i 

1^. 


LIBRARY  OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 

AT  URBANA-CHAMPAICN 


977.345 

H62 


I.H.S. 


}s^--^^j^_j^-^^ 


fk- 


FIRST  COURT-HOUSE.  1821. 


HISTORY 


(»p 


PIKE  COUNTY 


ILLINOIS; 


Tor.KTHKR  \\  rni  skkruks  ok  its  citiks,  villacjes  axo   rowNsim's,  i:i)r 

CATIONAT-,  RKI.IGIOrS,  CIX'II.,  MIMTAKV,  AND  POMTUAI,  lirsiCJUN': 

I'Ol!  IKAirs  OF  PROMINKXT  I'KKSONS  AM)  BIOC.K  AI'IUKS 

OF  KK1M{KSI:\TA1I\I';  C  ITIZKNS. 


HISTORY  OF  ILLINOIS, 


EMBRACING  ACCOUNTS  OK  THE  PRE-IIISTORIC    RAC  KS,  .VBORIGINES.   KKICM  II, 

ENGLISH  AM)  AMERICAN  CONQJJESTS,  AND  A  GENERAL  REVIEW 

OK  ITS  CIVIL,  POLITICAL  AM>  MILI^A1{^■   IIISI<)1;\-. 


Digest  of  State  Laws. 


ILLUSTRATED. 


CHICAGO: 

CHAS.   C.    CHAPMAN   &  CO., 
1880. 


KI-AKEXY,   BROWN   &    MARSH. 
PR  I  NTKRS,  #1    f"  ■  ' 
15s  *   1^7  DK.\KHORN  ST.,  Clll«  AOO. 


BOl-Nn   BY 

DONOIIl'K   A    HEMrXEBEKHy, 

lO;  *   lOqMAUI.SON   !iT.,  CHICAOO 


H  <.^  ^"^ 


<i  PREFACE. 


X^    The  history  of  Pike  county  possesses  features  of  unusual  interest  in 
'-^comparison  witli  those  of  other  neighboring  counties,  especially  those 
(\i.'\n  the  Military  Tract.     Here   the   sturdy  pioneer  located  and  began  to 
f\i  exert   his  civilizing   influence  long   before   other  sections  contained  a 
settler;  and  this  is  not  only  the  oldest  settled  county  of  all  north  of  its 
south   line,  but  it  was  the  first  county  organized  in  the  Military  Tract. 
Another  fact  woithy  of  note  is,  that  it  originally  embraced  all  the  coun- 
try l}ing  between   the   great  Father  of  Waters  and  the  placid  Illinois, 
extending  east  to  the  Indiana  line,  and  north  to  the  AVisconsin  line.    Pe- 
oria, Rock  Island,  Galena  and  Chicago  were  originally  little  settlements 
of  this  then  vast  c  unty. 

In  matters  of  general  public  interest  and  progress.  Pike  county  has 
ever  taken  a  leading  and  prominent  position.  Here  have  lived  men 
who  have  taken  no  unimportant  part  in  the  affairs  of  the  State, — in 
moulding  the  political  sentiments  and  destiny  of  the  country.  Pike 
county  has  been  the  i-cene  of  conflict  between  some  of  the  most  giant 
intellects  of  the  nation.  Here  the  shrewd  and  enterprising  Easterner, 
the  courtly  Southerner  and  the  sturdy,  practical  Weserner,  have  met 
and  mingled,  have  mherited  the  better  traits  possessed  by  each  other, 
and  thus  have  formed  a  society,  a  people  superior  in  many  particulars 
to  that  of  most  localities.  The  original  settlens,  the  earliest  pilgrims, 
Irnve  nearly  all  passed  away.  Here  and  there  we  see  the  bended  form 
and  whitened  head  of  some  of  these  vetei'ans,  but  they  are  not  numer- 
ous. Most  of  them  have  gone  to  that  country  which  is  always  new,  yet 
-  where  the  trials,  struggles  and  hardships  of  pioneer  life  are  never 
-^  known. 

^      Accurate   and  reliable  history  is  most  difficult  to  write.     Those  who 

^  have   never  experienced   the   difficulties  incident  to  such  labor    cannot 

^  realize  how  nearly  impossible  it  is,  or  can  appreciate  the  earnest,  honest 

^  and   faithful   labor  of  the  historian.     After  the  most  careful  and  pains- 

j ;  taking  searches  and  inquiry  upon  any  particular  subject  or  about  any 

J)  event,  he  will  even  then  find  many  doubts  arising  in  his  mind  as  to  its 

•0  accuracy  and   entire   truthfulness.     Each  individual  of  whom  inqury  is 

made  will  give  you  a  dift'erent  account  of  any  event.     One  of  them 

may  be  as  honest   as  the  other  and  try  to  relate  his  story  correctly,  yet 

they  will   be  so  widely  different   that   the   most   searching   and   logical 

mind  wiLl  be  unable  to  harmonize  them.     This  fact  is  forcibly  illustrated 

in  an   incident  related   of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh.     While   in  pris5n   in  a 

tower  of  England    he    engaged   himself  in  writing   the  history  of  the 


PREFACE. 

world.  One  day  a  brawl  occurred  in  the  yard  of  the  tower,  of  which 
he  desire<l  to  learn  the  particulars.  Two  uf  the  j)riiuipal  actors  came 
before  him,  and  each  related  the  account  of  the  tn)ubh',  yet  so  widely 
difiFerent  were  they  that  he  found  it  utterly  impossible  to  tell  wliat  the 
facts  were.  He  then  remarked,  "Here  I  am  en<j^a<;e<l  in  writin^r  tiie 
history  of  events  that  occurred  :5,00n  years  ago,  and  yet  I  am  unable  to 
learn  the  facts  of  what  happens  at  my  window."  This  has  been 
the  channel  of  our  experience,  and  that  of  all  (Others  who  have  at- 
tempted national  or  local  history.  As  an  example  in  Pike  county,  we 
noticed  in  a  Pittsfield  cemetery  "Orvillee"  on  the  headstone  as  the 
name  of  the  person  buried  in  a  certain  grave,  and  "Orval  E."  on  the 
footstone. 

Aside  from  mistakes  occurring  from  the  above  causes,  doubtless  there 
are  many  others  to  be  found  within  these  pages.  Tt)  suppose  that  a 
volunje  of  this  mairnitude,  and  containing  so  many  thousaj)ds  of  names 
and  dates  and  brief  statements  would  be  wholly  aicurate,  is  a  supposi- 
tion we  presume  no  sane  man  will  make.  While  we  do  not  claim  for 
this  work  c;riti<'al  accuracy  or  completeness,  yet  we  are  <|uite  certain 
that  it  will  be  found  nu^asiirablv  anci  iiractieallv  so.  Let  it  rest  as  the 
foundation  for  the  future  historian  to  build  upon. 

As  one  of  the  most  interesting  features  of  this  work,  we  present  the 
portraits  of  niinu^rous  representative  citizens.  It  has  been  our  aim  to 
have  the  prominent  men  of  to-day,  as  well  as  the  pioneers,  represented 
in  this  department,  and  we  flatter  ourselves  on  the  uniform  high  charac- 
ter of  the  gentlemen  whose  portraits  we  present.  They  are  in  the 
strictest  sense  representative  men,  and  are  selected  from  all  the  callings 
and  professions  worthy  to  be  represented.  There  are  others,  it  is  true, 
wIk)  claim  e<pial  prominence  with  those  ])rescTited,  but  a-s  a  matter  of 
course  it  was  impossible  for  us  to  represent  all  the  leading  men  of  the 
county. 

As  we  quit  our  long,  tedious,  yet  nevertheless  pleasant  task  of  writ- 
ing and  compiling  the  History  of  Piki;  County,  we  wish  t<>  return  the 
thanks  of  grateful  hearts  U)  those  who  have  so  freely  aided  us  in  col- 
lecting material,  etc.  To  the  county  uflicials  and  editors  of  the  various 
newspapers  we  are  particularly  grateful  for  th»,'  many  kindin'sses  and 
courtesies  shown  us  while  laboring  in  the  county.  To  .Iam'*s  (iailaher, 
editor  of  77ie  Old  l''ln<j^  we  especially  acknowh'dge  our  indebtedness 
for  the  excellent  historical  sketch  of  Pittsfield  presented  in  this  vol- 
ume. Last  and  most  of  all  we  wish  to  thank  those  who  sf)  liberally 
and  materially  aided  the  work  by  becoming  subscribers  to  it.  We  feel 
we  have  discharged  our  duties  fully,  have  fullilled  all  our  promises,  have 
earned  the  laborer's  pay.  Thus  feeling,  we  present  the  volume  to  the 
critical,  yet  we  hope  and  believe  justly  charitable  citizens  of  Pike 
county — or   more  especially,  our  subscribers. 

Chas.  C.  Chapman  &  Co. 

Chicago,  May,  1880. 


/:  /i  Ji 


/.'  0    h 


HISTORY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


FORMER  OCCUPANTS. 


MODND-BUILDERS. 

The  numerous  and  well-authenticated  accounts  of  antiquities 
found  in  various  parts  of  our  country,  clearly  demonstrate  that  a 
people  civilized,  and  even  highly  cultivated,  occupied  the  broad 
Burfiice  of  our  continent  before  its  possession  by  the  present  In- 
dians; but  the  date  of  their  rule  of  the  "Western  World  is  so  re- 
mote that  all  traces  of  their  history,  their  progress  and  decay,  lie 
buried  in  deepest  obscurity.  Nature,  at  tlie  time  the  first  Euro- 
peans came,  had  asserted  her  original  dominion  over  the  earth;  the 
forests  were  all  in  their  full  luxuriance,  the  growth  of  many  cen- 
turies; and  naught  existed  to  point  out  who  and  what  they  were 
who  formerly  lived,  and  loved,  and  labored,  and  died,  on  the  conti- 
nent of  America.  This  pre-historic  race  is  known  as  the  Mound- 
Builders,  from  the  numerous  large  mounds  of  earth-works  left  by 
them.  The  remains  of  the  works  of  this  people  form  the  most  in- 
teresting class  of  antiquities  discovered  in  the  United  States.  Their 
character  can  be  but  partially  gleaned  from  the  internal  evidences 
and  the  peculiarities  of  the  only  remains  left, — the  mounds.  They 
consist  of  remains  of  what  were  apparently  villages,  altars,  temples, 
idols,  cemeteries,  monuments,  camps,  fortifications,  pleasure 
grounds,  etc.,  etc.  Their  habitations  must  have  been  tents,  struc- 
tures of  wood,  or  other  perishable  material;  otherwise  their  remains 
would  be  numerous.  If  the  Mound-Builders  were  not  the  aTicestors 
of  the  Indians,  who  were  they'^  The  oblivion  wliich  has  closed  over 
them  is  so  complete  that  only  conjecture  can  be  given  in  answer  to 
the  question.  Those  who  do  not  believe  in  the  common  parentage 
of  mankind  contend  that  they  were  an  indigenous  race  of  the  West- 
ern hemisphere;  others,  with  more  plausibility,  think  they  came 
from  the  East,  and  imagine  they  can  see  coincidences  in  the  religion 
of  the  Hindoos  and  Southern  Tartars  anil  the  supposed  theology  of 


18  HISTORY    OK    ILLINOIS. 

the  Moiind-Builders.  They  were,  no  doubt,  idolators,  and  it  has 
been  conjectured  that  the  sun  vva8  the  object  of  their  adoration.  The 
mounds  were  generally  built  in  a  situation  affording  a  view  of  the 
rising  sun:  when  enclosed  in  walls  their  gateways  were  toward  the 
eat^t;  the  caves  in  which  their  dead  were  occasionally  buried  always 
opened  in  the  same  direction;  whenever  a  mound  was  partially  en- 
closed by  a  semi-circular  pavement,  it  was  on  the  east  side;  when 
bodies  were  buried  in  graves,  as  was  frequently  tlie  case,  they  were 
laid  in  a  direction  east  and  west;  and,  tinally.  iulhIhIs  have  been 
found  rcj^resenting  the  sun  and  his  rays  tif  light. 

At  what  period  they  came  to  this  ci>untry,  is  likewise  a  matter  of 
speculation.  From  the  comparatively  rude  state  of  the  arts  among 
them,  it  lias  been  inferred  that  the  time  was  very  remote.  Their 
axes  were  of  stone.  Their  raiment,  judging  from  fragments  which 
have  been  discovered,  consisted  of  the  bark  of  trees,  interwoven 
with  feathers;  and  their  military  works  were  such  as  a  people 
would  erect  who  had  just  passed  to  the  pa.storal  state  of  society 
from   that  dependent  alone  upon  hunting  and  fishing. 

The  mounds  and  other  aiicient  earth-works  constructed  by  this 
people  are  far  more  abundant  than  generally  supposed,  from  the  fact 
that  while  some  are  (juite  large,  the  greater  j)art  ot  them  are  small 
and  inconspicuous.  Along  neiirly  all  our  water  courses  that  are 
large  enough  to  bo  navigated  with  a  canoe,  the  mounds  are  almost 
invariably  found,  covering  the  base  points  and  heatllands  of  the 
blulfs  which  border  the  narrower  valleys;  so  tiuit  when  one  finds  him- 
self in  such  j)ositions  as  to  command  the  grandest  views  for  river 
scenery,  he  may  almost  always  discover  that  he  is  standing  upon, 
or  in  close  pro.ximity  to,  some  one  or  more  of  these  traces  of  the 
labors  of  an  ancient  people. 

OALKNA    MOUNDS. 

On  the  top  of  the  high  blulfs  that  skirt  the  west  bank  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, about  two  and  a  half  miles  from  Galena,  are  a  number  of 
these  silent  monuments  of  a  pre-historic  age.  The  s{X)t  is  one  of 
8urj)assing  beauty.  From  that  point  may  be  obtained  a  view  of  a 
portion  of  three  States, — Illinois,  Iowa  and  Wisconsin.  A  hundred 
feet  below,  at  the  foot  of  the  perpendicular  cliffs,  the  trains  of  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad  thunder  around  the  curve,  the  portage  is 
in  full  view,  and  the  '*  Father  of  Waters,"  with  its  numerous  bayous 


HISTORY    (JK    ILLINOIS.  19 

and  islands,  sketches  a  grand  pamorania  for  miles  above  and  below. 
Here,  probably  tiioiisands  of  years  a;^o,  a  race  of  men  now  extinct, 
and  unknown  even  in  the  traditions  of  the  Indians  who  inhabited 
that  section  for  centuries  before  the  discovery  of  America  by  Colum- 
bus, built  these  strangely  wonderful  and  enigmatical  mounds.  At 
this  point  these  mounds  are  circular  and  conical  in  form.  The  larg- 
est  one  is  at  least  forty  feet  in  diameter  at  the  base,  and  nut  less 
than  fifteen  feet  high,  even  yet,  after  it  has  been  beaten  by  the 
storms  of  many  centuries.  On  its  top  stands  the  large  stump  of  an 
oak  tree  that  was  cut  dowu  about  til'ty  years  ago,  and  its  annual 
rings  indicate  a  growth  of  at  least  200  years. 

One  of  the  most  sinjjular  earth-works  in  the  State  was  found  on 
the  top  of  a  ridge  near  the  east  bank  of  the  Sinsinawa  creek  in  the 
lead  region.  It  reseuibled  some  huge  animal,  the  head,  ears,  nose, 
legs  and  tail,  and  general  outline  of  which  being  as  perfect  as 
if  made  bv  men  versed  in  modern  art.  The  ridije  on  which  it  was 
situated  stands  on  the  ])rairie,  300  yards  wide,  100  feet  in  height, 
and  rounded  on  the  top  by  a  deep  deposit  of  clay.  Centrally, 
along  the  line  of  its  summit,  and  thrown  up  in  the  form  of  an 
embankment  three  feet  high,  extended  the  outline  of  a  quadruped 
measuring  250  feet  from  the  tip  of  the  nose  to  the  end  of  the 
tail,  and  having  a  width  of  18  feet  at  the  center  of  the  body.  The 
head  was  35  feet  in  length,  the  ears  10  feet,  legs  60  and  tail  75.  The 
curvature  in  both  the  fore  and  hind  legs  was  natural  to  an  animal 
lying  on  its  side.  The  general  outline  of  the  figure  most  nearly 
resembled  the  extinct  animal  known  to  geologists  as  the  Megathe- 
rium. The  question  naturally  arises.  By  whom  and  for  what  pur- 
pose was  this  earth  figure  raised?  Some  have  conjectured  that 
numbers  of  this  now  extinct  animal  lived  and  roamed  over  the  prai- 
ries of  Illinois  when  the  Mound-Builders  first  made  their  appearance 
on  the  upper  part  of  the  Mississippi  Valley,  and  that  their  wonder 
and  admiration,  excited  by  the  colossal  dimensions  of  these  huge 
creatures,  found  some  expression  in  the  erection  of  this  figure. 
The  bones  of  some  similar  gigantic  animals  were  exhumed  on  this 
stream  about  three  miles  from  the  same  place. 

LAROK    CITIKS. 

Mr.  Breckenridge,  who  examined  the  antiquities  of  the  Western 
country  in  1817,  sj)eakiiig  of  the  mounds  in  the  American  Bottom, 
says:     "The  great  number  and  extremely  large  size   of  some  of 


20  msroKv  <»k  Illinois. 

them  iniiy  be  reji^ardeil  as  fiiriuslung,  with  otlier  circumstancea, 
evidences  of  their  aiiti<|uity.  1  liave  sometimes  heeii  intluoed  to 
think  that  at  the  period  when  they  were  constructed  there  was  a 
popuhitioti  here  as  numerous  as  that  which  once  animated  the 
borders  of  the  Nile  or  Euphrates,  or  of  Mexico.  The  most  num- 
erous, as  well  as  considerahle,  of  these  remains  are  found  in  pre- 
cisely those  parts  of  the  ctHintry  where  the  traces  of  a  numert)us 
population  mi^lit  he  looked  for,  namely,  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi,  to  the  Illinois  river,  and 
on  the  west  from  the  St.  Francis  to  the  Missouri.  I  am  perfectly 
Batisfied  that  cities  eimilar  to  those  of  ancient  Mexico,  of  aeveral 
hundred  thousand  souls,  have  existed  in  this  country." 

It  must  be  admitte«l  that  whatever  the  usos  of  tlieso  mounds  — 
whether  juj  dwellings  or  burial  places — these  silent  monumenti} 
were  built,  and  the  race  who  built  them  vanished  from  the  tuce 
of  the  earth,  a;^es  l>efore  the  In<lians  occupied  the  himl,  but  thfir 
date  must  ]»robably  forever  batHo  human  skill  and  ingenuity. 

It  is  sometimes  ditlicult  to  distinguish  the  placea  of  eepulture 
raised  by  the  Mound-Builders  fmm  the  more  uuMJern  gnives  of  the 
Indians.  The  tombs  of  the  former  wt're  in  gonenil  larger  than 
those  of  the  latter,  and  were  used  as  receptacles  for  a  greater  numl>er 
of  bodies,  and  contaitiLMJ  relics  of  art,t'vir>cinga  higher  degree  of  civ- 
ilization than  that  ]ittaine<l  by  the  Indians.  Tiie  ancient  earth- 
wctrks  of  the  Mound- IJuildera  have  occasionally  Ikjcii  appropriated 
as  burial  places  by  the  Indians,  but  thu  skeletons  of  the  latter  may 
bo  distinguished  from  the  osteologiail  remains  of  the  former  by 
their  greater  stature. 

What  tinally  l>ecamo  of  the  Moimd-Builders  is  another  query 
which  has  i»een  extensively  discussed.  The  fact  that  their  works 
extend  into  Mexico  and  Peru  has  induceil  the  belief  that  it  was 
their  |>o6terity  that  dwelt  in  these  Cfjuntrics  when  they  were  firot 
visited  by  the  Spanianls.  The  Mexican  and  Peruvian  works,  with 
the  excej)tion  of  their  greater  magtjitude,  are  similar.  liclics  om- 
mon  to  all  of  them  have  been  occ;isionally  found,  and  it  is  believed 
that  the  religious  uses  which  they  subserved  were  the  same.  If, 
indeed,  the  Mexicans  and  Peruvians  were  the  progeny  of  the 
more  ancient  Mound-Builders,  Spanish  rapacity  for  gold  was  the 
cause  of  their  overthrow  and  final  extermination. 

A  thousand  other  queries  naturally  arise  respecting  these  nations 


UlSTOKV    OF    ILLINOIS.  21 

wliich  now  repose  under  the  ground,  but  the  most  searching  investi- 
gation can  give  us  only  vague  speculations  for  answers.  No  liisto- 
rian  lias  preserved  the  names  of  their  mighty  chieftains,  or  given  an 
account  of  their  exploits,  and  even  tradition  is  silent  respecting 
them. 

INDIANS. 

Following  the  Mound-Builders  as  inhabitants  of  North  America, 
were,  as  it  is  supposed,  the  people  who  reared  the  niagniticciit 
cities  the  ruins  of  which  are  found  in  Central  America.  This  ])eo- 
ple  was  tar  more  civilized  and  advanced  in  the  arts  than  were  the 
Mound-Builders.  The  cities  built  by  them,  judging  from  the  ruins 
of  broken  columns,  fallen  arches  and  crumbling  walls  of  temples, 
palaces  and  pyramids,  which  in  some  places  for  miles  bestrew  the 
ground,  must  have  been  of  great  extent,  magnificent  and  very  pop- 
ulous. When  we  consider  the  vast  period  of  time  necessary  to  erect 
such  colossal  structures,  and,  again,  the  time  required  to  reduce 
them  to  their  present  ruined  state,  we  can  conceive  something  of 
their  antiquity.  These  cities  must  have  been  old  when  many  of 
the  ancient  cities  of  the  Orient  were  being  built. 

The  third  race  inhabiting  North  America,  distinct  from  the 
former  two  in  every  particular,  is  the  present  Indians.  They 
were,  when  visited  by  the  early  discoverers,  without  cultivation, 
refinement  or  literature,  and  far  behind  the  Mound-Builders  in 
the  knowledge  of  the  arts.  The  question  of  their  origin  has  long 
interested  archaeologists,  and  is  the  most  difficult  they  have  been 
called  upon  to  answer.  Of  their  predecessors  the  Indian  tribes 
knew  nothing;  they  even  had  no  traditions  respecting  them.  It  is 
quite  certain  that  they  were  the  successors  of  a  race  which  had 
entirely  passed  away  ages  before  the  discovery  of  the  New  World. 
One  hypothesis  is  that  the  American  Indians  are  an  original  race 
indigenous  to  the  Western  hemisphere.  Those  who  entertain  this 
view  think  their  peculiarities  of  physical  structure  preclude  the 
possibility  of  a  common  parentage  with  the  rest  of  mankind. 
Prominent  among  those  distinctive  traits  is  the  hair,  which  in  the 
red  man  is  round,  in  the  white  man  oval,  and  in  the  black  man  fiat. 

A  more  common  supposition,  however,  is  that  they  area  derivative 
race,  and  sprang  from  one  or  more  of  the  ancient  peoples  of  Asia. 
In  the  absence  of  all  authentic  history,  and  when  even  tradition  is 


22  niSTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

wanting,  any  attempt  to  point  out  the  particular  location  of  their 
origin  must  prove  unsatisfactory.  Though  the  e.xact  place  of  urigin 
may  never  be  known,  yet  the  striking  coincidence  i>f  physical 
organization  between  the  Oriental  type  of  mankind  and  the  Indians 
point  unmistakably  to  some  part  of  Asia  as  the  place  whence  they 
emigrated,  which  was  originally  peojjled  to  a  great  extent  by  the 
children  of  Shem.  In  this  connectiun  it  has  been  claimed  that  the 
meeting  of  the  Europeans,  Indians  and  Africjxns  on  the  continent 
of  America,  is  the  fulfillment  of  a  prophecy  as  recorded  in  Gen- 
esis ix.  27:  "God  shall  enlarge  Japheth,  and  he  shall  dwell  in  the 
tents  of  Shem;  and  Cansian  shall  be  his  servant."  Assuming  the 
iheory  to  be  true  that  the  Indian  tribes  are  of  Shemitic  origin, 
they  were  met  on  this  continent  in  tho  fifteenth  century  by  the 
Ja)'hetic  race,  after  the  two  stocks  had  ])assed  around  the  globe  by 
directly  dilferent  routes.  A  few  years  afterward  the  Ilamitic 
branch  of  the  human  family  were  brought  fn»m  thec<»ast  of  Africa. 
During  tho  occuj)ancy  of  tho  continent  by  the  three  ilistinct  races, 
the  children  of  Japheth  have  grown  ami  prospered,  while  the  called 
and  not  voluntary  sons  of  Ham  have  endured  a  servitude  in  the 
wider  stretchinj;  vallevs  of  the  tents  of  Shem. 

When  Christopher  Columbus  had  fiiudly  succeeded  in  demon- 
Btratinir  the  truth  of  his  theorv  that  bv  sailing  westward  from  Eu- 
rope  land  would  be  discovered,  lamling  on  the  Island  of  Bermuda 
he  supposed  he  had  reached  the  East  Indies.  This  was  an  error, 
but  it  led  to  the  adoption  of  the  name  of  "  Indians  "  for  the  inhab- 
itants of  the  Island  and  the  main  land  of  America,  bv  which  name 
the  red  men  of  America  have  ever  since  been  known. 

Of  the  several  great  l)ranches  of  North  American  Indians  the 
onlv  ones  entitled  to  consideration  in  Illinois  liistorv  are  the  Ai^'on- 
quins  and  Iroquois.  At  the  time  of  the  discovery  of  America  the 
former  occupied  the  Atlantic  seaboard,  while  the  home  of  the 
Iroquois  was  as  an  island  in  this  vast  area  of  Algonquin  popula-  . 
tion.  The  latter  great  luition  spread  over  a  vast  territory,  and  various 
tribes  of  Algonquin  lineage  sprung  up  over  the  country,  adopting, 
in  time,  distinct  tribal  custfjms  and  laws.  An  almost  continuous 
warfare  was  carried  on  between  tribes;  but  later,  on  the  entrance  of 
the  white  man  into  their  beloved  homes,  every  foot  of  territory 
was  fiercely  disputed  by  the  confederacy  of  many  neighboring  tribes. 
The  Algonquins  formed  the  most  extensive  alliance  to  resist  the 
encroacliTnent  of  the  whites,  especially  the  English.     Such  was  the 


HISTORY    OF    ILLIMOS.  23 

nature  of  Kin«^  Pliilip's  war.  This  King,  with  his  Algonquin 
braves,  sjiread  terror  and  desolation  throughout  New  EngUvnd. With 
the  Algonquins  as  the  controlling  spirit,  a  confederacy  of  conti- 
nental proportions  was  the  result,  embracing  in  its  alliance  the  tribes 
of  every  name  and  lineage  from  the  Northern  lakes  to  the  gulf. 
Pontiae,  having  breathed  into  them  his  implacable  hate  of  the 
English  intruders,  ordered  the  conflict  to  commence,  and  all  the 
British  colonies  trembled  before  the  desolating  fury  of  Indian 
vengeance. 

ILLINOIS    CONFEDERACY. 

The  Illinois  confederac}',  the  various  tribes  of  which  comprised 
most  of  the  Indians  of  Illinois  at  one  time,  was  composed  of  five 
tribes:  the  Tamaroas,  Michigans,  Kaskaskias,  Cahokas,  and  Peorias. 
The  Illinois,  Miamis  and  Delawares  were  of  the  same  stock.  As 
early  as  1670  the  priest  Father  Marquette  mentions  frequent  visits 
made  by  individuals  of  this  confederacy  to  the  missionary  station  at 
St.  Esprit,  near  the  western  extremity  of  Lake  Sujierior.  At  that 
time  they  lived  west  of  the  Mississippi,  in  eight  villages,  whither 
they  had  been  driven  from  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan  by  the 
Iroquois.  Shortly  afterward  they  began  to  return  to  their  old 
hunting  ground,  and  most  of  them  finally  settled  in  Illinois. 
Joliet  and  Marquette,  in  1673,  met  with  a  band  of  them  on  their 
famous  voyage  of  discovery  down  the  Mississippi.  They  were 
treated  with  the  greatest  hospitality  by  the  principal  chief.  On  their 
return  voyage  up  the  Illinois  river  they  stopped  at  tiie  principal 
town  of  the  confederacy,  situated  on  the  banks  of  the  river  seven 
miles  below  the  present  town  of  Ottawa.  It  was  then  called  Kas- 
kaskia.  Marquette  returned  to  the  village  in  1675  and  established 
the  mission  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  the  oldest  in  Illinois. 
When,  in  1679,  LaSalle  visited  the  town,  it  had  greatly  increased 
numbering  460  lodges,  and  at  the  annual  assembly  of  the  difierent 
tribes,  from  6,000  to  8,000  souls.  In  common  with  other  western 
tribes,  they  became  involved  in  the  conspiracy  of  Pontiae,  although 
disj)laying  no  very  great  warlike  spirit.  Pontiae  lost  his  life  by 
the  hands  of  one  of  the  braves  of  the  Illinois  tribe,  which  so  enrasred 
the  nations  that  had  followed  him  as  their  leader  that  they  fell  upon 
the   Illinois  to  avenge  his  death,  and    almost   annihilated    them. 

STARVED     ROCK. 

Tradition  states  that  a  band  of  this  tribe,  in  order  to  escape  the 
general  slaughter,  took  refuge  upon  the  high  rock  on  the  lUinoip 


24  HISTOKV    OK    ILLINOIS. 

river  since  known  as  Starved  Rock,  Nature  has  made  tliis  one  of 
tlie  most  Ibrniidable  military  fortresses  in  the  world.  From  the 
waters  which  wash  its  base  it  rises  to  an  altitude  of  125  feet.  Three 
of  its  sides  it  is  impossible  to  scale,  while  the  one  ne.\t  to  the  land 
may  be  climbed  with  difficulty.  From  its  summit,  almost  as  inac- 
cessible as  an  eagle's  nest,  the  valley  of  the  Illinois  is  seen  as 
a  landscape  of  exijuisite  beauty.  The  river  near  by  etrui^t^les 
between  a  number  of  wooded  islands,  while  further  below  it  (piietly 
meanders  throui^h  vast  meadows  till  it  disappears  like  a  thread  of 
liirht  in  the  dim  distance.  On  the  summit  of  this  rock  the  Illinois 
were  besie<;ed  by  a  suj)erior  force  of  tlie  Pottawatomies  whom  the 
great  strength  of  their  natural  fortress  enabled  them  to  keej)  at  bay. 
Hunger  and  thirst,  however,  soon  accomj)li8hed  what  the  enemy 
was  unable  to  etfect.  Surrounded  by  a  relentless  foe,  without  food 
or  water,  they  took  a  last  look  at  their  beautiful  hunting  grounds, 
and  with  true  Indian  fortitmle  lay  down  and  died  from  starvation. 
Years  afterward  their  bones  were  seen  whitening  in  that  j)lace. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  present  century  the  remnants  of  this 
once  pijwerful  confederacy  were  forced  intu  a  small  compass  around 
Kaskaskia.  A  few  years  later  they  emigrated  to  the  Southwest, 
and  in  1850  thev  were  in  Indian  Territory,  atid  numbered  but  84 
persons. 

B.\C9    AND    FO.XK8. 

The  Sacs  and  Foxes,  who  ligured  most  conspicuously  in  the  later 
liistory  of  Illinois,  inhal)ited  the  northwestern  portion  of  the  State. 
By  long  residence  together  and  intermarriage  they  had  substan- 
tiall}'  become  one  people.  Drake,  in  his  "Life  of  Black  Hawk," 
speaks  of  these  tribes  as  follows:  "  The  Sacs  and  Foxes  fought  their 
way  from  the  waters  of  the  St.  Lawrence  to  (ireen  Bay,  and  after 
teaching  that  place,  not  only  snstjiined  themselves  against  hostile 
tribes,  but  were  the  most  active  and  courageous  in  the  subjugation, 
or  rather  tlie  extermination,  of  the  numerous  and  powerful  Illinois 
confederacy.  They  had  many  wars,  offensive  and  defensive,  with 
the  Sioux,  the  Pawnees,  the  Osages,  and  other  tribes,  some  of  which 
are  ranked  among  the  most  tierce  and  ferocious  warriors  of  the 
whole  continent;  and  it  does  not  appear  that  in  these  conflicts,  run- 
ning through  a  long  period  of  years,  they  were  found  wanting  in 
this,  the  greatest  of  all  savage  virtues.  In  the  late  war  with  Great 
Britain,  a  party  of  the  Sacs  and  Foxes  fought  under  the  British 


< 


73 


'J 

c 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  27 

standard  as  a  matter  of  choice;  and  in  the  recent  contest  between  a 
fragment  of  these  tribes  and  the  United  States,  althoui^ii  defeated 
and  literally  cut  to  pieces  by  an  overwhelming  force,  it  is  very 
questionable  whether  their  reputation  as  braves  would  suffer  by  a 
comparison  with  that  of  their  victors.  It  is  believed  that  a  careful 
review  of  their  history,  from  the  period  when  they  tirst  established 
themselves  on  the  waters  of  the  Mississippi  down  to  the  present 
time,  will  lead  the  inquirer  to  the  conclusion  that  the  Sacs  and 
Foxes  were  truly  a  courageous  people,  shrewd,  politic,  and  enter- 
prising, with  no -more  ferocity  and  treachery  of  character  rhan  is 
common  amona:  the  tribes  bv  whom  they  were  surrounded."  These 
tribes  at  the  time  of  the  Black  Hawk  AVar  were  divided  into  twenty 
families,  twelve  of  which  were  Sacs  and  eight  Foxes.  The  follow- 
ing were  other  prominent  tribes  occupying  Illinois:  the  Kickapoos, 
Shawnees,  Mascoulins,  Piaukishaws,  Pottawatomies,  Chip])ewas, 
and  Ottawas. 

MANNERS    AND    CUSTOMS. 

The  art  of  hunting  not  only  supplied  the  Indian  with  food,  but, 
like  that  of  war,  was  a  means  of  gratifying  his  love  of  distinction. 
The  male  children,  as  soon  as  they  acquired  sufficient  age  and 
strength,  were  furnished  with  a  bow  and  arrow  and  taught  to  shoot 
birds  and  other  small  game.  Success  in  killing  large  quadrupeds 
required  years  of  careful  study  and  practice,  and  the  art  was  as 
sedulously  inculcated  in  the  minds  of  the  rising  generation  as  are 
the  elements  of  readino-  writing?  and  arithmetic  in  the  common 
schools  of  civilized  communities.  The  mazes  of  the  forest  and  the 
dense,  tall  grass  of  the  prairies  were  the  best  fields  for  the  exercise 
of  the  hunter's  skill.  No  feet  could  be  impressed  in  the  yielding 
soil  but  that  the  tracks  were  the  objects  of  the  most  searching 
scrutiny,  and  revealed  at  a  glance  the  animal  that  made  them,  the 
direction  it  was  pursuing,  and  the  time  that  had  elayised  since  it 
had  passed.  In  a  forest  country  he  selected  the  valleys,  because, 
they  were  most  frequently  the  resort  of  game.  The  most  easily 
taken,  perhaps,  of  all  the  animals  of  the  chase  was  the  deer.  It  is 
endowed  with  a  curiosity  whicli  prompts  it  to  stop  in  its  flight  and 
look  back  at  the  approaching  hunter,  who  always  avails  himself  of 
this  opportunity  to  let  fly  the  fatal  arrow. 

Their  general  councils  were  composed  of  the  chiefs  and  old  men. 
When  in  council,  they  usually  sat  in  concentric  circles  around  the 


38  HI8T0KV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

Sjieaker,  and  each  iinlividuiil,  ni>t\vitlistuiidifii^  tlio  fiery  passions 
that  rankled  witliin,  preserved  an  exterior  as  immovable  as  it"  cast 
in  Itronze.  liel'ore  comniencintj  hnsiness  a  person  aj»peare«l  with 
the  sacred  pipe,  and  another  with  tire  to  kindle  it.  After  being 
lighted,  it  was  tirst  ])resented  to  heaven,  secondly  to  the  earth, 
thirdly  to  the  pre-^idini^  spirit,  and  lastly  the  several  conncilors, 
each  ot"  whom  took  a  whitl'.  Tnese  lormalities  were  observL-d  with 
as  close  exactness  as  state  eticpiett©  in  civilized  courts. 

The  dwellings  of  the  Indians  were  of  the  6inij>lest  and  riidest 
cliaracter.  On  some  pleasant  B|K>t  by  the  bank  of  a  river,  or  near 
an  over-runninj;  Rj)ring,  they  raise<l  their  groups  of  wigwams,  con- 
structed of  the  bark  of  trees,  and  easily  taken  dt»wn  and  reniovetl 
to  another  spot.  The  dwelling-places  of  the  chiefs  were  sometimes 
more  spacious,  and  ct)nstructed  with  greater  care,  but  of  tliu  same 
materials.  Skins  taken  in  the  chase  served  them  for  repose. 
Though  principally  de|>ondent  u|)on  hunting  and  fishing,  the 
uncertain  supply  from  those  sources  led  them  to  cultivate  small 
j>atches  of  cc»rn.  Kvery  family  did  everything  necessary  within 
it-^elf,  commerce,  or  an  interchange  of  articles,  being  almost  unknown 
to  them.  In  cases  of  dispute  and  dissension,  each  Indian  relied 
upon  himself  f  )r  retaliation.  UUhh\  for  IiIockI  was  tlie  rule,  and 
the  relatives  of  the  slain  man  were  )x)und  to  obtain  bloody  revenge 
for  his  death.  This  jirinciple  gave  rise,  as  a  matter  of  course,  to 
innumenibleand  bitter  feu«ls,  and  wars  of  extermination  where  such 
were  j)ossibU-.  War,  indce<l,  nither  than  i)cacc,  was  the  In  Man's 
gh)ry  and  delight, — war,  not  conductM  as  civilization,  but  war 
where  individual  skill,  endurance,  gallantry  an«l  cruelty  were  prime 
reipiisites.  For  such  a  |»ur|H»ge  as  rev<«nge  the  Indian  would  make 
great  sacrifices,  and  «lisplay  a  patience  ainl  j)erscverancc  trulv  heroic; 
but  when  the  excitement  was  over,  he  sank  back  into  a  listless,  un- 
occupietl,  well-nigh  useless  savage.  During  the  intervals  of  his 
more  exciting  pursuits,  the  Indian  employe*!  his  time  in  dec4>rating 
his  i>erson  with  all  the  refinement  of  paint  and  feathers,  and  in  the 
manufacture  of  his  arms  and  of  canoes.  These  were  wjustructed  of 
bark,  and  so  liglit  that  they  could  easily  Ik;  airried  on  the  shoulder 
from  stream  to  stream.  II is  amusements  were  the  war-dance^  ath- 
letic games,  the  narration  of  iiis  exploits,  and  listening  to  the  ora- 
tory of  the  cliiefs;  but  during  long  |)eriods  of  such  existence  lie 
remained  in  a  state  of  torpor,  gazing  listlessly  upon  the  trees  of 
the  forests  and  the  clouds  that  sailed  above  them;  and  this  vacancy 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  29 

imprinted  an  habitual  gravity,  and  even  raelancholy,  upon  his  gen- 
eral deportment. 

The  main  labor  and  drudgery  of  Indian  communities  fell  upon 
the  women.  The  planting,  tending  and  gathering  of  the  crops, 
making  mats  and  baskets,  carrying  burdens, — in  fact,  all  things  of 
the  kind  were  performed  by  them,  thus  making  their  condition  but 
little  better  than  that  of  slaves.  Marriage  was  merely  a  matter  of 
bargain  and  sale,  the  husband  giving  presents  to  the  lather  of  the 
bride.  In  general  they  had  but  few  children.  They  were  sub- 
jected to  many  and  severe  attacks  of  sickness,  and  at  times  famine 
and  pestilence  swept  away  whole  tribes. 

SINGLE-HANDED    COMBAT    WITH    INDIANS. 

The  most  desperate  single-handed  combat  with  Indians  ever 
fought  on  the  soil  of  Illinois  was  that  of  Tom  Iliggins,  August  21, 
1814.  Iliggins  was  25  years  old,  of  a  muscular  and  compact 
build,  not  tall,  but  strong  and  active.  In  danger  he  possessed  a 
(juick  and  discerning  judgment,  and  was  without  fear.  He  was  a 
member  of  Journey's  rangers,  consisting  of  eleven  men,  stationed 
at  Hill's  Fort,  eight  miles  southwest  of  the  present  Greenville,  Put- 
nam county.  Discovering  Indian  signs  near  the  fort,  the  company, 
early  the  following  morning,  started  on  the  trail.  They  had  not 
gone  far  before  they  were  in  an  ambuscade  of  a  larger  party.  At 
the  first  fire  their  commander.  Journey,  and  three  men  fell,  and 
six  retreated  to  the  fort;  but  Higgins  stopped  to  "have  another 
pull  at  the  red-skins,''  and,  taking  deliberate  aim  at  a  straggling 
savaere,  shot  him  down.  Hio:£:ins'  hoi'se  had  been  wounded  at  the 
first  fire,  as  he  supposed,  mortally.  Coming  to,  he  was  about  to 
effect  his  escape,  when  the  familiar  voice  of  Burgess  hailed  him 
from  the  long  grass,  "Tom,  don't  leave  me."  Iliggins  told  him  to 
come  along,  but  Burgess  replied  that  his  leg  was  smashed.  Ilig- 
gins attempted  to  raise  him  on  his  horse,  but  the  animal  took  fright 
and  ran  away.  Iliggins  then  directed  Burgess  to  limp  off  as  well 
as  he  could;  and  by  crawling  through  the  grass  he  reached  the  fort 
while  the  former  loaded  his  gun  and  remained  behind  to  protect 
him  against  the  pursuing  enemy.  "When  Burgess  was  well  out  of 
the  way,  Higgins  took  another  route,  which  led  by  a  small  thicket, 
to  throw  any  wandering  enemy  off  the  trail.  Here  he  was  con- 
fronted by  three  savages  approaching.  He  ran  to  a  little  ravine 
near  for  shelter,  but  in  the  efiort  discovered  tor  the  first  time  that 


30  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

lie  WcOS  badlj  wouiicied  in  the  leg.     He  was  closely  pressed  by   the 
largest,  a  powerful  Indian,  who  lodged  a  ball  in  his  thigh.     He  Jell, 
but  instantly  rose  again,  only,  lu)wever,  to  draw  the  fire  of  the  other 
two,  and  again  tell  wounded.     The  Indians  now  advanced  upon  him 
with  their  tomahawks  and  sciilping  knives;  but  as  he  presented  his 
gun  first  at  one,  then  at  another,  from  iiis  place  in  the  ravine,  each 
wavered  in  his  purpose.       Neither  j)arty  had  time  to  load,  and  the 
large  Indian,  suj)posinglinally  that  Higgins'  gun  was  empty,  rushed 
forward  with   uplifted  tonuihawk  and  a  yell;  but  as  he  came  near 
enough,  was  shot  down.     At  this  the  others  raised  the  war-whoop, 
and   rushed   upon  the  wounded   Higgins,  and   now  a  hand-to-hand 
conflict  ensued.      They  darted  at  him   with  their  knives  time  and 
again,  intlicting  many  ghastly  flesh-wounds,  which  bled  profusely. 
One  of  the  assailants  threw  his  tomahawk  at  him  with  such  pre- 
cision as  to  sever  his  ear  and  lav  bare  his  skull,  knockinir  him  down. 
Tluy  Mow  rushed  in  on  him,  but  he  kicked  them  ofl',  and  grasping 
one  of  their  spears  thrust  at  him,  wjis  raised  up  by  it.     Hecpiickly 
seized  his  gun,  and  by  a  powerful  blow  crushed  in  the  skull  of  one, 
but  broke  his  ritle.     His  rejuaining  antagonist  still  kept  U]>  the  con- 
test, making  thrusts   with   his   knife  at  the  bleotling  and  exhausted 
Higgins,  which  he  j»arried  with  his  broken  gun  as  well  as  he  could. 
Most  of  this  desperate  engagement  was  in  plain  view  of  the  f«»rt; 
but  the  rangers,  having  been   in  one  amluitciide.  saw   in  this  fight 
(•nly  a  ruse  to  draw  out  the  balance  of  the  garrison.       IJut  a  Mrs. 
I'ursely,  residing  at  the  fort,  no  longer  able  to  see  so  brave  a  man 
contend   for  his  life  unaided,  seized  a  gun,  mounted  a  horse,  and 
started  to  his  rescue.     At  this  the  men  took  cc)urage  and  hastened 
along.     The  Indian,  seeing  aid  coming,  fled.     Higgins.  Injing  near- 
ly hacked  to  j»ieces,  fainted  fn)m  loss  of  blood.     He  was  carried  to 
the  fort.     There  being  no  surgeon,  his  c<jmrades  cut  two  balls  from 
his  flesh;  others  remained  in.       For  days  his  life  was  despaired  of; 
but  by  tender  nursing  he  ultimately  regaintMl  his  health,  although 
badly  crippled.     He  resided  in  Fayette  county  for  many  years  after, 
and  died  in  1S29. 


HISTORY    OK    ILLINOIS.  31 


EARLY  DISCOVERIES 


NICHOLAS    PERROT. 


The  first  white  man  who  ever  set  foot  on  the  soil  embraced  within 
the  boundary  of  the  present  populous  State  of  Illinois  was  Nich- 
olas Perrot,  a  Frenchman,  lie  was  sent  to  Chicago  in  the  year  1671 
by  M.  Talon,  Intendant  of  Canada,  for  the  purpose  of  invitinf]^  the 
"Western  Indians  to  a  great  peace  convention  to  be  held  at  Green 
Bav.  This  convention  had  for  its  chief  object  the  promulgation  of 
a  plan  for  the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi  river.  This  great  river 
had  been  discovered  by  De  Soto,  the  Spanish  explorer,  nearly  one 
hundred  and  fifty  years  previouslj',  but  his  nation  left  the  country 
a  wilderness,  without  further  exploration  or  settlement  within  its 
borders,  in  which  condition  it  remained  until  the  river  was  dis- 
covered by  Joliet  and  Marquette  in  1673.  It  was  deemed  a  wise 
policy  to  secure,  as  far  as  possible,  the  friendship  and  co-operation 
of  the  Indians,  far  and  near,  before  venturing  upon  an  enterprise 
which  their  hostility  might  render  disastrous.  Thus  the  great  con- 
vention was  called. 

JOLIET    AND     MARQUETTE. 

Although  Perrot  was  the  first  European  to  visit  Illinois,  he  was 
not  the  first  to  make  any  important  discoveries.  This  was  left  for 
Joliet  and  Marquette,  which  they  accomplished  two  years  thereafter. 
The  former,  Louis  Joliet,  was  born  at  Quebec  in  164:5.  He  was 
educated  for  the  clerical  profession,  but  he  abandoned  it  to 
engage  in  the  fur  trade.  His  companion.  Father  Jacques  Mar- 
quette, was  a  native  of  France,  born  in  1637.  He  was  a  Jesuit 
priest  by  education,  and  a  man  of  simple  faith  and  great  zeal  and 
devotion  in  extending  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  among  the  In- 
dians. He  was  sent  to  America  in  1666  as  a  missionary.  To  con- 
vert the  Indians  he  penetrated  the  wilderness  a  thousand  miles 
in  advance  of  civilization,  and  by  his  kind  attention  in  their  aftlic- 
tions  he  won  their  affections  and  made  them  his  lasting  friends. 
There  were  others,  however,  who  visited  Illinois  even  prior  to  the 
famous  exploration  of  Joliet  and  Marquette.     In  1672  the  Jesuit 


32  mSToKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

inisBionaries,  P'sitliers  Claiule  Allonez  and  Claude  Dablon,  hore  the 
standard  of  tlie  Cross  from  their  mission  at  Green  Vmy  throu^li 
western  Wisconsin  and  northern  Illinois. 

According  to  the  pre-arranged  )>lan  referred  to  alx>ve,  at  the  Jes- 
uit mission  on  the  Strait  of  Mackinaw,  Joliet  joine<l  Manjuetto, 
and  with  live  other  Fronchmon  and  a  simple  outfit  the  daring  ex- 
])lorers  on  the  17th  of  May,  1(J73,  set  out  on  their  perilous  voyage 
to  discover  the  Mississippi,  Coasting  along  the  northern  shore  of 
Lake  Michigan,  they  entered  (ireen  Hay,  and  passed  thence  up  F«'X 
river  and  Lake  Winnebago  t«)  a  village  of  the  Muscatines  and 
Miamis,  where  great  interest  was  taken  in  the  ex|)e(lition  by  the 
natives.  With  guides  they  proceedeil  down  the  river.  Arriving 
at  the  portage,  they  soon  wirried  their  light  canoes  and  sauity  bag- 
gage to  the  Wi6C*>nsin,  about  three  miles  distjint.  Tlu-ir  guides 
now  refused  to  aci'oinpany  them  further,  and  endeavored,  by  re- 
citing the  dangers  incident  to  the  voyage,  to  induce  them  to  return. 
They  stated  that  huge  dem«»ns  dwelt  in  the  great  river,  whose  voices 
could  be  heard  a  long  distance,  and  who  engulfe<l  in  the  raging 
waters  all  who  came  within  their  reach.  They  also  representetl  that 
if  anv  of  them  should  escajK)  the  dangers  of  the  river,  tierce  tril>es  of 
Indians  dwtlt  ujkju  its  banks  ready  t«j  complete  the  work  of  de- 
struction. They  proceeded!  on  their  journey,  however,  and  on  the 
17th  of  June  pushed  their  trail  barks  on  the  Imsom  of  the  stately 
Mississippi,  down  which  they  smoothly  glide<)  for  nearly  a  hundred 
imIK-.  Here  Joliet  and  Manpiette,  leaving  their  can(»cs  in  charge 
of  their  men,  went  on  the  western  shore,  where  they  discovere<l  an 
Indian  village,  and  were  kindly  treate<l.  They  journeye<l  on  down 
the  unknown  river,  pa.ssing  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois,  then  run- 
ning into  the  current  of  the  mud<ly  Missouri,  and  afterwaid  the 
waters  of  the  Ohio  joined  with  them  on  their  journey  s«>uthward. 
Near  the  mouth  of  the  ArkansaH  they  discovered  Indians  who 
showed  signs  of  hostility;  but  when  Marquette's  mission  of  peace 
was  made  known  to  them,  they  were  kindly  receive*!.  After  pro- 
ceeding up  the  Arkansas  a  short  disUmcc,  at  the  advice  of  the 
natives  they  turned  their  faces  northward  to  retrace  their  steps.  Af- 
ter several  weeks  of  hard  t<.il  they  reached  the  Illinois,  up  which 
stream  they  proceeded  to  Lake  Michigan.  F'ollowing  the  western 
shore  of  the  lake,  they  entered  Green  Hay  the  latter  part  of  Sep- 
tember, having  traveled  a  distance  of  2,000  miles. 


IIISTUKY    OK    ILLINOIS.  33 

On  his  way  up  the  Illinois,  Marquette  visited  the  Kaskaskias, 
near  what  is  now  Utica,  in  LaSalle  county.  The  following  year 
he  returned  and  establislied  among  them  the  mission  of  the  Im- 
maculate Virgin  Mary.  This  was  tiie  last  act  of  his  life.  He  died 
in  Michigan,  May  18,  1675. 

lasalle's  explorations. 
The  tirst  French  occupation  of  Illinois  was  effecteil  by  LaSalle, 
m  1680.  Having  constructed  a  vessel,  the  "Griffin,"  above  the 
falls  of  Niagara,  he  sailed  to  Green  Bay,  and  passed  thence  in 
canoe  to  the  mouth  of  the  St.  Joseph  river,  by  which  and  the  Kan- 
kakee he  reached  the  Illinois  in  January,  1680;  and  on  the  3d  he 
entered  the  expansion  of  the  river  now  called  Peoria  lake.  Here, 
at  the  lower  end  of  the  lake,  on  its  eastern  bank,  now  in  Tazewell 
county,  he  erected  Fort  Crevecoeur,  The  place  where  this  ancient 
fort  stood  may  still  be  seen  just  below  the  outlet  of  Peoria  lake.  It 
had,  however,  but  a  temporary  existence.  From  this  point  LaSalle 
determined,  at  that  time,  to  descend  the  Mississippi  to  its  mouth. 
This  he  did  not  do,  however,  until  two  years  later.  Returning  to 
Fort  Frontenac  for  the  purpose  of  getting  material  with  which  to 
rig  his  vessel,  he  left  the  fort  at  Peoria  in  charge  of  his  lieutenant, 
Henri  Tonti,  an  Italian,  who  had  lost  one  of  his  hands  by  the 
explosion  of  a  grenade  in  the  Sicilian  wars.  Tonti  had  with  him 
fifteen  men,  most  of  whom  disliked  LaSalle,  and  were  ripe  for  a 
revolt  the  first  opportunity.  Two  men  who  had,  previous  to  LaSalle's 
departure,  been  sent  to  look  for  the  "  Griffin  "  now  returned  and 
reported  that  the  vessel  was  lost  and  that  Fort  Frontenac  was  in 
the  hands  of  LaSalle's  creditors.  This  disheartening  intelligence 
had  the  effect  to  enkindle  a  spirit  of  mutiny  among  the  garrison. 
Tonti  had  no  sooner  left  the  fort,  with  a  few  men,  to  fortify  what 
was  afterward  known  as  Starved  Rock,  than  the  garrison  at  the 
fort  refused  longer  to  submit  to  authority.  They  destroyed  the 
fort,  seized  the  ammunition,  provisions,  and  other  portables  of  value, 
and  fled.  Only  two  of  their  number  remained  true.  These  hast- 
ened to  apprise  Tonti  of  what  had  occurred.  He  thereupon  sent 
four  of  the  men  with  him  to  inform  LaSalle.  Thus  was  Tonti  in 
the  midst  of  treacherous  savages,  with  only  five  men,  two  of  whom 
were  the  friars  Ribourde  and  Membre.  With  these  he  immediately 
returned  to  the  fort,  collected  what  tools  had  not  been  destroyed, 
and  conveyed   them  to  the  great   town  of  the   Illinois  Indians. 


34  HISTOIiV    <•!      ILLINOIS. 

By  tills  voluntary  display  of  confidence  he  hoped  to  remove  the 
jealousy  created  in  the  minds  of  the  Illinois  by  the  enemies  of  La- 
Salle.     Here  he  awaited,  uinnulested,  the  return  of  LaSalle. 

GREAT     BATTI.K     OF     THE     ILLINOIS. 

Neither  Tonti  nor  his  wild  associates  suspected  tliat  honles  of  Iro- 
quois    were    Leathering    preparatory    to    rushing  down   upon  their 
country  and  reducing  it  to  an  uninhabited  waste.     Already  these 
hell-hounds  of  the  wiKlerness  hat!  destroyed  the  Ilurons,  Eries,  and 
other  natives  on  the  lakes,  and  were  now  directing  their  attention 
to  the  Illinois  for  new  victims.     Five  hundred   Iroquois  warnore 
Bet  out  for  the  home  of  the  Illinois.     All  was  fancied  security  and 
idle  repose  in  the  great  town  ol   this  tril)e,  ti»  the  enemy  stealthily 
ap])roa('hetl.     Suddenly  as  a  clap  <»f  thunder  from  a  cloudless  sky 
the    listless    inhabitants   were   awakene»l   from   their   lethargy.     A 
Shawnee   Indian,  on  his  return  home  after  a  visit  to  the  Illinois, 
first  discovered  the  invaders.     To  save  his  friends  from  *  the  im- 
pending  dangt»r,  he  hurrietlly  returned  and  apprised  them  of  the 
coming  enemy.     This  intelligence  spread  with  lightning  rapidity 
over  the  town,  and  each  wigwam  disgt»rged   its  boistenms  and  as- 
tounded inmates.    Women  snatchc<l  their  children,  and  in  a  delirium 
of  f.ight  wandered  aimleasly   alxuit,   rending   the  air  with   their 
Bcix'ams.     The  men,  more  self-jKissessed,  seized  their  arms  readj 
for  the  coming  fniy.     T<»nti,  long  an  ol»ject  of  suspicion,  was  soon 
8urrounde«l  by  an  angry  crowd  of  warriors,  who  accused  him  of  l>c- 
injr  an  emissary  of  the  enemv.     His  inabilitv  to   defend  himself 
})ruj)erly,  in  conse<juence  of  not  fully  iinderstunding  their  language 
left  them  still  inclined  to  believe  him  guilty,  and  they  seized  his 
effects  from  the  fort  and  threw  them  into  the  river.     The  women 
and  children  were  sent  down  the  river  for  safety,  and   the  warriors, 
not  exceeding  four  hundred,  as  most  of  their  young  men  were  off 
hunting,  returned  to  the  village.     Along  the  shores  of  the  river 
they  kindled  huge  bonfires,  and  spent  the  entire  night  in  greasing 
their  bodies,  painting  their  faces,  and  j)erforming  the  war-dance, 
to  j^ropare  for  the  approaching  enemy.     At  early  dawn  the  scout« 
who  had   been  sent  out  returned,  closely  followe<l   by  the  Iroquois. 
The  sootits  had  seen  a  chief  arrayed  in  French  costume,  and  re- 
ported their  suspicions  that  LaSalle  was  in  the  camp  of  the  eneujy, 
and  Tonti  again  became  an  object  of  jealousy.     A  concourse  of 
wildly  gesticulating  savages  immediately  gathered  about  him,  de- 


IIISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  35 

manding  his  life,  and  nothing  saved  him  from  their  uplifted  weap- 
ons but  a  promise  that  he  and  his  men  would  go  with  them  to  meet 
the  enemy.  With  their  suspicions  partly  lulled,  they  hurriedly 
crossed  the  river  and  met  the  foe,  when  both  commenced  tiring. 
Tonti,  seeing  that  the  Illinois  were  outnumbered  and  likely  to 
be  defeated,  determined,  at  the  imminent  risk  of  his  life,  to  stay 
the  fight  by  an  attempt  at  mediation.  Presuming  on  the  treaty  of 
peace  then  existing  between  the  French  and  Iroquois,  he  exchanged 
his  gun  for  a  belt  of  wampum  and  advanced  to  meet  the  savage 
multitude,  attended  by  three  companions,  who,  being  unnecessarily 
exposed  to  danger,  were  dismissed,  and  he  proceeded  alone.  A 
short  walk  brought  him  iu  the  midst  of  a  pack  of  yelping  devils, 
writhing  and  distorted  with  fiendish  rage,  and  impatient  to  shed 
his  blood.  As  the  result  of  his  swarthy  Italian  complexion  and 
half-savage  costume,  he  was  at  first  taken  for  an  Indian,  and  before 
the  mistake  was  discovered  a  young  warrior  approached  and  stabbed 
at  his  heart.  Fortunately  the  blade  was  turned  aside  by  coming 
in  contact  with  a  rib,  yet  a  large  flesh  wound  was  inflicted,  which 
bled  profusely.  At  this  juncture  a  chief  discovered  his  true  char- 
acter, and  he  was  led  to  the  rear  and  efforts  were  made  to  staunch 
his  wound.  When  sufiiciently  recovered,  he  declared  the  Illinois 
were  under  the  protection  of  the  French,  and  demanded,  in  consid- 
eration of  the  treaty  between  the  latter  and  the  Iroquois,  that  they 
should  be  suffered  to  remain  without  further  mo-lestation,  Durinjr 
this  conference  a  young  warrior  snatched  Tonti's  hat,  and,  fleeing 
with  it  to  the  front,  held  it  aloft  on  the  end  of  his  gun  in  view  of 
the  Illinois.  The  latter,  judging  that  Tonti  had  been  killed, 
renewed  the  fis^ht  with  great  vigor.  Simultaneouslv,  intelliorence 
was  brought  to  the  Iroquois  that  Frenchmen  were  assisting  their 
enemies  in  the  fight,  when  the  contest  over  Tonti  was  renewed 
with  redoubled  fury.  Some  declared  that  he  should  be  immediately 
put  to  death,  while  others,  friendly  to  LaSalle,  with  equal  earnest- 
ness demanded  that  he  should  be  set  at  libertv.  Durinir  their 
clamorous  debate,  his  hair  was  several  times  lifted  by  a  huge  sav- 
age who  stood  at  his  back  with  a  scalping  knife  ready  for  execution. 
Tonti  at  length  turned  the  current  of  the  angry  controversy  in  his 
favor,  by  stating  that  the  Illinois  were  1,200  strong,  and  that  there 
were  60  Frenchmen  at  the  village  ready  to  assist  them.  This  state- 
ment obtained  at  least  a  partial  credence,  and  his  tormentors  now 


3C  HlblOKY    (iK    ILLINOIS. 

determined  to  use  liim  as  an  instrument  to  delude  the  Illinois  with  a 
pretended  truce.  The  old  warriors,  therefore,  advanced  to  the  front 
and  ordered  the  firing  to  ceaoe,  while  Tonti,  dizzy  from  the  losd  ot 
blood,  was  furnished  with  an  emblem  of  peace  and  sent  staggering 
across  the  plain  to  rejoin  the  Illinois.  The  two  friars  who  had  just 
returned  from  a  distant  hut,  whither  they  had  rcjiaired  for  prayer 
and  meditation,  were  the  first  to  meet  him  and  bless  (tod  for  what 
they  regarded  as  a  miraculous  deliverance.  With  tlie  ansurance 
brought  by  Tonti,  the  Illinois  re-crossetl  the  river  tt)  their  lodges, 
followed  by  the  enemy  as  far  as  the  opjwsite  bank.  Not  K»ng  after, 
large  numbers  of  the  latter,  under  the  pretext  of  hunting,  als<tcros6e<l 
the  river  and  hung  in  threatening  grou|»B  about  the  town.  These 
hostile  indiciitions.and  the  well-known  disregard  which  the  Iroquois 
had  always  evinced  for  their  ple<lges,  Boon  convinced  the  Illinois 
that  their  only  safety  wa«  in  flight.  With  this  conviction  they  set 
tire  to  their  village,  and  while  the  vast  volume  of  flames  and  smoko 
diverted  the  attention  of  the  cyiemy,  they  (piictly  drop|x;d  down  tlio 
river  t<»join  tlieir  women  and  chiMren.  As  soon  lis  the  flames  would 
permit,  the  Inxpjois  entrenched  themselves  on  tlie  site  of  the  vil- 
lage. Tonti  ami  his  men  were  ordered  by  the  suspicious  savages 
to  leave  their  hut  and  tjike  up  their  abode  in  the  fort. 

At  first  the  Inujuois  were  much  elated  at  the  discomflture  of  the 
Illinois,  but  when  two  days  afterward  they  discovered  them  recon- 
noitering  their  iutrenchtncnts,  their  courage  greatly  subsided. 
With  fear  they  recallcxi  the  exaggerations  of  Tonti  respecting  their 
numbers,  and  concludetl  to  send  him  with  a  hostage  to  make  over- 
tures of  peace.  He  aiul  his  liostago  were  received  with  dilight  by 
the  Illinois,  who  readily  assented  to  the  pro*j>osal  which  iiebnmght, 
and  ir>  turn  sent  back  with  him  a  hostage  to  the  Irm^uois.  On  his 
return  to  the  fort  his  life  was  again  jdaced  in  jeopardv,  and  tlie 
treaty  was  with  great  difficulty  ratifieil.  The  young  and  inexpe- 
rienced Illinois  hostage  betrayed  to  his  crafty  interviewers  the  nu- 
merical weakness  of  his  trilK',  and  the  savages  immediately  rushed 
uponTonti,and  charged  him  with  having  deprived  them  of  the  spoils 
and  honors  of  victory.  It  now  recjuired  all  the  tact  of  which  he  was 
master  to  escape.  At'tcr  much  difficulty  however,  the  treatv  was  con- 
cluded, but  the  savages,  to  show  their  contempt  for  it,  iramediatelv 
commenced  constructing  canoes  in  which  to  descend  the  river  and 
attack  the  Illinois. 


■^OiiUSS^ 


AN    IROQUOIS    CIIIKK. 


UI8TOKV    OF    ILLINOIS.  39 


FRENCHMEN     DRIVEN    AWAY. 


Tonti  managed  to  apprise  the  latter  of  their  designs,  and  he  and 
Meinbre  were  soon  after  summoned  to  attend  a  council  of  the  Iro- 
quois, who  still  labored  under  a  wholesome  fear  of  Count  Frontenac, 
and  disliking  to  attack  the  Illinois  in  the  presence  of  the  French, 
they  thought  to  try  to  induce  them  to  leave  the  country.  At  the 
assembling  of  the  council,  six  packages  of  beaver  skins  were  intro- 
duced, and  the  savage  orator,  presenting  them  separately  to  Tonti, 
explained  the  nature  of  each.  "The  first  two,"  said  he,  "  were  to  de- 
clare that  the  children  of  Count  Frontenac,  that  is,  the  Illinois, 
should  not  be  eaten;  the  next  was  a  plaster  to  heal  the  wounds  of 
Tonti;  the  next  was  oil  wherewith  to  anoint  him  and  Membre, 
that  they  might  not  be  fatigued  in  traveling;  the  next  proclaimed 
that  the  sun  was  bright;  and  the  sixth  and  last  required  them  to 
decamp  and  go  home." 

At  the  mention  of  going  home,  Tonti  demanded  of  them  when 
they  intended  to  set  the  example  by  leaving  the  Illinois  in  the 
peaceable  possession  of  their  country,  which  they  had  so  unjustly  in- 
vaded. The  council  grew  boisterous  and  angry  at  the  idea  that 
they  should  be  demanded  to  do  what  they  required  of  the  French, 
and  some  of  its  members,  forgetting  their  previous  pledge,  declared 
that  they  would  "eat  Illinois  flesh  before  they  departed."  Tonti,  in 
imitation  of  the  Indians'  manner  of  expressing  scorn,  indignantly 
kicked  away  the  presents  of  fur,  saying,  since  they  intended  to  de- 
vour the  children  of  Frontenac  with  cannibal  ferocity,  he  would  not 
accept  their  gifts.  This  stern  rebuke  resulted  in  the  expulsion  of 
Tonti  and  his  companion  from  the  council,  and  the  next  day  the 
chiefs  ordered  them  to  leave  the  country. 

Tonti  had  now,  at  the  great  peril  of  his  life,  tried  every  expedient 
to  prevent  the  slaughter  of  the  Illinois.  There  was  little  to  be  ac- 
complished by  longer  remaining  in  the  country,  and  as  longer  delay 
mio-ht  imperil  the  lives  of  his  own  men,  he  determined  to  depart,  not 
knowinn'  where  or  when  he  would  be  able  to  rejoin  LaSalle.  With 
this  object  in  view,  the  party,  consisting  of  six  persons,  embarked  in 
canoes,  which  soon  proved  leaky,  and  they  were  compelled  to  land 
for  the  purpose  of  making  repairs.  While  thus  employed,  Father  Ri- 
bourde,  attracted  by  the  beauty  of  the  surrounding  landscape,  wan- 
dered forth  among  the  groves  for  meditation  and  prayer.  Not  return- 
ing in  due  time,  Tonti  became  alarmed,  and  started  witlia  compan- 


40  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

ion  to  ascertain  the  cause  of  the  long  delay.  They  soon  discovered 
tracks  of  Indians,  by  whom  it  was  supposed  he  had  been  seized,  and 
guns  were  tired  to  direct  his  return,  in  case  he  was  alive.  Seeing 
nothing  of  him  during  the  day,  at  night  tiiey  built  tires  along  the 
bank  of  the  river  and  retired  to  the  opposite  side,  to  see  who  might 
approach  them.  Near  midnight  a  number  of  Indians  were  seen 
flitting  about  the  light,  by  whom,  no  doubt,  had  been  made  the  tracks 
seen  the  ])reviou8  day.  It  wa.s  afterward  learnetl  that  they  were  a 
band  of  Kickapoos,  who  had  for  several  days  Ijeen  liovering  about 
the  camp  of  tlie  Iro([Uois  in  quest  of  sailps.  They  had  fell  in 
with  the  inoffensive  old  friar  and  scalped  him.  Thus,  in  tlie  Ootii 
year  of  his  age,  the  only  heir  to  a  wealthy  Burgundian  house  per- 
ished under  the  war-club  of  the  savages  for  whoso  salvation  he  had 
renounced  ease  and  attiiience. 

I.NMLM.V.V     lirTCUKKV. 

During  this  tragedy  a  far  more  revolting  one  was  l>eing  enacted 
in  the  great  town  of  Illinois.  The  Iroijuois  were  tearing  open  the 
graves  of  tiie  dead,  and  wreaking  their  vengeance  upon  the  bodies 
maile  hideous  by  putrefaction.  At  this  desecration,  it  is  said,  they 
even  ate  portions  of  the  dead  bodies,  while  subjecting  them  to  every 
indii'iiitv  that  brutal  imto  could  inllict.  Still  unsated  bv  their  hell- 
ish  brutalities,  and  now  unrestrained  by  the  presence  of  the  French, 
they  started  in  pursuit  of  the  retreating  Illinois.  I)jiy  after  day 
they  and  the  oppo.sing  forces  moved  in  cdinpact  array  <h>wn  the 
river,  neither  being  able  to  i'ain  anv  advanta;je  over  the  other.  At 
length  tlie  Inxpiois  obtained  by  fal.sehtlt>d  that  which  number  and 
prowess  denied  them.  They  gave  out  that  their  object  was  to  pos- 
sess tlie  country,  not  by  destroying,  but  by  driving  out  its  present 
inhabitants.  Deceive*!  by  this  false  statement,  the  Illinois  separa- 
ted, some  descending  the  Mississippi  and  others  crossing  to  the 
western  shore.  The  Tamaroas,  more  credulous  tlian  the  rest,  re- 
mained near  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois,  and  were  suddenly  attacked 
by  an  overwhelming  force  of  the  enemy.  The  men  tied  in  dismay, 
and  the  women  and  children,  to  tlie  number  of  700,  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  ferocious  enemy.  Then  f  )llowed  the  tortures,  !)ntch- 
eriesand  burnings  which  only  the  infuriated  and  imbruted  Iroquois 
could  perpetrate.  LuSalle  on  liis  return  discovered  the  half-charred 
bodies  of  women  and  children  still  bound  to  tlie  stakes  where  they 
had  suffered  all  the  torments  hellish  hate  could  devise.  In  addition 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  41 

to  those  wlio  had  been  burnt,  the  mangled  bodies  of  women  and 
children  thickly  covered  the  ground,  many  of  which  bore  marks  of 
brutality  too  horrid  for  record. 

After  the  ravenous  horde  had  sufficiently  glutted  their  greed  for 
carnage,  they  retired  from  the  country.  The  Illinois  returned  and 
rebuilt  their  town. 

TONTI     SAFE     AT    GREEN     BAY. 

After  the  death  of  Ribourde,  Tonti  and  his  men  again  resumed 
their  journey.  Soon  again  their  craft  became  disabled,  when  they 
abandoned  it  and  started  on  foot  for  Lake  Michigan.  Their 
supply  of  provisions  soon  became  exhausted,  and  they  were 
compelled  to  subsist  in  a  great  measure  on  roots  and  herbs. 
One  of  their  companions  wandered  off  in  search  of  game,  and  lost 
his  way,  and  several  days  elapsed  before  lie  rejoined  them.  In  his 
absence  he  was  without  flints  and  bullets,  yet  contrived  to  shoot 
some  turkeys  by  using  slugs  cut  from  a  pewter  porringer  and  a  lire- 
brand  to  discharge  his  gun.  Tonti  fell  sick  of  a  fever  and  greatly 
retarded  the  progress  of  the  march.  Nearing  Green  Bay,  the  cold 
increased  and  the  means  of  subsistence  decreased  and  the  party  would 
have  perished  had  they  not  found  a  few  ears  of  corn  and  some  froz- 
en squashes  in  the  fields  of  a  deserted  village.  Near  the  close  of 
November  they  had  reached  the  Pottawatoraies,  who  warmly  greet- 
ed them.  Their  chief  was  an  ardent  admirer  of  the  French,  and 
was  accustomed  to  say:  "  Tliere  were  but  three  great  captains  in  the 
world, — himself,  Tonti  and  LaSalle."  For  the  above  account  of 
Tonti's  encounter  with  the  Iroquois,  we  are  indebted  to  Davidson 
and  Stuve's  History  of  Illinois. 

lasalle's   return. 

LaSalle  returned  to  Peoria  only  to  meet  the  hideous  picture  of 
devastation.  Tonti  had  escaped,  but  LaSalle  knew  not  whither.  Pass- 
ing down  the  lake  in  search  of  him  and  his  men,  LaSalle  discov- 
ered  that  the  fort  had  been  destroyed ;  but  the  vessel  which  he  had 
partly  constructed  was  still  on  the  stocks,  and  but  slightly  injured. 
After  further  fruitless  search  he  fastened  to  a  tree  a  painting  repre- 
senting himself  and  party  sitting  in  a  canoe  and  bearing  a  pipe  of 
peace,  and  to  the  painting  attached  a  letter  addressed  to  Tonti. 

LaSalle  was  born  in  France  in  1643,  of  wealthy  parentage,  and  edu- 
cated in  a  college  of  the  Jesuits,  from  which  he  separated  and  came 
to  Canada,  a  poor  man,  in  1G66.     lie  was  a  man  of  daring  genius, 


42  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

:ind  outstripped  all  his  competitors  in  exploits  of  travel  and  com- 
merce with  the  Indians.  He  was  granted  a  large  tract  of  land  at 
LaChine,  where  he  established  himself  in  the  fur  trade.  In  l(;r.9 
he  visited  the  head(juarters  of  the  great  Iroquois  confederacy,  at 
Onondaga,  New  York,  and,  obtaining  guides,  explore<l  the  Ohio 
river  to  the  falls  at  Louisville.  For  many  years  previous,  it  mutst 
be  remembered,  missionaries  and  traders  wereoblige<l  to  maki*  tlieir 
way  to  the  Northwest  through  Caiuida  on  account  of  the  fierce 
hostility  of  the  Iroijuois  along  the  lower  lakes  and  Niagara  river, 
which  entirely  closed  this  latter  route  to  the  tipper  lakes.  They 
carried  on  their  commerce  chiefly  by  canoes,  paddling  them  through 
Ottawa  river  to  Lake  Nipissing,  airrying  them  across  the  jM)rtage 
to  Frt'iK-h  river,  and  descending  that  to  Lake  Huron.  This  being 
the  route  by  which  they  reached  the  Northwest,  we  have  an  explana- 
tion of  the  fact  that  all  the  earliest  Jesuit  missions  were  established 
in  the  neighborhood  of  tlie  u|>per  lakes.  LaSallo  conceived  the 
grand  idea  of  oj>cning  tlie  route  by  Niagara  river  and  the  lower 
lakes  to  Canada  commerce  by  sail  vessels,  connecting  it  with  the 
navigation  of  the  Mit^sissippi,  and  thus  o|>ening  a  magnificent  water 
communication  from  tlie(iulf  of  St.  Lawrence  to  the  (Julf  of  Mex- 
ico. This  truly  grand  and  comprehensive  purpose  seems  to  have 
aninuite*]  him  in  his  wonderful  achievements,  and  the  matchless 
difticulties  and  hanlships  lie  surmountc<l.  As  the  first  step  in  the 
acc4^>mplishment  of  this  object  he  establishc<l  himself  on  Lake 
Ontario,  and  built  and  g»irrisone<i  Fort  Frontenac,  the  site  of  the 
present  city  of  Kingston,  Caiuula.  Here  ho  obtained  a  grant  of 
land  from  the  French  crown,  and  a  body  of  troops,  by  which  he 
repulsed  the  IriKpiois  and  ojMined  passage  to  Niagara  Falls.  Hav- 
ing by  this  mjusterly  stroke  inmlo  it  safe  to  attempt  a  hitherto 
untried  ex|>edition,  his  next  step,  as  we  have  seen,  was  to  build  a 
ship  with  which  to  sail  the  lakes.  He  was  successful  in  this  under- 
taking, though  his  ultimate  purjwse  was  defeated  by  a  strange  com- 
bination of  unt<»ward  circumstances.  The  Jesuits  evidently  hated 
LaSalle  and  plotteil  against  him,  l)ecause  he  had  abandoned  them 
and  united  with  a  rival  order.  The  fur  traders  were  also  jealous  of 
his  success  in  opening  new  channels  of  commerce.  While  they  were 
plodding  with  their  bark  canoes  through  the  Ottawa,  he  was  con- 
structing sailing  vessels  to  ccunman<l  the  trade  of  the  lakes  and  the 
Missis8ipi)i.     These  great  plans  excited   the  jealousy  and  envy  of 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  43 

small  traders,  introduced  treason  and  revolt  into  the  ranks  of  liis 
men,  and  finally  led  to  the  foul  assassination  by  which  his  great 
achievements  were  permanently  ended. 

lasalle's  assassination. 
Again  visiting  the  Illinois  in  the  year  1G82,  LaSalle  de- 
scended the  Mississippi  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  lie  erected  a 
standard  upon  which  he  inscribed  the  arms  of  France,  and  took 
formal  possession  of  the  whole  valley  of  this  mighty  river  in  the 
name  of  Louis  XIY.,  then  reigning,  and  in  honor  of  whom  he  named 
the  country  Louisiana.  LaSalle  then  returned  to  France,  was 
appointed  Governor,  and  returned  with  a  fleet  of  immigrants  for  the 
purpose  of  planting  a  colony  in  Illinois.  They  arrived  in  due  time 
in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  but  failing  to  find  the  mouth  of  the  Missis- 
sippi, up  which  they  intended  to  sail,  his  supply  ship,  with  the 
immigrants,  was  driven  ashore  and  wrecked  on  Matagorda  Bay. 
With  the  fragments  of  the  vessel  he  constructed  rude  huts  and 
stockades  on  the  shore  for  the  protection  of  his  followers,  calling 
the  post  Fort  St.  Louis.  He  then  made  a  trip  into  New  Mexico 
in  search  of  silver  mines,  but,  meeting  with  disappointment, 
returned  to  find  his  colony  reduced  to  forty  souls.  He  then  resolved 
to  travel  on  foot  to  Illinois.  With  some  twenty  of  his  men  they 
filed  out  of  their  fort  on  the  12tli  of  January,  1G87,  and  after  the  part- 
ing,— which  was  one  of  sighs,  of  tears,  and  of  embraces,  all  seeming 
intuitively  to  know  that  they  should  see  each  other  no  more, — they 
started  on  their  disastrous  journey.  Two  of  the  party,  Du  Haut 
and  Leotot,  when  on  a  hunting  expedition  in  company  with  a 
nephew  of  LaSalle,  assassinated  him  while  asleep.  The  long 
absence  of  his  nephew  caused  LaSalle  to  go  in  search  of  him.  On 
approaching  the  murderers  of  his  nephew,  they  fired  upon  him,  kill- 
ing him  instantly.  They  then  despoiled  the  body  of  its  clothing, 
and  left  it  to  be  devoured  by  the  wild  beasts  of  the  forest.  Thus, 
at  the  age  of  43,  perished  one  whose  exploits  have  so  greatly 
enriched  the  history  of  the  New  World.  To  estimate  aright  the 
marvels  of  his  patient  fortitude,  one  must  follow  on  his  track 
through  the  vast  scene  of  his  interminable  journeyings,  those  thou- 
sands of  weary  miles  of  forest,  marsh  and  river,  where,  again  and 
again,  in  the  bitterness  of  baffled  striving,  the  untiring  pilgrim 
pushed  onward  toward  the  goal  he  never  was  to  attain.  America 
owes  him  an  enduring  memory;  for  in  this  masculine  figure,  cas^ 


44  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

in  iron,  she  sees  the  heroic  pioneer  who  guided  her  to  the  poBscBsion 
of  her  richest  lieritiige. 

Tonti,  who  had  been  stationed  at  tlio  fort  on  the  Illinois,  learning 
of  Lii^alle's  unsuccessful  voyage,  immediately  started  down  the 
Mississippi  to  his  relief.  Ilt'achiiig  the  (iulf,  he  found  no  traces  of 
the  colony,  lie  then  returned,  leaving  some  of  his  men  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Arkansjis.  These  were  discovered  by  the  remnant  of 
LaSalle's  followers,  who  guided  them  to  the  fort  on  the  Illinois, 
where  they  reporte<l  that  LaSjille  was  in  Mexico,  The  little  hand 
left  at  Fort  St.  Louis  were  finally  destroyed  by  the  Indians,  and  the 
murderers  of  LuSjille  were  shot.  Thus  ends  the  sad  ciiapter  of 
liobert  Cavalier  do  LaSalle's  exploration. 

FRENCH  occcrvTioN. 

FIKST     8KTTLEMKNT8. 

The  first  mission  in  Illinois,  as  we  liavo  already  seen,  waa  com- 
menced by  Manjuette  in  April,  ir»75.  He  called  the  religious 
society  which  he  establishetl  the  "Mission  of  the  Immaculate  Con- 
cej)tion,"  and  the  town  Kaskabkia.  The  first  military  occuj»ation  of 
the  country  was  at  Fort  Crcvecanir,  erected  in  I6b0\  but  there  is  no 
evidence  that  a  settlement  was  commenced  there,  or  at  Peoria,  on 
the  lake  above,  at  that  early  date.  The  first  settlement  of  whicli  there 
is  any  authentic  account  was  commenced  with  the  building  of  Fort 
iSt.  Louis  on  the  Illinois  river  in  lGs2;  but  this  was  soon  abatidonetl. 
The  oldest  ])ermanent  settlement,  not  only  in  Illiuijis,  but  in  the  val- 
ley of  the  Mississippi,  is  at  Kaskaskia,  situated  six  miles  alKtvc  the 
mouth  of  the  Kaskju-kia  river.  This  was  settled  in  IGDO  by  the 
removal  of  the  mission  from  old  Kaskaskia,  or  Ft.  St.  Louis,  on  the 
Illinois  river.  Cahokia  was  settled  about  the  same  time.  The 
reason  for  the  removal  of  the  old  Kaskaskia  settlement  and  mission, 
was  prol)ably  because  the  dangerous  and  difficult  route  by  Lake 
Michigan  and  the  Chicago  |)ortage  had  been  almost  abandoned,  and 
travelers  and  traders  traveled  down  and  up  the  Mississippi  by  the 
Fox  and  Wisconsin  rivers.  It  was  removed  U>  the  vicinity  of  the 
Mississippi  in  order  to  be  in  the  line  of  travel  from  Canada  to 
Louisiana,  that  is,  the  lower  part  of  it,  for  it  was  all  Ix)ui8iana  then 
south  of  the  lakes.  Illinois  came  into  possession  of  the  French  in 
1682,  and  was  a  dependency  of  Canada  and  a  part  of  Louisiana. 
During  the  period  of  French  rule  in  Louisiana,  the  population 


HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS.  45 

probably  never  exceeded  ten  thousand.  To  the  year  1730  the  fol- 
lowing five  distinct  settlements  were  made  in  the  territory  of 
Illinois,  numbering,  in  population,  140  French  families,  about  600 
"converted  "  Indians,  and  many  traders;  Cahokia,  near  the  mouth 
of  Cahokia  creek  and  about  five  miles  below  the  present  city  of 
St.  Louis;  St.  Philip,  about  forty-five  miles  below  Cahokia;  Fort 
Chartres,  twelve  miles  above  Kaskaskia;  Kaskaskia,  situated  on  the 
Kaskaskia  river  six  miles  above  its  confluence  with  the  Mississippi, 
and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  near  Fort  Chartres.  Fort  Chartres  was 
built  under  the  direction  of  the  Mississippi  Company  in  1718,  and 
was  for  a  time  the  headquarters  of  the  military  commandants  of 
the  district  of  Illinois,  and  the  most  impregnable  fortress  in  JNorth 
America.  It  was  also  the  center  of  wealth  and  fashion  in  the  West. 
For  about  eighty  years  the  French  retained  peaceable  possession 
of  Illinois.  Their  amiable  disposition  and  tact  of  ingratiating  them- 
selves with  the  Indians  enabled  them  to  escape  almost  entirel}'  the 
broils  which  weakened  and  destroyed  other  colonies.  Whether 
exploring  remote  rivers  or  traversing  huuting  grounds  in  pursuit 
of  game,  in  the  social  circle  or  as  participants  in  the  reWgious  exer- 
cises of  the  church,  the  red  men  became  their  associates  and  were 
treated  with  the  kindness  and  consideration  of  brothers.  For  more 
than  a  hundred  years  peace  between  the  white  man  and  the  red  was 
unbroken,  and  when  at  last  this  reign  of  harmony  terminated  it 
was  not  caused  by  the  conciliatory  Frenchman,  but  b}'  the  blunt 
and  sturdy  Anglo-Saxon.  During  this  century,  or  until  the  coun- 
try was  occujiied  by  the  English,  no  regular  court  was  ever  held. 
When,  in  1765,  the  country  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  English, 
many  of  the  French,  rather  than  submit  to  a  change  in  their  insti- 
tutions, ])referred  to  leave  their  homes  and  seek  a  new  abode. 
There  are,  however,  at  the  present  time  a  few  remnants  of  the  old 
French  stock  in  the  State,  who  still  retain  to  a  great  extent  the 
ancient  habits  and  customs  of  their  fathers. 

THE     MISSISSIPPI     COMPAXr. 

During  the  earliest  period,  of  French  occupation  of  this  country", 
M.  Tonti,  LaSalle's  attendant,  was  commander-in-chief  of  all  the 
territorv  embraced  between  Canada  and  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and 
extending  east  and  west  of  the  Mississippi  as  far  as  his  ambition  or 
imagination  pleased  to  allow.  He  spent  twenty-one  years  in  estab- 
lishing forts  and  organizing  the  first  settlements  of  Illinois.      Sep- 


46  HISTORY   ol-    ll.l.lNt'lN. 

teiiiber  14,  1712,  the  French  g»>verinneiit  gnmtod  a  monopoly  of  all 
the  trade  and  commerce  of  the  country  to  M.  Crozut,  a  wealthy 
merchant  of  Paris,  who  establisiied  a  trading  company  in  lilinoie, 
and  it  was  by  this  means  tiiat  the  early  settlements  became  perma- 
nent and  others  established.  Crozat  surrendered  his  charter  in 
1717,  and  the  Company  of  the  West,  better  known  as  tlie  Missis- 
sippi C(jmpany,  was  organized,  to  aid  and  assist  the  banking  system 
of  John  Law,  the  most  famous  8j)eculati»r  of  modern  tiihes,  and 
perhaps  at  one  time  the  wealthiest  j»rivjite  individual  the  world 
has  ever  known;  but  liis  treasure  wjis  transitory.  I'nder  the 
Company  of  the  West  a  branch  was  organized  chilled  tlie  Cinnpany 
of  St.  Philip's,  for  the  purpose  of  working  thericii  silver  mines  sup- 
posed to  be  in  Illinois,  and  Philip  Ilenault  wiis  apjxjinted  as  its 
agent.  In  1719  he  sailed  from  France  with  two  hundred  miners, 
laborers  and  mechanics.  During  171'.>  the  Company  of  the  West 
was  l>y  royal  order  united  with  tiio  Ri»yal  (\>mpany  of  the  Indies, 
and  had  the  intluence  and  supjxtrt  of  the  crown,  who  waa  deluded 
by  the  belief  that  immense  wealth  would  llow  into  the  cmj>ty  treas- 
ury of  Fratjce.  This  gigantic  scheme,  one  of  the  most  extensive 
and  wonderful  bubbles  ever  blown  up  to  astoni.sh,  deceive  and  ruin 
thousands  of  |>eoplo,  waa  sot  in  oj>eratio!>  by  the  fertile  brain  of 
Juhn  Law.  Law  was  born  in  Scotland  in  1C71,  and  bo  rapid  had 
been  his  career  that  at  the  age  of  twenty-three  lio  waa  a  "  bankrupt, 
an  adulterer,  a  murderer  and  an  exiled  outlaw."  Put  he  {Mjesessed 
greiit  tinancial  ability,  and  by  his  agreeable  and  attractive  manners, 
and  his  enthusiastic  advocacy  of  his  schemes,  he  8uccee<led  in 
intlaming  the  imagination  of  the  mercurial  Frenchmen,  whose  greed 
for  gain  led  them  to  ado})t  any  plans  for  obtaining  wealth. 

Law  arrived  in  Paris  with  two  and  a  half  millions  of  francs, 
which  he  had  gained  at  the  gambling  t;il)le,  just  at  the  right  time. 
Louis  XIV.  hull  just  died  and  left  as  a  legacy  empty  coffers  and  an 
immense  public  debt.  Every  thing  and  everybody  was  taxed  to 
the  last  penny  to  pay  even  the  interest.  All  tlje  sources  of  in- 
dustry were  dried  up;  the  very  wind  which  wafted  the  barks  of 
commerce  seemed  to  have  died  away  under  the  pressure  of  tlie 
tin^e;  trade  stood  still;  the  merchant,  the  trader,  the  artificer,  once 
flourishing  in  affluence,  were  transformed  into  clamorous  beggars. 
The  life-blood  that  animated  the  kingdom  was  stagnated  in  all 
its  arteries,  and  the  danger  of  an  awful  crisis  became  such  tliat 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  47 

the  nation  was  on  the  verge  of  bankruptcy.  At  this  critical  junc- 
ture John  Law  arrived  and  proposed  liis  grand  scheme  of  the 
Mississippi  Company;  '200,000  shares  of  stock  at  500  livres  each  were 
at  first  issuc'l.  This  sold  readily  and  great  profits  were  realized. 
More  stock  was  issued,  speculation  became  rife,  the  fever  seized 
everybody,  and  the  wildest  speculating  frenzy  pervaded  the  whole 
nation,       Illinois   was   thought  to  contain  vast  and  rich  mines  of 

CD 

minerals,  Kaskaskia,  then  scarcely  more  than  the  settlement  of  a 
few  savages,  was  spoken  of  as  an  emporium  of  the  most  extensive 
traflic,  and  as  rivaling  some  of  the  cities  of  Europe  in  refinement, 
fashion  and  religious  culture.  Law  was  in  the  zenith  of  his  glory,  and 
the  people  in  the  zenith  of  their  infatuation.  The  high  and  the  low, 
the  rich  and  the  poor,  were  at  once  filled  with  visions  of  nntold 
wealth,  and  every  age,  set,  rank  and  condition  were  buying  and  selling 
stocks.  Law  issued  stock  again  and  again,  and  readily  sold  until 
2,235,000,0001ivres  werein  circulation,  equaling  about  $450,000,000, 
While  confidence  lasted  an  impetus  was  given  to  trade  never  before 
known.  An  illusory  policy  everywhere  prevailed,  and  so  dazzled 
the  eye  that  none  could  see  in  the  horizon  the  dark  cloud  announc- 
ing the  approaching  storm.  Law  at  the  time  was  the  most  influ- 
ential man  in  Europe.  His  house  was  beset  from  morning  till 
night  with  eager  applicants  for  stock,  Dukes,  marquises  and 
counts,  with  their  wives  and  daughters,  waited  for  hours  in  the 
street  below  his  door.  Finding  his  residence  too  small,  he  changed 
it  for  the  Place  Yendome,  whither  the  crowd  followed  him,  and  the 
spacious  square  had  the  appearance  of  a  public  market.  The  boule- 
vards and  public  gardens  were  forsaken,  and  the  Place  Vendome 
became  the  most  fashionable  place  in  Paris ;^  and  he  was  unable  to 
wait  upon  even  one-tenth  part  of  his  applicants.  The  bubble  burst 
after  a  few  years,  scattering  ruin  and  distress  in  every  direction. 
Law,  a  short  time  previous  the  most  popular  man  in  Europe,  fled 
to  Brussels,  and  in  1729  died  in  Yenice,  in  obscurity  and  poverty. 

ENGLISH  RULE. 

As  early  as  1750  there  could  be  perceived  the  first  throes  of  the 
revolution,  which  gave  a  new  master  and  new  institutions  to  Illi- 
nois, France  claimed  the  whole  valley  of  the  Mississippi,  and  Eng- 
land the  right  to  extend  her  possessions  westward  as  far  as  she 
might  desire.      Through   colonial  controversies   the   two   mother 


4b  mSTuKV    OK    II.1.INUJ8. 

countries  were  precipitated  into  a  bloody   war  within  the  Nortli- 
western  Territory,  Creorge  Washiii<^ton   lirin<^  the  first  '^un  of  the 
military  stru';<i:le  whicli   resulted   in  the  overthrow  of  the   French 
not  only  in  Illinois  but  in  North  America.     The  French  evincetl  a 
determination  to  retain  control  of  the  territory  borderiii;;  the  Ohio 
and  Mississippi  from  C'ana<la  to  the  Gulf,  and  so  lonjj  as  the  En- 
glish colonies  were  contine*!  to  the  sea-coast  there  was  little  reason 
for    controversy.      As   the    Kn^lish,  however,   becHmo    ac(juainted 
with  this  beautiful  and  fertile  portion  of  our  c«>untry,  they  not  only 
learned  the  value  «tf  the  vast  territory,  but  also  rescdveil  to  set  Uj)  a 
counter  claim  to  the  soil.     The  French  establishe*!  numerous  mili- 
tary and   trading  jX)sta  from  the  frontiers  of  Canada  to  New  Or- 
leans, and  in  order  to  establish  also  their  claims  to  jurisdiction  over 
the  country  they  ciirved  the  lilies  of  France  on  the  forest  trees,  or 
sunk   jdates  of  metal    in   the   ground.     These   measures   did  not, 
however,  deter  the   Knglisli  from  going  on  with  their  explorati<»T)s; 
and  though  neither  j)arty   resorted   to  arms,  yet  the  conflict   was 
gathering,   and   it    was  only  a  question  of   time  when  the  Ptorm 
shouUl  burst    Uj>on    the    fn>ntier    settlement.      The   French   based 
their  claims  upon  discoveries,  the  Knglish  on  grarjts  of  territory 
extending  from  ocean  to  ocean,  but  neither  party  paid   the  least 
attention    to   the  jirior  claims  of  the   Indians.     From   this  posi- 
tion  of  affairs,  it   wan  evident   tliat  actual  c^illision  l)etween  the 
coutending  parties  would  not  much  longer  be  deferred.       The  En- 
glish (jovernmctit,  in  anticipation  of  a  war,  urgetl   the  (Jovernor 
of  Virginia  t<»  lose  no   time    in  building  two  forts,   which   were 
e(juipj>cil  by    arms  from    England.      The   French  anticij)ated   the 
English  and  gathered!  a  considerable  force  to  defend  their  {Ktssessions. 
The  Governor  determined   to   send    a    messenger    to    the    nearest 
French  post  and  demand  an  explanation.     This  resolution   of  the 
Governor  brought  into  the  history  of  our  country  for  the  first  time 
the  man  of  all  others  whom  America  most  loves  to  honor,  namely, 
George  Washington.     lie  was  chosen,  althougli  not  yet  twenty-one 
years  of  age,  as  theoneto  i)orform  thisdelicatc  and  diflicult  mission. 
With  five  companions  he  set  out  on  Nov^.  10,  1753,  and  after  a  per- 
ilous journey  returned  Jan.  6,  1754.     The  struggle  commenced  and 
continued  long,  and  was  blootly  and  fierce;  but  on  the  10th  of  Octo- 
ber, 1705,  the  ensign  of  France  was  replaced  on  the  ramparts  of 
Fort  Chartres  by   the  flag  of  Great  Britain.     Tiiis  fort  was  the 


GEN.  GEORGE  ROGERS  CLARK. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  51 

•depot  of  supplies  and  the  place  of  rendezvous  for  the  united  forces 
of  the  Frencli.  At  this  time  the  colonies  of  the  Atlantic  seaboard 
were  assembled  in  preliminary  congress  at  New  York,  dreaming  of 
liberty  and  independence  for  the  continent;  and  Washington,  who 
led  the  expedition  against  the  French  for  the  English  king,  in  less 
than  ten  voars  was  commanding  the  forces  opposed  to  the  English 
tyrant.  Illinois,  besides  being  constructively  a  part  of  Florida  for 
over  one  hundred  years,  during  which  time  no  Spaniard  set  foot 
upon  her  soil  or  rested  his  eyes  upon  her  beautiful  ]>lains,  for  nearly 
ninety  years  had  been  in  the  actual  occupation  of  the  French,  their 
puny  settlements  slumbering  quietly  in  colonial  dependence  on  the 
distant  waters  of  the  Kaskaskia,  Illinois  and  Wabash. 

GEN.    Clark's   exploits. 

The  Northwest  Territory  was  now  entirely  under  English  rule, 
and  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolutionarv  war  the  British  held 
every  post  of  importance  in  the  West.  While  the  colonists  of  the 
East  were  maintaining  a  fierce  struggle  with  the  armies  of  England, 
their  western  frontiers  were  ravaged  by  merciless  butcheries  of  In- 
dian warfare.  The  jealousy  of  the  savage  was  aroused  to  action  by 
tiie  rapid  extension  of  American  settlement  westward  and  the  im- 
pro{)er  influence  exerted  by  a  number  of  military  posts  garrisoned  by 
Uritish  troops.  To  prevent  indiscriminate  slaughters  arising  froin 
these  causes,  Illinois  became  the  theater  of  some  of  the  most  daring 
exploits  connected  with  American  history.  The  hero  of  the  achieve- 
ments by  which  this  beautiful  land  was  snatched  as  a  gem  from 
.the  British  Crown,  was  George  Rogers  Clark,  of  Virginia.  He  had 
closely  watched  the  movements  of  the  British  throughout  the 
Northwest,  and  understood  their  v.'hole  plan;  he  also  knew  the 
Indians  were  not  unanimously  in  accord  with  the  English,  and 
therefore  was  convinced  that  if  the  British  could  be  defeated  and 
expelled  from  the  Northwest,  the  natives  might  be  easily  awed  into 
neutrality.  Having  convinced  hjmself  that  the  enterprise  against 
the  Illinois  settlement  might  easily  eucceed,  he  repaired  to  the  cap- 
ital of  Virginia,  arriving  Nov.  5,  1777.  While  he  was  on  his  way, 
fortunately,  Burgoyne  was  defeated  (Oct.  17),  and  the  spirits  of  the 
colonists  were  thereby  greatly  encouraged.  Patrick  Henry  was 
Governor  of  Virginia,  and  at  once  entered  heartily  into  Clark's 
plans.  After  satisfying  the  Virginia  leaders  of  the  feasibility  of 
his  project,  he  receiv'ed  two  sets  of  instructions, — one  secret,  the 


62  HISTORY    UV    ILLINOIS. 

other  open.  The  hitter  authorized  him  to  enlist  seven  conipaniei^ 
to  go  to  Kentucky,  and  serve  three  months  after  tlieir  arrival  in 
the  Wt'bt.  The  secret  order  authorized  liim  to  arm  the^e  troops, 
to  procure  his  powder  and  lead  of  General  Hand  at  Pittsburg,  and 
to  proceed  at  once  to  suhjugate  the  country. 

UK     TAKt:.S     KASKASKIA. 

With  these  instructions  Col.  Clark  repaired  to  Pittsburg,  choos- 
iiiir  rather  tt>  raise  his  men  west  of  the  mountnins,  as  he  well  knew 
all  were  needed  in  the  cidonies  in  the  conllict  there.  He  sent  Col 
W.  P>.  Smith  to  Ilolstein  antl  Caj»tains  Helm  and  iiowman  to 
other  localities  to  enlist  men;  but  none  of  them  succeeded  in  rais- 
ing the  recjuired  numl>er.  The  settlers  in  these  j»arts  were  afrai(J 
to  leave  their  own  fnvsides  exposed  ti>  a  vigilant  foe,  and  but  few 
couUl  be  induced  to  join  the  exjiedition.  With  these  companies 
and  several  private  volunteers  Clark  commenced  his  descent  of  the 
Ohio,  which  he  mivigated  as  far  as  the  falls,  where  he  took  posees- 
eion  of  and  fortified  Corn  Island,  a  small  island  between  the  present 
cities  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  New  Albany,  Ind.  Here,  after  having 
completed  liis  arningcments  and  anuounccfl  to  the  men  their  real 
destination,  he  left  a  Kinall  garrison;  and  on  the  24th  of  June,  dur- 
ing a  total  eclij)se<»f  the  sun,  which  to  them  augured  no  good,  they 
floated  down  the  river.  His  plan  was  to  go  by  water  a£  far  as  Fort 
Massjic,  and  thence  march  direct  to  Kahkaskia.  Here  he  intended  to 
surjtrise  the  garrison,  and  after  its  caj»ture  go  t«»  Cahokia,  then  to 
Vincennes,  and  la>tly  to  Detroit.  Should  he  fail,  he  intended  to 
march  directly  to  the  Mississippi  river  ami  cross  it  into  theSj>anibh 
country.  Before  his  start  he  received  good  items  of  infornuition: 
one  that  an  alliance  had  been  formed  between  France  and  the  United 
States,  and  the  other  that  the  Indians  throughout  the  Illin«)i8 
country  and  the  inhabitants  at  the  various  frontier  jwsts  had  Iwen  led 
by  the  British  to  believe  that  the  ''  L»ng  Knives,"  or  Virginians, 
were  the  most  fierce,  bloodthirsty  and  cruel  savages  that  ever  6calj)ed 
a  foe.  With  this  impression  on  their  minds,  Clark  saw  that 
proper  management  would  cause  them  to  submit  at  once  from  fear, 
if  surprised,  and  then  from  gratitude  would  become  friendly,  if 
treated  with  unexpected  lenity.  The  march  to  Kaskaskia  was 
made  through  a  hot  July  sun.  they  arriving  on  tlie  evening  of  the 
4th  of  July,  1778.  They  captured  the  fort  near  tlie  village  and 
soon  after  the  village  itself,  by  surprise,  and  without  the  loss  of 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  53 

a  single  man  and  without  killing  any  of  the  enemy.  After  suffi- 
ciently working  on  the  fears  of  the  natives,  Clark  told  them  they 
were  at  perfect  liberty  to  worship  as  they  pleased,  and  to  take 
whichever  side  of  the  great  conflict  they  would;  also  he  would  pro- 
tect them  against  any  barbarity  from  British  or  Indian  foe.  This 
had  the  desired  effect;  and  the  inhabitants,  so  unexj>ectcdly  and  so 
gratefully  surprised  by  the  unlooked-for  turn  of  affaii-s,  at  once 
swore  allegiance  to  the  American  arms;  and  when  Clark  desired 
to  go  to  Cahokia  on  the  6th  of  July,  they  accompanied  him,  and 
through  their  influence  the  inhaljitants  of  the  place  surrendered 
and  gladly  placed  themselves  under  his  protection. 

In  the  person  of  M.  Gibault,  priest  of  Kaskaskia,  Clark  found  a 
powerful  ally  and  generous  friend.  Clark  saw  that,  to  retain  pos- 
session of  the  Northwest  and  treat  successfully  with  the  Indians,  he 
must  establish  a  government  for  the  colonies  he  had  taken.  St.  Vin- 
cent, the  post  next  in  importance  to  Detroit,  remained  yet  to  be 
taken  before  the  Mississi])pi  valley  was  conquered.  M.  Gibault 
told  him  that  he  would  alone,  by  persuasion,  lead  Vincennes  to 
throw  off  its  connection  with  England.  Clark  gladly  accepted  this 
offer,  and  July  Hth,  in  company  with  a  fellow-townsman,  Gibault 
started  on  his  mission  of  peace.  On  the  1st  of  August  he  returned 
with  the  cheerful  intelligence  that  everything  was  peaceably  ad- 
justed at  Vincennes  in  favor  of  the  Americans.  During  the  inter- 
val. Col.  Clark  established  his  courts,  placed  garrisons  at  Kaskaskia 
and  Cahokia,  successfully  re-enlisted  his  men,  and  sent  word  to 
have  a  fort  (which  proved  the  germ  of  Louisville)  erected  at  the 
falls  of  the  Ohio. 

While  tlie  American  commander  was  thus  negotiating  with  the 
Indians,  Hamilton,  the  British  Governor  of  Detroit,  heard  of  Clark's 
invasion,  and  was  greatly  incensed  because  the  country  which  he 
had  in  charge  should  be  wrested  from  him  by  a  few  ragged  militia. 
He  therefore  hurriedly  collected  a  force,  marched  bv  way  of  the 
Wabash,  and  appeared  before  the  fort  at  Vincennes.  The  inhabi- 
tants made  an  effort  to  defend  the  town,  and  when  Hamilton's 
forces  arrived,  Captain  Helm  and  a  man  named  Henry  were  the 
only  Americans  in  the  fort.  These  men  had  been  sent  by  Clark. 
The  latter  charged  a  cannon  and  placed  it  in  the  open  gateway,  and 
the  Captain  stood  by  it  with  alighted  match  and  cried  out,  as  Ham- 
ilton came  in  hailing  distance,  "Halt!"     The  British  oflicer,  not 


54  IIISTUKV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

knowing  the  strengtli  uf  the  garrison,  stopped,  and  demanded  the 
surrender  of  tlje  fort.  Jlehn  exclaimed,  "  No  man  shall  enter  here 
till  I  know  tlie  terms."  Hamilton  res})onded,  "  Voii  shall  liave  the 
honors  of  war."  The  entire  garrison  consisted  of  one  officer  ind  one 
private. 

VINCEXNES    CAITIKED. 

On  taking  Kaskaskia,  Clark  made  a  prisoner  «>f  Rochehlave, 
commander  of  the  place,  and  got  possession  of  all  his  written 
instructions  for  the  conduct  of  the  war.  I'mm  these  ]>ai)er8  he 
received  important  information  res|>ecting  the  plans  of  Col.  Ham- 
ilton, Governor  at  Detroit,  who  was  intending  t<»  make  a  vigorous 
and  concerted  attack  upon  the  iVontier.  After  arriving  at  Vin- 
ceimes,  Imwever,  he  gavu  up  his  intended  campaign  for  the  winter, 
and  trusting  to  his  distance  from  danger  an»l  to  the  difliculty  of 
approaching  him,  sentotf  his  Indian  warriors  to  j>revent  troops  from 
comingdown  theOhio,  and  toatinoy  the  Americans  in  all  ways.  Thus 
hesat  quietly  down  to  pass  the  winter  with  only  alM>ut  eighty  soldiers, 
but  secure,  as  he  thought,  from  molestation.  I'ut  he  evidently  did 
not  realize  tljo  character  of  the  men  with  whom  he  was  contending, 
Clark,  altiiough  ho  could  muster  only  one  hundred  and  thirty  men, 
determined  to  t^iko  advantage  of  Hamilton's  weakness  and  security, 
and  attack  him  as  the  only  means  of  saving  himself;  for  unless  lie 
cajitured  Hamilton,  Hamilton  Would  capture  him.  Accordingly, 
ahout  the  l)eginiiingof  I'Vhruary.  1770,  hedispatched  a  small  galley 
which  he  had  fitted  out,  mounted  with  two  four-|M)unilers  and  fttur 
swivels  and  manned  with  a  company  <if  soldiers,  and  carrying  stores 
for  his  men,  with  oniers  to  force  l»er  way  up  the  Wahash,  to  take 
her  station  a  few  miles  below  Vincennos,  and  to  allow  no  |>crson  to 
pass  lier.  He  himself  marched  with  his  little  band,  and  si>ent  six- 
teen days  in  traversing  the  country  from  Ka-«ka>kia  to  Vinccnnes, 
passing  with  incretlible  fatigue  through  woods  and  marshes.  II.- 
was  five  days  in  crossing  the  bottom  lands  of  the  Wabafh;  and  for 
five  miles  was  frequently  up  to  the  brea>t  in  water.  After  over- 
coming ditlifultiLS  which  had  l>een  thought  insurmountable,  he 
aj»i)eared  before  the  ]»lace  and  completely  surj)ritied  it.  The  inhab- 
itants readily  submitted,  Imt  Hamilton  at  first  defended  l^imself  in 
the  fort.  Next  day,  however,  he  surrendered  himself  and  his  gar- 
rison prisoners-of-war.  By  his  activity  in  encouraging  the  liostili- 
ties  of  the  Indians  and  by  the  revolting  enormities  ]>erpetrated  by 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  Oi> 

those  savages,  Hamilton  had  rendered  himself  so  obnoxious  that  he 
was  thrown  in  prison  and  put  in  irons.  During  his  command  of 
the  British  frontier  posts  he  offered  prizes  to  the  Indians  for  all  the 
scalps  of  the  Americans  thej  would  bring  him,  and  earned  in  con- 
sequence thereof  the  title,  "llair-Bujer  General,"  by  which  he  was 
ever  afterward  known. 

The  services  of  Clark  proved  of  essential  advantage  to  his  coun- 
trymen. They  disconcerted  the  plans  of  Hamilton,  and  not  only  saved 
the  western  frontier  from  depredations  by  the  savages,  but  also 
greatly  cooled  the  ardor  of  the  Indians  for  carrying  on  a  contest  in 
which  they  were  not  likely  to  be  the  gainers.  Had  it  not  been  for 
this  small  army,  a  union  of  all  the  tribes  from  Maine  to  Georgia 
ao-ainst  the  colonies  micrht  have  been  effected,  and  the  whole  current 
of  our  history  changed. 

ILLINOIS. 

COUNTY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

In  October,  177S,  after  the  successful  campaign  of  Col.  Clark,  the 
assembly  of  Virginia  erected  the  conquered  country,  embracing  all 
the  territory  northwest  of  the  Ohio  river,  into  the  County  of  Illi- 
nois, which  was  doubtless  the  largest  county  in  the  world,  exceeding 
in  its  dimensions  the  whole  of  Great  Britian  and  Ireland.  To  speak 
more  definitely,  it  contained  the  territory  now  embraced  in  the  great 
States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Wisconsin  and  Michigan.  On  the 
12th  of  December,  1778,  John  Todd  was  appointed  Lieutenant- 
Commandant  of  this  county  by  Patrick  Henry,  then  Governor  of 
Virginia,  and  accordingly,  also,  the  first  of  Illinois  County. 

NORTHWESTERN  TERRITORY. 

Illinois  continued  to  form  a  part  of  Virginia  until  March  1, 1784, 
when  that  State  ceded  all  the  territory  north  of  the  Ohio  to  the 
(Jnited  States.  Immediately  the  general  Government  proceeded  to 
establish  a  form  of  government  for  the  settlers  in  the  territories 
thus  ceded.  This  form  continued  nntil  the  passage  of  tlie  ordi- 
nance of  1787,  for  the  government  of  the  Northwestern  Terri- 
tory. No  man  can  study  the  secret  history  of  this  ordinance  and 
not  feel  that  Providence  was  guiding  with  sleepless  eye  the  des- 


56  HISTURT   OF    ILLINOIS. 

tinics  of  these  unborn  Stntes.  American  legislation  has  never 
achieved  anything  more  adiniralile,  as  an  internal  government, 
than  thib  coniprehensive  ordinance.  Its  jU'Dvisions  concerning  the 
di^^tribution  of  property,  the  principles  of  civil  and  religious  liberty 
which  it  laid  at  the  foundation  of  the  coinnuinities  since  etjtablihheil, 
and  the  elKcient  and  8inj|)le  i>rganization  b}'  which  it  created  the 
first  machinery  of  civil  society,  are  worthy  of  all  the  praise  that  has 
ever  been  given  them. 

<»RDINAXCE    OF     1787. 

This  ordinance  hiuj  a  marvelous  and  interesting  history.  Con- 
siderable controver»iy  1ms  l)een  indulgeil  in  as  to  who  is  entitled  to 
the  credit  for  framing  it.  This  lielongs,  undoubtedly,  to  ^^athan 
Dane;  ami  to  Kufus  King  and  Timothy  Pickering  belong  the 
credit  for  suggesting  the  proviso  contained  in  it  against  slavery, 
and  also  for  aids  to  religion  and  knowledge,  and  for  assuring  for- 
ever the  common  use,  without  charge,  of  the  groat  national  high- 
ways of  the  Mis.<iinsippi,  the  St.  Lawrence  and  their  tributaries  tu 
all  the  citizens  of  the  Unite<l  States.  To  Thomas  Je(rers<»n  is  al.'^o 
duo  much  cre<lit,  as  some  features  of  this  ordinance  were  embraced 
in  his  onlinancc  of  17>>4.  Htit  the  part  taken  by  each  in  the  long, 
laborious  and  evetitftil  struggle  which  had  so  gI<»rious  a  consum- 
mation in  the  ordinance,  consecrating  forever,  by  one  imprescript- 
ibic  and  unchangeable  monument,  the  very  heart  of  our  country  to 
Frecthmi,  Knowledge,  and  L'nion,  will  forever  honor  the  names  of 
tliose  illustrious  statesmen. 

Mr.  .TetTers<»n  hail  vainly  tried  to  secure  a  system  of  government 
for  the  Northwestern  Territory.  He  was  an  emancipationist  and 
favored  the  exclusion  of  slavery  from  the  territory,  but  the  South 
voted  him  down  every  time  lie  propohcd  a  measure  of  this  nature. 
In  l"*"',  as  late  as  July  UK  an  organizing  act  without  the  anti- 
slavery  clause  was  pending.  This  concession  to  the  S«juth  was 
expected  to  carry  it.  Congress  was  in  8e8^ion  in  New  York.  On 
July  5,  Rev.  Manasseh  Cutler,  of  Massachusetts,  came  into  New 
York  to  lobby  on  the  Northwestern  Territ«iry.  Everything 
seemed  to  fall  into  his  hands.  Events  were  ripe.  Tlie  state  of  the 
public  cretlit,  the  growing  of  Southern  prejudice,  the  batis  of  his 
mission,  his  personal  character,  all  Cfjmbined  to  complete  one  of 
those  sudden  and  marvelous  revolutions  of  public  sentiment  that 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  57 

once  in  five  or  ten  centuries  are  seen  to  sweep  over  a  country  like 
the  breath  of  the  Ahnighty. 

Cutler  was  a  graduate  of  Yale.  He  had  studied  and  taken  de- 
o-rees  in  the  three  learned  professions,  medicine,  law,  and  divinity. 
He  had  published  a  scientific  examination  of  the  plants  of  New 
Eno-land.  As  a  scientist  in  America  his  name  stood  second  only  to 
that  of  Franklin  He  was  a  courtly  gentleman  of  the  old  style, 
a  man  of  commanding  presence  and  of  inviting  face.  The  Southern 
members  said  they  had  never  seen  such  a  gentleman  in  the  North. 
He  came  representing  a  Massachusetts  company  that  desired  to 
purchase  a  tract  of  land,  now  included  in  Ohio,  for  the  purpose  of 
planting  a  colony.  It  was  a  speculation.  Government  money  was 
worth  eighteen  cents  on  the  dollar.  This  company  had  collected 
enough  to  purchase  1,500,000  acres  of  land.  Other  speculators  in 
New  York  made  Dr.  Cutler  their  agent,  which  enabled  him  to 
represent  a  demand  for  5,500,000  acres.  As  this  would  reduce  the 
national  debt,  ar.d  Jefferson's  policy  was  to  provide  for  the  public 
credit,  it  presented  a  good  opportunity  to  do  something. 

Massachusetts  then  owned  the  territory  of  Maine,  which  she  was 
crowding  on  the  market.  She  was  opposed  to  opening  the  North- 
western region.  This  fired  the  zeal  of  Virginia.  The  South  caught 
the  inspiration,  and  all  exalted  Dr.  Cutler.  The  entire  South  ral- 
lied around  him.  Massachusetts  could  not  vote  against  him,  be- 
cause many  of  the  constituents  of  her  members  were  interested 
personally  in  the  Western  speculation.  Thus  Cutler,  making 
friends  in  the  South,  and  doubtless  using  all  the  arts  of  the  lobby, 
was  enabled  to  command  the  situation.  True  to  deeper  convic- 
tions, he  dictated  one  of  the  most  compact  and  finished  documents 
of  wise  statesmanship  that  has  ever  adorned  any  human  law  book. 
He  borrowed  from  Jefi'erson  the  term  "Articles  of  Compact,"  which, 
preceding  the  federal  constitution,  rose  into  the  most  sacred  char- 
acter. He  then  followed  very  closely  the  constitution  of  Massa- 
chusetts, adopted  three  years  before.  Its  most  prominent  points 
were : 

1.  The  exclusion  of  slavery  from  the  territory  forever. 

2.  Provision  for  public  schools,  giving  one  township  for  a  semi- 
nary and  every  section  numl)ered  16  in  each  township;  that  is,  one 
thirty-sixth  of  all  the  land  for  public  schools. 

3.  A  provision  prohibiting  the  adoption  of  any  constitution  or 


58  UISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

the  enactment  of  any  law  that  fhouM  nullif}'  pre-existing  contracts. 
Beit  forever  remembered  that  this  compact  dechired  that ''re- 
ligion, morality,  and  knowledge  being  necessary  to  goud  govern- 
ment and  the  hujipiness  of  mankind,  schools  and  the  means  of  edu- 
cation shall  always  be  encouraged."  Dr.  Cutler  j)Ianted  himself 
on  this  platform  and  would  not  yield,  (iiving  his  unijualitied  dec- 
laration that  it  was  that  or  nothing, — tlmt  unles^s  they  could  make 
the  land  desirable  they  did  not  want  it, — he  to«tk  his  horse  and  buggy 
antl  startetl  for  the  cont>titutional  convention  at  l*hiladelj>hia.  (Jn 
.Inlv  13,  I7s7,  the  bill  was  put  uj>on  its  pa^sagi',  and  was  unani- 
mously adopted.  Thus  the  great  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois, 
Michigan,  and  Wisconsin,  a  vast  empire,  were  consecrated  to  free- 
di»m,  intelligence,  and  morality.  Thus  the  great  heart  of  the  nation 
was  pri'parecl  to  save  the  union  of  States,  for  it  was  this  act  that  was 
the  salvation  of  the  republic  and  the  destruction  of  slavery.  Soon 
the  South  saw  their  great  blunder  aiitl  tried  to  have  the  compact 
repealed.  In  1 803  Congress  referred  it  to  a  committee,  of  wliich 
John  Iianilolj)h  was  chairman.  He  re|M>rted  that  this  ordinanco 
was  a  comj>act  and  opposed  repeal.  Thus  it  stood,  a  rock  in  the 
way  of  the  on-ru^hing  sea  of  slavery. 

SYMI'-VrilY     Wmi     SLAVERY. 

With  all  this  timely  aid  it  was,  however,  a  nn»st  desjKjrate  and 
protracted  .'•truggle  to  keej)  the  soil  of  Illinois  sacred  to  freedom. 
It  was  the  natural  battle-field  for  the  irrvprcfrbible  conllict.  In  the 
Southern  end  of  the  State  slavery  preceded  the  coujpact.  It  ex- 
isted among  the  old  French  settlers,  and  was  hard  to  eradicate. 
That  j>orlion  was  also  settled  from  the  slave  States,  and  this  popu- 
lation brought  their  laws,  customs,  and  institutions  with  them.  A 
stream  of  population  from  the  North  poured  into  the  nortliern  part 
.»f  the  State.  These  sections  misunderstood  and  hated  each  otlier 
jierfectly.  The  Southerners  regarded  the  Yankees  as  a  skinning, 
tricky,  ])enurious  race  of  peddlers,  tilling  the  country  with  tinware, 
brass  clocks,  and  wocnlen  nutmegs.  The  Northerner  thought  of  the 
Southerner  as  a  lean,  l.iiik,  lazy  creature,  burrowing  in  a  hut,  and 
rioting  in  whisky,  dirt,  and  ignorance.  These  causes  aided  in 
making  the  struggle  long  and  bitter.  So  strong  was  the  sympathy 
with  slavery  that,  in  spite  ot  the  ordinance  of  17^7,  and  in  spite  of 
the  deed  of  cession,  it  was  determined  to  allow  the  old  French  set- 
tlers to  retain  their  slaves.     Planters  from  tlie  slave  States  might 


GEN.  ARTHUR  ST.  CLAIR. 


UISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  59 

bring  their  slaves  if  tliey  would  give  them  an  opportunity  to  choose 
freedom  or  years  of  service  and  bondage  for  their  cliildren  till  tl)ey 
should  become  thirty  years  of  age.  If  they  chose  freedom  they 
must  leave  the  State  within  sixty  days,  or  be  sold  as  fu^-itives. 
Servants  were  wliij»i)ed  for  offenses  for  which  white  men  were  fined. 
Each  lash  paid  forty  cents  of  the  fine.  A  negro  ten  miles  from 
home  without  a  pass  was  whipped.  These  famous  laws  were  im- 
ported from  the  slave  States,  just  as  the  laws  for  the  inspection  of 
flax  and  wool  were  imported  when  there  was  neither  in  the  State. 

ST.    CLAIR,    GOVEKXOR     OF     NORTUWESTKRN     TERRITORY. 

On  October  5,  17S7,  Maj.  Gen.  Arthur  St.  Clair  was,  by  Congress, 
elected  Governor  of  this  vast  territory.  St.  Clair  was  born  in  Scot- 
land and  emigrated  to  America  in  1755.  He  served  in  the  French 
and  English  war,  and  was  major  general  in  the  Revolution.  In 
1786  he  was  elected  to  Congress  and  chosen  President  of  that  body. 

ILLINOIS  TERRITORY. 

After  the  division  of  the  Northwestern  Territory  Illinois  became 
one  of  the  counties  of  the  Territory  of  Indiana,  from  which  it  was 
separated  by  an  act  of  Congress  Feb.  3,  1S09,  forming  the  Territory 
of  Illinois,  witlra  ])opulation  estimated  at  9,000,  and  then  included 
the  present  State  of  Wisconsin.  It  was  divided,  at  the  time,  into 
two  counties, — St.  Clair  and  Randolph.  John  Boyle,  of  Ken- 
tucky, was  appointed  Governor,  by  the  President,  James  Madison, 
but  declining,  Ninian  Edwards,  of  the  same  State,  was  then 
appointed  and  served  with  distinction;  and  after  the  organization 
of  Illinois  as  a  State  he  served  in  the  same  capacity,  being  its  third 
Governor. 

WAR  OF   1812.    THE  OUTBREAK. 

For  some  years  previous  to  the  war  between  the  United  States 
and  England  in  1812,  considerable  trouble  was  experienced  with  the 
Indians.  Marauding  bands  of  savages  would  attack  small  settle- 
ments and  inhumanly  butcher  all  the  inhabitants,  and  mutilate 
their  dead  bodies.  To  protect  themselves,  the  settlers  organized 
companies  of  rangers,  and  erected  block  houses  and  stockades  in 
every  settlement.  The  largest,  strongest  and  best  one  of  these  was 
Fort  Russell,  near  the  present  village  of  Edwardsville.  This  stockade 


60  HISTORY    <'F    II.LIMJll>, 

was  made  the  main  rendezvous  tor  tn>op8  and  military  stores,  and 
(tov.  Edwards,  who  during  the  j)erilous  times  ot'lslli,  when  Indian 
iiostilities  threatened  oti  every  hand,  assumed  command  of  tiie  Illi- 
nois forces,  established  his  head(|u:irters  at  this  )>laco.  The  Indians 
were  incited  to  many  of  these  depri'dations  l»y  Kn^lish  emissaries, 
who  for  years  continue<l  their  djistardly  work  of  "setting  the  red 
merj,  like  do^s,  uj»on  the  whites." 

In  the  summer  of  1811  a  |)eac€  convention  waii  held  with  the 
Pottawatomies  at  IVoria,  when  they  promised  that  peace  should 
prevail;  but  their  promises  were  S4>on  broken.  Tecumseh,  the  great 
warrior,  and  tit  successor  of  Pontiac,  started  in  the  spring  of  1*^11, 
to  arouse  the  S«juthern  Indians  to  war  against  the  whites.  The  pur- 
pose of  tliis  chieft^iin  was  well  known  to  Gov.  Harrison,  of  Indiana 
Territory,  who  determininl  during  Tecumseh's absence  to  strikeand 
disjK-rse  the  hostile  forces  collected  at  Tipj>ccanoc.  Tiiis  lie  success- 
fully di«l  on  Nov,  7,  winning  the  sobriquet  of  "  Tij>|>ocant>c,"  by 
which  he  was  afterwards  commonly  known.  Several  jK-aoe  councils 
were  held,  at  which  the  Indians  promised  g«H»d  Ijehavior,  but  only 
to  deceive  the  whites.  Almost  all  the  savages  of  the  Northwest 
were  thoroughly  stirre*!  up  and  did  not  desire  |)eacc.  The  Hritish 
agentii  at  various  {>oints,  in  antici))ation  of  a  war  with  the  United 
States,  souglit  to  enlist  the  favor  of  the  savages  by  distributing  to 
them  large  supplies  of  arms,  ammunition  and  otlier  goods. 

The  £ngli^ll  c«mtinued  their  insults)  to  our  flag  uikui  the  high 
aeas,ai'.d  thcirgovornmcnt  refusing  to  reliiupiish  its  (dierisive  course, 
all  ho]>es  of  peace  and  safe  commercial  relations  were  a)>andone<l, 
and  C<mgress,  on  the  19lh  of  June,  1812,  formally  <leclarcd  war 
against  (<reat  I'ritain.  In  Illimus  the  tlireatene<]  Indian  troubU-s 
had  already  causi-d  a  more  thorough  orgiinization  of  the  militia  ami 
greater  protei't ion  by  the  erection  of  forts.  As  intimatc«l,  the  In- 
dians took  the  war- path  long  l)efore  tl«e  declaration  of  hostilities 
Iwtween  the  two  civilize<l  nations,  committing  great  depredations, 
the  most  atrocious  of  which  was  the 

MASSACKE    AT   FORT    DEARBORN. 

During  the  war  of  1S12  between  the  United  States  and  England, 
the  greatest,  as  well  as  the  most  revolting,  massacre  of  whites  that 
ever  occurred  in  Illinois,  was  j>cr|)etrated  by  the  Pottawatoujie  In- 
dians, at  Fort  Dearlwrn.  This  fort  was  built  by  the  Government, 
in  1804,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Chicago  river,  and  was  garrisoned 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


01 


by  54  men  under  command  of  Capt.  Nathan  Heald,  assisted  by 
Lieutenant  Helm  and  Ensign  Konan;  Dr.  Voorhees,  surgeon.  Tlie 
residents  at  tlie  post  at  that  time  were  tlie  wives  of  officers  lleald 
and  llehn  and  a  few  of  the  soldiers,  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family,  and 
a  few  Canadians.  The  soldiers  and  Mr.  Kinzie  were  on  the  most 
friendly  terms  with  the  Pottawatomies  and  Winuebagoes,  the  prin- 
cipal tribes  around  them. 

On  the  7th  of  August,  1812,  arrived  the  order  from  Gen.  Hull,  at 
Detroit,  to  evacuate  Fort  Dearborn,  and  distribute  all  United  States 
property  to  the  Indians.     Chicago  was  so  deep  in  the   wilderness 


OLD  FORT  DEARBORN. 

that  this  was  the  first  intimation  the  orarrison  received  of  the  dec- 
laration  of  war  made  on  the  19th  of  June.  The  Indian  chief  who 
brought  tlie  dispatch  advised  Capt.  Heald  not  to  evacuate,  and 
tiiat  if  he  should  decide  to  do  so,  it  be  done  immediately,  and  by 
forced  marches  elude  the  concentration  of  the  savages  before  the 
news  could  be  circulated  among  them.  To  this  most  excellent  ad- 
vice the  Captain  gave  no  heed,  but  on  the  12l:h  held  a  council  with 


02  11I8TOUV    la-     ILLINDIS. 

the  Indians,  ap])rising  them  of  the  orders  received,  and  oti'ering  a 
liheral  reward  lor  an  escort  of  Pottawatimues  to  I'ort  Waviie.  The 
Indians,  with  many  profesBioiis  of  friend^hiJ),  assented  to  all  ho 
pro]>o6ed,and  promised  all  lie  reipiircd.  The  remainiiii;  officers  re- 
fused to  join  in  the  council,  for  they  had  been  in fetrmed  that  treach- 
ery was  designed, — that  the  Indians  intended  to  murder  those  in 
the  council,  and  then  destroy  those  in  the  fort.  The  port  lioles  were 
oi)en,  displaying  cannons  pointing  directly  upon  the  council.  This 
action,  it  is  sup])osed,  prevented  a  massacre  at  tliat  time. 

Mr  Kinzie,  who  knew  the  Indians  well,  begged  Capt.  Ileald 
not  to  confide  in  their  promises,  or  distribute  the  arms  and  ammu- 
nitions amojig  them,  for  it  would  only  put  j)ower  in  their  liands  to 
destroy  the  whites.  This  argument,  true  and  e.xcellent  in  itself, 
was  now  certainly  inop]>ortune,  and  would  only  incense  the  treach- 
erous foe.  But  thoCaj)tain  resolved  to  follow  it,  and  accordingly  on 
the  nightof  the  i:Uh,  after  the  distribution  of  the  other  prttperty,  the 
arms  were  itroken,  and  the  barrels  of  whisky,  of  which  there  was  a 
largo  quantity,  were  rolled  quietly  through  the  8ally-j>ort,  their 
heads  knocked  in  and  their  contents  emptied  into  the  river.  On  tliat 
night  the  lurking  red-skins  crept  near  the  fort  and  discovered  the 
destruction  of  tiie  promised  booty  going  on  within.  The  next  morn- 
ing the  powder  was  Been  floating  on  the  surface  of  the  river,  and 
the  Indians  asserted  that  euch  an  abundance  of  "  fire-water"  had 
been  emptied  into  the  river  as  to  make  it  tiiste  "  gn»ggy."  Many 
of  them  drank  of  it  freely. 

On  the  14th  tlie  desponding  garrison  wa.s  somewhat  cheere<l  l»y 
the  arrival  of  Capt.  Wells,  with  15  friendly  Mianiis.  Capt.  Wells 
lieard  at  Fort  Wayne  (»f  tlie  onler  to  evacuate  Tort  Dearborn,  and 
knowing  the  hostile  intentions  ot  the  Indiatis,  nuuie  a  rapid  njarch 
through  the  wilderness  to  j)rotect,  if  |x)ssible,  his  niece,  Mrs.  Ileald, 
and  the  officers  and  tl»c  garrison  from  certain  destruction.  But 
he  came  too  late.  Every  means  for  its  defense  had  been  destroyed 
the  night  before,  and  arrangements  were  made  for  leaving  the  fort 
on  the  following  niorning. 

The  fatal  morning  of  tlie  16th  at  length  dawned  brightly  on  tlic- 
world.  The  sun  shone  in  nncloudcd  splendor  upon  the  glassy  waters 
of  Lake  Michigan.  At  9  a.  m.,  the  party  moved  out  of  the  south- 
ern gate  of  the  fort,  in  military  array.  The  band,  feeling  the  soIom)- 
nity  of  the  occasion,  struck  up   the  Dead   Marcli  in   Saul.     Caj>t. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  63 

Wells,  with  his  face  hlackcned  after  the  manner  of  the  Indians,  led 
the  advance  guard  at  the  head  of  liis  friendly  Mianiis,  the  garrison 
with  loaded  arms,  the  baggage  wagons  with  the  sick,  and  the  women 
and  children  following,  while  the  Pottawatomie  Indians,  about  500 
in  number,  who  had  pledged  their  honor  to  escort  the  whites  in 
safety  to  Fort  Wayne,  brought  up  the  rear.  The  party  took  the 
road  along  the  lake  shore.  On  reaching  the  range  of  sand-hills 
separating  the  beach  from  the  prairie,  about  one  mile  and  a  half- 
from  the  fort,  the  Indians  dctiled  to  the  right  into  the  prairie,  bring 
ing  the  sand-hills  between  them  and  the  whites.  This  divergence 
was  scarcely  effected  when  Capt.  Wells,  who  had  kept  in  advance 
with  his  Indians,  rode  furiously  back  and  exclaimed,  "They  are 
about  to  attack  us.  Form  instantly  and  charge  upon  them!" 
These  .words  were  scarcely  uttered  before  a  volley  of  balls  from 
Indian  muskets  was  ])oured  in  upon  them.  The  troops  were  hastily 
formed  into  line,  and  charged  up  the  bank.  One  veteran  of  70  fell 
as  they  ascended.  The  Indians  were  driven  back  to  the  prairie,  and 
then  the  battle  was  waged  by  54  soldiers,  12  civilians,  and  three  or 
four  women — the  cowardly  ATiamis  having  fled  at  the  outset — 
against  500  Indian  warriors.  The  whites  behaved  gallantly,  and 
sold  their  lives  dearly.  They  fought  desperately  until  two-thirds 
of  their  number  were  slain;  the  remaining  27  surrendered.  And 
now  the  most  sickening  and  heart-rending  butchery  of  this  calam- 
itous day  was  committed  by  a  young  savage,  who  assailed  one  of 
the  baggage  wagons  containing  12  children,  every  one  of  which  fell 
beneath  his  murderous  tomahawk.  When  Capt.  Wells,  who  with 
the  others  had  become  prisoner,  beheld  this  scene  at  a  distance,  he 
exclaimed  in  a  tone  loud  enough  to  be  heard  by  the  savages,  "  If 
this  be  your  game,  1  can  kill  too;"  and  turning  his  horse,  started 
for  the  place  where  the  Indians  had  left  their  squaws  and  children. 
The  Indians  hotly  pursued,  but  he  avoided  their  deadly  bullets  for 
a  time.  Soon  his  horse  was  killed  and  he  severely  wounded.  With 
a  yell  the  young  braves  rushed  to  make  him  their  prisoner  and  re- 
serve him  for  torture.  But  an  enraged  warrior  stabbed  him  in  the 
back,  and  he  fell  dead.  His  heart  was  afterwards  taken  out,  cut  in 
pieces  and  distributed  among  the  tribes.  Billy  Caldwell,  a  half- 
breed  Wvandot,  well-known  in  Chicago  long  afterward,  buried  his 
remains  the  next  day.  Wells  street  in  Chicago,  perpetuates  his 
memory. 


64  iiii>ro;n'  ok  Illinois. 

In  this  fearful  combat  women  liore  a  conspicuous  part.  A  wife 
of  one  of  the  soldiers,  who  liatl  Jre{|uently  iieard  tiiat  the  liulians 
subjected  their  prisoners  to  tortures  worse  than  death,  resolved  not 
to  be  taken  alive,  and  continuni  lighting  until  she  was  literally  cut 
to  pieces.  Mr.-,  lluultl  was  an  excellent  equestrian,  anil  an  expert 
in  the  use  of  the  ritie.  She  fought  bravely,  receiving  several  wounds. 
Though  faint  from  loss  of  blood,  she  nnimiged  to  keep  in  her  saddle. 
A  savage  raised  his  tomahawk  to  kill  her,  when  she  looked  him  full 
in  the  face,  and  with  a  sweet  smile  and  gentle  voice  said,  in  his 
own  langujige,  "  Surely  you  will  not  kill  a  scjnaw."  The  arm  of 
of  the  savage  fell,  and  ti>e  life  of  this  heroic  wt>man  was  saved. 
Mrs.  Helm  had  an  encounter  witli  a  <5talwart  Indian,  who  attempted 
to  tomahawk  her.  Springing  to  one  sidi*,  she  received  the  glancing 
blow  i)n  her  shoulder,  and  at  the  same  time  she  seized  the  savage 
round  the  neck  arul  endeavored  to  get  liis  scaljung-knife  which 
hung  in  a  sheath  at  his  breast.  While  she  was  thus  struggling,  she 
was  dragge«l  from  liis  grasp  by  another  and  an  older  Imlian.  The 
latter  Iwro  her,  struggling  and  resisting,  to  the  lake  and  plunged 
her  in.  She  soon  jierceivcd  it  was  not  his  intention  to  drown  h«3h, 
because  he  held  her  in  such  a  |>osition  as  to  keep  iier  head  out  of 
the  water.  Slio  rceogiiized  him  t«)  lie  a  celebrated  chief  called 
Hlack  Partridge.  When  the  liring  ceased  she  was  conducted  up 
the  sand-bank. 

SLAL'UirrER    OP    PRISONKBB. 

The  ])risoners  were  taken  back  to  the  Indian  camp,  when  a  new 
scene  of  horror  was  enacted.  The  wounded  not  being  included  in 
the  terms  of  the  surrender,  a.s  it  was  interpreted  by  the  Indians, 
and  the  British  general,  Proctor,  having  olfered  a  libenil  bounty  for 
American  sculps,  nearly  all  the  wounded  were  killed  and  sc:ilped, 
and  the  price  of  the  trophies  wjis  afterwards  paid  by  the  Ijritish 
general.  In  the  stipulation  of  surrender,  Caj»t.  Ileald  had  not 
particularly  mentioned  the  wounded.  These  heljiless  sufferers,  on 
reaching  the  In«lian  camp,  were  therefore  regarded  by  tlie  brutal 
savages  as  fit  subjects  Uj>on  which  to  display  their  cnielty  and  satisfy 
their  desire  for  blood.  Referring  to  the  terrible  bntchery  of  the 
prisoners,  in  an  acc»»iint  given  by  ^Irs.  Helm,  she  says:  "An  old 
equaw,  infuriated  by  the  loss  of  friends  or  excited  by  the  sanguin- 
ary scenes  around  her,  seemed  possessed  of  demoniac  fury.  She 
seized  a  stable- fork   and  assaulted  one  miserable  victim,  who  lav 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


00 


groaning  and  writhing  in  the  ai^onies  of  his  wounds,  aggravated  by 
the  scorching  beams  of  the  sun.  With  a  delicacy  of  feeling,  scarcely 
to  have  been  expected  under  such  circumstances,  Wan-bee-nee-wan 
stretched  a  mat  across  two  poles,  between  me  and  this  dreadful  scene. 
I  was  thus  spared,  in  some  degree,  a  view  of  its  horrors,  altliou<,^h  I 
could  not  entirely  close  my  ears  to  the  cries  of  the  sufferer.  The 
following  night  live  more  of  the  wounded  prisoners  were  toma- 
hawked." 

KINZIE    FAMILY     SAVED. 

That  evening,  about  sundown,  a  council  of  chiefs   was  held  to 
decide  the  fate  of  the  prisoners,  and   it  was  agreed  to  deliver  them 


OLD  KINZIE  HOUSE, 


to  the  British  commander  at  Detroit.  After  dark,  many  warriors 
from  a  distance  came  into  camji,  who  were  thirsting  for  blood,  and 
were  determined  to  murder  the  prisoners  regardless  of  the  terms  of 
surrender.  Black  Partridge,  with  a  few  of  his  friends,  surrounded 
Kiuijie's  house  to  protect  the  inmates  from  the  tomahawks  of  the 
bloodthirsty  savages.  Soon  a  band  of  hostile  warriors  rushed  by 
them  into  the  house,  and  stood  with  tomahawks  and  seal  ping-knives, 
awaiting  the  signal  from  their  chief  to  commence  the  work  of  death. 


OG  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

Black  Partridge  said  to  Mrs.  Kinzic:  ""We  are  doing  ever}'tliin<r 
in  our  power  to  save  you,  but  all  is  now  lost;  you  and  jour  friends, 
togetlier  with  all  the  j)risoners  of  the  camp,  will  now  be  slain."  At 
that  moment  a  canoe  was  heard  approaching  the  sht)re,  when  Black 
Partridire  ran  down  to  the  river,  trviny;  in  the  darkness  to  make  out 
the  new  comers,  and  at  the  sauie  time  shoutetl,  "  ^Vho  are  you?'' 
In  the  Ih)W  of  the  ap]iroaching  canoe  stood  a  tall,  manly  persona^, 
with  a  rifle  in  his  hand,  lie  jumj)ed  ashore  exclaiming,  "  I  am 
Sau-ija-nash."  "Then  make  all  speed  to  the  house;  our  friends  are 
in  dantjer,  and  you  only  can  save  them."  It  was  Billy  Caldwell, 
the  half-breed  Wyandot.  lie  hurried  forward,  entered  the  house 
with  a  resolute  step, deliberately  removed  his  accouterments,  placed 
his  ritle  behind  the  door,  and  saluted  the  Iinlians:  "  How  now,  my 
friends!  a  good  day  to  you.  I  was  told  there  were  enemies  here, 
but  am  glad  to  find  only  friends."  Diverted  by  the  coolness  of  his 
manner,  they  were  ashamed  to  avow  their  murderous  purjv)se,  and 
simjily  asked  for  some  cotton  goods  to  wraj)  their  dead,  for  burial. 
And  thus,  by  his  presence  of  mind,  Caldwell  averted  the  murder  of 
the  Kinzie  family  and  the  prisoners.  The  latter,  with  their  wivea 
and  children,  wei-e  dis|>ersed  among  the  Pottawatomie  tribes  along 
the  Illinois,  Ilock  and  Wal)asli  rivers,  and  some  to  Milwaukee. 
The  most  of  them  were  ransomed  at  Detroit  the  following  6j>riiig. 
A  part  of  them,  however,  remained  in  captivity  another  year. 

EXPEDITION     AGAINST    THK     INDIANS. 

By  the  mrddle  of  August,  through  the  disgraceful  surrender  of 
Gen.  Hull,  at  Detroit,  and  tlie  evacuation  of  Port  Dearborn  and 
massacre  of  its  garrison,  the  British  ami  Indians  were  in  jmssession  of 
the  whole  Northwest.  The  savages,  emboldened  by  their  sticcesses, 
penetrated  deejier  into  the  settlements,  committing  great  depre- 
dations. The  activity  and  success  of  the  enemy  arouse*]  the  people 
to  a  realization  of  the  great  danger  their  homes  and  families  were 
in.  (iov.  Kd wards  collecteii  a  force  of  350  men  at  Camp  Russell, 
and  Capt.  Russell  came  from  Vincennes  with  about  50  more.  Being 
ofHcered  and  cfpiipped,  they  proceeded  about  the  middle  of  October 
on  horseback,  carrying  with  them  20  davh'  rations,  to  Peoria.  Ca[>t. 
Craig  was  sent  with  two  boats  up  the  Illinois,  with  provisions 
and  tools  to  build  a  fort.  The  little  army  proceeded  to  Peoria 
Lake,  where  was  located  a  Pottawatomie  village.     They  arrived  late 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  C7 

at  night,  within  a  few  miles  of  the  village,  without  their  presence 
being  known  to  the  Indians.  Four  men  were  sent  out  that  night 
to  reconnoiter  the  position  of  the  village.  The  four  brave  men  who 
volunteered  for  this  perilous  service  were  Thomas  Carlin  (after- 
ward Governor),  and  liobert,  Stephen  and  Davis  Whiteside.  Thej 
proceeded  to  the  village,  and  explored  it  and  the  approaches  to  it 
thoroughly,  without  starting  an  Indian  or  provoking  the  bark  of  a 
dog.  The  low  lands  between  the  Indian  village  and  the  troops  were 
covered  with  a  rank  growth  of  tall  grass,  eo  highland  dense  as  to 
readily  conceal  an  Indian  on  horseback,  until  within  a  few  feet  of 
him.  The  ground  had  become  still  more  yielding  by  recent  rains, 
rendering  it  almost  impassable  by  mounted  men.  To  prevent  de- 
tection, the  soldiers  had  camped  without  lighting  the  usual  camp- 
fires.  The  men  lay  down  in  their  cold  and  cheerless  camp,  with 
many  misgivings.  They  well  remembered  how  the  skulking  sav- 
ages fell  upon  Harrison's  men  at  Tippecanoe  during  the  night.  To 
add  to  their  fears,  a  gun  in  the  hands  of  a  soldier  was  carelessly 
discharged,  raising  great  consternation  in  the  camp. 

AN    INDLVN     KILLED. 

Through  a  dense  fog  which  prevailed  the  following  morning,  the 
army  took  up  its  line  of  march  for  the  Indian  town,  Capt.  Judy 
with  his  corps  of  spies  in  advance.  In  the  tall  grass  they  came  up 
-with  an  Indian  and  his  squaw,  both  mounted.  The  Indian  wanted 
to  surrender,  but  Judy  observed  that  he  '"did  not  leave  home  to  take 
prisoners,'  and  instantly  shot  one  of  them.  With  the  blood 
fitreaming  from  his  mouth  and  nose,  and  in  his  agony  "singing  the 
death  song,"  the  dying  Indian  raised  his  gun,  shot  and  mortally 
wounded  a  Mr.  Wright,  and  in  a  few  minutes  expired.  Many  guns 
were  immediately  discharged  at  the  other  Indian,  not  then  known 
to  be  a  squaw,  all  of  which  missed  her.  Badly  scared,  and  her  hus- 
"band  killed  by  her  side,  the  agonizing  wails  of  the  squaw  were 
heart-rending.  She  was  taken  prisoner,  and  afterwards  restored 
to  her  nation. 

TOWN    BURNED. 

On  rearing  the  town  a  general  charge  was  made,  the  Indians 
fleeiuir  to  the  interior  wilderness.  Some  of  their  warriors  made  a 
etand,  when  a  sharp  engagement  occurred,  but  the  Indians  were 
Touted.     In  their  flight  they  left  behind    all  their  winter's  store  of 


G8  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

provisions,  which  was  taken,  and  tlieir  town  burned.  Some  Indian 
cliildren  were  Ibiuul  who  had  been  left  in  the  hurried  llight,  also 
some  disaljlt'd  achilts,  one  ot"  whom  was  in  a  etarvinjr  condition  and 
with  a  voracious  appetite  ])artook  of  tlie  bread  ^ivcn  him.  lie  is 
said  to  have  been  killed  by  a  cowardly  troojter  stra^^^liu^  l)ehiud, 
after  the  main  army  had  resumed  its  retrograde  march,  who  wanted 
to  be  able  to  boast  that  he  had  killed  an  Indian. 

About  the  time  Gov.  Edwards  started  with  his  little  baud  at^ainst 
the  Indians,  Gen.  Hopkins,  with  2,000  Kentucky  rillemen,  left 
Vincennes  to  cross  the  prairies  of  Illinois  and  destroy  the  Indian 
villages  along  the  Illinois  river.  E«lwards,  with  Ins  rangers,  ex- 
pected to  act  in  c«)ncert  with  (Jen.  Hojjkins'  ritieinen.  After 
marching  80  or  90  miles  into  the  enemy's  country,  GeiL  Hopkins' 
men  became  dissatislied.  and  on  Oct.  20  the  entire  army  turned 
'iiui  retreate<l  homeward  befoi*e  even  a  foe  had  been  met.  After  the 
victory  of  the  Illinois  rangers  they  heard  nothing  of  Gen.  Hopkins 
and  his  2,000  mounted  Kentucky  riflemen;  and  appreliensive  that  a 
large  force  of  warriors  w«)uld  Ix)  speedily  collected,  it  was  <leemed 
prudent  not  to  protract  their  stay,  and  accordingly  the  retrograde 
march  was  commenced  the  very  day  of  the  attm-k. 

PKOKIA     Ul  K.NKI). 

'The  force  of  Capt.  Craig,  in  charge  of  the  pro\4sion  boats,  was 
not  idle  during  this  time.  They  proccetled  to  IVoria,  where  they 
were  tired  on  by  ten  Indians  during  the  night,  who  immediately 
tied.  Capt.  C'r.iig  discovered,  at  daylight,  their  tracks  leading  up 
into  the  French  town.  He  iiKjuiii'd  of  the  French  their  where- 
abouts, who  denied  all  knowledge  of  them,  aj»d  said  they  "  had 
heartl  or  seen  nothing;"  but  he  took  the  entire  number  prisoners, 
burned  and  destroyed  Peori:i,  and  l)ore  the  captured  inhabitants 
away  on  his  boats  to  a  point  l>elow  the  present  city  of  Alton,  where 
lie  landed  and  left  them  in  the  wo<k1s, — men,  women. and  children, — 
in  the  inclement  month  of  November,  without  shelter,  and  without 
food  other  than  tlie  slender  stores  tliey  had  tiiemseives  gathered  up 
before  their  departure.  They  found  their  way  to  St.  Ix)uis  in  an 
almost  starving  condition.  The  burning  of  Peoria  and  taking  its 
inhabitants  prisoners,  on  the  mere  suspicion  that  they  sympathized 
with  the  Indians,  was  generally  regarded  as  a  needless,  if  not 
wanton,  act  of  militarv  i>ower. 


PONTIAC.  THE  OTTAWA  CHIEF. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  71 

SECOND    EXPEDITION     AGAINST    THE    INDIANS. 

In  the  early  part  of  1S13,  the  country  was  put  in  as  good  defense 
as  the  sparse  popuhition  admitted.  In  spite  of  the  precaution  taken, 
numerous  depredations  and  murders  were  committed  by  the  In- 
dians, which  again  aroused  tlie  whites,  and  another  expedition  was 
sent  against  the  foe,  who  had  collected  in  large  numbers  in  and 
around  Peoria.  This  army  was  composed  of  about  900  men,  collect- 
ed from  both  Illinois  and  Missouri,  and  under  command  of  Gen. 
Howard.  They  marched  across  the  broad  prairies  of  Illinois  to 
Peoria,  where  there  was  a  small  stockade  in  chai-ge  of  United  States 
troops.  Two  days  previously  the  Indians  made  an  attack  on  the 
fort,  but  were  repulsed.  Being  in  the  enemy's  country,  knowing 
their  stealthy  habits,  and  the  troops  at  no  time  observing  a  high  de- 
gree of  discipline,  many  unnecessary  night  alarms  occurred,  yet  the 
enemy  were  far  away.  The  army  marched  up  the  lake  to  Chili- 
cothe,  burning  on  its  way  two  deserted  villages.  At  the  present 
site  of  Peoria  the  troops  remained  in  caiiip  several  weeks.  AVhile 
there  they  built  a  fort,  which  they  named  in  honor  of  Gen.  George 
Rogers  Clark,  who  with  his  brave  Virginians  wrested  Illinois  from 
the  English  during  the  Revolutionary  struggle.  This  fort  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  in  1818.  It  gave  a  name  to  Peoria  which  it  wore  tor 
several  years.  After  the  building  of  Fort  Crevecoeur,  in  1680,  Peo- 
ria lake  was  verv  familiar  to  Western  travel  and  historv:  but  there 
is  no  authentic  account  of  a  permanent  European  settlement  there 
until  1778,  when  Laville  de  Meillet,  named  after  its  founder,  was 
started.  Owing  to  the  quality  of  the  water  and  its  greater  salu- 
brity, the  location  was  changed  to  the  present  site  of  Peoria,  and  by 
1796  the  old  had  been  entirely  abandoned  for  the  new  village. 
After  its  destruction  in  1812  it  was  not  settled  again  until  1819, 
and  then  by  American  pioneers,  though  in  1813  Fort  Clark  was 
built  there. 

EXPEDITION     UP    THE    MISSISSIPPI. 

The  second  campaign  against  the  Indians. at  Peoria  closed  with- 
out an  engagement,  or  even  a  sight  of  the  enemy,  yet  great  was  the 
benefit  derived  from  it.  It  showed  to  the  Indians  the  power  and 
resources  of  his  white  foe.  Still  the  calendar  of  the  horrible  deeds 
of  butchery  of  the  following  year  is  long  and  bloody.  A  joint  ex- 
pedition again   moved  against  the  Indians  in   1814,  under  Gov. 


t'2 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


Clark  of  Missouri.  This  time  tliey  went  up  tlio  Mississipiu  in 
l)arges,  Prairie  du  Cliieu  heiui,'  the  point  of  detitiuatioii.  There  they 
found  a  small  garriuon  of  British  troops,  which,  h<)wever,  soon  lied, 
as  did  the  inhabitants,  leaving  Clark  in  full  ]»ossession.  lie  im- 
mediately set  to  work  and  erected  Fort  Shelhy.  The  Governor 
returned  to  St.  Louis,  leaving  his  men  in  peaceable  possession  of 
the  place,  but  a  large  force  of  British  and  Indians  came  down  uj)on 
them,  and  the  entire  garrison  surrendered.  In  the  mean  time  Gen. 
Howard  sent  108  men  to  strengthen  the  garrison.  Of  tliie  number 
06  were  Illinois  rangers,  under  Capts.  Ilector  and  Kiggs,  who  oc- 
cupied two  boats.     The  remainder  were  with  Lieut.  Camjdiell. 

A     I>KS1'KK.\TK     FIOMT. 

At  Rock  Island  Campbell  was  warnctl  to  turn  back,  as  an  attack 
was  contemplated.     The  other  boats  passed  on   uj)  the  river  and 
were  some  two  miles  ahead  when  Campl>eirs  barge  was  struck  by  a 
strong  gale  which  forced  it  against  a  small  island  near  the  lUinoio 
slK.re.     Thinking  it  best  to  lie  to  till   the  wind  abated,  sentinels 
were  st^itioned  while  the  men  went  ashore  to  cook  breakfast.     At 
this   time   a    lar:re   number  of  Indians  on  the  main  shore  under 
Black  Hawk  commencetl  an  atUick.      The  savages  in  canoes  passed 
rapidly  to  the  island,  ami  with  a  war-whoop  rushed  upon  the  men, 
who  retreated  and  sought  refuge  in  the  barge.     A   battle  of  bri.sk 
mnsketrv  now  ensued  between  the  few  regulars  aboard  the  strandtd 
barge  and  the  hordes  of  Indians  under  cover  of  trees  on  the  island, 
with  severe  htss  to  the  former.    Meanwhile  Cajtt.  Ilector  and  Biggs, 
ahead   with  their  barges,  seeing  the  smoke  <jf  battle,  attempte<l  to 
return;  but  in   the  strong  gale  Kiggs' boat   became  unmanageable 
and  was  stranded  on  the  raj>ids.     Ilector,  to  avoid  a  similar  disaster, 
let  go  his  anchor.     The  rangers,  however,  opened  with  good  aim 
and  telling  etfect  upon  the  savages.      The  unequal  combat  having 
raged  for  some  time  and  about  closing,  the  commander's  barge, 
with  many  wounded  and  several  dead  on  board, — among  the  former 
of  whom,  very  badly,  wa.s  Campbell  himself, — was  discovered  to  l>e 
on  tire.    Now  Rector  and  his  brave  Illinois  rangers,  comprehending 
the  horrid  situation,  performed,  witiiout  delay,  as  cool  and  heroic  a 
deed — and  did  it  well — as  ever  imperiled  the  life  of  mortal  man. 
In  the  howling  gale,  in  full  view  of  hundreds  of  infuriated  savages, 
and  within  range  of  their  rifles,  they  deliberately  raised  anchor. 


HISTOKV    Uh'    ILLINOIS.  73 

lightened  their  barge  by  casting  overboard  quantities  of  provisions, 
and  guided  it  with  the  utmost  labor  down  the  swift  current,  to  the 
windward  of  the  burning  barge,  and  under  the  galling  fire  of  the 
enemy  rescued  all  the  survivors,  and  removed  the  wounded  and 
dying  to  their  vessel.  This  was  a  deed  of  noble  daring  and  as 
heroic  as  any  performed  during  the  war  in  the  West.  Rector  hur- 
ried with  his  over-crowded  vessel  to  St.  Louis. 

It  was  now  feared  that  Riggs  and  his  company  were  ca])tured 
and  sacrificed  bv  the  savaijcs.  IIi'">  vessel,  which  was  struiiir  and  well 
armed,  was  for  a  time  surrounded  by  the  Indians,  but  the  whites 
on  the  inside  were  well  sheltered.  The  wind  becoming  allayed  in 
the  evening,  the  boat,  under  cover  of  the  night,  glided  safelj'  down 
the  river  without  the  loss  of  a  sinMe  man. 

STILL    ANOTHER    EXPEDITION. 

Notwithstanding  the  disastrous  termination  of  the  two  expedi- 
tions already  sent  out,  during  the  year  1814,  still  another  was  pro- 
jected. It  was  under  Maj.  Zachary  Taylor,  afterward  President. 
Rector  and  Whiteside,  with  the  Illinoisan,  were  in  command  of 
boats.  The  expedition  passed  Rock  Island  unmolested,  when  it 
was  learned  the  country  was  not  only  swarming  with  Indians,  but 
that  the  English  were  there  in  command  with  a  detachment  of  regu- 
lars and  artillery.  The  advanced  boats  in  command  of  Rector,  White- 
side and  Hempstead,  turned  about  and  began  to  descend  the  rapids, 
fighting  with  great  gallantry  the  hordes  of  the  enemy,  who  were 
pouring  their  fire  into  them  from  the  shore  at  every  step. 

Near  the  mouth  of  Rock  river  Maj.  Taylor  anchored  his  fleet  out 
in  the  Mississippi.  During  the  night  the  English  planted  a  battery 
of  six  pieces  down  at  the  water's  edge,  to  sink  or  disable  the  boats, 
and  filled  the  islands  with  red-skins  to  butcher  the  whites,  who 
might,  unarmed,  seek  refuge  there.  But  in  this  scheme  they  were 
frustrated.  In  the  morning  Taylor  ordered  all  the  force,  except  20 
boatmen  on  each  vessel,  to  the  upper  island  to  dislodge  the  enemy. 
The  order  was  executed  with  great  gallantry,  the  island  scoured, 
manv  of  the  savages  killed,  and  the  rest  driven  to  the  lower  island. 
In  the  meantime  the  British  cannon  told  with  eflfect  u})on  the  fleet. 
The  men  rushed  back  and  the  boats  were  dropped  down  the  stream 
out  of  range  of  the  cannon.  Capt.  Rector  was  now  ordered  with 
hia  company  to  make  a  sortie  on  the  lower  island,  which  he  did, 


74 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


driving  the  Indians  back  among  the  willows;  luit  thev  being  re-in- 
forced,  in  turn  hurled  Kector  back  ujion  the  sand-beach. 

A  council  (tf  otlicers  called  by  Ta\  lor  had  l>y  this  time  decided 
that  their  force  was  too  small  to  contend  with  the  enemy,  wh.» 
outnumbered  them  three  to  one,  and  the  boats  were  in  full  retreat 
down  the  river.  As  Kector  attempted  to  get  under  way  his  bt»at 
grounded,  and  the  savages,  with  demoniac  yells,  surrounded  it, 
when  a  most  desperate  hand-to-hand  conllict  ensueil.  The  gallant 
ranirer.  Sumurl  Whiteside,  ubscrvini;  the  imminent  peril  of  hi.-- 
brave  Illinois  comrade,  went  immediately  to  his  rescue,  who  l)ut  for 
his  timely  aid  would  inidoubtedly  have  been  overpowered,  with  all 
his  fi»rce,  and  munlerud. 

Thus  ended  the  last,  like  the  two  previous  expeditions  up  the 
Mississippi  iluring  the  war  of  1S12,  in  defeat  and  disaster.  Ti»o 
enemy  was  in  undisputed  )io8esgi«ui  of  all  tlie  country  north  of  the 
Illinois  river,  and  the  prosj)Cct8  res|)ecting  those  territories  boded 
nothing  but  gloom.  With  the  approach  of  winter,  however,  Indian 
depredations  ceased  to  be  c.t)mmitte«l,  and  the  j>eace  of  (Jheiit,  Dec. 
24,  1814,  closed  the  war. 

ILLINOIS  AS  A  ^iATE. 


S  OKOANI7.ATI0N. 

In  January  of  181*^  the  Territorial  Legislature  forwarded  to 
Nathaniel  Po|>e,  <lelegate  in  Congress  from  Illinois,  a|>etition  pray- 
ing  for  admission  into  the  national  fiiion  as  a  State.  On  April 
IStli  of  the  wime  year  CVuigress  passed  the  enabling  act,  and  Dec. 
3,  after  the  State  government  had  been  organized  and  Gov.  l*tnu\ 
had  signed  the  Constitution,  Congress  by  a  resolution  declared  Illi- 
nois to  be  "one  of  the  United  States  of  America,  and  admitted  into 
the  Union  on  an  equal  footing  with  the  original  StJites  in  all 
respects." 

The  t)rdinance  of  1787  declared  that  there  should  iKjat  least  three 
States  carved  out  of  the  Northwestern  Territory.  The  boumhiries 
of  the  three,  Ohid,  Indiana  and  Illinois,  were  fixed  by  this  law. 
Congress  reserved  the  power,  however,  of  forming  two  other  States 
out  of  the  territory  which  lies  north  of  an  east  and  west  line  drawn 
through  the  southern  boundary  of  Lake  MichigJin.  It  was  generally 
conceded  tliat  this  line  would  l)e  the  northern  boundary  of  Illinois  ; 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  75 

but  as  this  would  ^ive  the  State  no  coast  on  Lake  Michigan;  and 
rob  her  of  the  port  (^f  Chicago  and  the  northern  terminus  of  the 
Illinois  &  Michigan  canal  which  was  then  contemplated,  Judge 
Pope  had  the  northern  boundary  moved  fifty  miles  further  north. 

BOUNDARY    CHANGED. 

Not  only  is  Illinois  indebted  to  Nathaniel  Pope  for  the  port  where 
now  enter  and  depart  jnore  vessels  during  the  year  than  in  any 
other  port  in  the  world,  for  the  northern  terminus  of  the  Illinois 
&  Michigan  car.al,  and  for  the  lead  mines  at  Galena,  but  the  nation, 
the  undivided  Union,  is  largely  indebted  to  him  for  its  perpetuity. 
It  was  he, — his  foresight,  statesmanship  and  energy, — that  bound 
our  confederated  Union  with  bands  of  iron  that  can  never  be  broken. 
The  geographical  position  of  Illinois,  with  her  hundreds  of  miles 
of  water-courses,  is  such  as  to  make  her  the  key  to  the  grand  arch 
of  Northern  |ind  Southern  States.  Extending  from  the  great  chain 
of  lakes  on  the  north,  with  snow  and  ice  of  the  arctic  region,  to  the 
cotton-fields  of  Tennessee  ;  peopled,  as  it  is,  by  almost  all  races, 
classes  and  conditions  of  the  human  familv  :  miided  bv  the  various 
and  diversified  political,  agricultural,  religious  and  educational 
teachings  common  to  both  North  and  South, — Illinois  can  control, 
and  has  controlled,  the  destinies  of  our  united  and  beloved  republic. 
Pope  seemingly  foresaw  that  a  struggle  to  dissolve  the  Union  would 
be  made.  With  a  prophetic  eye  he  looked  down  the  stream  of  time 
for  a  half  century  and  saw  the  great  conflict  between  the  South  and 
North,  caused  by  a  determination  to  dissolve  the  confederation  of 
States;  and  to  preserve  the  Union,  he  gave  to  Illinois  a  lake  coast. 

Gov.  Ford,  in  his  History  of  Illinois,  written  in  18-17,  while 
speaking  of  this  change  of  boundary  and  its  influence  upon  our 
nation,  says: 

"What,  then,  was  the  duty  of  the  national  Government?  Illinois 
was  certain  to  be  a  great  State,  with  any  boundaries  which  that 
Government  could  give.  Its  great  extent  of  territory,  ita  unrivaled 
fertility  of  soil  and  capacity  for  sustaining  a  dense  population, 
together  with  its  commanding  position,  would  in  course  of  time 
give  the  new  State  a  very  controlling  influence  with  her  sistei" 
States  situated  upon  the  Western  rivers,  either  in  sustaining  the 
federal  Union  as  it  is,  or  in  dissolving  it  and  establishing  new  gov- 
ernments.    If  left  entirely  upon  the  waters  of  these  great  rivers,  it 


76 


HISTORY    tH-     ILLINOIS. 


was  plain  that,  in  case  of  tlirejitened  disruption,  the  interest  of  the 
new  State  would  be  to  join  a  Suuthern  and  , Western  confederacy; 
but  if  a  large  portion  of  it  could  be  made  dependent  upon  the  com- 
merce and  navigation  of  the  great  northern  lakes,  connected  as  they 
are  with  the  Eastern  States,  a  rival  interest  would  be  created  to 
check  the  wish  for  a  Western  and  Southern  confederacy. 

"  It  therefore  became  the  duty  of  the  national  (iovernincnt  not 
only  to  make  Illinois  strong,  but  to  raise  an  interest  inclining  and 
binding  her  to  the  Eastern  ami  Northern  jturtions  of  the  I'nitdL 
This  could  be  d(jne  only  through  an  intere.^t  in  tiie  lakes.  At  that 
time  the  commerce  on  the  lakes  was  small,  but  its  increase  was  ct)n- 
fidently  ixj)ecled,  and,  indeed,  it  has  exceeded  all  anticipations, 
and  is  yet  only  in  its  infancy.  To  accomj)lish  this  object  etVectually, 
it  was  not  oidy  necessary  to  give  h>  Illinois  the  port  of  Ciiiejtgt*  and 
a  route  for  the  canal,  but  a  consiiifrable  ctuist  on  Lake  Michigan, 
with  a  country  back  of  it  sufficiently  extensive  to  contain  a  j)<)pu- 
lation  caj)able  of  exerting  a  decided  intlueoce  ujwnihe  co«incils  of 
the  St;ite. 

"There  would,  therefore,  l.tra  large  commerce  of  the  north,  west- 
ern and  central  j)ortion  of  the  State  afloat  on  the  lakes,  f(»r  it  was 
then  foreseen  that  the  canal  would  be  made;  and  this  alone  would 
be  like  turning  one  of  the  many  mouths  of  the  Mis.Nissippi  into 
Lake  Michigan  at  Chiaigo.  A  very  large  commerce  of  the  center 
and  south  wouhl  be  found  both  upon  the  lakes  and  rivers.  Asso- 
ciations in  business,  in  interest,  and  of  friendship  would  be  f«)rmed, 
both  with  the  North  and  the  South.  A  State  thus  situated,  having 
such  a  decidetl  interest  in  the  commerce,  and  in  the  preservation  of 
the  whole  confederacy,  um  never  consent  to  disunion;  for  tlie  Union 
cannot  be  dissolved  without  a  division  and  disruption  of  the  State 
itself.  These  views,  urged  by  Judge  Pope,  obtained  the  unquali- 
fied assent  of  the  statesmen  of  1818. 

"These  facts  and  views  are  worthv  to  be  recorded  in  histnrv  as 
a  standing  and  ])erjx'tual  call  up(»n  lUinoisans  of  every  age  to 
remember  the  great  trust  which  has  been  reposed  in  them,  as  the 
peculiar  champions  and  guardians  of  the  Union  by  the  great  men 
and  patriot  sages  who  adorned  and  governed  this  country  in  the 
earlier  and  better  days  of  the  Republic." 

During  the  dark  and  trving  davs  of  the  Il^'bellion,  well  did  she 
remember  this  sacred  trust,  to  protect  which  two  hundred  thousand 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  77 

of  lier  sons  went  to  the  bloody  field  of  battle,  crowning  their  arms 
with  the  laurels  of  war,  and  keeping  inviolate  the  solemn  obliga- 
tions bequeathed  to  them  by  their  fathers. 

FIRST    CONSTITUTION. 

In  July  and  August  of  18 IS  a  convention  was  held  at  Kaskaskia 
for  the  purpose  of  drafting  a  constitution.  This  constitution  was 
not  submitted  to  a  vote  of  the  people  for  their  approval  or  rejection, 
it  being  well  known  that  they  would  approve  it.  It  was  about  the 
first  organic  law  of  any  State  in  the  Union  to  abolish  imprisonment 
for  debt.  The  first  election  under  the  constitution  was  held  on  the 
third  Thursday  and  the  two  succeciding  days  in  September,  1818. 
Shadrach  Bond  was  elected  Governor,  and  Pierre  Menard  Lieuten- 
ant Governor.  Their  term  of  office  extended  four  years.  At  this 
time  che  State  was  divided  into  fifteen  counties,  the  population  being 
about  40,000.  Of  this  number  by  far  the  larger  portion  were  from 
the  Southern  States.  The  salary  of  the  Governor  was  $1,000,  while 
that  of  the  Treasurer  was  $500.  The  Legislature  re-enacted,  ver- 
batim, the  Territorial  Code,  the  penalties  of  which  were  unneces- 
sarily severe.  Whipping,  stocks  and  pillory  were  used  for  minor 
ofienses,  and  for  arson,  rape,  horse-stealing,  etc.,  death  by  hanging 
was  the  penalty.     These  laws,  howev^er,  were  modified  in  1S21. 

The  Legislature  first  convened  at  Kaskaskia,  the  ancient  seat  of 
empire  for  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  years,  both  for  the 
French  and  Americans.  Provisions  were  made,  however,  for  the 
removal  of  the  seat  of  government  by  this  Legislature.  A  place  in  the 
wilderness  on  the  Kaskaskia  river  was  selected  and  named  Yandalia. 
From  Vandalia  it  was  removed  to  Springfield  in  the  year  1837. 

DERIVATIOX    OF    TUE    NAME     ILLINOIS. 

The  name  of  this  beautiful  "Prairie  State"  is  derived  from 
Illiiii,  an  Indian  word  signifying  superior  men.  It  has  a  French 
termination,  and  is  a  symbol  of  the  manner  in  which  the  two  races, 
the  French  and  Indians,  were  intermixed  during  the  early  history 
of  the  country.  The  appellation  was  no  doubt  well  applied  to  the 
primitive  inhabitants  of  the  soil,  whose  prowess  in  savage  warfare 
long  withstood  the  combined  attacks  of  the  fierce  Iroquois  on  the 
one  side,  and  the  no  less  savage  and  relentless  Sacs  and  Foxes  on  the 
other.  The  Illinois  were  once  a  powerful  confederacy,  occupying 
the  most  beautiful  and  fertile  region  in   the  great  valley  of  the 


78  mSTOUV    ol'    ILLINOIS. 

Mississippi,  wliicli  their  enemies  coveted  and  stru^'^led  lonir  and 
hanl  to  wrest  from  them.  By  the  fortunes  of  war  they  were  dimin- 
islied  in  nmnl)er  and  tinally  destroyed.  "Starved  Rock,"  on  the 
Illinois  river,  according  to  tradition,  commemorates  their  last  trag- 
edv.  where,  it  is  said,  the  entire  trihe  starved  rather  than  surrender. 

The  low  co<^noinen  of  "Sucker,"  as  ai)plied  to  Illinoisans,  is  said 
to  have  had  its  orii^iH  at  the  Galena  lead  mines.  In  an  early  dav, 
when  these  extensive  mines  were  heing  wt)rked,  men  would  run  up 
the  Mississippi  river  in  steamhoats  in  the  spring,  work  the  lead 
mines,  and  in  the  fall  return,  thusestablishing,  as  wassuppot'cd,  asim- 
ilitude  between  their  migratory  habits  and  those  of  the  fishy  tribe 
called  "Suckers."  For  this  reason  the  Illinoisans  have  ever  since 
been  distinguished  by  the  epithet  "Suckers."  Those  who  stayed 
at  the  mines  over  winter  were  mostly  from  Wisconsin,  and  were 
called  "  Badgers."  One  spring  tiic  Missourians  poured  into  the 
mines  in  such  numl)ers  that  the  State  was  j-aid  to  have  taken  a  puke, 
ami  the  otffusivo  api>ellation  of  "  Pukes"  was  afterward  applied  to 
all  ^fissourians. 

The  southern  part  of  the  State,  known  as  "  Egypt,"  received  this 
api>ellation  because,  being  «dder,  iK'tter  settle*!  and  cultivated,  grain 
was  hail  in  greater  abundance  than  in  the  central  ami  northern  por- 
tion, ami  the  immigrants  of  this  region,  after  the  manner  of  the 
children  of  Israel,  went  "thither  to  buy  and  to  bring  from  theqco 
that  thev  might  live  and  not  die." 

irrATK    BANK. 

The  Ix'gislature,  during  the  latter  years  of  territ<*rial  existence, 
granted  charters  to  several  banks.  'The  result  was  that  paj)er  money 
became  very  abundant,  times  tiush,  and  credit  unlimited;  and  every- 
body investe<i  to  the  utmost  limit  of  his  credit,  with  confident 
expectation  of  realizing  a  handsome  a^lvance  before  the  expiration 
of  his  credit,  from  the  throng  of  immigrants  then  pouring  into  the 
country.  By  ISID  it  becime  apparent  that  a  day  of  reckoning 
would  apjiroach  liefore  their  dreams  of  fortune  could  be  realized. 
Banks  everywhere  bcg:m  to  waver,  pa|)er  money  became  depreci- 
ated, and  gold  and  silver  driven  out  of  tlie  country.  The  Legisla- 
ture sought  to  bolster  up  the  times  by  incorporating  the  "  Bank 
of  Illinois,"  which,  with  several  branches,  was  created  by  the  ses- 
sion of  1S21.  This  hank,  being  wholly  supported  by  the  credit  of 
the  State,  w^s  to  issue  one,  twf»,  three,  five,  ten  and  twenty -d«dlar 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  79 

notes.  It  was  the  duty  of  the  bank  to  advance,  upon  jDersonal  prop- 
erty, money  to  the  amount  of  $100,  and  a  hxrger  amount  upon  real 
estate.  All  taxes  and  public  salaries  could  be  paid  in  such  bills; 
and  if  a  creditor  refused  to  take  them,  he  had  to  wait  three  years 
longer  before  he  could  collect  his  debt.  The  people  imagined  that 
simply  because  the  government  had  issued  the  notes,  they  would 
remain  at  par;  and  although  this  evidently  could  not  be  the  case, 
they  were  yet  so  infatuated  with  their  project  as  actually  to  request 
the  United  States  government  to  receive  them  in  payment  for  their 
pnblic  lands!  Although  there  were  not  wanting  men  who,  like 
John  AEcLean,  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  fore- 
saw the  dangers  and  evils  likely  to  arise  from  the  creation  of  such 
a  bank,  by  far  the  greater  part  of  the  pco])le  were  in  favor  of  it. 
The  new  bank  was  therefore  started.  The  new  issue  of  bills  by  the 
bank  of  course  only  aggravated  the  evil,  heretofore  so  grievously 
felt,  of  the  absence  of  specie,  so  that  the  j^eople  were  soon  com- 
pelled to  cut  their  bills  in  halves  and  quarters,  in  order  to  make 
small  change  in  trade.  Finally  the  paper  currency  so  rapidly  depre- 
ciated that  three  dollars  in  these  bills  were  considered  worth  only 
one  in  specie,  and  the  State  not  only  did  not  increase  its  revenue, 
but  lost  full  two-thirds  of  it,  and  expended  three  times  the  amount 
required  to  pay  the  expenses  of  the  State  government. 

Lafayette's  visit. 

In  the  spring  of  1825  the  brave  and  generous  LaFayette  visited 
Illinois,  accepting  the  earnest  invitation  of  the  General  Assembly, 
and  an  affectionately  written  letter  of  Gov.  Cole's,  who  had  formed 
his  personal  acquaintance  in  France  in  1817.  The  General  in  reply 
said:  "  It  has  been  my  eager  desire,  and  it  is  now  my  earnest  inten- 
tion, to  visit  the  Western  States,  and  particularly  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois. The  feelings  which  your  distant  welcome  could  not  fail  to 
excite  have  increased  that  patriotic  eagerness  to  admire  on  that 
blessed  spot  the  happy  and  rapid  results  of  republican  institutions, 
public  and  domestic  virtues.  I  shall,  after  the  22d  of  February 
(anniversary  day),  leave  here  for  a  journey  to  the  Southern  States, 
and  from  New  Orleans  to  the  Western  States,  so  as  to  return  to 
Boston  on  the  14th  of  June,  when  the  corner-stone  of  the  Bunker 
Ilill  monument  is  to  be  laid, — a  ceremony  sacred  to  the  whole  Union 
and  in  which  I  have  been  engaged  to  acta  peculiar  and  honorable 
part." 


80  UI6TUKY    I'K    ILLINOIS. 

General  LaFayette  and  suite,  attended  by  a  large  delegation  ot 
prominent  citizens  of  Missouri,  made  a  visit  by  the  steamer  Natcli. 
ez  to  the  ancient  town  of  Kaskaskia.  No  military  parade  was 
attempted,  but  a  multitude  of  patriotic  citizens  made  him  welcome. 
A  reception  was  held,  Gov.  Cole  delivering  a  glowing  address  of 
welcome.  During  the  progress  of  a  grand  ball  held  that  night,  a 
very  interesting  interview  took  place  between  the  honored  General 
and  an  Indian  scjuaw  whose  father  had  served  under  him  in  the 
lievolutionarv  war.  The  scpiaw,  learning  that  the  great  white  chief 
was  to  bo  at  Kaskaskia  on  that  night,  had  ridden  all  <lay,  from  early 
dawn  till  sumetime  in  the  night,  from  her  distant  home,  to  see 
the  man  whose  name  had  been  so  often  <>n  her  father's  tongue,  and 
with  which  she  was  so  familiar.  In  identitication  of  her  claim  to 
his  distinguished  act|uaintance,  she  brought  with  her  an  old,  worn 
letter  which  the  (Jeneral  had  written  to  her  father,  and  which  the 
Indian  chief  had  preserved  with  great  care,  and  finally  bequeathed 
on  hid  death-bed  to  his  daughter  as  the  most  precious  legacy  he  had 
to  leave  her. 

By  12  o'clock  at  night  Gen.  LaFayettc  returned  to  his  boat  and 
started  JSuuth.     The  boat  was  chartered  by  the  State. 

EARI.V    GoVKltN'oKf. 

In  the  year  l'^22  the  term  <'i  oiiiLc  oi  lue  tirst  (xorernor,  Shadrach 
Bond,  expiied.  Twt»  parties  sprung  up  at  this  time, — one  favorable, 
the  other  hostile,  to  the  introduction  of  slavery,  each  proposing  a 
candidate  of  its  own  for  Governor.  Both  parties  worked  hard  to 
secure  the  election  of  their  resjMictive  candidates;  but  the  people  at 
large  decided,  as  they  ever  have  been  at  heart,  in  favor  of  a  free 
State.  Edward  Coles,  an  anti-slavery  man,  was  elected,  although  a 
majority  of  the  Legislature  were  opposed  to  him.  The  sul»ject  of 
princii)al  interest  during  his  administration  was  to  make  Illinois  a 
slave  State.  The  greatest  effort  was  made  in  1824,  and  the  propo- 
sition was  defeated  at  thep<»lls  by  a  majority  of  1,800.  The  aggre- 
gate vote  polled  was  11,^12,  l>eing  about  6,000  larger  than  at  the 
previous  State  election.  Afric4\n  slaves  were  first  introduced  into 
Illinois  in  1720  by  Renault,  a  Frenchman. 

Senator  Duncan,  afterward  Governor,  presented  to  the  Legisla- 
ture of  1824-5  a  bill  for  the  support  of  schools  by  a  public  ta.x;  and 
William  S.  Hamilton  presented  another  bill  requiring  a  tax  to  be 


UISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  81 

used  for  the  purpose  of  constructing  and  repairing  the  roads, — both 
of  which  bills  passed  and  became  laws.  But  although  these  laws 
conferred  an  incalculable  benetit  upon  the  public,  the  very  name  of 
a  tax  was  so  odious  to  the  people  that,  rather  than  pay  a  tax  of  the 
smallest  possible  amount,  they  preferred  working  as  they  formerly 
did,  five  days  during  the  year  on  the  roads,  and  would  allow  their 
children  to  grow  up  without  any  instruction  at  all.  Consequently 
both  laws  were  abolished  in  1826. 

In  the  year  1826  the  office  of  Governor  became  again  vacant. 
Ninian  Edwards,  Adolphus  F.  Hubbard  and  Thomas  C.  Sloe  were 
candidates.  Edwards,  though  the  successful  candidate,  had  made 
himself  many  enemies  by  urging  strict  inquiries  to  be  made  into 
the  corruption  of  the  State  bank,  so  that  had  it  not  been  for  his 
talents  and  noble  personal  appearance,  he  would  most  probably  not 
have  been  elected.  Hubbard  was  a  man  of  but  little  personal  merit. 
Of  him  tradition  has  preserved,  among  other  curious  sayings,  a 
speech  on  a  bill  granting  a  bounty  on  wolf-scalps.  This  speech, 
delivered  before  the  Legislature,  is  as  follows:  "Mr.  Speaker,  I  rise 
before  the  question  is  put  on  this  bill,  to  say  a  word  for  my  constit- 
uents. Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  never  seen  a  wolf.  I  cannot  say  that 
I  am  very  well  acquainted  with  the  nature  and  habits  of  wolves. 
Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  said  that  I  had  never  seen  a  wolf;  but  now  I 
remember  that  once  on  a  time,  as  Judge  Brown  and  I  were  riding 
across  the  Bonpas  prairie,  we  looked  over  the  prairie  about  three 
miles,  and  Judge  Brown  said,  '  Hubbard,  look!  there  goes  a  wolf; ' 
and  I  looked,  and  1  looked,  and  I  looked,  and  I  said,  '  Judge,  where?' 
and  he  said,  'There!'  And  I  looked  again,  and  this  time  in  the 
edge  of  a  hazel  thicket,  about  three  miles  across  the  prairie,  I  think 
I  saw  the  wolf's  tail.  Mr.  Speaker,  if  I  did  not  see  a  wolf  that 
time,  I  think  I  never  saw  one;  but  I  have  heard  much,  and  read 
more,  about  this  animal.     I  have  studied  his  natural  historv. 

"By  the  bye,  history  is  divided  into  two  parts.  There  is  first 
the  history  of  the  fabulous;  and  secondly,  of  the  non -fabulous,  or 
unknown  age.  Mr.  Speaker,  from  all  these  sources  of  information 
I  learn  that  the  wolf  is  a  very  noxious  animal;  that  he  goes  prowl- 
ing about,  seeking  something  to  devour;  that  he  rises  up  in  the 
dead  and  secret  hours  of  night,  when  all  nature  reposes  in  silent 
oblivion,  and  tlien  commits  the  most  terrible  devastation  upon  the 
rising  generation  of  hogs  and  sheep. 


82  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

'*  Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  done;  and  I  return  my  thanks  to  the  liousft 
for  tlieir  kind  attention  to  my  remarks." 

Gov.  Edwards  was  a  hir<je  and  well-made  man,  with  a  noble, 
princely  appearance.  Of  him  Gov.  Ford  says:  "  He  never  con- 
descended to  the  common  low  art  of  electioneering.  Whe|iever  he 
went  out  among  the  jKJople  he  arrayed  him(H,'lf  in  the  style  of  a 
gentleman  of  the  olden  time,  dre!?sed  in  tine  hroadcloth,  with  short 
breeches,  long  stockings,  and  high,  fair-t«»pped  l)oots;  was  drawn  in 
a  fine  carriage  driven  by  a  negro;  and  for  success  he  relied  upon  his 
speeches,  which  were  delivered  in  great  i>omp  and  in  style  of  diffuse 
and  florid  eloquence.  When  he  was  inaugunited  in  1S26,  he 
appeared  before  the  CJeneral  Assembly  wearing  a  goldenhiced  cloak, 
and  with  great  pomp  pronounced  his  first  message  to  the  houbcs 
of  the  Legislature." 

OKAMMAK    AVn    COOR    ro.NTR Af^TED. 

Demagogism  had  an  early  'ic\«.iujiiiieiii.  *_)iie  John  Grammar, 
who  was  elected  to  the  Territorial  I>igislature  in  1810,  and  held  the 
{)osition  for  al>out  twenty  ye:ir»,  invcnte^l  the  policy  of  opposing 
every  new  thing,  saying,  "If  it  oucceeds,  no  one  will  ask  who 
voted  against  it:  if  it  proves  afailurc,  ho  could  quote  its  record." 
When  first  honored  with  a  seat  in  the  Ai^sembly,  it  is  said  that 
he  lackeil  the  apparel  necessary  for  a  member  of  the  Legislature, 
and  in  order  to  procure  them  lie  and  his  sons  gathered  a  large 
quantity  of  hazel-nuts,  which  were  taken  to  the  Ohio  Saline  and 
soUi  for  cloth  to  make  a  coat  and  pantaloons.  The  cloth  was  the 
blue  strouding  commonly  used  by  the  Indians. 

The  neighboring  women  as-iombled  to  make  uj)  the  g:irnjents;  the 
cloth  was  measured  every  way, — across,  lengthwise,  and  from  corner 
to  corner,— and  still  was  found  to  l)e  scant.  It  was  at  last  con- 
cluded to  make  a  verv  short,  bob-tailed  coat  an«l  a  long  j)air  of  leg- 
gins,  which  l>eing  finished,  Mr.  Grammar  started  for  the  State 
capital.  In  sharp  contrast  with  Grammar  was  the  character  of  D. 
P.  Cook,  in  honor  of  wliom  C«v»k  county  was  name«l.  Such  was 
his  transparent  inteirrity  and  remarkable  ability  that  his  will  was 
almost  the  law  of  the  State.  In  Congress,  a  young  man  and  from 
a  poor  State,  he  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Ways  and  Means  Com- 
mittee. He  was  pre-eminent  for  standing  by  his  committee,  regard- 
less of  consequences.    Tt  was  his  integrity  tliat  elected  John  Quincy 


llIbTOKV    OF    ILLINOIS.  S3 

Adams  to  the  Presidency.  There  were  four  candidates  in  1824, 
Jackson,  Clay,  Crawford  and  Adams.  There  being  no  choice  by 
the  people,  the  election  was  thrown  into  the  House.  It  was  so  bal- 
anced that  it  turned  on  his  vote,  and  that  he  cast  for  Adams,  elect- 
ing him.  He  then  came  home  to  face  the  wrath  of  the  Jackson 
party  in  Illinois. 

Tiie  first  mail  route  in  the  State  was  established  in  1S05,  This 
was  from  Vincennes  to  Cahokia.  In  lS2-i  there  was  a  direct  mail 
route  from  Vandalia  to  Springfield.  The  first  route  from  the  central 
part  of  the  State  to  Chicago  was  established  in  1S32,  from  Shelby- 
ville.  The  difticulties  and  dangers  encountered  by  the  early  mail 
carriers,  in  time  of  Indian  troubles,  were  very  serious.  The  bravery 
and  ingenious  devices  of  Harry  Milton  are  mentioned  with  special 
commendation.  When  a  bov,  in  1812,  he  conveyed  the  mail  on  a 
wild  French  pony  from  Shawneetown  to  St.  Louis,  over  swollen 
streams  and  through  the  enemy's  country.  So  infrequent  and 
irregular  were  the  communications  by  mail  a  great  part  of  the  time, 
that  to-day,  even  the  remotest  part  of  the  United  States  is  unable  to 
appreciate  it  by  example. 

The  first  newspaper  published  in  Illinois  was  the  IHliiois  Herald^ 
established  at  Kaskaskia  by  Mathew  Duncan.  There  is  some  va- 
riance as  to  the  exact  time  of  its  establishment.  Gov.  Reynolds 
claimed  it  was  started  in  1809.  Wm.  H.  Brown,  afterwards  its 
editor,  gives  the  date  as  181-1. 

In  1831  the  criminal  code  was  first  adapted  to  penitentiary  pun- 
ishment, ever  since  which  time  the  old  system  of  whipping  and 
pillory  for  the  punishment  of  criminals  has  been  disused. 

There  was  no  legal  rate  of  interest  till  1830.  Previously  the  rate 
often  reached  as  high  as  150  per  cent.,  but  was  usually  50  per  cent. 
Then  it  was  reduced  to  12,  tlien  to  10,  and  lastly  to  8  per  cent. 

INDIAN  TROUBLES. 

WINNEBAGO    WAR. 

The  Indians,  who  for  some  years  were  on  peaceful  terms  with 
the  whites,  became  troublesome  in  1827.  The  Winnebagoes,  Sacs 
and  Foxes  and  other  tribes  had  been  at  war  for  more  than  a  hun- 
dred 3'ears.  In  the  summer  of  1827  a  war  party  of  the  "Winnebagoes 
surprised  a  party  of  Chippewas  and  killed  eight  of  them.      Four 


84  mSTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

of  the  munlorerf;  were  arrested  aiul  delivered  to  the  Chippewas, 
l>y  wliuiii  tliey  wore  iiiiinodiHtely  shot.  This  wjis  the  tir^t  irritation 
of  the  Wiiuieba^oes.  Ut«i  llinl,  a  chief  <»f  tliis  tril)L',  in  ordir  tt> 
avenge  the  execution  of  the  four  warriors  of  his  own  jjeople,  attacked 
tl»e  Chippe was,  but  was  defeated;  and  being  detenu inetl  t«j  satisfy 
his  thirst  for  revenge  by  some  means,  surprised  and  killed  several 
white  niefL  Upon  receiving  intelligence  of  these  murders,  the 
whites  who  were  working  the  lead  mines  in  tiio  vicinity  of  Galena 
formetla  body  of  volunteers,  and,  re-inforced  by  a  company  of  United 
States  troops,  marched  into  the  country  of  the  Winnebagoes.  To 
save  their  nation  from  the  miseries  ot  war,  Ited  Hird  and  six  other 
men  of  his  nation  voluntarily  surrendere«l  themselves.  Some  ^f 
the  number  were  executed,  some  of  them  imprisoned  and  tlestined, 
like  lied  Bird,  ingloriously  to  pine  away  within  the  narrow  confines 
of  a  jail,  when  ft>rmerly  the  vait  forests  had  proven  to4j  limited  for 
them. 

JoU.N     KEYNOLDS    KLECTKD    UOVEUNOK. 

In  AuguoL,  1S3(),  another  gubernatorial  election  was  held.  The 
candidates  were  William  Kinney,  then  Lieutenant  Governor,  ami 
John  Ueyiiolds,  formerly  an  A^sociale  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
both  Jackson  Democrats.  The  opposition  brought  forward  no  am- 
didate,  as  they  were  in  a  helpless  minority.  lieynolds  was  the 
successful  candidate,  and  und**r  his  administration  was  the  fatuous 

BLACK  ilAWK   WAR. 

In  the  year  of  18U4  a  tpwity  was  concluded  between  the  United 
Stales  and  the  chiefs  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  nations.  One  old  chief  of 
the  Sacs,  however,  called  Black  Hawk,  who  had  fought  with  great 
bravery  in  the  service  of  Great  Britain  during  the  war  of  lbl2,  had 
always  taken  exceptions  to  this  treaty,  pronouncing  it  void.  In  1831 
be  established  himself,  with  a  chosen  band  of  warriors,  u|X)n  the  dis- 
puted territory,  ordering  the  whites  to  lejive  the  country  at  once.  The 
settlers  complaining,  (iov.  Ileynolds  dispatched  (Jen.  (iaines,  with  a 
company  of  regulars  and  1,500  volunteers,  to  the  scene  of  action. 
Taking  the  Indians  by  surprise,  the  troops  burnt  their  villag<is  and 
forced  them  to  conclude  a  treaty,  by  which  they  ceded  all  lands  east 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  agreed  to  remain  on  the  western  side  of  the 
river.  Necessity  forced  the  proud  spirit  of  Black  Hawk  into 
submission,  which   made  him   more  than   ever  determined  to   Ije 


BLACK  HAWK.  THE  SAC  CHIEF. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  87 

avenged  iipoi:  his  enemies.  Having  rallied  around  him  the  warlike 
braves  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  nations,  he  crossed  the  Mississippi  in  the 
spring  of  1832.  Upon  hearing  of  the  invasion,  Gov.  Reynolds 
hastily  collectP'^  a  body  of  1,800  volunteers,  placing  them  under  the 
command  oi  iJiig-Gen.  Samuel  "Whiteside. 

stillman's  run. 

The  army  marched  to  the  Mississippi,  and  having  reduced  to 
ashes  the  Indian  village  known  as  '-Prophet's  Town,"  proceeded 
for  several  miles  up  the  river  to  Dixon,  to  join  the  regular  forces 
under  Gen.  Atkinson.  They  found  at  Dixon  two  companies  of 
volunteers,  who,  sighing  for  glory,  were  dispatched  to  reconnoiter 
the  enemy.  They  advanced  under  command  of  Maj.  Stillman,  to  a 
creek  afterwards  called  "Stillman's  run;"  and  while  encami)ing 
there  saw  a  party  of  mounted  Indians  at  the  distance  of  a  mile. 
Several  of  Stillman's  party  mounted  their  horses  and  charged  the 
Indians,  killing  three  of  them;  but,  attacked  by  the  main  body 
under  Black  Hawk,  they  were  routed,  and  by  their  precipitate 
flight  spread  such  a  panic  through  the  camp  that  the  whole  company 
ran  oif  to  Dixon  as  fast  as  their  les^s  could  carrv  them.  On  their 
arrival  it  was  found  that  there  had  been  eleven  killed.  The  party 
came  straggling  into  camp  all  night  long,  four  or  five  at  a  time, 
each  squad  positive  that  all  who  were  left  behind  were  massacred. 

It  is  said  that  a  big,  tall  Kentuckian,  with  a  loud  voice,  who 
was  a  colonel  of  the  militia  but  a  private  with  Stillman,  upon  his 
arrival  in  camp  gave  to  Gen.  "Whiteside  and  the  wondering  multi- 
tude the  following  glowing  and  bombastic  account  of  the  battle: 
''Sirs,"  said  lie,  "our  detachment  was  encamped  among  some  scat- 
tering timber  on  the  north  side  of  Old  Man's  creek,  with  the  prairie 
from  the  north  gently  sloping  down  to  our  encampmont.  It  was 
just  after  twilight,  in  the  gloaming  of  the  evening,  when  we  dis- 
covered Black  Hawk's  army  coming  down  upon  us  in  solid  column; 
they  displayed  in  the  form  of  a  crescent  upon  the  brow  of  the  prai- 
rie, and  such  accuracy  and  precision  of  military  movements  were 
never  witnessed  ;>y  man;  they  were  equal  to  the  best  troops  of 
Wellington  in  Spain,  x  have  said  that  the  Indians  came  down  in 
solid  columns,  and  displayed  in  the  form  of  a  crescent;  and  what  was 
most  wonderful,  there  were  large  squares  of  cavalry  resting  upon 
tiie  points  of  the  curve,  which  squares  were  supported  again  by 


88  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

otlier  columns  fifteen  deep,  exteudin;^  buck  thron^li  the  woods  and 
over  a  swaiiijt  tliree-ijuarters  of  a  iiule,  which  uguiii  rested  on  the 
iMJiin  bodv  of  IJlack  lluwk's  annv  bivouacked  upon  tljo  banks  of  the 
Ivishwakee.  It  wa*  a  terrible  and  a  glorious  sight  to  see  the  tawny 
warriors  as  they  rode  along  our  Hanks  atteiujiting  to  outllank  us, 
with  the  g.ittering  inoonl>eanis  glistt-ning  from  their  polished  blades 
and  burnished  sj)ears.  It  was  a  sight  well  calculated  to  strike  con- 
sternation in  the  stoutest  and  boldest  heart;  and  accordingly  our 
men  soon  bi-gan  to  break  in  small  stpuids,  for  tall  timl>er.  In  a 
very  little  time  the  rout  l)ec:ime  gt'iieral,  the  Indians  were  soon 
iijion  our  thinks  and  threatened  the  destruction  of  our  entire  det^ich- 
ment.  About  this  time  Maj.  Stillman,  Col.  Stephenson,  Maj. 
Perkins,  Capt.  Adams,  Mr.  Ilackelton,  and  myself,  with  some 
others,  threw  ourselves  into  the  rear  to  rally  the  fugitives  and  pro- 
tect the  retreat.  liut  in  a  short  time  all  my  comjtanions  fell 
bravily  fighting  hand-to-hand  with  the  savage  enemy,  and  I  alone 
was  left  upon  the  field  of  battle.  Alniut  this  time  I  discovered  not 
far  to  the  lel't  a  corps  of  hitrscincn  whicli  seemed  to  l)e  in  tt»lerable 
order.  I  immediately  deployed  to  the  left,  when,  leaning  down  and 
placing  my  ImkIv  in  a  recuml>cnt  jnisture  upon  the  mane  of  my 
horse  so  as  to  bring  the  heads  of  the  horsemen  l>etwecn  my  eye 
and  ihe  horizon,  I  discovcrcti  by  the  light  of  the  moon  that  they 
were  gentlemen  who  did  not  wear  hal>,  by  which  token  I  knew  they 
were  no  friends  of  mine.  I  therefore  made  a  retrogade  movement 
and  recovered  my  jM>8ition,  where  I  remained  some  time  meditating 
what  I'urther  I  could  do  in  the  service  of  my  country,  when  a  ran- 
dom ball  came  whistling  by  my  ear  and  plainly  whispered  to  me. 
'  Stranger,  you  have  no  further  business  iiere.'  Upon  Ijearing  this  I 
followed  the  exami»le  of  my  companions  in  arms,  and  broke  for 
tall  timber,  and  tlie  wav  I  ran  was  not  a  little.** 

For  a  long  time  afterward  Maj.  Stillnan  and  his  men  were  sub- 
jects of  ridicule  and  merriment,  which  was  as  undeserving  as  their 
expedition  was  disastrous.  Stillman's  defeat  spread  cijnsternation 
throughout  the  State  and  nation.  The  numl)er  of  Indians  was 
greatly  exaggerated,  and  the  name  of  Black  Hawk  carried  with  it 
associations  of  great  military  talent,  savage  cunning  and  cruelty. 

ASSAULT    ON    ATPLK     RIVEK     FoRT. 

A  regiment  sent  to  spy  out  the  country  between  Galena  and  Ruck 
Island  was  surprised  by  a  party  of  seventy  Indians,  and  was  on  the 


JIISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  89 

point  of  being  thrown  into  disorder  when  Gen.  Whiteside,  then 
serving  as  a  private,  shouted  out  that  he  would  shoot  the  first  man 
who  should  turn  his  back  to  the  enemy.  Order  being  restored,  the 
battle  began.  At  its  vei-y  outset  Gen.  AVliiteside  shot  the  leader  of 
the  Indians,  who  thereupon  commenced  a  hasty  retreat. 

In  June,  1832,  Black  Hawk,  with  a  band  of  150  warriors,  attack- 
ed the  Apple  Hiver  Fort,  near  Galena,  defended  by  25  men.  This 
fort,  a  mere  palisade  of  logs,  was  erected  to  afford  protection  to  the 
miners.  For  fifteen  consecutive  hours  the  garrison  had  to  sustain 
the  assault  of  the  savage  enemy ;  but  knowing  very  well  that  no 
quarter  would  be  given  them,  they  fought  with  such  fury  and  des- 
peration that  the  Indians,  after  losing  many  of  their  best  warriors, 
were  compelled  to  retreat. 

Another  party  of  eleven  Indians  murdered  two  men  near  Fort 
Hamilton,  They  were  afterwards  overtaken  by  a  company  of 
twenty  men  and  every  one  of  them  was  killed. 

KOCK  RIVER  EXPEDITION. 

A  new  regiment,  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Atkinson,  assem- 
bled on  tiic  banks  of  the  Illinois  in  the  latter  part  of  J  une.  Maj. 
Dement,  with  a  small  party,  was  sent  out  to  reconnoittr  the  move- 
ments of  a  large  body  of  Indians,  whose  endeavors  to  surruund  him 
made  it  advisable  for  him  to  retire.  Upon  hearing  of  this  engage- 
ment. Gen.  xVtkinson  sent  a  detachment  to  intercept  the  Indians, 
while  he  with  the  main  body  of  his  army,  moved  north  to  meet  the 
Indians  under  Black  Hawk.  They  moved  sluwly  and  cautiously 
through  the  country,  passed  through  Turtle  village,  and  marched 
up  along  Rock  river.  On  their  arrival  news  was  brought  of  the 
discovery  of  the  main  trail  of  the  Indians.  Considerable  search 
was  made,  but  they  were  unable  to  discover  any  vestige  of  Indians 
save  two  who  had  shot  two  soldiers  the  day  previous. 

Hearing  that  Black  Hawk  was  encamped  on  Rock  river,  at  the 
Manitou  village,  they  resolved  at  once  to  advance  upon  the  enemy; 
but  in  the  execution  of  their  design  they  met  with  opposition  from 
their  officers  and  men.  The  officers  of  Gen.  Henry  handed  to  him 
a  written  ]irotest;  but  he,  a  man  equal  to  any  emergency,  ordered 
the  officers  to  be  arrested  and  escorted  to  Gen.  Atkinson.  Within 
a  few  minutes  after  the  stern  order  was  given,  the  officers  all  collected 
atound  tlie  General's  quarters,  many  of  them  with  tears  in    their 


90  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

eyes,  pledging  themselves  tlmt  if  forgiven  they  would  return  to  duty 
jind  never  do  the  like  again.  The  General  rescinded  the  order,  and 
they  at  once  resumed  duty. 

THE    BATTLE  OF    BAD-AXE. 

Gen.  Ilonry  marched  on  the  15th  of  July  in  pursuit  of  the 
Indians,  reaching  Kock  river  after  three  daye'  journey,  where  he 
learned  Black  Hawk  was  encamped  further  up  the  river.  On  July 
10th  the  troops  were  oniered  to  connnence  their  march.  Afier 
havinir  nuule  liftv  miles,  thev  were  overtaken  bv  a  terrible  thunder- 
storm  which  lasted  all  night.  Nothing  cooled,  however,  in  their 
courage  and  zwil,  they  marcheil  again  lifty  miles  the  next  day, 
encamping  near  the  ]ilacu  where  the  Indians  had  encam))ed  the 
night  l)efore.  Hurrying  along  as  fa*t  a*  they  C4»ul<I,  the  inlantry 
keeping  up  an  e<puil  pace  with  the  mounted  foree,  the  troops  on  the 
morning  of  the  •_'l>t  erosse*!  the  river  connecting  two  ot  the  four 
lakes,  by  whieh  the  Indians  hail  Ixjen  endeavoring  to  eswipe.  Thev 
found,  on  their  way,  the  ground  htrewn  with  kettles  and  articles  of 
baggage,  which  the  haste  of  their  retreat  iiad  obliged  the  Indians 
to  throw  away.  The  troops,  in^pi^ed  with  new  ardor.  ailvHiice<l  6o 
rapidly  that  at  noon  they  fell  in  with  the  rear  guard  of  the  Indians. 
Those  who  closely  pursuetl  them  were  salute<l  with  a  sudden 
tire  of  mu.^ketry  by  a  body  of  Indians  who  iuid  concealed  them- 
selves in  the  high  gra*s  t>f  the  pniirie.  A  most  desperate  charge 
was  nuide  ujxm  the  Indians^  who,  unable  to  resist.  retreate<l 
oblitpiely,  in  order  toout-tlank  the  volunteers  on  the  right;  but  the 
latter  charge*!  the  Indians  in  their  ambush,  and  expelled  them 
from  their  thickets  at  the  |»ointof  the  bayonet,  and  di6per»«ed  them. 
Night  set  in  and  the  battle  ended,  having  cott  the  Indians  (Js  of 
their  bravest  men,  while  the  loss  of  the  Illinoisans  amounted  to  but 
one  killed  and  8  wounded. 

Soon  after  this  battle  Gens.  Atkinson  and  Henry  joine<l  their 
forces  and  pursueil  the  Indians.  Gen.  Henry  struck  the  main  trail, 
left  his  horses  liehind,  formed  an  advance  giiard  of  eight  men, 
and  marched  forward  upon  their  trail.  When  these  eight  men 
came  within  sight  of  the  river,  they  were  suddenly  fired  nj>on  and 
five  of  them  killed,  the  remaining  three  maintaining  their  ground 
till  Gen.  Henry  came  up.  Then  the  Indians,  charged  upon  with 
the   bayonet,  fell    back   upon   their  main   force.     The  battle  now 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  91 

became  general;  the  Indians  fought  witli  desperate  valor,  but  were 
furiously  assailed  by  the  volunteers  with  their  bayonets,  cutting 
many  of  the  Indians  to  pieces  and  driving  the  rest  into  the  river. 
Those  who  escaped  from  being  drowned  took  refuge  on  an  island.  On 
hearing  the  frequent  discharge  of  musketry,  indicating  a  general 
engagement,  Gen.  Atkinson  abandoned  the  pursuit  of  the  twenty 
Indians  under  Black  Hawk  himself,  and  hurried  to  the  scene  of 
action,  where  he  arrived  too  late  to  take  part  in  the  battle.  lie 
immediately  forded  the  river  with  his  trooj)S,  the  water  reachitig 
up  to  their  necks,  and  landed  on  the  island  where  the  Indians  had 
secreted  themselves.  The  soldiers  rushed  upon  the  Indians,  killed 
several  'of  them,  took  others  prisoner,  and  chased  the  rest  into 
the  river,  where  they  were  either  drowned  or  shot  before  reaching 
the  opposite  shore.  Thus  ended  the  battle,  the  Indians  losing  300 
besides  50  prisoners;  the  whites  but  17  killed  and  12  wounded. 

INCIDENTS    OF    THE    BATTLE. 

Many  painful  incidents  occurred  during  this  battle.  A  Sac 
woman,  the  sister  of  a  warrior  of  some  notoriety,  found  herself  in 
the  thickest  of  the  fight,  but  at  length  succeeded  in  reaching  the 
river,  when,  keeping  her  infant  child  safe  in  its  blankets  by  means 
of  her  teeth,  she  plunged  into  the  water,  seized  the  tail  of  a  horse 
v;ith  her  hands  whose  rider  was  swimming  the  stream,  and  was 
drawn  safely  across.  A  .young  squaw  during  the  battle  was  stand- 
ing in  the  grass  a  short  distance  from  the  American  line,  holding 
her  child — a  little  girl  of  four  years — in  her  arms.  In  this  posi- 
tion a  ball  struck  the  riglit  arm  of  the  child,  shattering  the  bone, 
and  passed  into  the  breast  of  the  young  mother,  instantly  killing 
her.  She  fell  upon  the  child  and  confined  it  to  the  ground  till  the 
Indians  were  driven  from  that  part  of  the  field.  Gen.  Anderson, 
of  the  United  States  army,  hearing  its  cries,  went  to  the  spot,  took 
it  from  under  the  dead  body  and  carried  it  to  the  surgeon  to  have 
its  wound  dressed.  The  arm  was  amputated,  and  during  the  oper- 
ation the  half-starved  child  did  not  cry,  but  sat  quietly  eating  a 
hard  piece  of  biscuit.  It  was  sent  to  Prairie  du  Chien,  where  it 
entirely  recovered. 

BLACK     HAWK     CAPTURED. 

Black  Hawk,  with  his  twenty  braves, retreated  up  the  "Wisconsin, 
rivtjr.     The  Winnebagoes,  desirous  of  securing  the  friendship  of 


V2  HI6T0EY    UF    ILLI.Mils. 

the  white.*,  went  in  pursuit  and  ciipturiMl  utul  delivered  tlieiii  to 
Gen.  Street,  tlje  United  States  Indiun  agent.  Anion<j  the  prisoners 
were  tlie  Bon  of  lilaek  lluwk  and  tlie  prophet  of  the  tribe.  These 
with  lilaek  Hawk  were  taken  to  Washington,  D.  C,  and  soon  eon- 
signed  as  prisoners  at  Fortress  Monroe. 

At  the  interview  Blaek  Hawk  had  with  the  rresidcnt,  lie  closed 
liis  speech  delivered  on  the  occasion  in  the  following  words:  "  We 
did  not  expect  to  con(jUer  the  whites.  Thev  have  to«j  many  houses, 
too  many  men.  I  took  up  the  hatchet,  tor  my  j>art,  t«>  re\enge 
injuries  which  my  people  couUl  no  longer  endure.  Had  1  homo 
them  longer  without  striking,  my  |>cop!o  would  have  said,  '  Hlack 
Hawk  is  a  woman;  he  is  t*M)  idd  to  l>e  a  chief;  he  is  no  Sac.^  These 
retleetions  caused  mo  to  raise  the  war-who(»p.  I  say  i»o  more.  It 
is  known  to  you.  Keokuk  once  was  here;  you  took  him  by  the 
hand,  and  when  he  wishe«l  to  return  to  his  home,  you  were  willing. 
Black  Hawk  expects,  like  Keokuk,  he  shall  be  permitted  to  return 
too." 

BIOGR.VPIIICAL    HKinX^II    OP    ItLACK     UAWK. 

Black  Hawk, or  Ma-ka-tai  ine-shc-kia-kiah,  was  born  in  the  |)rin- 
eipal  Sac  village,  near  the  junction  of  liock  river  with  the  Missis- 
sippi, in  the  year  17«i7.  His  father's  name  wiw  Py-e-sji.  iihick 
Hawk  early  di&tingui>hcd  himself  as  a  warrior,  and  at  the  ago  of 
tiftoen  was  {>ermitted  to  paint,  and  was  ranke^l  among  the  bnives. 
AlxiUt'the  year  17>3  ho  went  on  an  cxj)edition  against  the  enemies 
of  his  natiitn,  the  Osages,  one  of  whom  he  killed  and  scalped;  and 
for  this  deed  of  Indian  liravery  he  was  ]>crmitted  to  join  in  the 
scalp  dance.  Three  or  four  years  aftcrwanl  he,  at  the  head  of  two 
hundred  braves,  went  on  another  expetlition  against  the  Osages,  to 
aivenge  the  munler  of  some  women  and  children  l)elonging  to  his 
i>wn  tribe.  }klceting  an  equal  numlK?r  (»f  Osage  warriors,  a  fierce 
battle  ensued  in  which  the  latter  trilx;  lost  one-half  their  number. 
The  Sacs  lost  only  about  nineteen  warriors.  He  next  attacked  the 
Cherokees  for  a  similar  cause.  In  a  severe  battle  with  thera  near 
the  present  city  of  St.  IaiuIs  his  father  was  slain,  and  Black  Hawk. 
taking  possession  of  the  "  Meilicine  Bag,"  at  once  announce<l  him-" 
self  chief  of  the  Sac  nation.  He  had  now  conquered  the  Cherokees, 
and  about  the  year  1800,  at  the  head  of  five  hundred  Sacs  and 
Foxes  and  a   hundred    lowas,  he  waged  war  against  the   Osage 


HISTORY    OF   ILLINOIS.  93 

nation,  and  subdued  it.  For  two  years  he  battled  successfully  with 
other  Indian  tribes,  all  of  which  he  conquered. 

The  year  following  the  treaty  at  St.  Louis,  in  ISOi,  the  United 
States  Government  erected  a  fort  near  the  head  of  Des  Moines 
Rapids,  called  Fort  Edwards.  This  seemed  to  enrage  Black  Hawk, 
who  at  once  determined  to  capture  Fort  Madison,  standing  on  the 
west  side  of  the  Mississippi,  above  the  mouth  of  the  Des  Moines. 
The  fort  was  garrisoned  by  about  fifty  men.  Here  he  was  defeated. 
The  difficulties  with  the  British  Government  arose  about  this  time, 
and  the  war  of  1812  followed.  That  government,  extending  aid  to 
the  Western  Indians,  induced  them  to  remain  hostile  to  the  Ameri- 
cans. In  August,  1812,  Black  Hawk,  at  the  head  of  about  five 
hundred  braves,  started  to  join  the  British  forces  at  Detroit,  passing 
on  his  way  the  site  of  Chicago,  where  the  famous  Fort  Dearborn 
massacre  had  a  few  days  before  been  perpetrated.  Of  his  con- 
nection with  the  British  but  little  is  known. 

In  the  early  part  of  1815,  the  Indians  west  of  the  Mississippi 
were  notified  that  peace  had  been  declared  between  the  United 
States  and  England,  and  nearly  all  hostilities  had  ceased.  Black 
Hawk  did  not  sign  any  treaty,  however,  until  May  of  the  following 
year.  From  the  time  of  signing  this  treaty,  in  1816,  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  he  and  his  band  passed  their 
time  in  the  common  pursuits  of  Indian  life. 

Ten  years  before  the  commencement  of  this  war,  the  Sac  and 
Fox  Indians  were  urged  to  move  to  the  west  of  the  Mississippi. 
All  were  agreed,  save  the  band  known  as  the  British  Band,  of  which 
Black  Hawk  was  leader.  He  strongly  objected  to  the  removal,  and 
was  induced  to  comply  only  after  being  threatened  by  the  Govern- 
ment. This  action,  and  various  others  on  the  part  of  the  white 
settlers,  provoked  Black  Hawk  and  his  band  to  attempt  the  capture 
of  his  native  village,  now  occupied  by  the  whites.  The  war  fol- 
lowed. He  and  his  actions  were  undoubtedly  misunderstood,  and 
had  his  wishes  been  complied  with  at  the  beginning  of  the  struggle, 
much  bloodshed  would  have  been  prevented. 

BLACK    HAWK    SET    AT   LIBERTY. 

By  order  of  the  President,  Black  Hawk  and  his  companions, 
who  were  in  confinement  at  Fortress  Monroe,  were  set  free  on  the 
4th  day  of  June,    1833.      Before  leaving   the  fort  Black  Hawk 


94  IIISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

made  the  ft)ll()\viii^  farewell  spcecli  to  the  coininaiuler,  which  Ib  not 
only  clo<|iient  but  siiows  that  within  his  chcet  of  steel  there  bent  a 
heart  keenly  alive  to  the  emotions  of  gnititude: 

"  Brother,  I  luive  eoino  on  my  own  part,  and  in  beiialf  of  my 
companionB,  to  hid  you  farewell.  Our  great  father  \nis  at  length 
been  pleased  to  j»ermit  us  to  return  to  our  hunting  grounds.  Wo 
have  buried  the  tomahawk,  and  the  Bound  of  the  rillo  hereafter  will 
only  brinir  death  t»>  the  deer  and  the  bulfalo.  Brothers,  v(»u  have 
treated  the  red  ujan  very  kindly.  Your  ti<|uaw3  liave  made  tliem 
presents,  and  you  have  given  them  jdenty  to  eat  and  drink.  The 
memory  of  your  friomlshij*  will  remain  til!  the  (.ireat  Sj»irit  bays  it 
is  time  for  Black  Hawk  to  sing  liis  death  8ong.  Urother,  your 
houses  are  as  numerous  as  the  leaves  on  the  trees,  and  yiur  young 
warriors  like  the  sands  U))on  the  bhore  of  the  big  lake  that  rolls 
before  u«.  The  red  man  has  but  few  houses  and  few  warriors,  but 
the  red  man  luis  a  heart  which  throbs  as  warmly  as  the  heart  of  his 
white  brother.  The  Great  Sj)irit  has  given  us  «>ur  hunting  grounds, 
and  the  skin  of  the  deer  which  we  kill  there  is  his  favorite,  for  its 
color  is  white,  an<l  this  is  the  cmbU*m  of  ]>eace.  This  hunting 
dress  and  these  feathers  of  the  eagle  are  white.  Accept  them,  my 
brother.  1  have  given  one  like  this  to  the  White  Otter.  Accept  it  iu» 
a  memorial  of  Blick  Hawk.  When  he  is  faraway  this  will  servo 
to  remind  you  of  him.  May  the  Great  Spirit  bless  you  and  your 
children.      Farewell." 

After  their  release  from  priw.>n  they  were  conducted,  in  charge 
of  Major  Garlanil,  through  some  of  the  principal  cities,  that 
they  might  witness  the  j>ower  of  the  United  States  and  loarn 
their  own  inability  to  co|>e  with  them  in  war.  (treat  multitudes 
flocked  to  see  them  wherever  they  were  taken,  and  the  attention 
paid  them  rendered  their  progress  thmugh  the  country  a  triumphal 
procession,  instead  of  the  transportation  of  pris4jncrs  by  an  f»fticer. 
At  Rock  Island  the  prisoners  were  given  their  lilx*rty,  amid  grtiat 
and  impressive  ceremony.  In  l^o8  Black  Hawk  built  him  a 
dwellins  near  Dcs  Moines,  Iowa,  and  furnished  it  after  the  manner 
of  the  whites,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  and  hunting  and 
tishing.  Here,  with  his  wife,  to  whom  lie  was  greatly  attached,  he 
passed  the  few  remaining  days  of  his  life.  To  his  credit,  it  may  be 
said,  that  Black  Hawk  remained  true  to  his  wife,  and  served  her 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  95 

with  a  devotion  uncommon  among  Indians,  living  with  her  up- 
ward of  forty  years. 

BLACK   hawk's    DEATH    AND    BUTIIAL. 

At  all  times  when  Black  Hawk  visited  the  whites  he  was 
received  with  marked  attention.  He  was  an  honored  guest  at  the 
old  settlers'  re-union  in  Lee  county,  Illinois,  at  some  of  their 
meetings  and  received  many  tokens  of  esteem.  In  September, 
1838,  while  on  his  way  to  Hock  Island  to  receive  his  annuity  from 
the  Government,  he  contracted  a  severe  cold  which  resulted  in  a 
fatal  attack  of  bilious  fever,  and  terminated  his  life  October  3. 
After  his  death,  he  was  dressed  in  the  uniform  presented  to  him  by 
the  President  while  in  Washington.  He  was  buried  in  a  grave  six 
feet  in  depth,  situated  upon  a  beautiful  eminence.  The  body  was 
placed  in  the  middle  of  the  grave,  in  a  sitting  posture  upon  a  seat 
constructed  for  the  purpose.  On  his  left  side  the  cane  giv^en  him 
by  Henry  Clay  was  placed  upright,  with  his  right  hand  resting 
upon  it.  Thus,  after  a  long,  adventurous  and  shifting  life,  Black 
Hawk  was  gathered  to  his  fathers. 

FROM  1834  TO   1842. 

INTERNAL    IMPROVEMENTS. 

T^o  sooner  was  the  Black  Hawk  war  concluded  than  settlers 
began  rapidly  to  pour  into  the  northern  part  of  Illinois,  now  free 
from  Indian  depredations.  Chicago,  from  a  trading  post,  had 
grown  into  a  commercial  center,  and  was  rapidly  coming  into 
prominence. 

At  the  ijeneral  election  in  1834  Joseph  Duncan  was  chosen 
Governor,  by  a  handsome  majority.  His  principal  opponent  was 
ex-Lieutenant  Governor  Kinney.  A  reckless  and  uncontrollable 
desire  for  internal  public  improvements  seized  the  minds  of  the 
people.  In  his  message  to  the  Legislature,  in  1835,  Gov.  Duncan 
said:  "  When  we  look  abroad  and  see  the  extensive  lines  of  inter- 
communication penetrating  almost  every  section  of  our  sister  States; 
when  we  see  the  canal  boat  and  the  locomotive  bearing  with  seem- 
ing triumph  the  ricli  productions  of  the  interior  to  the  rivers,  lakes 
and  ocean,  almost  annihilating  time,  burthen  and  space,  what 
patriot  bosom  does  not  beat  liigh  with  a  laudable  ambition  to  give 
Illinois  her  full  share  of  those  advantages  which  are  adorning  her 


9<>  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

Bister  States,  and  which  a  magnificent  Providence  seems  to  invite 
by  a  wonderful  adaptation  of  our  whole  country  to  such  improve- 
ments?" 

STUPENDOL'.->    SYSTEM    OF    IMPROVEMKNTS    INACOURATED. 

The  Legislature  responded  to  the  ardent  words  of  the  Goveriior, 
and  enacted  a  system  of  internal  improvements  without  a  parallel 
in  the  grandeur  of  ith  conception.  They  ordered  the  construction 
of  1,3<>U  miles  of  railroad,  crossing  the  State  in  all  directions. 
This  was  surpassed  by  the  river  and  Ciinal  improvements.  There 
were  a  few  counties  n»»t  touched  by  railroad,  or  river  or  canal,  and 
tlic}-  were  t«»  bo  comfurte^l  ami  coinjtensated  by  the  free  distribution 
of  $"J()U,OU<>  among  them.  To  inllate  this  balloon  In^yond  credence,  it 
was  ordered  that  work  should  commence  on  both  ends  of  each  of  these 
railroads  and  rivers,  and  at  each  river-crossing,  all  at  the  same  time. 
This  provision,  which  has  lioen  called  the  crowning  folly  of  tiio 
entire  system,  was  tlio  result  of  those  jealous  combinations  ema- 
nating from  the  fear  that  advantiiges  might  accrue  to  one  section 
over  another  in  the  commencement  and  completion  of  the  works. 
'Wo  C4in  appreciate  better,  ]>erhaps,  the  magnitude  of  this  grand 
system  by  reviewing  a  few  figures.  The  debt  authorized  for  these 
iinpro«ve:nents  in  the  first  instance  was  1^10,23O,0fM).  IJut  this,  a? 
it  wjis  soon  found,  wa»  based  upon  estimates  at  le-ist  too  low  by 
half.  This,  as  we  readily  see,  committed  tl>e  State  to  a  liability  of 
over  $20,000,000,  cjuivalent  to  $20i>,0(>0.000,  at  the  present  time, 
with  over  ten  times  the  |>opul:ition  and  more  than  ten  times  the 
wealth. 

S««ch  stujx'ndous  undertakings  by  thotStatc  naturally  cngen<iered 
tlie  fever  of  speculation  among  individuals.  That  particular  f<»rm 
known  as  the  town  dot  fever  assnmed  the  malignant  type  at  first  in 
Chiciigo,  from  whence  it  spead  over  tlie  entire  State  and  adjoining 
States.  It  was  an  epidemic.  It  cut  np  men's  farms  without  regard 
to  locality,  and  cnt  nj)  the  ))nr6cs  of  tlie  i^urcliasers  without  regard 
to  c<^nsefpiences.  It  was  estimated  that  building  lots  eiiough  were 
sold  in  In<liana  alone  to  accommodate  every  citizen  then  in  the 
United  States. 

Chicago,  which  in  ls30  was  a  small  trading-post,  had  within  a 
few  years  grown  into  a  city.  .This  was  the  starting  point  of  the 
wonderful   and   marvelous   career   of  that  city.      Improvements, 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  97 

unsurpassed  by  individual  efforts  in  the  annals  of  the  world,  were 
then  begun  and  have  been  maintained  to  this  day.  Though  visited 
by  the  terrible  fire  fiend  and  the  accumulations  of  years  swept 
away  in  a  night,  yet  she  has  arisen,  and  to-day  is  the  best  built  city 
in  the  world.  Keports  of  the  rapid  advance  of  property  in  Chicago 
spread  to  the  East,  and  thousands  poured  into  her  borders,  bringing 
monev,  enterprise  and  industry.  Every  ship  that  left  her  port 
carried  with  it  maps  of  splendidly  situated  towns  and  additions, 
and  every  vessel  that  returned  was  laden  with  immigrants.  It  was 
said  at  the  time  that  the  staple  articles  of  Illinois  export  were  town 
]ilots,  and  that  there  was  danger  of  crowding  the  State  with  towns 
to  the  exclusion  of  land  for  agriculture. 

ILLINOIS    AND    MICUIGAN    CANAL. 

The  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal  again  received  attention.  This 
enterprise  is  one  of  the  most  important  in  the  early  development 
of  Illinois,  on  account  of  its  magnitude  and  cost,  and  forming 
as  it  does  the  connecting  link  between  the  great  chain  of  lakes  and 
the  Illinois  and  Mississippi  rivers.  Gov.  Bond,  the  first  Governor, 
recommended  in  his  first  messafre  the  buildinor  of  the  canal.  In 
18l'1  the  Legislature  appropriated  $10,000  for  surveying  the  route. 
This  work  was  jierformed  b}"  two  young  men,  who  estimated  the 
cost  at  $600,000  or  f$700,000.  It  cost,  however,  when  completed, 
$8,000,000.  In  1825  a  law  was  passed  to  incorporate  the  Canal 
Company,  but  no  stock  was  sold.  In  1826,  upon  the  solicitation  of 
Daniel  P.  Cook,  Congressman  from  this  State,  Congress  gave 
800,000  acres  of  land  on  the  line  of  the  work.  In  1828  commis- 
sioners were  appointed,  and  work  commenced  with  a  new  survey 
and  new  estimates.  In  1834-5  the  work  was  again  pushed  forward, 
and  continued  until  1848,  when  it  was  completed, 

PANIC — REPUDIATION   ADVOCATED. 

Bonds  of  the  State  were  recklessly  disposed  of  both  in  the  East 
and  in  Europe.  Work  was  commenced  on  various  lines  of  railroad, 
but  none  were  ever  completed.  On  the  Xorthern  Cross  Hailroad, 
from  Meredosia  east  eight  miles,  the  first  locomotive  that  ever 
turned  a  wheel  in  the  great  valley  of  the  Mississippi,  was  run. 
The  date  of  this  remarkable  evetit  was  N'ov.  8,  1838.  Large  sums 
of  money  were  being  expended  with  no  assurance  of  a  revenue, 


98  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

and  coneeqiieiitly,  in  1^40.  the  Legislature  repealed  the  improve- 
ment laws  jtassed  three  vciirs  previously,  not,  however,  until  the 
State  luid  accumulated  a  debt  uf  neiirly  $15,000,000.  Thus  fell, 
after  a  short  but  eventful  life,  by  the  liands  of  its  creator,  the  most 
stupendous,  extravagant  and  almost  ruinous  folly  of  a  grand  sys- 
tem of  internal  improvements  that  any  civil  community,  perhaps, 
'ever  cnf'a'n?d  in.  The  State  banks  failed,  8i>ecio  was  scarce,  an 
enormous  debt  was  accumulated,  the  interest  of  which  could  not 
be  paid,  people  were  disappointe*!  in  the  accumulation  of  wealth, 
an<l  real  estate  was  worthless.  All  this  had  a  tendency  to  create  a 
desire  to  throw  otf  the  heavy  burden  of  State  debt  by  repudiation. 
This  was  boldly  advocated  by  some  leading  men.  The  fair  fame 
and  name,  however,  of  the  State  was  not  tarnished  by  rej)udiation. 
Men,  true,  honest,  and  able,  were  placeil  at  the  head  of  affairs;  and 
though  the  hours  were  dark  and  gloomy,  and  the  times  most  try- 
ing, yet  our  grand  old  State  was  brought  through  and  j>rospered, 
until  to-day,  after  the  exf>enditurc  of  millions  for  ]>nblic  improve- 
ments and  for  carrying  t»n  the  late  war,  she  has,  at  present,  a  debt 
of  only  about  |^^«X^OO0. 

M.\RT\'R    rOR    LIBI'IRTT. 

Tli<*  year  1637  is  memorable  for  the  death  of  the  first  martyr  for 
liberty,  and  the  abolishment  of  American  slavery,  in  the  State. 
Elijah  P.  Lovejoy  was  shot  by  &  mob  in  Alton,  on  the  night  of  the 
7th  of  November  of  that  year.  lie  was  at  the  time  editor  of  the 
Alton  Ohxervcr,  and  adv»>aito<i  anti-slavery  principles  in  its 
columns.  For  this  practice  three  of  his  presses  had  l>een  destroyed. 
On  the  arrival  of  the  fourth  the  trago<lv  occurred  which  cost  him 
Ilia  life.  In  anticipation  of  it«  arrival  a  series  of  meetings  were 
held  in  which  the  friends  of  freedom  and  of  slavery  were  represented. 
The  object  was  to  cflfect  a  compromise,  but  it  was  one  in  which 
liberty  was  to  make  concessions  to  oppression.  In  a  6{)ecch  made 
at  one  of  these  meetings,  Lovejoy  said:  **  Mr.  Chairman,  what 
have  I  to  compromise?  If  freely  to  forgive  those  who  have  so  greatly 
injured  me;  if  to  l>ray  for  their  temporal  and  eternal  happiness;  if 
still  to  wish  for  the  prosperity  of  your  city  and  State,  notwith- 
standing the  indignities  I  have  suffered  in  them, — if  this  be  the 
compromise  intended,  then  do  I  willingly  make  it.  I  do  not  admit 
that  it  is  the  business  of  aiiv  lK>dv  of  men   to  sav  whether  I  shall 


4.^ 


UISTOKY  OF    ILLINOIS.  101 

or  shall  not  publish  a  paper  in  this  city.  That  right  was  given  to 
me  by  ray  Creator,  and  is  solemnly  guaranteed  by  the  Constitution 
of  the  (Jnited  States  and  of  this  State.  But  if  by  compromise  is 
meant  that  1  shall  cease  from  that  which  duty  requires  of  me,  I 
cannot  make  it,  and  the  reason  is,  that  I  fear  God  more  than  man. 
It  is  also  a  very  different  question,  whether  1  shall,  voluntarily  or 
at  the  request  of  my  friends,  yield  up  my  position,  or  whether 
I  shall  forsake  it  at  the  hands  of  a  mob.  The  former  I  am  readv  at 
all  times  to  do  when  circumstances  require  it,  as  I  will  never  put 
my  personal  wishes  or  interests  in  competition  with  the  cause  of 
that  Master  whose  minister  I  am.  But  the  latter,  be  assnred  I 
never  will  do.  You  have,  as  lawyers  say,  made  a  false  issue.  There 
are  no  two  parties  between  whom  there  can  be  a  compromise.  1 
plant  myself  down  on  my  unquestionable  rights,  and  the  ques- 
tion to  be  decided  is,  whether  I  shall  be  protected  in  those  rights. 
You  may  hang  me,  as  the  mob  hung  the  individuals  at  Yicksburg; 
you  may  burn  me  at  the  stake,  as  they  did  old  Mcintosh  at  St. 
Louis;  or,  you  may  tar  and  feather  me,  or  throw  me  into  the  Mis- 
sissippi as  you  have  threatened  to  do;  but  you  cannot  disgrace  me. 
I,  and  I.  alone,  can  disgrace  myself,  and  the  deepest  of  all  disgrace 
would  be  at  a  time  like  this  to  deny  my  Maker  by  forsaking  his 
cause.  He  died  for  me,  and  I  were  most  unworthy  to  bear  his 
name  should  I  refuse,  if  need  be,  to  die  for  Mm.'''*  Not  long 
afterward  Mr.  Lovejoy  was  shot.  His  brother  Owen,  being  })res- 
ent  on  the  occasion,  kneeled  down  on  the  spot  beside  the  corpse, 
and  sent  up  to  God,  in  the  hearing  of  that  very  mob,  one  of  the 
most  eloquent  prayers  ever  listened  to  by  mortal  ear.  He  was  bold 
enough  to  pray  to  God  to  take  signal  vengeance  on  the  infernal 
institution  of  slavery,  and  he  then  and  there  dedicated  his  life  to 
the  work  of  overthrowing  it,  and  hoped  to  see  the  day  when  slavery 
existed  no  more  in  this  nation.  He  died,  March  24,  1804,  nearly 
three  months  after  the  Emancipation  Proclamation  of  President 
Lincoln  took  etfect.  Thus  he  lived  to  see  his  most  earnest  and 
devout  prayer  answered.  But  few  men  in  the  nation  rendered  bet- 
ter service  in  overthrowing  the  institution  of  slavery  than  Elijah 
P.  and  Owen  Lovejoy. 

CARLIN    ELECTED  GOVERNOR. 

Thomas   Carlin,  Democrat,  was  elected  Governor  in  1838,  over 
Cvrus  Edwards,  Whiij.     In  1842  Adam  AV.  Snvder  was  nominated 


102  HISTORY    l»F    II.I.IXOIS. 

for  Governor  on  the  Democratic'  ticket,  but  died  iK'foro  election. 
Tlunnas  Fonl  was  placeil  in  n<Muination,  and  was  elected,  ex-Gov- 
ernor Duncan  bein^  his  opponent. 

PUAIIilK  PIRATES. 

The  northern  part  ut"  the  State  also  had  its  mob  ox|x;ncncc8,  but 
of  an  entirely  diflcrfnt  nature  from  the  i»ne  just  recounte«l.  There 
has  always  hoven-d  around  the  trontier  of  civilization  bold,  iK'iiper- 
nte  men,  who  pn-y  upon  the  »inprotecte«l  settlers  rather  than  ^lin 
a  livelihotHl  by  honest  toil.  Theft,  roblK»ry  ami  murder  were  cjir 
ried  on  by  re«^ularly  or^aniztxl  bands  in  Ogle,  I^ee,  NVinm-bap)  and 
Dflvalb  counlieB.  The  loaders  of  these  giuigs  of  cut-throatB  were 
among  the  first  settlers  of  tliat  |>orlion  of  the  State,  an<i  conse- 
quently had  the  choice  of  loaitioii.  Among  the  most  |)rominent  of 
the  leaders  wore  John  Driscull,  William  and  David,  his  Si>ns;  .lohn 
Hrodie  and  three  of  his  siins;  Samuel  Aikons  and  three  of  his  sons; 
William  K.  I5ridge  and  Norton  H.  lioyce. 

These  were  the  represcntativu  characters,  those  who  planned 
and  controlled  the  movements  of  the  combination,  conceaUnl  them 
when  danger  threatened!,  nursed  them  when  sick,  rcste<l  them  when 
Worn  by  fatigue  and  forced  marches,  furniNhed  hiding  places  for 
their  stolen  l>ooty,  shared  in  the  spoils,  and,  under  cover  of  darkness 
and  intricate  and  devious  ways  of  travel,  known  only  to  themsilves 
and  sulHtrdinatcs,  transferre<l  stolen  horses  from  station  to  station; 
for  it  C4uno  to  Ikj  known  as  a  well-established  fa<'t  that  they  had 
stations,  and  agiMits,  and  watchmen  scattered  throughout  the  coun- 
try at  coiivenient  distances,  and  signals  and  puss-wurds  to  assist 
anil  govern  them  in  all  tlieir  nefarious  tmnsactions. 

Ogle  county,  particularly,  seemo<l  to  be  a  favorite  and  chosen 
field  for  the  «>|)erat ions  of  these  outlaws,  who  could  not  l»e  convicted 
for  their  crimes.  Uy  getting  Bt>mo  of  their  numl>er  on  the  juries, 
by  producing  hosts  of  witnesses  to  sustain  their  defense  by  pcr- 
jjired  evidence,  and  by  changing  the  venue  from  one  county  to 
another,  and  l>y  continuances  from  term  Ut  term,  they  nearly  always 
mansiged  to  be  acijuitted.  At  last  these  depn*<lations  became  too 
common  for  longer  endurance;  patience  ceased  to  be  a  virtue,  and 
determined  desperation  seized  the  minds  of  honest  men,  and  they 
resolved  that  if  there  were  no  statute  laws  that  c^mld  protect  them 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  103 

against  the  ravages  of  thieves,  robbers  and  counterfeiters,  they 
would  protect  themselves.  It  was  a  desperate  resolve,  and  desper- 
ately and  bloodily  executed. 

BURNING    OF    OGLE    COUNTY    COURT-HOUSE. 

At  the  Spring  term  of  court,  1841,  seven  of  the  "Pirates  of  the 
Prairie,"  as  they  were  called,  were  confined  in  the  Ogle  county  jail 
to  await  trial.  Preparatory  to  holding  court,  the  judge  and  lawyers 
assembled  at  Oregon  in  their  new  court-house,  which  had  just 
been  completed.  Near  it  stood  the  county  jail  in  which  were  the 
prisoners.  The  "  Pirates ''  assembled  Sunday  night  and  set  the 
court-house  on  tire,  in  the  hope  that  as  the  prisoners  would  have  to 
be  removed  from  the  jail,  they  might,  in  the  hurry  and  confusion 
of  the  people  in  attending  to  the  fire,  make  their  escape.  The 
whole  population  were  awakened  that  dark  and  stormy  night,  to 
see  their  new  court  edifice  enwrapped  in  flames.  Although  the 
building  was  entirely  consumed,  none  of  the  prisoners  escaped. 
Three  of  them  were  tried,  convicted  and  sent  to  the  penitentiary 
for  a  year.  They  had,  however,  contrived  to  get  one  of  their  num- 
ber on  the  jury,  who  would  not  agree  to  a  verdict  until  threatened 
to  be  lynched.  The  others  obtained  a  change  of  venue  and  were 
not  convicted,  and  finally  they  all  broke  jail  and  escaped. 

Thus  it  was  that  the  law  was  inadequate  to  the  protection  of  the 
people.  The  best  citizens  held  a  meeting  and  entered  into  a  solemn 
compact  with  each  other  to  rid  the  country  of  the  desperadoes  that 
infested  it.  They  were  regularly  organized  and  known  as  "  Regu- 
lators." They  resolved  to  notify  all  suspected  parties  to  leave  the 
country  within  a  given  time;  if  they  did  not  comply,  they  would 
be  severely  dealt  with.  Their  first  victim  was  a  man  named  Hurl, 
who  was  suspected  of  having  stolen  his  neighbor's  horse.  He  was 
ordered  to  strip,  his  hands  were  tied,  when  thirty-six  lashes  of  a 
raw-hide  were  applied  to  his  bare  back.  The  next  was  a  man 
named  Daggett,  formerly  a  Baptist  preacher.  He  was  sentenced 
to  receive  five  hundred  lashes  on  his  bare  back.  He  was  stripped, 
and  all  was  ready,  when  his  beautiful  daughter  rushed  into  the 
midst  of  the  men,  begging  for  mercy  for  her  father.  Her  appeals, 
with  Daggett's  promise  to  leave  the  country  immediately,  secured 
his  release.  That  night,  new  crimes  having  been  discovered,  he 
was  taken  out  and  whipped,  after  which  he  left  the  country,  never 
again  to  be  heard  from. 


I(l4  HISTOKV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

The  friends  and  comrades  of  the  men  who  had  l>een  whipped 
were  fearfully  enragetl,  and  swore  eternal  and  bloody  vengeance 
Eighty  of  them  assembled  one  ni<:lit  soon  after,  and  laid  plans  U> 
visit  "NVliite  Iloek  and  murder  every  man,  woman  and  child  in  that 
liamlet.  They  i^taitcd  on  this  bloody  mission,  but  were  prevailed 
ujMjn  by  one  of  their  number  to  disband.  Their  comin«j,  however, 
had  In-en  anticipate*!,  and  every  man  and  boy  in  the  town  wa» 
armed  to  protect  himself  and  his  family. 

CAMPUKLI.    KILLED — TIIK    Ml'KUKKERS   8IIOT. 

John  ("ampl>ell.  Captain  «»f  the  "  Itt-^'ulators,''  received  a  letter 
from  "NVilliam  Driscoll,  filled  with  most  direful  threats, — not  only 
threatening'  Campln-irs  life,  but  the  life  of  any  one  wlio  should 
opj>ose  their  murderous,  thieving  opemtions.  Soon  after  the  re- 
ceipt of  tiiis  letter,  two  hundred  of  the  "  K«'gulators"  mnrche«l  tt» 
DriscoU's  and  onlere<l  him  to  leave  the  county  within  twenty  days. 
Init  he  refused  to  comply  with  the  onler.  One  Sunday  evening, 
just  arter  this,  Campbell  was  sh«»t  tlown  in  his  own  door-yard  by 
David  Driscoll.  He  fell  in  the  arms  of  his  wife,  at  which  time 
Taylor  Driscoll  raised  his  rifle  and  pointed  it  toward  her,  but  low- 
ered it  without  firing. 

News  of  this  terrible  crime  spread  like  wild-firo.  The  very  air 
was  fitletl  with  threats  and  vengeance,  and  nothing  but  the  lives  of 
the  murder(»us  gang  would  pay  the  |MM)alty.  Old  John  Dri8C4»ll 
was  nrrestetl,  was  told  to  bid  his  family  good-bye,  and  then  with 
his  son  went  out  to  his  death.  The  '*  Ilegulat4»rs,"  numl»ering  111, 
forine<l  a  large  circle,  and  gave  the  DrirK-olls  a  fair  liearing.  They 
weiv  found  guilty,  and  the  *'  Uegulators"  tlivided  into  two  "death 
divisions," — one,  con.sisting  of  lifty-si.\,  with  rifles  dispatched  the 
father,  the  other  flfty-flve  riddled  and  shattered  the  body  of  the 
son  with  baills  from  as  many  guns.  The  measures  thus  inatigu- 
nitc«l  to  free  the  country  from  the  dominion  of  outlaws  was  a  last 
desperate  resort,  and  proved  etre<'tual. 

MOUMON   WAR. 

In  April.  1S-K>,  the  "  Litter- Day  Saints,"  or  Mormons,  came  in 
large  numbers  to  Illinois  and  purchased  a  tract  of  land  on  the  east 
side  of  the  Mississippi  river,  alniut  ten  miles  above  Keokuk.  Hero 
they  commenced  building  the  city  of  Nauvoo.  A  more  picturesque 
or  eligible  site  for  a  city  could  not  haTC  been  selected. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  105 

The  origin,  rapid  development  and  prosperity  of  this  religious 
sect  are  the  most  remarkable  and  instructive  historical  events  of 
the  present  century.  That  an  obscure  individual,  without  money, 
education,  or  respectability,  should  persuade  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  people  to  believe  him  inspired  of  God,  and  cause  a  book,  con- 
temptible as  a  literary  production,  to  be  received  as  a  continuation 
of  the  sacred  revelation,  appears  almost  incredible;  yet  in  less  than 
half  a  century,  the  disciples  of  this  obscure  individual  have  in- 
creased to  hundreds  of  thousands;  have  founded  a  State  in  the  dis- 
tant wilderness,  and  compelled  the  Government  of  the  United 
States  to  practically  recognize  them  as  an  independent  people. 

THE   FOUNDER    OF   MORMONISM. 

The  founder  of  Mormonism  was  Joseph  Smith,  a  native  of  Ver- 
mont, who  emigrated  while  quite  young  with  his  father's  family  to 
western  New  York.  Here  his  youth  was  spent  in  idle,  vagabond 
life,  roaming  the  woods,  dreaming  of  buried  treasures,  and  in  en- 
deavoring to  learn  the  art  of  tinding  them  by  the  twisting  of  a 
forked  stick  in  his  hands,  or  bv  lookino:  throucjli  enchanted  stones. 
Both  he  and  his  father  became  famous  as  "  water  wizards,"  always 
ready  to  point  out  the  spot  where  wells  might  be  dug  and  water 
found.  Such  was  the  character  of  the  young  profligate  when  he 
made  the  acquaintance  of  Sidney  Rigdon,  a  person  of  considerable 
talent  and  information,  who  had  conceived  the  design  of  founding 
a  new  religion.  A  religious  romance,  written  by  Mr.  Spaulding,  a 
Presbyterian  preacher  of  Ohio,  then  dead,  suggested  the  idea,  and 
finding  in  Smith  the  requisite  duplicity  and  cunning  to  reduce  it 
to  practice,  it  was  agreed  that  he  should  act  as  prophet;  and  the 
two  devised  a  story  that  gold  plates  had  been  found  buried  in  the 
earth  containing  a  record  inscribed  on  them  in  unknown  characters, 
which,  when  deciphered  by  tlie  power  of  inspiration,  gave  the  his- 
tory of  the  ten  lost  tribes  of  Israel. 

ATTEMPT   TO    ARREST   JOE    SMITH. 

After  their  settlement  in  and  about  Nauvoo,  in  Hancock  county, 
great  depredations  were  committed  by  them  on  the  ''Gentiles." 
The  Mormons  had  been  received  from  Missouri  with  cfreat  kind- 
ness  by  the  people  of  this  State,  and  every  possible  aid  granted 
them.    The  depredations  committed,  however,  soon  made  them 


106  IlltJTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

odious,  when  the  question  of  getting'  rid  of  them  was  a<;itiited.  In 
the  fall  of  1S41,  the  (ioveriior  of  MisPouri  iu;ide  a  deiimud  on  Gov. 
Carliu  for  tlie  airest  and  delivery  of  Joe  Smith  as  a  fugitive  fri>m 
justice.  Am  executive  warrant  issued  for  that  purpose  was  placed 
in  the  hands  of  an  a^ont  to  be  executed,  but  waa  returned  without 
being  complied  with.  Soon  afterward  the  Ciovernor  handed  the 
same  writ  to  his  agent,  who  this  time  succeeded  in  arresting  Joo 
Smith,  lie  was,  however,  discharged  by  Jutlgo  Doughis.  upon  tlie 
grounds  that  the  writ  upon  which  he  iiad  been  arrested  ha«l  licen 
once  returned  before  it  was  executed,  and  was  /'//;u7</*  ojiio.  In 
\s\-2  (Jov.  (-arlin  again  issued  his  writ,  Joe  Smith  was  arrested 
again,  and  again  esca|)ed.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  it  was  impossible 
to  reach  and  punish  the  leader  of  this  |H5ople,  who  had  been  driven 
from  Missouri  because  of  their  stealing,  munlering  and  unjust 
dealing,  and  came  to  Illinois  l)ut  to  continue  their  depredations. 
Kntbuldened  by  success,  tho  Mormons  became  more  arrogant  and 
overbearing.  Many  people  began  to  l>elievo  that  they  were  about 
to  set  up  a  separate  government  for  themselves  in  defiance  of  the 
laws  of  tho  State.  Owners  of  pro^)erty  stolen  in  other  countioe 
made  pursuit  into  Xauvo«»,  and  were  rino<l  by  the  Mormon  courts 
for  tlaring  to  seek  their  pro[>crty  in  the  holy  city.  Hut  that  which 
made  it  im^trc  certain  than  anything  else  that  the  Mormons  con- 
templated a  separate  g<»vcrnment,  was  that  about  this  time  they 
|>elitioneil  CJongrcss  to  establish  a  territorial  government  for  them 
in  Xau voo. 

ORir.IN    OF    POI.YOAMV. 

To  crown  the  whole  folly  of  tho  Mormons,  in  the  Spring  of  1844 
Joe  Smith  announceil  himself  as  a  candidate  fur  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  many  of  his  followers  were  contident  lie  would 
be  electe<l.  lie  next  cau8C<l  himself  to  l>e  anointed  king  .and 
priest,  and  to  give  character  to  his  pretensions,  lie  declared  his 
lineage  in  an  unbroken  line  from  Joseph,  the  son  of  Jacob,  and 
that  of  his  wit'e  from  some  other  important  |)ersonageof  the  ancient 
Hebrews.  To  strengthen  his  political  |>ower  he  also  instituted  a 
Ixxly  of  police  styled  the  "  Danite  band,"  who  were  sworn  to  pro- 
tect his  ]>orson  and  ol>ey  his  orders  as  the  commands  f»f  (lod.  A 
female  order  previously  existing  in  the  church,  called  ''Spiritual 
wives,"  was  uKxiitied  so  as  to  suit  the  licentiousness  of  the  prophet. 
A  doctrine  was  revealed  that  it  was  impossible  for  a  woman  to  get 


UISTOKV    0"F    ILLINOIS.  107 

to  heaven  except  as  the  wife  of  a  Mormon  elder;  that  each  elder 
ini"-ht  marry  as  many  women  as  he  could  maintain,  and  that  any 
female  might  be  sealed  to  eternal  life  by  becoming-  their  concubine. 
This  licentiousness,  the  origin  of  polygamy  in  that  church,  they 
endeavored  to  justify  by  an  appeal  to  Abraham,  Jacob  and  other 
favorites  of  God  in  former  ages  of  the  world. 

JOE    SMITH    AS    A    TYRANT. 

Smith  soon  began  to  play  the  tyrant  over  his  people.  Among 
the  first  acts  of  this  sort  was  an  attempt  to  take  the  wife  of  AVil- 
liam  Law,  one  of  his  most  talented  disciples,  and  make  her  his 
spiritual  wife.  lie  established,  without  authority,  a  recorder's 
office,  and  an  office  to  issue  marriage  licenses.  lie  proclaimed  that 
none  could  deal  in  real  estate  or  sell  liquor  but  himself.  lie 
ordered  a  printing  office  demolished,  and  in  many  ways  controlled 
the  freedom  and  business  of  the  Mormons.  Not  only  did  he  stir  up 
some  of  the  Mormons,  but  by  his  reckless  disregard  for  the  laws  of 
the  land  raised  up  opposition  on  every  hand.  It  was  believed  that 
he  instructed  the  Danite  band,  which  he  had  chosen  as  the  ministers 
of  his  vengeance,  that  no  blood,  except  that  of  the  church,  was  to 
be  regarded  as  sacred,  if  it  contravened  the  accomplishment  of  his 
object.  It  was  asserted  that  he  inculcated  the  legality  of  perjury 
and  other  crimes,  if  committed  to  advance  the  cause  of  true  believ- 
ers; that  God  had  given  the  world  and  all  it  contained  to  his  saints, 
and  since  they  were  kept  out  of  their  rightful  inheritance  by  force, 
it  was  no  moral  offense  to  get  possession  of  it  by  stealing.  It  was 
reported  that  an  establishment  existed  in  Nauvoo  for  the  manufac- 
ture of  counterfeit  money,  and  that  a  set  of  outlaws  was  maintained 
for  the  purpose  of  putting  it  in  circulation.  Statements  were  cir- 
culated to  the  effect  that  a  reward  was  offered  for  the  destruction  of 
the  Warsaw  Signal^  an  anti-Mormon  paper,  and  that  Mormons  dis- 
persed over  the  country  threatened  all  persons  who  offered  to  assist 
the  constable  in  the  execution  of  the  law,  with  the  destruction  of 
their  property  and  the  murder  of  their  families.  There  were  rumors 
also  afloat  that  an  alliance  had  been  formed  with  the  Western 
Indians,  and  in  case  of  war  they  would  be  used  in  murdering  their 
enemies.  In  short,  if  only  one-half  of  these  reports  were  true  the 
Mormons  must  have  been  the  most  infamous  people  that  ever  ex- 
isted. 


108  HI9TUBY    OF   ILUS0I8- 

MIUTART    KORCi:»    A^EMBLINO. 

William  Law.  «»ne  of  the  pruprictor*  of  the  printing- press 
destroyed  bv  Smith,  went  to  Carthage,  the  oouuty-seat.  and 
lined  warrants  for  the  arrest  of  Smith  and  the  nieml)erti  of  the 
t  t\  ('..iricil,  and  others  connected  with  the  df*truction  of  the 
pre**.  Some  of  the  partie*  having  been  arrv»lod.  but  diK:hMrp;d 
by  the  aatburities  in  Xauv<to,  a  convention  of  citizens  al^e>l'ml)led  at 

Carthage  and  apr     ■  *    '  .  tiee  to  wait  U|>on  the  (fovernor  for 

*'♦' purpose  of  p;-.i..w^  »w...;ury  assistance  to  enforce  the  lnw. 
i..c  Governor  visited  Carthage  in  {>erson.  Previous  to  his  arrival 
fhr  militia  had  been  called  out  and  annrsl  f.->rrt  •  o-.tniTifn.-.-.!  :t>^<-tn- 

.  i^  in  Carthage  and  W  tr^iw  u>  .        ,  5>5. 

All  of  tliera,  however.  ^  .  law  to  ctM>|»crate  with  tlic 

(toremor  in  preserving  order.      A  t  e  and  ten  men  were  then 

sent  to  make  tlie  am-rt  In  the  meantime.  Smith  declared  martial 
law;  hia  followers  r  j  in  the  country  wer«  summoned  to  bis 

a^si^tance;   the  1  was  assembled  and  under  arms,  and    the 

entire  city  was  one  ^reat  military  encampment 

TlIE    SMITH!*    AKKK^TED. 

The  {  Iliram.  the  members  of  the  City  Coun- 

cil and  others,  surr*  ^es  at  Carthage  June  24.  1^45, 

on  the  •  of  rioL      Ail  entered  into  recogtiirance  U*fon*  a  Jus- 

tice of  the  I\>ace  to  appear  at  oiurt,  and  were  d  A  new 

writ,  however,  was  irome<Jiately  issue*!  and  ser^eti  on  the  two 
^'  '  and  both  were  m  '  1  and  '  n  into  prison.  Tlie 
<  bad  assembled  frvim   iiinci>ck.  ^  ler  and  McDonough 

c  ".-med  a-  '   -    . '••  ^J  avenge   t  •^.. -.     r..^^  |^^j   j^.^^ 

c  '^   '' •  -.     Great  ex  ......  ...    j ..led  at  Car- 

thnrf  1  at  tliat  place  amountc*!  ♦»  1.2<h»  men, 

R  i  at  Warsaw.      Nearly  all  were  anxious  to 

.  h  into  Nauvoo.  This  measure  was  supposed  to  be  necessary 
':i  for  counterfeit  money  and  the  apftaratus  to  make  it.  and 
also  to  strike  a  salutary  terror  into  the  Monnon  people  by  an  exhi- 
bition of  the  force  of  the  State,  and  thereby  prevent  future  out- 
rages, murders,  r  e«,  bnmings,  and  the  like.  Tlie  27th  of 
Jnnc  was  a  —d  f,jr  the  march;  but  G«»v.  Ford,  who  at  the 
time  was  in  i  ' -d  tn:>uble  if  the  militia  should 
attempt  toinv:iic  l>;ii  jj.  a;;uaiided  the  troops,  retaining  only  a 
guard  to  the  jail. 


HIsTOBY   OF    ILLINOIS.  1«)9 

JOE    ESOTH   A^D   HIi   BBOTHEB    KILLED. 

Gov.  Ford  went  to  Xauvoo  on  the  27th.  The  same  momiog 
about  2<X)  men  fnjm  WaKaw,  manj  being  disguised,  hastened  to 
Carthage.  Ou  learning  that  one  of  the  companies  left  as  a  guard 
had  disbanded,  and  the  other  stationed  lo^J  yarils  fr«3m  the  jail  while 
eight  men  were  left  to  guard  the  pris<jners,  a  oommunieation  was 
soon  established  between  the  Warsaw  troops  and  the  guard;  and  it 
was  arraneed  that  the  guard  should  have  their  guns  charged  with 
blank  cartridges  and  lire  at  the  assailants  when  thev  attempted  to 
enter  the  jail.  The  conspirators  came  up.  jumped  the  fence  arooDd 
the  jail,  were  fired  upon  by  the  guard,  which,  according  to  arrange- 
ment, was  overpowered,  and  the  assailants  entered  the  prison,  to 
the  door  of  the  room  where  the  two  prisoners  were  confined-  An 
attempt  was  made  to  break  open  the  door;  but  Joe  Smith,  being 
armed  with  a  pistol,  fired  several  times  as  the  door  was  bursted 
ijpen,  and  three  of  the  assailants  were  wounded.  At  the  same  time 
several  shots  were  fired  into  the  room,  bv  some  of  which  John 
Tavlor,  a  friend  of  the  Smiths,  received  four  wounds,  and  Hinun 
Smith  was  instantly  killed.  Joe  Smith,  severely  wounded,  attempt- 
ed to  escaj:»e  by  jumping  out  of  a  second-story  window,  but  was  so 
stunned  by  the  fall  that  he  was  unable  to  rise.  In  this  position  he 
was  dispatched  by  balls  shot  through  his  bidy.  Thus  fell  Joe 
Smith,  the  most  successful  imposter  of  modem  times.  Totally  ignor- 
ant of  almost  every  fact  in  science,  as  well  as  in  law,  he  made  up  in 
constmctiveness  and  natural  cunning  whatever  in  him  was  want- 
ing  of  instructioa. 

COXSTEILSrATION   AT   QULSCT. 

Great  consternation  prevailed  among  the  anti-Mormoi:;  &: 
Carthage,  after  the  killing  of  the  Smiths.  They  expected  the  Mor- 
mons would  be  so  enraged  on  hearing  of  the  death  of  their  leaders 
that  they  would  come  down  in  a  body,  armed  and  equipped,  to 
seek  revenge  upon  the  populace  at  Carthage.  Messengers  were 
dispatched  to  various  places  for  help  in  case  of  an  attack.  The 
women  and  children  were  moved  across  the  river  tor  safety.  A 
committee  was  sent  to  Quincy  and  early  the  following  morning, 
at  the  ringing  of  the  bells,  a  large  concourse  of  people  assembled 
to  devise  means  of  defense.  At  this  meeting,  it  was  reported  that 
the  Mormons  attempted  to  rescue  the  Smiths;  that  a  party  of  Mis- 
s«-varians  and  others  had  killed  them  to  prevent  their  escape:  that 


110  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

the  Governor  and  bis  party  were  at  Is'auvoo  at  the  time  when  intel- 
ligence of  tlie  fact  was  brought  there;  that  they  hud  been  attacked 
by  the  Nauvou  I^egion,  and  had  retreated  to  a  ImiLse  where  they 
were  closely  besieged;  tiiat  the  Governor  bad  sent  out  word  that 
he  could  maintain  his  position  for  two  days,  and  would  be  certain 
to  be  massacrod  if  assistance  did  not  arrive  by  that  time.  It  is 
unnecessary  to  say  that  this  entire  story  was  fabricated.  It  was 
put  in  circulation,  as  were  many  other  stories,  by  the  anti- Mormons, 
to  influence  the  public  mind  and  create  a  liatred  for  tlni  Mormons. 
The  ell'oct  of  it,  however,  was  that  by  10  o'clock  on  the  28th, 
between  two  ami  three  hundnd  men  from  Qiiincy.  under  command 
of  Maj.  Flood,  went  on  board  a  steamboat  for  Nauvoo,  to  assist  iu 
raising  the  siege,  as  they  honestly  believed. 

VARIofS    IH:PKK1)ATI0N8. 

It  was  thought  by  many;  and  indeed  the  circumstances  seem  to  war- 
rant the  conclusion,  that  the  assassins  of  Smith  had  arranged  that  the 
murder  should  occur  while  the  Ciovernor  was  in  Nauvoo;  that  the 
Mormons  would  naturally  6uj»pose  ho  planned  it,  and  in  the  first  out- 
pouring of  their  indignation  put  him  to  death,  as  a  means  of  retalia- 
tion. They  Uiought  that  if  they  could  have  the  Governor  of  the  State 
assassinated  l)y  Mormons,  the  public  excitement  would  be  greatly 
increased  against  that  ]»eojde,  and  would  cause  their  extermination, 
or  at  least  their  expulsion  from  the  State.  That  it  was  a  brutal  and 
})remeditated  murder  caniK;t  be  and  is  not  denied  at  this  duy;  but 
the  desired  ctfect  of  the  murder  was  not  attained,  as  the  Mormons 
did  not  evacuate  Xauvoo  for  two  years  afterward.  In  the  meantime, 
the  excitement  and  i)rejudice  against  this  people  were  not  allowed 
to  die  out.  Horse-stealing  was  quite  common,  and  every  cxise  that 
occurred  was  charged  to  the  Mormons.  That  they  were  guilty  of 
such  thefts  cannot  be  denied,  but  a  great  deal  of  this  work  done  at 
that  time  was  by  organized  bands  of  thieves,  who  knew  they  could 
carry  on  their  nefarious  business  with  more  safety,  as  long  as  sus- 
picion could  l)e  ]>laccd  up(jn  the  Mormons.  In  the  summer  and 
fall  of  1845  were  several  occurrences  of  a  nature  to  increase  the 
irritation  existing  between  the  Mormons  and  their  neighbors.  A 
suit  was  instituted  in  the  United  States  Circuit  Court  against  one 
of  the  apostles,  to  recover  a  note,  and  a  marshal  sent  to  summons 


IIISTORV    OF    ILLINOIS..  113 

the  defendant,  who  refused  to  be  served  with  the  process.  Indig- 
nation niectinij^s  were  held  by  the  saints,  and  the  marshal  threat- 
ened for  attempting  to  serve  the  writ.  About  this  time,  General 
Denning,  sheriff,  was  assaulted  by  an  anti-Mormon,  whom  he  killed. 
Denning  was  friendly  to  the  Mormons,  and  a  great  outl)urst  of 
passion  was  occasioned  among  the  friends  of  the  dead  man. 

INCENDIARISM. 

It  was  also  discovered,  in  trying  the  rights  of  property  at  Lima, 
Adams  county,  that  tlie  Mormons  had  an  institution  connected 
with  their  church  to  secure  their  effects  from  execution.  Incensed 
at  this  and  other  actions,  the  anti-Mormons  of  Lima  and  Green 
Plains,  held  a  meeting  to  devise  means  for  the  expulsion  of  the 
Mormons  from  that  part  of  the  country.  It  was  arranged  that  a 
number  of  their  own  ])arty  should  fire  on  the  building  in  which 
they  were  assembled,  in  such  a  manner  as  not  to  injure  anyone, 
and  then  report  that  the  Mormons  had  commenced  the  work  of 
])1  under  and  deafli.  This  plot  was  duly  executed,  and  the  startling 
intelligence  soon  called  together  a  mob,  w'hich  threatened  the  Mor- 
mons with  fire  and  sword  if  they  did  not  immediately  leave.  The 
Mormons  refusing  to  depart,  the  mob.  at  once  executed  their  threats 
by  burning  125  houses  and  forcing  the  inmates  to  flee  for  their 
lives.  The  sheriff  of  Hancock  county,  a  prominent  Mormon 
armed  several  hundred  Mormons  and  scoured  the  country,  in  search 
of  the  incendiaries,  but  they  had  fled  to  neighboring  counties,  and 
he  was  unable  either  to  bring  them  to  battle  or  make  any  arrests. 
One  man,  however,  was  killed  'M'ithout  provocation;  another 
attempting  to  escajie  was  shot  and  afterwards  hacked  and  muti- 
lated; and  Franklin  A.  Worrell,  who  had  charge  of  the  jail  when 
the  Smiths  were  killed,  was  shot  by  some  unknown  ])erson  con- 
cealed in  a  thicket.  The  anti-Mormons  committed  one  murder. 
A  party  of  them  set  fii-e  to  a  ])ile  of  straw,  near  the  barn  of  an  old 
Mormon,  nearly  ninety  3'ears  of  age,  and  when  he  appeared  to  ex- 
tinguish the  flames,  he  was  shot  and  killed. 

The  anti  Mormons  left  their  property  exposed  in  their  liurried 
retreat,  after  having  burned  the  houses  of  the  Mormons.  Those 
who  had  been  burned  out  sallied  forth  from  IS'auvooand  plundered 
the  whole  countrj-,  taking  whatever  they  could  carry  or  drive 
away.  By  order  of  the  Governor,  Gen.  Hardin  raised  a  force  of 
350  men,  checked  the  Mormon  ravages,  and  recalled  the  fugitive 
anti-Mormons  home. 


]14  HIST'HJY    OK    IIJ.INolS. 


MAKING    I'KKJ'A RATION    TO    LEAVE. 


At  tliis  time  a  convention,  cont^istint^  of  ilele;;ates  from  eiojlit  of 
the  atljoinin«;  counties,  asBeinlded  to  concert  measures;  ft>r  the  expul- 
sion of  the  Mormons  from  tiie  State.  The  Mormons  seriously  c  n- 
temjthited  cmmii;rati«>n  westward,  helieviti^  the  times  forhodud 
evil  for  them.  Acc*»rdingly,  durin«^  the  winter  of  1S4.">  '40,  thr 
m  st  fitupeiitlons  ])ri'j)unitions  were  nuule  l»y  the  Mormons  for 
removal.  All  the  jtrincipal  dwollin^i^s,  and  even  th«'  temple,  were 
converted  into  workshopu,  ami  iKjfore  spring,  12,0«tO  wapdis  were 
in  readiness;  and  l»y  the  mi«ldl<*  <)f  IVhruary  the  leaders,  with  2,00<> 
of  their lollower?,  ha«l  crossed  the  Mississippi  on  the  ice. 
.  liefore  the  spring?  of  1S4<)  the  majority  of  the  Mormons  had  left 
Nauvoo,  hut  still  a  lar^r  numlHr  remained. 

inE  lurrLE  ok  .nalvoo. 

in  SejtiLinbcr  a  writ  was  issued  againj^t  several  prominent  Mor- 
mons, and  j>lace«l   in   the  hands  of  John  C'arliii,  of  ("arthaifc,   for 
execution.     C'arlin  called  out  a  ]m>s!«4'  tt»  help  make  the  arrewt,  which 
brought  tt>gether  (juite  a  large  fttrce  in  the  neighlK»rh«M>d  of  Nauvoo. 
Carlin,  not  l»iing  u  military  man,  placet]  in  e«>mnnind  of  the  poste, 
first,  (ten.  Singleton,  and  afterward  Col.  Hrockman.  who  proceeded 
t<»  invest  the  city,  erecting  breastworks,  and  taking  other  means  for 
defensive  as  well  as  otfensive  o|>enitions.     What  was  then  terme<l  a 
battle  next  t<»ok  jdacc,  resulting  in  the  death  of  one  Mormon  and 
the  wounding  of  sevenil  t»thers,  und   loss  to  the   anti-Mormons  of 
three  kille<i  and  four  wounde^l.  *  At  last,  through  the  intervention 
of  an  anti-Morm«>n   committee  of  one  )iundri>4l,  from  (^uincy,  the 
^Itirmons  and  their  allies  were  ifiduee*!  to  submit  to  such  terms  as 
the  ]>osse  choice  to  dictate,  which  were  that  the  Mormons   should 
immediately  give  up  tin  ir  arms  to  the  Qiiiney   committee,  and  re- 
move from  the  State.     The  trustees  of  the  church  and  live  of  their 
clerks  were  permitted  to  remain  for  the  sale  of  Mormon  ]>r<»perty, 
and  the  ]»o^^e  were  to  march  in  unm<dested,  and  leave  a  sullicient 
force  to  guarantee  the  ]»erf<»rmanco  of  their  stipulations.     Accord- 
ingly, the  constable's  po8.se  marched  in  with  Urockman  at  their 
head.     It    c»nsisted   of  about   800   arnjed    men   and    COO    or   70<» 
unarmetl,  who  had  assembled  from  all  the  country  around,  through 
motives  of  curiosity,  to  see  the  once  proud   city  of  Nauvoo  lium- 
blfcd  an<l  delivered   nj>  to  its  enemies.     They  proceeded  into  the 


IlISTOKV    OF    ILLINOIS.  117 

city  slowly  and  carefully,  exaiiiiiiinof  the  way  for  fear  of  the  explo- 
sion of  a  mine,  many  of  which  had  been  made  by  the  Mormons, 
by  burying  kegs  of  powder  in  the  ground,  jrith  a  man  stationed  at 
a  distance  to  pull  a  string  communicating  with  the  trigger  of  a 
percussion  lock  affixed  to  the  keg.  This  kind  of  a  contrivance  was 
called  by  the  Mormons  "  hell's  half-acre.'"  AVhen  the  posse 
arrived  in  the  citv,  the  leaders  of  it  erected  themselves  into  a  tri- 
bunal  to  decide  who  should  be  forced  away  and  who  remain. 
Parties  were  dispatched  to  hunt  for  fire-arms,  and  for  Mormons,  and 
to  l)ring  them  to  judgment.  When  brought,  they  received  tlieir 
doom  from  the  mouth  of  Brockman,  who  sat  a  grim  and  unawed 
tyrant  for  the  time.  As  a  general  rule,  the  Mormons  were  ordered 
to  leave  within  an  hour  or  two;  and  by  rare  grace  some  of  them 
were  allowed  until  next  day,  and  in  a  few  cases  longer  time  was 
granted. 

MALTREATMENT   OF   NEW   CITIZENS. 

Nothing  was  said  in  the  treaty  in  regard  to  the  new  citizens,  who 
had  with  the  Mormons  defended  the  city;  but  the  posse  no  sooner 
had  obtained  possession  than  they  commenced  expelling  them. 
Some  of  them  were  ducked  in  the  river,  and  were  in  one  or  two 
instances  actually  baptized  in  the  name  of  some  of  the  leaders 
of  the  mob;  others  were  forcibly  driven  into  the  ferry-boats  to  be 
taken  over  the  river  before  the  bayonets  of  armed  ruffians.  Many 
of  these  new  settlers  were  strangers  in  the  country  from  various 
parts  of  the  United  States,  who  were  attracted  there  by  the  low- 
price  of  property;  and  they  knew  but  little  of  previous  difficulties 
or  the  merits  of  the  quarrel.  They  saw  with  their  own  eyes  that 
the  Mormons  were  industriously  preparing  to  go  away,  and  they 
knew  "of  their  own  knowledge  "  that  any  effort  to  expel  them  by 
force  was  gratuitous  and  unnecessary  cruelty.  They  had  been  trained, 
by  the  States  whence  they  came,  to  abhor  mobs  and  to  obey  the  law, 
and  they  volunteered  their  services  under  executive  authority  to 
defend  their  town  and  their  property  against  mob  violence,  and,  as 
they  honestly  believed,  from  destruction ;  but  in  this  they  were  partly 
mistaken;  for  although  the  mob  leaders  in  the  exercise  of  unbridle<l 
power  were  guilty  of  many  injuries  to  the  persons  of  individuals, 
although  much  persoiial  property  was  stolen,  yet  they  abstained 
from  materially  injuring  houses  and  buildings. 


118  IlISloKV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

THE    MoKMuNS    KKACII    SALT    LAKE. 

The  fugitives  proceeded  westward,  taking;  the  road  throui^h  Mio- 
80uri,  l>iit  were  t'orcibl\*ejected  from  that  State  aii«l  compelled  to 
move  indirectly  through  Iowa.  After  innumerable  liardships  the 
advance  iruanl  reached  the  Missouri  river  at  Council  iJlutfs,  when 
a  United  States  officer  presented  a  retjuisition  for  500  men  to 
servo  in  the  war  with  Mexico.  Compliance  with  this  order  so  di- 
minished their  numlxir  of  elVective  men,  that  the  expedition  was 
again  delayed  and  the  remainder,  consisting  mostly  i»f  old  men, 
women  and  children,  hastily  prepared  habitations  for  winter. 
Their  rudely  constructed  tentri  were  hanlly  completetl  before  winter 
eet  in  with  great  severity,  the  bleak  prairies  being  incessantly  swept 
by  piercing  winds.  While  here  cholera,  fever  and  other  diseiuies, 
aggravated  by  the  |)revioiLs  hardships,  the  want  of  comfortable 
(juarters  and  medical  treatment,  hurried  many  of  them  to  ])renui- 
tnre  graves,  yet,  under  the  intluence  of  religious  fervor  and  fanati- 
cism, they  looked  death  in  the  face  with  resignation  and  cheerful- 
ness, and  even  exhibited  a  gayety  whicli  manifested  itself  in  music 
and  dancing  during  tlie  saddest  hours  of  this  sad  winter. 

At  length  welcome  spring  made  its  ap)»earancc,  and  by  April 
they  wery  agjiin  i»rgani/t'<l  for  tiie  journey;  a  pioneer  party,  con- 
sisting of  Drigham  Young  and  140  others,  was  sent  in  advance  to 
locate  a  home  for  the  colonists.  On  the  21  of  July,  ls47,  a  day 
memorable  in  Mormon  anmils,  the  vanguard  reached  the  valley  of 
the  (ircat  Salt  Lake,  having  boen  directed  thither,  according  to 
their  accounts,  bv  the  hand  of  the  Almii^htv.  Here  inadistatit  wil- 
derness,  nddway  K'tween  the  settlements  of  the  Kiist  and  the  Pacific, 
and  at  that  time  a  tliousand  miles  from  the  utmost  verge  of  civili- 
zation, they  commence<l  preparations  for  founding  a  colony,  which 
has  since  grown  into  a  mighty  enijtire. 

MKXICAN  WAR. 

During  the  month  of  May,  1S46,  the  President  called  for  four 
regiments  of  volunteers  from  Illinois  for  the  Mexican  war.  This 
was  no  sooner  known  in  the  State  than  nine  regiments,  numbering 
8,370  men,  answered  the  call,  though  only  four  of  them,  amounting 
t«»  3,720  men,  could  be  taken.  These  regiment-^,  as  well  as  their 
officers,  were  everywhere  foremost  in  the  American  ranks,  and  dia- 


UlSTORV    OK    ILLINOIS.  11 9 

tinguished  themselves  by  their  matclilesa  valor  in  the  bloodiest 
battles  of  the  war.  Veterans  never  fought  more  nobly  and  etfect- 
ively  than  did  the  volunteers  from  Illinois.  At  the  bloody  battle  of 
Biiena  Vista  they  crowned  their  lives — many  their  death — with  the 
laurels  of  war.  Never  did  armies  contend  more  bravelv,  determined!  v 
and  stubbornly  than  the  American  and  Mexican  forces  at  this  famous 
battle;  and  as  Illinois  troops  were  ever  in  the  van  and  on  the  blood- 
iest portions  of  the  field,  we  believe  a  short  sketch  of  the  part  they 
took  in  the  tierce  contest  is  due  them,  and  will  be  read  with  no  lit- 
tle interest. 

BATTLE   OF    BUENA    VISTA. 

General  Santa  Anna,  with  his  army  of  20,000,  poured  into  the 
valley  of  Aqua  Nueva  early  on  the  morning  of  the  22d  of  Februarv, 
hoping  to  surprise  our  army,  consisting  of  about  5,000  men,  under 
Gen.  Taylor  and  which  had  retreated  to  the  "  Narrows."  They 
were  hotly  pursued  by  the  Mexicans  who,  before  attacking,  sent 
Gen.  Taylor  a  flag  of  truce  demanding  a  surrender,  and  assuring 
him  that  if  he  refused  he  would  be  cut  to  pieces;  but  the  demand 
was  promptly  refused.  At  this  the  enemy  opened  fire,  and  the  con- 
flict began.  In  honor  of  the  day  the  watchword  with  our  soldiers 
was,  "  The  memory  of  Washington."  An  irregular  fire  was  kept  up 
all  day,  and  at  night  both  armies  bivouacked  on  the  field,  resting  on 
their  arms.  Santa  Anna  that  night  made  a  spirited  address  to  his 
men,  and  the  stirring  strains  of  his  own  band  till  late  in  the  night 
were  distinctly  heard  by  our  troops;  but  at  last  silence  fell  over  the 
hosts  that  were  to  contend  unto  death  in  that  narrow  pass  on  the 
morrow. 

Early  on  the  following  morning  the  battle  was  resumed,  and  con- 
tinued without  intermission  until  nightfall.  The  solid  columns  of 
the  enemy  were  hurled  against  our  forces  all  day  long,  but  were 
met  and  held  in  check  by  the  unerring  fire  of  our  musketry  and  ar- 
tillery. A  portion  of  Gen.  Lane's  division  was  driven  back  by  the 
enemy  under  Gen.  Loinbardini,  who,  joined  by  Gen.  Pacheco's  divis- 
ion,  poured  upon  the  main  plateau  in  so  formidable  numbers  as 
to  appear  irresistible. 

BRAVERY   OF   THE   SECOND    ILLINOIS. 

At  this  time  the  2d  Illinois,  under  Col.  Bissell,  with  a  squadron 
of  cavalry  and  a  few  pieces  of  artillery  came  handsomely  into  action 


1-20  lUSTOUY    W    II.I.I.NUIS. 

and  gallantly  received  the  concentrated  lire  of  tlio  enemy,  wlilcli 
they  retnrned  with  deliberate  aim  and  terrible  etl'ect;   every  dis- 
chari^e  of  the  artillery  seemed  to  tear  a  bliody  path  through  the 
heavy    columns   of  enemy.      Says   a  writer:      "The  rapid    mus- 
ketry of  the  t^allant  troops  from  Illinois  j)oured  a  storm  of  leail 
into  their  serried  ranks,  which  literally  strewed  the  ground  with 
the  dead  and  dving."     Jiut,  notwithstandin;:  his  losses,  the  enemy 
Pteadilv  advancetl  until  our  jjallant   regiment    received  tire    from 
three  sides.     Still  they  maintained  their  position  for  a  time  with 
unllinching  lirmncss  ngainst  that  immense  liost.     At  length,  j)er- 
ceiving  the  danger  of  being  entirely  surrounded,  it  wjw  determined 
to  fall  back  to  a  ravine,     ('ol.  Hissel,  witii  the  coolness  of  ordinary 
drill,  ordered  the  signal  "  cease  tiring  "  to  be  made;  lie  then  with 
tlie  same  deliberation  gave  the  command,  "Face  to  the  rear,  D.it 
talion,  about  face;  forward  march,"  which  was  executed  with  the 
regularity  of  veterans  to  a  point  l>cyond  the  peril  of  being  out- 
flanked.    AgJiin,in  obedience  to  command  these  brave  men  lialted- 
faced  about,  and  under  a  murtlerous  tempest  of  bullets  from  tlie  for. 
resumed  their  well-directed  fire.     The  conduct  of  no  troops  could 
have  been  more  admirable;  ami,  too,  until  that  day  tliey   had  never 
been  utidtT  lire,  when,  within  less  than  half  an  hour  eighty  of  theii' 
Comrades  dropjK'd  by  their  sides.    How  different  from  the  Arkansas 
regimi'Ut,  which  were  ordered  to  the  plateau,  but  after  delivering 
their  first  volley  gave  way  and  dispersed. 

8ADnt-ST    EVENT   OF   THE    BATTLE. 

But  now  we  have  to  relate  the  sa<ldest,  and,  for  Illinois,  the  most 
mournful,  event  of  that  battle-worn  day.  We  take  the  account 
from  Colton's  Uistorv  of  the  battle  of  liuena  Vista.  "As  the  enemy 
on  our  left  was  moving  in  retreat  along  the  head  of  tiie  Plateau, 
our  artillery  was  advanced  until  within  range,  and  opened  a  lieavy 
fire  upon  him,  while  Cols.  Hardin,  Bissell  and  McKee,  with  their 
Illinois  and  Kentucky  troops,  dashed  gallantly  forward  in  hot  pur- 
suit. A  powerful  reserve  of  the  Mexican  army  was  then  just 
emerging  from  tlie  ravine,  where  it  had  been  organized,  and 
advanced  on  the  j)lateau,  opposite  the  head  of  the  southernniusl 
gorge.  Those  who  were  giving  way  rallie<i  quickly  upon  it;  when 
the  whole  force,  thus  increased  to  over  12,000  men,  came  forward 
in  a  perfect  blaze  of  fire.  It  was  a  single  column,  composed  of  the 
best  Soldiers  of  the  republic,  having  for  its  advanced  battalions  the 


^ 


■f'^' 


?4  ^ 

.TV    '  ■•  ■•'  ■ .  -T  ' 


^(ENK  ON    I'.iX   RI\KR. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  12'S 

Veteran  regiments.  The  Kentucky  and  Illinois  troops  were  soon 
obliged  to  give  grouiul  before  it  and  seek  the  shelter  of  the  second 
gorge.  The  enemy  pressed  on,  arriv'ing  opposite  tlie  head  of  the 
second  gorge.  ^  One-lialf  of  the  column  suddenly  enveloped  it,  while 
the  other  half  })ressed  on  across  the  plateau,  having  for  the  moment 
nothing  to  resist  them  but  tlie  tlirce  guns  in  their  front.  The  por- 
tion that  was  immediately  opposed  to  tlie  Kentucky  and  Illinois 
troops,  ran  down  along  each  side  of  the  gorge,  in  whicli  they  liad 
sought  shelter,  and  also  circled  around  its  head,  leaving  no  possible 
way  of  escape  for  them  except  by  its  mouth,  which  opened 
upon  tlic  road.  Its  sides,  which  were  steej"), — at  least  an  angle  of 
45  degrees, — were  covered  with  loose  pebbles  and  stones,  and  con- 
verged to  a  point  at  the  bottom.  Down  there  were  our  poor  fel- 
lows, nearly  three  regiments  of  them  (1st  and  2d  Illinois  and  2d 
Kentucky),  with  but  little  opportunity  to  load  or  lire  a  gun,  being 
hardly  able  to  keep  their  feet.  Above  the  whole  edge  of  the 
gorge,  all  the  way  around,  was  darkened  by  the  serried  masses  of 
the  enemy,  and  was  bristling  with  muskets  directed  on  the  crowd 
beneath.  It  was  no  time  to  pause.  Those  who  were  not  immedi- 
ately shot  down  rushed  on  toward  the  road,  their  number  growing 
less  and  less  as  the>'  went,  Kentuckians  and  lUinoisans,  officers  and 
men,  all  mixed  up  in  confusion,  and  all  pressing  on  over  the  loose 
pebbles  and  rolling  stones  of  those  shelving,  precipitous  baidcs, 
and  having  lines  and  lines  of  the  enemy  tiring  down  from  each 
side  and  rear  as  they  went.  Just  then  the  enemy's  cavalry,  which 
had  gone  to  the  left  of  the  reserve,  had  come  over  the  spur  that 
divides  the  mouth  of  the  second  gorge  from  that  of  the  third,  and 
were  now  closing  up  the  only  door  through  which  there  was  the 
least  shadow  of  a  chance  for  their  lives.  Many  of  those  ahead 
endeavored  to  force  their  way  out,  but  few  succeeded.  The  lancers 
were  fully  six  to  one,  and  their  long  weapons  were  already  reeking 
with  blood.  It  was  at  tiiis  time  that  those  who  were  still  back  in 
that  dreadful  gorge  heard,  above  the  din  of  the  musketry  and  the 
shouts  of  the  enemy  around  them,  the  roar  of  Washington's  Bat- 
tery. Xo  music  could  have  been  more  grateful  to  their  eai's.  A 
moment  only,  and  the  whole  opening,  where  the  lancers  were  busy, 
rang  with  the  repeated  explosions  of  splierical-case  shot.  They 
gave  way.  The  gate,  as  it  were,  was  clear,  and  out  upon  the  road 
a   stream    of  our   poor    fellows  issued.     They  ran    panting   down 


124  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

toward  the  battery,  and  directly  under  tlie  tl^dit  of  iron  then  pas- 
sing over  their  heads,  into  tlie  retreatini;  cavah-y.  Hardin,  McKee, 
Clay,  Willis,  Zahriskie,  Houghton — but  why  go  on?  It  would  be 
a  sad  task  indeed  to  name  over  all  who  fell  during  this  twenty 
minutes'  slaughter.  The  whole  gorge,  from  the  plateau  to  its 
mouth,  was  strewed  with  our  dead.  All  deadl  !No  wounded  there 
— not  a  man;  for  the  infantry  had  rushed  down  the  sides  and  com- 
pleted the  work  with  the  bayonet." 

VKTOUV    VOK    oCIt    AKMV. 

The  artillery  on  the  ])lateau  stubbornly  maintained  its  j)osition. 
The  remnants  of  the  let  and  2d  Illinois  reginients,  after  issuing 
from  the  fated  gorge,  were  formed  and  again  brought  into  action, 
the  former,  after  the  fall  of  the  noble  Hardin,  under  Lieut.  Col. 
Weatherford,  the  latter  under  Iiisfc.ell.  The  enemy  brought  forth 
reinforcements  and  a  brisk  artillery  duel  was  kept  up;  bwtgradually, 
as  tlie  shades  of  night  begjin  to  cover  the  earth,  the  rattle  of  muh 
ketry  slackened,  and  when  the  pall  of  night  was  thrown  over  that 
bloody  field  it  ceased  altogether.  Each  army,  after  the  fierce  and 
long  struggle,  ticcupied  nuich  the  same  position  as  it  did  in  the 
morning.  However,  early  on  the  folK>wing  morning,  the  glad 
tidings  were  heralded  amidst  our  army  that  the  enemy  had  retreated, 
thus  again  crowning  the  American  banners  witli  victory 

OIUKR   noNolMI)   NAMTS  OK  TUIS  WAli. 

Other  bright  names  from  Illinois  that  shine  as  stars  in  thic 
war  are  those  of  Shields,  IJaker,  Harris  and  Coflee,  which  arc 
indis^olubly  conneete<l  with  the  glorious  capture  of  Vera  Cruz 
and  the  not  less  famous  storming  of  Cerro  (.Jordo.  In  this  latter 
action,  when,  after  the  valiant  Crvn.  Shields  had  been  jtlaced  /tore 
lie  combdtf  the  command  of  his  force,  consisting  of  three  regiments, 
devoled  upon  Col.  Baker.  This  officer,  witli  his  men,  stormed  with 
unheard-of  j)rowess  the  last  stronghold  of  the  Me.xiwms,  sweeping 
everything  before  them.  Such  indeed  were  tlie  intre})id  valor  and 
daring  couraue  exliibited  by  Illinois  volunteers  during  the  Mexican 
war  that  their  deeds  should  live  in  the  memory  of  their  countrymen 
until  those  latest  times  when  the  very  name  of  America  shall  liave 
been  forgotten. 


12.5 

THE  WAii  roil  THE  union. 

On  the  fourth  day  of  March,  1861,  after  the  must  exciting  and 
momentous  political  cam})aign  known  in  the  history  of  this  country, 
Abraliani  Liucohi — America's  martyred  President — was  inaugu- 
rated Chief  Magistrate  of  the  United  States.  This  fierce  contest 
was  principally  sectional,  and  as  the  announcement  was  flashed  over 
the  telegraph  wires  that  the  Hepublican  Presidential  candidate  had 
been  elected,  it  was  hailed  by  the  South  as  a  justifiable  ])retext  for 
dissolving  the  Union.  Said  Jefl^Drson  Davis  in  a  speech  at  Jackson, 
Miss.,  prior  to  the  election,  "If  an  abolitionist  be  chosen  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  you  will  have  presented  to  you  the 
question  whether  you  will  permit  the  government  to  pass  into 
the  hands  of  your  avowed  and  implacable  enemies.  Without 
pausing  for  an  answer,  I  will  state  my  own  position  to  be  that 
such  a  result  would  be  a  species  of  revolution  by  which  the 
purpose  of  the  Government  would  be  destroyed,  and  the  obser- 
vances of  its  mere  forms  entitled  to  no  respect.  In  that  event, 
in  such  manner  as  should  be  most  expedient,  I  should  deem  it 
your  duty  to  provide  for  your  safety  outside  of  the  Union."  Said 
another  Southern  politician,  when  speaking  on  the  same  sub- 
ject, "  "\Ye  shall  fire  the  Southern  heart,  instruct  the  Southern 
mind,  give  courage  to  each,  and  at  the  proper  moment,  by  one 
organized,  concerted  action,  we  can  precipitate  the  Cotton  States 
into  a  revolution."  To  disrupt  the  Union  and  form  a  government 
which  recognized  the  absolute  supremacy  of  the  white  ])opulation 
and  the  perpetual  bondage  of  the  black  was  what  they  deemed 
freedom  from  the  galling  yoke  of  a  Republican  administration. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN  DID  NOT  SEEK  THE  rRESIDENCY. 

Hon.  R.  "W.  Miles,  of  Knox  county,  sat  on  the  floor  by  the  side 
of  Abraham  Lincoln  in  the  Library  room  of  the  Capitol,  in  Spring- 
field, at  the  secret  caucus  meeting,  held  in  January,  1S50,  when 
Mr.  Lincoln's  name  was  first  spoken  of  in  caucus  as  candidate  lor 
Pre>vident.  When  a  gentleman,  in  making  a  short  speech,  said, 
"  We  are  going  to  bring  Abraham  Lincoln  out  as  a  candidate  for 
President,"  Mr.  Lincoln  at  once  arose  to  his  feet,  and  exclaimed, 
"For  God's  sake,  let  me  alone!  I  have  sutt'ered  enough!"  This 
was  soon  after  he  had  been  defeated  in  the  Legislature  for  United 
States  Senate    by  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  and  only  those  who    are 


126  I1I6TOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

intimate  with  that  importsint  and  unparalleled  eonteet  C4in  ap})re- 
ciate  the  full  force  and  ineanin«;  of  these  exju'cssive  words  of  the 
martyred  President.  Tlu  y  were  s]>ontaneous,  and  prove  beyond  a 
shadow  of  doubt  that  Abraham  Lincoln  did  not  seek  the  high  ])osi- 
tion  of  Presiilent.  Nor  did  he  use  anv  trickery  or  chicanery  to 
obtain  it.  But  his  expre8se<l  wish  was  not  to  be  complied  with; 
our  beloved  country  needed  a  savior  and  a  martyr,  ami  Fate  had 
decreed  that  he  should  be  the  victim.  After  Mr.  J>incoln  Mas 
elected  President,  Mr.  Miles  sent  him  an  eagle's  (juill,  with  which 
the  chief  magistrate  wrote  his  lirst  inaugural  address.  Tl»e  letter 
written  by  ]^lr.  Miles  to  the  President,  ai:<l  sent  with  the  (piill, 
which  was  two  feet  in  length,  is  such  a  jewel  of  clocjuence  and 
prophecy  that  it  should  be  given  a  ])lace  in  history: 

I'kusikeu,  Dncmlx'r  21,  IWO. 
Hon.  a.  F-incoi.n  : 

Ikar  Str  :  —  IMtasf  iinrpt  the  iHjrli'  (|Uill  1  ppiiiiistil  v<iu,  l>v  th<'  hnml  <if  our 
Uipn's<ritiilivf,  A.  A.  Smilli.  'Iln-  hinl  fmiii  w!ii>>c  win;;  \\u-  qiifll  wiis  tiikni,  wiui 
shot  )>y  .IdIiii  F  Dillon,  in  I'<T>ir«T  township,  Knox  (;«».,  IIU.,  in  Ffl».,  lK.'i7  Hay- 
ing IwanI  tli:it  .Iiunis  Uucliiinun  was  furnisluil  u  iili  iiti  i-aijU'  (jUill  to  write  his 
Inaui^iral  willi.and  iM-licvin^  titut  in  1M<K),  a  K»  |ml)litan  wouUl  Ik-  ch-cttHl  to  l.ikc 
hiii  pla<f,  I  iU'l«rinini-<l  to  nave  this  (|Mil!  and  pn-si-nt  it  to  tin-  fortunate  man.  wlio- 
•  ver  lie  nn>;ht  Im-.  Ueport.s  tell  us  that  tlie  hinl  which  furnished  Ihu  hanan'>  ipiill 
was  a  (  ajitured  hinl.  — fli  enihhin  of  the  n>an  that  u.-*«*<l  it  ;  hut  the  hinl  fri>ni 
which  this  «|uill  wiis  taken,  yield«il  the  <|Uill  oidv  with  his  lile,  — fil  cinhleni  of  the 
lu.in  who  i.s  ex|H<ted  to  uw  il,  for  true  I{e|)uhlicanH  iK-lieve  that  you  would  not 
think  life  wbrili  the  keepinjj  aOer  the  surrender  of  princiide.  (Jreut  dillii  idlies 
surround  you  ;  traitors  to  thi-ir  country  have  threaten*-*!  your  life  ;  and  should 
you  Ik-  called  upon  to  surrenih-r  it  at  '■  of  duty,  your  memory  will  live  f<jr- 

evfr  in  tlie  heart  of  every  In-vnian  .  .;  is  a  jrriiuiier  mouumeut  than  (an  Ijc 

huilt  uf  hrick  or  inarhle! 

•'F'      '  '  •  keep. 


At.- 


VoufH  Truly, 


R  W.  M11.E8. 


STATES   6E('KI>INO. 


At  the  time  of  President  Lincoln's  accession  to  power,  several 
members  of  the  Union  claimed  they  had  withdrawn  from  it,  and 
styling  themselves  the  "  Confederate  States  of  America,"  organ- 
ized a  separate  government.  The  house  was  indeed  divided 
against  itself,  but  it  should  not  fall,  nor  should  it  long  continue 
divided,  was  the  hearty,  determined  response  of  every  loyal  heart 
in  the  nation.  The  accursed  institution  of  human  slavery  was 
the  ]>rimary  cause  for  this  dissoltition  of  the  American  Union. 
Doubtless  other  agencies  served  to  intensify  the  hostile  feel 
ings  which  existed  between  the  Northern  and  Southern  j»ortion» 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINt>IP.  127 

of  our  conntrv,  but  their  remote  origin  could  be  traced  to  this  great 
national  evil.  ll;id  Lincoln's  ]»redeces8or  put  forth  a  timely,  ener- 
getic effort,  he  might  have  prevented  the  bloody  war  our  nation 
was  called  to  j)ass  through.  On  the  other  hand  every  aid  was  given 
the  rebels;  every  advantage  and  all  the  power  of  the  Government 
was  placed  at  their  disposal,  and  when  Illinois'  honest  son  took  the 
reins  of  the  Republic  he  found  Buchanan  had  been  a  traitor  to  his 
trust,  and  given  over  tit  the  South  all  available  means  of  war. 

THE  FALL  OF  SUMTKR. 

On  the  12th  day  of  April,  1S61,  the  rebels,  who  for  weeks  had 
been  erecting  their  batteries  upon  the  shore,  after  demanding  of 
Major  Anderson  a  surrender,  opened  fire  upon  Fort  Sumter.  For 
thirtj'-four  hours  an  incessant  cannonading  was  continued;  the  fort 
was  being  seriously  injured;  provisions  were  almost  gone,  and  Major 
Aiiderson  was  compelled  to  haul  down  the  stars  ami  stripes.  That 
dear  old  tiag  which  had  seldom  been  lowered  to  a  foreign  foe  by 
rebel  hands  was  now  trailed  in  the  dust.  The  first  blow  of  the 
terrible  conflict  which  summoned  vast  armies  into  the  field,  and 
moistened  the  soil  of  a  nation  in  fraternal  blood  and  tears,  had 
been  struck.  The  gauntlet  thus  thrown  down  by  the  attack  on 
Sumter  by  the  traitors  of  the  South  was  accepted — not,  however, 
in  the  spirit  with  which  insolence  meets  insolence — but  with  a  firm, 
determined  spirit  of  patriotism  and  love  of  country.  Tiie  duty  of 
t!ie  President  was  plain  under  the  constitution  and  the  laws,  and 
above  and  beyond  all,  the  peo])le  from  whom  all  political  ])ower  is 
derived,  demanded  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and  sto  "d  ready 
to  sustain  the  authority  of  their  representative  and  executive 
oificers.  Promptly  did  the  new  President  issue  a  proclamation 
eallin^r  for  his  countrvmen  to  join  with  him  to  defend  their  homes 
and  their  country,  and  vindicate  her  honor.  This  call  was  made 
April  14,  two  days  after  Sumter  was  first  fired  upon,  and  was  for 
75,000  men.  On  the  15th,  the  same  day  he  was  notified.  Gov. 
Vutes  issued  his  proclamation  convening  the  Legislature,  lie  also 
ordered  the  organization  of  six  regiments.  Trooj)S  were  in  abund- 
ance, and  the  call  was  no  sooner  made  than  filled.  Patriotism 
thrilled  and  vibrated  and  pulsated  through  every  heart.  The  farm, 
the  workshop,  the  office,  the  ])ulpit,  the  bar,  the  bench,  the  college, 
t!ie  school-house, — every  calling  offered  its  best  men,  theii-  lives  and 
tlieir  fortunes,  in  defense   of  the  Government's  honor  and   unity. 


128  mSTOKV    <>K    II.I.INOItJ. 

Jiittor  words  spoken  in  moments  «>f  jxditical  heat  were  forgotten 
aiul  forgiven,  and  joining  liands  in  a  common  canse,  they  repeated 
the  oatli  of  Americji's  soldier-statesman:  "  By  the  Great  JEbernal, 
the  Lnion  mutt  and  shall  be  y>rt'«f'/vv(/."  The  honor,  the  very 
life  and  glory  of  the  nation  was  <x>mmitted  to  the  stern  arhitrament 
of  the  sword,  and  soon  the  tramp  of  armed  men,  the  clash  of 
mubketry  and  the  lieavv  boom  of  artillery  reverherated  throngliout 
the  c«.)ntinent;  rivers  of  blood  sauldened  by  tears  of  mothers,  wives, 
sisters,  daughters  and  sweethearts  Howed  from  the  lakes  to  the 
gulf,  but  a  nation  wjis  saved.  The  sacritice  was  great,  but  the 
Union  was  preserved. 

CAM.   Koit  Tltnnr-;   iM:i>VI'ri  V    V  N><\VKIJKI». 

Simultaneously  with  the  cull  lor  lro*»ps  by  tiic  Trosidcnt,  enlist- 
ments commt-need  in  this  Slate,  and  within  ten  days  10,000 
Volunteers  olfered  service,  ami  the  sum  of  :j»  1  ,(»(>( »,000  was  ten<lered 
l>y  j»atri<»tic  citizens.  Of  the  volunteers  wlu»  otVered  their  services, 
only  si.\  regiments  could  be  accejited  under  the  quota  of  the  Stat**, 
l^it  the  time  soon  came  vrhen  there  wsis  a  place  and  a  musket  for 
every  num.  The  si.x  regiments  raised  were  designate*!  by  numbers 
commencing  with  seven,  as  a  mark  of  rospoct  for  the  six  regiments 
which  luid  served  in  the  Mexican  war.  Another  call  WJis  antici- 
pated, and  the  Legislature  authorized  ton  additional  regiments  to 
be  urgjinized.  Over  two  hundri'd  companies  were  imnujliately 
raised  from  which  were  selected  the  recpiired  numlaT.  No  sooner 
was  this  done  than  the  President  made  another  call  for  troops,  six 
regiments  were  again  our  pro|K)rtion,  although  by  earnest  solicita- 
tion the  remaining  fourwrre  accepted.  There  were  n  large  numlM-r 
i»f  men  with  a  patriotic  desire  to  enter  the  service  who  were  denie<l 
this  j)rivilege.  Many  of  them  wept,  while  others  joined  regiments 
from  other  States.  In  May,  June  and  July  seventeen  regiments 
t)f  infantry  an«l  live  of  chivalry  were  raised,  and  in  the  latter  month, 
when  the  President  issued  his  first  call  for  50<),00o  volunteers, 
Illinois  tendered  thirteen  regiments  of  infantry  and  three  of  cavalrv, 
and  so  anxious  were  her  sons  to  have  the  llebellion  crushed  that 
tlie  number  could  have  been  increased  by  thousands.  At  the 
close  of  ls»;i  Illinois  had  sent  to  the  field  nearly  50,000  men,  and 
had  17,000  in  Ci\mp  awaiting  marching  orders,  thus  exceeding  her 
full  quota  by  15,0<'0. 


inSTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  129 

A    VAST    ARMV    RAISED    IN    KLEVEN    DAYS. 

Ill  July  and  August  of  18G2  the  President  called  for  600,000 
men — our  quota  of  which  was  52,290 — and  gave  until  August  18  as 
the  limits  in  which  the  number  might  be  raised  by  volunteering, 
after  M-hich  a  draft  would  be  ordered.  The  State  had  already  fur- 
nished 17,000  in  excess  of  her  quota,  and  it  was  first  thought  this 
number  would  be  deducted  from  the  present  requisition,  but  that 
could  not  be  done.  But  thirteen  days  were  granted  to  enlist  tliis 
vast  army,  which  had  to  come  from  tlie  farmers  and  mechanics. 
Tiie  former  were  in  the  midst  of  harvest,  but,  inspired  by  love  of 
country,  over  50,000  of  them  left  their  harvests  ungathered,  their 
tools  and  their  benches,  the  ])lows  in  their  furrows,  turning  their 
backs  on  their  homes,  and  betbre  eleven  days  had  expired  the 
demands  of  the  Government  were  met  and  both  quotas  filled. 

The  war  went  on,  and  call  followed  call,  until  it  began  to  look  as 
if  there  would  not  be  men  enough  in  all  the  Free  States  to  crush 
out  and  subdue  the  monstrous  war  traitors  had  inauijurated.  But 
to  every  call  for  either  men  or  money  there  was  a  willing  and  ready 
response.  And  it  is  a  boast  of  the  people  that,  had  the  supply  of 
men  fallen  short,  there  were  women  brave  enough,  daring  enough, 
patriotic  enough,  to  have  offered  themselves  as  sacrifices  on  their 
country's  altar.  On  the  21st  of  December,  186-1,  the  last  call  for 
troops  was  made.  It  was  for  300,000.  In  consequence  of  an  ini- 
perfect  enrollment  of  the  men  subject  to  military  duty,  it  became 
evident,  ere  this  call  was  made,  that  Illinois  was  furnishing  thous- 
ands of  men  more  than  what  her  quota  would  have  been,  had  it 
been  correct.  So  glaring  had  this  disproportion  become,  that 
under  this  call  the  quota  of  some  districts  exceeded  the  number  of 
able-bodied  men  in  them. 

A    GENERAL    SUMMARY. 

Following  this  sketch  we  give  a  schedule  of  all  the  volunteer 
troops  organized  from  this  State,  from  the  commencement  to  the 
close  of  the  war.  It  is  taken  from  the  Adjutant  General's  report. 
The  number  of  the  regiment,  name  of  original  Colonel,  call  under 
which  recruited,  date  of  organization  and  muster  into  the  United 
States'  service,  place  of  muster,  and  aggregate  strength  of  each 
organization,  from  which  we  find  tliat  Illinois  put  into  her  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  regiments  250,000  men,  and  into  the  United  States 


130  UI8TOKY    Oh"    ILLINOIS. 

army,  tlirougli  other  States,  enough  to  swell  the  nninher  to  2i>0,000. 
This  far  exceeds  all  the  soltliers  of  the  Federal  (Toverninent  in  all 
the  war  df"  the  llevolutiun.     Her  total  years  of  service  were  over 
00(1,000.     She  enrolled  men  from  eighteen  to  forty-five  years  of  age, 
when  the  law  of  Congress  in   ISGI — the  test  time — only  asked  for 
those  from  twenty  to  fortv-five.     Her  enrollments  were  otherwise 
excessive.      Her  people  wanted  to  go,  and  did  not  take  the  pains  to 
correct  tlie  enrollment;    thus  the  basis  of  fixing  the  quota  was  too 
great,  and  the  (junta  itself,  at  least  in  the  trying  time,  was  far  atxtve 
any  other  State.     The  demand  on  some  ct)unties,  as   Monroe,  for 
example,  tocdc  every  able-bodied  man  in  the  county,  and   then   did 
not  liave  enough  to  fill  the  (piotiu     Moreover,  Illinois  sent  20,S44 
men  for  one  huiulnd  (hiys,  for  wlioin  no  credit  was  asked.     She 
gave  to  the  country  73,0O0  years  of  service  above  all  cjills.     With 
one-thirteenth  of  the  j)o}>ulation  of  the  loyal  States,  she  sent  regu- 
larly one-tenth  of  all  the  soldiers,  :ind   in  tlu?  perils   of  the  chjsing 
call.'i,  when  patriots  were  few  and  weary,  she  sent  one-eighth  <»f  all 
that  were  c;ille<l  for  by  lier  loved  and  honored  son  in  the  White 
House."     Of  the  bravo  Iwys  lllin<»is  sent  to  the  front,  there  wen; 
killed  in  action,  ri.S^S;    die<l  of  wounds,  3,032;    of  disease,  J9,40C; 
in  })rison,-0<>7;  lost  at  sea,  2<>5;  aggregate,  2i*,rj8'?.     As  upon  every 
field  and  upon  every  page  of  the  history  of  this  war,  Illinois  boro 
lier  part  of  the  suftering  in  the  pri«on-j>ens  of  the  South.      More 
than  SOO  names  make  up  the  awful  column  of   Illinois'  bravo  sons 
who  died    in    the  rebel  prison  of  Andersonville.  (ia.       Wiio  can 
measure  or  im:igine  the  atnK'itics  wliich   would  be  laid  liefore  the 
World  were  the  ]»anorama  of  sulferings  and  terrible  trials   of  these 
gallant  men  but  half  unfolded  to  view?     But  this  can   never    l)e 
done  until  new  words  of  horror  arc  invente«l,  and  new  arts  dis- 
covered by  whicli  demoniacal  fiendishness  CJin  be  ]>ortrayed,   and 
the  intenscst  anjruish  of  the  human  soul  in  ten  thousand  forms  be 
painted. 

No  troops  ever  fought  more  heroically,  stubbornly,  and  with  l>et- 
ter  effect,  than  did  the  boys  from  the  ''  Prairie  State."  At  Pea 
Ridge,  Donelson,  Pittsburg  Landing,  luka,  Corinth,  Stone  River, 
Holly  Springs,  Jackson,  Vicksburg,  Chicamauga,  Locjkout  Moun- 
tain, Murfreesboro,  Atlanta,  Franklin,  Nasliville,  Chattanooga,  and 
on  everv  other  field  where  tlie  clash  of  arms  wa;j  heard,  lier  sons 
were  foremost. 


HISTORY  OF   ILLINOIS.  131 

CAPTURE    OF   THE   ST.    LOUIS   ARSENAL. 

Illinois  was  almost  destitute  of  firearms  at  the  beginning  of  the 
conflict,  and  none  could  be  procured  in  the  East.  The  traitorous 
Floyd  had  turned  over  to  the  South  300,000  arms,  leaving  most 
arsenals  in  the  North  empty.  Gov.  Yates,  however,  received  an 
order  on  the  St.  Louis  arsenal  for  10,000  muskets,  which  he  put  in 
the  bands  of  Captain  Stokes,  of  Chicago.  Several  unsuccessful 
attempts  were  made  by  the  Captain  to  pass  through  the  large  crowd 
of  rebels  which  had  gathered  around  the  arsenal,  suspecting  an 
attempt  to  move  the  arms  would  be  made.  He  at  last  succeeded 
in  gaining  admission  to  the  arsenal,  but  was  informed  by  the  com- 
mander that  the  slightest  attempt  to  move  the  arms  would  be  dis- 
covered and  bring  an  infuriated  mob  upon  the  garrison.  This  fear 
was  well  founded,  for  tlie  following  day  Gov.  Jackson  ordered  2,000 
armed  men  from  JeiFerson  City  down  to  capture  the  arsenal.  Capt. 
Stokes  telegraphed  to  Alton  for  a  steamer  to  descend  the  river,  and 
rabout  midnight  land  opposite  the  arsenal,  and  proceeding  to  the 
;same  place  with  700  men  of  the  7th  Illinois,  commenced  loading 
the  vessel.  To  divert  attention  from  his  real  purpose,  he  had  500 
guns  placed  upon  a  different  boat.  As  designed,  this  movement 
was  discovered  by  the  rabble,  and  the  shouts  and  excitement  upon 
their  seizure  drew  most  of  the  crowd  from  the  arsenal.  Capt. 
Stokes  not  only  took  all  the  guns  his  requisition  called  for,  but 
emptied  the  arsenal.  When  all  was  ready,  and  the  signal  given  to 
start,  it  was  found  that  the  immense  weight  had  bound  the  bow  of 
the  boat  to  a  rock,  but  after  a  few  moments'  delay  the  boat  fell  away 
from  the  shore  and  floated  into  deep  water. 

"Which  way?"  said  Capt.  Mitchell,  of  the  steamer.  "'Straight 
in  the  regular  channel  to  Alton,"  replied  Capt.  Stokes.  ''What  if 
we  are  attacked?"  said  Capt.  Mitchell.  "  Then  we  will  fight,"  was 
the  reply  of  Capt.  Stokes.  "What  if  we  are  overpowered?"  said 
Mitchell.  "  Run  the  boat  to  the  deepest  part  of  the  river  and  sink 
her,"  replied  Stokes.  "I'll  do  it,"  was  the  heroic  answer  of 
Mitchell,  and  away  they  went  past  the  secession  battery,  past  the 
St.  Louis  levee,  and  in  the  regular  channel  on  to  Alton.  When 
they  touched  the  landing,  Capt.  Stokes,  fearing  pursuit,  ran  to  the 
market  house  and  rang  the  fire  bell.  The  citizens  came  flocking 
pell-mell  to  the  river,  and  soon  men,  women  and  children  were 
tugging^  away  at  that  vessel  load  of  arms,  which  they  soon  had 
.deposited  in  freight  cars  and  oft*  to  Springfield. 


132  HISTORY    uF    ILLINOIS. 

LIUERALITY    AS    WKLL    AS    PATRIOTISM. 

The  jieople  were  liberal  as  well  as  jKitriotie;  aiul  while  the  men 
were  busy  enlisting,  orgJiniziiij;;  aiul  e(jnii)i>iiig  companies,  the  ladies 
were  no  less  active,  and  the  noble,  generous  work  performed  by 
thuir  tender,  loving  bands  deserves  mention  along  with  the  bravery, 
devotion  and  patriotism  of  their  brothers  upon  the  Southern  fields 
of  carnage. 

The  continued  need  ol'  money  to  obtain  the  comforts  and  neces- 
saries for  the  sick  antl  wounded  of  our  armv  su;';'ested  to  the  loval 
women  of  the  North  many  and  various  devices  for  the  raising  of 
funds.  Every  city,  town  an<l  village  had  its  fair,  festival,  picnic, 
excursion,  concert,  which  netted  more  or  less  to  the  cause  of 
hospital  relief,  acconling  to  the  populatioi:  of  the  place  and  the 
amount  of  energy  and  patriotism  displayed  on  such  occasions. 
Especially  was  this  characteristic  of  our  own  fair  State,  and  scarcely 
a  hamlet  within  its  bonlers  which  did  not  send  stunething  fr(»m  its 
stores  to  hos)>ital  or  battlefield,  and  in  tlie  larger  towns  and  cities 
were  well-orgJinizc«l  soldiers'  aid  societies,  working  systematically 
and  continuously  from  the  iH'ginning  of  the  war  till  its  close.  The 
great  State  Fair  hel.l  in  Chicago  in  May,  1n(]:>,  netted  ?2r)0,0(X>. 
Homes  for  traveling  soldiers  were  established  all  over  the  State,  in 
which  were  furnished  kxlging  for  0(>0.(KM>  men,  and  meals  valued 
at  lji2.5O0,O0(>.  Foo<l.  clotiiing,  medicine,  hospital  delicacies, 
reading  matter,  and  thousands  of  other  articles,  were  sent  to  the 
bovs  at  the  front. 

MI-:>SAGKS    OF    LOVK    A.M>    ENCOfRAOKMENT. 

I^ctters,  messages  of  love  and  encouragement,  were  sent  by 
noble  Women  from  many  counties  of  the  State  to  encourage  the 
brave  sons  and  brothers  in  the  South,  lielow  we  give  a  copy  of  a 
printed  letter  sent  from  Knox  county  to  the  "boys  in  Jjlue,"  as 
showing  the  feelings  of  the  women  of  the  North.  It  wa>  headed, 
"From  the  Women  of  Knox  County  to  Their  Brothers  in  the 
Field."  It  was  a  noble,  soul-inspiring  message,  and  kindled  anew 
the  intensest  love  for  home,  country,  and  a  determination  to  crown 
the  stars  and  stripes  with  victory  : 

"  \  on  have  gone  out  from  our  homes,  but  not  from  our  hearts. 
Never  for  one  moment  are  you  forirotten.  Through  weary  march 
and  deadly  conflict  «tur  ]>rayers  have  ever  followed  you;  your 
bufierings  are  our  snfierings,  vour  victories  our  great  yty. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  ]o3 

"  If  there  be  one  of  you  who  knows  not  the  dear  home  ties,  for 
whom  no  mother  prays,  no  sister  watches,  to  liim  especially  we 
speak.  Let  him  feel  that  thoui^h  lie  may  not  have  one  mother  he 
has  manijy  he  is  the  adopted  child  and  brother  of  all  our  hearts. 
Not  one  of  you  is  beyond  the  reach  of  onr  sympathies;  no  picket- 
station  so  lonely  that  it  is  not  enveloped  in  the  halo  of  our 
prayers. 

"  During  all  the  long,  dark  months  since  our  country  called  you 
from  us,  your  courage,  your  patient  endurange,  your  fidelity,  l^ave 
awakened  onr  keenest  interest,  and  we  have  longed  to  give  you  an 
expression  of  tluit  interest. 

"By  the  alacrity  with  which  you  sprang  to  arms,  by  the  valor 
with  which  those  arms  have  been  wielded,  you  have  placed  our 
State  in  the  front  ranks;  you  have  made  her  worthy  to  be  the  home 
of  our  noble  President.  For  thus  sustaining  the  honor  of  our 
State,  deai"  to  us  as  life,  we  thank  you. 

•'  Of  your  courage  we  need  not  speak.  Fort  Donelson,  Pea 
Ridge,  Shiloh,  Stone  River,  Yicksburg,  speak  with  blood-bathed 
lips  of  your  heroism.  The  Army  of  the  Southwest  fights  beneath 
no  defeat-shadowed  banner;  to  it,  under  God,  the  nation  looks  for 
deliverance. 

"  But  we,  as  women,  have  other  cause  for  thanks.  "We  will  not 
speak  of  the  debt  we  owe  the  defenders  of  our  Government;  that 
blood-sealed  bond  no  words  can  cancel.  But  we  are  your  debtors 
in  a  way  not  often  recognized.  You  have  aroused  us  from  the 
aimlessness  into  which  too  many  of  our  lives  had  drifted,  and  have 
infused  into  those  lives  a  noble  pathos.  AYe  could  not  dream  our 
time  away  while  our  brothers  were  dying  for  us.  Even  your  suffer- 
ings have  worked  together  for  our  good,  by  inciting  us  to  labor  for 
their  alleviation,  thus  giving  us  a  work  worthy  of  our  womanhood. 
Everything  that  we  have  been  permitted  to  do  for  your  comfort 
has  filled  our  lives  so  much  the  fuller  of  all  tlmt  makes  life  valua- 
ble. You  have  thus  been  the  means  of  developing  ia  us  a  nobler 
type  of  womanhood  than  without  the  example  of  your  heroism  we 
could  ever  have  attained.  For  this  our  wiiole  lives,  made  purer 
and  nobler  by  the  discipline,  will  thank  you. 

"This  war  will  leave  none  of  us  as  it  found  us.  We  cannot 
buffet  the  raging  wave  and  escape  all  trace  of  the  salt  sea's  foam. 
Toward    better  or    toward    worse    we    are    hurried    with    feurfui 


134  HISTOKV    DK    II.LINoIts. 

haste.  If  we  at  home  I'eel  this,  what  must  it  he  to  you!  Our 
hearts  throb  witli  agony  when  we  think  ot'  3'ou  wounded,  sullering, 
dyin<;;  hut  tlic  tliought  of  no  physical  pain  touches  us  half  so 
deeply  as  the  thou<;ht  of  the  temptations  which  surround  you. 
We  could  better  give  you  up  to  die  on  the  battle-Held,  true  to  your 
God  and  to  your  country,  than  to  have  you  return  to  us  with 
blasted,  blackened  s«)iils.  When  temptations  assail  fiercely,  y(»u 
must  let  the  thoujfht  that  vour  m<»thers  are  i)raviu:r  for  strenurth 
enajilo  you  to  overcvuie  them,  liut  lighting  for  a  worthy  cause 
worthily  ennobles  one;  herein  is  our  confidence  that  you  will 
return  better  men  than  y^n^  went  away. 

"  By  all  that  is  noble  in  your  manhood;  by  all  that  is  true  in 
our  wouumhood;  by  all  that  is  grand  in  patriotism;  by  all  that  is 
sacred  iti  religi«»n,  we  adjure  y«)U  to  bo  faithful  to  yourselves,  to  us, 
to  your  Country,  and  to  your  (fo«l.  Never  were  men  permitted  to 
fight  in  a  causo  more  worthy  of  their  l>lmMl.  Were  y«m  ti-^'hting 
for  mere  concjuest,  or  glory,  we  coidd  not  give  you  up;  but  to  sus- 
tain n  jyrintiph ,  the  greatest  to  which  human  lips  have  ever  given 
utterance,  even  vour  dear  lives  are  not  too  cosllv  a  sacrifice.  Let 
that  princij»le,  the  corner-stone  of  our  independence,  bo  crushed, 
and  we  arc  ulf  itiaves.  Like  the  Suliotc  mothers,  we  might  will 
clasp  our  ohildren  in  our  arms  and  leap  down  to  death. 

*'To  the  sti-rn  arbitrament  of  the  sword  is  now  committc<l  the 
honor,  the  very  life  of  this  nation.  Vou  fi^ht  not  for  yournelves 
alone;  tho  eyes  of  the  wholo  world  arc  on  you;  and  if  you  fad  our 
Nation's  death-wail  will  c<'lio  tlirou<rh  all  comin^r  aiws,  moaniu"  a 
rcipiiem  over  tho  lost  ho{>es  of  oppressed  humanity.  But  you  will 
not  fail,  BO  sure  as  there  is  a  (tod  in  Heaven.  He  never  meant 
this  richest  argosy  of  tho  nations,  freighttMl  with  the  fWrs  of  all 
the  world's  tyrants,  with  tho  hopes  of  all  its  oppressed  ones,  to 
flounder  in  darkness  and  death.  Disasters  may  come,  as  they  have 
come,  but  thoy  will  only  be,  as  they  have  been,  ministers  of^  gfjod. 
Each  one  h:is  led  tho  nation  upward  to  a  higher  plane,  fn»m  whence 
it  has  seen  with  a  clearer  eye.  Success  could  not  attend  us  at  the 
West  so  long  as  wo  scorned  the  help  of  the  black  hand,  which 
alone  liad  ])ower  to  ojxjn  tho  gate  of  redemption;  tho  God  of 
battles  would  not  vouchsafe  a  victory  at  the  East  till  the  very  foot- 
prints of  a  McClellan  were  washed  out  in  blood. 

"But  now  all  things  seem  ready;    we  have  accepted   the  aid  of 


mSTOKV     OF    ILLINOIS.  135 

that  liand;  those  footsteps  are  obliterated.  In  his  own  good  time 
we  feel  that  God  will  give  us  the  victory.  Till  that  hour  conies  we 
bid  you  fight  on.  Though  we  have  not  attained  that  heroism,  or 
decision,  which  enables  us  togweyou  up  without  a  struggle,  which 
can  prevent  our  giving  tears  for  3'our  hlood^  though  many  of  us 
must  own  our  hearts  desolate  till  you  return,  still  we  bid  you  stay 
and  fight  for  our  coun.try,  till  from  this  fierce  baptism  of  blood  she 
shall  be  raised  complete;  the  dust  shaken  from  her  garments  puri- 
fied, a  new  Meninon  singing  in  the  great  Godlight.'' 

Sherman's  makcii  to  the  ska. 

On  the  15th  of  November,  1864,  after  the  destruction  of  Atlanta, 
and  the  railroads  behind  him,  Sherman,  with  his  army,  began  his 
march  to  the  sea-coast.  The  almost  breathless  anxiety  with  which 
his  progress  was  watched  by  the  loyal  hearts  of  the  nation,  and  the 
treml)ling  apprehension  with  which  it  was  regarded  by  all  who 
hoped  for  rebel  success,  indicated  this  as  one  of  the  most  remark- 
able events  of  the  war;  and  so  it  proved.  Of  Sherman's  arm}-,  45 
regiments  of  infantry,  three  companies  of  artillery,  and  one  of 
cavalry  were  from  this  State.  Lincoln  answered  all  rumors  of 
Sherman's  defeat  with,  "  It  is  impossible;  there  is  a  mighty  sight 
of  fight  in  100,000  Western  men."  Illinois  soldiers  brought  home 
300  battle  flags.  The  first  United  States  flag  that  floated  over 
Richmond  was  an  Illinois  flag.  She  sent  messengers  and  nurses  to 
every  field  and  hospital  to  care  for  her  sick  and  wounded  sons. 

Illinois  gave  the  country  the  great  general  of  the  war,  U.  S. 
Grant. 

CHARACTER    OF    ABRAHAM    LINCOLN. 

One  otluT  name  from  Illinois  comes  lup  in  all  minds,  embalmed 
in  all  hearts,  that  must  have  the  supreme  place  in  this  sketch  of 
our  ;;lorv  and  of  our  nation's  'honor:  that  name  is  Abraham 
Lincoln.  The  analysis  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  character  is  difficult  on 
account  of  its  svmmetry.  In  this  ai^e  we  look  with  admiration  at 
his  uncompromising  honesty;  and  well  we  may,  for  this  saved  us. 
Thousands  tliroughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  our  country,  who 
knew  him  only  as  "Honest  Old  Abe,"  voted  for  him  on  that 
account;  and  wisely  did  they  choose,  for  no  other  man  could  have 
carried  us  through  the  fearful  night  of  war.  When  his  plans  were 
too  vast  for  our  comprehension,  and  his  faith  in  the  cause  too  sub- 


136  JUsToKV    uK    lI.LUNOlb. 

lime  for  our  participation;  when  it  was  all  ni«;ht  about  us,  and  all 
dread  before  us,  and  all  sad  and  desolate  behind  us;   when  not  one 
ray  shone  upon  our  cause;  when  tniitors  were  haughty  and  exult- 
ant at  the  South,  and  fierce  and   blasphemous  at  the  North;  when 
the  loyal  men  seemed  almost  in  the  minority;  when   the  stoutest 
heart  (piailed,  the  bravest  cheek  paled;   when  generals  were  dt-feat- 
in*'  each  other  for  place,  and  contnictois  were  leecliingout  the  very 
heart's  blood  of  the  republic;  when  everything  else   had   failed  us, 
we  looke<l  at  this  calm,  patient  man  standing  like  a  rock  in  the 
storm,  and  said,  "  Mr.  Lincoln  is  honest,  and  we  win  trust  him  still." 
Holding  to  this  single  point  with  tlie  energy  of  faith  and  desj)air, 
wo  held  together,  and  under  God  he  brought  us  through  to  victory. 
His  practical  wisdom  made  him   the  wonder  of  all  lands.     With 
such   certainty    did    Mr.   Lincoln   follow  CJiuses  to  their  ullimatr 
effects,  that  his  foresight  of  contingencies  sccme*!  almost  prophetic 
He  is  radiant  with  all  the  great  virtues,  and  his  memory  will  shed 
a  glory  upon  this  age  that   will   fill   the  eyes  of  men  ha  they  lo«»k 
into  history.     Other  men  have  excelle*!  him   in   some  |>ointb;  but. 
tiiken  nt  all  points,  he  stands  head  and  shouKlers  above  every  other 
ma!J  of  <»,(K>0  years.     .\n  administrator,  he  savtnl  the  nation  in  the 
I)eril6  of    un|)aralleled    civil   war;      a    statesman,    lie  justified   hi^ 
measures  1)y  their  success;  a  philanthropit^t,  he  giivo  lilnrty  to  one 
race  and  salvation  to  another;  a  monilist,  he  bowo«l  from  the  sum 
mit  of  human  jwwer  t«»  the  foot  of  the  cross;  a  mediator,  he  exer- 
cise<l  mercy  un«ier  the  most  ab.<iolntc   obedience   tn  law;  a  leader, 
he  was  no  partisan;  a  commander,  he  was  untainteil  with  bIo(Ml;  a 
»uler  in  clesperate  times,  he  was  unsullie<l  with   crime;  a  man.  he 
lias  left  no  word  of  passion,  no  thought  of  malice,  no  trick  of  craifi. 
no  act  of  jealousy,  no  ptirjx>se  of  selfish  ambition.     Thus  jwrfeded, 
without  a  model  and  without  a   peer,   he  was  dropj>ed    into   tiif-.-e 
troubled  years  to  a<lorn  and  emlK>llish  all  that  is  good  and  nil  that 
is  great  in  t>ur  humanity,  and   to  present   to  all   coming  tiiiit-   the 
representative  of   the   divine  idea  of  free  government.      It  is  not 
too  much  to  say  that  awaiy  down  in   the  future,  when   the  republic 
has  fallen  from  its  niche  in  the  wall  of  time;    when  the  great  war 
itself    shall   have  faded   out    in    the   distance   like  a   mist   on  the 
horizon;   when  the  Anglo-Saxon  shall  Ikj  spoken  only  by  the  tongue 
of  the  stranger,  then  the  generations  hMiking  this  way  shall   see 
the  great  President  as  the  supreme  figure  in  this  vortex  of  history. 


IIISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


137 


THE    WAR    ENDED — THE    UNION    RESTORED. 

The  rebellion  was  ended  with  the  sun-ender  of  Lee  and  liis  army, 
and  Johnson  and  his  command  in  April,  1865.  Oni'  armies  at  the 
tiirie  were  up  to  their  maximum  strength,  never  so  formidable, 
never  so  invincible;  and,  until  recruiting  ceased  by  order  of  Sec- 
retary Stanton,  were  daily  strengthening.     The  necessity,  however, 


LINCOLN  MONUMENT  AT  SPRINGFIELD. 

for  SO  vast  and  formidable  numbers  ceased  with  the  disbanding  of 
the  rebel  forces,  which  had  for  more  than  four  years  disputed  the 
supremacy  of  the  Government  over  its  domain.  And  now  the 
joyful  and  welcome  news  was  to  be  borne  to  the  vict(U'ious  legions 
that  their  work  was  ended  in  triumph,  and  they  were  to  be  per- 
mitted "to  see  homes  and  friends  once  more." 


138 


HISTORY    OK    ILLINOIS. 


SciiEDULB— Showlu"  statempnt  <>f  volunt«er  troop*  orRAulzed  wllhiu  the  Slate,  and  •ent  to  thi» 
field.  cotnmLU<lii;{  April,  1-  ■  "'         .Vut  :U,  IrtttS,  wlih  iiumher  of  ri|{lni.Mil,  nam.- 

oftirlKiuiil  rommniidlii!.'  '•>"  "'"'  ">»»<''«•  tn'«>  I  uiled  States' nervlce, 

place  ofniUHter,  mid  the  ii,  , li  oryaulzallon. 

INFANTKY 


•ill 

.•a, 

.VI 
51 
3BI 

961 

sr 

?♦*; 

VI 

«ii 

«2| 

63i 

64  I. 

«6C 

66! 

67 

6C 

6S 

70 

71 


<i.     .  ■:  ■■■ 

loaar  if.  W  iliMin. . .. 
W.  II.  W.CuHhraan 
Tho«   \V.  Harni» 
Hnvld   Sliidrt    . 
It 

r 

Sv  .    ■ 

Jaciih  fry 

.1aine<«  M.  Trne 
Krniic'*  .Mora 

Col.  D.  n.  Wllllamn    . 

.  Daniel  «'ann-n>n  .... 

Pnlri.  k  K.  niirke 

R,-    '   V    Hough.... 

•J'-  rier 

O   r.  Kp«-v<'« 

Olhu:el  (;ilbert 


1.. 

; ,  1  •»•  J 


M       "       --,-2. 


.  .1 

.1.1 
.  J 


• 

11 

\ 

un ••....•. 

1       'nri  Bntl'f. .... 

"  '.a. ...... 

......    .    .. 

/  i«..„ 

I-  I 
1  :- 

1 

]  • 
ir>iu 

1*4 

i:-: 

ll"*! 

):5i 


1 .»". 
irrm 

1>.-J4 
lfl»4 
1094 

low 

<»40 


llISTOIiY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


139' 


Schedule— Showing  etatemont  of  volnnteor  troops'  or£;anizecl  within  the  State,  and  sent  to  tho 
field,  coinnienciii^  April,  1H61,  iind  eudiug  Dcct'inbLT  31,  18(i5,  wUh  nuinbor  of  rpgitnont,  name 
of  original  coinniiinding  oflicor,  date  of  organization  and  innwter  into  United  States' service, 
place  of  muster,  and  the  aggregate  strength  of  each  organization. 


INFANTRY. 


72 

73 

VI 

75 

76 

77 

78 

79 

80 

81 

8-2 

8.3 

81 

85 

86 

87 

88 

89 

90 

91 

92 

9:^ 

94 

95 

96 

97 


Commaudiug  oflBcer  at  organiza-  Date  of  organization  andiPlacc     where     mnetered 


tion. 


nni8ter  into  the  United 
Stales  Bervice 


Col.  Frederick  A.  Starring Aug.  21,  ISU-J... 

Jas.  F.  Jaquctfs 

Jason  Marsh... Sept.  4.  18fi2.. . 

George  Hyan Sept.  2.  1862. . 

Alouzo  \V.  .Mack Aug.  22,  1862. 

David  P.  tirier *Sept.  3,  lS6i. 

\V.  II.  Bennison Sept.  1.  18ti2.. 

Lvman  tiuinuip Aug.  28,  1862. . 

Tiios.  G.  Allen Aug.  2."j,  1862... 

Jae.  J.  Do'.llns Aug.  26, 1862.. 

Frederick  lleckcr 

AbuerC.  Hunting Aug.  21,  18»i2.... 

Louis  H.  Waters Sept.  1,1862. 

Roberts.  Moore Aug.  27,1862 

David  D.  Irons... 
John  E.  Whiting, 
F.  T.  Sherman 


John  Christopher. 
Timothv  O'Mera. 


Henry  M.  Day  .  ... 
Smith  D.  Atkins... 
Holilen  Putnam  — 

Wm.  VV.  Orme 

Lawr'n  S.  Church.. 
Thos.  E.  Champion. 

P.  S.  Rutherford 

J.  J.  Kiiukhouser. ..  , 
99      "    G.  W.  K.  Bailey  .... 

100  "    Fred.  A.  Bartleson.. 

101  "    Chas.  II.  Fox , 

102  "    Wm.  McMurtry 

103  "    Amos  C.  Babcock... 

104  "    Absalom  B.  Moore... 

105  "    Daniel  Dustin 

106  "    Robert  B.  Latham... 

10:     "    Thomas  Sncll 

lOfi      '•    John  Warner 

109  "    Alex.J.Nimmo 

110  '•    Thos.  S  Casey 

111  "    James  S.  Martin 

112  "    T.J.  Henderson  

11.3      '■    Geo.  B.  Hoge 

.114       *    James  W.Judy 

ll.T      '•    Jesse  H.  Moore 

116  •'    Nathan  H.Tupper... 

117  •'     Ridden  M.  Moore 

llH      ••    John  G.  Fonda 

119  ••  Thos.  J.  Kenney..... 
12()  *■  Geor;:;c  W.  McKcaig. 
12i  .Vever  organized 

122  Col.  John  I.  Kinaker 

123  "    James  Moore 

124  "    Thomie  J.  Sloan 

125  "     Oscar  F.  Harmon. . . 

126  "    Jonathan  Ricliniond. 

127  '*    John  Van.Xrman 

128  "  Robert  M.Hudley... 
12'1      "    George  P.  Smith 

130  "    Nathaniel  Niles  

131  "    George  W.  Necley.. 
1-32     "    Thomas  O.  Pickett.  . 

l:tt      "    Thad.  Phillips 

1V4  "  W.  W  McCheeney... 
llil    "    Johns.  Wolfe 


Sept.  22,  1802. 
Aug.  27,  1H62.. 
*Aug  2.x  l«'i  ■. 
Nov.  22,  1862.. 
Sept.  8,  1B62  . 
Sept.  4,1862... 
Oct.  13,  1862... 
Aug.  21).  1862.. 
Sept.  4,  I8r,2.. 
Sept.  6.  1862.. 
Sept.  8, 1862.. 
Sept.  3,  IcOJ  ., 
.Vug.  26,  1862. 
Aug.  30,  1862. 
Sept.  2,  l!<62... 


Oct,  2,  1862. . . 
Aug.  27,  1862. 
Sept.  2,  1862. 
Sept.  17,  1862. 
Sept.  4,1862.. 
Aug.  28,  1862. 
Sept.  11,  1861. 


Sept.  18,  18C2 
Sept.  12,1862.. 
Oct.  1.1862.... 
Sept.  18,  l-«2.. 
Sept.  13,  1%2.. 
Sept.  30  lS(i_».. 
Sept.  19,  1862.. 
Nov  29.  1S62. 
Oct.  7.  1862  .. 
Oct.  29,  1862... 


Sept.  4,1862.. 
Sept.  6  1862  . 
Sept.  10.  186J. 
Sept.  4,  1862.. 


*Sept.  5. 1862. 
Dec  18,  1862.. 
Sept.  8,  18C2.. 
Oct.  2.-).  1865.. 
Nov.  13.1862.. 
June  1.  1861.. 
May  31, 1861.. 


into  the 
service. 


United  Slates 


Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Butler 

Rockford 

Di.\on 

Kankakee. ...   

Peoria. ., 

(iuincy... 

Danville 

Centralia 

.Vuua 

Camp  Butler 

Monmouth 

tj,uincy 

(•"eoria , 

Peoria 

Sha  wneetown   

(.;anip  Douglas    

Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Butler 

Rockford.   ...  

Princeton  and  Chicago... 

Rloomiugton, 

Rockford 

Rockford 

Camp  Butler ^. 

Centralia 

Florence,  Pike  Co., 

Jolict 

Jacksonville 

Knoxville 

peoria 

Ottawa 

Chicago 

Liucoln 

Camp  Butler 

Peoria 

Anna 

Anna 

Sa'em 

Peoria 

Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Decatur 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Quiucv 

CampButler 


June  6,  18C1. 


Carlinville..,  . 

Mattoon 

Camii  Butler... 

Danville 

Chicago 

Camp' Douglas. 
Camp  Butler.. . 

Pontiac 

Camp  But'er... 
Camp  Massac. . 

Camp  Fry 

Camp  Butler. 

Camp  Fry 

Mattoon 


1471 

908 
•JWi 
987 
1110 
10.-J1 
lU-28 
y74 
928 
llfsr 
•161 
128u 
!J.J6 
9.)^ 
99;l 
!t94 
907 
1.85 
958 
1041 
1265 
1030 
1091 
1427 
1206 
1082 
1078 
U:Hi 
921 
911 
998 
917 
977 
1001 
1097 
944 
927 
967 
873 
994 
1095 
1258 
990 
960 
952 
995 
1101 
952 
844 

'934 

1050 

1:30 

9:^3 

9<« 

957 

866 

1011 

932 

880 

853 

851 

878 

852 


140 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


ScTiEDnLE— Showing  dtatempnt  of  volunteer  lroop«  organlr.fd  within  the  8l»l«,  and  sent  to  the 
fleld,  riimmoiiclnn  April,  I8fil,  and  (Miding  Dfccinhi-r  31.  186S,  with  inimb<T  o(  r(•^;lml■Ilt.  name 
of  oriKiuul  commandini;  (ifflrer,  date  of  nrKiiiii/.ntioD  and  miintor  Into  Uuitrd  Stalen'  hitvIco, 
place  of  muiitcr,  and  the  aggregate  mrcnuib  nf  eiu-h  urgauUatlou. 

infantry! 


ia< 

1ST 
138 

lao 

140 
41 

14S 

I4S 

144 

145! 

146 

147 

148 

149 

VO 

151 

1B3 

IM 

i:>t 

105 

»», 


Col 


Ca|» 


Fred.  A.  John* 

John  Wood 

,1.  W.  (iooilwin 

IV-liT  DavldaoD 

L.  H.  Whitney 

hteiilicn  BrouiHin. 
|{<dlin  V.  Ankuet 
Dudley  O  Smith 

Cyrtm  Hall..   

(ietirge  W.  Lacker 
llenrv  II.  1><  "iii 
llirmu  K.  M.  K  — 
llwrnru  II    U 
Wni.  f.  Ku.  •• 
(Jeorge  W    I. 
French  I 
F.  I)   St. 
Hl<-I>l>''n  llr  r, 

(ill- 
Alf- 

.I.W     >■ 
John  \. 

.t.,(,!i  r 


>iiiiiii 
:ih 


Date  of  orcaniration  and 
tiiiiHter  into  the  Lulled 
Sinleii  ixT*  ice. 


Place  where  muotered 
into  the  I'nltcd  ^>tateN 
itervlfi'. 


:une  1,  1M4.. 


|Juiii'  Ih.   l-«rl 
June  II.  l"*,! 

I  I .  I     ■,'!,!  -w .  1 

I  .1,.  '.  ';-.  I 


JnucKl.  1864!. 
Joor  15.  1W4. 


ICentralla. 

'(>iitiHy,.. 


r.    ■rill 

I  :iiii|>  Butler.. 

!.  ,-in 

I   1111)1  Uutler 
M  .Miiun  .     . 
■1..  IIU... 
].  Htitler.. 
'    .■■.\i  Duller. . 

>    '(I'  ;lj^»   ... 

<;,..in  y 

I  .'iiii|i'liiitler. . 
Cmiiiii  Duller.. 

t;uiii<v 

I  Trii'Diitler.. 


> 

I? 

T  zr 

W.I 

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fllCjT  UEUIMKNT— ILLINOIS  LIGHT  ARTILLERT. 


Co  Field  an  '  -•    '       777777777! 

A  I'lipl.  C    '  d 

B,    ••      K 

c    *•     i' 

K  "  A.*'.  Wati-rUuUi>e.  . . 

F  •*  John  T.  Cheney 

O  "  Arthur  0"lx>ar>- 

B  "  Axel  Silveropa'rr 

I  "  Edwnrd  Hout.in 

K  **  A.  Fnmkliii 

L  "  John  Hoiirke 

M  '•  John  D.Miller. 

Kecruita 


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2«.  "ea  . 
■in.  '«i.. 

15,  '6-2 
9.  "B2, 

«,  •«J.. 


I  i.... 

Cbimj.'" 

Camp  Butler. 

Cairo 

Chicago    .... 

A  iieetown 

L'.,,.  ngO 


|.\ugl2,'62    ICtalcago 


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168 
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141 
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HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS. 


141 


ScHKDiTLE— Showing  Btatcment  of  volunteer  troopn  organized  within  the  State,  and  sent  to  the 
field  commencing  April,  IStil,  and  ending  Dcci-mber  31.  1865,  with  number  of  repiment,  name 
of  original  commanding  officer,  date  of  organization  and  mucter  into  United  States  service, 
place  of  musliT,  and  the  aggregate  strength  of  each  organization. 

LIGHT  ARTILLERY. 


o 
p 

Commanding  officer  at  organiza- 
tion. 

Date  of  organization  and 
muster  into  the  I'nited 
States  service. 

Place    whore     mustered 
into  the  I'nited   States 
service. 

N  «5 

B          T> 

li 

SECOND  REGIMENT— ILLINOIS  LIGHT  ARTILLERY. 


A 
K 
C 
1> 
E 
P 
G 

n 

1 

K 
L 
M 


Capt.  Peter  Davidson Aug.    17,  lS6i   Peoria 

Riley  Madison June  3(),  'tjl Springfield 

"      Caleb  Hopkins Ang.  .O. '61 'Cairo 

Jasper  M.  Dresser Dec.  17.  '6; 

Adolph  Schwartz Feb.  1,  "82. 

"     JohnW.Powell iDec.ll,'61 

"      Charles  J.  Stolbrand Dec.  31,  '61 

Andrew  Steinbeck i  '* 

"      Charles  W.  Keith I 

'•      Benjamin  F.  Rogers " 

"      William  H    Bolton Feb.  28, '62 Chicago 

"      John  C.  Phillips June  6, '62 iChicago 

Field  and  Stuff 

Recruits    


Cairo 

Cairo 

Cape  Girardeau,  Mo... 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 


•|- 


INDEPENDENT  BATTERIES. 


Board  of  Trade 

Springfield 

Mercantile 

Elgin 

CoggsweU'e... 

Henshaw's 

Bridges' 

Colvm's 

Bnsteed'B 


Capt.  James  S.  Stokes. 


Thomas  F.  Vaughn 

Charles  G.  Cooley 

George  W.  Renwick. .. 
William  Cogzswell... 

Ed.  C    Honshaw 

Lyman  Bridges. 

John  H.  Colvin 


July  31,  1862. 
Aug.  21,  •62... 
Aug.  29.  "ei... 
Nov.  1.%  '62... 
Sept  2:}, '61.. 
Oct.  15.  '62.... 

Jan.  1.  62 

Oct.  10,  '6:}. . . . 


Chicago 

Camp  Butler. . . 

Chicago 

Elgin 

Camp  Douglas. 

Ottawa 

Chicago 

Chicago 

Chicago 


116 
127 
154 
117 
136 
190 
108 
115 
107 
108 
145 
100 
10 
1171 


258 
199 
270 
242 
221 
196 
2?>2 
91 
127 


RECAPITULATION. 

Infantry 185.941 

Cavalrv     32  082 

Artillerv 7,277 


DUELS. 


The  code  of  chivalry  so  coinraon  amonor  Southern  occ^tlemen 
and  so  frequently  brought  into  use  in  settling  personal  differences 
has  also  been  called  to  settle  the  "  affiiirs  of  honor'"  in  our  own 
State,  however,  but  few  times,  and  those  iii  the  earlier  davs. 
Several  attempts  at  duels  have  occurred;  before  the  disputants  met 
in  mortal  combat  the  differences  wore  amicably  and  satisfactorily 
settled;  honor  was  maintained  without  the  sacrifice  of  life.  In 
ISIO  a  law  was  adopted  to  suppress  the  practice  of  dueling.  This 
law  held  the  fatal  result  of  dueling  to  be  murder,  and,  as  it  was 
intended,  had  the  effect  of  making  it  odious  and  dishonorable. 
Prior  to  the  constitution  of  184S,  parties  would  evade  the  law  by 


142  IIISTOKV    <»K    IIJ.I.NOIS. 

^oinf]j  beyond  the  jurisdiction  of  tlio  8tute  to  eng.igo  in  their  con- 
tests of  lionor.  At  tiiat  time  tliey  incorporated  in  the  Constitution 
an  oath  ot  office,  which  was  t^o  broad  as  to  cover  the  whole  world. 
Any  person  who  had  ever  fou«ifht  a  duel,  ever  sent  or  accepted  a 
challeny;e  or  acted  the  part  of  second  was  di.slVanchised  from  holdiniir 
office,  even  of  minor  imiM)rtance.  After  this  went  into  eU'ect,  no 
»»ther  dtiel  or  attempt  at  a  duel  has  been-engaj^ed  in  within  the 
State  of  Illinois,  save  those  fou«^ht  by  parties  living  outside  of 
the  State,  who  came  here  to  settle  their  personal  ditierences. 

TUK    Fn:ST   DUEL. 

The  first  duel  fou;,'ht  within  the  boundaries  of  this  «;reat  State 
was  betwOen  two  young  military  officers,  one  of  the  French  and 
the  other  of  the  Kng.isii  army,  in  the  year  I7tl5.  It  was  at  the 
time  the  IJriti.sh  tro*»ps  came  to  take  possession  of  Fort  Chartres, 
and  a  Woman  was  the  wiuse  of  it.  Tho  affair  occurred  early 
Suntlay  nu)rning,  near  tho  oM  fort.  They  fought  with  swords,  and 
in  the  combat  one  sacrificrcd  his  iifi>. 

HON II    AM)   JONKS. 

1  n  l^o'j  the  next  duel  occurred  and  war<  bloodless  of  itself,  but  out 
ot  It  grew  a  (|uarrel  which  resulted  in  the  assassiiuition  of  one  ol' 
the  (•••iilestHnl.-*.  The  principals  were  Sluulrach  Bond,  tho  lii>t 
Governor,  and  Uice  Jones, a  bright  young  lawy»'r,  who  bt-came  quite 
a  ]»olitician  and  the  leader  of  his  party.  A  jK-rsonal  ditference  arose 
between  the  two,  which  to  settle,  tho  parties  met  for  mortal  combat 
<»n  an  island  in  the  Mississippi.  The  weaj»on8  selected  were  hair- 
trigger  pistols.  .VftiT  taking  their  position  J«)!je«'  weapon  was 
prematurely  discharged.  IJond's  second,  Dunlap,  now  claimed  that 
accordiu;;  to  the  code  Bond  hatl  the  ri^rht  to  the  next  fire.  But 
Bond  Would  not  take  so  great  advantage  of  his  oj>|)onent,  and  said 
it  was  an  accident  and  would  not  tire.  Such  noble  conduct 
touched  the  generous  nature  of  Jones,  and  tho  difficulty  was  at 
once  amicably  settled.  Dunlap,  however,  bore  a  deadly  liatred  for 
Jones,  and  one  da}*  while  he  was  standing  in  the  street  in  Kaskaskia, 
conversing  with  a  lady,  he  crept  up  behind  him  and  shot  him  dead 
in  his  tracks.     Diiii1:ij)  successfully  escaped  to  Texas. 

RKCTOR  AND    BARTON. 

in  lbi'2  the  bloody  code  a^ain  brouijlit  two  voun;'  men  to  the 
field  of  honor.     They  were  Thomas  Rector,  a  sou  of  Cajjt.  Stephen 


.    L^v 


^^"    -  -^ 


IIISTORV    OF    ILLINOIS.  1 4r5 

Rector  who  bore  such  a  noble  part  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  Joshua 
Barton.  The}-  liad  espoused  the  quarrel  of  older  brothers.  The 
affair  occurred  on  Bloody  Island,  in  the  Mississippi,  but  in  tlu; 
limits  of  Illinois.  This  place  was  frequented  so  often  by  Missou- 
rians  to  settle  personal  difficulties,  that  it  received  the  name  of 
Bloody  Island.     Barton  fell  in  this  conflici. 

STRWART    AND    BENNETT. 

In  1819  occurred  the  first  duel  fought  after  the  admission  of  the 
State  into  the  Union.  This  took  place  in  St.  Glair  county  between 
Alphonso  Stewart  and  William  Bennett.  It  was  intended  to  be  a 
sham  duel,  to  turn  ridicule  against  Bennett,  the  challenging  party- 
Stewart  was  in  the  secret  but  Bennett  was  left  to  believe  it  a 
realitv.  Their  ffuns  were  loaded  with  blank  cartridses.  Bennett, 
suspecting  a  trick,  put  a  ball  into  his  gun  without  the  knowledge 
of  his  seconds.  The  word  "fire"  was  given,  and  Stewart  fell 
mortally  wounded.  Bennett  made  his  escape  but  was  subsequently 
captured,  convicted  of  murder  and  suffered  the  penalty  of  the  laAv 
by  hanging. 

PEAKSON    AND    BAKER. 

In  1840  a  personal  difference  arose  between  two  State  Senators, 
Judfife  Pearson  and  E.  D.  Baker.  The  latter,  sinartini;  under  the 
epithet  of  ''falsehood,"  threatened  to  chastise  Pearson  in  the  public 
streets,  bv  a  '.'  fist  flight. "  Pearson  declined  makintj  a  "blackijuard'' 
of  himself  but  intimated  a  readiness  to  fight  as  gentlemen,  accord- 
ing to  the  code  of  honor.  The  affair,  however,  was  carried  no 
further. 

HARDIN    AND    DODGE. 

The  excitin<r  debates  in  the  Leccislature  in  1810-'41  were  often 
bitter  in  personal  "  slings,"  and  threats  of  combats  were  not 
infrequent.  During  these  debates,  in  one  of  the  speeches  by  the 
Hon.  J.  J.  Hardin,  Hon.  A.  R.  Dodge  thought  he  discovered  a 
personal  insult,  took  exceptions,  and  an  "  affair"  seemed  imminent. 
The  controversy  was  referred  to  friends,  however,  and  amicably 
settled. 

m'clernand  and  smith. 

Jlon.  John  A,  McClernand,  a  member  of  the  House,  in  a  fe]>eech 
delivered  during  the  same  session  made  charges  against  the  Whig 
Judges  of  the   Suj^renie  Court.     This  brought  a  note  from  Judge 


14G  HISTOKV    <>l     ILLINOIS. 

T.  W.  Sinitli,  by  tlie  hands  (»1"  liis  "  rrieiul '*  Dr.  Mririjiian,  to 
McClernand.  Tliis  whs  construed  ae  a  cluilU'ii*^*,  and  promptly 
accepted,  naiinlni;  the  place  i>t*  meeting  to  \>e  Missouri;  time,  early; 
the  weapons,  ritle.-;  and  distatice,  40  paces.  At  this  critical  junc- 
ture, the  Attorney  (ieneral  had  a  warrant  issued  aj^ainst  the  .Iud«{;e, 
whereupon  ho  Wiis  arrested  and  placed  under  htuids  to  keep  the 
jH*ac«'.     Tlnis  endeil  tM«  uttcmpt  to  vindicate  injured  lioimr. 

I  iMOl.N  AND  SIIIKLDS. 

During  the  hard  times  sul>se<)uent  to  tlie  failure  t)f  the  State  and 
(»tiier  banks,  in  1>4*J,  sjHJcie  became  scarce  while  State  money  was 
plentiful,  but  worthless.  The  Stale  tdlicers  tiiereujxm  demanded 
s})ecie  payment  for  taxes.  This  was  bitterly  oj>j>osed,  and  >o  fiercely 
contested  that  the  collecli«>n  of  tji.\es  was  hUsi>onded. 

During  the  pcriotl  of  the  greatest  intligiuition  toward  the  State 
otHcials,  under  the  notn  de  jtluine  of  "  Itel)eccji,"  Abraliam  Lincoln 
had  ati  article  j)ublished  in  the  S'ing>iimi  Journal,  entitled  "  L<»sl 
Ti»wnship."  In  this  article,  written  in  the  form  of  a  dialogue,  the 
officers  of  tlie  State  were  mughly  handled,  and  especially  Auditor 
Shields.  The  mime  «»f  the  auth»>r  was  demaded  from  the  edit<»r  by 
Mr.  Shields,  who  was  very  indignant  over  the  mantier  in  which  he 
was  Irt'ated.  The  nanie  <if  Al»raham  Lincoln  was  given  as  the 
author.  It  is  claimed  by  m\r\Q  of  his  biographers,  however,  that 
the  article  wjis  j)repared  by  a  lady,  and  that  when  the  name  of  the 
author  was  demanded,  in  a  spirit  of  gjillantry,  Mr.  Lincoln  giive 
his  name.  In  company  with  (Jen.  Wiiiteside,  (ion.  Shields  pur- 
sued Lincoln  to  Tremont, Tazewell  count v,  where  ho  wa«  in  atterul- 
ance  upon  the  court,  and  immediately  sent  him  a  note  "requiring 
a  full,  )>ositive  and  absolute  retraction  of  all  offensive  allusions" 
made  to  him  in  relation  to  his  *^pri\'ate  character  and  standing  as 
a  man,  or  an  a|x>logy  for  the  itjsult  c<inveye<l."  Lincoln  had  been 
forewarned,  however,  for  William  Butler  and  Dr.  Merriman,  of 
Springliold.  had  l>ecome  ac<{uainte<l  with  Shields'  intentions  and  by 
riding  all  night  arrived  at  Tremont  ahead  of  Shields  and  informed 
Lincoln  what  he  might  expect.  Lincoln  answered  Shield.-^'  note, 
refusing  to  offer  any  explanation,  on  the  grounds  that  Shields'  note 
assumeil  tiie  fact  of  his  (Lincoln's)  authorship  of  the  article,  and 
Hot  pointing  out  what  the  offensive  part  was,  and  accompanying  the 
same  with  threats  as  to  ctMisequenccs.  Mr.  Shields  answered  this, 
disavowing  all  intention  to  menace;    im^uired  if  he  was  the  author, 


HISTORY'    OF    ILLINOIS.  147 

asked  a  retraction  of  that  portion  relatinor  to  liis  private  character. 
Mr.  Lincohi,  still  technical,  returned  this  note  with  the  verbal 
statement  *' that  there  could  be  nu  further  negotiations  until  the 
first  note  was  withdrawn."  At  this  Shields  named  (run.  White- 
side as  his  "  friend,''  when  Lincoln  reported  Dr.  Merriinan  us  his 
"friend."  These  gentlemen  secretly  pledged  themselves  to  agree 
upon  some  amicable  terms,  and  compel  their  principals  to  accept 
them.  The  four  went  to  Springfield,  when  Lincoln  left  for  Jack- 
sonville, leaving  the  following  instructions  to  guide  his  friend,  Dr. 
Merriman: 

"  In  case  "Whiteside  shall  signify  a  wish  to  adjust  this  aft'air  with- 
out further  difficulty,  let  him  know  that  if  the  present  papers  be 
withdrawn  and  a  note  from  Mr.  Shields,  asking  to  know  if  I  am  the 
author  of  the  articles  of  which  he  complains,  and  asking  that  I  shall 
make  him  gentlemanly  satisfaction,  if  I  am  the  author,  an<l  this 
without  menace  or  dictation  as  to  what  that  satisfaction  shall  be,  a 
pledge  is  made  that  the  following  answer  shall  be  given: 

I  did  write  tlie  "  Lost  Township  "  letter  which  appeared  ia  the  Journal  of  the 
2d  inst.,  but  had  no  participation,  in  any  form,  in  any  other  article  alluding  to 
you.  I  wrote  that  wholly  for  political  oflect.  I  had  no  intention  of  injuring 
your  personal  or  private  character  or  standing,  as  a  man  or  gentleman;  an  I  I  ilid 
not  then  think,  and  do  not  now  think,  that  that  article  could  produce  or  has  jiro- 
duccd  that  eflfect  against  you;  and,  had  I  anticipated  such  an  efTect,  would  have 
foreborne  to  write  it.  And  I  will  add  thut  your  conduct  toward  mc,  so  far  ms  I 
know,  had  always  been  gentlemanly,  and  that  I  had  no  personal  pique  against 
you,  and  no  cause  for  any. 

"  If  this  should  be  done,  I  leave  it  to  you  to  manage  what  shall 
and  what  shall  not  be  published.  If  nothing  like  this  is  done,  the 
preliminaries  of  the  fight  are  to  be: 

"  1st.  Weapons. — Cavalry  broad  swords  of  the  largest  size,  pre- 
cisely equal  in  all  respects,  and  such  as  are  now  used  by  the  cavalry 
company  at  Jacksonville. 

"  2d.  Position. — A  plank  ton  feet  long  and  from  nine  to  twelve 
inches  broad,  to  be  firmly  ti.ved  on  edge,  on  the  ground,  as  a  line 
between  us  which  neither  is  to  pass  his  foot  over  on  forfeit  of  his 
life.  Next  a  line  drawn  on  the  ground  on  either  side  of  said  ])lank, 
and  parallel  with  it,  each  at  the  distance  of  the  whole  length  of  the 
sword,  and  three  feet  additional  from  tlie  plank;  and  the  passing  of 
his  own  such  line  by  either  party  during  the  fight,  shall  be  deemed 
a  surrender  of  the  contest. 


148  III8r«)KY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

''3d.  Tiiiii'. — On  Tllllr^<lay  cveiiiii<j^  at  5  o'clock,  if  y<»ii  can  ^vi 
it  bo;  l»iit  in  no  case  to  he  at  a  j^ivater  ili.stance  of  time  than  Fritlay 
evenini;  at  5  o'clock. 

"4th.  Place. — Within  three  miles  of  Alton,  on  the  ojiposite 
siilo  of  the  river,  the  particular  spot  to  ho  agreed  on  hy  you. 

"  Any  preliminary  details  coming  within  the  above  rules,  you  are 
at  liberty  to  make  at  your  discretion,  but  you  are  in  no  case  to 
swerve  from  these  rules,  or  p:iss  beyond  their  limits." 

The  position  of  the  contestants,  as  prescribctl  by  Lincoln,  Beems 
to  have  been  such  as  both  wouM  have  been  free  from  comini;  in 
contact  with  the  sword  of  the  other,  an«l  the  first  impression  is  that 
it  is  nothini;  more  than  one  of  Lincoln's  jokes.  lie  possessed  vt-ry 
Itn:^  arms,  howi-ver,  and  couM  reach  his  adversary  at  the  stipulated 
distance. 

Not  being  amicably  arrangeil,  all  parties  repaired  t«>  the  Held  of 
combat  in  Missouri.  Gen.  Hardin  and  Dr.  KngliNh,  ns  mutual 
friends  of  both  Lincoln  and  Shields,  arrived  in  the  meantime,  and 
after  much  correspondence  at  their  earnest  Bolicitation  tiie  affair 
was  satisfactorily  arranged,  Lincoln  making  a  stjitement  similar  to 
the  one  above  referred  to. 

SHIELDS  A.ND  UUTLKR. 

William  Hutler,  one  «»f  Lincoln's  seconds,  was  <lissatislied  with 
the  bh»otlless  termination  of  the  Lincoln-Shields  affair,  and  wrote  an 
account  of  it  for  the  S<tngu)no  Jnnriuil.  This  article  retlected  dis- 
cre<litaljly  upon  both  the  principals  engsigt*!  in  that  controversy. 
Shields  replied  by  the  hands  of  his  friend  (ren.  Whiteside,  in  a 
curt,  menacing  note,  which  was  promptly  accepte<l  as  a  challenge 
by  llutler,  and  the  inevitable  I)i'.  ^[erriman  named  as  his  friend, 
who  submitted  the  following  as  preliminaries  of  the  light: 

Thiu;. — Sunrise  on  the  ftdlowinij  morninj;. 

Phice. — Col.  Allen's  farm  (about  c»ne  mile  north  of  State  House.) 

Wtapotii. — Rifles. 

Distance. — One  hundred  yards. 

The  parties  to  stand  with  their  right  sides  toward  each  other- 
the  ritlcs  to  be  held   in  both   hands  horizontally  and  cocked,  arms 
extended  downwards.     Neither  party   to  move  his  person   or  his 
ritie   after   l>eing  placed,  before  the  word   fire.     The  signal  to  be: 
"Are  you    readv?     Fire!     one— two — three!"    alx^ut  a   second    of 


HISTOUY    OF    ILLINOIS.  140 

time  intervening  between  each  word.     Neither  party  to  fire  before 
the  wortl  ''  lire,"  nor  after  the  word  "  three." 

Gen.  Whiteside,  in  hinguage  curt  and  abrupt,  addressed  a  note  to 
Dr.  Merrinian  declining  to  accept  the  terms.  Gen.  SliieUls,  how- 
ever, addressed  another  note  to  Butler,  exphiining  the  feelings  of 
his  second,  and  offering  to  go  out  to  a  lonely  place  on  the  prairie  to 
fight,  where  there  would  be  no  danger  of  being  interrupted;  or,  if 
that  did  not  suit,  he  would  meet  him  on  his  own  C(tnditions,  when 
and  where  he  pleased.  Butler  claimed  the  atttiir  was  closed  and 
declined  the  proposition. 

WniTESIDE   AND   MERRIMAN. 

Now  GeiL  Whiteside  and  Dr.  ^ferriman,  who  Eeveral  times  had 
acted  in  the  capacity  of  friends  or  seconds,  were  to  handle  the 
deadly  weapons  as  principals.  While  second  in  the  Shields-Butler 
fiasco,  Wlutesida  declined  the  terms  proposed  by  Butler,  in  curt 
and  abrupt  language,  stating  that  the  place  of  combat  could  not  be 
dictated  to  him,  for  it  was  as  much  his  right  as  Merriman's,  who, 
if  he  was  a  gentleman,  would  recognize  and  concede  it.  To  this 
Merrinian  replied  by  the  hands  of  Capt.  Lincoln.  It  will  be 
remembered  that  Merriman  had  acted  in  the  same  capacity  for  Lin- 
coln. Whiteside  then  wrote  to  Merriman,  asking  to  meet  him  at 
St.  Louis,  when  he  would  hear  from  him  further.  To  this  ]\rerri- 
man  replied,  denying  his  right  to  name  ])lace,  but  offered  to  meet 
in  Louisiana,  Mo.  This  Whiteside  would  not  agree  to,  but  later 
signified  his  desire  to  meet  him  there,  but  the  affair  being  closed, 
the  doctor  declined  to  re-open  it. 

PRATT  AND  CAMPBELL. 

These  two  irentlemen  were  members  of  the  Constitutional  Con- 
vention  of  1847,  and  both  from  Jo  Davies  county.  A  dispute  arose 
which  ended  in  a  challenge  to  meet  on  the  field  of  honor.  Tliey 
both  repaired  to  St.  Louis,  but  the  authorities  gaining  knowledge 
of  their  bloody  intentions,  had  both  parties  arrested,  which  ended 
this  "  affair." 

DRESS  AND  MANNERS. 

The  dress,  habits,  etc.,  of  a  people  throw  so  much  light  upon  their 
conditions  and  limitations  that  in  order  better  to  show  the  circum- 
stances surrounding  the  people  of  the  State,  we  will  give  a  short 


150  mSTOKY    iH'     ILLINOIS. 

exposition  o(  the  manner  t»f  lite  of  our  Illinois  people  at  ditierent 
epochs.  The  Indians  themselves  are  credited  hy  Charlevoi.x  with 
l)ein<^  "very  laborious," — raiising  poultry,'  spinning  the  wool  of  the 
hull'alo  and  manufacturing  garments  therefrom.  These  must  have 
been,  however,  more  than  usually  favorable  representatives  of  their 
race. 

"The  working  and  voyaging  dress  of  the  Frencli  masses,"  says 
Keynolds,  '*  was  sini|»le  and  primitive.  TIk'  French  were  like  the 
lilies  of  the  valley  (^the  (JId  llanger  was  not  always  exact  in  his 
([jiotations), — they  neither  spun  nor  wove  any  of  their  clothing,  l)ut 
purchased  it  Irom  the  merchants.  The  white  blanket  coat,  known 
as  the  ciipot,  was  the  universal  and  eternal  coat  for  the  winter  with 
the  masses.  A  cape  was  m:ide  of  it  that  eoiild  Ikj  raised  over  the 
head  in  cold  weather. 

"  In  the  house,  and  in  good  weather,  it  hung  l)ehind,  a  cape  to 
the  blanket  coat.  The  reason  that  I  know  these  coats  so  well  is, 
that  I  have  worn  many  in  my  youth,  and  a  working  man  never  wore 
a  better  g.irment.  Dres.scd  deer-skins  and  blue  cloth  were  wi»rn 
commonly  in  the  winter  for  pantaloons.  The  blue  haiulkerchiet' 
atid  the  deer-skin  moccjisin.s  covered  the  liead  and  feet  generally  of 
the  Frenc!(. Creoles.  In  ISOO,  scarcely  a  man  thought  himself  clothed 
unless  he  had  a  belt  tied  around  his  blanket  coat,  and  on  one  side 
was  hung  the  dressed  skin  of  a  p»»le-cat,  tilled  with  ttjbacco,  pipe, 
tlint  and  steel.  On  the  other  side  was  fastened,  under  the  belt,  the 
the  butcher-knife.  A  Crecdo  in  this  dress  felt  like  Tam  O'Shanter 
tilled  with  us(juel>a»igh;  jjo  ctiuld  face  the  devil.  Checked  calico 
shirts  were  then  common,  but  in  winter  llannel  was  trequcntly 
worn.  In  the  summer  the  laboring  men  and  the  voyagers  often 
took  their  shirts  otV  in  hard  work  and  hot  weather,  and  turned  out 
the  naked  back  to  the  air  and  sun." 

"  Among  the  Americans,"  he  adds,  '•  home-made  wool  hats  were 
the  common  wear.  Fur  hats  were  not  c<»mmon.  and  scarcelv  a  boot 
w;is  seen.  The  covering  of  the  feet  in  winter  was  chietlv  moccasins 
made  of  deer-.^kins,  and  shoe  j)acks  of  tanned  leather.  S<»me  wore 
shoes,  but  not  common  in  very  early  times.  In  the  summer  the 
greater  portion  of  the  youni;  ]>eoi)le,  male  and  female,  and  many  of 
tlie  oUl,  went  barefoot.  The  substantial  and  universal  outside  wear 
was  the  blue  linse}'  hunting-shirt.  This  is  an  excellent  garment, 
and  I  have  never  felt  so  hanpv  and  healthy  since  I  laid  it  off.     It  is 


HISTUKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  153 

made  of  wide  sleeves,  open  before,  with  ample  size  so  as  to  envelop 
the  body  almost  twice  around.  Sometimes  it  had  a  large  cape? 
which  answers  well  to  save  the  shoulders  from  the  rain.  A  belt  is 
mostly  used  to  keep  the  garment  close  around  the  person,  and, 
nevertheless,  there  is  nothing  tight  about  it  to  hamper  the  body. 
It  is  often  fringed,  and  at  times  the  fringe  is  cumpi^sed  of  red,  and 
other  gay  colors.  The  belt,  fre(|ucntly,  is  sewed  to  the  hunting-shirt. 
The  vest  was  mostly  made  of  striped  linsey.  Tiie  colors  were  made 
often  with  alum, copperas  and  madder,  boiled  with  the  l)ark  of  trees, 
in  such  a  manner  and  ])roportion3as  the  old  ladies  prescribed.  The 
pantaloons  of  the  masses  were  generally  made  of  deer-skin  and 
linsey.     Course  blue  cloth  was  sometimes  made  into  pantaloons. 

**  Linsey,  neat  and  fine,  manufactured  at  home,  composed  generally 
the  outside  varments  of  the  females  as  well  as  the  males.  The 
ladies  had  linsey  colored  and  woven  to  suit  their  fancy.  A  bonnet, 
composed  of  calico,  or  some  gay  goods,  was  worn  on  the  head  wherj 
they  were  in  the  open  air.  Jewelry  on  the  pioneer  ladies  was 
uncommon;  a  gold  ring  was  an  ornament  not  often  seen." 

In  1S20  a  change  of  dress  began  to  take  place,  and  before  1S3<>, 
according  to  Ford,  most  of  the  pioneer  costume  had  disappeared. 
"The  blue  linsey  hunting-shirt,  with  red  or  white  fringe,  had  given 
place  to  the  cloth  coat.  [Jeans  would  be  more  like  the  fact.J  The 
raccoon  cap,  with  the  tail  of  the  animal  dangling  down  behind,  had 
been  thrown  aside  for  hats  of  wool  or  fur.  Boots  and  shoes  had 
supplied  the  deer-skin  moccasins;  and  the  leather  breeches,  strapped 
tight  around  the  ankle,  had  disappeared  before  unmentionables  of  a 
more  modern  material.  The  female  sex  had  made  still  greater  pro. 
gress  in  dress.  The  old  sort  of  cotton  or  woolen  frocks,  spun,  woven 
and  made  with  their  own  fair  hands,  and  strijjed  and  cross-barred 
with  blue  dye  and  turkey  red,  had  given  place  to  gowns  of  silk  and 
calico.  The  feet,  before  in  a  state  of  nudity,  n(jw  charmed  in  shoes 
of  calf-skin  or  slippers  of  kid;  and  the  head,  tbrmerly  unbonneted, 
but  covered  with  a  cotto  i  handkercliief,  now  displayed  the  charms 
of  the  female  face  under  many  forms  of  bonnets  of  straw,  silk  and 
leghorn.  The  young  ladies,  instead  of  walking  a  mile  or  two  to 
church  on  Sundav, carrvin^  their  shoesand  stocking's  in  their  hands 
until  within  a  hundred  yards  of  the  place  of  worship,  as  formerly, 
now  came  forth  arrayed  complete  in  all  the  pride  of  dress,  mounted 
on  fine  horses  and  attended  by  their  male  admirers." 


i:.4  UISTORV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

Tlie  last  half  century  has  douhtluss  witnesse<i  clianges  quire  as 
great  as  those  set  f'ortli  by  our  Illinois  historian.  The  chronicler 
of  to  (lav,  lookini:  hack  to  the  gctKlt-n  davs  of  1S30  to  1S40,  and 
comparing  them  with  the  present,  must  he  struck  with  the  tendency 
of  an  almost  monotonous  unitormity  in  dress  and  manners  that 
conies  from  the  easy  inter  communication  atforded  by  steamer,  rail- 
way, telegraph  and  newspaper.  Home  nianufacturert.  have  been 
driven  fnmi  the  household  by  the  lower-priced  fabrics  of  distant 
mills.  The  Kentucky  jeans,  and  the  ciipperas-colored  clothing  of 
home  manufacture,  sd  familiar  a  few  years  ago,  have  given  place  tt» 
the  cassi meres  and  cloths  of  noted  factories.  The  ready made- 
clothiuij  stores,  like  a  touch  of  nature,  made  tiie  whole  world  kiii- 
.lud  niav  drape  the  charcoal  man  in  a  tlress-coat  and  a  stove-pipe 
hat.  The  prints  an<l  silks  <»f  England  aiui  France  give  a  varit'ty  of 
choice,  and  an  a.>.sortment  of  colors  and  shades  such  as  the  pioneer 
women  could  hanlly  have  dreamed  of.  Godey,  ami  Demorest,  an«l 
Harper's  lia/ar  are  found  in  our  nuKiern  farm-houses,  and  the  latest 
fashions  of  Paris  are  not  uncommon. 

rilVSKWl.   FKATriiES   OF    Il.MN'olS. 

In  area  the  SUite  lias  55,410  square  miles  of  territory.  It  is 
about  150  miles  wide  and  4oo  miles  long,  stretching  in  latitude 
from  Maine  to  Xortii  Carolina.  The  climate  varies  from  Portland 
to  Uichmond.  It  favors  every  product  of  the  continent,  including 
the  tropics,  with  less  than  half  a  dozen  e.xcej>tions.  It  jiroduces 
vvvry  great  f«.KHl  of  the  world  except  bananas  and  rice.  It  is  hardly 
t(M)  much  to  say  that  it  is  the  most  productive  spot  known  to  civil- 
ization. With  the  soil  full  of  bread  and  the  earth  full  of  minerals; 
with  an  uj>per  surface  of  footl  and  an  under  layer  of  fuel;  with  per- 
fect natural  drainage,  and  abumlant  springs,  and  streams,  and  navi- 
gable rivers;  half  way  b'.'tween  the  forests  of  the  Xorth  and  the 
fruits  of  the  South;  within  a  day's  ride  of  the  great  dej>osits  of 
iron,  coal,  copper,  lead  and  zinc;  and  containing  and  controlling 
the  great  grain,  cattle,  pork  and  lumber  markets  of  the  world,  it  is 
not  strange  that  Illinois  has  the  advantage  of  position. 

There  are  no  mountains  in  Illinois;  in  the  southern  as  well  as  in 
the  northern  jmrt  of  the  State  there  are  a  few  hills;  near  the  banks 
of  the  Illinois,  Mississipj^i,  and  several  other  rivers,  the  ground  is 


IIISTORV    OF    ILLINOIS.  155 

elevated,  forming  tljo  so-called  bluffs,  on  which  at  the  present  day 
niaj'  be  found,  uneffaced  by  the  hand  of  Time,  the  marks  and  traces 
left  by  the  water  which  was  formerly  ii.uch  higher;  whence  it  raa^' 
be  sale  to  conclude  that,  whei-e  now  the  fertile  prairies  of  Illinois 
extend,  and  the  rich  soil  of  the  country  yields  its  golden  harvests, 
must  have  been  a  vast  sheet  of  water,  the  mud  deposited  l»y  which 
formed  the  soil,  thus  accounting  lor  the  present  great  fertility  of  the 
country, 

Illinois  is  a  garden  4*10  miles  long  and  150  miles  wide.  Its  soil 
18  chiefly  a  black,  sandy  loam,  from  G  inches  to  60  feet  thick.  About 
the  old  French  towns  it  has  yielded  corn  fur  a  century  and  a  half 
without  rest  or  help.  She  leads  all  other  States  in  the  number 
of  acres  actually  under  plow.  Iler  mineral  wealth  is  scarcely 
sectxjid  to  her  agricultural  power.  She  has  coal,  iron,  lead,  zinc, 
copper,  many  varieties  of  building  stone,  marble,  fire  clay,  cuiiui 
clay,  common  brick  clay,  sand  of  all  kinds,  gravel,  mineral  paint, — 
in  fact,  everything  needed  for  a  high  civilization. 

AGRICULTUKE. 

If  any  State  of  the  Union  is  adaj)ted  for  agriculture,  and  tfie  other 
branches  of  rural  economv  relating  thereto,  such  as  the  raisins  of 
cattle  and  the  culture  of  fruit  trees,  it  is  pre-eminently  Illinois. 
Her  extremely  fertile  prairies  recompense  tlie  fanner  at  less 
trouble  and  expense  than  he  would  be  obliged  to  incur  elsewhere,  in 
order  to  obtain  the  same  results.  Her  rich  soil,  adapted  by  nature 
for  immediate  culture,  only  awaits  the  plow  and  the  seed  in  order 
to  mature,  within  a  few  months,  a  most  bountiful  harvest.  A 
review  of  statistics  will  be  quite  interesting  to  the  reader,  as  well  as 
valuable,  as  showing  the  enormous  quantities  of  the  various  cereals 
produced  in  our  prairie  State: 

In  1S76  there  was  raised  in  the  State  130,000,000  of  bushels  of 
corn, — twice  as  much  as  any  other  State,  and  one-sixth  of  all  the  corn 
raised  in  the  United  States.  It  would  take  375,000  cars  to  transport 
this  vast  amount  of  corn  lo  market,  which  would  make  15,000  trains 
of  25  cars  each.  She  harvested  2,747,000  tons  of  hay,  nearly  one- 
tenth  of  all  the  hay  in  the  Republic.  It  is  not  generally  appreciated, 
but  it  is  true,  that  the  hay  crop  of  the  country  is  worth  more  than 
the  otton  croj).    The  hay  of  Illinois  equals  the  cotton  of  Louisiana- 


166 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


Go  to  Charleston,  S.  C,  and  see  them  peddling  handfuls  of  liay  or 
grass,  almost  as  a  curiosity,  as  we  regard  Chinese  gods  or  the  cryo- 
lite of  Greenland;  drink  your  cort'ee  and  condensed  milk;  and  walk 
l>ack  from  the  coast  f(»r  many  a  league  through  the  saiul  and  hurs 
till  you  get  up  into  the  better  atmos|)here  of  the  mountains,  with- 
out seeing  a  waving  meadow  or  a  grazing  lierd;  then  you  will  begin 
to  ai)preciate  the  meadows  of  the  Prairie  State. 

The  value  of  her  farm  iinj)lements  was,  in  1870,  1^211,000,000, 
i.nd  the  value  of  live  8tock  was  oidy  second  t>>  Xrw  Vork.  The 
same  year  she  had  25,000,000  liogs,  and  ])ackeil  2,113,s45,  about 
one-half  of  all  that  were  packed  in  the  United  States.  She  marketed 
$.">7,000,000  worth  of  slaughtered  animals. — more  than  any  other 
State,  and  a  seventh  of  all  the  States. 

Illinois  excels  all  other  States  in  inih'S  of  railri»ads  and  in  miles 
of  ])ostal  service,  and  in  money  orders  sold  j)er  annum,  and  in  the 
amount  of  lumber  sold. 

Illinois  was  ordy  second  in  many  important  matters,  taking  the 
rei)ort8  of  1S7C.  This  sample  list  comprises  a  few  of  the  ntore 
important:  Permaneiit  school  fund;  total  income  for  educational 
purposes;  numbi-r  of  publishers  of  book-^,  maps,  j)apers,  etc.;  value 
of  fanii  pnjvlucts  an<l  imj)lements,  and  of  live  stock;  in  tons  of  coal 
mined. 

The  shipping  ot  Illinois  was  only  second  to  New  Vork.  Out  of 
one  port  during  the  business  liours  of  the  scjison  of  navigation  she 
sent  forth  a  vessel  every  nine  minutes.  This  did  n<jt  include  canal- 
boats,  which  went  one  everv  five  minutes. 

No  wonder  she  was  only  second  in  numl>er  of  bankers  or  in  })hy- 
sicians  and  sur<Aions. 

She  was  third  in  c»dleges,  teachers  and  schools;  also  in  cattle, 
lead,  hay,  flax,  sorghum  and  beeswax. 

She  was  fourth  in  j)oj)idation,  in  children  enrolled  in  public 
schools,  in  law  schools,  in  butter,  potatoes  and  carriages. 

She  was  fifth  in  value  of  real  and  personal  property,  in  theologi- 
cal seminaries,  and  colleges  exclusively  for  women,  in  milk  sold, 
and  in  boots  and  shoes  manufactured,  and  in  lxK-)k-binding. 

She  was  only  seventh  in  the  production  of  wood,  while  she  was 
the  twelfth  in  area.  Surely  that  was  well  dtnie  for  the  Prairie  State. 
She  then  liad,  in  1876,  much  more  wood  and  growing  timber  than 
she  had  thirty  years  before. 


HISrOKV    OK    ILLINOIS.  ]  57 

A  few  leading  indiistrios  will  jiistity  eiii])hasis.  She  inaiiutactnred 
$205,000,000  wortii  of  goods,  which  placed  her  well  up  toward 
l^ow  York  and  Pennsylvania.  Tlie  number  of  her  manufacturing 
establishments  increased  from  1800  to  1S70,  300  per  cent.;  capital 
employed  increased  350  per  cent.;  and  the  amount  of  product  in 
creased  400  per  cent.  She  issued  5,500,000  copies  of  commercial 
and  financial  newspapers,  being  only  second  to  New  York.  She  had 
0,759  miles  of  railroad,  then  leading  all  other  States,  worth  §030,- 
458,000,  using  3,245  engines,  and  67,712  cars,  making  a  train  long 
enouijh  to  cover  one-tenth  of  the  entire  roads  of  the  State.  Her 
stations  were  only  five  miles  apart.  She  carried,  in  1876,  15,795,- 
000  passengers  an  average  of  oG^  miles,  or  equal  to  taking  her 
entire  p  )pulation  twice  across  the  State.  More  than  two-thirds  of 
her  land  was  within  five  miles  of  a  railroad,  and  less  than  two  per 
cent,  was  more  than  fifteen  miles  away 

Tlie  State  has  a  large  financial  interest  in  the  Illinois  Central 
railroad.  The  road  was  incorporated  in  1850,  and  the  State  gave 
each  alternate  section  for  six  miles  on  each  side,  and  doubled  the 
price  of  the  remaining  land,  so  keeping  herself  good.  The  road 
received  2,595,000  acres  of  laiid,  and  paid  to  the  State  one-seventh 
of  the  gross  receipts.  The  State  received  in  1877,  $350,000,  and 
had  received  up  to  that  year  in  all  about  $7,000,000.  It  was  prac- 
tically the  people's  road,  and  it  had  a  most  able  and  gentlemanly 
:nanagement.  Add  to  the  above  amount  the  annual  receipts  from 
the  canal,  $111,000,  and  a  large  ]>er  cent,  of  the  State  tax  was  pro- 
vided for,. 

GOVERNORS  OF    ILLINOIS. 

Shadrach  Bond — Was  the  first  Governor  of  Illinois.  He  was  a 
native  of  Maryland  and  born  in  1773;  was  raised  on  a  farm;  re- 
ceived a  common  English  education,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1794 
He  served  as  a  delegate  in  Congress  from  1811  to  1815,  where  he 
procured  the  right  of  pre-emption  of  public  land.  He  was  elected 
Governor  in  1818;  was  beaten  for  Congress  in  1824  by  Daniel  P. 
Cook      He  died  at  Ivaskaskia,  April  11.  1830. 

Edward  Coles — Was  born  Dec.  15,  1786,  in  Virginia.  His  father 
was  a  slave-holder;  gave  his  son  a  collegiate  education,  and  left  to 
him  a  large  number  of  slaves.  These  he  liberate<l,  giving  each 
head  of  a  famdy  160  acres  of  land  and  aconsideral)losnm  ot  inoney. 


158  ur^■r^>lcv  ,<y  Illinois. 

He  was  President  Madison's  jirivate  secretary,  lie  eaiueto  Illinois 
in  l^i II),  was  elected  Governor  in  I>22,  on  tlio  anti-slavery  ticket; 
moved  to  Philadelphia  in  1J533,  and  died  in  IbOti. 

Nlniaii  Edwards. — In  lb(»9,  on  the  formation  of  the  Territory  of 
Illinois,  Mr.  Edwards  was  npixunte  1  (tovenior,  which  position  he 
retained  until  the  or«^anization  of  the  State,  when  lie  was  sent  to 
the  United  States  Senate.  \ii  was  elected  Governor  in  1S'20.  He 
was  a  native  of  Maryland  an<l  horn  in  1775;  received  a  coUejriate 
education;  was  Chief  Justice  of  Kentucky,  and  a  Kepublican  in 
j»olitic8. 

John  lii'i/noJds — Was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  178'^,  ami  came 
witli  his  parents  to  Illinois  in  ISOO,  and  in  1830  was  elected  Gov- 
ernor on  the  Democratic  ticket,  and  afterwards  served  three  terms 
in  Ccmgress.  lie  received  a  classical  e«lucation,yet  was  not  polished. 
He  was  an  ultra  Deinocnit;  attended  tiio  Charleston  Cmvention  in 
ISCO,  and  ui<^ed  the  seizure  of  Cnited  States  arsenals  hy  the 
South.      He  died  in  lSr.5  at  I'elleville,  childless. 

Josfph  Duncan. — In  ls34  Joseph  Dunein  was  elected  Governor 
by  the  \Vhi<(S,  altlu>u<;h  formerly  a  Democrat.  He  had  previoubly 
served  four  terms  in  C»»n;'ress.  He  was  lx>rn  in  Kentuckv  in  17m; 
had  but  a  limited  e<lucation;  serve*!  with  dir>tinction  in  the  war  of 
1812;  conducted  tlie  campai;^n  of.  1832  a^jainst  J31ack  Hawk.  He 
came  to  Illinois  when  qu'te  young. 

Thouxan  Carlin — Was  clccte<l  as  a  Democrat  in  1S3S.  He  liad 
but  a  meaj^er  etlucation;  liehl  many  minor  otHccs,  and  was  active 
both  in  the  war  of  1*^12  and  the  Rhick  Hawk  war.  He  was  born  in 
Kentucky  in  1780;  ciimc  to  Illinois  in  1SI2,  and  died  at  Carrollton, 
Feb.  14.  1S52. 

77iotnjf<  Eord  ~\Vii->  burn  ill  IVniisvlvania  in  the  sxav  iNOit-  ^ud 
brought  by  bis  widowed  mother  to  Missouri  in  1801,  and  shortly 
afterwanls  to  Illinois.  He  received  a  good  education, studied  law; 
was  elected  four  times  Ju<lge,  twice  as  Circuit  Jn<lge,  Judge  of 
(Chicago  and  Judge  of  Supreme  Court.  He  was  elected  CJovernor 
by  the  Democratic  party  in  1^42;  wrote  liis  history  of  Illinois  in 
1817  and  died  in    1*^50. 

Au'/tistus  C.  Fi'cni-h — Was  liorn  in  New  Hampshire  in  1808; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  shortly  afterwanls  moved  U. 
Illinois  when  in  1840  he  was  elected  Governor.  On  the  ado{)tion 
of  the  Constitution  of  1^48  he  was  again  chosen,  serving  until  1853. 
lie  was  H  Democrat  uj  ]>olitic9. 


II18TORY    OK    ILLINOIS.  jytj 

Joel  A.  Matteson — Was  born  in  Jetiurson  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1808. 
His  father  was  a  fanner,  and  gave  his  son  only  a  coniniou  school 
education.  He  first  entered  upon  active  life  as  a  small  tradesman, 
but  subsequently  became  a  large  contractor  and  manufacturer.  He 
was  a  heavy  contractor  in  building  the  Canal.  He  was  elected  Gov- 
ernor in  1852  upon  the  Democratic  ticket. 

Willlnn  II.  Bissell — Was  elected  by  the  liepublican  party  in 
1856.  He  had  previously  served  two  terms  in  Congress;  was 
colonel  in  the  Mexican  war  and  has  held  minor  official  positions.  He 
was  born  in  New  York  State  in  1811;  received  a  common  educa- 
tion; came  to  Illinois  early  in  lile  and  engaged  in  the  medical  pro- 
fession. This  he  changed  for  the  law  and  became  a  noted  orator, 
and  the  standard  bearer  of  the  Republican  party  in  Illinois.  He 
died  in  1S60  while  Governor. 

Richard  Yates — "The  war  Governor  of  Illinois,"  was  born  in 
Warsaw,  Ky.,  in  1818;  came  to  Illinois  in  1831:  served  two  terms 
in  Congress;  in  18G0  was  elected  Governor,  and  in  1865  United 
States  Senator.  He  was  a  college  graduate,  and  read  law  under  J.  J, 
Hardin.  He  rapidly  rose  in  his  chosen  profession  and  charmed  the 
people  with  oratory.  He  tilled  the  gubernatorial  chair  during  the 
trying  days  of  the  Rebellion,  and  by  his  energy  and  devotion  won 
the  title  of  "  War  Governor."  He  became  addicted  to  strong  drink, 
ami  died  a  drunkard. 

Richard  J.  Ogleshy — Was  born  in  1824,  in  Kentucky;  an  orphan 
at  the  age  of  eight,  came  to  Illinois  when  only  12  years  old.  He 
was  apprenticed  to  learn  the  carpenter's  trade;  worked  some  at 
farming  and  read  law  occasionally.  He  enlisted  in  the  Mexican 
War  and  was  chosen  First  Lieutenant.  After  his  returii  he  again 
took  up  the  law,  but  during  the  gold  fever  of  1849  went  to  Califor- 
nia; soon  returned,  and,  in  1852,  entered  upon  his  illustrious 
political  career.  He  raised  the  second  regiment  in  the  State,  to 
suppress  the  Rebellion,  and  for  gallantry  was  promoted  to  Major 
General.  In  1864  he  was  elected  Governor,  and  re-elected  in  1872, 
and  resigned  for  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate.  He  is  a  staunch 
Republican  and  resides  at  Decatur. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom — Was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1828;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  1848;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1850, 
and  again  in  1860.     Served  on  the  war  commission  at  Cairo,  1862. 


160  UI8TOKV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

and  wjis  a  member  of  the  39th,  40tli  and  4 1  st  Congresa,  in  all  of  which 
he  served  with  credit  to  iiis  State.  U"  was  a^^ain  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature  in  1872,  and  re-electtnl  in  1874,  and  was  elected 
Governor  of  IllinoiiJ  in  l^'^^^,  which  olKeo  he  still  holds,  and  has 
adniinisteroil  with  marked  ahility. 

LIEDTKNANT   OOVEKNOR8. 

Pierre  Menard— ^Vm  the  first  Lieut.  Gov.  of  Illinois.  He  was 
born  in  Quebec,  Canada,  in  1767.  Ho  came  to  Illinois  in  17(>0 
where  he  enga^d  in  the  Indian  trade  and  became  wealthy.  Ho 
died  in  1844.      Metiard  ccmnty  was  nameil  in  his  honor. 

Ailolphus  F.  Iliibhiird — Was  elected  Licut.Gov.  in  1S22.  Four 
years    later  he  ran  for  Governor  aj^aitist  Edwards,  but  was  beaten. 

Wdlunn  Kinney — Wa.-*  elected  \n  18J6.  Ho  was  a  Iia|)tist 
clergyman;  wits  born  in  Kiiitiicky  in  1781  and  came  to  Illinois  in 
170:5. 

Z<idock  Casey — Although  on  the  o|)|>o6ition  ticket  to  Governor 
Reynolds,  the  successful  Gubernatorial  candidate,  yet  Casey  was 
elected  Lieut.  Gov.  in  1S3<),  He  subsequently  served  several  terms 
in  Congress. 

AUxaiuUr  M.  JenkinH  —  Wn^  elected  on  ticket  with  Gov.  Duncan 
in  1S:H  by  a  handsuine  majority. 

S.  IJ.  Awlcrson — Lieut.  Gov.  under  Gov.  Cariin,  was  chosen  in 
1838.     He  was  a  native  of  Tennessee. 

John  Moort — Was  born  in  England  in  1793;  came  to  Illinois  in 
1830;  was  elected  Lieut  Gov.  in  1842.  He  won  the  name  of 
'*  Honest  John  Moore." 

Joseph  B.  Wells — Was  cliosen  with  Gov.  French  at  his  first 
election  \u  1810. 

William  Mi'Murtry. — In  1848  when  Gov.  French  was  again 
chosen  Governor,  William  MeMurtry  of  Knox  county,  was  elected 
Lieut.  Governor. 

Gustavus  /*.  Kocrner — Was  elected  in  1S52.  He  was  born  in 
Germany  in  1809.  At  the  age  of  22  came  to  Illinois.  In  1872  he 
was  a  Ciindidate  for  Governor  on  Liberal  ticket,  but  was  defeated. 

John  Wood — Was  elected  in  1856,  and  on  the  death  of  Gov, 
Bissell  became  Governor. 

Francis  A.  Iloifman — Was  chosen  with  Gov.  Yates  in  1860 
He  was  born  in  Prussia  in  1822,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1840. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


161 


William  Bross — Was  born  in  New  Jersey,  came  to  Illinois  in 
1848,  was  elected  to  office  in  1864. 

John  Dougherty — Was  elected  in  1868. 

John  L.  Beveredge — Was  chosen  Lieut.  Gov.  in  1872.  In  1873 
Oglesby  was  elected  to  the  U,  S.  Senate  when  Beveridge  became 
Governor. 

Andrew  Shuman — Was  elected  Nov.  7,  1876,  and  is  the  present 
incumbent. 

SUPERINTENDENT   OF   PUBLIC    INSTRUCTION. 


Ninian  W.  Edwards, 1854-50 

W.  H.  Powell 1857-58 


Newton  Bateman 1859-75 

Samuel  M.  Etter 1876 


ATTORNEY   GENERALS. 


Daniel  P.  Cook. 1819 

William  Mears 1820 

Samuel  D.  Lockwood 1821-22 

James  Turney 182B-28 

George  Forquer 1829-;{2 

.James  Semple 1883-84 

Ninian  E.  Edwards 1834-85 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Jr. 1835 

Walter  B.  Scales  1836 

Asher  F.  Linder ia37 


Geo.  W.  Olney 1838 

WicklifTe  Kitchell 1839 

Josiah  Lamboru 1841-42 

James  A.  McDougall 1843-4G 

David  B.  Campbell 1846 

[Office  abolished  and  re-created  in  1867] 

Robert  G.  Ingersoll 1867-68 

Washington  Bushnell 1869-72 

James  K.  Edsall 1873-79 


TREASURERS. 


John  Thomas 1818-19 

R.  K.  McLaughlin 1819-22 

Ebncr  Field 1823-26 

James  Hall 1827-30 

John  Dement 1831-36 

Charles  Gregory 1836 

John  D.  Whiteside 1837-40 

M.  Carpenter 1841-48 

John  Moore 18-18-56 


James  Miller 1857-60 

William  Butler 1861-62 

Alexander  Starne 1863-64 

James  H.  Beveridge 1865-66 

George  W.  Smith 1867-6.S 

Erastus  N.  Bates 869-72 

Edward  Rutz  1873-75 

Thomas  S.  Ridgeway 1876-77 

Edward  Rutz 1878-79 


SECRETARIES  OF  STATE. 


Elias  K.  Kane 1818-22      Thompson  Campbell 1848-46 


Samuel  D.  Lockwood 1822-23 

David  Blackwell  1823-24 

Morris  Birkbeck 1824 

George  Forquer 1825-28 

Alexander  P.  Field 1829-40 

Stephen  A.  Douglas 1840 

Lyman  Trumbull 1841-42 


Horace  S.  Cooley 1846-49 

David  L.  Gregg 1850-52 

Alexander  Starne 1853-56 

Ozius  M.  Hatch 1857-60 

Sharon  Tyndalc 1865-6.^ 

Edward  Rummel 1809-72 

George  H.  Harlow 1873-79 


1(52                                                    mSTUKV    ol'  ILLINOIS. 

AIUITOU.S. 

Klijali  C.  Ik-rry.                              lblS_;}l  Tlioinpson  Cimiiihcl!                  ..IHlrt 

I.T.  li.  Sl:i|»i) IKJl-liO       Ji-ssi'  Iv.  Dulnti.s IHT)?- <14 

UniDavi,  iy;jr>-40       Orliii  II.  Miner IsaV^W 

James  Sliiclds.  IS41-42      Charles  K.  Lip|M'n«<.ii 1SS9-7G 

W.  L.  D.  Ewin:: 1^43-45      Tlionipson  B.  Needles 1S77-7U 


UKITKU    STATKb    8KNAT0K8. 

Ninidn  J'Jt/toiirds. — On  tlio  orupaiiizatiim  ol"  the  Stiite  in  islh, 
Edwards,  tho  populiir  Territorial  Cittvcrnor,  wiis  cliogen  Senatoi-  tt»r 
the  short  tt'nij,jind  in  1810  re-elccteil  tor  fnll  term. 

Jti(tit'  Ji.  Thoiii'iH — One  ot"  the  federal  judije.s  duiiiii;  the  entire 
Territorial  existeiieo  was  eho.sen  Senator  on  orj;aiiization  of  the 
Stati',  and  re-eleeted  in  ls23,  and  served  till  1S20. 

Jiiltn  Mil^an — In  1824  Kdward.s  resigned,  and  McLean  was 
elected  to  till  his  unexpired  term.  lit.'  wa.s  horn  in  North  Carolina 
in  ITlU.and  came  to  Illinois  in  1815;  served  one  term  in  (^ofigress, 
and  in  1821)  wji.s  electtnl  to  tho  U.  S.  Senate,  but  the  fallowing  year 
died.  He  is  said  to  have  l>een  the  most  git'ted  man  of  his  ]»eriod  in 
llliiioi-. 

KlUm  Ac*«/  Ati/tc  — Was  elected  Nov.  30,  1824,  for  the  term  be- 
ginning March  4,  1825.  In  ls;}()  he  wiw  re-elected,  but  <lic<l  before 
tho  exj>iration  of  bin  term.  He  wa?  a  native  of  New  York,  ami  in 
1814  came  to  Illinoi.-J  lie  wa»  tir.xt  Secretary  of  State,  an<l  after- 
wards State  S<'nator. 

Divid  Jewi'tt  Jiiiker — Was  a|))>ointod  to  till  the  unexpirc<l  term 
of  John  McLean,  in  1830,  Nov.  12,  but  the  Ixjgislature  refused  to 
endorse  the  choice.  Baker  was  u  native  of  Connecticut,  born  in 
17112,  and  died  in  Alton  in  LSCO. 

JohnM.  liobinson. — Instead  of  Baker,  the  Governor's  appointee, 
tho  Lci^islature  cho.se  Ilobinson,  and  in  ls34  he  was  re-elected.  In 
1843  was  elected  Supreme  Judge  of  the  State,  but  within  two 
months  died.  He  was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  came  to  Illinois 
while  (juito  young. 

William  L.  D.  J'Jioinfj—Wiis  elected  in  1^3.>,  to  till  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  Kane,     lie  was  a  Kentuckian. 

Richard  M.  Young — Was  elected  in  1836,  and  held  his  seat 
from  March  4,  1837,  to  March  4,   1843,  a  full  term.     He   was  a 


r> 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  163 

native  of  Kentucky;  was  Circuit  Judge  before  liis  election  to  the 
Senate,  and  Supreme  Judge  in  1842.  He  died  in  an  insane  asylum 
at  AV^asliington. 

Samuel  McRoherts — Tlie  first  native  lUinoisian  ever  elevated  to 
the  high  office  of  U.  S.  Senator  from  this  State,  was  born  in  17i)9, 
and  died  in  1843  on  his  return  home  from  Washington.  He  was 
elected  Circuit  Judge  in  1824,  and  March  4,  1841,  took  his  seat  in 
the  U.  S.  Senate. 

Sidney  Brecbe — Was  elected  to  the  IT.  S.  Senate,  Dee.  17,  1842, 
and  served  a  full  term.  He  was  born  in  Oneida  countv,  N.  Y. 
He  was  Major  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  Circuit  Judge,  and  in  1841 
was  elected  Su])reme  Judge.  He  served  a  full  term  in  the  U.  S. 
Senate,  beginning  March  4,  1843,  after  which  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legishiture,  again  Circuit  Judge,  and,  in  1857,  to  the  Supreme 
Court,  which  ])Osition  lie  held  until  his  death  in  1878. 

James  Semple — Was  the  successor  of  Samuel  McRoberts,  and 
was  appointed  by  Gov.  Ford  in  1843.  He  was  afterwards  elected 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas — Was  elected  Dec.  14,  1846.  He  had  pre- 
viously served  three  terms  as  Congressman.  He  became  his  own 
successor  in  1853  and  again  in  1859.  From  his  first  entrance  in  the 
Senate  he  was  acknowledged  the  ])eer  of  Clay,  Webster  and  Cal- 
houn, with  whom  he  served  liis  first  term.  His  famous  contest 
with  Abraham  Lincoln  for  the  Senate  in  1858  is  the  most  memor- 
able in  the  annals  of  our  country.  It  was  called  the  battle  of  the 
giants,  and  resulted  in  Douglas'  election  to  the  Senate,  and  Lincoln 
to  the  Presidency.  He  was  born  in  Brandon,  Vermont,  April  23, 
1813,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1833,  and  died  in  186L  He  was 
appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  Gov.  Carlin  in  1840,  and  shortly 
afterward  to  the  Supreme  Bench. 

James  Shields — Was  elected  and  assumed  his  seat  in  the  U.  S. 
Senate  in  1849,  March  4.  He  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1810,  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1827.  lie  served  in  the  Mexican  army,  was 
elected  Senator  from  Wisconsin,  and  in  1879  from  Missouri  for  a 
short  term. 

Lyman  Tramhull — Took  his  seat  in  the  [J,  S.  Senate  March  4, 
1855,  and  became  his  own  successor  in  1861.  Ho  had  previously 
jjerved  one  term  in  the  Lower  House  of  Congress,  and  served  on 
the  Supreme  Bench.     He   was   born   in    Connecticut;   studied   law 


104  HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOie. 

and  came  to  Illinois  early  in  lite,  where  lor  years  he  wau  actively 
engaged  in  politics.     He  resides  in  Chicago. 

Orvill  II.  Brownhuj — Was  appointed  U.  S.  Senator  in  ISOl,  to 
lill  the  seat  made  vacant  by  the  death  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  until 
a  Senator  could  be  regularly  elected.  Mr.  drowning  was  born  in 
Harrison  county,  Kentucky;  was  ailmitteil  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and 
settled  in  Quincy,  Hlinois,  where  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law, 
and  was  instrumental,  with  his  friend,  Abraham  Lincoln,  in  form- 
ing the  Kepublican  party-of  Illinois  at  the  Hloomingt(»n  pDnven- 
tion.  He  entered  Johnson's  cabinet  as  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
and  in  March,  1SG8,  was  designated  by  the  President  to  jK-rform  the 
duties  of  Attorney  (Jenenil.  in  additiui:  to  his  own,  Jis  Seen-tarv  of 
the  Intcrii)r  De|»artment. 

WlUi'iin  A.  liirlinrdson — Was  elected  U}  the  U.  S.  S«'rnitc  in 
18C3,  to  fill  the  uncxpire(J  term  of  his  friend,  Steph«'n  A  l).>uglas. 
lit-  was  lH)rn  in  Kavetto  county,  Kv.,  about  1810,  studied  law. 
and  settled  itj  Illinois;  6erve<l  as  captain  in  the  Mexican  War,  aiid. 
»»n  the  battle-field  of  Buena  Vist^i,  was  pnjinoteil  for  brav«ry,  bv  a 
unanimiMis  vote  of  his  regiment.  IIo  serveil  in  the  Lower  House 
of  Congress  from  1847  to  1S56,  conlirnnilly. 

liic/ifinl  Ynfi's — Was  elected  to  the  l'.  S.  Senate  in  1865,  ber\ - 
ing  a  full  term  of  Pix  years.  He  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Nov.  27, 
1873. 

John  A.  /.//i'«/n—W}LS  elected  to  the  V.  S.  Senate  in  1871.  He 
was  born  in  .Jackson  county.  111.,  Feb.  9,  1826,  received  a  common 
scho(d  education,  a:id  enlistcil  as  a  ])rivate  in  the  Mexiatn  War, 
where  he  n»se  to  the  rank  of  Ilegimental  (Quartermaster.  On 
returning  home  he  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  185'J;  was 
elected  in  1858  a  Representative  to  the  36th  Congress  and  re-elected 
to  the  37tl»  Congress,  resigning  in  18<U  to  take  part  in  the  sup- 
])rc68ion  of  the  Itel>ellion;  served  a.s  Colonel  and  subsequently  as  a 
Major  General,  and  commanded,  witli  distinction,  the  armies  of 
the  Tennessee.  He  was  again  elected  \m  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  ls7J> 
for  six  years. 

Diir'id  />rti'j«—  Was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  1877  for  a  terui 
of  six  years.  He  was  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  March  9,  1815, 
graduated  at  Kenyon  C<»llege,  Ohio,  studied  law,  and  removed  to 
Illinois  in  1S35;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  settled  in  Blooming- 
ton,  where  he  has  since  resided  and  amassed  a  larjre  fortune.     He 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  166 

was  for  many  years  the  intimate  friend  and  associate  of  Abraham 
Lincohi,  rode  the  circuit  with  liiin  each  year,  and  after  Lincohi's 
election  to  the  Presidency,  was  appointed  by  him  to  fill  the  position 
of  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States. 

REPRESENTATIVES  IN   CONGRESS. 

FIFTEENTH  CONGRESS.  NINETEENTH    CONGRESS. 

John  McLean 1818      Daniel  P.  Cook 1825-26 

SI.XTEENTU    CONGRESS.  TWENTIETH  CONGHKSS. 

Daniel  P.  Cook 1819-20     Joseph  Duncan 1827-28 

SEVENTEENTH   CONGRESS.  TWENTY-FIRST    CONGRESS. 

Daniel  P.  Cook 1821-22     Joseph  Duncan 1829-30 

EIGHTEENTH    CONGRESS.  TWENTY-SECOND  CONCUIFSS. 

Daniel  P.  Cook. . : 1823-24     Joseph  Duncan 1831-32 

TWENTY-THIRD    CONGRESS. 

Joseph  Duncan 1833-34     Zadock  Casey 1833-34 

TWENTY-FOURTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey 1835-36     William  L.  May 1835-36 

John  Reynolds 1835-36 

TWENTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey 1837-38     William  L.  May 1837-38 

John  Reynolds 1837-38 

TWENTY-SIXTH    CONGRESS. 

Zndock  Casey 1839-40     John  T.  Stuart 1839-40 

John  Reynolds 1839-40 

TWENTY-SEVENTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey 1841-42     John  T.  Stuart 1841-42 

John  Reynolds 1841-42 

TWENTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 

Robert  Smith 1843-44     Joseph  P.  Hoge 1843-44 

Orlando  B.  Finklin 1843-44     John  J.  Hardin 1843-44 

Stephen  A.  Douglas  1843-44     John  AVentworth 1843-i4 

John  A.  McClernand 1843^4 

TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 

Robert  Smith 1845-46  Joseph  P.  Hoge 1845-46 

Stephen  A.  Douglas 1845^6  John  A.  McClernand 1815^6 

Orlando  B.  Finklin 1845-46  John  Wentworth 1845^16 

John  J.  Hardin 1845 

THIRTIETH    CONGRESS. 

John  Wentworth 1847-48      Orlando  B.  Finklin 1847-48 

Thomas  J.  Turner 1847  Robert  Smitli 1847-48 

Abraham  Lincoln 1847-48      William  A.  Richardson 1847-48 

John  A.  McClernand 1847-48 


1(56  llI.-l«'i:V    I'l-     Il.l.l.NOl:^. 

TUIKTY-KIKM'    CO.S<iUK88. 

John  A.  McCioruaii'i 1849-50  Edward  D.  Bakor 1849-60 

John  Wcutworlh IWlO-W  William  II.  Bissdl 1849-50 

Tiimilhy  R.  Young is49-r)0  Thomas  L.  Harris 1849 

\Villi:nn  A.  Richardson 1^49-50 

THIRTY-SECOND    CONOUESa. 

William  A.  Richardson 1851-52  Richard  Yatca  ia'51-53 

Thomjjsou  Campbell       1851-53  Richard  S.  Maloaey 1851-52 

Orland..  B.  Finkliii.  • .  \Sr>l-52 Willis 1851-53 

John  Wintworlh iail-53  William  11.  Bisscll 1851-53 

TIIIUT^-TIIIUl)    C'DNOHICSS. 

William  II.  Hissdl 1853-54  Thompson  Campbell 1853-54 

John  I'.  AlU-Ji lS.*>3-54  Janu's  Knox 1853-51 

Willis  .     "il  Jtsse  O.  Norton.  1853-54 

Elihu  B.  Wiuihlmrue Ki.i  .")4  William  A.  Richardson 1803-54 

Richard  Yat.s 1853- 54 

TUIUTV-F«l'RTII    CONUUE88 

Klihu  B.  Washburno  .  .1855-50  Samuel  8.  Marshall 1855-50 

Lyman  Trumbull. . .  .  .1N55-50  J.  L.  D.  Morrison 1855-50 

James  11.  W.KKlworlh 1S55-50  John  C.  Allen 1855-,'>0 

Jam<-s  Knox 1855-50  Jesse  U.  Nt)rton 1855-50 

Tl;onip.««t>n  Camplx-U 1855-50  William  A.  Richardson 1855-50 

TIIIUTV  KIKTII    CONUHESS. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne 1857-58     Samuel  S.Marshall 1857-58 

Charles  n.  II' ;  '   ""58      Isaac  N.  Morris 1S57-58 

William  Kill. .^,.. .  58      Annm  Shaw 1857-58 

Thomi)son  ranijdH-U 1857-58      RoU-rt  Smith 1857-58 

John  F.  Farnsworth 1857-58     Thomas  L.  Harris     1857-58 

Owen  Lovujoy ...  1857-58 

T!i!!;'^v  SIXTH  rosr.uEsa 

Elihu  B.  Wa9hbum<\  .  . .  -    '  oO     John  F.  Farnsworth 1859-00 

John  A.  Logan...  .1850-00     Philip  B.  Foukc 1859-00 

Owen  I/ivejoy "••;()  Thomas  L.  Harris                        .lS'»9-00 

John  A.  MeCleruand .-       '-0      Williatu  Kellogg 1859-00 

Isaac  X   Morris l,vi  <  i.o     James  {'.  Robinson 1859-00 

THIRTY-SKVE.NTH    OONORESS. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne  .1801-62  Isaac  N.  Arnold 1801-02 

James  C.  Robinson.  ..18<]l-n2  Philij)  B.  Foukc      .  .  .lSGl-02 

John  A.  Ix^gan ...  lSOl-63  William  Kellogg 1801-02 

Owen  Lovejoy 1ft01-02  Anthony  L.  Knapp 1801-02 

John  A.  McClernand  -31-02  William  A.  Richardson 1801-U3 

THIKTY-EIGHTH    CON0KE8S. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne I-"." -04      William  J.  Allen 1803-04 

Jesse  O.  Norton ls<;;;-r,4      Isaac  X.  Arnold 1803-04 

lames  C.  Robinson 1803-04     John  R.  Eden 1863-04 


*.>*>''■"' 


Kim 


iiiliilF?: 


••r    :f.|, 


rKNTRAI.  IIO^IMTAI.  FOIJ  TlIK   INsANK,  ..  \'   ,v -■ .  >  >  1 1.I.K. 


ILLINOIS    INDUSTRIAL    UNIVERSITV.    CHAMI'AKIN — KOCNDKD    15V  TlIK    >TATK 

KNDoWKD    15Y    rONOKKSS. 


IIISTOIJY    OF    ILLI.N»)1S. 


1G9 


Lewis  W.  Ross 1803-64 

John  T  Stuart 18G:i-64 

Owen  Lovejoy 18G3-(54 

William  R.  Morrison 18G3-(i4 

John  C.  Allen 18G3-64 


John  F.  Farnswortb 1803-04 

Charles  W.  Morris 1803-04 

Ebon  C.  Ingersull 1803-^4 

Antuony  L.  Knapp 1803-04 


THIRTY-NINTH    CONOUE8S. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne 1865-00 

Anthony  B.  Thornton 1805-00 

John  Wentworlh 1805-00 

Abner  C.  Hardin. *. . .  .1865-66 

Eben  C.  Ingorsoll lS;;5-00 

Barton  C\  Cook 1865-00 

Shelby  M.  CuUom 1865-00 


Jonn  F.  Famsworth 1865-00 

Jehu  Baker 1805-00 

Henry  P.  H.  Broniwell 1805-00 

Andrew  Z,  Kuykandall 1805-00 

Samuel  S.  Marshall. 1805-06 

Samuel  W.  Muulton 1805-00 

Lewis  W.  Ross 1805-06 


FORTIETH    CONGRESS. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne 1867-68 

Abner  C.  Hardin 1867-68 

Eben  C  Ingersoll 1867-08 

Norman  B.  Judd 1807-08 

Albert  G.  Burr 1807-68 

Burton  C.  Cook  1867-68 

Shelby  M.  Oulloni 1867-68 


John  F.  Farnsworlh 1807-68 

Jehu  Baker 1867-68 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell 1867-68 

John  A  Logan 1867-68 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1867-08 

Green  B.  Raum 1807-08 

Lewis  W.  Ross 1867-68 


FORTY-FIRST    CONGRESS. 


Norman  B.  Judd 1869-70 

John  F.  Famsworth 1869-70 

H.  C.  Burchard 1809-70 

John  B.  Hawley 1809-70 

Eben  C  Ingersoll 1809-70 


Shelby  M.  Cullom 1869-70 

Thomas  W.  McNeely 1809-70 

Albert  C4.  Burr " 1869-70 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1869-70 

John  B.  Hay 1809-70 

Burton  C.  Cook 1809-70     John  M.  Crcbs .' 1809-70 

Jesse  H.  Moore 1809-70     John  A.  Logan 1809-70 

FORTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 

Charles  B.  Farwell 1871-72     James  C.  Robinson 1871-72 


John  F.  Famsworth 1871-72 

Horatio  C.  Burehard 1871-72 

John  B.  Hawley 1871-72 

Bradford  N.  Stevens 1871-72 

Henry  Snapp 1871-72 

Jesse  H.  Moore 1871-72 


Thomas  W.  McNeely 1871-72 

Edward  Y.  Rice 1871-72 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1871-72 

John  B.  Hay 1871-72 

John  M.  Crebs 1871-72 

John  S.  Beveredge 1871-72 


FORTY-THIRD    CONGRESS. 


John  B.  Rice 1873-74 

Jasper  D.  Ward 1873-74 

Charles  B.  Farwell   1873-74 

Stephen  A.  Hurlbut 1873-74 

Horatio  C.  Burchard 1873-74 

John  B.  Hawley 1873-74 

Franklin  Corwin 1873-74 


Robert  M.  Knapp 1873-74 

James  C.  Robinson 1873-74 

John  B.  McNulta 1873-74 

Joseph  G.  Cannon 1873-74 

John  R.  Eden 1873-74 

James  S.  Martin 1873-74 

William  R.  Morrison 1873-74 


170 


HIbToRY    of    ILLINOIS. 


CntiibUry  L.  Fori 1873-74      Isaac  Clcmeots 1873-74 


Samuel  S.  Murshull 


GrauvjUf  Barrere 1H73-74 

William  II.  liiiy...       1873-74 

KOHTY-h"OL'UTII    COMJUKSS. 

ntrnunl  CJ.  Caiiintkl 1875-70      Scull  Wiko. 

('arl<  r  II    ll)ir.i.s<iii ...  ;.'<T5-70 

CharU-8  H.  Farwell 1875-76 

Sti-iiliin  A.  Ilurlbut ls7.'>-7« 

Ilonilio  C.  lliiivliuril .  1875  70 

Tiiuma-s  J.  IKnilirsou 1875-  76 

Alcxandir  CainplK-li 1875-76 


1M73-74 


.lS75-7(i 
.1875-76 
. 1875-76 
76 


(Jn-riihurv    L.  Fort. 


1H75';6 


William  M.  Sjtriugcr 

Adlai  E.  SU'veuson . 

Ji>!M-|)li  (t.  Ciinuon 

Jobn  U.  Kdc-u .  »-76 

W.  A.  J.  S|i«rks 1875-76 

William  H.  .Morri»<>n 1875-76 

William   Harl/.n 187.5-76 

William  H  Auilrrson i^T',  7r, 


Itjch.iril  H.  Whiliiig 1875  76 

John  C.  IJagby 1875-76 

KOUTYKIKTU  CO.MiltKm. 

William  Aldricb..  1^*77-78     HolM-rt  M.  Ri...|.p 1H77-78 

Curtir  H   narrls4)n 1877-78      William  M  Springrr l'>77-78 

I/inn/.o  IJniitano 1877-78      Thoiniiit  F.Tipton l'<77-78 

William  Lalbnip 1877-78     .Ii.m  pb  Ct.('<uinon 1877-78 

IloralioC.  Hurchanl...                  7  7  7'<  .lobn  K   E»l«n. .  .                .      ..    1K77-78 


Tlioma.s.I.  Henderson... 

I'bilip  C  Ilavi-a 

fJrfcnbiiry  L.  Fort 1877-78 

Tliomiw  A.  lioyd 1-77  T'^ 

Benjamin  F  ^amh 1^77-78 

roitTY»«ITTn    n)MiItFJUL 


W.  A  .1   Sp.irkH 1M77-78 

William  H.  .M-.rriaon 1877-78 

William  Harlzell 1877-78 

Uiclmrd  W.  Townshcnd 1877-78 


William  Aldrich Ih7«J  80 

Georpe  R.  Davis 1879-W 

Hiram   IlarU-r 

.Tnhn  C  SlnT« in.  .......... 

U.  .M  A  Hawk ... 

Tliomas  J.  Henderson. . 
Thilip  r   Hayes  .  . 
(Jrnnluiry  L.  Fort.  .  .  . 

Tlionias  A.  Hoy*' 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh  ... 


87»-«0 


.Iume«  W.  Slnjjleion 1H79->» 

William  M.  Snrinirer 187U-HO 

A    i;  ..1M7»-S0 

.1.-.  pi,   .,    .   .mti.M, 1H7»-W 

AiU  rt  P.  For^ytbr   1879-*I0 

W.  A.  J.  RpnrkH.  m79^ 

Willinm  H.  MorriM)u 1879^80 

.I<.hn  H  T' ...m79-H0 

U.  W.  Ti.  J 1879-80 


CmCAGO. 

While  we  cannot,  in  the  brief  s^ace  we  have,  fi^'wc  more  than  a 
inea«:»*r  sketch  of  such  a  city  as  Chica«^^  yet  we  feel  the  history  of 
the  State  would  be  incomplete  without  speaking  of  its  metr(.j>oIi8, 
the  imtst  wonderful  city  on  the  glol)e. 

In  comparing  Chicago  as  it  was  a  few  years  since  with  Chicago 
of  to-dav,  we  behold  a  chanrfe  whose  veritable  existence  we  slioiild 


III3T0KY    OF    ILLINOIS.  171 

be  inclined  to  doubt  were  it  not  a  stern,  indisputable  tact.  Rapid 
as  is  the  customary  development  of  places  and  things  in  the  United 
States,  the  growth  of  Chicago  and  her  trade  stands  without  a  parallel. 
The  city  is  situated  on  the  west  shore  of  Lake  Michigan  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Chicago  river.  It  lies  14  feet  above  the  lake,  having 
been  raised  to  that  grade  entirely  by  the  energy  of  its  citizens,  its 
site  having  originally  been  on  a  dead  level  with  the  water  of  the 
lake. 

Tiie  city  extends  north  and  south  along  tlie  lake  about  ten  miles, 
and  westward  on  the  prairie  from  the  lake  five  or  six  miles,  embrac- 
ing an  area  of  over  40  square  miles."  It  is  divided  by  the  river 
into  three  distinct  jiarts,  known  as  the  North,  West  and  South 
Divisions,  or  "Sides,"  by  which  they  are  popularly  and  commonly 
known.     These  are  connected  by  33  bridges  and  two  tunnels. 

The  first  settlement  of  Chicago  was  made  in  1804,  during  which 
year  Fort  Dearborn  was  built.  At  the  close  of  1S30  Chicago  con- 
tained 12  houses,  with  a  population  of  about  100.  The  town  was 
organized  in  1833,  and  incorj)oratcd  as  a  city  in  1837.  The  first 
frame  buildins:  was  erected  in  1832,  and  the  first  brick  house  in 
1833.  The  first  vessel  entered  the  harbor  June  11,  1834;  and  at 
the  first  official  census,  taken  July  1,  1837,  the  entire  population 
was  found  to  be  4,170.  In  1850  the  population  had  increased  to 
2D,963;  in  1860,  to  112,172;  in  1870,  298,077;  and,  according  to 
the  customary  mode  of  reckoning  from  the  number  of  names  in 
tiie  City  Directory,  the  population  of  1879  is  over  500,000. 

Nicholas  Perrot,  a  Frenchman,  was  the  first  white  man  to  visit 
the  site  of  Chicago.  This  he  did  in  1671,  at  the  instigation  of  M. 
Toulon,  Governor  of  Canada.  lie  was  sent  to  invite  the  Western 
Indians  to  a  convention  at  Green  Bay.  It  has  i)een  often  remarked 
that  the  first  white  man  who  became  a  resident  of  Chicago  was  a 
negro.  Ills  name  was  Jean  Baptiste  Pointe  an  Sable,  a  mulatto  from 
tlie  West  Indies.  lie  settled  there  in  1796  and  built  a  rude  cabin  on 
the  north  bank  of  the  main  river,  and  laid  claim  to  a  tract  of  lan^l 
surrounding  it.  lie  disappeared  from  the  scene,  and  his  claim  was 
"jumped"  by  a  Frenchman  named  Le  Mai,  who  commenced  trad- 
ing with  the  Indians.  A  few  years  later  he  sold  out  to  John  Kin- 
zie,  who  was  then  an  Indian  trader  in  the  country  about  St. 
Joseph,  Mich.,  and  agent  for  the  American  Fur  Company,  which 
had  traded  at  Chicago  with  the  Indians  for  some  time;    and  this 


172  HISTORY    OK    ILLINOIS. 

fact  had,  probably  more  than  any  other,  to  do  with,  tlie  determina- 
tion of  tljc  Government  to  establisli  a  fort  there.  Tl»e  Indians 
were  growing  numerous  in  tliat  region,  being  attracted  by  the 
facilities  for  selling  their  wares,  as  Wfll  as  being  pressed  northward 
bv  the  tide  of  emigration  sotting  in  from  the  south.  It  was  judged 
necessary  to  have  some  force  near  that  point  to  kcej)  them  in 
check,  as  well  as  to  protect  the  trading  interests.  Mr.  Kinzio 
moved  his  family  there  the  same  year  Fort  Dearborn  was  built^ 
and  converted  the  Jean  liaptisto  cabin  into  a  tjisteful  dwelling. 

For  about  eight  years  things  moved  along  smoothly.  Thr  garri- 
son was  (piief,  and  the  traders  prosperous.  Tlien  the  United  States 
l)ccame  involved  in  tr<»ul)le  with  CJreat  Britain.  The  Indians  took 
the  warpath  long  before  the  declanition  of  hostilities  between  the 
civilized  nations,  committing:  great  depredations,  the  ujost  atro- 
cious of  which  was  the  massacre  of  F«>rt  Dearlxtrn,  an  account  of 
which  mav  Ik?  fount!  in  this  vrdnme  under  tiie  heading  of  "The 
War  of    iKl2." 

TIIK   (JRKAT    FIKK. 

From  the  year  1840  the  onward  march  of  the  city  of  Chicago 
Ut  the  date  of  the  great  lire  is  well  known.  To  recount  its  marvel- 
ous growtli  in  populatiun,  wealth,  internal  resources  and  improve- 
mentn  and  everything  else  that  g(X»  to  make  up  a  mighty  city« 
would  consume  more  space  than  we  could  devote,  liowever  interest- 
ing it  might  lie.  Its  j>rogress  astonished  the  world,  and  its  citizens 
stood  almost  appal letl  at  the  work  of  their  own  hands.  She  was 
happy,  pros|K;rou8  and  great  when  time  brought  that  terrible  Octo- 
l>er  night  (Oct.  9,  1871)  ami  with  it  the  grcit  fire,  memorable  as 
the  greatest  lire  ever  occurring  on  earth.  The  sensation  conveyed 
to  the  s|>cctat<^>r  of  this  unparalleled  event,  either  through  the  eye, 
the  ear,  or  other  senses  or  sympathies,  cannot  be  adequately 
descrilKjd,  and  any  attempt  to  do  it  but  shows  the  poverty  of  lan- 
guage. As  a  spectacle  it  was  l>eyond  doubt  the  grandest  as  well  as 
the  most  appalling  ever  offered  to  mortal  eyes.  From  any 
elevated  standpoint  the  appearance  was  that  of  a  vast  ocean  of 
flame,  sweeping  in  mile-long  billows  and  breakers  over  the  doomed 
city. 

Added  to  the  6i>ectiicular  elements  of  the  conflagration — the 
intense  and  lurid  light,  the  sea  of  red  and  black,  and  the  spires  and 
pyramids  of  flame  shooting  into  the  heavens — was  its  consUint  and 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  173 

terrible  roar,  drowning  even  the  voices  of  tlie  shrieking  multitude; 
and  ever  and  anon — tor  a  while  as  often  as  every  half-minute — 
resounded  far  and  wide  the  ruj)id  detonations  of  explosions,  or  full- 
ing walls.  In  short,  all  sights  and  sounds  which  terrify  the  weak 
and  unnerve  the  stronj;  abounded.  But  they  were  only  the  accom- 
paniment which  the  orchestra  of  nature  were  furnishing  to  the 
terrible  tragedy  there  being  enacted. 

The  total  area  burned  over,  including  streets,  was  three  and  a 
third  square  miles.  The  number  of  buildings  destroyed  was 
17,450;  persons  rendered  homeless,  98,500;  persons  killed,  about 
200.  Not  including  depreciation  of  real  estate,  or  loss  of  business, 
it  is  estimated  that  the  total  loss  occasioned  by  the  fire  was 
$190,000,000,  of  which  but  $44,000,000  was  recovered  on  insur- 
ance. The  business  of  the  city  was  interrupted  but  a  short  time; 
and  in  a  year  after  the  fire  a  large  part  of  the  burned  district  was 
rebuilt,  and  at  present  there  is  scarcely  a  trace  of  the  terrible  dis- 
aster, save  in  the  improved  character  of  the  new  buildings  over 
those  destroyed,  and  the  general  better  appearance  of  the  city — 
now  the  finest,  in  an  architectural  sense,  in  the  world. 

One  of  the  features  of  this  great  city  worthy  of  mention  is  the 
Exposition,  held  annually.  The  smouldering  ruins  were  yet  smok- 
ing when  the  Exposition  Building  was  erected,  only  ninety  days 
being  consumed  in  its  construction.  The  accompanying  engrav- 
ing ot  the  building,  the  main  part  of  which  is  1,000  feet  long, 
will  give  an  idea  of  its  magnitude. 

COMMERCE   OF    CHICAGO. 

The  trade  of  Chicago  is  co-extensive  with  the  world.  Every- 
where, in  every  country  and  in  every  port,  the  trade-marks  of  her 
merchants  are  seen.  Everywhere,  Chicago  stands  prominently 
identified  with  the  commerce  of  the  continent.  A  few  years  ago, 
grain  was  carted  to  the  place  in  wagons;  now  more  than  10,000 
miles  of  railroad,  with  thousands  of  trains  heavily  ladened  with  the 
products  of  the  land  center  there.  The  cash  value  of  the  produce 
handled  during  the  year  18Y8  was  $220,000,000,  and  its  aggregate 
weight  was  7,000,000  tons,  or  would  make  700,000  car  loads. 
Divided  into  trains,  it  would  make  28,000  long,  heavily  ladened 
freight  trains,  wending  their  way  from  all  parts  of  the  United  States 
toward  our  great  metropolis.     These  trains,  arranged  in  one  con- 


174  IIISTuKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

linnoiis  line,  woulil  stretcli  rroiii  Lotidoii  across  the  broml  Atlantic 
to  Now  York  ami  on  across  our  continent  to  Sun  Francisct*. 

In  regard  to  tl»e  j^rain,  lumber  and  stock  trade,  Ciuca«;o  has  sur- 
jKissed  all  rivals,  and,  indeed,  not  imiIv  is  without  a  peer  but  excels 
anv  throe  or  tour  cities  in  the  world  in  these  branchof*.  (Jf  "rain, 
the  vast  (juantity  of  1;]4,851,1J';1  bushels  wais  receivetl  durinj^  the 
year  Ih7S.  This  was  al)out  iwo-litths  more  than  ever  received 
betbre  in  one  year,  li  took  115,000  long  t'lvight  trains  to  carry  it 
from  the  fields  of  the  Northwest  to  Chicajfo.  Tiiis  would  make  a 
continuous  train  that  wtiuld  r»*ach  across  the  continent  from  New 
York  to  San  Francisco.  S|»oalsin<;  more  in  tjotail,  we  have  of  the 
various  ccre;ils  receiveil  during  ti»e  year,  02,7S8,577  busholft  of  corn, 
20,lK)I.22O  bushels  of  wheat.  1S.2.'>1,.'>2!>  bushels  of  oat*.,  133,981.104 
|>ounds  of  seed.  The  lapt  item  alone  would  fill  about  7,000  frei<i;ht 
cars. 

The  lumlier  receive<l  during  theyear  1K78  was,  1.17l,3«»4,O00  feet, 
exceeded  onlv  in  1R72,  the  vear  after  the  givat  lire.  This  vast 
amount  of  luml>er  woidd  require  1S>5,(M0  freight  cars  to  transport 
it.  It  would  build  a  fence.  f.»ur  boards  high,  four  and  one  half 
times  around  the  gloln*. 

In  the  stock  trade  for  tlifi  year  1878,  the  figures  a^gumc  pro|)or- 
tions  almost  incredible.  They  are.  however,  from  reliable  and 
trustworthy  sources,  and  must  be  acccptetl  as  authentic.  There 
were  received  during  the  year,  ti,:j3I»,Go»I  hogs,  being  2,lM»0,ooO  more 
than  ever  i-cceivetl  before  in  one  ywir.  It  re<juirod  12{),til0  stock 
cjirs  to  trans|>ort  this  vast  number  of  hi»gs  from  the  farms  of  tfie 
West  and  Northwest  to  the  stock  yards  of  Chicago.  These  hogs 
arranged  in  single  file,  would  form  a  connecting  link  between 
Chicago  and  IVkin,  China. 

Of  the  large  numl)er  of  hogs  received,  five  millions  of  them  were 
slaughtered  in  Chicago.  The  aggregate  amount  of  product  manu- 
fju'tured  from  these  hogs  was  0lS,O00,OO0  |H>unds.  The  cjipacity  of 
the  lioases  engairod  in  slaughtering  operations  in  Chicago  is  C0.0(Xi 
hogs  daily.  The  numlKT  of  hands  employe<l  in  these  houses  is 
from  6,000  to  8.000.  The  numl)er  of  packages  re(iuirc<l  in  which 
to  market  the  year's  product  is  enormously  large,  aggregating  5oo,- 
000  barrels,  800,000  tierces  and  650,000  bo.xee. 

There  has  been  within  the  stock  yards  of  tlio  city,  during  the 
year  1S7^,  1,036,006  cattle.     These  were  gathered  from  the  plains 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  175 

of  Oregon,  Wyoming  and  Utah,  and  the  grazing  regions  of  Texas, 
as  well  as  from  all  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  States 
and  Territories  and  from  the  East  as  far  as  Ohio.  If  these  cattle 
were  driven  from  Chicago  southward,  in  single  file,  through  the 
United  States,  Mexico,  and  the  Central  American  States  into  South 
America,  the  foremost  could  graze  on  the  plains  of  Brazil,  ere  the 
last  one  liad  passed  the  limits  of  the  great  city. 

Not  only  does  Chicago  attract  to  its  great  market  the  products  of 
a  continent,  but  from  it  is  distributed  throughout  the  world  manu- 
factured goods.  Every  vessel  and  every  train  headed  toward  that 
city  are  heavily  ladened  with  the  crude  products  of  the  form,  of  the 
forests,  or  of  the  bowels  .of  the  earth,  and  every  ship  that  leaves  her 
docks  and  every  train  that  flies  from  her  limits  are  filled  with 
manufactured  articles.  These  goods  not  only  find  their  way  all 
over  our  own  country  but  into  Europe,  Asia,  Australia,  Africa, 
South  America,  Mexico,  and  the  Islands  of  the  sea;  indeed,  every 
nook  and  corner  of  the  globe,  where  there  is  a  demand  for  her 
goods,  her  merchants  are  ready  to  supply. 

The  wholesale  trade  for  the  year  1878  reached  enormous  figures, 
aoro-rejratinir  $280,000,000.  Divided  among  the  leading  lines,  we 
find  there  were  sold  of  dry  goods,  S95,000,000  worth.  The  trade  in 
groceries  amounted  to  $06,000,000;  hardware,  $20,000,000;  Ijoots 
and  shoes,  $24,000,000;  clothing,  $17,000,000;  carpets,  $8,000,000; 
millinery,  87,000,000;  hats  and  caps,  $6,000,000;  leather,  $8,000,- 
000;  drugs,  $6,000,000;  jewelry,  $4,500,000;  musical  instruments, 
$2,300,000.  Chicago  sold  over  $5,000,000  worth  of  fruit  during 
the  year,  and  for  the  same  time  her  fish  trade  amounted  to  $1,400,- 
000,  and  her  oyster  trade  $4,500,000.  The  candy  and  other  con- 
fectionery trade  amounted  to  $1,534,900.  This  would  fill  all  the 
Christmas  stockings  in  the  United  States. 

In  1852,  the  commerce  of  the  city  reached  the  hopeful  sum  of 
$20,000,000;  since  then,  the  annual  sales  of  one  firm  amount  to 
that  much.  In  1870,  it  reached  $400,000,000,  and  in  1878  it  had 
grown  so  rapidly  that  the  trade  of  the  city  amounted  during  that 
year  to  $650,000,000.  Her  manufacturing  interests  have  likewise 
grown.  In  1878,  her  manufictories  employed  in  the  neighborhood 
of  75,000  operators.  The  products  manufactured  during  the  year 
were  valued  at  $:i30,000,000.  In  reviewing  the  shi|>ping  interests  of 
Chicago,  we  find  it  equally  enormous.    So  considerable,  indeed,  is  the 


176  HI6T0RT    OF    ILLINOIS. 

commercial  navj  of  Cliiai^o,  that  in  the  seasons  of  navigation,  one 
vessel  sails  every  nine  minutes  during  the  business  hour^;  atUl  to 
this  the  canal -boats  that  leave,  one  every  live  minutes  during  the 
same  time,  and  yuu  will  see  somothing  of  the  magnitude  of  her 
shipping.  More  vessels  arrive  and  depart  from  this  port  during  the 
season  than  enter  or  leave  any  other  port  in  the  world. 

In  1S3I,  the  mail  system  was  condensed  into  a  half-breed,  who 
went  on  foot  to  NilfS,  Mich.,  once  in  two  weeks,  and  brought  back 
what  papers  and  news  he  could  lind.  As  hito  is  1840,  there  was 
often  but  one  mail  a  week.  A  post-office  was  established  in 
Chicago  in  1833,  and  the  j)08tma5ter  nailed  up  old  botit  loirs  upon 
one  side  of  his  shop  to  serve  as  bo.xes.  -It  has  since  grown  to  be 
the  larirest  receiving;  office  in  the  United  States. 

III  1844,  the  (piagmiros  in  the  streets  were  first  pontooned  by 
plank  roads.  The  wooden-block  ]>avement  appeare<l  in  185".  In 
1840,  water  wad  delivered  by  jKjddlers,  in  carts  or  by  hand.  Tiieii 
a  twenty-tive  horse  {nnver  engine  pushed  it  through  hollow  or  bored 
logs  along  the  streets  till  1^54,  when  it  wjis  introduced  into  the 
houses  by  new  works.  The  tirst  tire-engine  was  used  in  ls35,  and 
the  tirst  steam  lire-engine  in  1851).  Gas  was  utilized  for  lighting 
the  city  in  1850.  The  Voung  Men's  Christian  Association  was 
organized  in  1858.  Street  cjirs  commenced  running  in  lsr>4.  The 
Museum  was  oj>ened  in  1863.  The  alarm  telegniph  adopted  in 
1864.  The  opera-house  built  in  1865.  The  telephone  introduced 
in  1878. 

One  of  the  most  thorcmghly  interesting  engineering  exploits  of 
the  city  is  the  tunnels  and  water-works  system,  the  grandest  and 
most  unicpie  of  any  in  the  world;  and  the  closest  analysis  fails  to 
detect  any  iini>uritics  in  the  water  furnished.  The  tirst  tunnel  is 
five  feet  two  inches  in  diameter  and  two  miles  long,  and  ciin  deliver 
50,OUO,00U  gallons  per  day.  The  seojiid  tunnel  is  seven  feet  in 
diameter  and  six  miles  long,  running  four  miles  under  the  city,  and 
can  deliver  100,000,000  gallons  per  day.  This  water  is  distributed 
throuirh  410  miles  of  water  mains. 

Chicago  river  is  tunneled  for  the  j)a.ssage  of  pedestrians  and  vehi- 
cles from  the  South  to  the  AVest  and  North  divisions. 

There  is  no  grand  scenery  about  Chicago  except  the  two  seas,  one 
of  water,  the  other  of  prairie.  Nevertheless,  there  is  a  spirit  about 
it,  a  push,  a  breadth,  a  power,  that  soon  makes  it  a  place  never  to 


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IIISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  177 

be  forsaken.  Chicago  is  in  the  field  ahnost  alone,  to  handle  the 
wealth  of  one-fourth  of  the  territory  of  this  great  republic.  Tlie 
Atlantic  sea-coast  divides  its  margins  between  Portland,  Boston, 
New  York,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore  and  Savannah,  but  Chicago  has 
a  dozen  empires  casting  their  treasures  into  her  lap.  On  a  bed  of 
coal  that  can  run  all  the  machinery  of  the  world  for  500  centuries; 
in  a  carden  that  can  feed  the  race  by  the  thousand  years;  at  the 
head  of  the  lakes  that  give  her  a  temperature  as  a  summer  resort 
equaled  by  no  great  city  in  the  land;  with  a  climate  that  insures 
the  health  of  her  citizens;  surrounded  by  all  the  great  deposits  of 
natural  wealth  in  mines  and  forests  and  herds,  Chicago  is  the 
wonder  of  to-day,  and  will  be  the  city  of  the  future. 


STATES  OF  THE  UNION. 

THEIR  SETTLEMENT,  ORIGIN  OF  NAME  AND  MEANING,  COGNOMEN,  MOT- 
TOES, ADMISSION  INTO  THE  UNION,  POPULATION,  AREA,  NUMBER  OF 
SOLDIERS  FURNISHED  DURING  THE  REBELLION,  NUMBER  OF  REPRE- 
SENTATIVES IN  CONGRESS,  PRESENT  GOVERNORS,  P:TC.,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Alahama. — This  State  was  first  explored  by  LaSalle  in  1GS4-,  and 
settled  by  the  Frencli  at  Mobile  in  1711,  and  admitted  as  a  State  in 
1817.  Its  name  is  Indian,  and  means  "  Here  we  rest."  lias  no 
motto.  Population  in  1860,904,201;  in  1870,996,992.  Furnished 
2,570  soldiers  for  the  Union  army.  Area  50,722  square  miles. 
Montgomery  is  the  capital.  Has  8  Representatives  and  10  Presi- 
dential electors.  Rufus  W.  Cobb  is  Governor;  salary,  $3,000; 
politics.  Democratic.     Length  of  term,  2  years. 

Arkansas — Became  a  State  in  1836.  Population  in  ISOO,  435,- 
450;  in  1870,484,471.  Area  52,198  square  miles.  Little  Rock, 
•capital.  Its  motto  is  Regnant  Populi — "The  people  rule."  It  has 
the  Indian  name  of  its  principal  river.  Is  called  the  "Bear  State." 
Furnished  8,289  soldiers.  She  is  entitled  to  4  members  in  Congress^ 
and  0  electoral  votes.  Governor,  "W".  R.  Miller,  Democrat;  salary, 
$3,500;  term,  2  years. 

California — Has  a  Greek  motto.  Eureka^  which  means  "  I  have 
found  it,"  It  derived  its  name  from  the  bay  forming  the  peninsula 
of  Lower  California,  and  was  first  applied  by  Cortez.  It  was  first 
visited  by  the  Spaniards   in   1542.  and  by  tlie  celebrated  EngUsh 


178  IlISTOHY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

navigator,  Sir  Francis  Drake,  in  1578.  In  1846  Fremont  took 
possession  of  it,  defeating  tlje  Mexicans,  in  the  name  of  tlie  United 
States,  and  it  was  admitted  Oij  a  State  in  1850.  Its  gold  mines 
from  1 808  to  1878  produced  over  ^800,000,000.  Area  188,082  s(piare 
miles.  PopniatioM  in  ISfJO,  370,094.  In  I S70,  500,247.  She  gave 
to  defend  the  Union  15,225  soldiers.  Sacramento  is  the  caj)ital. 
Has  4  Ilepresentatives  in  Congress.  Is  entitled  to  6  Presidential 
electors.  Present  Governor  is  William  Irwin,  a  Democrat;  term, 
4  years;  salary,  $0,000. 

Colorado — Contains  100.475  6(juare  miles,  and  luni  a  j>o])ulation 
in  1800  of  34,277,  and  in  ls70,  a0,s04.  She  fnrni^hed  4,0()3 
soMiers.  Was  admitted  as  a  State  in  1870.  It  has  a  Latin  motto. 
Nil  sine  Xuiiiine,\9\\\(i\\  means,  "Notliingcan  be  done  without 
divine  aid."  It  was  named  from  its  river.  Denver  is  the  capital. 
Has  1  inemher  in  Congress,  and  3  electors.  T.  W.  Pitkin  is  Gov- 
ernor; salary,  !j;3,000;  term,  2  years;  politicp,  lieptiblican. 

Connecticut — Qui  transtulit  unstind,  "  lie  who  broiii^dit  us  over 
sustains  us,"  is  lier  motto.  It  was  named  from  tiie  Imlian  Quon- 
cJj-ta-Cut,  signifying  "Long  River."  It  is  calletl  the  *'Nutmeg 
State."  Area  4,074  square  miles.  Popnlati..n  1860,400,147;  in 
1870,  537.454.  Gave  to  the  Union  army  55,755  soldiers.  Hart- 
ford is  the  cai»ital.  Has  4  lieprcsentatives  in  Congress,  and  is 
entitled  to  0  Presidential  electors.  Salary  of  Governor  $2,000; 
term,  2  y.  ars. 

DtUiioari'. — *'  Liberty  and  Indej>endence,"  is  the  motto  of  this 
Stiile.  It  was  named  after  Lord  De  La  Ware,  an  English  states- 
man, and  is  called,  ''The  Blue  Hen,"  and  the  '*  Diamond  State."  It 
was  first  settled  by  the  Sweiles  in  1638.  It  was  one  of  the  original 
thirteen  States.  Has  an  area  of  2,120  square  miles.  Population  in 
1800,  112,210;  in  1870,  125,015.  She  sent  to  the  front  to  defend 
the  Union,  12,205  soldiers.  Dover  is  thecapital.  Has  but  1  mrm- 
ber  in  Congress;  entitled  to  3  Presidential  electors.  John  W. 
Hall,  Democrat,  is  Governor;  salary,  $2,(iOO;  term,  2  years. 

Florida — Was  dif.covered  by  Ponce  de  Le<^»n  in  1512,  on  Easter 
Sunday,  called  by  the  Spaniards,  Pascua  Florida,  which,  with  tlie 
varietv  and  beatitv  of  the  flowers  at  this  earlv  sea.son  caused  him  to 
name  it  Florida — which  means  in  Spanish,  flowery.  Its  motto  is, 
"  In  God  we  trust."  It  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1S45.  It  has 
an  area  of  59,268  square  miles.      Population  in  1860,  140.424;   in 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  179 

1870,  187,756.  Its  capital  is  Tallahassee.  Has  2  members  in  Con- 
gress, lias  4  Presidential  electors.  Geori,'e  F.  Drew,  Democrat, 
Governor;    term,  4  years;  salary,  $3,500. 

Georgia — Owes  its  name  to  George  II.,  of  England,  who  first 
established  a  colony  there  in  1732.  Its  motto  is,  "  Wisdom,  justice 
and  moderation."  It  was  one  of  the  original  States.  PopiUation 
in  ISr.O,  1,057,280;  1870,  1,184,109.  Capital,  Atlanta.  Area  58,- 
OuO  square  miles.  Has  9  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  11 
Presidential  electors.  Her  Governor  is  A.  II.  Colquitt,  Democrat; 
term,  4  years;  salary,  $4,000. 

Illinois — Motto,  "State  Sovereignty,  National  Union."  ISTame 
derived  from  the  Indian  word,  Illiniy  meaning,  superior  men.  It 
is  called  the  "Prairie  State,"  and  its  inhabitants,  "Suckers." 
Was  lirst  explored  by  the  French  in  1673,  and  admitted  into  the 
Union  in  1818.  Area  55.410  square  miles.  Population,  in  1860^ 
1,711,951;  in  1870,  2,539,871.  She  sent  to  the  front  to  defend  the 
Union,  258,162  soldiers.  Capital,  Springfield  Has  19  members  in 
Congress,  and  21  Presidential  electors.  Shelby  M.  CuUom,  Repub. 
lican,  is  Governor;  elected  for  4  years;  salary,  $6,000, 

Indiana — Is  called  "  Hoosier  State."  Was  explored  in  1682, 
and  admitted  as  a  State  in  1816.  Its  name  was  suggested  by  its 
numerous  Indian  population.  Area  33,809  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation in  I860,  1,, 350,428;  in  1870,  1,680,637.  She  put  into  the 
Federal  army,  194,363  men.  Cai)ital,  Indianapolis.  Has  13  mem- 
bers in  Congress,  and  15  Presidential  electors.  J.  D.  Williams, 
Governor,  Democrat;  salary,  $3,000;  term,  4  year. 

loioa — Is  an  Indian  name  and  means  "This  is  the  land."  Its 
motto  is,  '*Our  liberties  we  prize,  our  rights  we  will  maintain." 
It  is  called  the  "  Hawk  Eye  State."  It  was  first  visited  by 
Marquette  and  Joliet  in  1673;  settled  by  !New  Englanders  in 
1833,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1846.  Des  Moines  is  the 
capital.  It  has  an  area  of  55,045,  and  a  population  in  1860  of  674,913, 
and  in  1870  of  1,191,802.  She  sent  to  defend  the  Government, 
75,793  soldiers.  Has  9  members  in  Congress;  11  Presidential 
electors.  John  H.  Gear,  Republican,  is  Governor;  salary,  $2,500; 
term,  2years. 

Kansas — Was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1861,  making  tlie 
thirty-fourth  State.  Its  motto  is  Ad  astra  per  ai>pera^  "  To  the 
stars  through  ditticulties."     Its  name  means,  "  Smoky  water,"  and 


ISO  illSTOKV    Ol     ILLl.NDl:?. 

is  derived  from  one  of  ht-r  river*.  Area  78,841  square  miles. 
Population  in  18G0,  1«»7,20:»;  in  1870  \v:is  3«»2.812.  She  fiirni^ljed 
20,095  soldiers.  Capital  is  Toj)eka.  lias  3  llepresentatives  in  Con- 
gress, and  5  Presidential  electors.  John  P.  8t.  John,  Governor; 
politics,  lit'publican;  salary, '$3,0U0;  term,  2  years. 

Kentucky — Is  the  Indian  name  for  ''At  the  he:id  of  the  rivers." 
Its  motto  is,  '•  L'nited  we  stand,  divided  wo  fall."  The  6obri<|net 
of  "dark  and  bloody  <;r«>und  "  is  ajtplied  to  this  State.  It  was  lir.st 
settled  in  17«»(>,  and  admitted  in  1792  as  the  lifteenth  State.  Ana 
37,<I80.  Population  in  ISOO,  1,155,GS4;  in  1870,  1,321,0(m».  She 
put  into  the  Federal  army  75,*2^5  soldiers.  Capital,  Frankfort. 
Has  10  members  in  Con«^res6 ;  12  Electors.  J.  P.  McCreary, 
Democrat,  is  Governor;  Milary,$j,O0(»;  tern),  4  years. 

LifuUiaiia — Was  culled  after  Jx>uis  XIV.,  who  at  one  time 
owned  that  section  of  the  country.  Its  motto  is  "Union  and  Con- 
fidence." It  is  called ''The  Creole  Stat r."  It  was  visited  by  La 
Salle  in  1081,  and  admitted  into  the  I'niou  in  1812,  makin<r  the 
eighteenth  Slate.  Population  in  1 800,  708.002;  in  1870,  73'2,731. 
Area  40,431  scjuaro  miles.  She  put  into  the  Fe^loral  army  5,224 
soldiers.  Capital,  New  Orleans.  Has  (»  Uepresentsitives  and  8 
Klectors.  F.  T  Viohols,  Governor,  •Democnit;  salary,  $b,000; 
t**rm.  4  years. 

M'tine. — This  Slate  was  called  after  the  province  of  Maine  in 
France,  in  compliment  of  Queen  Henrietta  of  Knt^land,  who  owned 
that  province.  Its  motto  is  JJlri'jo,  meaning  "  I  direct."  It  is 
called  "The  Pine  Tree  State."  It  was  settletl  by  the  English  in 
1G25.  It  was  admittetl  as  a  State  in  1820.  Area  31,700  sf|uare 
miles.  Population  in  1800,  028,279;  in  ls70,  020,403;  09,738  sol- 
diers v.'ent  tVom  tliis  State.  Has  5  mcmlxTS  in  Congress,  and  7 
Electors.  Selden  Conner,  Ilcpublican,  (iovernor;  term,  1  year; 
tiulary.  $2,50(->. 

Mun/land — Was  named  afler  Henrietta  Maria,  Queen  of 
Charles  I.  of  England.  It  has  a  Latin  motto,  CrecUeet  inuUiplica- 
»«/«/,  ;neaning  "  Increase  and  Multiply."  It  was  settled  in  1034, 
and  was  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  1 1,- 
124  6t|uare  miles.  Population  in  1800  was  087.049;  in  1870,  780,- 
800.  This  State  furnished  40,053  soldiers.  Capital.  Anna|K>li8. 
Has  0  Representatives,  and  8  Presidential  electors.  J.  II.  Carroll, 
Democrat,  Governor;  salary,  $4,500;  terra,  4  years. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  ISl 

Massachusetts — Is  the  Indian  for  "  The  country  around  the  great 
hills."  It  is  called  the  "  Bay  State,"  from  its  numerous  bays.  Its 
motto  is  Ense petit  i)lacidaiii  sah  Uhertate  quietem^  "  By  the  sword 
she  seeks  placid  rest  in  liberty."  It  was  settled  in  1020  at  Plymouth 
by  Eui^lish  Puritans.  It  was  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States, 
and  was  the  first  to  take  up  arras  against  the  English  during  the 
Revolution.-  Area  7,800  square  miles.  Population  in  1800,  1,231,- 
000:  in  1870,  1,457,351.  She  gave  to  the  Union  army  140,407  sol- 
diers. Boston  is  the  capital.  Has  11  Representatives  in  Con- 
gress, and  13  Presidential  electors.  Thomas  Talbot,  Republican,  is 
Governor;  salar}',  $5,000;  term,  1  year. 

Michigan — Latin  motto,  Luebor,  and  Si  q^ioeris  'peninsulaiu 
ainoBnam  circumsjnce,  ^'- 1  will  defend" — "  If  you  seek  a  pleasant 
peninsula,  look  around  3'ou."  The  name  is  a  contraction  of  two 
Indian  words  n.eaning  "Great  Lake."  It  was  early  explored  by 
Jesuit  missionaries,  and  in  1837  was  admitted  into  the  Union.  It 
is  known  as  the  "  Wolverine  State."  It  contains  50,243  square 
miles.  In  1800  it  had  a  population  of  749,173;  in  1870, 1,184,059. 
She  furnished  88,111  soldiers.  Capital,  Lansing.  Has  9  Repre- 
sentatives and  11  Presidential  electors.  C.  M.  Croswell  is  Gov- 
ernor; politics.  Republican;  salary,  $1,000;  term,  2  years. 

Minnesota — Is  an  Indian  name,  meaning  ''  Cloudy  Water."  It 
has  a  French  motto,  VEtoile  du  Nord — "  The  Star  of  the  North." 
It  was  visited  in  1680  by  La  Salle,  settled  in  1840,  and  admitted 
into  the  Union  in  1858.  It  contains  83,531  square  miles.  In  1800 
had  a  population  of  172,023;  in  1870,  439,511.  She  gave  to  the 
Union  army  24-,002  soldiers.  St.  Paul  is  the  capital.  Has  3  mem- 
bers in  Congress,  5  Presidential  electors.  Governor,  J.  S.  Pills- 
bury,  Republican;  salary,  $3,000;  term,  2  years; 

Mississippi — Is  an  Indian  name,  meaning  "Long River,"  and  the 
State  is  named  from  the  "  Father  of  Waters."  The  State  was  first 
explored  by  De  Sota  in  1541;  settled  by  the  French  at  Natchez  in 
1710,  and  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1817.  It  has  an  area  of 
47,150  square  miles.  Population  in  1800,  791,305;  in  1870,827,- 
922.  She  gave  to  suppress  the  Rebellion  545  soldiers.  Jackson  is 
the  capital.  Has  6  representatives  in  Congress,  and  8  Presidential 
electors.  J.  M.  Stone  is  Governor,  Democrat;  salary,  $4,000; 
term,  4  years. 

Missouri — Is  derived  from  the  Indian  word  "  muddy,"  which 


182  HI&TORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

inuro  properly  applies  to  the  river  that  Hows  through  it.  Its  motto 
is  Sdlus  pnjtnli  supreuia  lex  esto,  "Lot  tho  welfare  of  the  people 
be  the  supreme  law."  Tiie  State  was  tirst  settled  by  tho  French 
near  Jctiersou  City  in  1710,  aiiJ  in  ISill  was  aiimittcJ  into  the 
Union.  It  has  an  area  of  C7,3SO  square  miles,  equal  to  43,123.2<)0 
acres.  It  hail  a  population  in  ISGO  of  1,1^2.012;  in  1870,  1,721,- 
000.  She  gave  to  defeml  the  ITnion  108, 1152  boldierti.  Capital, 
Jefferson  City.  Its  inhabitants  are  knowr.  by  the  offensive  eogno- 
man  of  •' Pukes."  His  \'.i  representatives  in  Congress,  and  15 
Presidential  elect»»rs.  J.  S.  Phelps  is  Governor;  politics,  Demo- 
cratic; salary,  $."),( lOO;  term,  4  years, 

iV\ir(/.s/'/-  Has  f  r  its  motto,  "  Ecjuality  before  the  law.''  It.H 
name  is  derived  from  ono  of  its  rivurs,  meaning  "  broad  and  slial- 
low,  or  low."  It  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  ISCT.  Its  capital 
is  Lincoln.  It  had  a  population  in  ISGO  of  28,841,  and  in  ISTO, 
123,993,  and  in  ISTo,  24 '.,280.  It  has  an  area  of  75,995  square 
miles.  She  furiiished  to  defend  the  Union  3,157  soldiers.  Has  but 
1  Ileprcsentative  and  3  Presidential  electors.  A.  Nance,  llcpub- 
liciin,  is  Governor;  6idary,  $2,500;  term,  2  years. 

Neviula — ''The  Snowy  LamT*  derived  its  name  from  the  Span- 
ish. Its  motto  is  Latin,  VoLna  ct  jtotins,  and  means '*  willing 
and  able."  It  was  settled  in  1850,  and  admitted  into  tho  Union  in 
lbr.4.  Capital,  Cars«»n  City.  Its  population  in  l^CO  was  C,'*57; 
in  1870  it  was  42,491.  It  has  an  areji  of  112,090  square  miles. 
She  furnished  1,(K0  soldiers  to  suppress  the  Rebellion.  Has  1  Rep- 
resentiitivo  ami  3  Klectore.  Governor,.!.  H.  Kinkhead,  Repnldican; 
Balaiy,  $G,00«>;  term,  4  years. 

iVtfW  Uitnjtshirc — Was  first  settled  at  Dover  by  tho  English  in 
1023.  "Was  ono  of  the  ori^riual  States.  Has  no  motto.  It  is 
name*]  from  Ham[)sljiro  county  in  England.  It  also  bears  tho 
name  of  "Tho  Old  Granito  State."  It  hasaji  area  of  9,280  miles, 
which  equals  9,239,20(> acres.  It  had  a  jx.pulation  in  18G0  of  32G,- 
073,  and  in  1870  of  318,300.  Sho  increased  tho  Union  army  witli 
33.913  soldiers.  Concord  is  the  capital.  Has  3  Representatives 
and  5  Presidential  electors.  N.  ]I«ail.  Republican,  Governor; 
salary,  $l,00ri;  term,  1  year. 

Xew  Jersey — Was  name«i  in  honor  of  the  Island  of  Jersey  in  the 
British  channel.  Its  m<ttto  is"  Liberty  and  Independence."  It  was 
first  settled  at  Beriren  by  the  Swedes  in  1G24.     It  is  one  of  the  orig- 


HISTORY  OF   ILLINOIS.  IS^S 

inal  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  8,320  square  miles,  or  5,324,- 
800  acres.  Population  in  1860  was  672,035;  in  1870  it  was  906,096. 
She  put  into  the  Federal  army  75,315  soldiers.  Capital,  Trenton. 
Has  7  Representatives  and  9  Presidential  electors.  Governor, 
George  B.  McClelland,  Democrat;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  3  years. 

New  York. — The  "  Empire  State  "  was  named  by  the  Duke  of 
York,  afterward  King  James  II.  of  England.  It  has  a  Latin  luutto, 
Excelsior,  which  means  "  Still  Ilio'her."  It  was  first  settled  bv  the 
Dutch  in  1G14  at  Manhattan.  It  has  an  area  of  47,000  square 
miles  or  30,080,000  acres.  The  population  in  1860  was  3,880,735; 
in  1870  it  was  4,332,759.  It  is  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States. 
Capital  is  Albany.  It  gave  to  defend  our  Government  445,959 
men.  lias  33  members  in  Congress,  and  35  Presielential  electors. 
Governor,  L.  Robinson,  Democrat;  salary,  $10,000;  term,  3  years. 

North  Carolina — Was  named  after  Charles  IX.,  King  of  France. 
It  is  called  "  The  Old  North,"  or  "  The  Turpentine  State."  It  was 
first  visited  in  1524  by  a  Florentine  navigator,  sent  out  by  Francis 
I..  King  of  France.  It  was  settled  at  Albemarle  in  1663.  It  was 
one  of  the  original  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  50.704  sqnare 
miles,  equal  to  32,450,560  acres.  It  had  in  1860  a  population  of 
992,622,  and  in  1870,  1,071,361.  Raleigh  is  the  capital.  She 
furnished  3,156  soldiers  to  put  down  the  Rebellion.  Has  8  mem- 
bers in  Congress,  and  is  entitled  to  10  Presidential  electors.  Z.  B. 
Yance,  Democrat,  is  Governor;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  4  years. 

OJiio — Tuuk  its  name  from  the  river  on  its  Southern  boundary, 
and  means  "  Beautiful."  Its  motto  is  Imperium  in  Iinperio — ■ 
■•An  Empire  in  an  Empire."  It  was  first  parmanently  settled  in 
1783  at  Marietta  by  New  Englanders.  It  was  admitted  as  a  State 
in  1803.  Its  capital  is  Columbus.  It  contains  39,964  square 
miles,  or  25,576,960  acres.  Population  in  1860,2,339,511;  in  1870 
it  had  2.665,260.  She  sent  to  the  front  during  the  Rebellion  310,- 
654  soldiers.  Has  20  Representatives,  and  22  Presidential  electors. 
Governor,  R.  M.  Bishop,  Democrat;  salary,  $4,000;  term,  2  years. 

Oregon — Owes  its  Indian  natne  to  its  principal  river.  Its  motto 
is  Alis  volat  jpropriis — "She  flies  with  her  own  wings."  It  was 
first  visited  by  the  Spaniards  in  the  sixteenth  century.  It  was  set- 
tled by  the  English  in  1813,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1859, 
Its  capital  is  Salem.  It  lias  an  area  of  95,274  square  miles,  equal 
to  60,975,360  acres.     It  had  in   1860  a  population  of  52,465;  in 


184  lIIsTOKV    fF    ILLINOIS. 

1870.  OU,'.>li±  She  liirnislied  1,810  ^uldiers.  She  is  entitled  to  1 
metiibor  in  Congress,  aiid  3  PresiUcntiiil  electors.  W.  W.  Thayer, 
Republican,  is  Governor;  salary,  $1,500;   terjn,  4  years. 

Pcnnsijlvania. — This  is  the  "Keystone  St^ito,"  and  means  "Penn's 
Woods,"  and  was  so  called  after  William  Penn,  its  original  owner. 
Its  motto  is,  *' Virtue,  liberty  and  indejtendence."  A  colony  was 
established  bv  Penn  in  1<>2.  The  State  was  one  of  the  ori<Mnal 
thirteen.  It  has  an  area  of  40,000  stjuare  miles,  equaling  20,440,- 
OOO  acres.  It  had  in  ISOO  a  population  of  2,000.215;  and  in  ISTo, 
3,515,993.  She  gave  to  supjiress  the  Rebellion,  33s. 155.  Harris- 
burg  is  the  capital.  Has  27  Rojire.scntatives  and  29  electors.  II. 
M.  Iloyt,  is  Governor;  sahiry,  $10,000;  politics,  Rt-publican;  term 
of  office,  3  years. 

li/iodc  Islitiol. — Tiiis,  the  smallest  of  the  States,  owes  its  name  to 
the  Island  of  Rhodes  in  the  Mediterranean,  which  domain  it  is  said 
to  greatly  resemble.  Its  motto  is  '•  1 1  opt,"  and  it  is  familiarly 
called,  "Little  Khody."  It  was  settled  by  Pu)gvr  Williams  in  103G. 
It  was  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  1.300 
square  miles,  or  *>3.').^I0  acres.  Its  population  in  18«50  numbered 
174.020;  in  1S70,  217,350.  She  gave  to  defend  the  Union,  23,248. 
Its  capitjd^are  Prt»videnee  and  Newjwjrt.  Has  2  Representatives, 
and  4  Presidential  electors.  C.  V'anzaudt  is  Governor;  politics, 
Re|»ublican;  salary,  $1,00(»;  term,  1  year. 

South  Ctiioliwt. — The  Palmetto  State  wears  the  Latin  name  of 
Charles  IX.,  of  France  (('arolus).  Its  motto  is  Latin,  Anhnu 
opih usque  jxirttti^  "  Iiea«ly  in  will  and  deed."  The  first  permanent 
settlement  was  made  at  Port  Roval  in  1C70,  wliere  the  French 
Huguenots  had  failed  three-quarters  of  a  ccntur}-  before  to  found  a 
settlement.  It  is  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States.  Its  capital  is 
Columbia.  It  has  an  area  of  29,385  square  miles,  or  1S,*'06,400 
acres,  with  a  population  in  1800  of  703,708;  in  ls70,  72s,O00. 
Has  5  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  is  entitled  to  7  Presidential 
electors.     Salary  of  Governor,  $3,500;  term,  2  years. 

Tennessee — Is  the  Indian  name  for  the  "  River  of  the  Bend,"  i.e, 
the  Mississippi,  which  forms  its  western  boundary.  She  is  called 
*'The  Rig  Pend  State.''  Her  motto  is,  "  Agriculture,  Commerce.'' 
It  wa.'^  settled  in  1757,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1790.  mak- 
ing the  si.xteenth  State,  or  the  third  admitted  after  the  Revolution- 
ary War — Vermont  being  the  first,  and  Kentucky  the  second.      It 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  185 

has  an  area  of  45,000  S(|iuire  miles,  or  29,184,000  acres.  In  1860 
its  population  numbered  1,100,801,  and  in  1870,  1,257,983  She 
furnished  31,092  soldiers  to  suppress  the  Kebellion.  Nashville  is 
the  capital.  Has  10  Representatives,  and  12  Presidential  electors. 
Governor,  A.  S.  Marks,  Democrat;  salary,  $1,000;  term,  2  years. 

Texas — Is  the  American  word  for  the  Mexican  name  by  which 
all  that  section  of  the  country  was  known  before  it  was  ceded  to  the 
United  States.  It  is  known  as  "  The  Lone  Star  State."  The  first  set- 
tlement was  made  by  LaSalle  in  1G85.  After  the  independence  of 
Mexico  in  1822,  it  remained  a  Mexican  Province  until  1836,  when 
it  fijained  its  independence,  and  in  1815  was  admitted  into  the 
Union.  It  has  an  area  of  237,501  square  miles,  equal  to  152,002,- 
5G0  acres.  Its  population  in  1800  was  601,215;  in  1870,  818,579. 
She  gave  to  put  down  the  Rebelion  1,905  soldiers.  Capital,  Austin. 
Has  6  Representatives,  and  8  Presidential  electors.  Governor,  O. 
M.  Roberts,  Democrat;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  2  years. 

Vermont — Bears  the  French  name  of  her  mountains  Verde  Mont, 
"Green  Mountains."  Its  motto  is  "Freedom  and  Unity."  It 
was  settled  in  1731,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1791.  Area 
10.212  square  miles.  Population  in  ISGO,  315,098;  in  1870,  330,551- 
She  gave  to  defend  the  Government,  33,272  soldiers.  Capital,  Mont- 
pelier.  Has  3  Representatives,  and  5  electors.  Governor,  H.  Fair- 
banks, Republican;  term,  2  years;  salary,  $1,000. 

Virginia. — The  Old  Dominion,  as  this  State  is  called,  is  the 
oldest  of  the  States.  It  was  named  in  honor  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
the  "Virgin  Queen,"  in  whose  reign  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  made  his 
first  attempt  to  colonize  that  region.  Its  motto  is  Sic  semper 
tfjrannis,  "  So  always  with  tyrants."  It  was  first  settled  at  James- 
town, in  1607,  by  the  English,  being  the  first  settlement  in  the 
United  States.  It  is  one  of  original  thirteen  States,  and  had  before 
its  division  in  1862,  61,352  square  miles,  but  at  present  contains 
but  38,352  square  miles,  equal  to  21,545,280  acres.  The  population 
in  1860  amounted  to  1,596,318,  and  in  1870  it  was  1,224,830.  Rich- 
mond is  the  capital.  Has  9  Representatives,  and  11  electors.  Gov- 
ernor, F.  W.  M.  Ilalliday,  Democrat;  salary,  $5,500;  term,  4  years. 

West  Virginia. — Motto,  Montani semper  liheri.,  "  Mountaineers 
are  always  free."  This  is  the  only  State  ever  formed,  under  the 
Constitution,  by  the  division  of  an  organized  State.  This  was  done 
in  1862,  and  in  1863  was  admitted  into  the  Union.     It  has  an  area  of 


186 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


23.000  square  miles,  or  14,720,000  acres.  The  population  in  1800 
was  376,000;  in  IS70  it  nunihereil  445,616.  She  furnislied  32,003. 
CapiUil,  Wheeling.  Has  3  Kopresentatives  in  (\)ngres8,  and  is 
entitled  to  5  Pivsidential  electors.  TlielTovernor  is  II.  M.  Mathews, 
Democrat;  term,  4  years;  salary,  $2,700. 

Wisconsin — Is  an  Indian  name,  and  means  "  Wild-rushinjr 
channel,"  Its  motto,  Clvitatas  succesait  barfxirum.  *'  The  civilized 
man  succeeds  the  barbarous."  It  is  calltHJ  "  The  Had^'cr  State." 
The  State  was  visited  by  the  French  explorers  in  1665,  and  a  settle- 
ment  was  made  in  1661)  at  Green  Bay.  It  was  admitted  into  the 
Union  in  1848.  It  has  an  area  of  52,1*24  Bquare  miles,  equal  to 
34,511,360  acres.  In  l!S60  its  |x>j)ulalion  numbered  775,881;  in 
1870,  1,055,167.  Madison  is  the  capital.  She  furnished  for  the 
Union  army  !»1.021  suMiers.  Has  8  mcmlxTS  in  Congress,  and  is 
entitled  to  lo  i'residential  electors.  The  (lovernor  is  W  E.  Smith; 
politics.  Republican;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  2  years. 


IIISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  1S7 

ILLINOIS    INSTITUTE    FOR    DEAF    AND    DUMB. 

The  first  class  of  unfortunates  to  attract  the  notice  of  tlie  legis- 
lature were  the  deaf  mutes.  The  act  establishing  the  institution  for 
the  education  of  these  unfortunates  Avas  approved  by  Gov.  Carlin, 
Feb.  23,  1S39,  the  asylum  to  be  located  at  Jacksonville.  The 
original  building,  afterward  called  the  south  wing,  was  begun  in 
1842,  and  completed  in  1S49,  at  a  cost  of  about  825,000.  A  small 
portion  of  the  building  was  ready  for  occupancy  in  lS-46,  and  on 
tiie  2Gth  day  of  January,  of  that  year,  the  Institution  was  formally 
opened,  with  Mr.  Thomas  Officer  as  principal.  The  first  term 
opened  with  but  four  pupils,  which  has  increased  from  year  to  year, 
until  the  average  attendance  at  the  present  time  is  about  250. 

ILLINOIS    INSTITUTE    FOR    THE    INSANE. 

In  response  to  an  appeal  from  the  eminent  philanthropist, 
Miss  D.  L.  Dix,  an  act  establishing  the  Illinois  Hospital 
for  the  Insane,  was  approved  by  Gov.  French,  March  1,  1847. 
Nine  trustees  were  appointed,  with  power  to  select  a  site, 
purchase  land,  and  erect  buildings  to  accommodate  250  jiatients. 
On  the  1st  of  May  the  board  agreed  upon  a  site,  1^  miles 
from  the  court-house  in  Jacksonville.  In  1851  two  wards  in 
the  east  wing  were  ready  fur  occupancy,  and  the  first  patient 
was  admitted  Nov.  3, 1851.  In  1869  the  General  Assembly  passed 
two  acts  creating^  the  northern  asvlum  for  the  insane,  and  the 
southern  asylum  for  the  insane,  which  was  approved  by  Gov. 
Palmer,  April  16,  1869.  Elgin  was  selected  as  a  location  for  the 
former,  and  Anna  for  the  latter.  The  estimated  capacity  of  the 
three  asylums  is  1,200  patients.  In  addition  to  the  State  institu- 
tions for  the  insane,  there  are  three  other  asylums  for  their  benefit, 
one  in  Coolv  county,  which  will  accommodate  about  400  ])atients, 
and  two  private  institutions,  one  at  Batavia,  and  one  at  Jack- 
sonville. 

ASYLUM    FOR    FEEBLE-MINDED. 

The  experimental  school  for  feeble-minded  children,  the  first 
institution  of  its  kind  in  the  North-west,  was  created  by  an  act 
approved,  Feb.  15,  1865.  It  was  an  outgrowth  of  the  institution 
for  deaf  and  dumb,  to  which  idiots  are  frequently  sent,  under  a 
mistaken  impression  on  the  part  of  parents,  that  their  silence 
results  from     inability  to  hear.     The  selection  of  a  site    for  the 


IbS  .  IIISTOUV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

building  was  iiitnisteil  to  seven  coniniissioners,  wlio,  in  July,  1875, 
a^'ii'od  upon  the  town  ol'  Lincoln.  The  bnililin<;  wus  hcgun  in 
l>7r),  anil  conij>lete«l  three  years  later,  at  a  c.fst  of  $154,200.  The 
avera<re  attendance  in  isTS  was  2*24. 

TiiK  rnicAdo  ciiAurrAnLi:  i:yi;  am*  lak  infikmaky. 

The  as^iociation  (ov  roiindini;  this  institution  was  organized  in 
May,  18.">S,  and  l*ear.»on  street,  Cluca«;o,  selected  for  the  erection 
of  the  liuildinjj:.  In  ISri.')  the  legislatiirc  granted  the  institution 
a  Ppei'ial  charter,  ami  two  years  later  male  an  appropnatio;!  of 
$55,000  a  year  for  it.-;  maintenance,  and  in  1>71  rec^eived'it  into  the 
circle  (»f  State  institutions;  thereuimn  the  name  was  chanii^Hl  by 
the  substitution  of  the  word  Illinois  for  Chicago.  The  building 
was  swept  away  by  the  great  fire  of  1S71,  an<l  three  years  later  the 
present  building  was  completed,  at  a  cost  of  ^42,843, 

THE    60UTIIKK.S'    ILLI.VOIS    .\OUMAL    INIVERSITV 

Is  located  at  Carbondalc.  This  University  was  opened  in  1^74, 
and  «»ccupies  one  of  the  finest  school  edifices  in  the  United  Slates. 
It  includes,  licsides  a  normal  department  proper,  a  ])rej'aratory 
department  and  a  model  school.  The  nuxlel  school  is  of  an. 
elementary  gratle;  the  preparatory  <h»j»artment  is  of  the  grade  of  a 
high  school,  with  a  course  of  three  years.  The  n(»rnnd  cimri-o  of  lour 
years  embraces  two  courses,  a  classiail  and  a  scientific  course;  both 
make  the  study  of  the  Knglish  language  and  literature  «juite 
pronuncnt. 

THK    ILLI.S-M'    i.NIHSTKIAL    INIVKRSITV, 

Located  at  Urbana.  wiu>  chartered  in  1867.  It  has  a  corps  of  twen- 
ty-five instructors,  including  ])rofessors,  lecturers  and  assistants 
and  has  an  attendance  of  over  4o0  puj)ils.  It  comprises  four 
co'.ieg.s  [l)  Agriculture,  (2^  Engineering,  (3)  Natural  Science, 
(4)  Liteniture  and  Science.  These  colleges  embrace  twelve  subor- 
dinate schools  and  courses  of  instruction,  in  which  are  taught 
domestic  science  and  art,  commerce,  military  science,  wood  engrav- 
ing, printing,  telegraphy,  jthotographingan<l  designing.  This  insti- 
tution is  endowed  with  the  national  land  grant,  and  the  amount  of 
its  prtKluctive  fund  is  al>out  $320,000.  The  value  of  its  grounds, 
buildings,  etc.,  is  alK»ut  $«»40,000.  It  is  well  supplied  with  appara- 
tus, and  has  a  library  of  over  10,000  volumes. 


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HISTORY  OF  PIKE  COUNTY. 


CHAPTER  I. 


EARLY    SETTLEMENT. 


INTRODUCTORY. 

"We  now  begin  to  chronicle  the  history  of  one  of  the  largest  and 
wealthiest,  as  well  as  the  oldest,  counties  in  the  great  State  of  Illi- 
nois. To  say  that  our  task  is  a  most  difficult  one  will  only  be 
expressing  the  sentiment  of  all  who  have  attempted  the  compilation 
of  local  history.  Only  such  ])ersons  can  fully  apj^reciate  the  em- 
barrassment arising  from  the  multiplied  perplexities  that  are 
continually  crowding  around  the  local  historian.  We  shall  seek  to 
make  this  a  record  as  detailed  and  accurate  as  accessible  data  will 
permit.  Of  course  it  will  be  impossible  to  gather  up  all  of  the  frag- 
mentary facts  of  the  three-score  years  of  the  county's  history,  of 
most  wiiicli  no  written  record  was  ever  made,  and  many  even 
important  facts  have  slipped  through  the  meshes  of  memory  never 
to  be  recalled.  Doubtless  when  the  early  pilgrim  reads,  or  has 
read  to  him,  historical  items  recorded  in  this  volume,  it  will  rekin- 
dle in  memory  recollections  of  kindred  facts,  not  given  us,  and  that 
otherwise  would  have  been  forever  cast  into  the  darkness  of  oblivion. 
Records  of  these  items  should  be  made  as  they  are  brought  to  light, 
that  the  future  historian  may  have  the  greater  abundance  of  material 
from  which  to  compile. 

Truth  and  accuracy  will  be  our  motto,  yet  that  some  errors  will 
occur  in  names  and  dates,  and  even  in  statements,  cannot  be  denied. 
Studious  care  will  be  taken,  however,  to  avoid  as  many  such  inac- 
curacies as  possible. 

The  face  of  the  country  of  this  county,  save  that  portion  b:)rdering 
on  the  Mississippi  and  Illinois  rivers,  is  mostly  rich,  rolling  prairie, 
watered  by  Bay,  McGee,  Six  Mile,  Honey,  Pigeon  and  McCraney's 


192  HISTORY    OK    I'IKK   COUNTY. 

creeks,  with  tlicir  nuinerous  and  Kiiiall  tributaries,  aliuij;  which  are 
exteiitsive  l)o(ii('s  of  tiinl)er.  The  luriners  have  nhiiitcd*  artificial 
groves  extcn.sively  over  the  j»rairie,  which  has  liad  the  etl'ect  of 
ameliorating  the  climate,  by  keening  the  winds  of  an  open  country 
from  the  surface  of  the  earth.  n\  the  energy  and  enterprise  of  tlie 
citizens  of  this  county,  it  luis  been  transformed  from  the  native 
wildernos  into  one  of  the  nu»st  attractive  portions  uf  the  State,  if 
not  of  the  West.  It  is  claimed  that  there  is  no  siK)t  on  tlie  face  of 
tlie  earth  capable  of  sustaining  a  denser  population  than  the  Mili- 
tary Tract;  and  those  lamiliar  with  this  beautiful  portion  c»f our  State 
know  that  i'ike  county  is  jmt  excelled  by  any  other  within  its 
boundary.  That  thisctuinty  contains  as  intelligent,  enterprising  and 
thrifty  agriculturists  ha  ]>robabIy  am  be  found  elsewliero  in  tljo 
same  breadth  of  territory  in  the  United  States,  few  will  deny.  Fi?io 
barns,  with  all  the  modern  improvements,  comfortable  dwellings, 
hiwns,  ganlens,  outhoUhes,  etc.,  are  t«»  be  foumi  i>n  every  hand; 
towns  and  cities  liavo  sprung  up  as  if  b}'  magic,  and  every  knoll  is 
graced  by  a  church  edirice  or  scliool  building. 

The  natural  resources  of  Pike  county,  as  above  alluded  to,  for 
agricultural  an<l  matiuf'acturin;:  j)urj>ose.»,  and  nuirketing,  give  to 
the  farmers  and  manufacturers  of  tlie  county  sujKjrior  advantages. 
The  agricultural  interest*  of  the  county  are  well  advanced.  Indeed, 
it  may  be  said  that  I'ike  is  the  great  aifricidlural  county  of  Illinois. 
The  soil  is  mostly  rich  prairie  loam,  and  has  great  proiluctive  (qual- 
ities. It  is  mostly  tlivitliHl  int4)  farms  i»f  medium  size,  from  SO  to 
32(»  acres;  but  few  large  farms  are  to  1x5  f«»und.  The  l>enetit  of  this 
is  appaivnt  by  the  iticreasetl  jH>pidation  an<l  a  l»etter  cidtivation. 
The  staple  crops  of  cereals  are  c«>rn,  wheat  and  i»:its,  which  generally 
yield  abundantly.  This  is  the  condiJi<tn  of  Pike  county  at  jiresent. 
How  »lif1erent  when  El>cnezer  Franklin,  with  his  family,  located 
withirj  its  inirdersl  Tiien  these  prairies  were  a  vast  wilderness 
covered  with  a  rank  growth  of  prairie  grass,  and  much  of  the  land 
now  uiuler  a  high  state  tif  cultivation  was  covered  with  heavy  for- 
ests. At  that  time  the  native  red  men  roamed  unmolested  over  tlie 
flowery  prairies  and  tlirougli  dark  f«>rests. 

We  wish  to  (juote  in  this  connection  tin*  eloouent,  ju.-^t  and  aj>- 
pri)priate  tril)Ute  }>aid  to  Pike  county  by  Hon.  Wm.  A.  Grimshaw 
in  his  "Centennial  Address."  It  speaks  in  praiseworthy, yet  truth- 
ful, «lescriptive  terms  of  ))4>th  people  and  c<»unty: 

''The  citizens  of  this  county  have  always  been  marked  for  a  love 
of  our  national  Government,  for  participation  in  all  SUite  measures 
to  promote  the  common  g<»od  of  Illinois.  With  one  brief  exception, 
tlie  period  of  the  'vigilance  committee,*  loc^l  government  has 
always  been  of  an  orderly  character.  Tlie  brief  excitement  of  that 
period  led  to  more  etKcient  laws  for  the  ])rotection  of  society,  and 
thus  good  came  out  of  evil.  No  fratricidal  strife,  no  display  of 
brothers  in  battle  array  with  deadly  cannon  and  all  the  dread  habil- 
iments of  war,  are  portrayed  here.  The  life  of  our  citizens  has 
been  with  few  exceptions  that  of  peaceful   farmers   and   townsmen, 


HISTORY    OF    I'lKE    COUNTY.  193 

busy  in  the  affairs  of  domestic  life.  Thus  3'our  liistorian  has  no 
startling  tales  to  tell. 

"Still  as  the  current  of  your  own  gentle  river,  Illinois,  with  a 
few  swells  in  the  stream  of  life,  when  wars  waged  beyond  the  lim- 
its of  the  present  county  called  off  our  men  to  war,  has  been  the  life 
of  your  people.  Industry  has  prevailed.  Education  has  had  its 
marked  intluence,  and  the  holy  gospel,  taught  in  its  beauty  and 
simplicity,  has  pervaded  every  walk  in  life.  Crime  has,  notwith- 
standing, been  perpetrated,  to  be  brought  generally  to  condign 
punishment.  Such  is  generally  the  end  of  those  who  violate  the 
laws,  human  and  divine. 

"  This  county,  once  embracing  the  fairest  portion  of  the  once 
Eden-like  State  of  Illinois,  yet  retaining  within  her  limits  land 
beautiful  to  look  upon,  desirable  to  inhabit,  and  famed  for  her  fair 
daughters,  her  gallant  sons,  prosperous  farmers  and  mechanics, able 
professional  men  and  legislators,  her  present  territory  equal  yet 
almost  to  some  of  the  old  thirteen  States,  owes  much,  if  not  all,  of 
this  to  the  patriotism  and  foresight  of  the  Revohitionary  fathers. 

"  Contemplate  the  vastness  of  Pike  county  as  she  was  when  organ- 
ized by  the  act  of  the  Legislature  of  1821,  in  these  words: 

Section  1. — Be  it  enacted  by  the  People  of  the  State  of  Illinois  represented  in 
the  General  Assembly,  That  all  that  tract  of  country  within  the  following  bounda- 
ries, to  wit :  beginning  at  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois  river  and  running  thence  up 
the  middle  of  said  river  to  the  fork  of  the  same,  thence  up  the  south  fork  of  said 
river  until  it  strikes  the  State  line  of  Indiana,  thence  north  with  said  line  to  the 
north  boundary  line  of  this  State,  thence  west  with  said  line  to  the  western  bound- 
ary line  of  this  State,  and  thence  with  said  line  to  the  place  of  beginning,  shall 
constitute  a  separate  county  to  be  called  Pike. 

"  To  repeat  the  extent  of  the  boundaries:  On  the  south,  begin  at 
the  junction  of  the  Illinois  and  Mississippi  rivers,  then  follow  the 
Illinois  to  the  fork  of  the  same,  meaning  the  Kankakee,  thence  to 
the  line  of  the  State  of  Indiana,  thence  north  and  west  embracing 
the  territory  from  Chicago,  following  on  the  line  of  Wisconsin  to 
the  Mississippi  river,  including  the  famed  lead  mines  of  Galena, 
and  to  the  channel  of  the  Mississippi,  thence  descending  to  the 
place  of  beginning. 

"  First  note  the  beautiful,  still  gliding  river,  the  Illinois,  then 
observe  the  majestic  Father  of  Waters;  traverse  all  this  territory, 
great  in  extent,  formerly  the  home  of  savage  tribes  of  Indians,  the 
land  marked  bv  the  tread  of  the  buffalo  and  dotted  over  with  the 
graves  and  mounds,  the  relics  of  extinct  races,  the  fierce  brute  crea- 
tion and  game  and  fish  abounding,  prairies  illimitable,  adorned 
with  flowers  of  gorgeous  hues,  fruits  delicious  in  profusion  and  great 
variety,  forests  of  vast  size  filled  with  gigantic  trees  and  of  many 
species,  rivers  bounding  unfettered  by  mati's  contrivances;  then  no 
locks  and  dams  existed  thereon,  fish  in  myriads  were  the  dwellers 
in  those  rivers, — and  these  all  existed  in  1821,  when  Pike  county 
was  struck  off  by  name  from  the  older  settlements  and  the  few 
counties  then  existing  in  Illinois. 


194  HI8TUKV    OK    riKK    COINTV. 

"Pike  county  has  been  the  mother  of  States  to  the  west  of  Illi- 
Jiois.  lliiviiig  a  pioneer  j)o|)uhitioii  of  an  enterjjrising  turn,  hir^e 
nunihcrs  liave  einiijrated  totrctlu'r  to  Orciron,  Texas  utid  (/uliforiiia 
and  other  rt'iiiote  j>(»ints>,  followiiii;  tlie  star  ol"  empire.  Many  estima- 
ble farmers  who  once  lived  in  Pike  have  gone  further  east  in  Illi- 
nois and  settled  in  the  prairie  counties. 

•'The  health  of  this  county  is  almost  invarial)ly  good  excepting 
in  lowlands  where  some  malarious  disease  comes  on  at  times.  Lon- 
gevity exists  to  a  marked  degree  and  children  fairly  swarm.  Pros- 
perity and  tine  crops  are  the  general  results  of  industry." 

i  ANTK-I'IONKKK    HISTORY. 

Before  jiroceeding  further  in  detailing  the  immediate  history  of 
the  county,  we  desire  to  mention  a  few  important  facts  relative  to 
the  earliest  history  of  this  section  of  the  State.  In  1073  the  great 
French  explorers,  Maniuette  and  Joliet,  passeil  down  the  Missis- 
sippi and  up  the  Illinois  in  their  canoes,  on  their  first  famous  voy- 
age d«>wn  the  great  Father  of  Waters.  Seven  years  later,  Jan.  3, 
16S0,  LaSalle,  with  his  little  band  of  Frenchmen,  came  down  the 
Illinois  river  as  far  as  P«»oria  lake,  landed  upon  the  opposite  shore, 
and  erected  a  fort — Fort  OeveccDur.  Thisfi»rt  was  soon  evacuated 
and  destroyed,  yet  the  enterprising  Frenchmen  continued  am«»ng 
the  Indians  as  traders.  Thev  exerte«i  no  perc«|)tible  civilizing  intlu- 
ence,  liowever,  upon  the  red-skins:  indeed,  by  life  and  inter-mar- 
riago  among  them,  they  liecjimo  in  all  resj>ects  more  and  more  like 
them,  until  their  identity  was  almost  lost. 

Year  after  year  rolled  bv  until  almost  a  centurv  an<l  a  half  had 
passed  since  LaSalle  stepped  ashore  from  his  skitf,  before  the  abo- 
rigines who  occupied  the  territory  embraced  within  the  present 
boundary  of  Pike  county  were  molested  by  theencn>achments  of  the 
white  man.  Generation  after  generation  of  natives  at>peare<l  upon 
the  wild  scenes  of  savage  life,  roamed  the  forest  and  prairie,  and 
glided  over  the  beautiful,  placid  Illinois  atid  Mississippi  rivers  in 
their  log  and  bark  canoes,  and  passed  away.  Still  the  advance  of 
civilization,  the  steady  westward  tread  of  the  Anglo-Saxon,  disturlied 
them  not.  The  butfalo,  deer,  bear  ami  wolf  roamed  the  prairie  and 
woodland,  the  Indian  their  only  enemy.  But  nature  had  destined 
better  tilings  for  this  fertile  region.  She  had  been  too  lavish  in  the 
distribution  of  natural  advantages  to  leave  it  longer  in  the  peaceable 
possession  of  those  who  had  for  centuries  refused  to  develop,  even 
in  the  slightest  degree,  any  of  her  great  resources.  She  accordingly 
directed  hitherward  the  footsteps  of  the  industrious,  enterprising 
pioneer;  and  so  fertile  was  the  soil  and  so  beautiful  the  flowers,  so 
sparkling  were  the  streams  and  shady  the  groves,  that,  in  advance  of 
all  the  surrounding  country,  the  pioneers  .sought  and  settled  the 
timber  land  and  prairie  of  Pike  county. 

Tiie  thrilling  scenes  through  which  the  pioneer  settlers  passed  in 
the  settlement  of  this  portion  of  Illinois  must  ever  awaken  emotions 


i 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  195 

of  wannest  regard  for  them.  To  pave  the  way  for  those  who  fol- 
lowed after  them,  to  make  their  settlement  in  the  West  a  pleasure, 
they  bore  the  flood-tide  wave  of  civilization;  they  endured  all,  suf- 
fered all.  But  few  of  these  spirits  now  survive;  they  have  passed 
away  full  of  years  and  honors,  leaving  their  children,  and  children's 
children  and  strangers  to  succeed  them  and  enjoy  the  fruits  of  the 
toil,  privations  and  savings  of  their  long  and  eventful  lives. 

Life  with  them  is  o'er,  their  hibors  all  are  done, 
And  others  reap  the  harvest  that  they  won. 

Too  great  honor  cannot  be  accorded  them,  and  we  regret  that  we 
have  not  the  data  to  speak  more  full}'  and  definitely  of  them,  their 
personal  experiences,  their  lives  and  their  characters. 

FIRST   AMERICAN    SETTLEMENTS. 

Cominc:  on  down  through  the  years  for  over  a  century,  we  wish 
to  speak  of  the  first  American  settlements  in  the  State,  as  an  intro- 
ductory to  the  more  immediate  history  of  the  original  Pike  county. 

The  first  settlement  made  within  the  borders  of  the  great  State 
of  Illinois  by  citizens  of  the  United  States  was  in  1784,  when  a  few 
families  from  Virginia  founded  a  small  colony  or  settlement  near 
Bellefontaine,  in  Monroe  county.  The  next  American  settlement 
was  made  in  St.  Clair  county,  two  of  which  were  made  prior  to  the 
year  1800. 

The  first  American  settlers  in  Illinois  were  chiefly  from  Ken- 
tucky, Virginia,  Pennsylvania,  North  Carolina,  Tennessee  and  some 
from  Maryland.  Some  of  these  had  served  with  Gen.  Clark,  who 
conquered  the  country  from  the  British  in  1778.  This  whole  people 
did  not  number  more  than  12,000  in  1812,  but  with  the  aid  of  one 
company  of  regular  soldiers  defetided  themselves  and  their  settle- 
ments against  the  numerous  and  powerful  nations  of  Kickapoos, 
Sacs,  Foxes,  Pottavvatomies  and  Shawnees,  and  even  made  hostile 
expeditions  into  the  heart  of  their  country,  burning  their  villages 
and  defeatino;  and  driving:  them  from  the  territory. 

When  the  State  was  admitted  in  1818  the  settlements  extended 
a  little  north  of  Edvvardsville  and  Alton;  south  along  the  Missis- 
sippi to  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio;  east  in  the  direction  of  Carlysle  to 
the  Wabash,  and  down  the  Wabash  and  Ohio  to  the  conjunction  of 
the  Ohio  and  Mississippi.  Such  was  the  extent  of  the  settlement 
in  Illinois  when  the  Tenutory  was  clothed  with  State  honors. 

There  were  but  15  organized  counties  represented  in'  the  conven- 
tion to  frame  the  first  Constitution.  These  were  St.  Clair,  Ran- 
dol|)h,  Madison,  Gallatin,  Johnson,  Edwards,  White,  Monroe,  'Pope, 
Jackson,  Crawford,  Bond,  Union,  Washington  and  Franklin.  The 
last  three  were  the  vounijcest  counties,  and  were  formed  in  1818. 

ORIGINAL    PIKE    COUNTY. 

Pike  county  was  the  first  or  second  county  organized  after  the 
State  was  admitted  into  the  Union.     It  was  erected  Jan.  31,  1821, 


196  HISTORY    OP'    riKE    COUNTY. 

and  included  nil  of  the  territory  west  and  north  of  tlie  Illinois 
river,  and  its  south  fork,  now  the  Kankakee  river.  At  the  tirst 
election  in  Pike  county  after  its  organization  only  35  votes  were 
polled,  even  thouijh  it  did  extend  over  the  entire  northern  jwirt  of 
the  State,  and  out  (»f  which  more  than  fifty  counties  have  since  been 
organized. 

A  *'  Gazetteer  of  Illinois  and  Wisconsin,''  j>ul)lished  ahout  1S22, 
says  that  the  county  "included  a  part  of  the  lands  a])pn»priatetl  by 
C(tni^ress  for  the  payment  of  military  bounties.  The  lau<ls  cou- 
Btitutini;  that  tract  are  include<i  within  a  peninsula  of  the  Illinois 
and  the  Mississippi,  and  extend  on  the  meridian  line  (4th),  passing 
throui;h  the  nnuith  of  the  Illinois,  102  miles  north.  Pike  county 
will  no  doul)t  be  ilivided  into  several  counties;  some  of  which  will 
become  very  wealthy  and  important.  It  is  probable  that  the  sec- 
tion about  Fort  (Hark  (now  Peoria)  will  l>e  the  most  thickly  settled. 
On  the  Mississippi  river,  above  I^>ck  river,  lead  ore  i^  found  in 
al)undance.  Pike  county  ct»ntains  between  TOO  and  800  inhabi- 
tants. It  is  attached  to  the  Hrst  judicial  circuit,  sends  one  mem- 
ber to  the  House  of  Representatives,  and,  with  (ireene,  one  to  the 
Senate.  The  county-seat  is  Cole's  (Jrove,  a  jiost  town.  It  was  laid 
otit  in  IS'JI  and  is  sitmited  in  townshi|>  11  south,  in  rani;e  2  west 
of  the  fourth  princi|»al  njeridian;  very  little  im|)rovement  has  yet 
been  made  in  this  place  or  vicinity.  The  situation  is  high  and 
healthy  and  bids  fair  to  become  a  place  of  some  importance.'' 

Thus  the  historian  of  three  score  years  ago  speaks  of  Pike  county 
as  it  was  in  its  original  magnitude  and  wildness.  II«>w  changjid 
is  the  face  of  the  country  since  liieni  Who  c<»uld  have  foretold 
its  future  greatness  with  any  degree  of  knowledge  or  certainty! 

We  deem  it  within  the  province  of  this  work  to  speak  of  the 
earliest  settlement  of  all  this  vjist  n-gion.  Much  of  it  was  settled 
prior  to  that  ]H)rtion  contained  within  the  ]>rcsent  Ixjundaries  of 
the  count}',  and  as  it  wjw  for  many  years  a  |»art  <»f  Pike  county  it 
is  j>roper  we  should  refer  to  it,  briefly,  at  lea.-^t. 

The  earliest  history  ami  the  tirst  occupation  of  the  original  Pike 
coutity  are  enshrou<le<l  in  almost  imjM'uetrable  obscurity.  After 
the  la|)se  of  more  than  three  quarters  oi  a  century,  the  almost  total 
absence  of  records.  at»d  the  fact  that  the  whites  who  visited  or 
livcil  in  this  region  prior  to  1S20  are  all  dea<l,  render  it  imptjssible 
now  to  determine  with  any  degree  of  certainty  the  name  of  him 
who  is  entitled  to  the  honor  of  l>eing  recorded  as  *' tirst  settler." 
Perhaps  the  first  man  who  sojourne<i  within  the  Military  Tract 
lived  in  what  is  n«»w  Calhoun  county.  He  went  there  about  ISOl, 
and  lived  for  years  before  any  other  settler  came,  and  remained 
alone  and  unknown  for  a  long  time  after  the  first  pioneers  moved 
into  that  section.  Hi?  home  was  a  cjive  dug  out  by  himself,  and 
was  about  a  <|uarter  of  a  mile  from  the  Mississijtpi  river.  In  1H50 
the  boards  of  his  cave  tloor  were  dug  up  and  the  ground  leveled. 
Who  he  was  or  where  he  came  from  was  known  only  to  himself, 
for  he  refused  all  intercourse  with  the  settlers. 


HISTORY    OK    ITKP:    COUNTY,  197 

The  next  settlers,  i)erhaps,  were  French  trappers  and  lialt-breeds 
who  formed  quite  a  hirge  colony  on  the  Illinois  river  near  the  Deer 
Plains  Ferrv,  Calhonn  county.  Thesis  remained  there  until  the 
great  hii:;h  water  of  1815  or  l8lb,  which  drove  them  away.  .  Andrew 
Judy  lived  at  this  j)oint  at  a  very  early  day.  Major  Roberts  settled 
in  Calhoun  county  in  June,  1811.  He  came  from  Ohio.  John 
Shaw  came  into  that  county  at  a  \'ery  early  day  and  was  one  of  the 
leadiui;  men  in  the  orijanization  of  Fike  county,  and  for  some  time 
was  County  Conunissioner.  lie  settled  at  Gilead,  the  site  of  the 
original  count3'-seat  of  I^ike  county.  He  was  the  most  noted  and 
influential  man  in  his  day  of  all  in  all  this  region.  He  carried  on 
farming,  stock-raisino^,  and  conducted  a  stoi-e,  and  engaged  in  poli- 
tics very  largely.  His  inlluence  was  so  great  that  he  was  able  to 
rule  the  county  indirectly,  which  he  did  for  many  years.  He  was 
denominated  the  "  Black  Prince,"  on  account  of  his  having  great 
sway  over  the  community.  It  is  said  that  he  had  control  over  a 
large  band  of  half-l)reeds,  with  which  and  his  numerous  other  hench- 
men he  controlled  the  elections,  and  earned  everv  measure  he  de- 
sired.  He  forged  deeds,  even  h}'  the  quire,  doctored  poll  books, 
etc.  So  great  was  his  influence  and  at  the  same  time  so  injurious 
to  the  settlers  that  the  ])ublic  issue  was  gotten  up  in  its  politics,  of 
"Shaw,"  or  "Anti-Shaw,"  and  not  until  there  was  a  great  and  united 
struggle  that  John  Shaw  lost  his  supremacy. 

There  was  a  man  by  the  name  of  Davison  who  was  found  living 
as  a  hermit  a  few  miles  above  the  mouth  of  Spoon  river  on  its 
banks  by  the  first  settlers  in  Fulton  count}'.  He  was  a  physician 
and  a  man  of  culture  and  refinement.  How  long  he  had  resided 
there  l)efore  discovered  by  the  whites  is  not  known,  but  evidently 
for  many  years,  as  the  shrubberj'  and  trees  that  he  had  planted 
had  grown  (^uite  large.  He  was  selected  as  one  of  the  first  grand 
jurors  for  the  Circuit  Court  of  Pike  county.  He  refused  all  inter- 
course with  the  whites,  and  about  1824  put  his  effects  in  a  canoe, 
paddled  down  Spoon  river  and  up  the  Illinois  to  Starved  Itock, 
where  he  lived  in  obscurity  until  he  died,  which  was  a  few  years 
afterward. 

In  1778  the  French  made  a  settlement  at  the  upper  end  of  Peoria 
lake.  The  country  in  the  vicinity  of  this  lake  was  called  by  the 
Indians  Phn-i-te-wi,  that  is,  a  place  where  there  are  many  fat 
beasts.  Here  the  town  of  Laville  de  Meillet,  named  after  its 
founder,  was  started.  Within  the  next  twenty  years,  liowever,  the 
town  was  moved  down  to  the  lower  end  of  the  lake  to  the  ])resent 
site  of  Peoria.  In  1812  the  town  was  destroyed  and  the  iidiabi- 
tants  carried  away  by  Captain  Craig.  In  1813  Fort  Clark  was 
erected  there  by  Illinois  troops  engaged  in  the  war  of  1812.  Five 
years  later  it  was  destroyed  by  fire.  Some  American  settlers,  how- 
ever, early  came  into  this  neighborhood.  These  were  mostly  sol- 
diers of  the  war  of  1812  who  had  been  given  bounty-land  for  their 
services  and  had  come  to  possess  it.  An  old  veteran  of  that  war 
by    the  name  of  AVm.  Blanchard  came  to  Peoria  in    1819,    soon 


198  HISTORY    OK    IMKK    COUNTY. 

moved  over  the  river  into  Tazewell  county,  and  in  1830  moved  just 
over  the  line  into  Woodford,  and  is  still  livin;^  there,  jierhaps  the 
oldest  livini;  settler  north  id"  the  nututh  of  the  Illinois  river. 

The  first  jtennHiient  settlement  hy  the  whiles  in  all  Northwestern 
Illinois,  of  which  any  record  or  reliahle  knowledi^e  now  remains, 
existed  ahout  1S20  on  the  hanks  of  the  river  now  known  as  the 
Galena.  This  river  was  then  known  as  Feve,  (tr  Hean  river.  The 
Indian  name  for  the  river  was  Mah-cau-bee,  the  fever  that  blisters, 
and  was  mimed  from  the  fact  of  the  Indians  having  small-po.x  here. 
Hundreds  of  the  natives  died  and  they  gave  the  names  of  Big 
Siiiall-l*o\  river  an<l  Little  Small-1'ox  river  to  the  streams  upon 
which  thev  lived.  The  tornu-r  was  chan^red  hv  the  whites  to  the 
more  pleasant  name  of  Fever  river;  the  smaller  is  still  known  as 
Small-rox  creek.  Galena  was  known  as  "  Fever  River  Settle- 
ment," and  we  find  tre<juent  mention  of  it  in  the  old  Gommis- 
sioners'  Court  reconls.  John  8.  Miller,  who  was  perhaps  t!ie  first 
settler  there,  and  Mk.-is  .Meeker,  perhaps  the  next,  t>ften  aj)plicd  to 
the  Court  at  Cc)le's  Grove  for  licenses,  recommendations  to  the 
Governor  to  he  appointed   Justice  of  the  Peace,  etc. 

Fever  river  was  als(j  known  in  an  early  day  hy  the  mime  of  IJean 
river,  from  the  French  name,  Kiviere  au  I'eve,  given  it  hy  the  early 
traders  and  adventurers.  This  section  of  country  is  referred  to 
in  the  "Gazetteer  of  Illinois  and  .Missouri,"  a  work  published  in 
182'J  and  now  vitv  rare,  as  follows: 

^^  Bean  river  (Kiviere  au  Feve,  Fr. ),  a  navigable  stream  of  Pike 
count\,  emptying  into  the  Mississippi  three  miles  below  Cat-Fish 
creek,  and  20  miles  below  Dubu<jue's  mines,  and  alK>ut  70  abuve 
liock  river.  Nine  miles  up  this  stream  a  snuill  creek  empties  into 
it  from  the  west.  The  banks  of  this  creek,  and  the  hills  which 
hound  its  alluvium,  are  filled  with  lead  ore  of  the  best  quality. 
Three  miles  below  this  on  the  banks  of  Bean  river  is  the  Traders' 
Village,  consisting  of  ten  or  twelve  houses  or  cabins.  At  this 
place  the  ore  procured  from  the  Indians  is  .•<in»'lted  and  then  sent 
in  boats  either  to  Canada  or  New  (Jrleans.  The  lands  on  this  stream 
are  poor,  and  are  only  valuable  on  account  of  the  immense  quanti- 
ties of  minerals  which  they  contain." 

In  the  same  work  Chicago  is  simply  mentioned  as  "a  village  of 
Pike  county,  containing  12  (»r  15  houses  and  about  GO  or  70  inhab- 
itants." Fort  Dearborn  had  been  built  there  in  1804,  but  so  far 
was  it  in  the  wilderness  that  when  the  massacre  of  the  garrison  in 
1812  occurred  many  days  elap.<ed  before  it  was  kn(»wn  to  the  near- 
est white  settlement.  There  was  also  a  fort  and  military  garri^on 
on  the  Mississippi  river  where  Warsaw  is  now  locjited.  This  was 
known  as  Fort  Edwards,  and  tlie  name  also  occurs  frequently  in 
the  old  records  of  Pike  county.  One  of  the  main  wagon-roads,  and 
one  upon  which  the  Commissioners  e.\))eniled  much  time  and 
money,  was  known  as  the  Fort  Edwards  road. 

By  1820  to  1825  many  settlements  had  sprung  up  through  Central 
Illinois,  but  scarcely  before  1830  was  there  any  considerable  num- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  199 

ber  of  whites  living  north  of  the  north  line  of  the  present  bound- 
ary of  Pike  county.  It  is  true,  prior  to  that  Adams,  Fulton  and 
Scliuvler  counties  had  been  organized,  but  they  were  very  thinly 
popuhited.  By  1830  and  after  the  close  of  the  13hick  Hawk  war  in 
1832  and  the  expulsion  of  the  Indians  the  northern  part  of  the 
State  settled  uj>  quite  rapidly. 

THE    FIRST    SETTLEMENT    OF    PIKE    COUNTY    AS    IT    IS    AT    PRESENT. 

We  now  come  to  a  period  in  the  history  of  the  settlement  of  this 
county  when  we  will  restrict  ourselves  to  the  present  boundaries  of 
Pike  county.  The  few  broken  references  to  the  settlement  of  the 
Military  Tract  and  Northern  Illinois  we  offer  as  a  slight  historic 
token  to  the  grand  old  original  Pike  county — to  Pike  county  as  it 
was  in  its  primitive  days.  They  are  brief  and  scattering,  but, 
owing  to  the  fact,  as  previously  remarked,  that  there  are  no  records 
extant,  and  that  tiie  earliest  pioneers  have  passed  away,  it  is  impos- 
sible to  give  more,  other  than  to  elaborate  and  enlarge  on  the  facts 
already  stated,  which  we  will  not  do  for  want  of  space. 

Prior  to  the  coming  of  the  first  settler  to  Pike  county  there  had 
often  been  P^rench  traders,  hunters  and  travelers  passing  through 
the  native  forests  and  crossing  the  wild  and  beautiful  prairies.  They 
pitched  their  tent  for  the  night,  and  amid  the  vast  wilderness, 
inhabited  only  by  wild  beasts  and  the  native  red  man,  rested  their 
weary  limbs  oidy  to  move  at  the  early  dawn.  The  first  individual 
of  whom  we  have  account,  and  this  is  traditionary,  that  settled  in 
Pike  county  as  it  is,  or  who  made  it  his  home  for  any  considerable 
time,  was  J.  B.  Teboe  (Tibault),  a  Canadian  Frenchman.  He  came 
somewhere  during  the  period  between  1817  and  1819,  and  occupied 
a  cabin  on  the  banks  of  the  Illinois  river,  situated  on  what  is  now 
section  33,  Flint  township.  There  is  no  doubt  this  man  was  in  that 
locality  prior  to  1S20.  He  lived  as  a  hunter,  and  for  a  time  we 
think  ran  a  ferry,  but  whether  he  is  entitled  to  the  honor  of  being 
termed  the  "  first  settler  "  we  very  much  doubt.  He,  it  seems, 
tilled  no  land  and  made  no  permanent  abode,  nor  had  a  family.  He 
was  killed  at  Milton  in  1844. 

FRANKLIN    AND    SRINN    THE    FIRST    SETTLERS. 

The  man  who  may  properly  be  denominated  the  first  settler  of 
Pike  county  was  Ebenezer  Franklin.  He  came  to  the  county  in 
March,  1820,  and  first  stopped  upon  the  northwest  quarter  of  sec- 
tion 27,  half  a  mile  east  from  where  Atlas  was  afterward  located 
and  up  '-Jockey  Hollow."  He  brought  with  him  his  family,  con- 
sisting of  his  wife,  son  and  three  daughters,  besides  a  Mr.  Israel 
Waters.  This  gentleman  afterward  moved  to  Adams  county. 
When  Franklin  first  came  he  found  no  neighbor  with  whom  he 
could  stop  until  he  had  reared  his  cabin.  He  was  obliged  to  pitch 
his  tent  and  gather  his  family  around  him  in  his  tented  mansion 
provided  with  the  meager  and  rude  furniture  lie  brought  with  him 


200  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    OOl'NTY. 

and  what  he  constnictod  iifter  his  arrivnl.  There  is  no  doul»t  the 
familv  sutlereil  from  tl»e  chiiliiii;  winds  of  early  sprini;,  hut  they 
were  sturdy  pioneers  and  witlistood  the  privations  and  hardships  as 
became  true  pioneers.  He  resided  in  his  tent  until  May,  when  he 
erected  a  rutle  \n^  cabin. 

The  next  settler  t<»  conif  in  atter  Vranklin  was  Daniel  8hinn. 
He  Ciime  from  ]hita\  ia,  Oliio,  and  arriveii  ahout  the  last  of  Aj)ril, 
1820.  On  Ids  way  here  he  6t<)ppe<l  at  Kdwardsville,  where  ho  left 
most  of  his  lar<?e  family,  which  consisted  of  a  wife  and  eiji^ht  cliil- 
dren:  Benjamin.  .lohn,  Kli/.a,  Hannah,  Mary,  Phebe,  Daniel  and 
JSancy.  John  Weld),  now  liviuir  live  mih's  i-ast  of  Pittt.tield,  then 
ottly  bi.x  years  of  a^e,  came  witli  them.  Mi'.  Webb  is  now  the  oldest 
living  settler  in  the  county  by  four  years,  that  is,  he  came  to  the 
county  four  years  prior  to  any  other  nwin  now  living  in  the  county. 
Mr.  Shinn  was  the  tirst  man  who  iirou;:ht  a  wa^i»n  into  I'ike  county, 
probably  tiie  first  to  the  Military  Tract.  He  settled  near  Mr. 
Kranklin,  and  the  two  lived  in  tents  until  May,  when  they  i)oth 
erected  cabins,  aidin;j  one  aucjther  in  their  laitors.  Mr.  Shinn  witli 
two  of  his  sons  cleared  a  piece  of  ground  and  j)lanted  thrt-e  acres  of 
corn.  It  took  but  c«»tnp:iratively  little  lalxir  to  raise  ^rain,  but  to 
have  it  ground  or  prepared  for  food  was  a  hard  task.  At  this  early 
day  there  were  no  mills  within  reach  of  these  early  }>il^rims.  The 
first  mill  tlu'V  had  to  fj..  to  was  a  horse-iiiill  run  by  .lohn  Shaw  in 
Callutun  county.  Mr.  I'ranklin  erected  his  cabin  upon  the  south- 
east (juartcr  of  section  22,  Atlas  township,  or  what  is  now  Atlas, 
three- fourths  of  a  mile  from  Atlas  and  al>out  150  yards  north  of 
whert'  the  road  has  since  run.  Many  years  aj^o,  even,  the  place  waa 
covered  with  a  sj)indlin;^  growth  of  youn^  trees. 

Mr.  Shinn  h>catcil  a.s  a  near  neighbor  to  -Mr.  I'ranklin.  Ho 
beciime  a  ^reat  wolf-hunter,  prompted  by  the  fact  of  hjs  bein;^  una- 
b'e  to  raise  stock,  owin<;  to  their  ravages.  He  lost  2<tO  pij^s  by 
that  rapacious  animal,  and  resolve<J  to  make  war  ti|H»n  them.  He 
finally  succeeded  in  raising  fine  ho^s  by  shutting  them  uj)  in  a 
close  lo<;  stable  from  their  enrliest  pighood. 

The  Shinn  family  were  orifrinallv  from  Mew  Jersey.  On  their 
way  West  they  stoj)ped  for  awhile  at  Cincinnati,  where  they  fol- 
lowed ^ardenin^.  After  a  long  and  useful  life  Mr.  Shinn  died  at  a 
little  over  70  years  of  age,  while  on  a  visit  to  his  daughter  at  Pitts- 
field   in   1852.     He  took  an  active  part  in  the  early  history  of  the 


cx)untv. 


THE   OOMfNO    OF   THK    BOSSES. 


In  the  year  1^1*0  there  also  came,  from  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  the 
Rosses:  William  (Col.i,  Clarendon.  I>eonar«l  (Capt.i,  and  Henry  J. 
(Dr.V,  also  Samuel  Davis,  W^m.  Sprague  and  Joseph  Cogswell,  all 
settling  in  or  near  Atlas  .Leonard  had  been  Cai)tain  in  the  war  of 
1812,  and  William  obtained  his  title  afterward  by  having  \)een  ap- 
pointed Colonel  of  Illinois  militia.  Davis  was  a  ijee-hunter,  who 
built  t'or  himself  and  large  family  a  log  cabin  on  section  16.     Two 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  201 

years  afterward  he  moved  into  Missouri.  Most  of  these  men 
brought  their  families  to  their  new  homes  the  following  February, 
having  previously  left  them  at  Alton.  Mr.  Cogswell  was  from 
Berksliire,  Mass. 

The  Rosses  in  coming  West  had  a  tedious  iournev.  Thev  came 
by  flat-boats  down  the  Alleghany  and  Ohio  rivers,  and  by  wagons 
from  Shawneetown  to  Upper  Alton,  where  at  that  time  but  one 
house  existed,  occupied  by  Major  Hunter.  Here  they  left  their 
families,  and  coming  northward,  they  found  an  Indian  camp  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Hlinois  river,  where  they  split  ])uncheons  and  laid 
them  across  two  canoes  and  thus  safely  carried  over  their  w^agons. 
The  horses  were  made  to  swim  alongside.  Continuing  up  the  Mis- 
sissippi bottom  they  marked  the  trees  as  they  went,  for  there  were 
no  roads  and  nothing  to  guide  them  but  an  occasional  Indian  trail. 
They  arrived  at  section  27  in  township  6  south  and  5  west,  *' at 
last,"  whence,  according  to  tradition,  the  name  "Atlas."  Some 
wished  to  name  the  place  "  Charlotte,"  after  a  certain  lady  in  the 
comjiany.  This  beautiful  land  of  prairie  and  timber  charmed  the 
immigrants,  and  they  at  once  set  to  work  their  energies  and  con- 
structed a  camp  to  shelter  themselves  while  preparing  quarters  for 
their  families.  They  hurried  up  four  rough  log  cabins,  knowing 
that  Indians  were  numerous  and  that  probably  not  more  than  five 
white  men  were  within  50  miles  of  them  east  of  the  Mississippi. 

SEELET,   m'gIFFIN    AND    NEWMAN. 

James  M.  Seeley,  father  of  Dr.  Seeley,  of  Pittsfield,  came  to  this 
county  about  this  time.  Charles  McGiffin  and  Levi  Newman  set- 
tled on  this  side  of  the  Mississi])pi  river  opposite  Louisiana  on  a 
slouirh  called  "  McGiffin's  Slough,"  but  not  known  by  that  name 
now;  but  they  had  no  families.  McGiffin  died  two  years  atterward 
and  Newman  moved  over  into  Morgan  county. 

.JOHN    AND    JEREMIAH    ROSS,    BROWN,    WOOD    AND    KEYES. 

In  1S21,  John  and  Jeremiah  Ross,  brothers  of  the  preceding' 
Rufus  Brown.  John  Wood  (afterward  State  Governor)  and  Willard 
Keyes  arrived  at  Atlas.  Here  Brown  kept  a  tavern,  but  he  and 
these  two  Rosses  and  Mr.  Wood  removed  to  Adams  county.  When 
they  first  came  to  Pike  county  Wood  and  Keyes  first  settled  on  the 
16th  section  just  below  New  Canton  and  kept  bachelor's  hall  on  the 
bank  of  a  creek,  subsequently  named  "Keyes  "  creek,  after  one  of 
these  men.  They  had  a  few  hogs,  two  yoke  of  oxen  and  a  small 
iron  plow,  by  which  latter  they  broke  up  a  piece  of  ground  before 
building  a  cabin.  In  three  or  four  vears  thev  sold  out  and  went  to 
Adams  county,  where  Wood  founded  the  city  of  Quincy.  He  was 
then  a  young  man,  vigorous  and  ambitious.  One  day  he,  with 
William  Ross,  the  founder  of  Atlas,  and  Ca])t.  Ross,  the  Sheriff  of 
Pike  countv,  were  traveling  over  the  countrv  north  and  west  of  this 
county,  but  then  within  its  borders.    When  nearing  the  Mississippi 


202  HISTORY    OF    riKE    COCNTV. 

river  he  told  his  companions  to  foUow  him  and  he  would  show  them 
where  he  whs  troiiii;  to  build  a  citv.  Thev  went  about  a  mile  otV  the 
main  trail  when  thev  reached  the  j)rt'sent  site  of  the  city  of  Quincy. 
TliL' view  presented  l»»  the  trio  of  sturdy  frontiersmen  was  a  mai^niti- 
cent  one.  The  hand  of  the  white  man  had  never  touched  the  soil, 
or  disturbed  the  beautiful  decorations  of  nature.  Below  them  swept 
the  Father  of  Waters  vet  unburdi-ned  bv  steam  iuivi<;ation.  Mr. 
Wood  tried  to  show  his  companions  the  advantages  the  location 
had,  but  Mr.  Iloss,  thoroughly  interested  in  buihlin*^  uj)  his  own 
town  of  Atlas  and  so  sanjjuine  of  its  future  j^reatness,  that  the  l>eau- 
tiful  and  excellent  location  selected  by  Mr.  Wood  was  completely 
over.'^liad()Wed  1>V  that  ein'oved  bv  his  village.  Mr.  Win.  Ii4iss  con- 
gratulated  his  yount^  friend  and  hoped  he  would  nuike  of  his  town 
a  success,  but  lie  despaired  of  it  ever  amounting  to  much,  for,  as  he 
remaiked  to  the  Governor,  "  It's  too  near  Atlas." 

OTHEK    SETTLERS. 

In  IS21  there  also  cauw  to  the  county  James  McDomild,  who 
settled  opposite  Louisiana,  (»n  Sny  Islantl,  and  kept  a  ferry.  He 
opene«l  the  first  farm  on  the  road  betwei-ii  .Atlas  and  Louisiana,  l»ut 
flootlg  tlntwned  liim  out.  He  was  from  Wa.-hington  county,  N.  V., 
anil  his  family  consiste*!  of  himself,  wife  atul  four  daughters.  The 
next  spring  he  was  found  dead  at  his  ferry,  8nppo.*ed  to  have  been 
murdere<l.     .losepli  .Jackson  afterward  mairied  his  widow. 

In  the  tsummer  of  1821,  Garrett  \'an  Deusen  came  to  the  county 
and  settled  on  tiie  Illinois  river  near  the  old  Griggsvilie  Landing. 
He  was  the  first  settler  on  the  east  side  of  the  county  except  two 
transient  French  families,  who  had  located  some  distance  below. 
He  erected  the  secondhand-mill  in  the  county,  the  tirst  having  been 
put  up  by  Col.   lii.ss,  at  Atlas. 

THE    "SICKLY    SEASON." 

The  summer  of  1S21  sorely  trie*!  the  lioarts  of  the  sturdy  settlers 
in  ajid  alxtut  Atlas.  That  was  a  sickly  season  and  scarcely  a  family 
but  followed  some  of  its  meml)cr8  to  the  newly  made  cemetery, 
until  over  one-halt  the  entire  population  were  numbered  with  the 
dead.  The  jtrevailing  cause  of  the  visitation  of  such  a  calamity  to 
the  settlers  was  the  malaria  emanating  from  the  vegetable  dewiy  of 
the  newly  broken  {irairie  ami  the  decomposition  of  immense  quan- 
tities of  Msh  in  the  jxuids  below  the  town.  The  victims  of  this 
dreadful  malady  were  lai<l  in  cofKns  made  from  bass-wo<Kl  puncheons, 
holK)Wed  out  and  consigned  to  earth  in  a  grave  yard  near  Franklin's 
first  location,  and  about  400  yards  west  of  Shinn's.  The  bones  and 
dust  of  80  pers(»ns  now  lie  buried  there,  and  at  pre.«ient  there  is  not 
a  stone  or  head-boanl.  or  any  .-igns  whatever  of  it.s  being  a  cemetery. 
There  was  no  physician  nearer  than  Louisiana  during  this  scourge, 
and  with  this  fact,  and  taking  into  consideration  the  poor  facilities 
the  settlers  had  for  providing  for  and  nursing  the  sick,  it  remains 
no  wonder  that  so  many  died. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  203 

During  tliis  year  Col.  Ross  built  a  small  brick  house,  the  first  in 
the  county.  Two  years  afterward  he  erected  a  much  larger  brick 
structure  adjoining  it.  * 

FIRST    PUBLIC    IMPROVEMENTS. 

This  year  also  the  first  court-house  in  the  county  was  built. 
Daniel  Shinn  took  the  contract  for  cutting  and  hauling  the  logs,  at 
$6,  and  for  $26  he  got  out  the  puncheons  and  finished  the  building. 
It  was  completed  without  nails  or  iron  in  any  shape.  It  was  16  by 
18  feet  in  dimensions,  with  one  door  and  two  windows,  the  door  on 
the  east  side,  one  window  on  the  south  side  and  another  on  the  west 
side;  desks  made  of  puncheons;  chimney  outside;  and  the  clap- 
boards of  the  roof  held  on  with  weight-poles  and  knees.  There 
were  no  trees  around  the  house,  but  plenty  of  hazel-brush  in  the 
vicinity. 

This  year  the  first  school  was  taught  in  the  county,  by  John  Jay 
Ross,  son  of  Capt.  Leonard  Ross.  It  was  kept  in  the  court-house, 
and  the  names  of  his  pupils  were,  so  far  as  remembered,  Orlando, 
Charlotte,  Schuyler,  Mary  Emily  and  Elizabeth  Ross,  Benjamin, 
John,  Eliza  and  Pho3be  Shinn,  John  Webb,  Frederick  and  Eliza 
Franklin,  Jeremiah  and  William  Tungate,  James,  Laura  and  Nancy 
Sprague.  James  W.  Whitney  taught  the  next  school,  which  was 
also  at  Atlas. 

A    FEW    MORE    OF    THE    EARLIEST    PILGRIMS. 

About  this  time  Dexter  Wheelock  and  wife  settled  at  Atlas,  where 
for  a  time  he  kept  a  hotel  and  a  general  store.  He  had  been  a 
drummer  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  an  active  and  generous  man. 
He  died  many  years  ago,  and  his  son,  John  G.  Wheelock,  has  been 
a  prominent  citizen  of  the  county. 

The  spring  of  1822  two  brothers  named  Buchanan  settled  at  "Big 
Spring."  A  Mr.  Allen  (father  of  Lewis)  came  to  the  county  this 
year,  and  was  probably  the  first  settler  in  the  neighborhood  of  IVlil- 
ton.  His  wife  was  a  sister  of  the  celebrated  Daniel  Boone.  An 
old  gentleman  named  Clemmons  also  settled  about  this  time  near 
Milton,  where  his  sons  now  reside.  Joel  Moore,  now  living  two 
miles  north  of  Pittsfield,  on  Bay  creek,  was  the  first  settler  on  that 
stream. 

This  year  Mr.  Franklin  sold  out  his  place  near  Atlas,  to  Col. 
Ross,  for$30  or  $40,  and  removed  to  a  ])ointa  little  south  of  Pitts- 
field,  where  Mr.  Allen  now  lives;  he  sold  out  here  again  ere  long 
to  Mr.  Goodin,  and  located  near  Milton,  on  a  prairie  called  after 
him,  "  Franklin's  Prairie;"  and  this  home  too  he  subsequentlj^  sold, 
removing  this  time  to  Perry.     He  died  in  Milton  in  1878. 

Mr.  Hoskins  (father  of  John)  came  to  the  county  soon  after  the 
Ross  family. 

FIRST    WHITE    CHILD    BORN    IN    THE    COUNTY. 

The  first  white  person  born  in  this  county  was  Nancy  Ross, 
daughter  of  Col.  Wm.  Ross,  born  May  1,  1822.     She  died  Nov.  18 


204  HISTORY    OK    IMKE    COUNTY. 

of  the  same  year  at  Atlas.  Some  say,  however,  that  there  was  a 
white  person  horn  in  this  county  some  time  previous  to  this;  Ijow 
true  that  is  we  cannot  state  antlioritatively. 

TRIP    TO    I.OUISIA.NA. 

The  first  settlers  sutlered  much  from  want  (if  provision,  as  well  as 
from  the  litneliness  of  their  wiKlerness  homes.  Durini;  the  year 
1822,  Franklin  and  Shinn,  <jjettiiig  out  of  provisions,  starleil  to  Lou- 
isiana for  a  suppi}'.  On  arriving  at  the  river  they  gave  the  cus- 
tomary signal  for  the  ferryman  to  coino  over  after  them,  hut  could 
not  make  liim  hear.  Heing  strong  and  fearless  they  undiMto(»k  to 
swim  the  great  river,  even  with  their  clothing  on.  They  hutfeted 
the  waves  well  for  a  time,  and  made  good  progress,  hut  untortu- 
nately  Mr.  Shii\n  took  the  cramp,  and  cjime  near  drowning,  and 
would  have  drowned  if  it  had  not  heen  for  his  C4»mj)anionV  pres- 
ence of  mind.  Franklin,  hy  heating  him,  got  him  out  of  the  cramp: 
In  urtler  to  make  further  progn*ss,  however,  they  were  compelled 
to  divest  themselves  of  their  clothing.  After  a  long,  hard  and  dan- 
^rous  struggle  they  finallv  lande«l  upon  the  Missouri  shore,  ah<jut 
three-ijuarters  of  a  mile  ih'Iow  town,  hut  void  of  clothing.  They 
njade  tln'ir  presence  known,  Intwever,  ari<l  wen*  sixdi  furnished  with 
clothing. 

CRIMINAL  DROWNED. 

During  this  same  yciir(1822)a  man  hy  the  name  of  Franklin, 
not  El>enezer,  stole  a  gun  from  a  Mr.  Hume.  In  unikingaway  with 
it  in  his  haste  he  was  unfortunate  enough  to  lose  it  while  swimming 
McCiee's  creek.  lie  was  juirsued,  caught,  ajid  in  a  very  summary 
trial  hefore  (Jol.  lioss,  Justice  of  the  I'eiice,  wa>  sentenced  to  have 
25  lashes  laid  upon  his  bare  back.  This  punishment  l)eing  inflicted 
(and  we  are  told  he  l)ore  it  nobly),  he  was  given  his  lil)crty.  He 
soon  Committed  another  crime,  however,  wiu*  CAu;;ht,  hut  l>r(»ke  from 
custotly.  The  pioneers  were  full  t;f  pluck,  and  when  they  set  out  to 
accomplish  anything  they  generally  did  it,  at  whatever  price.  He 
was  tracked  to  Fort  E<lwards  (now  Warsaw)  and  again  captured. 
They  had  no  jail  or  place  to  confine  such  a  cunning  fellow  with  any 
safety;  so  it  was  «letermine<l  to  send  him  to  the  jail  at  Kdwardsville. 
ConsUible  Farr  and  John  Wood  (e.\-Governor)  to<»k  charge  of  him 
to  convey  him  to  Edwanlsville,  Knowing  he  would  take  advan- 
tage of  every  opportunity  to  escape,  they  lashed  him  to  the  hack  of 
a  mule,  by  tying  his  feet  underneath.  They  cjime  to  a  creek  on 
their  journey,  and  the  young  man  thinking  that  an  excellent  oppor- 
tunity to  escape,  plunged  in,  even  agiiinst  the  threatenings  of  his 
escort.  He  heeded  them  not,  but  yelled  back  that  he  would  "go  to 
h — 1  and  kick  the  gate  open  for  them."  The  water  was  high  and 
before  the  mule  had  reached  the  farther  shore  he  went  down  be- 
neath the  waves,  carrying  with  him  his  rider.  Both  were  drowned. 
Franklin's  lx)dy  was  rescued  and  buried  upon  the  bank  of  the  creek. 
When  Messrs.  Farr  and  Wood  returned  to  Atlas,  Col.  Ross  asked 


IlISTOKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  205 

them  where  their  prisoner  was,  Uiey  had  returned  so  quickly.  "  Oh, 
we've  drowned  him,"  was  their  indifferent  reply.  "You  have  to 
account  for  him  in  some  way  according  to  law,  you  know,"  said  Col. 
Ross.  "Oh,  yes,"  they  attain  replied,  "we've  drowned  him." 
Franklin's  bones  were  some  time  afterward  taken  up  and  wired  to- 
gether by  Dr.  Vandeventer,  and  the  skeleton  is  now  in  the  posses- 
sion of  his  familv  at  Versailles,  III. 

mSSKLL,  HUSONG,  NICIIOLA.S  AND  MATTHEWS. 

In  1823  Alfred  Bissell  came  to  the  county  and  located  at  New 
Hartford,  or  rather,  nearly  a  mile  north  of  the  present  town.  Mr. 
Bissell  raised  the  first  a]iples  in  Pike  county.  He  finally  sold  out 
to  a  ]Vrr.  Brown,  some  of  whose  family  still  reside  upon  the  place. 
Daniel  Ilusong  came  to  the  county  the  same  year,  also  an  old 
man  by  the  name  of  Nicholas,  who  was  the  first  settler  near  High- 
land. Another  gentleman,  Mr.  John  Matthews,  who  was  consid- 
erably advanced  in  life,  the  father  of  B.  L.  Matthews,  and  the 
grandfather  of  Col.  Matthews,  came  and  located  north  of  Griggs 
ville. 

After  this  period  settlers  came  in  ra]fldly,  and  it  is  quite  impos- 
sible for  us  to  note  the  ad\ent  of  each  one.  That  will  be  done  to  a 
very  great  extent  in  our  township  histories. 

FIRST  FOURTH-OF-JULY  CELEBRATION. 

The  first  Fourth-of-July  celebration  ever  held  in  Pike  county, 
and  probably  in  the  Military  Tract,  was  held  at  Atlas  in  1823. 
Col.  Ross  thus  speaks  of  jt  in  a  letter  written  at  the  time  to  a 
friend  in  the  East, which  is  still  preserved:  "July  4,  1823. — The 
first  celebration  of  the  Fourth  of  July  was  held  in  Atlas,  Pike 
county.  111.  Oration  delivered  by  Nicholas  Hanson,  of  Albany, 
N.  Y.  The  Declaration  of  Independence  was  read.  There  was  an 
audience  of  about  fifty  persons,  who  afterward  partook  of  an  excel- 
lent dinner  ])repared  by  Rufus  Brown  at  his  tavern.  The  audience 
marched  in  procession  after  dinner.  A  jolly  good  time  was  had 
drinking  toasts,  etc.,  and  'all  went  merry  as  a  marriage  bell;'  this 
being  the  first  celebration  ever  held  in  Pike  county,  or  in  this  Mil- 
itary Tract." 

This  Rufus  Brown,  spoken  of,  subsequently  removed  to  Quincy, 
where  he  built  a  log  house  on  the  lot  where  the  Quincy  House  now 
stands.  After  living  in  Quincy  for  a  time,  he  pulled  up  and  moved 
further  West,  and  has  since  died. 

FIRST    JAIL    AND    VISIT    OF    THE    INDIANS. 

1824. — This  year  the  first  jail  at  Atlas  was  built.  Daniel 
Husonff  hewed  the  lo<;s  and  Daniel  Shinn  did  most  of  the  work  on 
the  building.  The  door  was  four  inches  thick.  Wrought  spikes 
were  used,  and  for  hinges  bars  were  employed  which  were  as  thick 
as  a  man's  arm.     The  only  window  was  a  hole  about  the  size  of  a 


206  nisTOKv  OF  pike  count  v. 

pane  of  ^lass.  The  logs  were  a  foot  square  and  *'  scotclied  "  down, 
and  tlie  place  for  ushering  in  ])ri8oner8  was  in  the  roof.  It  was  a 
ffood  jail,  however, — even  better,  s»»ino  tliiiik,  than  the  jail  at 
Pittsfield  some  years  ago.  The  old  Atlas  jail  huilding  is  still  in 
existence,  but  has  been  removed  to  near  the  Levee  and  is  consider- 
ably dilaj)idated. 

This  year  oM  Keokuk  ami  oOO  of  his  men,  on  their  way  to  light 
Indians  below  8t.  Ltuiis,  stoj)|>e<l  on  the  8ny  near  Atlas,  over  night, 
and  had  a  war  dance.  They  hatl  sent  to  the  whites  at  Atlas  a 
notice  in  advance  that  they  inteniled  them  no  harm.  Keokuk  was 
a  fine-looking  man,  it  is  said,  while  lilaek  Hawk,  who  also  fre- 
quently visited  this  region,  was  rather  a  small  man,  with  one  eye. 

FIE8T    MALK    CHILD    llOKN    IN    THK    COUNTY. 

Nov.  11.  Is24,  Marcellus  Iloss  was  born,  a  son  to  Col.  Wm. 
lioss  at  Atlas,  tlje  first  white  male  chihl  boiil  in  Pike  county.  It 
is  stated,  however,  in  Mr.  (irimshaw's  historical  sketch,  that  a  son 
to  Ebeiiezer  Franklin  was  born  before  this,  and  still  others  say 
that  a  son  was  burn  before  ^his  date  in  the  family  of  Mr.  Ward.  In 
the  proceedings  of  the  Old  Settlers'  Association  it  is  stated  that 
Rev.  John  IIo|)kins,  of  New  Hartford,  was  born  in  Pike  county 
May  30,  1822;  that  he  attended  school  at  Atlas  when  there  were 
but  five  scholars,  and  that  he  bound  alter  the  first  reaper  in  the 
county.  In  Jidy,  1836,  Col.  William  Uoss  ajid  family  removed  to 
Pittsfield,  where  he  remained  until  his  death,  and  where  Marcellus 
still  resides. 

• 

on..    BAKNKY. 

In  ls26  there  came  to  Atlas,  from  Berkshire,  Mass.,  that  eminent 
man.  Col.  Benjamin  Barney,  who  still  survives,  residing  at  Barry. 
He  "was  a  man  of  great  physical  powers,  of  strong  natural  sense, 
benevolerit,  patriotic,  not  learned  in  book  lore,  but  wise  in  that 
which  made  him  a  leader  in  trying  times;  was  sober,  industrious 
and  always  at  his  post.  His  tales  of  early  adventure  are  marvelous, 
and  yet  undoubtedly  true." — Grimshaw.  He  was  born  in  Septem- 
ber, 179"),  emigrated  first  to  Sandusky,  O.,  and  afterward  was  one 
of  the  first  live  settlers  in  Seneca  county  in  that  State.  In  Ohio 
he  married  Minerva  Harris,  who  died  in  1849.  He  was  the  first 
blacksmith  in  Pike  county,  and  probably  the  first  in  the  whole 
Military  Tract.  He  made  the  first  plow  ever  made  in  this  county, 
and  was  for  a  long  time  known  as  "  the  c^junty  blacksmith."  He 
was  induced  to  stop  at  Atlas  mainly  on  account  of  his  being  offered 
the  position  of  Deputy  Sheriff  by  Capt.  Ross,  the  newly  elected 
Sheriff.  Col.  Bartiey  bore  a  prominent  part  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war,  and  his  life  has  all  along  been  so  identified  with  the  history 
of  Pike  county  that  his  name  will  occur  frequently  in  this  volume. 


^ 


^. 


•*^. 


V, 


\ 


15 


W 


/^^y^ 


^"T^YX^i 


BARRY 


/^ 


r 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  209 

COT.,  barney's  trip  to  CARROLLTON. 

During  this  age  of  quick  transit  we  often  speak  of  mail  "  facili- 
ties," but  for  pioneer  times  it  would  be  more  appropriate  to  say 
mail  '' difRciilties."  It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  it  cost  25  cents 
for  the  early  ])ilgrlms  who  came  to  this  country  to  get  a  letter  from 
their  friends  in  the  East  or  South,  and  then  the  mails  came  only  at 
long  intervals.  Col.  Barney  relates  a  bit  of  experience  as  a  mail- 
carrier  in  early  day,  which  is  quite  thrilling. 

There  had  been  no  mail  received  at  Atlas  for  about  six  weeks. 
The  [Uinois  river  was  high,  and  filled  with  running  ice  so  that  it 
was  impossible  to  cross  it  with  any  degree  of  safety.  Capt.  lioss 
was  postmaster  at  Atlas,  the  only  place  in  the  county  where  there 
was  a  postoffice,  and  he  as  well  as  the  other  settlers  were  exceed- 
ingly anxious  to  get  the  mail  from  Carrollton,  the  point  from 
which  the  Pike  county  mail  was  brought.  Carrollton  is  on  the  east 
side  of  the  river  and  40  miles  distant  from  Atlas.  Postnuister 
Ross  had  made  liberal  offers  to  induce  some  one  to  go  after  the 
mail,  but  none  had  yet  succeeded  in  getting  it.  The  six  dollars  he 
had  offered  was  a  great  motiv'e,  and  at  least  three  men  at  different 
times  had  attempted  the  trip,  but  could  get  no  further  than  the 
Illinois  river,  and  would  return  discouraged.  At  last,  becoming 
exceedingly  anxious  to  hear  from  the  outside  world,  Mr.  Koss  made 
the  very  liberal  offer  of  ten  dollars  to  any  one  who  would  carry  the 
mail  to  Carrollton  and  return  \rith  the  mail  from  that  point.  This 
offer  was  made  Saturday  night,  and  Col.  Barney  resolved  to  attempt 
to  win  the  prize.  It  must  be  remembered  that  in  those  primitive 
times  ten  dollars  was  considered  a  large  amount  of  money;  and  the 
Colonel  said,  when  he  returned  and  got  his  money,  that  he  felt  as 
though  he  was  rich  enough  to  start  a  bank. 

]\lr.  Barney  was  up  before  day  Sunday  morning  getting  ready 
for  the  trip.  His  wife  prepared  a  lunch  of  corn-cake  and  venison 
for  him  to  take  with  him  and  eat  upon  the  way;  but  unfortunately 
he  forgot  it  when  he  left  home.  He  had  traveled  but  a  few  miles 
ere  it  began  to  snow.  The  large  flakes  began  to  fall  thicker  and 
faster,  and  the  wind  began  to  blow  and  soon  the  storming  elements 
were  raging  around  him  with  great  fury.  He  quickened  the  pace 
of  his  horse  and  finally  arrived  at  the  Illinois  river  at  a  point 
where  there  had  been  a  ferry  and  where  he  intended  to  cross.  The 
man  who  had  conducted  the  terry  had  recently  died,  leaving  a 
family  of  wife  and  several  small  children.  They  lived  in  a  rude 
cabin  upon  the  western  bank  of  the  river;  the  widowed  mother 
lay  sick  and  near  death's  door;  they  were  without  medicine,  food 
or  care,  and  suft'ering  untold  misery.  The  Colonel  ]>ut  his  horse 
in  the  smoke-house  attached  to  the  cabin,  which  was  so  small  that 
the  horse  could  not  turn  around  in  it.  He  then  hired  a  lad  who 
was  there  at  this  time  to  assist  him  over  the  river.  After  much 
difficulty  he  readied  the  eastern  bank  and  started  oft'  on  his  trij)  to 
Carrollton  on  foot. 

14 


210  HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY. 

The  Atlas  iiuiil  was  sinull,  yet  he  found  threat  difficulty  in  making 
his  way  thnuigh  thedeejt  snow.      He  at  last  reached  his  destination, 

{rot  the  mail  and  started  homeward.  iU-fore  leavin«^  Carrollttui, 
lowevcr,  he  called  ujkui  the  doctor  and  reported  the  coM<lition 
of  the  Woman  at  the  ferry.  The  physician  said  he  had  heen 
down  to  the  river  two  or  three  times  on  his  way  to  visit  her  but 
coukl  not  ^t  over,  and  had  concluded  that  she  was  dead.  Ilepive 
the  ('olojiel  Some  medicine  for  her,  and  the  kind  lady  at  the  post- 
otHce  <;ave  liim  a  lar<;e  packa;;e  of  provisions  alscj  to  take  to  the 
distressed  woman.  This  packaj^e  wei<rhed  ahout  1()  pounds,  and 
with  tlie  mail,  which  was  «jnite  larire  and  consisted  mostly  of  mili- 
tary matter,  he  started  on  toot  for  the  river.  It  was  dusk  when  he 
arrived  in  the  river  Intttoin.  To  add  to  the  already  ^reat  jieril  in 
which  he  found  himself,  a  large  pack  of  wolves,  ahout  50  in  num- 
l>er,  ftdlowed  him,  s«une  ot  them  yelping  furiously.  The  hohh'r 
ones  Would  appn)ach  closely  and  gnarl  at  the  lone  footman,  whoni 
they  were  eager  to  imike  a  meal  of.  lie  would  frighten  them  <»tr 
by  slap|>ing  his  han«ls  on  the  mail-bags,  nuiking  a  loud,  sharp 
noise.  This  he  did  repeatedly,  and  perhaj»s  it  was  the  ordy  way  lie 
Could  get  througli  safely,  as  he  had  no  lire-arms  or  weaj>ons  of  any 
kind,  lie  n'ache<l  the  river  only  to  tind  difficulties  nn»re  compli- 
cate«l:  he  could  not  get  over.  He  hallooed,  but  in  vain.  He  got 
into  an  <»ld  boat  which  lay  fastened  in  the  ice  out  from  the  shore, 
and  lay  «lown.  thinking  he  would  be  c<)mpelle<l  to  remain  there 
duriiii^  the  night.  He  so<»n  found  himself  shivering  with  cold, 
and  Would  certaiidy  freeze  to  death  if  he  remained  there  longer. 
He  an»use<l  himself,  got  a  j^Mile  and  tinally  worked  his  way  over  the 
river,  fn»m  cake  to  cake  of  the  tiouting  ice,  th«>ugh  a  dangerous  task 
it  Was.  He  remainiKi  over  night  at  the  cabin  ami  gave  the  widow 
the  me<licine  ami  provision  sent  her.  These  relieved  her  present 
wants,  but  slie  continued  to  decline,  and  shortly  afterward  dieil. 

The  Colonel  at  last  reache<l  Atlas,  with  the  long-looke<l-for  imiil. 
He  made  the  settlers  joyous  with  the  letters  brought  from  their 
friends  an<l  was  himselt  made  happy  by  the  receipt  of  ten  dollars, 
which  he  had  certjiinly  well  wirned. 

DROWNINft    OK    JAMES    WARP 

In  the  .spring  of  1^20,  James  Wani,  vvh<t  haa  kittled  about  four 
miles  south  of  Atlas  near  8i.\- -Mile  creek,  and  whose  farm  lay  ])artly 
on  the  blutl'  ami  partly  in  the  bottom,  made  a  trip  to  Fort  Clark, 
now  Peoria,  and  other  settlements  in  that  direction  in  com]»any 
with  Col.  I^iss,  on  an  electioneering  tour,  or  to  view  some  land. 
On  arriving  at  Crooked  creek  on  their  return,  just  above  a  drift  of 
flood- wood,  Mr.  Ward  ventured  to  cross,  but  was  drowned.  Mr. 
Ross,  thus  left  in  a  wilderness  with  the  shades  of  night  fast  hover- 
ing around  him,  and  the  gloom  cast  over  him  by  the  loss  of  his 
companion,  wandered  on  down  the  stream,  not  daring  to  cross  and 
not  desiring  to  stop.  Soon  he  saw  a  light  in  the  diststnce  and  fol- 
lowed on  down  until  he  came  to  the  cabin  of  a  lone  hunter.     Here 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  211 

he  was  taken  in,  provided  for  and  kept  for  the  night.  In  tlie 
morning  the  body  was  recovered  and  bnried  upon  the  bank.  The 
horse  had  made  the  shore  and  was  found  fastened  to  a  tree  by  liis 
bridle  being  caught  in  a  limb.  A  year  or  so  afterward  the  bones 
of  the  drowned  man  were  taken  up  and  re  interred  with  Masonic 
honors. 

COL.    ROSS'    KEEL-BOAT. 

In  1826  Col.  Ross  built  a  keel-boat  called  "The  Basket,"  which 
was  hauled  down  to  the  Sny  and  launchetl.  It  would  hold  about  50 
tons,  and  in  this  craft  the  Colonel  shipped  the  produce  of  the 
neighborhood,  as  beef,  pork,  hides,  etc.  He  used  to  pack  about  400 
head  of  ^cattle  every  season.  Dressed  beef  was  only  two  and  a  half 
cents  a  pound.  Dealers  had  the  hide  and  tallow  as  their  reward 
for  killing  and  dressing.  They  sold  their  beef  in  the  South,  New 
Orleans  generally,  for  five  dollars  a  barrel,  tallow  ten  cents  a  pound, 
dry  hides  five  cents,  andgreen  hides  two  and  a  half  cents  a  pound. 
To  get  their  boats  over  sand-bars  they  would  unload  th6  barrels, 
roll  them  over  the  bars  and  then  reload.  On  one  trip  it  required 
one  whole  day  to  get  over  a  distance  of  twelve  miles. 

A    FEW    OCCURRENCES    OF    1826. 

Capt.  Hale,  a  Missionary  Baptist  minister,  came  to  the  county  in 
the  summer  ol»1826,  but  at  this  time  several  other  ministers  were 
also  preaching  in  Pike  county,  as  Messrs.  Garrison,  Medford  and 
Lewis  Allen.  Mr.  Medford  was  a  smart  man,  and  had  a  circuit 
extending  from  Rushville  to  some  point  in  Calhoun  county.  Capt. 
Hale  probably  organized  the  first  Baptist  Church  in  the  county. 

This  year  also  the  first  store  building  in  the  county  was  erected, 
by  Col.  Ross  at  Atlas.  It  was  built  of  hewed  logs,  and  in  dimen- 
sions was  3  6  feet  square.  The  principal  part  of  a  merchant's  stock 
those  days  was  whisky. 

In  the  fall  of  1826  the  first  whisky  made  in  the  county  was  man- 
ufactured by  Mr.  Milhizcr,  a  Pennsylvania  Dutchman,  although  it 
is  also  claimed  that  Mr.  Blair,  spoken  of  a  little  further  on,  erected 
the  first  distillery;  but  his  distillery  was  erected  in  1829  or  1830. 
Mr.  Milhizcr  made  but  one  barrel  of  whisky. 

Soon  after  his  arrival  Col.  Ross  put  up  a  band-mill  by  which  he 
could  grind  four  or  five  bushels  a  day,  but  he  soon  built  a  larger 
mill  which,  with  four  good  horses,  would  grind  from  25  to  30  bush- 
els a  day.  Settlers  from  even  25  miles  above  Quincy  used  to  come 
to  this  mill.  Good  fine  flour,  however,  was  brought  from  Cincin- 
nati, O.,  but  this  costly  article  was  used  only  on  occasion  of  visits 
from  friends,  or  on  Sunday  when  the  family  thought  they  could  stand 
the  expense  of  such  a  luxury.  For  most  of  their  milling  at  this 
period  the  settlers  in  this  section  went  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.  There 
was  no  Alton  then. 

The  first  coal  burned  in  Pike  county  was  from  Pittsburg,  Pa., 
and  used  by  Benj.  Barney  in  his  blacksmith  shop  in  1826.     During 


212  HISTORY    uF    I'IKE   COUNTY. 

tlie  snimncr  of  1827  there  was  a  great  deal  of  rain,  and  tlie  stroanis 
rose  lii<;lier  than  they  ever  did  alterward  until  1851,  TheSny  Carte 
was  naviirjihje  for  steam-boats  at  least  as  far  up  as  Atlas,  as  Col. 
Ross  proved  to  the  astonishment  of  many.  lie  had  three  steam- 
boats in  his  service,  and  one  of  them  in  j>articuhir,  the  "Mechanic," 
came  up  to  a  |K)int  directly  o])posite  Atlas.  It.'^  an-ival  was  an- 
nounced by  the  tiring  of  guns. 

The  tirst  wiieat  raised  in  Pike  county  was  raised  this  year  by  Col. 
Ross  and  Mr.  Seeley,  and  it  was  also  the  tirst  wlieat  ground  witlua 
the  limits  of  the  county. 

This  year  came  Benjamin  B.  Barney,  no  relation  of  Coi.  Barney. 
Endeavoring  to  trace  their  relationship  one  day  the  Colonel  said  he 
was  from  ^lassachusetts,  wlien  Benjnnnn  B.  rcjdied  with  an  oath, 
"Oh,  if  you  are  a  Yankee  you  are  no  connection  of  mine."  This 
Benjamin  B.  jiarney  l)ought  Col.  Ross'  horse-mill  nnd  kept  it  a 
long  time,  probably  unlil  it  was  W(»rn  out  or  finally  abandoned. 

»  1S27. 

In  the  vicinity  of  Atlas,  Henry  Long,  from  Baltimore  city,  settled 
about  the  year  1827.  During  a  residence  of  many  years,  until  his 
decease  on  his  furm,  he  was  a  useful  citi;;en  and  upright  man.  lie 
reared  a  second  numerous  family'  of  intelligent  and  e<iucated  chil- 
dren. His  son,  Jesse  I/jng,  has  Iwen  a  Supervisor  of  Atlas  town- 
ship, ami  resides  on  the  old  luimestead  of  his  father.  Nathan  Wat- 
son, now  living  about  five  miles  south  of  BittsHeld  with  his  son  Job, 
»ime  to  the  county  in  1827.  During  this  yejir  or  some  time  pre- 
viously, there  came  to  Atlas,  James  .M.  Sceley,  who  was  for  12  years 
(1828 — '40)  noted  aj»  the  honest,  easy  Siierilf  of  Pike  county.  It 
was  his  duty  to  collect  revenue.  If  a  man  was  not  ready  to  pay  his 
tax,  Seeley  j)aid  it  and  trusted  him.  Mr.  S.  had  a  numerfMis  family, 
of  whom  Dr.  K.  M.  Seeley,  who  was  a  surgeon  during  the  late  war, 
was  i>ne;  another  was  Dr.  David  Seeley,  who  w:i>  .iti  early  settler 
of  Texas,  where  he  died. 

1828. 

Among  tiie  many  prominent  citizens  now  living  who  came  to  the 
county  in  1828,  was  James  Ross,  who  introduce<l  and  used  the  first 
cradle  in  the  county  for  cutting  wheat.  It  was  a  great  curiosity  to 
the  pioneers,  but  a  fanjiliar  thing  to  him,  as  he  was  from  Pennsyl- 
vania wliere  cradles  were  common.  He  eqiiijtped  and  ran  the  first 
turner's  lathe  and  cai)inet-£hop  in  Pike  county.  This  shop  was  in 
one  end  of  the  first  clerk's  oflice  building  in  Atlas.  His  shop  was 
burned  out  here.  He  is  now  closing  his  long  and  eventtul  life  in 
Pittstield.  iLven  when  he  was  60  years  of  age  he  was  a  fine  dancer 
and  could  whistle  almost  eijual  to  the  flute.  It  has  always  been 
interesting  to  hear  him  tell  stories  of  pioneer  times. 

This  year  a  saw  and  grist  mill  was  built  at  It^tckport  by  James 
McMurphy  and  sort,  who  used  limestones  for  burrs.     They  also  built 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTi'.  213 

a  flat-boat  wliicli  tliej  ran  to  Galena  in  tlieir  trade.  At  this  time 
tliere  were  but  three  steam-boats  on  the  Mississij)]il  river. 

Tiiis  vear  Wm.  ^[ontgonicrv  Blair,  a  New-Lii^lit  minister,  came 
with  his  family  to  Kinderhook.  His  son  Montijomerv,  now  livin<^ 
at  ]^)arrv,  was  then  19  years  of  a^je.  The  family  emiirrated  oriiri- 
nallj  from  Kentucky  to  Ohio,  then  to  Indiana  and  lastly  to  tliis 
county.  When  they  arrived  here,  however,  they  found  that  several 
otlier  families  had  preceded  tliem  in  this  part  of  the  county,  namely, 
an  old  hermit  named  Peter  Harper,  a  refugee  from  justice,  having 
come  here  from  Indiana,  He  was  at  Kinderhook.  To  the  north 
of  where  Barry  now  stands  were  David  Edwards  and  Edward 
Earle,  and  to  the  south  lived  Samuel  Gary,  on  section  30,  then  the 
Jackson  family  and  ]Mr.  Howard  and  John  Milhizer.  Harper  lived 
at"  Kinderhook  uutil  his  death. 

Mr.  Blair  built  the  first  log  cabin  at  Kinderhook,  and  the  next 
year  he  huilt  the  first  mill  in  this  part  of  the  county,  and  also  a  dis- 
tillery, which  is  said  by  some  to  be  the  first  in  the  county.  Although 
this  gentleman  made  considerable  whisky,  the  distillery  had  finally 
to  be  abandoned  on  account  of  there  not  bein^  gi-ain  enough  raised 
in  the  country  to  make  the  business  pa}'.  lie  sometimes  made  as 
high  as  two  or  three  barrels  of  whisky  per  day  by  a  process  known 
as  "  steam  distilling."  Wheat  at  this  time  was  only  three  "bits  " 
a  bushel,  and  Mr.  Blair  kept  a  stock  on  hand  for  two  or  three  years 
waiting  for  a  better  market.  Milling  was  so  difficult  to  obtain  that 
several  days  were  generally  wasted  by  jiersevering  parties  lingering 
around  the  mill  to  see  that  their  grist  was  ground  in  its  proper 
turn,  or  in  frequent  visits  to  the  mill.  At  this  period  beef  and 
pork  were  only  one  and  a  half  cents  a  pound.  A  large  three-year- 
old  steer  would  brinar  only  ten  dollars. 

About  this  period  Beuj.  Matthews,  a  lad  of  18  years,  settled  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  county. 

1829    AND    ONWAUD. 

By  this  time  the  immigrants  had  become  sd  numerous  and  tho 
events  of  history  so  coinplicated  that  they  cannot  be  very  well 
grouped  by  years  either  in  the  memories  of  old  settlers  or  in  writ- 
ten histor}'. 

The  second  conrt-honse  was  built  in  1829  by  Elijah  Petty  and 
Col,  Ross,  contractors,  at  a  cost  of  $<>50.  About  this  time  the 
clerk's  office  building  was  erected  in  Atlas,  It  was  a  double  log 
building,  and  one  end  was  occupied  by  James  Ross  as  a  cabinet 
shop.  This  building  was  totally  destroyed  by  Are  one  ni^ht  duriii": 
the  winter  of  the  big  snow,  as  referred  to  further  on.  Many  of  the 
earliest  records  were  thus  lost,  and  many  others  would  have 
been  burned  but  for  the  great  exertions  and  braver}'  of  Mr,  James 
Ross. 

John  Barney,  now  residing  at  Pittstield,  is  a  brother  of  Col.  Benj. 
Barney,  and  came  to  the  county  in  1830.  Soon  after  the  county- 
seat  was  removed  to  Pittsfield,  Mr.  John  Barney  was  elected  treas- 


214 


HISTORY    OF    riKK    COUNTY. 


urer,  wliicli  office  lie  tilled  with  lidellty  for  a  luiinber  ot  years.  All 
the  money  raiseil  aiul  e.xpeiuied  tor  the  construction  of  the  ])re8ent 
court-house  and  the  tirst  Pittstield  jail  passed  through  his  hands. 
It  beii)^  once  charged  that  he  was  a  little  behind  with  the  |tul)lic 
funds,  an  investigation  was  instituteti,  which  resulted  in  showing  that 
instead  of  his  being  in  tlebt  to  the  county,  the  county  was  owing  him 
over  a  hundred  dollars. 

P^iehling  Hanks  settled   in  Pike  county  in   1830,  and  was  proba- 
bly the  tirst  tanner  here. 


CHAPTER  II. 
EARLY  SETTLEMENT— CONTINUED. 

THE  WINTER  OF  THE  BIG  SNOW. 

We  now  come  to  the  winter  of  tlie  deep  snow,  1830-'!.  The  snow 
■of  that  winter  commenced  falling  Nov.  10,  and  did  not  all  go  away 
nntil  the  following  April,  yet  the  largest  fall  of  snow  did  not  begin 
until  the  29th  of  December.  This  was  the  heaviest  snow  that  ever 
fell  in  Illinois  within  the  memory  of  the  oldest  settler  of  this  part 
of  the  State.  According  to  the  traditions  of  the  Indians  as  related 
to  the  pioneers,  a  snow  fell  from  50  to  75  years  before  the  settle- 
ment by  the  white  people,  which  swept  away  the  numerous  herds  of 
buffalo  and  elk  that  roamed  over  the  vast  prairies  at  that  time. 
This  ti-adition  was  verified  by  the  large  number  of  bones  of  these 
animals  found  in  different  localities  on  the  prairies  when  first  visited 
by  the  whites.  The  deej)  snow  is  one  of  the  landmarks  of  the  pio- 
neer. He  reckons,  in  giving  dates  of  early  occurrences,  so  many 
years  before  or  so  many  after  the  deep  snow.  He  calculates  the 
date  of  his  coming,  his  marriage  and  birth  of  his  children  from  it, 
and  well  might  it  make  a  lasting  im])ression  upon  their  minds. 

In  the  northern  portion  of  the  county  the  snow  at  first  was  about 
three  feet  deep  on  a  level,  and  as  it  settled  a  crust  formed  on  the 
surface.  The  winter  was  also  unusually  cold,  and  this,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  snow  covering  the  mast  and  other  food  of  wild  animals, 
resulted  in  starving  and  freezing  to  death  most  of  the  game,  as  deer, 
wild  hogs  and  turkey.  The  deer,  indeed,  had  been  rendered  seai'ce 
by  the  sweeping  fires  of  the  preceding  autumn  which  the  Indians 
had  set  out.  After  all  this,  however,  thei-e  was  but  very  little  suf- 
feriiig  among  the  citizens  of  this  cou'nty.  They  had  plenty  of  meat 
and  hulled  corn,  and  with  this  sim])le  fare  they  were  content. 
What  wild  game  there  was  alive  in  the  forest  was  easily  caught,  on 
account  of  their  reduced  condition  and  the  depth  of  the  crusty  snow 
which  impeded  their  ])rogress  in  the  chase.  Col.  Ross  chased  down 
two  deer  with  a  horse,  and  caught  and  killed  them  by  hand.  The 
men  got  out  of  licpior,  however,  and  this  was  their  greatest  ])riva- 
tion;  but  their  suffering  on  this  account  was  probably  more  imagin- 
ary than  real.  On  the  18th  of  February  two  men  who  had  engaged 
to  chop  some  wood  for  Col.  Barney  backed  out  of  their  agreement 


216  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

when  they  found  he  hud  no  whisky.  Mr.  Harney,  recollecting^  that 
a  neiij;hl)or  owed  hin^  a  pint  of  whisky  on  a  bet  made  at  some  former 
time,  induced  the  men  toijo  to  work  by  otierint;:  tliem  a  treat.  Tiiis 
whisky  bein^  the  lai^t  in  the  neiirhborV  demiioim  had  somedrn<r  in 
it,  but  that  "tliil  not  hurt  the  litjuor  any,"  as  it  was  so  8C4irce  and 
costly,  it  bein^  wortii  ^1.25  a  gallon.  Clothintj  was  also  a  little 
Bcirce,  as  the  new  comers  into  tlie  new  country  had  but  very  few 
sheej).  For  mo.st  of  their  substantial  clothin;;  the  pioneers  of  these 
times  had  to  depend  upon  home-made  material. 

Ill  the  northern  j>art  of  the  county  the  sik)W  was  so  deep  as  to 
cover  the  ears  of  thcoutf-tandin<;  corn  ami  make  it  very  dilliciiit  to 
gather.  Joshua  AVottsiev,  wiio,  on  account  ot  the  two  preceding 
years  bein^  verv  favorabk',  inadvertently  let  ids  stock  of  corn  on 
uind  get  ijuite  low,  gave  men  three  bushels  a  day  for  picking 
corn;  and  it  was  surprising  how  much  ot'  the  article  these  hardy 
pioneers  would  gather  amid  such  surroundings.  Twenty  men  in 
four  days  gathered  2.500  bu.»hels. 

During  the  spring  a  treshetcame  with  the  melting  snow,and  the 
waters  «»f  the  Sny  uiulermined  the  mills  at  Kockp(»rt  so  that  they 
sank  down.  (\»1.  Ross  had  50  or  »'»o  men  ait  work  there  lu-arly  ail 
sjuing  tilling  up  the  places  washed  out. 

During  thi^  winter  the  clerk's  office  building  at  Atlas  wjis  burned 
down.  Col.  Uoss  first  discovered  fire  breaking  out  in  that  end  of 
the  structure  where  ".limmy"  Koss  had  his  cabinet-shop,  and  raised 
the  alarm;  but  the  wind  was  blowing  fiercely  and  nearly  all  was 
lost.  Xhis  building  was  not  more  than  five  rods  from  (Jol.  iiarney's 
residence,  and  he  and  "Jimmy"  succeeded  in  rei^cuing  some  of  the 
])aj)ers  and  records  of  the  office,  which  but  few  of  the  other  citizens 
sejMued  to  care  but  little  alxtut.  Many  such  things  grow  valuable 
with  the  lapse  of  time,  and  doubtless  many  more  papers  might  have 
been  saved  whicii  would  render  this  history  more  complete. 

The  year  ls31  was  also  marked  by  a  freeze  in  August  which 
nearly  ruine<l  the  ci»rn  crop  before  it  was  sufficiently  mature,  aiul  con- 
sequently the  tblhiwing  spring  the  farmers  had  to  seiul  to  Kentucky 
for  seed  ciMu.  paying  for  it  on  its  delivery  $3  a  bushel,  iioatscume 
up  the  river  about  (iiie  a  week, and  their  arrival  was  always  the  oc- 
casion of  joy  or  disajtpointment.  The  settlers,  however,  got  all  the 
seed  corn  they  wanted,  those  wiio  were  fluhh  being  willing  to  divide 
with  their  less  fortunate  neiglil>ors  and  trust  them,  depemling  upon 
the  success  of  their  next  crop  for  pay.  Shipping  on  the  Mi6sissi|)j)i 
at  this  period  was  limited  to  only  three  steam-boats  between  St. 
Louis  and  Galena,  aiul  whatever  freighting  was  done  by  Hat  and 
keel  boats,  which  were  poled,  rowed,  sailed,  cordelled  and  towed. 

THE  FIRST  NEGRO  SETTLERS. 

"Free  Frank,''  a  col»»red  man,  arrived  in  Hadley  townshij),  this 
county,  in  the  sj^ring  (»f  1^31,  with  his  wife  Lucy  and  three  chil- 
dren.    They  were  originally  from  Kentucky  and  had  spent  the  ]>re- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  217 

cedin<^  winter  in  Greene  county,  111.  This  famil}'  were  the  tirst 
settlers  in  that  township,  and  none  others  arrived  for  two  years. 
To  conform  t(»  tlie  custom  of  the  aj'e  the  Lcijislatiirc  j^ave  Free 
Frank  the  surname  of  McWorter,  and  he  was  ever  afterward 
known  as  Frank  ^[cWorter,  He  was  a  live,  enterprising  man,  and 
laid  out  tiie  town  of  New  Philadel))hia.  which  once  had  great 
promise  of  making  a  good  town,  lie  had  bought  liis  own  freedom 
and  that  uf  his  wife  and  many  of  his  children,  and  left  provision  in 
his  will  to  buy  grandchildren,  which  was  carried  out  by  his  son, 
Solomon  ^IcWorter.  Frank  died  about  the  year  1857,  at  77  3'ear8 
of  age.  His  wife  died  in  her  90th  year  in  1S71.  Mr.  McWorter 
was  born  in  North  Carolina,  his  wife  in  Yii^^inia.  They  were  both 
members  of  the  Baptist  Church  and  led  exemplary  lives.  By  in- 
dustry and  econoniN'  they  left  a  valuable  farm  to  their  heirs.  A 
large  and  respectable  settlement  of  their  descendants  now  exists 
around  the  old  home. 

In  1S32  or  1833  a  colored  man  came  to  the  southern  part  of  the 
county  known  by  the  name  of  "Bob,"  who  wanted  to  marry  a  white 
girl,  tlie  daughter  of  a  Mr.  Guernsey.  This  aroused  the  indignation 
of  the  wliitts,  and  as  soon  as  be  saw  tbe  citizens  after  him  he  took 
to  his  heels  and  ran  away  so  fast  that  "50  men  c»>uldn't  catch  him!" 

NUMEROUS  SETTLERS. 

Before  the  Black  Hawk  war  there  came  to  this  county,  settling 
in  various  parts,  besides  those  we  have  mentioned  and  many  others, 
Hawkins  Judd,  Geo.  W.  Ilinman,  Stephen  li.  Watson,  Garrett 
Van  Deusen,  Daniel  Clingensmith,  N.  E.  Quinby,  M.  Branson  and 
Horace  Ilorton.  Messrs.  Ilinman  and  Judd  were  County  Com- 
missioners with  Col.  Barney  when  they  bought  of  the  United  States 
for  S200  the  quarter  section  of  land  upon  which  Pittsfield  was 
located.  The}'  are  now  dead.  Mr.  Van  Deusen,  an  eccentric 
Knickerbocker  Dutchman,  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  likely  one 
of  the  earliest  settlers  east  of  Pittsfield  on  Blue  river,  and  was  the 
originator  of  a  queer  device  to  crack  corn,  operated  something  after 
the  manner  supposed  to  be  in  vogue  in  the  days  of  Adam  and  Eve. 
lie  used  the  stream  of  Blue  river  at  a  narrow  place,  and  by  catching 
and  confining  the  water  therefrom  in  ah'dlow  tree  or  trough,  open 
at  the  end  up  stream  and  closed  at  the  lower  end,  he  worked  a 
swinging  vessel  which  was  suspended  over  a  mortar  to  crack  Indian 
corn.  The  process  was  to  let  the  trough  fill  with  water  nearly  to 
overriowing,  when  by  its  weight  it  would  descend,  dashing  the  pestle 
into  the  mortar  and  crushing  the  corn.  The  pestle  being  adjusted 
some  distance  from  the  end  of  the  trough  up  stream,  the  water 
spilled  beycMid  the  mortar,  and  the  machine  adjusted  itself  for  an- 
other l)eat  at  the  corn.  Col.  N.  E.  Quinby  was  a  lawyer.  Mr. 
Clingensmith  settled  in  the  northern  part  of  the  county:  he  died 
in  1835.  Capt.  Ilorton  was  a  jolly  tar. from  Connecticut,  an  en- 
ergetic man  an<i  a  good  settler.  lie  came  in  1832  and  located  above 
Rockport.    Branson  and  Watson,  the  latter  a  tailor,  settled  at  Atlas. 


218 


IIISTOKY    CK    I'IKK    CttUNTY. 


THE    YKAR    OF    THE    IILAC^K    HAWK    W  AK. 

CMiioiiolo<2;ic'ally  wt-  liavi*  iiuw  urrivnl  at  the  ])erio(l  dI  tlie  l^lack 
Hawk  war.  and  tlic  coiiiuctiin  of  Pike  county  witli  tliat  ejticli  will 
be  ^iveii  in  tlie  cliajiter  upon  tliat  war.  Ko  county  }  erliaps  took  a 
more  active  and  (Ucideil  j^art  in  this  stni<.'^]e  of  the  ]>ionccrs  with 
the  Indians  than  this  county.  Almost  as  soon  as  it  was  known  tliat 
soidicis  wei"c  wanted  Pike  ctiunty  liad  tilled  her  quota.  In  an  larly 
day  Indians  were  quite  numeious  liere.  hut  we  have  no  record  of 
any  »le]»redations  bein^  ccmmitied  hy  them  otlier  than  ]ietty  theft, 
llw  ISacs  and  Fo.xcs  made  their  headcjinirteis  nldiiij  the  Sny  for 
many  years,  where  tliey  were  often  vi^ited  hy  i'>hick  Hawk  and 
Ke(»kuK.  At  or  near  Atlas  the  wliites  often  saw  them  in  tlieir  war 
dances.  These  J ndians  however  ^ave  tlie  settlers  of  Pike  county 
very  little  trouble.  Indeed  tliev  sometimi's  evinced  some  title  to 
the  epithet  "noble."  As  for  e.\am|ile,  whi'U  a  njuaw  wa.'>  at  one 
time  sick  of  a  i'ever  and  was  nursed  and  doctored  by  a  white  family 
At  Atlas  until  she  got  entirely  well  to  the  surprise  of  her  Indian 
friends,  thev  were  very  thankful  and  showed  their  'Matitude  in  many 
ways. 

In  this  connection  we  may  relate  a  little  anecdote  characteristic 
of  early  times.  John  .lay  Ii4»S8  and  a  Mr.  Filer  thouj^ht  they 
Would  have  some  fun  one  day  by  trij^ditenin^'  Mr.  Voun^  and  his 
family  who  resided  at  Atlas,  and  in  tin-  vicinity  of  his  house  they 
imitated  the  noise  and  whoop  of  Indian^  so  perfectly  that  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Young  thought  they  were  surrounded  by  blood-thirsty  red- 
skins. They  were  greatly  frightened  and  chugged  their  children 
into  a  small  cellar  which  was  not  large  enough  for  themsehes  to 
get  into,  liiey  ran  out  into  the  mustard  patch  and  remained  there 
until  the  afternoon  of  the  next  day, so  scared  were  they,  before  they 
dared  to  return  to  the  hotjse  and  liberate  their  sutt'ering  children. 

.lAMKS    W.    WHITNEY. 

A  very  noted  character  in  the  earliest  days  of  Pike  county 
was  James  AV. "Whitney,  more  generally  known  as  "Lord  Coke,"  on 
account  of  his  knowledge  of  law.  He  was  teacher  of  the  second 
school  at  Atlas,  but  having  no  family  or  jiermatient  home  he  can 
scarcely  be  denominated  a  "settler."  He  was  the  first  Circuit  and 
County  Clerk,  and  held  many  local  offices.  He  was  a  native  of 
Massachusetts,  a  man  of  considerable  education,  having  some 
knowledge  of  Latin.  He  came  to  Illinois  before  it  was  a  State  and 
resided  at  w  near  Edwardsville.  Kot  much  is  known  (»f  his  former 
life,  as  he  was  always  very  taciturn  when  the  suliject  was  intro- 
duced. It  is  said  that  there  was  a  hidden  sorrow  in  Ins  former  life 
which  was  a  delicate  matter  to  touch  upon.  He  wrote  a  very  pecu- 
liar hand,  which  would  itnlicate  that  he  was  an  oddity.  At  first 
sight  one  would  have  taken  liim  to  be  a  well-preserved  ])reacher  or 
fichoolmaster  of  the  davs  of  the  earlier  -\damses.      His  dress  was 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  219 

plain  and  even  homely;  his  hair  was  s])arso  and  all  combed  to  the 
back  of  his  head,  and  often  tied  with  a  buckskin  strin*^  or  old  bhick 
shoe-string  as  a  cue.  Pecuniarily  he  was  not  prosperous,  and  he 
was  very  indifferent  witli  respect  to  liis  dress.  lie  made  his  jour- 
neys generally  afoot  and  alone,  putting  up  whei-e  night  found  him, 
with  some  friend,  and  his  acipiaintance  was  very  extensive.  He 
was  always  welcomed  by  the  lonely  pioneers,  as  he  was  a  kind  of 
gazetteer,  bringing  them  the  news  when  newspapers  were  scarce. 
He  lived  sometimes  alone  in  a  log  cabin  and  sometimes  he  made 
the  city  of  Quincy  his  headipiarters. 

"  Lord  Coke  "  was  also  known  as  the  "  Speaker  of  the  Lobby,"  as 
he  was  the  leader  ot  that  branch  of  the  Legislature  for  many  years. 
"When  theaters  and  shows  were  rare,  the  citizens,  judges  and  legis- 
lators at  Vandalia  were  all  agog  to  witness  the  convening  of  the 
Lobby.  It  was  a  great  event.  A  throng  would  assemble,  and  after 
some  ceremony  "  Lord  Coke"  would  mount  the  stand  and  call  the 
house  to  order.  He  would  deliver  his  annual  message,  which  would 
be  received  with  cheers  and  laughter.  Many  hits  and  jokes  were 
embodied  in  the  message.  Sometimes  the  satire  was  very  broad, 
and  at  one  time  he  hurt  his  standing  with  the  Supreme  Court  by  a 
farcical  account  of  a  meeting  represented  to  have  been  held  by  that 
Court  and  leading  members  of  the  Bar  to  ''exterminate  the  varmints 
of  the  State."  He  presided  over  the  "Lobby"  with  magisterial 
Bway,  and  when  mock  heroics  moved  the  man  he  would  be  a  very 
important  personage.  The  '"Lobby"  was  organized  by  appointing 
8ul)ordinat('  officers  and  numerous  committees,  whose  titles  and 
functi(jns  would  be  of  the  most  ludicrous  chai'acter;  and  the  mem- 
bers composing  the  same  would  be  in  physical  form,  public  stand- 
ing and  personal  bearing  the  most  o)i])osite  of  that  position  and 
character.  For  example.  Col.  Thos.  Mather,  President  of  the  State 
Bank  of  Illinois,  was  a  man  short  in  stature  but  of  great  rotundity 
of  ]>erst)n,  (piiet  in  demeanor;  Judge  Thomas  Brown  and  Jesse 
Thomas,  jr.,  were  tine,  portly  gentlemen.  Such  as  these  "  Lord 
Coke"  would  announce,  and  that  in  print,  as  the  most  suitable 
members  of  "the  committee  on  gymnastics  and  ground  and  lofty 
tumbling."  Many  reports  of  these  committees  would  be  submitted 
which  would  be  in  accord  with  their  burlesque  titles.  These  reports 
were  often  written  by  "Lord  Coke"  himself,  and  there  was  a  broad 
personality  in  them  rather  Iludibrastic. 

At  the  Bar  "  Lord  Coke"  was  not  successful,  as  there  was  a  want 
of  practical  sense  in  his  a])plications  and  his  law  was  often  obsolete. 
He  died  Dec.  13,  1860,  between  83  and  85  years  of  age. 

OTHER    PROMINENT    CHARACTERS. 

Parvin  Paullin,  a  native  of  ISew  Jersey,  came  in  mature  years 
to  this  county,  served  one  term  as  a  Representative  in  the  Illinois 
Legislature,  and  was  Probate  Judge,  discharging  always  his  duty 
with  honor  and  efficiency.     He  died  many  years  ago. 


* 

220  HISTORY    OK    I'IKE   COUNTY. 

Epliriiiiii  Cannon  was  jm  t-arly  settler  of  Piku  county,  and  I'ur  a 
tinK'  Slicritr. 

Itohert  nnd  Joseph  Goodin  and  Fiiiher  Petty  were  amongst  tl»o 
noted  men  of  Ili^lilaiid,  Petty  was  a  County  ConnnissiontT  at 
Pittstield;  Mr.  ^Murpliy  was  the  first  County  Surveyor;  and  .loscph 
Gootlin  was  County  Survtyor  thereafter  and  u  ^ood  otlicer.  Hi-  was 
living;  a  tew  years  a^o  in  Missouri.  , 

John  George  Nicohiy,  an  illustrious  representative  of  J *ike  county 
education,  was  horn  in  Gernumy,  and  cjinie  to  this  county  an  olv 
Bcuri*  hoy;  heiiii;  very  studious  he  hecanie  highly  self-educated; 
learned  the  printer's  trade  in  Pitt*tield;  married  Miss  Pates  of 
that  place;  ho  edited  the  /'^ree  Pnss  \'or  a  slu»rt  time,  and  when 
().  ^I.  Hatch  was  ele<'tt'<l  Secr«'tary  of  State  Mr.  N.  was  his  clerk 
for  two  years  at  Sprin^tifld;  read  law  in  Al»rahain  Lincoln's  tdlice, 
and  on  the  election  of  Mr.  Lincoln  to  tlie  Prt^idt-ncy  af  the  United 
Stiites  lie  hecamc  one  of  his  private  secretaries;  snhsequently  he 
was  Consul  ti>  Paris,  and  is  now  Marshal  «»f  the  Suprenu*  Court  of 
the  Unitf.'  «si  ,*,..  v.lijch  is  a  life  t»lllc4'  •■  ".  tenure  durin«j;  ^<»od 
liehavior. 

tlohn  Hay,  son  of  |)r.  Hay,  of  Warsaw,  and  neplu-w  of  Milton 
Hay,  ne.xt  mentione«l,  ami  for  some  time  a  nsident  »»f  Pitthlitdd, 
was  a  c  mpanion  of  Mr.  Nicolny  in  tin*  (*tudy  of  law  in  Mr.  Lin- 
coln's otlicr  at  Sj»rin^ful«l  and  in  Ihmii^  private  Rii-rt'tary  (»f  the 
President.  While  in  Pittstield  he  puhlisheil  *' Pike  County  Bal- 
lads,'* a  «;ollection  «»f  capital  piec«'s  of  |K»L'try,  amon;;  th(>  most  noted 
of  which  arf  "  Hantv  Tim,"  *'  Little  Ihitches  "  and   *  lilud^te." 

Milt4»n  Hay,  now  rankifij  hi^h  as  h  law\er  at  Spriiitrliehl,  resided 
in  Pittstield  in  ids  earlier  days  as  an  attorney  at  law.  He  has  since 
l>ecn  in  a  Constitutional  Convention  and  in  the  Ix';:i>lature  of  the 
State. 

Major  Charles  J.  ScUon  we  can  claim  as  a  son  of  Pike  ciMinty,  his 
Jmrent^  having;  U-en  the  present  wife  of  C«>1.  1).  P..  llur-h,  hy  her 
former  husband,  Uev.  John  Selton,  an  Episcopal  clergyman  who 
once  owned  St.  Ann's  Church,  New  York  city,  and  was  a  wealthy 
man,  and  whose  sister  wa*  the  witc  of  Sir  lienjamin  Prodie,  the 
eminent  Kn^lish  physician.  Charle»  J.  was  hrouijht  up  princi- 
pally in  the  family  of  Col.  Bush,  wa«  in  the  Mexican  war  (in  the 
oattle  of  Huetia  Vista t,  and  durinjf  our  late  war  was  Major  of  an  M 

Illinois  regiment;  wa-^  editor  of  the  Sprinj^tield  ( 111.)  t/owr/ia/;  btill  " 

later  on  the  Pet»ria  Tnimf''rij?t.      He  died  in  18C2. 

"Aunt"  Hohy  Ross,  still  living  at  Parry,  in  her  92d  year,  wime 
with  her  |>eople  to  Atlas  She  was  born  Sept.  27,  17^9,  in  Iten- 
sellaer  county.  N.  V.,  an«l  wa-*  first  the  wife  of  Cl.irendon  l^»s^  and 
afterward  of  his  brotiier  Capt.  Leonard  Ross.  Clarendon  Uoss  was 
the  first  man  who  died  in  the  county  and  Captain  K<iss  is  lon^since 
dead.  Aunt  Koby's  memory  is  still  clear,  and  she  relates  many  in- 
teresting experiences  an«l  event.s  of  early  times.  Her  house  was  the 
stopping  place  lor  many  people;  she  has  (e<]  as  many  as  a  hundred 
in  a  day.     She  wotdd  arrange  table*  out  of  doors  made  of  clapboards 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COITNTV.  221 

placed  upon  sticks,  supported  b}'  stakes  driven  in  the  ground.  In 
that  day  tliey  had  an  abundance  of  meat,  vegetables  and  sometimes 
fried  cakes  and  crab-applesauce.  Mrs.  Ross's  son  Schuyler,  by  her 
first  husband,  died  at  the  ageof  20,'in  1832,  at  Atlas. 

Merrill  E.  Kattan,  the  iirst  Postmaster  at  Pittsfield,  long  since 
dead,  was  also  Probate  Judge.  He  kept  a  hotel  on  the  same  lot 
where  the  Oregon  House  now  stands.  Wm.  Watson,  once  a  Pro- 
bate Judge,  is  still  living  in  Pittsfield.  As  a  business  man  Mr. 
Watson  was  ever  foremost  and  has  accumulated  some  pro])erty. 
Kobert  R.  Greene  and  his  cousin  Austin  Barber  opened  and  carried 
on  the  first  large  store  in  Pittsfield.  These  gentlemen  are  both  yet 
living  in  that  town.  Mrs.  G.  was  one  of  the  earliest  and  highly 
respected  school-teachers.    ^Nlr.  Barber  was  for  a  period  County  Clerk. 

Wm.  A.  Grimshaw  came  to  Pike  county  in  1833.  For  his  biog- 
raphy see  history  of  Pittsfield  township.  John  U.  Grimshaw, 
cousin  of  the  former,  settled  near  Pittsfield  in  1834,  and  afterward 
moved  to  town  and  for  many  years  was  an  active  merchant.  He 
died  many  years  since.  Jackson  Grimshaw,  a  brother  of  William 
A.,  was  a  resident  of  Pittsfield  for  1-4  years,  then  of  Quinc}^,  Ills., 
where  he  died  in  December,  1875. 

Bel  us  and  Egbert  Jones,  brothers,  were  old  settlers.  Bel  us  was 
never  a  lawyer,  but  a  pettifogger,  who  hung  on  to  "  Lord  Coke  "(  J. 
W.  Whitney)  like  a  bobtail  to  a  kite.  At  court  time  it  was  said, 
"  No  court  till  Coke  and  Belus  come." 

Major  James  Tolbert,  an  old  Virginian,  was  an  officer  in  the  lYth 
Illinois  Militia  at  an  early  day.  He  was  an  early  settler  of  Pike 
county. 

Lyman  Scott,  an  early  settler,  married  a  daughter  of  Leonard 
Ross.  He  was  for  a  time  one  of  the  owners  of  a  former  mill  at 
Rockport.  He  was  a  pushing  business  man.  Many  years  ago  he 
went  to  Kansas  and  is  now  dead. 

John  Neeley,  an  early  County  Commissioner,  removed  to  Texas 
and  has  since  died. 

John  Lyster,  at  times  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  was  an  early  settler 
in  the  Meredith  and  Neeley  neighborhood  near  the  Illinois  river, 
now  Detroit  township. 

David  Dutton  early  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  Pleasant  Yale,  once 
County  Commissioner,  a  prosperous  farmer,  and  peculiar  in  his 
ways.     He  has  long  since  deceased. 

Among  the  early  settlers  of  Pike  county  was  Mrs.  Nancy  M. 
Heath,  who  taught  the  first  school  in  Pittsfield  in  the  winter  of 
1834.  She  had  14  scholars,  taught  in  a  rented  house  and  boarded 
herself.  Her  terms  were  $3  per  scholar  for  12  weeks.  The  names 
of  her  patrons  were  Jonathan  Pike,  Col.  Johnson,  Wm.  Watson, 
Ephraim  Cannon,  James  McNary,  Wm.  Grimshaw,  Dr.  Worthing- 
ton,  Mr.  Davis,  and  John  Turnbull.  Her  maiden  name  was  Dun- 
bar, and  she  was  boi'u  Jan.  1,  1791,  the  first  white  child  born  in 
Cincinnati;  was  brought  up  by  Gov.  McArthur,  of  Ohio;  in  1813 
she  married  Dr.  Jonathan  Heath,  who  was  born  on  the  south  bank 


222  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTV. 

of  the  Potoin.'U',  Muretirld,  lliiniv  cuiiiity,  \'a.  She  ciimo  to  Naples 
Morgan  fount  v,  in  1825,  taugl'.t  sdutol  there, and  came  to  I'ittstiehl  in 
1834.  The  school-house,  which  was  also  their  d\vellin«;,  was  a  small 
hewed-log  house  rented  of  Mr.  Turnhull.  She  has  had  si.x  children, 
five  •(iris  ant]  one  son,  all  dead.  Mr>.  IKath  is  still  livintifiii  I'itts- 
iiehl,  hut  has  had  Ict'lile  health  for  many  years.  Her  daughter, 
afterward  .Mrs.  A.  V.  Wills,  also  taught  school  with  her. 

Dr.  llezekiah  Dodge  emigrated  from  Virginia  U>  Hayville,  this 
county,  in  an  early  (lav.  In  his  physicjil  structure  he  was  "long, 
lean  and  lank,  and  m*ivcd  upon  a  spindle  shank.'' 

Mr.  (tray,  an  early  settler  and  prominent  citizen  of  the  county, 
was  Sheriff  ahout  isr>l:  was  Postmaster  at  Harry,  aiul  afterward  for 
many  years  his  houje  has  hecn  in  PittsHeld. 

.Jo^^iua  Woiisley,  an  early  settler  of  lladley  tt»wnship,  has  hcen 
Slieriff,  and  taken  quite  an  m*tive  part  in  the  politics  of  the  c«»unty. 
lie  is  still  a  man  of  great  activity,  living  on  tiie  old  homestead. 

Among  jnany  other  pioneei-s  of  i*ike  countv  we  would  mention, 
Henry  K.  Itjimsey,  Jacoh  llodgen  ( father  ot  l>r.  .i(din  lltxigen), 
Charles  T.  Hrewsler,  W.  IJ.  Cirimes,  D.  15.  HusIj,  Elias  Kent  Kano 
(ndphew  of  the  celehratetl  Klisha  Kent  Kane,  the  Arctic  explorer), 
all  of  whom  have  hoi*n  more  or  less  prominent  in  the  history  of  tliis 
county.  A  little  anecdote  concerning  Mr.  Kent,  who  settled 
in  Monte/uma  townsiii)»  in  183(»,  we  uiiinot  forhear  to  relate  here. 

lie  went  out  tlwr-hunting  one  day,  soon  semiring  up  three  larj'O 
deer,  which  ran  aroun*!  him  in  a  circle  aUmt  .'iOO  yards  distant,  lie 
stoixl  watching  them  with  cocketi  gun  in  his  hands.  t)ot  knowing 
why  he  did  not  sho(»t;  hut  suh.-etpientlv  learned  from  friends  that 
he  must  have  had  the  "  buck  ague." 

Many  other  names  of  early  settlers  will  appear  in  tlie  histories  ot 
the  respective  tt»wnshij).s. 

Among  the  sons  of  i*iko  county  who  have  departed  to  other  fields 
of  glory,  are:  ()/ias  M.  Hatch  and  Alexander  btarne,  Ixith  of  I'itts- 
tield,  then  of  Griggsville;  l)oth  have  run  ahout  the  same  career  in 
this  county,  having  lit'cn  (Merks  of  the  Circuit  Court,  meml)er8  ot 
the  Legislature,  an«l  Secretaries  of  State;  and  l>oth  are  nov.*  resi- 
dents of  Springfield,  in.  pros|»enMis  circumstances.  Mr.  Starne  left 
Philadelphia  in  1830.  *'  with  the  intention  of  getting  so  far  away 
from  honu'  that  he  never  could  get  hack  again,"  and  he  chose  the 
l>eautiful  section  of  country  called  Pike  county  for  his  permanent 
home,  lie  relates  many  amusing  stories  concerrjing  the  olden 
times,  clock  peddlers,  abolition  rioU,  Dr.  Dix's  first  land  purchase 
and  trip  to  the  grist-mill. 

Among  other  numerous  settlers  in  various  ]>art8  of  the  county 
we  would  nanje  the  following:  llev.  John  Shinn,  one  of  the  early 
preachers  of  the  county,  settled  just  west  of  Phillips'  Ferry;  then 
came  David  Johnson,  who  bought  the  farm  owned  by  him.  lie 
settled  there  in  1828.  and  for  many  years  wns  Survey<^»r  (tf  the 
county.  Near  him  was  Richard  Wade;  the  next  two  who  came 
were  a  Mr.  Bateman  and  Andrew  Phillips.     Geo.  W.  Ilinraan,  an 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  223 

early  prominent  man,  came  in  1829.  Joel  Moore  was  the  first  set- 
tler north  of  Atlas  toward  Griggsville.  Nathan  W.  Jones,  a  resi- 
dent of  Grigo:sville,  was  a  well-known  early  settler.  Abel  Shelley, 
the  JJradbiirys,  Charles  and  >[artin  liurrington  were  also  promi- 
nent pioneers.  Boone  Scholl,  the  fonnder  of  Perry,  which  was  laid 
out  first  as  "  Booncville,"  was  an  early  settler. 

In  concluding  our  personal  mention  of  early  settlers,  we  quote  the 
following  from  Mr.  Grimshaw's  "  Centennial  Address;" 

"Alfred  Grubb,  once  called  the  'Little  Bay  Horse,'  for  his 
sprightliness,  was  a  good  Sheriff  and  a  County  Judge.  Thomas 
Orr,  noted  as  a  grand  juror  for  many  long  years,  was  respected  by 
all.  Thomas  Hull,  a  good  farmer  and  remarkable  for  his  active 
piety.  These  all  leave  numerous  descendants  of  respectability. 
The  Blairs  (father  and  several  sons),  all  good  men.  were  in  the 
vicinity  of  Barry  before  Pittsfield  was  laid  out.  William,  son  of 
the  senior,  was  a  marked  member  of  the  Illinois  Legislature,  and 
an  upright  and  useful  man.  He  is  long  dead.  Montgomery  Blair 
was  once  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  18^7. 
Harvey  Blair  is  yet  alive,  and  is  an  estimable  farmer. 

"It  is  impossible  in  this  sketch  to  notice  all  the  early  settlers; 
some  have  emigrated,  others  have  died.  At  court  time  at  an  early 
day  in  Pittsfield,  Samuel  Gibson,  Henry  Kent,  George  Gibson, 
Sam'l  Sitton;  Esquire  Hayden,  the  Tucker  brothers  would  be  seen, 
and  Wm.  Johnson,  James  Johnson,  Jolin  and  Jacob  Heavener. 
The  latter  dressed  in  the  homeliest  ofarb,  with  his  lon^  rifle  as 

•       •ITT  C5  v^ 

bosom  friend.  James  Johnson  was  a  conspicuous  man.  Both  of 
these  men  were  possessed  of  great  nerve  and  endurance,  and  made 
great  havoc  amongst  the  deer.  Small  "varmint"  they  despised. 
Sam'l  G.  Sitton  survives  in  his  75th  year;  and  on  June  29th,  1876, 
he  cut  on  his  own  farm  an  acre  of  wheat  with  a  sickle  and  bound 
it  up  on  that  day,  and  the  next  day  was  at  Pittsfield  as  spry  as 
usual.  Harvey  Dunn,  of  Chambersburg,  was  an  old  settler,  and 
in  1847  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Illinois. 
He  was  a  very  una  suming  but  intelligent,  honest  man;  but  is 
long  dead.  Stephen  It.  Gray,  venerable  and  respected  in  years, 
yet  lives.  He  was  Sheriff  about  1851.  He  is  an  earlv  settler  and 
resided  at  or  near  Barr\',  and  was  at  o-.ie  time  Postmaster  thereat. 
Hamilton  Wills  is  yet  as  ha])]>y  as  ever,  jolly  in  person,  comfort- 
able in  business,  an  old  settler  in  Pittsfield,  as  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace  in  former  3'ears  useful  and  respected.  Richard  Kerr,  of 
Pleasant  Hill  township,  was  an  old  farmer,  a  leading  whig,  and 
represented  Pike  county  in  the  Legislature  for  one  term.  He  died 
many  years  since,  esteemed  by  all,  leaving  many  relatives  in  Pike. 
"  Bona|)arte  Greathouse,  of  Milton,  was  County  Commissioner 
at  an  early  day,  a  man  of  great  worth  and  a  good  farmer.  He  is 
long  dead  and  left  surviving  him  a  numerous  family.  Several  of 
his  sons  are  practitioners  at  law.  Sam'l  L.  Crane,  now  venerable 
in  years,  was  a  very  early  settler  of  Morgan  county,  III.,  and  has 
filled  acceptably  with  perfect  integrity  the  office  of  Postmaster  at 


224  UI8TOKY    OF    riKI-    nOT'NTY. 

Pittsfield.  He  is  now  in  private  life.  He  is  the  t'atlier  of  that 
nset'ul  son,  resilient  of  Pittstield,  .hiines  H.  Crane,  who  has  been 
Circuit  Clerk  of  Pike  eoimtv,  vet  lives  here,  and  is  a  I)ei)ulv  ('lerk 
in  the  office  of  Geo.  W.  Jones,  our  present  and  efficient  popular 
circuit  clerk.  Win.  B.  Grimes  yet  lives  in  Pittstield.  He  was  an 
able  and  honest  County  Clerk  for  one  term,  succeeding  Wm. 
Steers,  wh<»  was  a  ijood  and  worthy  officer;  and  his  successor  i» 
Jonathan  L.  Frve,  who  was  a  son  of  an  lionest  miller,  Jonathan 
Frye.  James  Me  Williams,  venerable  for  his  years,  influential  in 
his  town  of  (irii;j;.'>viJle,  has  been  a  Representative  of  the  county 
in  the  Le;;islature  and  often  a  Supervisor  of  (iri^'^jsville  township. 
Daniel  1).  Hicks,  now  the  esteemed  Ca>hier  of  the  First  National 
liank,  is  an  old  resident  of  Pittstield  and  has  honorably  filled 
several  offices.  He  was  once  Sheritf  of  tlie  countv.  Durin;;  his 
ternj  of  (tffice  a  rit»t  took  place  «>ne  election  day  in  Pittstield,  when 
n)anv  wild  bovs  who  had  been  irooil  stddiers  in  the  Mexican  war 
took  a  most  active  part  in  the  riot,  callini^  out,  '  We  are  some 
J)unkin^.'  ]\\  aid  of  a  pussc  of  tlie  |)eoj)le,  called  by  Hicks,  the 
riot  was  put  d»)wn." 

M«.    ni.NMAN's    LE'rrKK. 

We  c*ipy  tljc  following  very  e.\cellently  jtrepared  historical  article 
from  the  ( Jriir^sville  Jitjltrtor  of  July  I,  LsTO.  It  wa>  j.rcpared 
by  Asa  Hinman,  son  t»f  the  veteran  j)ioneer,  George  W.  llinman. 
It  so  clear^)'  portrays  various  features  of  the  county's  history,  and 
knowing  that  it  will  Ik;  accepted  as  from  a  reliable  source,  we  nuike 
no  alteratittns  in  it,  but  j)resent  it  a^  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Hinnnin: 

"In  1^2y.  I  think  Oct.  14ih,  my  father,  (Jeor^e  W.  llinman, 
crossed  the  Illiimis  river  at  Phillips'  Ferry  with  his  lamily  to  make 
a  permanent  residence  in  Pike  county.  He  drove  ont  to  the  foot 
of  the  mound  upon  which  the  town  of  Gri<;^fiville  now  stands, 
and  stojtped  with  a  man  by  the  name  f>f  Ihiteman,  who  had  made 
a  snuiU  imjirovi-ment  and  laid  claim  to  the  8.  W.  (juarter  of  sec. 
14,  T.  4.  S.,  3  W.,  which  my  father  soon  afterward  bought  and 
occu])ied.  This  was  on  the  main  traveled  route  from  Philli|)8' 
Ferry  to  Qiiincy  and  Atlas,  the  county  seats  of  Adams  and  Pike, 
the  two  routes  partini:  on  t«»j)  of  the  mound  in  what  is  now  called 
Quincy  Avenue.  The  first  settlement  on  the  road,  which  was  then 
known  as  the  Atlas  trail,  after  passing  the  site  where  Gri^f^sville 
was  afterward  built,  was  seven  miles  out  on  Pay  creek,  wliere  Joel 
Moore  had  settle*!  some  two  or  three  years  before.  He  emi<;rated 
from  North  Carolina,  and.  as  1  have  understood,  served  in  the 
army  of  the  United  States  for  the  land  he  lived  upon.  The  next 
settlement  was  Col.  Seeley's,  twelve  miles  farther  and  three  miles 
from  Atlas,  on  the  trail  to  Quincy.  It  was  thirty  miles  to  the  first 
house,  where  lived  John  Wii^gle,  a  German,  who  formed  the 
nucleus  for  the  larfre  German  settlement  that  afterward  settled  in 
that  ]>art  of  Adams  county. 

"I  believe  Atlas  was  the  only  laid-out  town  in  Pike  county  at 


Mi 


PtJC^t^ 


PERRY 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  227 

tliat  time.  At  Phillips*  Ferry  tliere  was  a  small  settlement.  I 
will  name  those  I  rememl)er:  I^imrod  Philli])S,  Dr.  Bennett,  first 
owners  of  tl)e  ferry,  Teh(»&  McWurtliy.  One  and  a  half  miles  up 
the  road  lived  Charles  IIazelri<2;,  the  only  blacksmith  in  the  eastern 
part  of  the  county. 

"The  settlement  on  the  road  west  from  the  ferry  was  David 
Johnson's,  who  settled  on  the  farm  owned  for  a  long  time  by  the 
Rev.  John  Shinn  and  now  the  property  of  E.  S.  Parker.  Mr.  John- 
son settled  there  in  1828.  He  was  surveyor  in  this  county  fur  many 
years.  Near  this  j^lace  on  the  north  side  of  the  road  lived  Richard 
Wade.  The  next  two  settlements  were  Pateman,  of  whom  1  have 
spoken,  aitll  Andrew  Phillips,  who  lived  just  east  of  Marshall's 
blacksmith  shop.  Dr.  Phillijis  lived  one  and  a  half  miles  south  of 
town  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Davis.  North  of  town  lived  ^lar- 
shall  Kee,  John  j\[attliews.  father  of  B.  L.  ^latthews,  and  "grand- 
father of  Col.  Matthews,  Abel  Shelly,  Wm.  AVilkerson,  Sam  Hola- 
way,  Abraham  Sclioll,  Sam  Chenowetli,  and  an  old  gentleman  by 
the  name  of  Ayers.  All  these  I  have  named  were  men  of  families; 
and  none  to  mv  knowledtje  now  remain  but  David  Johnson,  who 
still  lives  in  the  town  of  Perry,  and  is  badly  crippled  with  rheuma- 
tism, but  otherwise  is  in  good  health.  Many  of  their  children  and 
grandchildren  yet  remain  in  the  county. 

"Although  the  immediate  descendants  of  these  old  pioneers  grew 
up  without  an  opportunity  to  get  an  education,  many  of  them  are, 
yes,  I  may  say  most  of  them,  are  noble,  high-minded  men  and  wo- 
men, and  are  generally  among  the  foremost  to  make  a  sacrifice  to 
secure  for  their  children  a  substantial  education;  and  while  on  this 
subject  I  will  say,  if  there  was  a  school-house  in  the  county  I  was  not 
aware  of  its  location.  The  first  school-house  near  Griggsville  was 
built  in  1831.  It  was  located  a  little  northeast  of  town,  a  small  log 
cabin,  stick-and-clay  chimney,  the  floor  laid  from  slabs  split  from 
liiid  logs,  and  the  seats  made  of  some  material  mounted  on  wooden 
legs.  For  light,  one  log  was  cut  out  of  the  building,  a  hewn  slab 
put  under  this  opening  and  paper  pasted  over  it  in  cold  weather; 
then  with  a  rousing  log  fire,  Wel)ster's  speller,  the  Testament, 
sometimes  the  Life  of  Washington,  sometimes  Jack  Downing,  Rob- 
inson Crusoe,  or  whatever  happened  to  be  in  the  library  at  home, 
and  a  few  copies  of  Daboll's  or  Pike's  arithmetic,  and  a  long  'gad' 
or  two,  Master  Robert  Rankin  used  to  'teach  the  young  idea  how 
to  shoot.'  Some  of  my  young  friends  no  doubt  will  laugh  at  my 
description  of  our  educational  privileges  in  those  days,  but  this 
happened  less  than  half  a  century  ago  and  within  less  than  half  a 
mile  and  in  sight  of  that  fine  school-house  that  so  adorns  the  town 
and  adds  so  much  to  your  educational  privileges.  My  descrijition 
of  this  one  will  answer  with  very  little  variation  all  the  first  schools 
in  this  part  of  the  county. 

"The  next  settlements  to  those  already  mentioned  were  along  the 
bluft'near  Chainbersburg  and  a  few  in  the  neighborhood  of  Detroit. 
The   first    settlers    were    poor,   honest    and    brave,  always  kind  to 


228  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

friends  and  ready  to  resent  an  insult,  l)ut  rarely  with  any  weapon 
only  such  as  nature  furnielied  tliein  with. 

''The  tirp>t  hetth'nients  were  nearly  entirely  confined  to  the  edg-o 
of  the  tiniher  where  small  tields  could  be  cleaned  aiul  ])lowed  with 
one  yoke  of  oxen  or  a  span  of  iiorses,  the  prairie  sod  bein<j;  tou^h, 
rofjuirini;  heavy  teams  to  ]dow  it. 

'•At  this  lime  ;;:ime  was  very  abundant.  Deer,  turkeys,  prairie 
chickens,  quail,  raccoon,  opossum  and  skunk  were  iiere  in  immense 
numbers.  The  butfailo  had  disappeared,  but  from  the  amount  of 
horns  and  Ixmes  that  lay  bleaching  on  the  prairies  they  must  have 
been  here  in  vast  num Iters. 

"  At  tliis  time  occasional  l>ands  of  Indians  would  com(f  in  to  hunt, 
but  the  settlers  wouKl  form  into  companies,  shoulder  their  rilles 
and  Miiirch  out  to  their  camps  and  ilrive  them  away. 

"  Now.  I  can  in>a:;ine  some  of  my  younj;  friends  would  like  to 
know  h(»w  these  |>oor  settlers  lived  and  what  kind  of  houses  they 
had,  how  they  dressed  themselves,  ami  many  other  questions.  Well, 
I  have  told  you  ^ame  was  plerjty;  so  was  wild  honey;  the  land  ])ro- 
ductive  a!ul  evorv  man  and  l»oy  who  was  lar^^e  enouj^h  knew  how  to 
use  the  ritle  Jind  brin^  dt»wn  the  ^ame.  And  up  to  the  winter  of 
183U-'l  the  winters  iuid  been  very  mild.  Flax  fjrew  well,  and  cot- 
ton for  the  first  few  years  did  well.  The  women  had  all  been  raised 
to  spin,  weave  and  manufacture  all  the  cl«>thin<,'  that  was  needed  in 
the  family;  but  a  large  pc»rtion  of  the  men  dresf^ed  deer-skins  and 
made  themselves  pant«  and  coatu,  or  what  they  called  hunting- 
shirts.  Some  wore  moccasins  made  of  the  same  material,  others 
would  buy  leather  and  manufacture  shoes  for  their  own  family,  or 
perhaj)s  suuie  neighbor  would  become  (pjite  an  expert  at  cobl)ling, 
and  besides  doing  all  the  sIujC  work  for  his  own  faujily,  would  do 
also  a  gooil  deal  for  his  neig!ilM>r8;  and  I  have  seen  women  that 
Could  make  quite  a  respectai)lc  shr^e.  The  njen  would  fre(|Ui'ntly 
manufacture  caps  for  themselves  and  boys  tVom  the  skins  of  foxes, 
coons  and  muskrals.  II«»ney,  at  that  day,  was  almost  the  only 
sweetening,  lK5sides  maple  sugar,  that  was  used.  Very  little  tea 
and  cotfee  were  used.-  Cows  were  cheajt  and  the  rich  and  nutritious 
grass  caused  them  to  produce  choice  milk  atid  butter.  Everybo(ly 
used  milk  in  those  days.  P(»tatoes,  squashes,  pumpkins  and  the 
various  vegetables  were  securely  stored  for  winter.  The  people 
had  n<»  money;  they  made  but  very  few  debts  and  very  little  dealing 
at  the  stores.  What  they  did  was  mostly  trade  in  turs,  peltries  and 
beeswax;  and  some  of  tlie  oldest  settlors  wmhUI  h;ive  a  little  surplus 
to  sell  to  new  comers. 

"  It  was  several  years  Ixjfore  there  was  any  grain  shipped  from 
this  part  of  the  country.  The  only  means  of  transportation  was  a 
keel-boat  owned  and  run  by  Ira  Kellogg  from  Naples  to  St.  Louis. 
It  would  make  a  trip  once  in  five  or  six  weeks.  Naples  was  the 
only  trading  ]>oint  for  all  the  east  side  of  the  county'.  All  the  mills 
I  can  think  of  now  that  were  then  in  Pike  county,  were  Johnson's 
little  grist  and  saw  mill,  two  miles  above  Chambersburg,  built  in 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  229 

1830  or  1831,  Yan  Densen's  little  corn-cracker  on  Blue  river,  that 
would  grind  frura  one  to  two  bushels  per  hour  according  to  the 
stage  of  water,  and  Barney's  horse-mill,  some  four  or'  five  miles 
from  where  Pittsfield  now  stands.  As  these  mills  did  not  accom- 
modate half  the  settlers,  hand-mills,  mortars  and  pestles  were  re- 
sorted to,  and  quantities  of  hominy  were  used  during  the  winter 
season. 

"Now,  for  the  habitations.  "Well,  they  were  all  bnilt  of  logs 
after  the  fashion  of  the  school-house  I  described.  All  had  fire- 
places and  only  one  room.  The  cooking  was  done  in  iron  vessels 
on  and  around  the  log  fire.  If  the  weather  was  cold,  the  family 
large,  or  company  in,  which  very  frequently  happened,  the  wood 
was  piled  on  so  as  to  raise  the  heat  and  cause  all  hands  to  sit  back 
to  give  the  cooks  room  to  work.  In  at  least  two  corners  of  the 
cabin  would  be  one-legged  bedsteads,  made  by  boring  two  holes  at 
right  angles  into  the  logs  and  two  to  correspond  into  a  single  post 
to  receive  the  outer  ends  of  the  two  rails.  Clapboards,  being  laid 
across,  formed  quite  a  convenient  bedstead;  and  besides  these  I 
have  often  seen  a  loom  and  spinning-wheel  in  use  in  the  same 
cabin.  This  state  of  affairs  would  often  last  for  years  before  another 
room  would  be  added. 

"  At  the  time  of  which  I  write,  settlements  were  not  very  rapid. 
The  land  was  not  in  market.  Congress  had  passed  an  act  that  all 
actual  settlers  who  had  lived  for  one  year  uj)on  the  public  lands 
were  entitled  to  enter  or  buy  160  acres  at  any  time  before  the  land 
was  offered  at  public  sale,  which  was  in  the  fall  of  1830;  but  very 
few  of  the  settlers  had  any  money  to  bu}'  the  land  upon  which  they 
lived.  The  land  office  for  this  district  was  at  Edwardsville,  at  which 
place  a  loan  office  was  opened  by  Mason  &  Co.  They  would  loan 
$200  to  a  settler  which  would  pay  the  Government  for  160  acres  of 
land,  the  settler  giving  mortgage  on  the  land  and  personal  security 
for  the  payment  of  the  $200  with  35  per  cent,  interest, 

"Soon  after  this,  settlements  became  more  frequent,  many  of 
the  new  comers  bringing  some  money  with  them.  Many  of  the  old 
settlers  who  had  borrowed  money  at  the  enormous  rate  of  interest 
referred  to,  sold  their  land  and  improvements,  thereby  enabling 
them  to  pay  the  mortgage  and  have  some  money  left  to  buy  another 
tract  of  unimproved  land.  The  most  of  these  early  settlers  were 
from  the  Southern  States.  Yery  few  of  them  had  ever  had  many 
advantages  of  an  education;  and,  coming  into  a  new  country,  where 
for  several  years  schools  were  unknown,  and  then  for  several  years 
more  the  only  schools  we  had  being  gotten  up  by  the  individual 
eflforts  of  the  poor  settlers,  we  see  how  limited  their  education  must 
have  been.  We  had  no  school  fund  then,  no  law  to  levy  ta.x  for 
school  purposes,  and  school-houses  were  built  b}'  individual  etibrt, 
and  teachers  hired  in  the  same  way.  Books  and  papers  were  very 
scarce.  I  think  the  nearest  paper  published  in  the  State  was  at 
Yandalia,  the  seat  of  Government  at  that  time.    Our  postoffice  was 


230  HISTORY    OK    PIKE   COUNTY. 

at  Naples,  in  Mnr^jati,  now  Scott,  county,  where  we  paid  twenty-five 
cents  |>(»st!i<^e  on  ji  k'ttor. 

"  Witl)  tiiese  limited  advantages  nearly  all  the  children  ot"  that 
day  ^rew  to  he  men  and  wtMnen  with  hut  little  eduoatittn,  (»r  what 
is  considered  so  at  the  present  day.  And  let  me  say  to  my  young 
friends,  when  you  feel  disposed  to  hiuijh  at  the  spet'fth,  orthoj;raphy, 
or  <;raiuiiiar  of  old  t'o^ifs  wh«»  have  coiml*  up  from  those  days,  just 
lau^h  and  feel  good,  >ind  then  ri'memher  them  with  gratitude  for 
the  many  sacrifices  and  nohle  eftbrts  they  have  made  to  secure  to 
you  the  grand  eilucalional  advantages  you  now  enjoy  under  our 
free-school  system. 

"  In  Deeemher.  1830,  snow  fell  to  the  de|)th  of  three  feet  on  a 
level  and  drifted  In  many  places  to  eiijht  or  ten  feet.  This  was  kept 
up  hy  snowfalls  until  the  middle  t»f  March.  This  has  been  known 
and  referred  to  as  the  winter  of  the  deep  snow.  Duriiiir  this  win- 
ter vast  numl)ers  of  «leer,  turkey  and  other  ganu  died,  or  were 
killed  by  thoughtless  hunters.  During  these  early  settlements 
wolves  were  very  abundant  &\u\  very  destructive  on  pigs  atid  sheep. 
This  countv  had  a  ^jreat  manv  snakes,  (tf  whieh  the  rattlesnake  was 
the  most  numerou.s  and  «langerous.  juTsons  atid  animals  U-ing  fre- 
quently l>itten  by  them,  causing  the  most  intenoe  pain  and  occa- 
sionally producing  death.  The  habits  of  these  reptiles  were  to 
gather  tip  late  in  the  fall  at  some  rockv  blutf  or  other  place  where 
they  c<»ulil  make  their  way  underground  Ijeyond  the  reach  of  frost 
aiiil  ninain  there  until  warm  weather  in  May,  when  they  crawled 
out  and  lay  around  in  the  sun  a  few  days  ami  then  dispersed  for 
miles  over  the  surrouiuling  country.  During  the  time  of  their 
coininjj  out  in  Mav  we  use<l  to  visit  their  dens  and  kill  them  in 
large  numbers.  Tliis  practice,  in  the  course  of  a  few  years,  greatly 
lessened  their  iiuml>ers,  but  still,  in  sume  localities  a  few  remain. 

•*  In  the  fall  of  lh30,  if  my  recollection  is  right,  we  hiul  the  first 
])reaching.  by*a  .Methodist  minister  named  Hunter,  whose  cireuit  or 
mission  ctivered  all  the  territorv  -.nth  of  liushville  and  Warsaw, 
lying  iK'tween  the  Illinois  ami  }k[  :pi  rivers,     lie  went  around 

this  circuit  once  in  four  weeks.  The  preaching  place  for  a  little 
societv  that  wa.s  formed  in  the  nei':hl>orho<»d  ol  (Tri<;ijsville  was  at 
my  father's  house,  on  the  S.  W.  quarter  of  sec.  14.  T.  4  S.,  K.  3  ^V. 

"Asa  Hinman." 

MK.    GAKKISon's    LETTEK. 

In  1S76,  when  F.  M.  Grimes  was  ]>reparing  the  history  of  Monte- 
zuma township,  he  received  the  following  very  de>criptive  letter 
from  Z.  A.  (larrison,  of  Oregon: 

'*  Fifty  3'ear6  ago  I  with  my  father  and  his  family  crossed  the 
Illinois  river  in  a  small  hand  ferry-boat  at  Meacham's  Ferry,  where 
Montezujna  now  etands.  We  went  west  f(»ur  miles  and  settled  in 
the  timl^er.  a  ])rett3'  country  abounding  with  game  of  all  kind^. 
Deer,  turkey  and  bees  were  very  plenty.  The  Indians  were  our  most 
numerous  neighbors,  being  about  twenty  to  one  white  man.     In  the 


HISTORY    OF   PIKE    COUNTY.  231 

winter  of  1829  and  1S30,  the  deep  snow  fell,  whicli  was  four  feet  on 
a  level.  The  siunnier  followin*!:  I  was  tendinii^  the  ferry  for  Solo- 
mon Seevers  at  Montezuma  and  saw  the  first  steam- boat  that 
plouifhed  the  Illinois  river.  It  was  a  small  stern-wheeler.  When 
op])osite  the  ferrv  the  wheel  rolled  up  so  much  grass  that  it  could 
not  turn,  and  the  men  had  to  cut  it  loose  and  pole  her  through  the 
grass.  There  was  but  one  water  mill  in  the  county  and  that  was 
on  Big  Blue.  It  was  a  tub-wheel  and  a  very  faithful  one  it  was. 
AVhen  it  got  one  grain  cracked  it  would  jump  upon  another  with  a 
powerful  vim  and  crack  it  too.  The  nearest  store  in  the  county  was 
kept  by  Col.  Ross  at  Atlas.  AVomen  wore  homespun  cotton  dresses, 
and  deer-skin  moccasins.  Men  and  boys  dressed  in  buckskin  from 
head  to  foot,  and  on  the  head  a  coon  or  fox  skin  cap;  ate  hog  and 
hominy,  lived  sociably  and  enjoyed  each  other's  company  with  true 
friendship." 

COUNTY-SEAT    MOVED    TO    PITTSFIELD. 

Bv  the  year  1S31  it  was  seen  that  the  county-seat  could  not  long 
remain  at  Atlas,  and  a  movement  was  started  to  fix  its  future  and 
permanent  location.  The  Legislature  of  the  following  winter 
authorized  the  appointment  of  three  commissioners  to  locate  the 
permanent  seat  of  justice,  which  commissioners  were  Hawkins 
Judd.  Geo.  W.  Ilinman  and  Benj.  Barney.  After  thoroughly  can- 
vassing the  situation  they  chose  that  beautiful  site,  centrally  located 
in  the  county,  whereon  the  present  town  of  Pittsfield  stands.  The 
parties  who  wished  to  make  the  best  of  the  situation  had  not  the 
necessary  8200  to  enter  the  land  with.  It  was  difficult  to  borrow  it 
anywhere  in  the  county  except  of  the  Ross  family,  and  they  were 
interested  in  Atlas  and  opposed  to  Pittsfield.  Of  course  some  ill- 
feelinof  was  engendered,  and  Mr.  Hinman  and  Col.  Barney  got  so 
mad  thev  swore  thev  "would  never  hold  office  again,"  and  the  Colo- 
nel  has  kept  his  word.  They  signed  a  note  and  obtained  the  money 
of  Col.  Ross,  had  the  ground  surveyed,  let  the  building  of  the 
coiirt-house  to  a  Mr.  Burke,  and  the  commissioners  held  court  in  it 
in  the  tall  of  1833,  and  the  next  spring  the  Circuit  Court  was  held 
there.  The  Commissioners  favoring  the  location  were  elected  by  a 
handsome  majority  at  the  next  election,  showing  how  the  people  of 
the  county  felt  on  the  subject. 

THE    BEAUTIFUL    PRAIRIES. 

The  large  prairies  of  the  county  presented  a  most  beautiful  sight 
before  they  were  settled.  The  following  very  descriptive  lines  on 
"The  Prairies  of  Illinois,"  by  Capt.  Basil  Hall,  graphically  por- 
trays their  beauty  in  their  wild  and  native  state: 

"  The  charm  of  prairie  exists  in  its  extension,  its  green,  flowery 
carpet,  its  undulating  surface,  and  the  skirt  of  forest  whereby  it  is 
surrounded;  the  latter  feature  being  of  all  others  the  most  signifi- 
cant and  expressive,  since  it  characterizes  the  landseai^e,  and  defines 
the  form  and  boundary  of   the  j)lain.     If  the  prairie  is  little,  its 


232  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    CODNTY. 

grentest  beauty  consists  in  the  vicinity  ttttlie  cncompassin';  edijo  of 
turests,  wliicli  may  be  coni|»are<l  to  the  shores  of  a  lake,  heinjj:  inter- 
8ecte*l  with  many  deep,  inwanl  hoiuls,  as  S(»  many  inlets,  and  at  in- 
tervals projecting  very  far,  not  nnlike  a  ])rom(»ntory  or  protru(lin<; 
arm  of  land.  Tliese  ]>rojections  sometimes  so  closely  aj)proach  each 
other,  that  the  traveler  passing  thron^di  hetwi'en  them  may  he  said 
to  walk  in  the  midst  ot"  an  alley  overshadowed  l»y  the  forest,  before 
he  enters  a^ain  upon  another  broad  j)rairie.  Where  the  plain  is  ex- 
tensive, the  delineations  of  the  forest  in  the  distant  back^nmnd  ap- 
])ear  as  wonld  a  misty  »»cean  beach  alar  off.  The  eye  sumrtimes 
surveys  the  ^reen  prairie  without  discovering  on  the  illimitable 
plain  a  tree  or  bush,  t>r  any  other  object  save  the  wilderness  of 
flowers  and  jtjrass,  while  on  other  occafiions  the  view  isenliveneil  by 
the  griives  disperse<l  like  islands  over  the  jdain,  or  by  a  solitary 
tree  rising  above  the  wilderness.  The  resemblance  Iti  the  sea  which 
some  of  these  prairies  exhibit  is  really  most  striking.  In  the  bj»ring, 
when  the  young  gniss  has  just  clotlieil  the  soil  with  a  soddy  carpet 
of  the  most  deliaite  green,  hut  especially  when  the  sun  is  rising  l>e- 
himi  a  distant  elevation  of  the  gntund  ami  its  rays  are  rellectetl  by 
myriads  of  dew-tlrop.",  a  more  pleasing  and  more  eyi-benetitting 
view  cjiiinot  be  imagined. 

**Tiie  delightful  aspect  of  liiu  prairie,  itj*  amenities,  and  the  ab- 
sence of  that  ^ombre  awe  inspire<l  by  forests,  contribute  to  forcing 
away  that  .»entiment  of  loneliness  which  usually  steals  u]>on  the 
mind  of  the  sojiuiry  wanderer  in  the  wilderness;  for,  although  he 
espies  no  habitation,  and  sees  uo  human  l>eing,  and  knows  hitnself 
to  be  far  off  from  everv  settlement  (»f  man,  he  can  scarce! v  <lef«Mid 
himself  fron>  Udieving  that  he  is  traveling  through  a  landccape 
emlH'llishe<l  by  human  art.  The  Mowers  are  so  ielicateand  elegant 
as  apparently  to  Ikj  distributed  for  mere  ornament  over  the  jjlain; 
tire  groves  ant!  grouj)s  of  trees  seem  t<)  be  disjKTsed  over  the  ]»rairie 
t«»  eidiven  the  landscape,  and  we  can  scarcely  get  rid  of  the  imjtres- 
sion  invading  our  imagimition,  of  the  whole  scene  l>eing  flung  out 
and  created  for  the  satisfaction  of  the  sentiment  of  beauty  in  refined 
men. 

"  In  the  summer  the  prairie  is  covered  with  tall  grass,  which  is 
coarse  in  appearance,  and  soon  iissumes  a  yellow  color,  waving  in 
■the  wind  like  a  ripe  crop  of  corn.  In  the  early  stages  of  its  growth 
it  resembles  yt)ung  wheat,  and  in  this  state  furnishes  such  rich  and 
succulejit  food  for  cattle  that  the  latter  choose  it  often  in  preference 
to  wheat,  it  being  no  doubt  a  very  congenial  fodder  to  them,  since 
it  is  in;possible  to  conceive  of  better  butter  than  is  made  while  the 
grass  is  in  this  stiige. 

"In  the  early  stages  (tf  its  growth  the  grass  is  inters|>ersed  with 
little  flowers, — the  violet,  the  strawberry-blossom,  and  others  of 
the  most  delicate  structure.  When  the  gra.ss  grows  higher  these 
disappear,  and  taller  flowers,  displaying  more  lively  colors,  take 
their  place;  and  still  later  a  series  «»f  still  higher  but  less  delicately 
formed   flowers  appear  on   tlie  surface.     While  the  grass  is  green 


•I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  233 

tliese  beautiful  plains  are  adorned  with  every  imaginable  variety  of 
color.  It  is  impossible  to  conceive  of  a  greater  diversity,  or  dis- 
cover a  predominating  color,  save  the  green,  whicli  forn)s  a  beauti- 
ful dead  color,  relieving  the  splendor  of  the  others.  In  the  summer 
the  ]ilants  grow  taller,  and  the  colors  more  lively;  in  the  autumn 
another  generation  of  flowers  arises  which  possesses  less  clearness 
and  variety  of  color  and  less  fragrancy.  In  the  winter  the  prairie 
presents  a  melancholy  aspect.  Often  the  fire,  which  the  hunters 
annually  send  over  the  prairies  in  order  to  dislodge  the  game,  will 
destroy  the  eiitire  vegetation,  giving  to  the  soil  a  uniform  black  ap- 
pearance, like  that  of  a  vast  plain  of  charcoal;  then  the  wind  sweep- 
ing over  the  prairie  will  find  nothing  which  it  might  ])ut  in  motion, 
no  leaves  which  it  might  disperse,  no  haulms  which  it  might  shake. 
No  sooner  does  the  snow  commence  to  fall  than  the  animals,  unless 
already  frightened  away  by  the  fire,  retire  into  the  forests,  when  the 
most  drear}',  opj^ressive  solitude  will  reign  on  the  burnt  prairies, 
which  often  occupy  many  square  miles  of  territory." 

PRAIRIE    FIRES. 

Fires  would  visit  the  grassy  plains  every  autumn.  The  settlers 
who  had  pushed  out  from  the  timber  took  great  precaution  to  pre- 
vent their  crops,  houses  and  barns  from  being  destroyed,  yet  not 
always  did  they  succeed.  Many  incidents  are  related  of  prairie 
fires."  The  great  conflagrations  were  caused  either  accidentally,  or 
designedly  from  wantonness,  or  with  a  view  of  bewildering  the 
game.  The  fire  often  spread  further  than  it  was  intended  it  should. 
Wherever  were  extensive  prairie  lands,  one-half  was  burned  in  the 
spring  and  the  other  half  in  the  autumn,  in  order  to  produce  a  more 
rapid  growth  of  the  naturally  exhuberant  grass,  destroying  at  the 
same  time  the  tall  and  thick  weed  stalks.  Yiolent  winds  would 
often  arise  and  drive  the  flames  with  such  rapidity  that  riders  on 
the  fleetest  steeds  could  scarcely  escape.  On  the  approach  of  a 
prairie  fire  the  farmer  would  immediately  set  about  "burning  back," 
— that  is,  burning  ofi"  the  grass  close  by  the  fences,  that  the  larger 
fire  upon  arriving  would  become  extinguished  for  want  of  aliment. 
In  order  to  be  able,  however,  to  make  proper  use  of  this  measure  of 
safety,  it  was  very  essential  that  every  farmer  should  encompass 
with  a  ditch  those  of  his  fences  adjoining  the  prairie.  When  known 
that  the  conflagration  could  cause  no  danger,  the  settler,  though 
accustomed  to  them,  could  not  refrain  from  gazing  with  admiration 
upon  the  magnificent  spectacle.  Language  cannot  convey,  words 
cannot  express,  the  faintest  idea  of  the  splendor  and  grandeur  of 
such  a  conflagration  during  the  night.  It  was  as  if  the  pale  queen 
of  night,  disdaining  to  take  her  accustomed  place  in  the  heavens, 
had  dispatched  myriads  upon  myriads  of  messengers  to  light  their 
torches  at  the  altar  of  the  setting  sun  until  all  had  flashed  into  one 
long  and  continuous  blaze. 

The  following  graphic  description  of  prairie  fires  was  written  by 


O  - 

a  traveler  throuj'h  this  retirion  in  1849: 


234 


HISTORY    OK    riKE   OOCNTY. 


*'Soou  tlic  tires  l)C<^)iii  to   kiiulle  wider  ami   rise  lii^^lier  iVoiii  the 
long  grass;  the  gentle   bree/e   increase*!  to  stronger  currents,  anil 


Boon  tanned  the  small,  llickering  blaze  into  tierce  torrent  iiaines, 
which  curled  up  and  leaped  along  in  resistless  splendor;  and  likci 
quickly  raising  the  dark  curtain  from  the  luminous  stage,  the  scenes 
l)et"ore  me  were  suddeidy  changeil,as  if  by  the  magician's  wand,  into 
one  lH)uniiless  amphitlieater,  blazing  from  earth  to  heaven  and 
Bwee|)ing  the  hori/on  ri>und, — columns  of  lurid  llames  sportively 
mounting  up  ti»  the  zetiith,  and  dark  ch»uds  of  crimson  smoke  curl- 
intr  awav  and  aloft  till  thev  nearlv  obscure«l  stars  and  moon,  while 
tlie  rushing,  crashing  sounds,  like  roaring  cutaracts  mingled  with 
distant  thundei'S,  were  almost  deafening;  danger,  death,  glared  all 
around;  it  screameil  for  victim.-;  yet.  notwithstanding  the  immi- 
nent peril  of  prairie  tiro,  .-m-  i>  loth,  irresolute,  almost  unalde  to 
withdraw  or  seek  refuge." 

ISCIDENTS    OK    I'lONKKK    LIFK. 

The  amusements  of  the  nioneore  were  peculiar  u>  themselves. 
Saturday  afternoon  was  a  holiday  in  which  no  man  wiu»  exjHJCted  to 
work.  A  htad  of  pr«Kluce  might  l)e  taken  to  "  town  "  for  sale  or 
tratKc  withtMit  violence  t<»  custom,  but  no  more  serious  labor  could 
be  t»»Ierate<l.  When  on  Saturday  afternoon  the  town  was  r»'ached, 
*Mun  commencetl."  Had  two  neighl>ors  business  to  traubact.  here 
it  was  done.  Horses  were  "  swappe<l,"  ditHculties  settled  and  free 
fights  intluIgtHJ  in.  Hlue  and  red  riblnins  wen>  not  worn  in  those 
days,  ami  whiskv  was  free  as  water;  twelve  and  one  half  cents  would 
buy  a  (juart.  and  ihirtytivu  or  forty  cents  would  buy  a  gallon,  and 
at  such  prices  enormous  quantities  were  consumed.  Qo  to  any 
town  in  the  county  and  tisk  the  tirst  pioneer  you  meet,  he  will  tell 
you    of  notable  Saturday-aff-  i    fights,   either  of  which   to-day 

wtiuhi  till  a  column  of  the  7'.  ..  Xvirs,  with  elaborate  engravings 
to  match.  Indee<l,  tights  on  Saturday  in  the  villages  and  settle- 
ment centers  were  so  customary  that  when  a  Saturday  passed  with 
no  tight  in  the  neigh IwrhiKKl,  it  was  the  occasion  of  considerable 
remark  for  weeks. 

liough,  ready  to  fight,  as  these  pioneers  were,  their  latch-string 
was  always  out.  No  stranger  ever  stopped  at  their  aibins  without 
receiving  a  hearty  welcome. 

The  settler  in  the  early  days  was  not  only  hospitable  but  also 
>hilanthro|»ic,  and  never  neglecte«l  an  «»|)i)ortunity  to  aid  a  neigh- 
or.  lK>use-niisings  were  his  s|)ccial  delight.  Let  a  new-comer 
arrive  in  the  neighborhootl  and  all  were  ready  to  help  him.  One 
would  send  a  bu>hel  or  two  of  potatoes,  another  a  piece  of  meat, 
another  some  other  article  that  could  In;  use<l  to  eke  out  the  larder; 
but  when  the  new-comer  had  his  logs  cut  and  all  ready  for  the  rais- 
ing, then  the  fun  cc»mmence<i.  Teams,  men,  axes,  all  were  on  the 
ground  at  an  early  hour,  logs  were  hauled,  scored,  one  side  hewed, 
it  may  be,  and  l)efbre  night  willing  hands  had  erected  a  residence 
as  comfortable  and  commodious  a&  any  in  the  settlement,  and  at 


I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  235 

night  was  ready  for  the  ''house-warming,"  where  dancing  was  kept 
up  until  the  "  wee  short  hours,"  and  where  all  enjoyed  themselves 
in  a  manner  unknown  to  the  people  of  to-day.  Let  a  neighbor  get 
sick  in  the  fall,  as  frequentl}'  occurred,  and  some  neighbor  would 
inaugurate  a  "  chopping  bee  "  or  corn-gathering,  for  his  benefit, 
when  all  his  fall  work  would  be  done  in  a  day, — corn  gathered  and 
cribbed,  wood  chopped  and  hauled,  and  everything  put  in  good 
shape  for  the  winter.  After  the  day's  labors  were  completed,  song 
and  dance  were  in  order,  and  until  morning,  perhaps,  the  younger 
members  of  the  community  would  keep  up  their  hilarity. 

The  only  amusements  of  the  pioneers  had  a  hospitable,  kindly 
core  and  were  connected  with. some  helpful  act  for  needy  neighbors. 
It  was  not  onlv  in  amusements,  but  in  all  other  acts  of  life  that  this 
kindliness  was  manifested,  as  instances  which  living  witnesses  can 
testify  to  will  illustrate. 

TKADE. 

The  earliest  commercial  transactions  carried  on  in  this  county 
were  but  neighborhood  exchanges,  in  great  part.  True,  now  and 
then  a  farmer  would  load  a  flat-boat  with  beeswax,  honey,  tallow 
and  peltries,  with  perhaps  a  few  bushels  of  wheat  or  corn  or  a  few 
hundred  clapboards,  and  float  down  the  Illinois  or  Mississippi  river 
to  St.  Louis,  or  even  to  New  Orleans,  where  he  would  exchange  his 
produce  for  substantials  in  the  way  of  groceries  and  a  little  ready 
money,  with  which  he  would  return  by  some  one  of  two  or  three 
steam-boats  then  running;  or  if  the  period  of  the  trip  was  before 
the  advent  of  steam-boats  he  would  turn  his  load  into  cash  and 
come  home  on  foot. 

After  the  advent  of  steam-boats  a  new  system  of  commerce  sprang 
up.  Every  town  would  contain  one  or  two  merchants  who  would 
buy  corn,  wheat  and  dressed  hogs  in  the  fall,  store  them  in  ware- 
houses on  the  river  at  some  of  the  "  landings,"  and  when  the  river 
opened  in  the  spring  would  ship  his  winter's  accumulations  to  St. 
Louis,  Cincinnati  or  ISlew  Orleans  for  sale,  and  with  the  proceeds 
visit  New  York  and  lay  in  six  months'  supply  of  goods.  So  far  as 
the  farmer  was  concerned  in  all  these  transactions  money  was  an 
unknown  factor.  Goods  were  always  sold  on  twelve  months'  time 
and  payment  made  with  the  proceeds  of  the  farmers' crops.  When 
the  crops  were  sold  and  the  merchant  satisfied  the  surplus  was  paid 
out.  in  orders  on  the  store  to  laboring  men  and  to  satisfy  other 
creditors.  When  a  day's  work  was  done  by  a  working  man  his 
employer  would  say,  "  Well,  what  store  do  you  want  your  order  on? " 
and  the  order  was  always  cheerfully  accepted. 

Hogs  were  always  sold  ready  dressed.  The  farmer,  if  forehanded, 
would  call  in  his  neighbors  some  bright  fall  or  winter  morning  to 
help  ''kill  hogs."  Immense  kettles  filled  with  water  had  been 
boiling  since  dawn.  The  sleds  of  the  farmer  covered  with  loose 
plank  formed  a  ])latform  for  dressing,  and  a  cask  or  half  hogshead, 
with  an  old  quilt  thrown  over  the  top,  was  prepared  in   which  to 


236  HIPTOKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

6cald.  From  ii  crotcli  of  some  convenient  tree  a  projectinf;  pole 
was  ri<'tre<l  to  \u)\d  tlie  dead  animals.  When  evervthini^  was 
arran^^ed  the  best  shot  of  the  neii^lilwrhood  loaded  his  trusty  rine 
and  the  work  of  killing  commenced.  To  make  a  "  hot^  scjueal  "  in 
6hootinf]^or  ''  shoulder-stick,"  i.  e.,  run  the  point  of  the  knife  used 
into  the  shoulder  instead  of  the  cavity  (»f  the  breast,  was  a  disgrace. 
As  each  hog  fell  the  "sticker"  muuntetl  him  and  plunge<l  a  long, 
well-sharpened  knife  into  his  throat,  and  others  caught  Iiim  by  the 
legs  and  dri'W  him  to  the  scalding  tub  now  tilled  with  hot  water, 
into  which  a  shovel-full  of  good  green-Wt)od  ashes  had  been  thrown. 
The  cleaners  now  took  the  departed  porcine,  immersed  him  head 
first  into  the  scalding  tub,  drew  him  back  and  forward  a  time 
or  two,  tried  the  hair,  and  if  it  would  "  slip'' easily  the  animal 
was  turned  and  the  other  end  underwent  the  same  jirocess.  As 
soon  as  taken  from  the  water  the  scrapers  with  case-knives  went  to 
work  and  soon  had  the  animal  denuded  of  hair,  when  two  stout 
fellows  would  take  it  up  between  them  and  a  third  man  to  manage 
the  "gamlirel  "  (which  was  a  stt»ut  stick  altout  two  feet  long,  shiir|t- 
ened  at  both  ends  to  be  inserted  between  the  muscles  of  the  hind 
legs  at  or  near  the  hock  joint"),  the  animal  would  be  elevated  to  the 
pole  and  the  entrails  removed  by  some  skillful  hand. 

When  the  work  of  killing  was  eoniplcted  and  tlic  hugs  had  tiine 
to  cool,  such  as  were  intended  lor  ilumesti(*  use  were  eut  uj),  the 
lard  tried  out  by  the  women  of  the  household,  and  the  surplus  taken 
to  town  to. market.  In  those  days  almost  every  merchant  had,  at 
the  rear  end  of  iiis  placeof  l)usiness  or  at  some  convenient  ni*igh- 
boring  building,  a  "  pork-house,"  and  would  l)uy  the  ])»»rk  of  his  cus- 
tomers and  of  such  others  tig  would  sell  to  him,  and  "cut"  it  for 
market.  This  gave  employment  to  a  large  number  of  hands  in 
every  village  cutting  pork — work  which  laste<l  all  winter;  also  to  a 
large  numlu-r  of  team.-^  hauling  to  the  river,  and  coopers  making 
pork  barrels. 

J'rices  of  pork  then  were  not  so  high  as  at  present.  Th<»usand8 
of  hogs  dressed  for  market  have  been  sold  in  this  c<-»unty  at  $1.25 
to  ^l.aOijier  hundred  j>ounds:  sometimes  they  were  sold  by  the  dozen, 
bringing  from  ^^12  to  Sis  per  dozen,  owing  to  size  and  ijualit}'. 
When,  as  the  county  grew  older  and  communications  easier  between 
the  seaboard  and  the  great  West,  prices  went  u|)  to  $2  and  $2.50  per 
linndred  j»ounds,  the  farmers  thought  they  would  always  be  c<-»ntent 
to  raise  pork  at  such  a  tine  price. 

There  was  one  feature  in  this  method  of  buying  pork  that  made 
any  town  in  Pike  county  a  ])aradise  for  the  poor  man  in  winter. 
"  Spare-ribs,  "  "  tender  loins,  "  "  jugs'  heads  "  and  "  feet  "  were  not 
considered  of  anv  value,  and  were  «;iven  freelv  to  all  who  asked.  If 
a  barrel  were  taken  to  any  pork-house  and  salt  furnished,  the  l«arrel 
would  l)e  tilled  and  salted  down  with  tender  loins  or  spare-ribs  for 
nothing.  So  great  in  many  cjises  was  the  quantity  of  spare-ribs, 
etc.,  to  be  disposed  of,  that  they  would  be  hauled  away  in  wagon 
loads  and  dumped  in  the  woods  out  of  town. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  237 

In  those  da3''S  if  wheat  l)rought  half  a  dollar  per  bushel  the 
fanner  was  satisfied.  A  good  young  niilch-cow  could  be  bought  for 
from  $5  to^lO,  and  that  payable  in  work. 

Those  might  truly  be  called  close  times,  yet  the  citizens  of  the 
county  were  accommodating,  and  no  case  of  actual  suffering  fi>r  the 
necessaries  of  life  was  known  to  exist  before  each  vied  with  the 
other  to  relieve  it. 

PREACHING  OF  THE  GOSPEL. 

The  early  settlers  were  not.  entirely  without  preaching.  Says  an 
old  pioneer  on  this  subject:  "The  ministers  of  the  gospel  of  the 
Savior  of  the  world  hunted  us  up  and  ])reached  to  what  few  there 
were;  therefore,  we  did  not  degenerate  and  turn  heathen,  as  any 
community  will  where  the  sound  of  the  gospel  is  not  heard.  I  shall 
not  give  their  names,  though  sacred  in  memory,  fur  they  were  not 
after  the  fleece,  but  after  the  flock,  because  they  had  but  little  to 
say  about  science  and  philosophy,  bat  spoke  of  purer  things." 

In  speaking  of  the  early  preachers  Col.  Wra.  Ross,  in  a  letter 
read  before  the  first  meeting  of  the  Old  Settlers'  Association,  said: 
*' Among  my  early  recollections  are  the  faithful  services  rendered 
by  pioneer  ministers  of  the  gospel,  among  whom  the  name  of 
Brother  Trotter  is  faTniliar.  He  rendered  faithful  services  as  a 
minister  of  Christ,  and  was  well  received  bj'  all  Christian  denomina- 
tions as  a  liberal-minded  Christian  and  a  nobleman.  " 

Rev.  W.  D.  Trotter,  the  gentleman  above  referred  to,  was  present 
at  this  meeting,  and  reviewed  the  hardships  and  trials  of  the  early 
settlers  of  Pike  county  to  the  great  entertainment  of  the  audience. 
He  had  been  a  missionary  in  this  county  as  early  as  1830.  He  ex- 
hibited a  balance  sheet  of  his  receipts  and  expenditures  during 
the  year  1832-'3,  in  what  was  then  called  Blue  River  Mission.  He 
received  from  the  mission  888;  the  conference  paid  him  812  in  ad- 
dition, making  his  salary  8100  for  his  services  for  the  year. 

Hon.  Wm.  A.  Grinshaw  delivered  the  oration  of  the  occasion 
and  referred  to  this  subject  in  the  followincr  language:  "  We  all 
worship  Grod  according  to  the  dictates  of  our  own  conscience,  and 
under  our  vine  and  fig  tree.  When  Brother  Trotter,  who  is  now 
present,  venerable  with  years  and  revered  for  piety,  or  old  Father 
Wolf,  now  gathered  to  his  fathers,  blessed  for  his  good  deeds,  came 
around  to  his  appointment,  all  of  every  religion  and  no  one  religion 
turned  out  to  meeting  in  the  woods  or  the  log  school-house,  or  at 
a  settler's  home;  we  had  no  fine  churches  in  those  days.  Mormons 
puzzled  the  unwary  by  their  startling  pretense  at  new  revelations. 
Or,  if  disappointed  by  the  regular  minister,  old  Father  Petty  would 
recite  in  prayer  Belshazzar's  feast  in  trembling  tones  of  piety." 

In  early  day  when  public  gathei-ings  were  occasions  of  great  ex- 
citement and  means  of  conveyance  rare  the  people  would  walk  a 
great  way  to  church.  Girls  have  been  known  to  walk  six  miles  to 
church,   to  "  meeting  "  as  it  was  termed  in  those  days.     Persons 


238  HISTORY    OF    IMKE   COUNTY. 

very  often  woultl  ride  horseback,  two  or  three  on  ahorse,  and  so  ten 
or  tiltuen  niiles  in  this  way,  brin^in^  aU)ni;  their  bread  and  cheeBe, 
Until  public  buihlin^s  were  erected  meetings  wonkl   be  held  in 
private  house:!,  as  they  were  olVered  by  their  owners,  or  in  groves. 

EDUCATKtN. 

Though  struggling  through  the  pressure  of  poverty  and  privation 
the  early  settlers  planted  among  them  the  school-house  at  tlie  earli- 
est ])ractical  period.  So  impt»rtant  an  object  as  the  education  of 
their  children  they  tlid  not  defer  until  they  could  build  more  comely 
and  convenii'Ut  houses.  Tlu'V  were  tor  a  time  content  with  such  as 
corresponded  with  their  rude  dwellings,  but  soon  better  buildings 
and  accommodations  were  provided.  As  may  readily  be  supposed, 
the  accommodations  of  tlie  earliest  ficluxds  were  not  gitod.  Some- 
tinies  8clu)oLs  were  taught  in  Muall  log  house^  erected  for  the  pur- 
pose. Stoves  and  such  heating  apparatus  as  are  now  in  use  were 
unknown.  A  mud-and-stick  chimney  in  one  end  of  the  building, 
with  eartlu-n  hearth  and  tire-place  wide  and  deej*  enough  t<»  take 
in  a  four-foot  back-log,  and  Muallrr  wuud  to  m  itch,  served  for  warm- 
ing purposes  in  winter  and  a  kind  of  conserva:  try  in  summer.  For 
windoWH,  part  (»f  a  log  was  cutout  in  either  de  antl  may  be  a  few 
lights  of  eight-by-ten  glass  set  in,  or  just  as  likely  as  not  the 
ajierture  wi»uld  l>e  covered  over  with  greased  paper.  Writing 
benches  were  made  of  wide  planks,  or  likely  puncheons,  rrsting  on 

E ins  or  arms,  driven  into  two-inch  auger-holes  bored  into  the  logs 
LMieath  the  windows.  Seats  were  ma<le  out  of  j»uncheons,  and 
flooring  of  the  same  material.  Everything  was  rmle  and  j)lain,  but 
many  of  'America's  grt•at^*^t  men  have  gone  out  trom  just  such 
school-houses  to  grapple  with  the  world  and  make  names  for  them- 
selves, ami  have  come  to  be  an  iionor  to  their  country.  Among 
these  we  can  name  Altraham  Lincoln,  «mr  martyred  IVesident,  one 
of  the  noblest  men  evor  kn<»wn  to  the  worlil's  histt»ry.  Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  one  of  the  greatest  statesmen  of  the  age,  l>egan  his  career 
in  Illinois  teaching  in  one  of  these  j)rinjitive  sclKKd-houses. 

Thitii's  are  chauired  now.  We  no  loijirer  see  the  loir  school-house. 
Tluir  places  are  hlletl  with  handsome  frame  or  brick  structures, 
which,  for  elegance  and  beauty  of  design,  rival  those  of  older 
settled  countries;  and  in  place  of  the  "masters"  who  were  "  looked 
up  to  "  as  superior  beings,  and  were  consulted  on  all  matters  of  law, 
physic  and  religion,  there  are  teachers  of  liberal  culture,  intelligent 
and  progressive,  many  of  whom  have  a  broad  an<l  comjtrehensive 
idea  of  education,  and  regard  their  labor  as  something  more  than 
merely  teaching  in  order  to  make  a  living, — more  than  a  knowledge 
of  a  great  number  t»f  facts  in  the  great  universe  of  mind  and  mat- 
ter. It  means  culture,  the  developing  and  disciplining  of  all  the 
faculties  of  the  human  mind.  It  is  the  comprehension  of  the  entire 
being  of  man.  And  the  school  or  teacher  who  takes  charge  and  care 
of  the  young  should  provide  the  means  and  methods  for  carrying 
forward  the  })rocess  in  all  departments  of  their  complex  nature, 
physical,  mental  and  spiritual. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  239 


EARLY  MILLING. 


One  of  the  greatest  difficulties  encountered  by  the  early  settlers 
was  in  having  their  milling  done.  B}'  a  liberal  a])plication  of  enter- 
prise and  muscle  they  experienced  but  little  trouble  in  producing 
an  abundance  of  the  cereals,  but  having  it  converted  into  breadstuff 
was  a  source  of  much  hard  labor.  The  hand-mill  introduced  was  a 
great  improvement  over  the  mortar  or  tin  grater,  a  description  of 
which  is  given  elsewhere  in  this  volume.  Ihen  the  band-mill  was 
introduced. 

John  Shaw  ran  a  horse-mill  for  a  time  in  Calhoun  count}-,  where 
the  earliest  settlers  sometimes  went,  but  it  appears  he  soon  aban- 
doned it.  Wm.  Ross  then  started  one  at  Atlas.  The  burrs  of  this 
mill  were  limestone,  and  it  is  said  that  in  every  bushel  of  meal 
ground  in  this  mill  there  would  be  a  peck  of  stone  dust.  Many  of 
the  settlers  had  to  travel  long  distances  to  mill,  and  then  often  wait 
for  several  days  before  they  could  get  their  grist. 

After  the  large  mill  was  built  at  Rockport  it  was  the  great  center 
for  milling  for  all  this  section  of  country. 

MORMONS. 

The  Mormons  first  settled  at  "Mormontown,"  about  three  miles 
east  of  Pittsfield,  in  1839,  and  by  1845  there  were  3U0  voters  in  that 
settlement.  They  were  quiet  and  harmless.  On  the  building  of 
Nauvoo  most  of  them  removed  to  that  place.  They  tried  to  work 
some  miracles  about  Pittsfield,  but  not  with  very  signal  success. 
We  heard  of  but  one  crime  committed  by  them  during  their  career 
in  this  county,  and  that  was  not  particularly  a  Mormon  crime.  A 
man  among  them  named  Benj.  Sweat  was  convicted  of  passing 
counterfeit  gold  :  was  caught  at  Jacksonville.  He  was  very  poor 
and  excited  the  sympathies  of  the  people,  and  a  petition  was  pre- 
sented for  his  release,  which  was  granted. 

COTTON. 

In  ])ioneer  times  a  little  cotton  was  raised  in  the  Military  Tract, 
and  as  late  as  1861  and  1862  there  was  cotton  raised  in  Pikecounty. 
Lindsay  Dilworth,  living  eight  miles  from  Pittsfield,  raised  17 
pounds  from  three  rows,  each  100  feet  long.  One-half  of  it  was 
frost-bitten  :  the  remainder  was  white  and  fine-fibered.  In  1862 
Wm.  Ross,  jr.,  raised  some  very  good  cotton. 

ASTATIC  CHOLERA. 

While  this  scourge  wrought  great  devastation  in  some  sections  of 
the  United  States  in  1848-'9,  Pikecounty  almost  escaped  its  ravages. 
In  and  about  Pittsfield  Dr.  Comstock,  DeWitt  St.  John,  David 
Ober  and  wife,  Mr.  Main,  Alvin  Hash's  wife  and  several  strangers 
died,  and  at  Kinderhook  there  were  15  or  20  cases  of  the  disease. 
It  seemed  to  have  got  out  into  the  county  from  Louisian,a,  whither 
it  had  been  brought    by  steamers    from  the  lower  Mississippi. 


240 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


STATE    IMl'ROVEMENTS, 

The  celebrated  internal  iniprovonient  svstein  innuirurated  bv  the 
State  in  lS3r»-'7  did  not  ijive  Pike  county  any  railr(ia<ls  or  e-anals, 
or  even  proiiiise  any;  but  an  ajtprupriatiun  of  several  tluiusand 
dollars  was  made,  which  was  economically  expended  in  the  im- 
provement of  hifjhways.  Commissioners  were  appointed,  men 
were  hired  to  superintend  the  work,  and  wa^on  roads  were  niatle 
evener  or  inijiroved  from  Quincy  through  the  northeastern  j>art 
of  the  county,  from  Pittstield  to  Florence,  and  one  from  Grigi^sville 
to  the  Illinois  river.  These  works  were  completed,  however,  by 
county  and  township  aid. 

OKIOIN  OK    NAMK8  OF  CKKKKS. 

McCraney's  creek,  formerly  called  •'  McDonald's  creek,"  by  the 
Government  survey,  wa.s  named  after  McCraney,  who  was  the  first 
settler  \\\H>n  its  banks,  lie  was  a  man  of  ;;reiit  endui'ance  and  a 
skillful  s|»ortsman.  One  day  he  cluised  down  a  ^ray  wolf  with  his 
horse,  when  he  place*!  one  foot  upon  the  animal's  neck  an<l  with 
the  other  succeeded  in  breaking  his  let^s  so  that  he  could  get  some- 
thiiiij  with  whieh  to  eompletoly  dispatch   him. 

Iladley  ereek  was  named  after  t'ol.  Levi  lladley,  an  early  settler. 

Dutch  Church  creek  was  named  after  a  rocky  blull  near  its  bank 
whieh  is  6Uppose<l  to  resemble  an  old  Dutch  church  in  the  city  of 
Albany,  X.  1 .     Keyes  creek   W}u>  named  after  Willard  Keyes. 

Ambrosia  ereek  was  named  from  the  purity  of  its  waters. 

Two- Mile  creek  was  named  from  its  croMhinir  the  blufi'  two  miles 
from  Atlas. 

Six-Mile  creek  is  six  miles  below  Atlas. 

Bay  creek  was  so  calle<l  from  the  bay  into  which  it  runs. 

FIRST  TlilNliS  IN  PIKE  CODNTV. 

The  first  settler  in  Pike  county  was  Ebenezer  F'ranklin,  who 
als<i  cut  the  first  tree  and  built  tlie  first  log  cabin,  in   1820. 

The  first  white  person  born  in  the  county  was  Xancv,  daughter 
to  Col.  Wm.  Ross,  at  Atlas,  May  1.  1^-J2.  who  died  Nov.  Is,  the 
same  year. 

Marcellus  Ross,  n<»w  living  one  mile  ea^t  of  Pittsfield,  was  the 
first  white  male  child  born  in  Pike  county. 

The  first  deatli  in  the  countv  was  that  of  Clarendon  Ross,  at 
Atlas. 

Daniel  Shinn  brought  the  first  wagon  into  the  county  in  1820. 

Col.  Benj.  Barney  was  the  first  blacksmith  in  the  county,  erect- 
ing his  shop  at  Atlas  in  1826.  He  also  burned  the  first  coal  in  the 
county,  it  having  been  shipped  from  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

James  Ross  brought  ana  used  the  first  grain  cradle  here,  in  1828. 

James  Ross  also  e«|ui])ped  and  ran  the  first  turner's  lathe  and 
cabinet  shop,  at  Atlas,  in  1828. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  241 

Col.  Win.  Ross  built  the  first  brick  house  in  tlie  county,  at  Atlas, 
in  1S21. 

He  also  erected  the  first  store  build ini;,  at  Atlas,  in  1826,  and 
also  the  first  ^rist-niill,  a  band-mill,  at  Atlas,  about  the  same  time. 

Fieldiui,'  liaiikswas  the  first  to  follow  tanniui,'  in  Pike  county. 

The  first  Circuit  Court  was  held  at  Coles'  Grove,  Oct.  1,  1821. 

The  first  Court  at  Atlas  was  held  "  the  first  Thursday  after  the 
fourth  Monday  in  April,"  which  would  be  May  1,  1823. 

The  first  court-house  within  the  present  limits  of  Pike  county 
was  built  at  Atlas  in  182-1. 

The  firijt  jail  was  erected  at  Atlas  in  1824.  * 

The  first  school  was  taught  at  Atlas  by  John  Jay  Ross  in  1822. 

The  tirst  Church  was  organized  in  the  Ross  family  at  Atlas  prior 
to  1830.     It  was  Congregational. 

The  first  church  building  in  Pittsfield  was  the  Congregational,^ 
and  built  by  Col.  Ross. 

Capt.  Hale,  a  Ba])tist  minister,  probably  organized  the  first  Baptist 
church  in  Pike  county. 

The  tirst  library  was  founded  at  Atlas,  about  1833-'4. 

The  first  Fourth-of-July  celebration  was  held  at  Atlas  in  1823. 

The  first  political  meeting  was  held  in  Montezuma  township  in 
1834,  when  Col.  Ross,  who  was  running  for  the  Legislature,  made 
a  speech.  About  50  voters  were  present,  besides  boys.  No  nomi- 
natioTis  or  appointments  were  made. 

The  first  whisky  distilled  in  the  county  was  manufactured  by  Mr. 
Milhizer  in  1826. 

The  first  wheat  was  raised  by  Col.  Ross  and  Mr.  Seeley  near 
Atlas,  which  was  also  the  first  ground  in  Pike  county  and  made 
into  biscuit.     The  flour  was  bolted  through  book  muslin. 

The  tirst  apples  were  raised  by  Alfred  Bissell,  near  New  Hartfoid, 
and  the  first  at  Pittsfield  by  Col.  Wm.  Ross. 

The  first  man  hung  in  the  Militar}'^  Tract  was  a  Mr.  Cunning- 
ham, at  Quincy. 

The  first  man  executed  in  Pike  county  was  Bartholomew  Barnes, 
at  Pittsfield.  Dec.  29,  1872. 

The  first  State  Senator  elected  from  Pike  county  was  Col.  Wm. 
Ross. 

The  first  County  Commissioners  were  Capt.  Leonard  Ross,  John 
Shaw  and  "VVm.  Ward. 

The  first  County  Treasurer  was  Nathaniel  Shaw,  appointed  in 
1821. 

The  first  County  and  Circuit  Clerk  was  James  W.  Whitney. 

T.  L.  Hall,  of  Detroit  tp.,  taught  tlie  first  singing  school,  at  Atlas. 

The  first  Justices  of  the  Peace  were  Ebenezer  Smith  and  Stephen 
Dewev,  appointed  in  1821. 

The  first  Constable  was  Belus  Jones,  appointed  in  1821. 

The  first  Masonic  lodge  was  held  up-stairs,  at  the  house  of  Col. 
Ross,  in  Atlas,  between  1830  and  1834.  The  desk  used  on  the 
occasion  is  still  in  the  possession  of  Marcellus  Ross.     It  is  a  plain 


242  HISTOKY   OF    PIKE  COUNTY. 

box,  strongly  Imilt,  fifteen  iiiclies  8(ju:irt'  and  two  ami  oiie-liall  feet 
hiifli,  and  cuntains  two  shelves.  In  one  side  is  a  door  swung  on 
hinges. 


WHAT  THE  PIONEEUS  HAVE  DONE. 


Pike  eounty  is  a  grand  e*)unty,  in  many  respects  second  to  none 
in  the  State,  and  in  almost  everything  that  goes  to  make  a  live, 
prosi)erous  community,  not  far  hohind  the  best.  Beneath  its  fertile 
soil  is  coal  eriough  to  siij>|dy  the  State  for  generations;  its  harvests 
are  i»ountiful;  it  enjoys  a  metlium  clin)ate  and  many  other  things 
that  make  them  a  contented,  j)rosj)erous  and  haj)jiy  j)e«i|»le;  hut  the 

1)eoj)lo  owe  much  to  those  who  opened  up  these  avenues  that  have 
ed  to  their  present  comlition  an«l  happy  surroundings.  Unr^'init- 
ting  toil  and  lal)or  have  drivi-n  «itr  the  sickly  miasmas  that  hroodt-d 
over  ^wampy  juairirij.  Knergy  ami  per^everanee  have  j»e«»j>leil  every 
section  of  the  wild  lands,  and  changed  them  from  wastvs  and  deserts 
to  gardens  of  beauty  and  i»rofit.  When  but  a  few  years  ago  the 
barking  widvos  madtt  the  night  hideous  with  their  wild  shrieKsand 
howls,  now  is  heard  oiily  the  lowing  and  bleating  of  domestic  ani- 
mals. Only  a  iuilf  century  ago  the  wild  whoop  of  the  Indian  rent 
the  air  where  nc»w  are  heard  the  engine  ami  rumbling  trains  of  ears, 
bearing  away  to  markets  the  prodm-ts  of  the  ^oil  and  the  labor  of 
its  people.  Then  the  savage  built  his  rude  huts  on  the  spot  where 
now  rise  the  dwellings  and  school  houses  and  church  spires  <»f  civil- 
ized life.  IIow  great  the  transformation!  This  change  has  been 
brought  about  by  the  incessant  t(»il  and  aggregated  labor  of  thou- 
sands of  tiretl  hands  and  anxious  hearts,  and  the  nol)le  asj)ir:itions 
of  such  men  and  women  as  make  any  country  irreat.  \\  hat  will 
another  half  century  accomplish  f 

There  are  few,  very  few,  of  these  <dd  |)ioneers  yet  lingering  on  the 
shores  of  tinje  as  connecting  links  of  the  pant  with  the  present. 
AVhat  must  their  thoughth  Ik.*  as  with  their  dim  eyes  they  view  the 
scenes  that  surround  them?  We  often  hear  people  talk  about  the 
old-fogy  ideas  and  fogy  ways,  and  want  of  enterprise  on  the  part  of 
the  (dd  men  wh«»  have  gone  through  the  ex|»eriences  nf  j>ioneer  life. 
Sometimes,  j»erhaps,  such  remarks  are  just,  but,  considering  the 
experiences,  educ^tiois  and  entire  life  of  such  men,  such  remarks  are 
better  unsai«l.  They  have  luul  their  trials,  misfortunes,  hardships 
and  adventures,  and  shall  we  now,  as  they  are  jtas.xing  far  down  the 
western  declivity  of  life,  and  many  of  them  gone,  jxiint  to  them  the 
finger  of  derision  and  laugh  and  sneer  at  the  simi»licity  of  their 
ways?  Let  us  rather  cheer  them  up,  revere  and  respect  them,  for 
beneath  those  nuigh  exteriors  beat  hearts  as  noble  as  ever  throbbed 
in  the  human  breast.  These  veterans  have  l)een  comj>elled  to  live 
for  weeks  ui)on  homir.y  and,  if  bread  at  all,  it  was  bread  made  from 
corn  ground  in  hand-mills,  or  pounded  up  with  mortars.  'Iheir 
children  have  been  destitute  of  siioes  during  the  winter  ;  their 
families  had  no  clothing  excej)t  what  was  carded,  s])un,  wove  and 
made  into  garments  by  their  own  hands;  schools  they  had  none; 


^^'t^.  (/V^/Z/^-^vy/  :^/^w 


^C 


4- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  245 

churches  thej'  had  none;  afflicted  with  sickness  incident  to  all  new 
countries,  sometimes  the  entire  family  at  once;  luxuries  of  lite  they 
had  none;  the  auxiliaries,  improvements,  inventions  and  labor-sav- 
ing machinery  of  to-day  they  had  not;  and  what  they  possessed  they 
obtained  by  the  hardest  of  labor  and  individual  exertions;  yet  they 
bore  these  hardshi])s  and  privations  without  murmuring,  hoping  for 
better  times  to  come,  and  often,  too,  with  but  little  prospects  of 
realization. 

As  before  mentioned,  the  changes  written  on  every  hand  are  most 
wonderful.  It  has  been  but  three-score  years  since  the  white  man 
began  to  exercise  dominion  over  this  region,  erst  the  home  of  the 
red  man,  yet  the  visitor  of  to-da}',  ignorant  of  the  past  of  the  connty, 
could  scarcely  be  made  to  realize  that  within  these  years  there  has 
grown  up  a  population  of  50,000  people,  who  in  all  the  accomplish- 
ments of  life  are  as  far  advanced  as  are  inhabitants  of  the  counties  of 
older  States.  Schools,  churches,  colleges,  palatial  dwellings,  beauti- 
ful grounds,  large,  well-cultivated  and  productive  farms,  as  well  as 
cities,  towns  and  busy  manufactories,  have  grown  up,  and  occupy 
the  hunting  grounds  and  camping  places  of  the  Indians,  and  in 
every  direction  there  are  evidences  of  wealth,  comfort  and  luxury. 
There  is  but  little  left  of  the  old  landmarks.  Advanced  civilization 
and  the  progressive  demands  of  revolving  years  have  obliterated 
all  traces  of  Indian  occupancy,  until  they  are  only  remembered  in 
name. 

In  closing  this  chapter  we  again  would  impress  upon  the  minds 
of  our  readers  the  fact  that  they  owe  a  debt  of  gratitude  to  those 
who  pioneered  Pike  county,  which  can  be  but  partially  repaid. 
Never  grow  unmindful  of  the  peril  and  adventure,  fortitude,  self- 
sacrifice  and  heroic  devotion  so  prominently  displayed  in  their  lives. 
As  time  sweeps  on  its  ceaseless  flight,  may  the  cherished  memories 
of  them  lose  none  of  their  greenness,  but  may  the  future  genera- 
tions alike  cherish  and  perpetuate  them  with  a  just  devotion  to 
gratitude. 

^  16 


CHAPTER  III. 
ORGANIC  UISTORY. 

TUE    MILITARY  TRACT. 

At  the  close  of  tlie  war  between  the  United  States  and  Eiifrland 
in  1812  our  G«)verninent  laiil  oil"  a  tract  of  land  in  Illinois  for  the 
soldiers  who  iiarticipated  in  that  war.  The  land  thus  appropriated 
was  einhraeol  in  the  re;;ion  Ix'twecn  the  Mississij)pi  and  the  Illinois 
rivers,  and  south  of  the  north  line  of  MerciT  county.  Its  northern 
boundary,  therefore,  ran  ea.st  to  Peru  on  the  Illinois  river,  and  a 
little  south  of  the  middle  of  Bureau  and  Henry  counties.  To  it  the 
name  '*  Military  Tract"  was  ^iven,  and  by  that  name  this  section  is 
still  known.  Within  this  Ixmndary  is  emltraced  one  of  the  most 
fertile  re;^ions  of  the  ijlol>e.  Scurcely  had  Con^re^s  ma«]e  the  proper 
provisions  to  enable  the  s^ildiers  to  secure  their  land  ere  a  few  of  the 
most  darin»j  and  resolute  started  to  p«:)sse88  it.  There  were  only  a 
few,  however,  wh(»  at  first  regarded  their  **  <juarter-secti<m  "  of  suf- 
ficient value  to  induce  them  to  endure  the  hardships  of  the  pioneer 
in  its  settlement  and  imj)rovement.  Many  of  them  sold  their  patent 
to  a  tine  "  prairie  quarter  "  in  this  county  for  one  hundred  dollars, 
others  for  less,  while  some  tra<led  theirs  for  a  horse,  a  cow,  or  a 
watch,  regarding  theinselves  as  just  so  much  ahead.  It  is  said  that 
an  old  shoemaker,  of  New  York  city,  bought  several  as  fine  quarters 
of  lantl  as  are  in  Pike  county  with  a  j)air  of  shoes.  He  would  make 
a  pair  of  shoes  for  which  the  sohlier  woiild  deed  him  his  "patent 
quarter"  of  land.  This  was  a  source  of  no  little  trouble  t(»  the 
actual  settlers,  for  they  couM  not  always  tell  which  quarter  of  land 
belonged  to  a  soldier,  or  which  was  "  Congress  land  and  could  be 
pre-empted.  Even  when  a  settler  found  a  suitaljlo  location  known 
to  be  ''  patent  land."  with  a  desire  to  purchase,  he  experienced  great 
difficulty  in  finding  the  owner,  and  often  did  not  find  him  until  he  had 
put  hundreds  of  dollars'  worth  of  improvements  on  it,  when  the 
patentee  was  sure  to  turn  up.  Many  of  the  early  settlers  presumed 
that  the  owner  never  would  be  known;  but  in  many  instances,  after 
a  patent  quarter-section  was  made  valuable  by  improvement,  the 
original  patent  would  be  brought  on  by  some  one,  who  would 
oust  the  occupant  and  take  possession,  sometimes  paying  him  some- 
thing for  his  improvements  and  sometimes  not     Many  holders  of 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  247 

patents  had  no  pity.  This  condition  of  affairs  presented  a  tempta- 
tion tu  merciless  ''land-sharks,"  who  would  come  into  this  section 
and  work  uj)  cases,  ostensihly  tor  the  original  patentees,  but  really 
for  their  own  pockets.  The  most  notorious  of  these  was  one  Tvdiver 
Craig,  who  actually  made  it  a  business  to  forge  patents  and  deeds. 
This  he  cari-ied  on  extensively  from  184:7  to  1854,  especially  in 
Knox  and  Fulton  counties,  and  to  some  extent  in  Pike.  He  had 
forty  bogus  tleeds  put  on  record  in  one  day  at  Knoxville.  He  was 
arrested  in  New  York  State,  in  1854,  by  O.  M.  Boggess,  of  Mon- 
mouth, and  taken  to  the  jail  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  he  attempted 
suicide  by  arsenic;  but  at  the  end  of  the  year  he  was  released  on 
bail. 

PIKE  COUNTY. 

As  a  part  of  the  Territory  of  Illinois  in  1790  all  of  that  j^ortion 
of  Illinois  south  of  what  is  now  Peoria  was  made  a  county  and 
named  St.  Clair,  in  honor  of  Gen.  St.  Clair,  Governor  of  the 
Northwestern  Territory.  Cohokia  was  the  county-seat  of  this 
county.  In  1S12  that  part  of  Illinois  Territory  above  St.  Louis 
was  created  into  a  county  called  Madison,  with  Edwardsville  as 
the  county-seat.  Illinois  was  admitted  as  a  State  in  1818,  and  in 
1821  all  that  part  of  Madison  county  between  the  Mississippi  and 
Illinois  rivers  was  organized  into  a  county  and  named  Pike.  Its 
name  was  chosen  in  honor  of  Gen.  Pike,  of  the  war  of  1812.  The 
tract  of  country  now  known  as  Pike  county  was  surve^'ed  by  the 
Government  in  the  years  1817-'9,  and  soon  afterward  attracted  at- 
tention on  account  of  its  natural  advantages  for  commerce,  fertility 
of  soil  and  abundance  of  water.  It  is  the  oldest  county  in  the 
Military  Tract,  and  one  of  the  largest,  containing  510,7(54  acres,  or 
800  square  miles,  in  23  townships.  The  following  is  a  copy  of  the 
act  organizing  the  county  : 

An  act  to  porm  a  new  county  on  the  bounty  lands.    Appro\i:d  Jan.  31, 18-21. 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted,  etc.,  that  ull  that  traet  of  couutrj'  within  the  follow- 
ing boundaries,  to  wit:  Beginning  at  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois  river  and  running 
thence  up  the  middle  of  said  river  to  the  fork  of  the  same,  thence  up  the  south 
fork  of  said  river  until  it  strikes  the  State  line  of  Indiana,  thence  north  with  said 
line  to  the  north  boundary  line  of  this  State,  thence  we.><t  with  said  line  to  the  west 
boundary  line  of  this  State,  and  thence  with  said  line  to  the  place  of  beginning, 
shall  constitute  a  separate  count}-  to  be  called  Pike. 

Sec.  2.  Be  it  further  enacted  that  there  shall  be  appointed  the  following  per- 
8on.s,  towit:  Levi  Roberts,  John  Shaw  and  Nicholas  Hanson,  to  meet  at  the 
house  of  Levi  Roberts,  in  said  county,  on  or  before  tlie  first  day  of  March  next,  to 
fix  the  temporary'  .seat  of  ju.stice  of  said  county,  the  said  seat  of  justice  to  be  south 
of  the  base  line  of  said  county. 

Sec.  :{.  Be  it  furtlier  enacted,  etc.,  that  the  citizens  of  Pike  county  be  hereby 
declared  entitled  in  all  respects  to  the  same  rights  and  privileges  that  are  allowed 
in  general  to  other  counties  in  the  State. 

Sec.  4.  Be  it  further  enacted,  etc.,  that  said  county  of  Pike  be  and  form  a  part 
of  the  first  judicial  circuit. 

This  act  to  take  effect  and  be  in  force  from  and  after  its  passage. 


248  HISTOEV    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

COUNTY-SEAT  LOCATED. 

The  fullowini^  act  was  j)a6sed  at  the  next  session  of  the  Legisla- 
ture : 

An  act  DsriMKo  rae  boi'moabieb  ur'I'iKB  oodnti,  and  roB  otukr  ruuroasB.      Ai'rnuvBU 

Dec.  »>.  I8i;. 

8k»tiun  1  .  Hf  it  cnacU'd  by  the  jH'oplf  of  the  Htnlv  of  Illinois  represi-nteil  lu 
OeiitTiil  Asscinlily,  tliiil  tlir  cnunty  of  I'ikc  sluill  Ik-  hoiiiKicd  us  fctlluws,  to  wit : 
On  tin- noriii  liy  tin- bji-^e  lim*;  on  the  rattt  l»v  iIh'  Illinoi>  rivrr;  ontlirwisi  l)y 
thi'  Mi--i^si()|)i ;  imd  nil  the  rest  and  re«iifue  of  tlie  territory,  <-oin|)osing  the 
county  <>r  I'lkc  hcfon-  the  piissaire  of  this  a«t,  nliall  he  attaehed  to,  and  he  apart  of, 
said  county  until  oiherwiv^'  di«pi>s4'dof  by  the  (ieneral  A-'.senibly  ol   lhi>  Stale. 

Sac.  'J.  Ue  it  furtluT  enael«tl.  etc ..  for  the  purpov  <>f  fixing  the  pernianctit 
Boat  of  justice  of  said  county,  the  followini;  jmtxuis  in-  und  the  sanu-  are  hiril)y 
appoinl4-d  Coinmis^ioiiin*.  to  wit :  (Jarrett  \  aiiDuHen,  ()s>iun  M  .  Hoss,  .lolm  M. 
Binith,  Daniel  K«inl  and  Daniel  Shinu,  wlio,  after  being  duly  sworn  by  Minie  judge 
or  juMice  of  the  peace  of  this  State,  faithfully  and  imparthilly  to  discharge  the 
duties  imposed  upon  them  by  this  act.  shall  meet  at  the  houv  of  .lulm  Shaw,  in 
ttaid  county,  on  or  b«'t<ir'-  the  llrst  day  of  Manli  next,  and  prineitl  to  de(<-rmineon 
the  permarn  Ml  ;  e  of  !^ii»l  couniy,  and  li  >  the  Hanie,  takini?  into 

consideration  lii  i  and  convenieme  of  th'   .      ,     .  th<:  future  population 

of  the  county,  and  the  health  and  eligibility  ot  the  place;  and  they  are  hereby 
authorizwl  to  n-ceive  aa  a  donation  for  tin-  us«'  of  said  <"ounty  any  (|uanlily  of 
land  that  may  lie  determined  on  by  them,  from  any  proprietor  that  may  i  Iioohc  to 
offer  «ii        ■  ■  •  A        1,   plitce.  idetirmin<d  u|M)n,  the  said 

Comuji-  thi'ir   l>  dn.  and  return  th<'  same  to 

next  Commiivsiiinen*  of  Court  in  said  c<»unty,  which  «ball  caUM-  an  entry  there- 
of to  be  maile  Upon  their  IkmjRs  of  reconl . 

8hc.  8.  lie  it  further  enactwl.clc.,  ibal  the  said  Commissioners  shall  re<-eive, 
as  a  comiM-naaliou  for  their  M-r  '  •    sum  of  two  dollars  per  tlay  for  each  day 

by  them  neceanarily  sjM-nt   in  d  .ig  the  clutics  im|K>iied  upon  them  liy  this 

ait,  to  l>e  allowe4.1  by  the  Commitmiuiteni  of  tlie  Court,  and  paid  out  of  the  county 
trca-uiy. 

I'ursiiaiit  to  that  portion  <»!'  the  ali<»ve  act  as  rohitin;;  to  h)cating 
the  county  seat,  the  l'<Mninissioners  made  thrir  re|M)rt  t<i  the  County 
Coimnissioners  at  tiieir  March  term  «>f  Court.  I>i.'3,  aiui  j)resented 
the  Court  with  a  deed  fn>m  William  Iloss  and  Kufus  IJrown  for  an 
acre  of  land  u])on  section  27,  Atltuj  township. 

COCNTIKS  CUT  FROM  I'lKE. 

When  Pike  county  was  orp^nizod  it  embraced  all  of  that  country 
between  tlie  Illinois  and  Missi.-sippi  riyers,and  exten<le<I  east  along 
the  line  of  the  main  fork  of  the  Illinois,  the  Kankakee  river,  to.  the 
Indiana  State  line  and  on  to  the  nortltern  boundarv  of  the  State,  in- 
cludiiii;  the  country  where  Rock  Island,  (4alrna,  Peoria  and  L\i\- 
cago  now  are.  It  was  indeed  a  large  county,  and  embraced  what  is 
now  the  wealthiest  and  most  populous  portion  of  the  Great  West. 
The  extensive  lead  mines  of  Galena  had  not  yet  been  disc«jvered,  and 
Chicago  was  only  a  tradingjand  military  post.  The  Commissioners  of 
Pike  county,  as  will  be  noticed  in  the  following  chajjter.  exercised 
full  autliority,  so  far  as  the  duties  of  their  resj)ective  offices  were 
concerned,  over  all  this  vast  region. 

Settlers  soon  beoran  to  locate  nere  p.nd  there  in  the  Military  Tract. 
Two  years  had  scarcely  passed  ere  tlie  few  settlers  east  of  the  fourth 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  249 

principal  meridian  and  north  of  the  base  line  desired  a  county,  and 
appealed  to  the  Legislature  for  power  to  organize  one.  Ossian  M. 
Ross,  the  founder  of  Lewistown,  Fulton  county,  and  one  of  the 
prime  movers  in  the  organization  of  that  county,  was  at  that  time 
a  member  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  of  Pike  county. 
The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  act  referred  to: 

An  act  approved  Jan.  28,  1823,  forming  the  county  of  Fulton  out 
of  all  the  attached  part  of  Pike,  beginning  where  the  fourth  ])rinci- 
pal  meridian  intersects  the  Illinois  river,  thence  up  the  middle  of  said 
river  to  where  the  line  between  ranges  five  and  six  east  strikes  the 
said  river,  thence  north  with  the  said  line  between  ranges  five  and 
six  east,  to  the  township  line  between  townships  nine  and  ten  north, 
then  west  with  said  line  to  the  fourth  principal  meridian,  then  south 
to  the  place  of  beginning;  and  all  the  rest  and  residue  of  the  at- 
tached part  of  the  county  of  Pike  east  of  the  fourth  principal  merid- 
ian shall  be  attached  to  Fulton  county. 

Jan.  13,  1825,  Schuyler  county  was  cutoff  from  Pike  and  Fulton, 
and  included  all  that  country  within  the  following  boundaries: 
"  Commencing  at  a  place  where  the  township  line  between  town- 
ships two  and  three  south  touches  the  Illinois  river,  thence  west  on 
said  line  to  the  range  line  between  ranges  four  and  five  west,  thence 
north  from  said  line  to  the  northwest  corner  of  township  three 
north,  range  one  west,  thence  east  on  said  township  line  to  the  Illi- 
nois river,  thence  down  the  said  river  to  the  place  of  beginning." 

The  same  year  an  act  was  passed  forming  new  counties.  Those 
formed  were  Adams,  Hancock,  McDonough,  Warren,  Mercer,  Henry, 
Putnam  and  Knox.  Their  boundaries  were  fixed  by  the  act  of  Jan. 
30, 1825.  Calhoun  county  was  cut  off  from  Pike  county  and  organ- 
ized in  1825. 

« 

GENERAL    REVIEW. 

No  whites  settled  north  of  Alton  for  agricultural  purposes  prior 
to  1819.  During  that  year  and  the  next  there  was  a  sufiicient  num- 
ber of  settlers  to  organize  a  county.  Accordingly  the  Legislature 
of  1820-'l,  as  above  seen,  organized  the  county  of  Pike,  which  then 
included  all  of  the  State  of  Illinois  between  the  Illinois  and  Missis- 
sippi rivers.  The  county-seat  was  first  fixed  at  Coles'  Grove,  ad- 
joining the  locality  of  Gilead,  afterward  the  county-seat  of  Calhoun 
county.  This  place  was  named  after  Edward  Coles,  Governor  of 
Illinois. 

We  copy  the  following  topographical  sketch  of  Pike  county  from 
"Peck's  Illinois  Gazetteer,"  published  in  1834,  as  giving  an  idea  of 
the  county  at  that  early  date: 

"  Pike  county  is  the  oldest  county  in  the  Military  Tract,  and  was 
erected  from  Madison  and  other  counties  in  1821.  It  then  em- 
braced the  whole  county  northwest  of  the  Illinois  river,  but  by  sub- 
sequent formation  of  new  counties  it  is  now  reduced  to  ordinary 
size,  containing  twenty-two  townships,  or  about  800  square  miles. 
It  is  bounded  north  by  Adams,  east  by  Schuyler  and  the  Illinois 


250  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

river,  south  by  that  river  and  Calhoun,  and  west  by  the  Mississippi. 
Besides  tiie  Mississip])i  and  lUinctis  rivers,  wliieh  wasli  two  sides, 
it  has  the  Sny  Carte  slough,  running  tlu'  whole  length  of  its  west- 
ern border,  whicii  tloats  steam-boats  to  Atlas  at  a  tiill  stage  of  water. 
Pike  county  is  watered  b}'  the  Pigeon,  Iladley,  Keyes,  Plack, 
Dutch  Churcli.  Six-Mile  and  Bay  creeks,  which  tlow  into  the  Mis- 
6issij)])i;  ami  liig  and  Little  Ulue,  and  the  North  and  West  Iu>rka 
of  AicGee's  creek,  which  enter  into  the  Illinois.  GihkI  mill-sites 
are  furnished  by  these  streams. 

"Tiie  land  is  various.  The  section  of  country,  or  rather  island, 
between  the  Sny  Carte  slough  and  the  Mississij>])i,  is  a  sandy  soil, 
l)Ut  mostly  inundated  land  at  the  spring  llo«i<l.  It  turn i.-< lies  a  great 
summer  and  winter  ranc^  for  stock,  atfonling  consideral)le  open 
jtrairie.  with  skirts  of  heavy  bottom  timber  near  the  stieams. 
AloUi;  the  blutfs  and  for  two  or  threi'  miles  back  the  land  is  chieliy 
timbered,  but  cut  up  with  ravines  jiml  (|uite  rolling.  Far  in  the  in- 
terior ami  toward  Schuyler  county  excellent  prairie  and  timber 
lands  are  found,  especially  abi>ut  the  lilue  rivers  and  McGee's 
creek.     This  must  eventually  be  a  rich  and  j»opnlous  county. 

*'  In  Pleasant  Vale,  on  Keyes  creek,  is  a  salt  spring  twenty  feet 
in  diameter,  which  lK)ils  fnjin  the  earth  and  tlirows  (»lf  a  stream  of 
some  size,  and  forms  a  salt  pond  in  its  vicinity.  Salt  has  been  made 
here,  though  not  in  great  ijuantities. 

"  In  the  County  are  seven  water  saw-mills,  four  grist-mills,  one 
carding-machiiu',  five  stores,  luid  a  horse  ferry-boat  across  the  Mis- 
8issij)pi  to  Ivouisiana." 

HANSON  AND  SHAW. 

The  State  Coiistitntion,  adopted  on  the  admission  of  Illinois  into 
the  Union  in  181S,  prohibited  slavery  in  this  State.  Owing  to  this 
fact  many  of  the  early  immigrants  coming  West.'who  were  from 
the  slave  States  (»f  N'irginia  and  Kentucky,  passed  right  through 
this  garden  of  Eden  into  Missouri.  An  etiort  w}u>  made,  tlieretore, 
to  so  amend  the  Constitution  as  to  iMjrmit  slavery  in  tliis  State  that 
it  might  Ik)  more  attractive  to  settlers,  and  the  sequel  showed  that 
Illinois  had  a  narrow  escjipe  from  the  dreadful  (;vils  of  slavery. 
When  the  necessary  preliminary  resolution  wjis  offered  in  the  Sen- 
ate it  was  ascertained  that  the  re<{uisite  two-thirds  vote  to  pass  the 
resolution  for  the  call  of  a  convention  to  amend  the  Constitution 
Could  be  obtained  and  to  spare;  but  in  the  House  they  needed  «)ne 
vote.  At  first  it  was  strenuouslv  arj'ued  that  the  two-thirds  vote 
meant  two-thinls  of  the  two  Houses  in  joint  convention;  but  the 
op])onents  were  too  powerful  in  their  argument  ui)on  this  point. 
The  majority,  liowever.  was  not  to  be  foiled  in  their  purpose.  An- 
other mode  ]>resented  itself:  all  that  was  required  was  courage  to 
perpetrate  a  gross  outrage  on  a  recalcitrant  member.  There  had 
been  a  contested  election  case  from  Pike  county.  The  sitting  mem- 
ber decided  by  the  House  to  be  entitled  to  the  seat  was  ^sicholas 
Hanson,  and  the  contestant,  John  Shaw,  the  "  Black  Prince."  Han- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  251 

son's  vote  liad  been  obtained  for  the  re-election  of  Jesse  I>.  Thomas, 
strongly  pro-shvvery,  to  the  United  States  Senate;  but  further  than 
this  he  would  not  ^o.  Shaw,  who  favored  the  convention  j)roject, 
was  now  discovered  to  be  entitled  to  the  seat.  A  motion  was  there- 
upon made  to  reconsider  the  admission  of  Hanson,  which  prevailed. 
It  was  next  further  moved  to  strike  out  the  name  of  Ilanson  and 
insert  that  of  Shaw.  Durini^  the  pendency  of  the  resolution  a 
tumultuous  crowd  assembled  in  the  eveninor  at  the  State  House, 
and  after  the  delivery  of  a  number  of  incendiary  speeches,  inflam- 
ing the  minds  of  the  ])eople  against  Hanson,  they  proceeded 
througli  the  town  (Vandalia)  with  his  efligy  in  a  bhize.  accompa- 
nied with  the  beating  of  drums,  the  sound  of  bugles,  and  shouts  of 
"  Convention  or  death."  A  motion  to  expel  Hanson  and  admit 
Shaw  was  adopted,  and  t])e  latter  awarded  the  majority  by  voting 
for  the  convention  resolution,  which  thus  barely  passed.  The  night 
following,  a  number  of  members  of  both  Houses  entered  their  sol- 
emn protest  against  this  glaring  outrage  of  unseating  Hanson,  both 
with  the  object  intended  and  the  manner  of  perpetrating  it.  Many 
reflecting  men,  earnest  in  their  support  of  the  convention  question, 
condemned  it,  and  it  proved  a  powerful  lever  before  the  people  in 
the  defeat  of  tlie  slavery  scheme.  The  passage  of  the  convention 
resolution  was  regarded  as  tantamount  to  ils  carriage  at  the  polls. 

The  pro-slavery  party  celebrated  their  triumph  by  an  illumina- 
tion of  the  town,  and  the  procession,  accompanied  by  all  the  horrid 
paraphernalia  and  discordant  music  of  a  charivari,  marched  to  the 
residence  of  Governor  Coles,  and  the  quarters  of  the  chief  oppo- 
nents of  the  measure,  where  they  performed  with  their  demoniac 
music  to  annoy  and  insult  them. 

The  convention  resolution  was  finally  defeated  by  1,800  majority 
at  the  polls. 

It  is  thus  seen  how  Pike  county  gave  the  casting  vote  on  the 
slavery  question  in  this  State  in  1820. 

MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 

The  counties  now  bounding  Pike  on  the  north  are  Adams  and 
Brown ;  but  in  1841  there  was  a  county  struck  off  from  the  east 
side  of  Adams  and  called  Marquette.  Columbus,  being  more  cen- 
trally located  in  Adams  county,  became  ambitious  for  the  county- 
seat,  but  as  Quincy  was  too  powerful  against  this  project,  the  eastern 
portion  of  Adams  county  was  struck  off  by  an  act  of  the  Legis- 
lature in  order  that  the  ambition  of  Columbus  might  be  satisfied 
and  become  a  county-seat.  No  attempt  was  made  to  organize  the 
county  until  1846,  when  Quincy  again  proved  too  powerful  for 
them,  and  the  following  Legislature  repealed  the  act  defining  the 
boundaries  of  the  county. 

COUNTY-SEAT   CONTEST. 

In  1842-'3  an  effort  was  made  to  divide  the  county,  the  new 
county-seat  to  be  at  Barry.     Dr.  Thomas  "Worthington  was  a  mem- 


252  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY. 

ber  of  tlie  State  Senate,  ami  Win.  Hlair  of  the  House,  each  repre- 
senting: the  interests  »>f  his  section  of  the  Cduntv.  The  hill  introduced 
by  Mr.  P>lair  prt»posed  to  divide  the  ooiiiity  by  a  line  runninn: 
north  and  south  throu<;h  its  extent;  but,  after  the  presentation 
of  many  petitions  and  remonstrances,  and  a  period  of  consider- 
able excitement,  the  bill  failed  to  pass  the  House.  In  1850  the 
county  was  divided  into  19  townships,  and  or^.iiiizcd  under  the  town- 
shij)  or<^anization  law  of  the  Constitutit)n  of  1S4>S.  Tmler  this 
mode  the  county  is  at  present  conducted.  And  that  wiu»  the  end 
of  this  little  tight.  The  countv  remains,  therefore,  to  the  present 
dav  as  it  was  outlined  bv  the  Lej^islature  of  1^25.  In  the  fall  of 
1840  the  ctlbrt  was  renewed.  Meetings  were  held  in  various  j)art8 
of  the  county,  and  speeches  were  nuide  on  hoth  sides  of  the  ques- 
tion; but  ])ublic  interest  soon  died  down. 


T 


# 


CHAPTER  IV. 

IMPORTANT  LABORS  OF  THE  COUNTY  COMMIS- 
SIONERS' COURT. 

FIRST    MEETING. 

The  first  meeting  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  of  Pike 
county  was  held  April  24, 1821.  There  were  present  Leonard  Ross, 
John  Shaw,  and  William  "Ward,  the  three  Commissioners.  After 
the  Court  was  organized,  Stephen  Dewey  was  appointed  Clerk  'pro 
tern,  in  the  absence  of  James  "VV.  Whitney,  the  Clerk.  The  records 
give  but  little  information  in  regard  to  the  organization  of  the 
county.  They  begin  with  unqualified  statements,  and  record  the 
acts  of  the  honored  Court  with  greatest  simplicity. 

The  first  business  before  the  Court  was  an  application  for  a  li- 
cense to  sell  spirituous  liquors  made  by  Belus  and  Egbert  Jones. 
The  license  was  granted  upon  the  payment  of  $3  into  the  newly 
made  treasury  by  the  Joneses. 

Belus  Jones  was  then  appointed  Constable  for  the  county  of 
Pike.  The  liquor  trafiic  evidently  was  not  great  enough  to  em- 
ploy the  entire  time  of  the  two  gentlemen,  and  as  the  newly  organ- 
ized county  needed  a  Constable,  Mr.  Jones'  services  were  solicited 
in  that  capacity. 

The  county  must  needs  have  a  Treasurer;  accordingly  Nathaniel 
Shaw  was  appointed  to  this  important  oflice.  The  Court  then  ad- 
journed to  meet  at  7  o'clock  a.  m.,  April  25. 

According  to  adjournment  the  Commissioners  assembled  upon 
the  morning  of  the  25th.  The  first  business  presented  to  the  con- 
sideration of  the  Court  was  an  application  for  license  to  sell 
liquors  presented  by  Thomas  Ferguson.  The  Court  seemed  to  pos- 
sess a  willingness  to  encourage  the  liquor  business  within  the  newly 
made  county,  as  the}'  granted  Mr.  Ferguson  license  for  $2.50. 
Why  they  should  grant  him  a  license  for  50  cents  less  than  they 
charged  the  Joneses,  we  can  not  tell.  Perhaps  an  increase  of  busi- 
ness and  flattering  prospects  enabled  them  to  reduce  the  "tax." 

Ebenezer  Smith  and  Stephen  Dewey  were  then  recommended 
"  as  fit  and  suitable  persons  for  the  Governor  to  commission  Jus- 
tices of  the  Peace."     The  Court  then  adjourned  until  June. 


254 


HISTt)KY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


SECOND  MEKTINO. 

Monday,  June  4,  1S21,  the  date  set  for  the  corivenini^  of  the 
Court,  John  Shaw  appeared  and  opened  Court,  hut  there  not  being 
a  (juoruni  present  the  Court  was  kept  open  until  4  o'ck)ck  in  the 
afternoon,  when  all  of  the  ('otninissioners  apjteared  and  took  their 
seats.  Upon  the  followiti«^  day  James  W.  \\  hitney,  w1k»  had  heen 
aj)pointed  Clerk  of  the  Court,  although  we  fnul  no  record  of  his 
aj)j)ointnient,  "upj»eared  in  open  Court  and  took  the  several  oaths 
rcijuired  by  law,  and  ^ive  bond  in  the  penal  sum  of  $1,000,  and 
tendered  Levi  Roberts  and  llij^^don  C.  teuton  his  securities,  who 
were  a(!cej)tetl  and  aj>provc'<l  by  the  Court." 

TAVERN  LICENSE. 

At  the  June  term,  l.'*21,  Nathaniel  Ilincksley  was  granted 
license  "  to  keejt  a  tavern.  " 

A  tavern  in  those  days  was  u  combimition  of  an  inn  and  a 
Baloon.  The  propriet4)r,  however,  did  not  expect  to  derive  any  great 
revenue  from  the  hotel,  but  looked  to  his  lirjuors  for  an  income. 
Alany  of  these  *' tavrrns  "  were  the  smallest  of  log  cjibins.  Here 
and  there  all  over  the  country,  sometimes  miles  from  any  other 
cabin,  they  might  be  found.  Some  of  them  were  indicated  to  be 
such  by  signs  nailed  to  a  post,  tree,  or  to  the  side  of  the  cabin. 
These  wore  of  the  rudest  make  and  design.  Some  simply  had  the 
word  "entertainment"  scrawled  u}K»n  them,  while  others,  more  ex- 
plicit, read  "entcrtainmeni  for  man  and  beast."  8«»me  were  still 
more  delinite  and  said  simply  '*  whisky  and  oat«.  "  The  storms  of 
a  half  century,  the  advancement  of  civilization,  the  culture  of  the 
age,  have  all  e4>njbined  to  transform  these  rudest  of  signs,  scrib- 
bled by  an  uncultured  pioneer  u|»on  hewn  boards,  into  gilded  and 
glittering  letters  artisticjilly  traced  u|M»n  French-j)late  ghws. 

The  name  by  which  the  place  was  known  where  licjuor  was  vended 
was  shortly  after  this  change<l  tVoin  "  tavern  "  to  "  grocery  "  or 
*'groggery,  "and  subsequently  lissumwi  the  apj)ellation  of'" saloon;  " 
and  tinaliy,  that  coming  into  disrepute,  many  have  ado])ted  the 
more  modern  title  of  ** sample  room,"  "hall,"  "  garden,"  etc. 

The  following  schedule  of  "tavern  rates"  wad  then  established 
to  govern  Ilincksley  : 

Victuals,  per  meal, 25  cents 

Horse  keeping,  per  night, iH'ij  " 

L<xlping,  per  niirht li'i  " 

Whisky,  per  half   pint \2}4  " 

Kum  iind  pin,  |)er  htilf  pint,  2.5      " 

French  Brandy,  per  half  i)int, ."K)      " 

Wine,  per  half  pint, 37i^  " 

JOHN    KINZIE  JUSTICE  OF  THE  PEACE    FOR  I'IKE  COUNTY. 

Upon  motion  of  Abraham  Heck,  Esq.,  John  Kinzie  was  recom- 
mended to  the  Governor  of  Illinois  as  a  fit  and  suitable  person  for 


1 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  255 

Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Pike  county.  This  gentleman  was  the 
well-known  lirst  settler  of  Chicago,  and  at  that  time  resided  there, 
it  then  being  in  this  county.  It  must  be  remembered  that  Pike 
county  at  that  time  spread  over  a  vast  territory,  and  embraced  all 
of  the  northern  part  of  the  State.  Yes,  though  unlearned  in  law 
and  unacquainted  with  science  and  literature,  the  Commissioners 
held  jurisdiction  over  a  large  district;  and  that  they  conducted  the 
public  aft'airs  rightly,  and  built  a  lirm  and  solid  foundation  upon 
which  the  future  prosperity  and  greatness  of  this  portion  of  our 
beloved  State  should  rest,  can  not  be  gainsaid.  This  is  plainly 
evident  from  the  unparalleled  strides  made  in  agricultural  and  me- 
chanical progress;  from  the  hundreds  of  thousands  of  busy  inhabi- 
tants now  dwelling  within  this  territory;  and  from  the  vast  stores 
of  wealth  accumulated  solely  from  resources  within  it.  Those 
great  and  unconcealed  wonders  reflect  honor  and  credit  each  day 
upon  their  founders;  and  as  days  and  years  multiply,  when  the 
same  territory  over  which  they  presided  shall  be  teeming  with 
millions  of  earnest  and  energetic  people,  thfen  will  great  honors  and 
more  exultant  praise  and  adoration  be  expressed  for  the  brave, 
sturdy  pioneers  who  explored  and  opened  up  a  region  so  proliiic, 
and  founded  a  community  that  for  genius,  enterprise  and  wealth 
will  in  the  near  future  out-rank  many  older  settled  countries,  and 
indeed  will  vie  with  many  kingdoms  of  the  earth.  Then  these  vast 
prairies  will  be  cultivated  as  a  garden.  Every  forest  tree  and 
woodland  will  be  utilized,  and  populous  cities  with  numerous  fac- 
tories and  vast  stores  of  commerce  may  be  numbered  by  the  score. 
Then  will  the  modes  of  travel  be  superior  to  the  remarkable  rail- 
road facilities  of  to-day,  and  transport  the  increased  products  with 
greater  facility.  Indeed,  everything  will  then  be  as  different  and 
as  superior  to  what  they  are  at  present  as  the  things  of  to-day  are 
as  compared  with  those  of  fifty  years  ago.  Our  readers  may  re- 
gard this  as  wild  and  unreasonable  speculation,  as  wholly  visiou- 
arv;buttliev  are  onlv  the  conclusions  deduced  from  a  careful  study 
of  history,  of  a  comparison  of  what  has  been  accomplished,  with 
certain  advantaires,  with  the  results  that  the  superior  advantages 
now  enjoyed  will  as  certainly  accomplish, 

THE    POOK. 

One  of  the  first  acts  of  the  noble-hearted  Commissioners  was  to 
make  provisions  for  their  poor.  The  pioneers  were  generous  and 
liberal  to  a  fault  when  it  came  to  provide  the  necessities  of  life  to 
those  more  unfortunate  in  their  midst.  June  5,  1821,  Baxter 
Bradwell  and  Joel  Bacon  were  appointed  overseers  of  the  poor. 

RECORD    BOOK. 

A  record  book  was  then  ordered  to  be  purchased,  for  which  $3.00 
was  given.  This  is  a  common  paper-covered  blank  book  of  about 
200  pages,  and  at  the  present  time  the  price  would  be  considered 
high  if  the  book  were  sold  at  half  that  amount. 


256  HI8TORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

LAYING    OUT    KOADS. 

For  many  years  the  petitions  for  iDads  uccn])iecl  a  very  lar^e  pro- 
portion of  the  Court's  time  and  attention,  and  consumed  more  spaco 
to  record  tlian  all  other  proceedings.  They  are  simihir  in  construc- 
tion, and  it  wouhi  l»e  usek'ss,  and  worse,  to  speak  A  them  as  often 
as  they  occur.  We  will  only  give  a  sj>ecimen  of  these  applications 
and  the  mode  of  dealing  with  them.  Tlie  records  read  as  follows: 
"A  petition  of  sundry  inhabitants  of  this  county  was  presented 
praying  that  a  road  may  he  laid  out  from  McDonald's  Ferry  on  the 
Missi.>«fei|»j»i  river,  the  nearest  and  l•e^t  course  to  the  Illinois  river  to 
meet  a  road  that  may  he  laid  out  from  thence  to  V'andalia."  The 
prayer  wa^j  granted,  and  Daniel  Shinn,  CMaremhui  lloss  and  Eben- 
ezer  Franklin  w«rr  appointed  a  committee  to  vitw  and  ascertain 
where  said  road  should   he  located. 

Upon  the  3d  of  July  of  the  same  year  the  committee  reported 
and  their  re|>ort  was:  "Accept  as  far  ah  the  north  line  of  section  27 
of  townshij»  (>  south,  in  range  5  we^t  [Athih  township],  that  heing 
as  far  as  said  Commissionerh  were  ahle  to  proceed,  owing  to  the  ex- 
cessive growth  of  vegetation;  and  it  is  furthn  ordered  that  the  time 
for  viewing  and  laying  out  the  renniinder  of  said  road  shall  be  ex- 
tended until  after  the  vegetation  shall  l)e  dchtroyed  by  frost." 

Five  thiys'  work  upon  this  r«»ad  was  require*!  of  each  .man  who 
lived  witliin  two  and  »»ne  half  miles  of  it.  This  rule  also  ajtplied 
to  other  ruads  laid  out  in  those  primitive  times.  One  dollar  was 
allowed  for  cjich  day  a  man  labored  more  than  that. 

A  ])etition  was  also  presciite«i  for  a  ruad  fn»m  Ferguson's  Ferry 
on  the  Illinois  river,  to  Fort  Kdwards,  upon  the  Mississij)pi  river. 
Again  we  find  "a',>etition  presented  by  sundry  citizens,  Oct.  4, 
1821,  for  a  road  from  Fort  (Mark  (now  reoria)  to  the  mouth  <tf  the 
Illinois  river."  Acconlingly  .lames  Ni.xon,  John  Shaw  and  El>en- 
ezer  Smith  were  app«»inted  a  committee  to  view  the  road  from  the 
house  of  Ebenezer  Smith  to  Fort  Clark. 

FKRKY  I.ICKNSE. 

June  6,  1821,  a  license  was  grante<l  James  McDonald  "to  keep 
a  ferry  upon  the  east  bank  of  the  Mis8issi])pi  river,  opposite  to  the 
town  of  Louisianaville,  on  condition  of  his  paying  a  tax  of  one  dol- 
lar, besides  C'lerk's  fee,  and  on  his  entering  into  bonds  according 
to  law,  and  that  the  following  rates  of  ferriage  be  established,  to 
wit  :  " 

For  a  single  person 2.5    cents 

For  a  sinirle   horst' 2.5  " 

Every  head  of  cattle  over  one  year  old, 2.'>  " 

Kvery  hojr.  sheep  or  L'<»at, 61-4  " 

Every  four-wlio<k-d  tarriajro 1  00 

Ever)- liundnd  weipht  nf  dead  lumber (i^^  " 

Every  two  wheeled  carriage,  75  " 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  257 

MILITIA  PRECINCTS. 

Among  the  pioneers  "training"  or  "  muster  day"  was  one 
wliicli  was  looked  forward  to  with  feelings  of  pleasure.  It  was  nec- 
essary to  have  a  well  organized  militia  to  repel  any  invasions  of 
the  Indians  which  at  that  time  were  numerous  thi'ough  this  sec- 
tion of  the  country.  The  Commissioners'  Court,  in  itsofHcial  capac- 
ity, took  note  of  this,  and  accordingly,  June  6,  they  "ordered  that  the 
militia  of  this  county  be  organized  into  a  regiment,  and  all  that  ]iart 
of  the  county  lying  south  of  the  township  line  between  townships 
8  and  9  compose  the  lirst  company  district;  and  all  north  of  that 
line  to  the  base  line  compose  the  second  company  district  ;  and  all 
north  of  the  base  line  be  and  compose  the  third  com])any  district. 
Baxter  Broadwell,  Wm.  Metz  and  Rigdon  C.  Fenton  were  ap- 
pointed Judges  of  election  in  the  first  company  district;  Wm. 
Keyes,  Peter  D.  Moyer  and  Clarendon  Kosswere  appointed  judges 
of  election  in  the  second  company  district;  Ossian  M.  Ross,  Dr. 
Davison  and  Amos  Eveland,  as  judges  of  election  in  the  third  com- 
pany district.  An  election  was  then  called  for  June  30,  1821,  to 
select  officers  for  the  various  companies.  The  baseline,  which  runs 
east  and  west  upon  a  parallel  with  Beardstown,  was  made  the  divid- 
ing line  between  the  two  militia  battalions  of  the  regiment  of  Pike 
county.  The  battalion  south  of  the  base  line  was  the  first,  and  the 
one  north  the  second,  battalion. 

INDIAN   TRAILS. 

A  sum  not  to  exceed  ten  dollars  was  appropriated  "  to  defray  the 
expenses  of  opening  and  clearing  out  the  old  trace  from  the  head 
or  upper  end  of  Salt  Prairie  to  the  lower  end  of  Sni  Carte  Prairie, 
and  five  dollars  for  opening  and  cleaning  out  the  old  trace  from  the 
lower  end  of  Sni  Carte  Prairie  to  Ross  settlement."  Further  on  in 
the  records  we  fitid^these  orders  rescinded,  and  at  the  same  time 
Joel  Bacon  and  James  Levin  were  ordered  credited  with  the  amount 
of  their  road  tax  for  having  opened  the  said  "  trace."  These  traces 
were  old  Indian  trails,  but  having  been  deserted  for  newer  ones 
were  unfit  for  travel. 

SUNDRY  ACTS. 

John  Shaw  was  paid  $5.00  for  his  services  as  an  interpreter  at  the 
October  term  of  the  Circuit  Court  during  the  trial  of  two  Indians 
for  murder.  These  'were  Shouwennekek  and  Pemesan,  who  are 
spoken  of  in  connection  with  this  trial  more  fully  in  the  chapter 
upon  the  criminal  record. 

Ossian  M.  Ross  was  then  recommended  to  the  Governor  as  a  suit- 
able person  for  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Pike  county.  Mr.  Ross  at 
this  time  lived  where  Lewistown,  Fulton  county,  now  stands.  lie 
was  with  one  exception  the  first  settler  of  that  county,  and  was  the 
founder  of  Lewistown. 


268  HISTORY    OK    PIKE   COCNTY. 

There  was  no  jail  in  tlie  county  at  tljis  time,  and  at  tlie  October 
term,  18'Jl,  "Nathan  Sliaw  wan  <^ivt'M  $22.00  tor  ^^uartling  Indian 
pri8oner8."  These,  we  preeunie,  were  the  two  Indians  referred  to 
above,  and  who  were  on  trial  tor  murder.  The  same  amount,  and 
for  the  same  |»ur|)osi',  was  ;jiven  to  Christoj»her  Loni,'. 

Jan.  10,  1822,  "  AbiuT  Eads,  of  IVoria,  made  uj>plication  for 
license  to  keen  a  Uivern  in  the  house  where  he  now  resides,'which 
is  granted  (»n  him  ]>ayin^  $1.50.'' 

Jan.  12,  1S22,  the  SheritV  was  j>ai<l  $50  for  hie  sahiry  for'the 
year.  Mr.  AVhitiu'V  was  ^ivt-n  $30  tor  ius  services  as  Circuit 
Clerk,  and  $30  im  Clerk  of  the  Ct)mmissioner8'  ('ourt,  and  $50  for 
his  sahiry  as  Jud^  of  Probate.  HW 

Jan.  12,  1S22,  J«»hn  Shaw  was  paid  $*>  for  locating  tlio  county- 
seat,  ft!iil  Levi  Ii4»lK.'rts  $4  for  like  stTvicos. 

Abraham  Utck,  .1  udge  of  Probate,  dit'ti,  and  Jan.  12,  1822,  tl>o 
administrator  of  his  estate  was  paid  $10.60  as  salary  while  he  was 
Jjidgc. 

FlItST   INglBBT. 

The  official  i>aj'ti>  of  thr  iiitjiH'st  held  over  the  lK)dy  of  James 
^IchotuiUl  were  orderLHJ  tiled.  McDonald  ran  a  ferry  across  the 
Mi^^issinpi  river  at  Louisiana.  It  is  supi>osed  ho  was  murdered  at 
his  landing  durinj^  the  winter.  He  was  tuund  lyin;;<lead  upon'the 
ice  one  day  by  tw(»  men  on  their  wa>  to  Lt>uisiana.  They  went  to 
Ins  ferry,  i»ut  fouml  him  dead,  and  evidences  of  a  long  and  severe 
scuttle  all  around  him,  a^  if  he  hail  been  struggling  for  life  in  a 
hand-to-hand  combat.  The  tracks  of  two  men  led  from  this  place 
across  U>  Louisiana,  and  it  wa^  generally  supposed  they  were  the 
men  who  kiUed  McDomild,  although  nothing  in  a  legal  way  was 
ever  done  with  them. 

TKKASIKKk's    FIU8T    KKl-ttKT. 

The  tirst  rejKirt  made  by  a  County  Treai»urer  of  Pike  county  was 
made  March  5,  1822.     We  gi%'e  it  in  full: 

Ca.'ih  rt-coi vf<|  into  llic  Tn-asury f 765 

Casli  paid  out  iintlcr  order  uf  Court $701 .28J^ 

Trt'H«urtr'8  t-omiM-UHation 88.25 

$739,531^ 

Balance  in  Treagur}- $25.47 

EOSS'    TAVKRN. 

Ossian  M.  Ross  wjvs  then  granted  a  license  to  keep  a  tavern  at 
his  house.  Ue  lived  where  the  city  of  Ixjwistown  now  is.  The  same 
schedule  which  regulated  other  "  Public  Inns"  or  "Tavern-Keep- 
ers"  were  adopted  to  regulate  him. 

David  W.  Barnes,  O.  ^I.  Ross  and  Daniel  Sweetland  were  ap- 
pointed trustees  of  the  school  section,  tp.  5  north,  R.  3  east,  which 


HISTORY    OF   PIKE   COUNTY.  259 

is  Lewistown  tp.,  Fulton  Co.     These  gentlemen  lived  in  Lewis- 
town,  and  were  its  first  settlers. 

ELECTION  PRECINCTS. 

June  5,  1822,  the  comity  was  divided  into  three  election  precincts. 
All  that  part  of  the  county  lying  north  of  the  township  lines,  between 
towns  4  and  5  south  and  west  of  the  Illinois  bluffs,  and  all  north  of 
the  base  line,  was  the  first  precinct.  Election  was  ordered  in  this 
precinct  at  the  house  of  O.  M.  Ross,  and  that  gentleman  was  ap- 
pointed judge  of  election.  All  that  part  of  the  county  lying  north 
of  township  lines  between  towns  9  and  10  south,  and  west  of  Illi- 
nois bluffs  and  north  of  the 'base  line,  was  made  another  precinct, 
and  the  "  polls  ordered  opened  at  the  house  of  Rufus  Brown  and 
Daniel  Whipple,  Leonard  Ross  and  Wm.  Ross,  judges."  ''  The  re- 
mainder of  the  county  was  made  another  precinct,  and  election  held 
at  county-seat,  and  John  Shaw,  Stephen  Dewey  and  Amos  Ban- 
croft, judges." 

Davenport's  tavern. 

June  6,  1822,  it  was  ordered  that  a  license  to  keep  a  tavern  at  or 
near  Fort  Armstrong,  he  granted  to  George  Davenport  for  $3.00. 
This  place  was  on  the  lower  end  of  Rock  Island.  Mr.  Davenport 
was  the  man  who  kept  the  trading  post  at  Fort  Armstrong,  and  in 
honor  of  him  Davenport,  Iowa,  was  named.  The  generous  Com- 
missioners permitted  Davenport  to  charge  higher  rates  for  "  enter- 
tainment "  than  they  did  those  nearer  to  the  borders  of  civilization. 

NEW  COMMISSIONERS. 

An  election  was  held  in  August,  1822,  for  selecting  three  new 
Commissioners.  Those  chosen  were  David  Dutton,  James  M.  Seeley 
and  Ossian  M.  Ross.  Much  trouble  appears  to  have  grown  out  of 
this  election,  as  we  find  the  election  of  the  three  honorable  gentle- 
men was  contested,  and  evidently  very  strongly,  too.  The  con- 
testants were  Ebenezer  Smith,  James  Nixon  and  William  Metz. 
The  case  was  appealed  to  the  Circuit  Court,  Judge  John  Reynolds 
presiding.  He  decided  in  favor  of  the  contestants.  We  cannot 
tell  upon  what  grounds  they  contested  the  rights  of  Dutton,  Seeley 
and  Ross  to  take  their  seats  as  Commissioners,  but  from  what  we 
can  glean  from  the  indefinite  records  they  did  not  comply  with 
the  law  in  taking  the  oath  of  office,  as  the  contestants  claimed. 
These  were  merely  technical  grounds,  but  the  law  must  be  com- 
plied with  to  the  letter.  Smith,  Nixon  and  Metz  held  a  term  of 
Court  Sept.  3  and  4,  1822,  but  transacted  no  business  of  import- 
ance. The  other  gentlemen  called  Court  for  Oct.  10,  but  no  quorum 
was  present.  Another  session  was  held  Oct.  24.  Commissioners 
Dutton  and  Seeley  being  present.  We  find  recorded  upon  the  fol- 
lowing day  "  a  certificate  of  the  Hon.  John  Reynolds  setting  forth 


260  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

the  result  of  the  contested  election."     This  decision  was  the  result 
of  a  second  liearin<;  of  tiie  ciisu  by  the  Jr.dge,  anil  is  as  follows: 

"State  of  Illinois,  ss: — Upon  a  second  and  full  examination  of 
the  documents  transmitted  to  me  in  relation  to  the  contested  elec- 
tion of  the  Shcritl',  Coronerand  County  Commissioners  for  the  county 
of  Pike;  and  l)L'in>i;  satistioil  that  the  certiticates  hert't<»fore  •^ivon  by 
me  of  the  election  of  Riirdon  C  Kenton  as  Sheriti',  Joel  Bacon  jisCyoro- 
ner  and  Ebenezer  Smith,  William  Mrtz  and  James  Nixon  as  County 
Commissioners,  was  ^^iven  without  sutiicient  ct>:isid*'ration,  I  do 
hereby  revi)ke  the  said  certiticates.  and  do  tiow  certify  that  Leonard 
Iloss  was  duly  elected  Sheriff,  Daniel  Whi|>j)le,  Ct»roner,  and  James 
M.  Seeley,  David  Dutttin  and  Ossian  M.  Ross  County  Commis- 
sioners for  Pike  coutjtv  in  said  State. 

"(tiven  under  my  hand  and  seal  this  4th  day  of  September,  1822. 

"  J«<n.N  Kky.noi.os, 
"Justice  of  the  Supremo  Court  of  said  State,  and  presiding'  in  the 
tirst  Judicial  (circuit." 

Thus,  after  a  Ion;;  and  hotlv  contested  trial,  the  Judtre  reversed 
his  former  decihion  ami  rein^tilted  Seelev,  Dutton  ami  lloss,  as 
well  atj  tlje  Sheritt*  and  Coroner,  wliom  he  lia<l  decided  were  not 
le;;ally  ami  rightfully  entitled  to  hold  tlie  positions  to  wliicli  they 
claimed  they  had  l>een  clectc<i. 

OLRRK'r  OFriCK. 

We  find  tlie  followiuif  (|uaint  item  on  rec<:)rd,  which  ig  in  refer- 
ence to  rentinjf  an  otfioe  for  tlie  County  and  Circuit  clerks  .  "John 
Shaw,  haviu'j  pr«»posed  to  lease  the  coimty  the  buildinjr  in  Coles* 
Grove,  adjuinini^  the  one  n(»w  occupie<i  bv  Ri^don  ('.  Kenton,  for 
the  term  of  <»ne  year,  to  be  occupied  ha  a  Clerk's  office,  for  the  .-um 
of  C)^  cents,  and  to  Ik;  rejmired  ))y  the  county,  under  the  direction 
of  said  Shaw,  and  to  suit  his  convenience." 

COUNTI'-SEAT  MOVED  TO  ATLAS. 

Evidently  a  little  rivalry  had  sprunp  up  between  the  settlements 
at  Atlas  and  Coles'  Grove,  the  latter  of  which  had  been  the  county- 
seat  up  to  this  time  (^1S23V  Atlas  wa.s  the  most  im|)ortant  town 
in  the  county,  and  it  became  ambitious  to  have  the  county  build- 
ings located  there,  which  it  finally  secured.  Pursuant  to  an  act  of 
the  Legislature,  aj>pn»ved  Dec.  30.  1>>22,  "to  fix  upon  and  locate  the 
permanent  seat  of  justice  for  Pike  county,"  the  c^>mmi88ion  ap- 
pointed made  their  re|>ort  at  the  March  term  of  the  Commissioners' 
Court.  1823,  and  jiresented  a  deed  from  William  Il«jss  and  Rufus 
Brown  for  one  acre  of  land,  which  was  given  as  an  inducement  for 
the  county  to  locate  its  seat  of  justice  there.  The  report  reads  as 
follows  : 

*'  The  Commissioners  appointed  to  fix  upon  and  locate  the  per- 
manent seat  of  justice  of  Pike  county  have  attended  to  the  services 
assigned  them,  and  do  report  that  they  have  fixed  the  permanent 


^v"^ 


GRI6GSVILLE 


M^yf^-i^ 


HISTORY   OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  263 

fieat  of  justice  of  said  county  upon  section  27,  town  6  south,  ransje 
5  west,  and  have  taken  a  deed  of  the  proprietor  of  one  acre  of  land 
on  which  to  erect  the  public  liuildini^s,  which  is  particularly  de- 
scribed in  said  deed,  and  that  they  have  named  tlie  seat  of  justice 
Atlas. 

"  John  M.  Smith, 
"  Danikl  Moore, 
"  Daniel  Shinn.  ■' 

NEW  commissioner. 

An  election  was  held  March  IS,  1S23,  to  select  a  County  Com- 
missioner to  till  vacancy  occasioned  by  O.  M.  Ross,  resii^ning.  The 
county  of  Fulton,  where  Mr.  Ross  lived,  having  just  been  formed, 
and  he  chosen  Slierift",  Amos  Bancroft  was  elected  to  till  the  va- 
cancv. 

DIFFICULTY  IN  SELECTING  COUNTY-SEAT. 

It  appears  that  some  dissatisfaction  arose  from  the  selection 
made  by  the  Commissioners  for  a  county-seat.  We  presume  that 
the  feelinor  was  then  as  now  in  this  and  all  other  counties.  More 
than  one  place,  settlement  or  town,  think  it  is  the  most  suitable 
and  proper  place  for  the  county-seat.  In  relation  to  the  difficulty 
at  this  time  we  find  the  followinf'  statement  on  record  :  "Nicholas 
Hanson  and  Leonard  Ross  presented  a  report  of  certain  persons 
appointed  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature  as  Commissioners  to  locate 
the  permanent  seat  of  justice  for  Pike  county,  and  moved  to  have 
said  report  tiled  and  recorded,  which  said  motion  for  the  reasons 
following  :  1st,  The  authority  given  by  the  act  aforesaid  was  a 
special  joint  authority  and  should  liave  been  strictly  pursued  ;  2d, 
It  happens  that  but  three  out  of  five  Commissioners  acted  in  the 
location  of  the  county-seat,  when  the  law  gave  no  power  to  a  ma- 
jority to  act  ;  3d,  That  said  Commissioners  did  not  return  and 
present  their  report  at  or  before  the  time  presci'ibed  by  law  for  the 
return  of  said  report  ;  4th,  Th-it  the  legal  and  qualified  County 
Commissioners  were  in  session  at  the  time  prescribed  by  law  for 
the  return  of  said  report.  And  for  the  reasons  aforesaid  this  Court 
does  adjudge  and  decide  that  the  proceedings  of  said  Commission- 
ers to  locate  the  permanent  county-seat  of  Pike  county  are  void, 
and  that  the  temporary  seat  of  justice  of  said  county  still  remains 
at  Coles'  Grove." 

This  decision  was  finally  reversed,  as  seen  from  the  following  or- 
der made  at  the  June  term  of  the  Court  in  1S24:  "  The  doings  of 
this  Court  at  a  special  term  held  on  2(»,  27  and  2S  of  January  last, 
and  also  doings  of  this  Court  at  last  March  term  be,  and  the  same 
are  hereby,  confirmed  and  established,  except  a  contract  entered 
into  with  John  Shaw  for  the  purpose  of  leasing  a  house,  the  rent  of 
which  was  6^  cents,  in  Coles'  Grove,  which  contract  is  by  mutual 
consent  released  and  dissolved;  and  also  an  order  of  adjudication 
respecting  the  county-seat,  which  order  is  revoked  and  rescinded." 

17 


204  HISTORY    OF    riKK    COrNTl. 

Thus,  accuriliij«;  to  the  selection  imide  by  tlie  coinmiseion  ap- 
j)ointed  tor  that  jmrpose,  tlie  county-Beat  whb  moved  Ironi  Coles* 
Grove,  now  in  Calhoun  county,  to  Atlas, 

COUNTY    DIVIDKD    INTO   TOWNSIIIl'S. 

Upon  the  28th  of  January,  1S24,  the  county  of  Pike  was  divided 
into  three  townships  hy  the  Court,  as  follows:  That  part  coinnieuc- 
in^  at  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois  river,  thence  up  the  said  river  to 
the  north  line  of  the  lir>t  tier  of  sections  above  the  north  line  of 
town  8  south,  thence  running  on  said  line  west  to  the  Mibsissijtpi 
river,  thence  down  said  river  to  ))laco  of  bet;innin^,  constituted 
Coles'  Grove  lowtiship.  That  part  embraced  within  the  boumhiry 
be^finnin;?  at  the  northeast  corner  of  section  3(5  oj  township  7  south, 


le  norineasi  corner  oi  seeiion  c5()  t»i  lownsnip  <  souiii, 
on   rani;f   line   bi-tween    ramies  4  and    T*   west^   thence  alon^  said 


ran<^e  line  north  to  the  north  lino  of  the  county,  thence  west  to  the 
Mississippi  river,  thence  down  said  river  to  a  |K>int  directly  west  of 
the  place  of  bei^innin;;,  thence  to  the  place  of  be^inninj;.  which 
comp»)sed  AtUb  town^hip.  That  part  o!  the  county  within  the  fol- 
lowin«;  limits  was  known  ius  Franklin  township:  Commencint;  on 
the  Illinois  river  one  mile  north  of  the  north  line  of  township  8 
south,  thence  up  the  said  river  to  the  base  line,  thence  alonj^  said 
line  to  tiie  ranjije  line  l»etween  ranges  4  and  5  webt,  thence  south 
ruuninjj  on  the  said  ranije  line  to  the  northwest  corner  of  sec- 
tion 31,'  of  town  7  south,  and  rau;^>  4  west,  thence  alon^  the 
north  line  of  said  31,  and  said  first  tier  of  sections  north  of 

town  S  south,  to  lii«  jM.i.e  of  be^innin;;.  together  with  all  of  the 
atlacii'd  part  of  I'ikc  County  lyiiij;  north  of  the  a^ore^aid  bounda- 
ries. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  these  wereexcee«lin|;ly  lar«^  townships. 
They  embraced  several  counties,  and  extended  over  «»ne  (»f  the  fair- 
est portions  of  this  jjreat  State.  These  divisions  were  nuide  for  tiie 
convenience  of  the  settlers  in  voting,  niakini^  roads,  etc.,  3'ct  from 
tlie  extended  size  of  each  townshi|>  we  can  see  that  many  of  the 
early  voters  had  to  travel  many  miles  to  cast  his  ballot. 

KKAKI.ES6   COMMISSION KK8. 

During  the  year  the  Commissioners  ]tursued  the  even  tenor  of 
their  way,  gmntinij  }»etitions  for  roads,  ferries,  tavern  licenses  and 
election  precincts;  ap|K>inting  and  removinij  <»fficer6  with  an  in- 
flexilulity  of  purpose  that  is  really  amusing.  When  they  investi- 
gated a  matter  there  were  no  palliating  circumfitances  to  screen  the 
delinquent,  but  the  judicial  guillotine  cut  off  olKeial  heads  with  a 
refre>hing  impartiality.  Negligent  officers  feared  the  power  of  the 
*' triple  C"  more  than  Damocles  feared  the  hair-suspended  sword. 
They  sim]>ly  and  j»Iainlv  said  "(io,"  and  the  official  hesitated  not 
but  went  at  once,  and  that  was  the  end  of  it. 

In  reference  to  this  subject  we  tind  the  following  quaint  docu- 
ment on  record  under  date  of  July  29,  1824: 


HISTORY    OF    I'lKK    COUNTY.  265 

"It  appearing  to  tliis  Court  that  the  Clerk  for  some  time  past  has 
not  resided  at  the  county-seat,  nor  kept  the  records  and  papers  be- 
loncrinir  to  the  county  at  this  i>hice:  and  the  Court  liavino:  consid- 
ered  the  facts  and  the  law  arising  u})on  the  case,  does  adjudge  and 
determine  that  the  said  office  of  Clerk  is  now  vacant,  and  that  for 
the  aforesaid  cause  James  W.  Whitney,  the  Clerk,  be  and  is  hereby 
removed  from  office." 

We  suppose  that  Whitney  remained  at  Coles'  Grove  after  the 
county-seat  had  been  removed  to  Atlas,  and  the  inconveniences  of 
having  the  county  offices  and  officials  scattered  over  the  country  in 
that  wise  would  not  be  endured  longer  by  the  strict,  law-abiding 
Court. 

The  Court  assembled  upon  the  following  day,  and  not  yet  having 
selected  a  clerk,  appointed  Mr.  Whitney  Clerk  pro  tern.  It  appears 
that  the  Commissioners  had  nothing  personally  against  Mr.  Whit- 
ney, for  the  very  next  act  of  the  Court  was  to  recommend  him  to  the 
Governor  as  a  fit  and  proper  person  to  be  appointed  County  Sur- 
veyor, to  fill  the  vacancy  having  occurred  by  the  removal  of  Stephen 
Dewey  out  of  the  county.  This  man  Dewey,  the  first  Surveyor  of 
Pike  county,  laid  out  the  town  of  Lewistown,  Fulton  county,  where 
he  shortly  afterward  removed  and  served  for  many  years  as  Circuit 
and  County  Clerk,  and  did  efficient  work  in  the  organization  and 
establishment  of  that  county. 

It  appears  that  the  Court  could  find  no  suitable  person  to  take 
charge  of  the  Clerk's  office,  for  upon  July  30,  two  days  after  Mr. 
Whitney  was  so  summarily'  removed  from  office,  he  was  i-e-instated. 
Perhaps  a  compromise  was  made  between  the  Court  and  Mr.  AVhit- 
ney.  It  is  more  than  likely  that  he  was  compelled  to  move  to  the 
county-seat  in  order  to  receive  again  the  patronage  of  the  Court. 
He  served  until  April  27,  1825,  when  he  resigned  and  George  W. 
Britton  was  a))pointed  in  his  stead.  Whitney  was  indicted  for  mal- 
feasance in  office,  and  the  suit  was  withdrawn  on  condition  he 
would  resign. 

NEW  JUSTICES  OF  THE  PEACE. 

At  the  September  term,  1824,  in  compliance  with  a  petition  from 
the  citizens  on  and  near  Fever  river  (now  Galena)  and  the  lead 
mines,  John  Connelly,  Moses  Meeker  and  John  S.  Miller  were 
recommended  as  proper  persons  for  the  Governor  to  commission  Jus- 
tices of  the  Peace  of  Pike  county.  These  men  M'ere  the  very  earli- 
est settlers  in  northern  Illinois,  and  of  whom  we  speak  more  fully 
in  a  former  chapter.  April  27  of  the  following  year  Chas.  D.  St. 
Traine  was  recommended  for  the  same  office. 

COURT-HOUSE. 

The  little  temporary  log  court-house  first  built  in  Atlas  soon  be- 
came too  small  to  accommodate  the  Court  and  county  officers,  so  the 


2(50  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

buildiiii;  of  u  new  CDurt-honse  was  dibcussed  uiui  determined  upon 
hv  tlie  iKMiorahle  Court,  us  is  evinced  hv  the  followini;  order  : 

"  Nolito  is  luTclty  j;iven  that  on  thf  2-'»th  day  «>f  Jiiiu-  iii»tant,  iii  ilie  t-mirt  Imiis*' 
ill  AtluM,  IMke  county.  Illinoig,  »i  2  o'clock,  r.  M..  will  he  lei  to  the  I«)wc8t  hiihlcr 
the  hiiildini;  of  it  cimrt  hou-ic  so  fur  as  in  hcreinttfl'-r  fX|irf-^c(l :  To  be  4()x:U)  IVii 
on  the  tloor  uml  '2i»  t'l-d  liii:li,  twn  Hlorieg;  lo  In-  hnili  nf  hrick,  the  two  side  wiiils 
below  to  he  oi!'  half  briik   thi«  k,  i'  to   he  one  brick    thick. 

TIm"  outside  to  lied  complete  with  '.  i>W>;   the    lower   tliNir   to 

b<-  liti<l  with  biick  or  tile,  lire  pincea  and  partitiont,  except  the  pitrlition  of  the 
j^rand  jury  room,  to  be  done  with  a  plain  wimhIiu  cornice.  The  ('omnii!««ionrrs 
reserve  one  bill  fur  the  county.  IMaoM  to  lie  iihown  and  further  parlicularH  made 
known  lit  t 

••  N.  H  -  ^>-n  t«»  <indertaken<  on  intent<t  until  paid.     It  in 

pr<>|*o<«4-d  to  iriM- thi- jiili  •>!   pr<M  ii:  ^tone  auil  Hiortitr  fur  building;  Mpitrate 

from  the  other  part  or  iwrij*.  all  oi  >  .  .  in  lo  be*  coiupleUd  bv  tin  (ir^t  duy  of 
January,  A..  D.  18.i7.     ^ultlcicnt  HcnurliieH  will  be  it?<|ulred." 

The  Contract  for  fiirnibhin<;  Bttnie  nnd  mortar  was  blrutk  otf  lo 
Daniel  Shinn  and  Joseph  Petty  for  ^200.  The  main  contract  was 
given  to  LconurtI  and  William  ItosA  at  ij«l,'J(>0. 

It  ajtpear^,  however,  that  tho  htiihling  of  this  fine  htriicliire  was 
never  cjirried  to  completion.  The  linildini;  rose  in  it«  ma^jnificeiit 
propurtions  oidy  in  the  visions  of  the  honorable  ('oinmiKhioners.  It 
was  evidently  too  fine  and  extensive  for  the  times.  They  rented 
an  office  for  the  l.'oiinty  and  Circuit  Clerks,  which  in  the  winter  of 
183<»  '.">!  hiirmd  down. 

Nothiii^f  further  was  done,  accoriliiii;  to  the  records,  toward  the 
huildin*^  of  a  new  ciMirt-honsc  until  April  7,  182J>,  when  the  huh- 
ject  was  atjain  U'fore  the  ('ouri  for  its  considenition.  The  (^•tlrt 
then  onh-reti  the  contraet  for  the  erection  of  a  hiiilding  of  the  fol- 
lowing; dimensions  and  «lehcrii)tion  to  l>e  let:  "Said  htttise  to  be  30 
feet  long  by  18  feet  wide,  to  be  two  j»tt»rie8  high, — the  lower  one 
niue  feet  and  the  upper  one  eight  feet  high.  To  Ihj  covered  and 
enclosfd  in  a  goo«l.  workmanlike  manner.  To  leave  and  e!i.se  two 
iiuti^ide  dotirs  in  the  lower  story,  and  abo  si.x  windows  in  the  same, 
and  six  windows  in  the  up|>er  story.  To  put  in  joists  and  sleepers 
for  the  nnper  and  lower  rt<K»rs,  putting  them  down  loose  6o  as  to 
serve  a>  lioors.  To  bo  underpinne<J  with  si.x  j)illars,  to  l>e  substan- 
tially made  of  stone,  placing  one  at  each  corner  of  the  hotise  and 
one  under  each  siile  in  the  middle;  all  to  be  <lone  in  a  good,  w  »rk- 
manlike  manner.  The  undertaker  to  give  Ixnid  with  good  and 
sutlieient  security  in  double  the  sum  at  which  the  same  shall  l>e 
stricken  off  for  prompt  atid  faithful  performance  of  his  contract. 
The  contractor  shall  receive  his  pay  out  of  the  first  mon»  y.-;  wliidi 
shall  come  into  the  treasijry  not  otherwise  appropriated.'' 

The  records  continue  as  follows:  "The  court  next  proccethxl  to 
sell  the  building  of  said  courthouse  to  the  lowest  bid<ler.  ami  after 
sutfieient  notice  Wiis  given  thereof,  and  the  same  for  a  loiiij  time 
exposed,  it  was  stricken  oti*  to  James  Rice  for  the  sum  of  $493, 
that  being  the  lowest  sum  bid  therefor." 

James  Rice  failed  to  furnish  the  required  security  for  tlie  faithful 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  267 

performance  of  his  contract,  and  accordingly  June  1,  1829,  the 
Sheriff  was  ordered  to  again  "  put  up  at  public  auction  and  sell  the 
building  of  the  same  to  the  lowest  bidder,  with  the  addition  to  the 
former  })lan  of  six  feet  in  lengtii  and  six  feet  in  breadth."  They 
further  altered  the  plans  upon  the  Gth  of  June,  upon  which  day 
they  met  for  the  purpose  of  letting  the  contract  ft)r  building  it. 
They  made  the  following  alterations:  "There  shall  be  ten  stone 
pillars,  18  inches  al)ove  the  surface  of  the  ground,  six  windows  in 
the  lower  story  with  IG  lights  in  each  window,  S  by  10,  and  8  win- 
dows in  upper  story  with  VI  lights  in  each  window,  8  by  10." 

The  contract  was  "struck  off"  to  Elisha  Petty  for  $600.  Wil- 
liam Ross  went  upon  his  bond  for  $1,200.  Mr,  Petty  was  sub(»e- 
cjuently  allowed  §42.28  for  extra  work. 

The  court-house  was  accepted  by  the  Court  Sept.  7,  1829. 

COUNTY-SEAT    RE-LOCATED, 

It  appears  that  the  location  of  the  county-seat  at  Atlas  was  not  en- 
tirely satisfactory  to  every  person,  as  we  hud  an  election  was  held  in 
March,  1827,  to  select  commissioners  to  re-locate  the  county-seat, 
David  Dutton,  Joel  Meacham  and  William  Meredith  were  chosen 
for  this  work.  That  any  definite  move  was  made  by  these  gentlemen 
toward  selectinor  another  site  for  the  countv-seat  we  are  not  aware; 
the  records  are  silent  as  to  anything  done  by  these  gentlemen.  By 
the  year  1832  the  subject  of  changing  the  county-seat  from  Atlas, 
however,  was  freely  discussed.  It  was  desired  to  have  it  more  cen- 
trally located.  The  Legislature  of  lS32-'3  appointed  a  commis- 
sion to  re-locate  the  county-seat,  Tiiese  gentlemen  made  their 
report  in  April  13,  1833,  which  is  as  follows: 

"We,  the  undersigned,  having  been  appointed  commissioners  to  change  and  re- 
locate the  seat  of  justice  of  the  county  of  Pii<.e  b}*  the  Legishiture  of  the  State  of 
Illinois,  by  an  act  approved  Feb.  22,  1833,  beg  leave  to  report  to  your  honorable 
body  now  in  session,  that  after  being  duly  sworn  in  conformity  with  said  act,  did, 
on  the  0th  day  of  A])ril,  1833,  enter  upon  the  duties  assi>i;ned  us  by  said  act,  by  ex- 
amination of  said  county  of  Pike,  having  a  due  regard  to  the  present  as  well  as 
the  future  settlement  and  prospective  growth  of  said  county,  have  selected  and  lo- 
cated the  southeast  quarter  of  section  24,  in  township  ")  south,  and  range  4  west  of 
the  fourth  principal  meridian,  as  the  count) -seat  of  the  county  of  Pike,  said  coun- 
ty-seat to  be  known  and  designated  by  the  name  of  Pittsfield. 
"April  17,  1833. 

"SAMUEL  ALEXANDER. 
"EAUL  PEIPvCE 
".lOIIN  W.  STERNE." 

Each  of  these  gentlemen  was  paid  $3G  for  his  services. 
The  town  was  platted  and  a  sale  of  lots  held  April  15, 1833.  The 
records  proceed  as  follows:  "The  amount  of  notes  and  cash,  after 
paying  Win,  Ross,  Esq.,  $200  borrowed  of  him  to  enter  the  quar- 
ter section  on  which  the  town  of  Pittsfield  is  located;  the  exj")ense8 
to  Alexander  Peirce  and  Sterne  >^I08,  for  locating  said  seat  of  jus- 
tice; also,  for  advertising  sale  of  lots,  paying  for  the  survey  of  the 
same,  making  plat  and  all   the  expenses  of  the  Commissioners' 


268  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY. 

Court,  which  have  accrucHl  in  ami  about  the  h)Ciitiou,  sale  of  lots, 
laying  otr  the  town,  etc.,  leaves  the  amount  of  iJ^IXU  .Ss,  which  sum 
is  delivered  over  to  the  Treasurer  as  a  special  fund  for  the  purpose 
of  erectin<^  public  huildinirs."  Thus  it  will  l>e  seen  that  thecouiity 
purchased  the  land  upoti  which  the  business  and  much  of  the  resi- 
dence portion  of  the  t(twn  of  I*ittstield  now  stands  for  the  sum  of 
$200.  Tiio  new  town  havin<;  l)een  surveyed,  larfjje  hard- wood  stakes 
were  driven,  desi«^natin<;  the  corner  of  each  lot,  and  bein^  also  the 
only  ^ui(h'  to  the  location  of  streets, 

April  15  was  the  day  appointinl  f«»r  the  first  sale  of  lots  at  public 
auction.  The  settlers  assembled  from  all  parts  t»f  the  county  upon 
the  site  of  the  proposed  village,  each  an.xious  to  become  the  owner 
of  a  town  lot.  This  atid  suitsecpH'nt  salrs  were  held,  and  lots  seem 
to  have  met  with  a  ready  sale  at  fair  prices,  which  is  the  best  evi- 
dence that  the  pioneers  were  not  only  enthusiastic  in  sentiment  in 
relation  to  the  bri;:;lit  prosj>ects  and  future  j;reatness  of  the  town 
they  were  buildinij,  but  were  also  williijij  to  lend  all  the  material 
aid  in  their  power  to  the  «•«  iisummation  of  the  <lesirrd  cml. 

Another  sale  of  lots  was  held  Oct.  2S,  \>',i:\,  from  which  the 
county  realized  )J^1. !;')(). 74  cash.  a»jd  notes  to  the  anuujntof  $s76.73. 
Anothrr  sale  was  held  .lune  4,  \>'M,  when  3S  lots  were  sold,  real- 
izitji;  $I,otJ<)  cash,  after  deductin«;  >5«;7  as  exi»ensi's,  and  ^li^-i  worth 
of  notes.  An«»ther  sale  was  had  Monday,  Nlay  2,  l'^^*?,  when  l'i2 
lot«  were 'sold  for  $l>,3r.4.5o.  An«»ther,'()ct.  6,  1837,  when  28  lots 
brought  $4,110. 

TilK  ri.KKK   RESIONa 

The  tollowing  document  apj>ears  upon  pages  121  and  122  of  2d 
volume  of  County  Commissioners'  C<Mirt  records.  It  is  tiie  resig- 
nation of  William  Ross,  as  Clerk.  lie  had  served  the  cnunty  in 
that  capacity  faithfully  and  ably  for  a  decntle,  ami  now  as  he  is  al>out 
to  leave  he  writes  his  old  associates  the  following  resiL'mition: 

Aii.Af*.  ."^'I't.  i,  l?.i4 
To  thf  Il'^n.  Prnj    Il-trn't.  Gf^.  W   Hir,m'tn  and  Andrrie  I*/iilliji»,  County  Corn- 
for  Ifii  '  '<■  iif  J'li.inin  : 

• .       .  ■<  —The  J  III  which  it  will  Ijocoiuc  my  duty  to 

resipn  to  you  the  nttU-v  I  tiohl  on  thi-  apiHiintmcnt  of  your  Court,  on  account  of  my 
having  iM'on  cU-ctuI  a  uicuiIht  of  the  nixl  (Jencnil  .Vswmbly  of  this  Stat*-.  To 
holtl  l)oth  oltlcfs  is  inconipHtililt'  nith  the  Connlitution  of  our  State  and  contrary 
to  my  wish«*s.     1  will  th<  i    "  '  f  ;:ivin;;  the  Court  i<nu*  to  b»1c<1 

my  suirevs<ir,  projMise  lo  i,  i  n  of  the  oHice  of  Clerk  ofyour 

Omrt,  to  take  etfect  on  the  '.i.'jth  day  oi   Novemlxr,  1h:{4. 

In  doing  thi.s.  I  Ix-g  of  you  to  »lo  me  the  justice  to  Ik*  assure<I  that  in  pres<'ntinjr 
myself  as  a  candidate  at  the  late  election,  which  has  tem)inate<l  in  the  nwcssity  of 
my  withdrawiuL'  my  services  from  you.  it  is  not  without  a  strict  reg;ml  to  all 
the  coii>iiler;ilions  which  1  conceive  Mnd  a  dutiful  (  itizen  to  his  rf)Uiitry.  I 
have  Ix-eii  inlluenced   Ity  no  aml>:'  itives  or   selfairprandizemcnt ;  but  my 

solo  object  has  been  to  restore  an  ii  the  ditrn  tV  of  our  country. 

Permit  me  here  to  rem  irk  that  it  isa  source  of  <rn*at  pleasure  to  me  that  during 
Rperioil  of  al)out  ten  years  which  I  have  had  the  honor  to  serve  this  county  in  flcv- 
end  importJint  oIlic«'s,  I  have  U-en  >o  fortunate  as  to  discharge  those  duties  to  the 
sa'irfaetion  of  my  i"  '■  "v 

Rely ini:  upon  tli'  •      =  which  controls  the  destinies  of  man,  I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  269 

liope  andftrust  that  I  may  be  be  permitted  to  retain  that  continuation  of  confidence 
which  lias  bren  so  recently  manifested  toward  nic  until  my  latest  breath. 
\Vllh  sentiments  of  great  personal  consideration, 

I  remain,  yours  sincerely, 

W.*  Ross,  C.  C  C.  C.  P.  C. 

AD  QUOD  DAMNUM. 

This  was  a  process  to  secure  a  mill  site.  In  those  early  times 
tlie  millinii^  of  the  country  was  of  no  little  importance.  ^Fills  were 
of  t^iicli  i^roat  public  necessity  that  they  were  })ermitted  to  he  located 
upon  any  person's  land,  if  the  miller  thoui^^ht  the  site  desirable. 
Sites  along  the  streams  were  selected  for  water-power.  A  person 
looking  for  a  mill-site  would  follow  up  and  down  the  stream  for 
tlie  desired  location,  and  when  found  he  would  go  before  tlie  Com- 
missioners' Court  and  secure  a  writ  of  ad  quod  darnmnn.  This 
would  enable  the  miller  to  liave  the  adjoining  land  officially  exam- 
ined and  the  amount  of  damage  for  making  the  dam  was  secured. 

The  old  records  contained  numerous  a])])lications  for  these"writs. 
We  quote  one  only  as  a  specimen  of  others: 

"  On  application  of  Wm.  Ross,  and  previous  notice  having  been  given  of  his  in- 
tention, by  publication  on  the  door  of  the  court-house  for  four  weeks  preceding 
the  sitting  of  the  Court,  it  is  ordered  that  a  writ  oi  ad  quod  damnum  issue,  directed 
to  the  Sherift  of  the  county,  commanding  him  to  summon  twelve  good  and  liw- 
ful  men  of  his  county  to  meet  on  the  southeast  quarter  of  section  18,  in  township 
6  south,  and  range  5  west,  to  locate  and  set  apart  by  metes  and  bounds  so  much 
of  the  said  (quarter  section,  not  exceeding  three  acres,  as  they  shall  think  neces- 

ary  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  dam  across  the  Sny  Carte  for  a  water  grist  and 

aw-mill." 

FIRST   COURT-IIOUSE    AT    PITTSFIELD. 

The  county-seat  having  been  re-located,  a  town  laid  out,  lots 
sold,  business  houses  and  dwellings  being  erected,  it  became  the 
duty  of  the  Court  to  have  a  court-house  built  in  the  new  town. 
Accordingly,  Tuesday,  Jun'e  4,  1833,  the  contract  for  building  a 
court-house  at  Pittsfield  was  let  to  Israel  N.  Burtt,  he  afrreeins:  to 
erect  the  structure  for  81,01)5.  This  he  speedily  did,  and  the  old 
huilding  still  stands  upon  the  street  at  the  corner  of  the  alley, 
facing  and  just  north  of  the  Pu!)lic  Square.  It  is  a  frame  build- 
ing, in  a  good  state  of  j)reservation,  and  is  occupied  by  Mr.  Ileck 
as  a  bakery  and  grocery. 

PRESENT   COURT-HOUSE. 

Two  years  had  scarcely  rolled  by  ere  the  building  of  a  new  court- 
house was  liegun  to  be  agitated.  Some  of  the  more  aristocratic 
thought  the  count}'  should  have  a  finer  court  edifice,  one  more  in 
keeping  with  the  wealth  and  progress  of  the  county.  It  is  true  the 
county  had  grown  ra})idly  in  population  and  wealth.  Notice, 
therefore,  was  given  by  the  Court  that  ]iliins  for  a  new  building 
would  be  received.  Upon  the  5th  day  of  February,  1830,  the  (-ourt 
accepted  the  plans  tluit  were  ])resented  by  Benjamin  L.  Osborne, 
and  gave  him  a  premium  of  $20  for  the  plans. 


270  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COl'NTY. 

The  county  not  owiiiii<^  desiralile  «^roiiml,n6  it  was  tlioijo;lit,  iij>on 
which  to  Kjcate  the  coiitnnohited  striu'turo,  the  Court  a|tj)uiiited 
JaiiH'S  Jolmson,  Jainc8  J).  Morrison  and  AVilliani  Wats(»n  a;,'t'r>tt» 
to  procure  l»y  jturclia>e  «»r  excliany;e  a  euitalile  |»iece  ol"  ;;rttunii. 
Tliis  committee  accordin«;lv  ])rocured  of  Daniel  IJ.  liush  a  part  ot 
h)t  G,  hk)ck  5,  being  the  whole  front  of  eaid  lot  upon  the  I'uhlic 
S<|U:irf,  running  hack  10(»  feet,  f»»r  wliich  they  pive  ^Ir.  Ihish  a 
]>art  of  lot  h,  block  5.  This  location  wim  not  satistactury  to  all  par- 
ties, and  <|uite  a  bitter  war  arose  as  to  where  the  court-hoiiso  should 
stand.  It  was  at  last  decided  that  it  should  be  located  upon  the 
center  of  the  Public  Spiare. 

At  the  September  term,  1S30,  AVm.  Uoss,  Uriah  Ihown  and 
James  Johnsi>n  were  appointed  a^'ents  upon  the  part  of  the  county 
to  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  courthouse,  "said  buibling  to  be 
T>lace<l  in  the  center  of  the  Public  Sjuarc,  and  not  to  cost  over 
!|^ir>. (>(»(»."  These  gentlemen  entered  into  c«»ntract  with  iSenjamin 
T.  ( )sbornc,  (it'orge  I).  Foot  and  Jud^on  (Memcnt  for  llu-  "n-ction 
of  the  court-house  for  the  sum  of  $15,0(tO.  Daniel  1  >.  White, 
Henry  Caswell  and  Lyman  lieeman  were  ajipointed  a  comuuttco 
to  superintend  its  erection. 

The  construction  of  the  court-liouse  was  pushe«l  rapidly  on,  and 
Dec,  8,  lS3vS,  it  was  delivcretl  over  to  the  Sherirt',  tli«>u<;h  in  an  un- 
finished conditioji.  It  was  used  for  court  purposes  in  tiiis  way  for 
a  time  before  completion.  I!y  June,  1M51»,  it  was  complete*!,  and 
Foot,  Clement  and  Ooborne  were  ]»ai<l  the  balance  due  them  in 
county  orders,  upon  wliich  the  ci»unty  paid  1*J  per  cent,  interest. 

This  structure  still  stands  and  is  in  use  today.  It  is  located  in 
the  center  of  a  small  s<|uare,  which  is  set  with  many  large  and 
beautiful  trees.  The  main  upi»er  ro<»m  is  used  for  circuit  court 
purposes.  I'esides  this  ro<»m  tliere  are  two  other  smaller  ones,  one 
of  which  is  occupied  bv  the  State's  Attorney,  the  other  a  jury  room. 
l'|H>n  the  main  lh>ur  tliere  is  a  hall-way  running  through  the  build- 
ing from  north  to  south.  Fpon  either  side  of  this  are  ofhces  for 
the  ctuinty  otlicials.  I'pon  the  west  bi«Ie  are  the  Coimty  .Iiidges, 
Sheriff's  and  School  Su|>erintendent's  offices,  and  upon  the  <)pj>o- 
site  side  are  the  offices  of  the  County  Treasurer  and  Surveyor. 

This  building  when  erected  was  among  the  linest  and  largest 
court-houses  in  the  ^Ve^t,  and  for  many  years  it  stood  foremost 
among  the  public  buildings  of  Illinois,  and  was  pointed  to  with 
pride,  not  only  by  the  citizens  of  I'ike  county,  but  by  those  through- 
out Central  Illinois.  It  stood  as  a  monument  <»f  the  enterprise  of 
the  pioneers  of  this  section,  and  was  one  of  the  grandest  evidences 
of  the  })rosi>erity  of  the  newly  settled  State.  It  stands  to-day  as 
solid  as  when  first  built.  Every  stone  and  brick  is  in  its  ]>lace, 
and  every  timber  has  stood  the  storms  of  nearly  lialf  a  century  un- 
shaken. Around  this  old  building  cluster  pleasant  recollections  of 
the  long-ago.  Within  its  storm-l»eaten  walls  have  lieen  heard  pleas 
as  rich  in  eloo'sence  as  were  ever  presented  to  judge  or  jury. 
AVithin  those  old  walls,  made  sacred  by  time  and  the  memories  of 


HISTOKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  271 

some  of  the  e^randest  characters  and  most  gifted  men  known  in  tlie 
history  of  Illinois,  many  a  scene  full  of  historic  interest  has  oc- 
curred, which,  could  we  accurately  picture,  would  be  read  more  as  a 
romance  than  prosaic  history.  What  numbers  of  trembling  and 
downcast  prisoners  have  stood  before  the  learned  tribunal  within 
the  old  upper  room,  to  ]ilead  "Guilt}',"  or  "  Not  Guilty !  "  Then 
the  long,  hotly-contested  trial  came;  witnesses  examined  and  cruss- 
exanlined;  the  wrangle  and  wordy  wars  between  the  lawyers;  the 
appeal  to  the  jury  and  addresses,  which  for  logic,  eloquence,  touch- 
ing, sympathetic  eloquence,  have  not  been  excelled  in  all  the  broad 
land.  How  many  times  have  the  twelve  jurors,  sworn  to  be  im- 
partial, liled  into  their  little  secret  room,  to  consult  and  decide  the 
iate  of  the  prisoner  at  the  bar!  Then  how  often  have  the  joyous 
words  come  forth,  "Not  Guilty!''  But,  again,  how  very  many 
have  stood  before  the  Judge  to  hear  in  measured  tones  their  sen- 
tence! Sometimes  it  was  thought  Justice  was  outraged;  that  the 
Judge,. jury  and  Prosecuting  Attorne}'  had  prostituted  their  high 
positions,  violated  their  sworn  duty,  and  made  easy  the  escape  for 
culprits;  yet,  taking  it  ail  in  all,  the  goddess  of  justice  has  shed  no 
more  tears  over  insults  to  her  holy  and  righteous  charge  here  than 
she  has  at  any  other  judgment-bar  in  the  State.  Law  and  justice 
have  almost  always  been  vindicated,  and  the  <.»ftender  punished. 

Could  these  old  walls  speak  and  tell  us  of  the  eloquent  an<l  effect- 
ive pleadings  of  Linctjln,  Baker,  Ilichardson,  McDougal,  Browning, 
Bushnell,  Manning,  Walker  and  others,  or  of  the  learned  decisions 
of  Douglas,  Young,  Thomas  and  Walker,  that  the}'  have  listened  to, 
how  eagerly  we  would  seel:  them !  We  do  not  forget  that  at  the  pres- 
ent time  justice  is  as  swiftly  vindicated  as  ever  before;  that  the  Bike 
county  Bar  is  at  its  maximum  in  point  of  legal  ability.  It  takes 
the  mazes  of  time  to  add  the  luster  of  fame  to  the  laborsand  char- 
acter of  most  men.  That  which  is  of  the  past,  or  of  the  future,  we 
are  wont  to  believe  possesses  more  merit  than  that  which  we  have 
with  us.     Thus  it  is  with  the  legal  liMits  of  to-day. 

Just  west  of  the  court-house  and  within  the  Court  Square  stands 
the  "tire-proof."  This  building  contains  the  offices  of  the  Circuit 
and  County  Clei'ks,  and  was  erected  in  ISS-t.  It  was  first  ordered 
built  uj)on  the  northwest  corner  of  the  Square,  but  that  order  was 
rescinded  and  it  was  decided  to  erect  it  "  near  the  west  gate  of  the 
Public  Square,  upon  the  south  side  of  the  walk,  the  south  side 
ranging  N>ith  the  south  side  of  the  court-house,  the  west  end  24 
feet  from  the  fence  of  the  Public  Square." 

FENCE   AROUND    THE    SQUARE. 

Speaking  of  the  fence  around  the  Public  Square  calls  to  mind 
an  order  of  the  Court  of  June,  1S45,  giving  the  President  and 
Trustees  of  Pittslield  ]>ermissiun  to  fence  the  Public  S(|uare  and 
plant  within  the  enclosure  ornamental  or  shade  trees.  Heretofore, 
we  presume,  there  was  neither  fence  nor  shrubbery  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  court-house,  save   the  hazel-brush  that  stood  in  its  native 


"272  MISTOKY    OK    IMKK    CODMV. 

growth  witliiii  the  Square.     Here,  wo  are  told   that  Win.  K.  Peters 
often  t't'd  his  cattle. 

We  liiul  in  the  records  of  tlie  Board  of  Snnervisors  that  in  April, 
1854,  that  body  appropriated  $200,  on  condition  that  the  town  of 
Pittstield  shttuld  apj)ropriate  a  like  amount,  tohuild  a  fence  around 
tlie  I'uhlie  S(|u;u-e,  **ton  feet  inside  of  present  fence,  and  put  hitch- 
ing post-  wilt-re  the  fencf  .-tood." 

FIRST   JAIL    AT    PITTSKIKLn. 

Necessarily,  as  faiithful  historians,  wo  aro  compelled  to  mar  the 
pleasant  proirress  of  this  chapter  by  reference  to  j»rison  bars.  It 
poems  as  the  cminty  advanoetl  in  wealth  and  population  the  evil 
principle  kept  pace  with  it;  and  as  immaculate  and  good  as  the 
pioneer  fathers  niuhuihtedly  were,  even  among  them  there  were 
wicked  and  vicious  characters.  The  old  log  jail  at  Atlas  never  was 
a  very  strong  or  secure  one,  and  prisoners  were  continually  escap- 
ing. When  the  county-seat  was  moved  tt)  Pittstield.  it  was  deter- 
mined to  build  a  g»»od,  gubstantial  jail.  Accordingly  the  contract 
for  building  a  jail  was  let  to  M.  K.  Rittan,  .March  5,  1835,  for  a 
prison  to  cost  $.S,sS9.  The  buihling  was  to  be  2Sx30  in  size,  two 
stories  high,  and  tt»  be  ma»le  of  stone.  It  appears  that  considerable 
time  was  employe*!  in  its  erection,  for  we  find  it  was  not  received 
by  the  county  until  June,  1831>,  when  Mr.  iUttan  was  allowed  J^IJOO 
for  tlie  cx^ra  work  performed. 

A    NKW    ICKCIMR    I.S    CHOOSING    COMMISfilONKKS. 

IIeret«»fore  the  terms  of  office  of  all  three  of  the  ('ominifisioners 
had  expiretl  at  the  same  time,  being  electeti  for  two  years;  but  in 
1838  a  new  rule  was  adopted,  in  compliance  with  an  act  of  the  Leg- 
islature. Now  they  were  to  bo  elected  fi»r  three  years  and  one  re- 
tire every  year,  thus  leaving  two  experience<i  men  in  office.  For 
the  first  terms,  howi-ver,  one  of  them  should  serve  only  one  year, 
aiu»ther  two,  and  the  thinl  three  years.  On  convening  at  the  fall 
term  <»f  this  year  they  drew  lots  to  decide  the  term  each  should 
serve.  Three  jiieees  of  paper,  upon  which  were  written  "one  year,'' 
"two  years,"  ,*•  three  years,"  respectively,  were  thrown  t(»gether, 
and  each  Commissioner  drew  one.  John  W,  Burch  drew  "  one 
year,"  Alfred  Grubb,  *'  two  years,"  and  John  Neeley  ''  three 
years." 

POOR    FARM. 

At  the  December  term,  1843,  the  Court  provided  a  farm  for  the 
poor  of  the  county,  and  instead  of  "  letting  out"  or  "  selling"  the 
paupers  as  heretofore,  they  were  obliged  to  go  to  tliat  farm.  The 
first  pauj)er  of  whom  we  find  mention  on  the  records  was  Joseph 
Moore.  He  died  in  June,  1830.  Green  Street  was  the  next  one 
mentioned. 


HISTORY   OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


273 


LAST    MEETINGS. 

The  Commissioners'  Court  continued  to  manao;e  the  affairs  of 
tlie  county  until  18-tO,  when  tlie  new  Constitution  of  the  State 
went  into  elTect,  wliich  abolished  this  tin\e-honored  Court.  Before 
adjourning  finally,  however,  it  ordered  a  vote  to  be  taken  for  or 
against  township  organization,  and  then  adjourned  till  "court  in 
course,"  but  never  re-assembled. 


(  llAITKi:   V. 
GEOLCKiY* 

A  liir:;e  |>roj>ortion  «»f  tlie  uplaiul  of  Pike  county  was  ori^irmlly 
heavily  tiiiibered,  but  there  are  several  Hinall  jtrairies  in  the  cen- 
tral and  northern  }>«»rlionj<.  It  n  a  well-watered  connty,  and  the 
valley  of  the  Mis8issippi  is  from  8  to  12  miles  wide,  most  of  it 
lying  on  the  Illinois  side.  More  than  one-tiftii  of  the  area  of  the 
County  lies  in  this  vallfv.  The  iftMieral  level  of  the  u]dands  may 
be  ehtiinated  at  from  'JUO  to  300  ieet  above  the  great  watercourses, 
with  no  very  well-detined  water-shed.  The  soil  on  the  timbered 
land."*  is  generally  a  chocolate-coloreiJ  clay  loam,  becoming  lighter 
in  color  on  the  banks  of  the  streams  and  in  tl>e  vicinitv  of  the 
river  blutl's. 

The  geological  structure  of  this  county  is  somewhat  j>eculiar, 
and  the  strata  cx|>oseil  within  its  limits  comprise  the  upper  part  of 
tlie  Niagara  limestone,  the  whole  series  of  I^ower  Carboniferous 
limestoneri  e,\cej»t  the  Chester  group,  and  a  limited  tiiirknes.s  of 
Coal  Measures,  with  the  usual  surface  derxtsit.'.  of  Loess  and  Drift. 
The  most  northerly  outcrop  of  Devonian  l>eds  is  in  (.'alhoun  county. 
The  Loess  and  Drift  measure  40  to  100  feet  in  thickness  in  Pike 
ct>unty.  the  Coal  Measures  L'o  tt»  00,  St.  Louis  limestone  one  to  30, 
Keokuk  group  lOo  to  1l>5.  l>iirlir»gton  limestone  15o  to  'JoO,  Kin- 
derhook  lOO  to  120,  and  the  Niagara  limestone  one  to  50. 

The  Niagara  limestone  is  found  only  in  the  soutliwest  part  of 
the  county,  where  its  ntain  outcrop  is  at  the  base  of  the  bluffs 
between  liockport  and  the  south  line  of  the  county  and  for  a  short 
distance  up  Six-Mile  creek.  It  contnins  a  few  fossils  at  the  out- 
crop near  Pleasant  Hill,  among  which  are  Trilobites  and  a  few 
shells.  At  Mr.  Well.-,'  place,  N.  W.  J  sec,  17,  Pleasant  Hill  town- 
ship, the  buff-colored  magnesia  beds  of  this  group  are  exposed 
about  10  feet  in  thick nes.-.,  and  the  rock  has  been  quarried  for 
building-stone.  On  the  S.  E.  |  sec.  8  there  is  an  exposure  of  about 
22  feet  of  this  limestone,  the  lower  10  feet  Ijeing  a  gray,  even- 
bedded  limestone,  and  the  uj»|>er  12  feet  a  buff-colored  niagucsian 

•Abstracted  from  State  (Jcoiogical  K«*port  by  Prof.  \.  ll.  WorlLcn. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKF.    COUNTY.  275 

rock,  closely  resembling  the  rock  from  the  Grafton  quarries.  It 
is  the  prevailinf^  rock  at  Pleasant  Hill,  where  it  forms  a  limestone 
bench  about  30  feet  high,  above  the  road,  at  the  base  of  the  bluffs. 
Two  miles  north  of  Pleasant  Hill,  on  a  branch  of  Six-Mile  creek, 
the  upper  ])art  of  this  limestone  is  exposed  in  the  bed  of  the  creek. 

KINDERHOOK    GROUP. 

One  of  the  best  exposures  of  this  group  in  this  county  is  just 
above  Kinderhook:  whence  the  name.  It  is  at  the  point  of  the 
bluff,  and  comprises  2C  feet  of  Loess,  15  of  Burlington  liniestone,  6 
of  thin-bedded,  fine-grained  limestone, 36  of  thin-bedded  sandstone 
and  sandy  shales,  and  40  feet  of  clay  and  sandy  shales,  partly 
hidden.  Fossil  shells  are  found  in  the  sandstone.  This  group  is 
also  well  exposed  at  Rockport  and  two  miles  below  Atlas,  and 
somewhat  exposed  at  the  base  of  the  Illinois  river  bluffs.  Almost 
everywhere  in  the  county  the  Burlington  limestone  overlies  the 
group,  which  determines  the  topograpiiical  features  of  the  region 
also  underlaid  by  the  shales  and  gritstones  of  the  group. 

BURLINGTON    LIMESTONE. 

This  limestone  forms  the  bed  rock  over  fully  one-half  the  up- 
lands. It  is  from  50  to  100  feet  in  thickness,  and  its  best  expo- 
sures are  among  the  river  bluffs.  It  is  a  rather  coarse-grained, 
gray  stone,  interspersed  with  brown  layers,  and  is  largely  com- 
posed of  the  fossilized  remains  of  crinoids  and  moUusks.  In  the 
Mississippi  bluff,  near  the  north  line  of  the  county,  40  feet  or  more 
of  the  lower  portion  of  this  limestone  is  exposed,  forming  the  upper 
escarpment  of  the  bluff,  and  consistingof  alternate  beds  of  gray  and 
brown  limestone,  usually  in  regular  and  tolerably  thick  beds.  It 
has  fossils,  and  has  been  extensively  quarried  on  Big  Jilue  creek 
for  building  purposes.  On  the  eastern  side  of  the  county  the  most 
northerly  outcrop  of  this  limestone  is  near  Griggsville  Landing, 
where  the  cherty  beds  of  the  upper  division  of  this  rock  are  exposed 
at  the  l)ase  of  the  bluff'.  The  outcrop  here  is  about  50  feet  thick. 
It  appears  about  the  same  at  Montezuma,  and  is  seen  exposed  at 
points  all  along  these  bluffs.  It  is  well  exposed  on  Bay  creek, 
forming  the  main  portion  of  the  bluffs  along  this  stream  from  near 
Pittsfield  to  the  southeast  corner  of  the  county.  It  is  the  most  im- 
portant of  all  the  limestones  exposed  in  this  county,  both  as  regards 
extent  of  exposure  and  its  economical  value.  As  a  building  stone 
it  is  not  equal  to  the  magnesiau  beds  of  the  IMiagara  group,  as 
found  near  Pleasant  Hill,  but  is  nevertheless  very  durable.  It  can 
be  found  over  half  the  county. 

KEOKUK    GROUP. 

This  group  lies  just  above  the  Burlington  limestone,  and  out- 
crops over  a  large  ]K)rtion  of  the  northern  and  northeastern  parts 
of  the  county,  where  it  is  frecpiently   found   immediately  beneath 


270  UI8TOKY    OF    riKK    COUNTY. 

the  Coal  Measures.  The  St.  Louis  f^roiip,  whieli  slionld  proj)crly 
intervene,  was  worn  away  before  the  coal  epoch.  It  eoiititsts  of 
li^^ht  ":rav  and  hhiisli  ijrav  chert v  liinet^tones  at  the  base,  which 
closely  reseinhle  the  upper  bedsof  tiie  nurlin<(ton  limestone.  Some 
ot"  the  limestone  strata  are  as  crinoiihil  in  their  structure  as  the 
Jiurlin<;ton,  hut  they  are  usually  more  Muisii  gray  in  color. 
Tiicre  is  usually  a  series  of  cherty  beds,  10  to  30  feet  in  thickness, 
separatin*;  the  ujain  limestones  of  the  two  groups,  which  nniy 
pro|)erly  be  regarded  as  tratisitioiuil.  Tiic  ujiper  division  consists 
oflime-chiy  shales  and  thin  bedded  limestones,  containing  geodes 
lined  with  crystallized  «juartz,  chalcedony,  calcite,  dolomite,  crystals 
of  zinc  blende  an<i  iron  pyrites.  The  pyrites  is  usually  in  minute 
crystals  imi)lanted  on  quartz. 

This  division  may  be  seen  a  mileanda  half  southeast  of  Griggsville, 
and  where  it  fir>t  appears  beneath  the  ('oal  Measures  the  getujes  are 
imbedded  in  a  ferruginous  sandstone,  which  perhaps  represents 
the  conglomerate  usually  lying  at  the  base  of  the  Coal  Measures. 
This  indicates  that  before  or  during  the  fornnition  of  this  con<d(»m- 
crate  the  shales  originally  inclo>ing  the  get»des  were  swe|>t  away, 
and  the  geodes  were  tiieu  enclosed  in  sand  which  subse(juently 
harileiu'd.  These  geode-bearing  limestones  are  exposed  near  Perry 
Springs,  where  the  waters  clerive  their  mineral  ingredients  from 
these  beds.  At  Chamber^burg,  the  limestones  of  this  group  form 
the  betl  of  Mc( tee's  creek.  Other  prominent  exjmsurert  of  these 
limestiuics  are  at  (iriggsville  Landing,  on  Iladley's  creek,  near 
Huntley's  coal  bunk,  etc.  From  this  stratum  much  good  building 
stone  has  been  <jiuirried. 

ST.    LoriS   OBOL'I*. 

On  the  Icinks  (»f  Mc(iee's  creek  only  are  itulications  of  the  pres- 
ence of  this  group.  The  l)eds  exposed  here  consist  of  brown  mag- 
nesian  limestone  and  shale-i,  20  to  30  feet  thick.  A  mile  and  a  half 
northweet  of  Perry  «juarries  have  been  opened  in  these  beds,  and 
about  three  miles  north  <»f  Perry  Springs  they  are  again  expose<i, 
overlaid  by  shale,  the  whole  being  about  20  feet  in  thickness. 

COM.    MEASURES. 

The  coal  formation  occupies  but  a  limited  area  in  tlie  central 
and  northern  )»ortions  of  this  county,  underlying  the  whole  of  New 
Salem  township,  and  a  ]>ortion  only  of  the  four  surrounding  town- 
ships. The  thickness  does  not  probably  exceed  CO  feet.  The  fol- 
lowing are  the  j)rincipal  ]>oiut8  where  coal  has  been  dug  in  Pike 
county: 

Huntley's,  N.W.  |  sec.  lo,  Hadley  township;  coal  IG  to  24  inches 
thick,  overlaid  by  about  6  inches  of  black  shale. 

Huntley's  new  bank,  N.AV.  ^  sec.  10,  Hadley  township;  bed  0 
feet  thick,  with  a  ])arting  of  clay  shale  in  the  middle,  about  2  inches 
in  thickness.  The  coal  in  the  upper  ]>art  of  this  seam  is  rather 
soft,  and  contains  considerable  iron  bisulphide.    The  lower  division 


HISTORY    or  PIKE   COUNTY.  27T 

affords  a  harder  and  l)etter  coal  and  rests  upon  a  gray  fire  clay  2 
feet  or  more  in  thickness. 

Three  miles  east  of  Barrv  coal  has  been  dus'  on  a  small  branch 
south  of  the  Piiiladeli)hia  road;  and  a  mile  further  south  tliere  is  a 
blue  chi}'  shale  25  to  30  feet  thick  exposed  along  the  creek  which 
intersects  the  river  bluffs  near  New  Canton.  It  contains  sej)taria 
and  tuten-mergel,  and  closely  resembles  the  shale  over  the  coal  at 
Huntley's  mine. 

From  this  point  the  western  boundary  of  the  Coal  Measures 
trends  sontheastwardly  to  llouseworth's  coal  bank,  two  miles  and  a 
half  northwest  of  Pittsiield,  on  N.W.  ^  sec.  16,  Pittslield  township. 
Coal  about  IS  inches  thick,  overlaid  by  about  three  feet  of  dark  blue 
shale,  passing  upward  into  sandy  shale  10  feet  more. 

Four  miles  west  of  Griggsville,  coal  is  found  on  Mr.  Dunham's 
place.  It  is  14  to  20  inches  thick,  overlaid  by  about  two  feet  of 
fossilif'erous  black  shale.  This  seam  of  coal  outcrops  on  S.  E.  J  sec. 
11,  same  township,  and  in  the  ravines  between  Griggsville  and 
Philadelphia,  via  Kew  Salem. 

A  hall'  mile  south  of  Griggsville  coal  has  also  been  worked,  the 
seam  being  18  to  21  inches  thick. 

On  Lazarus  Poss'  place,  a  mile  and  a  half  northwest  of  Perry 
Springs,  some  indications  of  coal  may  be  seen  in  the  bluffs  of  the 
middle  fork  of  McGce's  creek. 

QUATERNARY    SYSTEM. 

Abroad  belt  of  alluvial  bottom  lands,  6  to  12  miles  wide,  skirts 
the  whole  western  border  of  Pike  county.  The  deposit  consists  of 
alternations  of  clay,  sand  and  loam,  in  quite  regular  strata,  but  of 
variable  thickness.  The  soil  is  exceedingly  fei'tile,  and  where  they 
are  above  high  water,  they  constitute  the  most  productive  and  val- 
uable lauds  in  the  county.  A  large  proportion  of  this  land  was 
originally  prairie,  but  now  there  are  many  belts  of  heavy  timber 
skirtiny;  the  small  streams  intersect  in"'  these  bottoms. 

On  the  east  side  of  the  county  there  is  very  little  bottom  land 
from  the  south  line  of  the  county  to  the  north  line  of  Flint  town- 
ship, where  it  begins  to  widen,  and  thence  to  the  north  line  of  the 
county  the  Illinois  bottoms  are  2  to  5  miles  wide;  but  they  are  too 
low  and  wet  for  cultivation.  A  portion  of  them  are  heavily  tim- 
bered with  Cottonwood,  sycamore,  soft  maple,  elm,  ash,  hackberry, 
honey  locust,  linden,  black  walnut,  water  oak,  hickory,  etc. 

LOESS. 

The  river  bluffs  on  both  sides  of  the  county  are  cajiped  with  this 
formation,  which  ranges  from  10  to  60  feet  or  more.  It  alwa^^s 
overlies  the  Drift,  where  both  are  present,  and  lience  is  of  more 
recent  origin.  It  generally  consists  of  buff  or  brown  marly  clays 
or  sands,  usually  stratified,  and  often  so  coherent  as  to  remain  in 
vertical  walls   20  or  30  feet  hijjrh  when  cut  throuij;h.     From  75  to 


278  HISTORY    OK    PIKK   OOrXTV. 

SO  per  cent,  of  it  is  silica,  10  to  15  per  cent,  iihiniiiiii  and  iron  per- 
oxide, 3  to  4  i)er  cent.  lini«%  untl  1  to  2  p«'r  ceiit.  uia^iiesia.  In  tiio 
vicinity  of  ('harnl)ersl)nr<;  the  I^oesi*  is  00  to  70  feet  tliick.  Ever}*- 
wliero  it  fnrnislies  a  lijjlit,  porous  sub-soil,  which  is  adnurably 
a(hij)ted  to  the  growth  of  fruit  trees,  vines  and  small  fruits.  In 
some  i)Iaces  it  contains  a  variety  of  fos.^il  shells  which  present  the 
usual  bleached  and  water- worn  apprarance  of  the  dead  shells  of  our 
ponds  and  bayous.  It  also  atf(U*<ls  a  variety  of  chalky  lumps  and 
masses  which  assum<»  many  imitative  forms,  as  of  potatoes  ami  the 
disks  cjdle<l  *' clay-slones  "  in  Nt'W  Eii;;land.  It  also  <;ivcs  origin 
to  the  bald  knobs  so  fntpiently  mrt  with  along  the  river  blutVs,  and 
is  often  rounded  into  natural  moumls  which  have  been  very  gener- 
ally usotl  by  the  Indians  as  burial  places.  The  bones  of  extinct 
animals  are  ofti-rj  ftiuiid  in  the  marly  beds  of  this  formation,  along 
with  land  and  frebh-watcr  shells. 

vniVT. 

This  deposit  c»)nsists  of  variously  colond  clays  C(»ntainini;  gravfl 
and  boulders.  It  underlies  the  Loess,  ami  hence  is  not  visible  along 
the  bluffs.  In  the  interior  of  the  c«)unty  it  is  often  ]>cnetratcd  by 
well-di^jiers.  It  thins  out  toward  the  Itlulfs.  At  tlio  base  of  the 
Drift  near  I'.arry  there  is  a  l>eil  of  clean,  yell(»w  flint  gravel,  ]»ar- 
tiallv  cemented  bv  iron  o.xidu  into  a  ferruginous  C'>iiL'I'»iiierate. 

i  iONOMICAL    OKOI.OOT. 

Tike  county  has  an  abundance  of  building  stone.  The  Niagara 
liniestone  near  Pleasant  llill  furnishes  a  butf  magnesian  rock,  in 
very  regular  beds,  tully  e<[ual  in  «juality  to  that  of  (Irafton  and 
Joliet,  Part  <»f  the  stone  in  tlie  public-school  Imilding  at  Pittstiehl 
was  brought  from  Joliet,  while  stone  ju.st  as  good  and  l>eautiful  was 
outcrojiping  within  ten  miles  of  that  town.  "A  want  of  the  knowl- 
edge of  this  fact,''  says  Mr.  Worthen,  "has  probubly  cost  the  citi- 
zens i»f  Pike  county  far  more  than  their  prop«»rtion  of  the  entire 
cost  of  tlie  geological  survey  (»f  Illinois." 

The  Purlington  limestone,  which  outcrops  over  a  wide  area  in 
this  county,  will  t'urni.-h  an  uidimited  supply  of  excellent  bmhling 
stone.  It  is  probably  not  less  than  150  feet  thick.  The  nutretlinty 
portions  are  the  Ijest  material  ft»r  macadamizing  roads.  Near 
Montezuma  is  a  10-foot  bed  of  excellent  dimension  stone.  Sijuilar 
beds  are  exposed  on  I>ig  IJlue  creek  four  miles  southeast  of  Pitts- 
Held,  where  they  are  40  feet  thick,  containing  tnasses  two  to  four 
feet  in  thickness.  On  the  west  side  of  the  countv  it  forms  an 
almost  continuous  outcrop,  10  to  40  feet  thick,  along  the  river 
bluti's;  and  on  the  east  side  of  the  county  it  also  forms  a  continuous 
outcrop  in  the  blutls  from  Griggsville  Lan<ling  south. 

The  lower  portion  <»f  the  Keokuk  limestone  is  fully  as  u?eful  as 
the  preceding.  Excellent  qiuirrics  are  worked  two  miles  north  ot 
Griggsville  on  the  south  forlv  of  McGee's  creek.    The  stone  is  com- 


.m- 


ertiJU/y  ei\l^'^ 


lO 


DEPRY     TP 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK   COUNTY.  281 

posed  almost  entirely  of  the  joints  and  plates  of  crinoids,  cemented 
together  by  a  calcareous  paste. 

The  St.  Louis  group,  althougii  limited  in  extent,  furnishes  some 
good  building  stone,  mostly  found  in  Perry  township  and  vicinity, 
as  already  described. 

The  coal  dej)Osits  in  this  county  are  all,  except  at  Huntley's 
place,  too  thin  fur  profitable  working.  Where  surface  "  6trij)ping," 
however,  can  be  done,  it  j>aYS  to  mine  the  thinner  deposits.  Hunt- 
ley's is  })robably  a  local  deposit,  a  "  pocket,"  which  will  soon  be 
exhausted. 

No  mineral  ore,  except  a  little  iron,  has  been  found  in  Pike 
county. 

The  Burlington  and  Keokuk  grouj^s  furnish  the  best  of  material 
for  quick-lime.  The  St.  Louis  group,  which  is  generally  preferred, 
is  very  limited. 

Good  hydraulic  limestone  for  cement  can  be  obtained  from  the 
Kinderhook  group. 

F'ire  clay,  which  usually  underlies  the  coal,  can  be  mined  witli 
the  coal  to  advantage.  The  brown  clays  of  the  Drift  and  the  Loess 
fui-nish  superior  material  for  brick. 

For  marble  the  bed  of  oolitic  conglomerate  of  the  Kinderhook 
group  at  Hockport  furnishes  a  stone  capable  of  a  line  polish  and 
makes  a  beautiful  variegated  marble  ;  but  the  bed,  so  far  as  ex- 
amined, is  rather  thin  for  profitable  working.  Some  of  the  sub- 
crystalline  beds  of  the  Purlington  limestone  also  receive  a  high 
])olish  and  make  a  fine  ornamental  stone. 

The  Perry  mineral  springs,  three  in  number,  issue  from  the  up- 
per ])art  of  the  Keokuk  limestone  which  underlies  the  valley  and 
outcrops  along  the  bluffs.  The  princi])al  ingredients  of  the  water 
liere  are  the  bi-carbonates  of  lime  and  magnesia,  the  silicate  of 
potash  and  soda  and  the  carbonate  of  potash.  For  further  account 
of  these  springs  see  history  of  Perry  township  in  this  volume. 

There  are  a  few  small  caves  in  Pike  count)',  two  near  Barry,  into 
one  of  which  one  can  enter  a  distance  of  550  feet  and  the  other  400 
feet.  In  early  day  panthers  were  known  to  inhabit  these  caves.  In 
Pearl  townshij),  on  land  owned  by  Judge  Atkinson,  the  railroad 
employees  of  the  Chicago  &  Alton  comjjany  were  blasting  rock  in 
1871  or  1ST2,  when  they  discovered  a  small  cave  in  which  were 
found  lime  carbonate  drippings  in  the  form  of  stalagmites  and  sta- 
lactites. Many  of  these  are  of  imitative  forms  and  can  be  imag- 
ined to  be  petrified  human  beings  or  animals.  An  exaggerated 
account  of  this  cave  was  ])ublished  in  the  Pittsfield  ])a])ers  at  the 
time,  which  led  many  people  to  believe  something  wonderful  was 
found  at  the  place. 

18 


CIIAITKK  VI. 
Z()()L()(i^  . 

<ilAI»Ki:PKI>8. 

or  the  (^[>eiMeis  <it  nuiivc  Htiimuls  that  once  roamt'd  tho  flowery 
prairies  imd  wild  t'ureots  «)t'  I'ike  »"ouiitv,  hut  few  of  the  em:iller 
reiiuiiii,  mid  none  of  the  lar^T.  Of  the  latter  we  cannot  even  find 
a  spOvtiinen  prei^erved  in  taxitierujy.  The  hiitl'iht  which  «xrazed 
U|Kin  tlu»  verdujit  pr.iiries  has  been  driven  westward.  With  or  he- 
tore  it  w«'iit  thf  Ik'uvct.  elk,  h:»d>;er,  pH!itlu*r,  hiack  wolf  and  hiack 
hear.  S mie  atlilnal^  that  were  quite  ninnerouei  have  hecoine  very 
rare,  i^tich  a»  the  ^ray  fox,  the  catamount,  otter,  lynx,  and  the  Iwau- 
tiful  Viri^inVu  deer. 

There  still  remain  many  of  the  different  ppocie.-?,  mostly  inhahjt- 
in;;  the  country  adjacent  to  the  Illinois  and  .Sli-si-hippi  rivers  and 
a  few  of  the  other  I  irger  8treaui8.  These  are,  however,  fast  disaj»- 
pearin«;,  and  ere  Ion;;  will  l>e  known  only  in  hi.story,  as  are  the 
deer,  the  heaver,  and  the  hison.  Amon<;  th(»se  still  to  he  found 
iiero  are  the  i^ray  wolf,  which  is  numerous  in  §ome  parts,  the  opos- 
sum, raccoon,  mink,  mu>ikrat,  the  common  weasel,  tlie  small  hrown 
weasel,  skunk,  woodclinck,  or  Maryland  martnot,  prairie  mole,  com- 
mon shrew  mole,  meadow  and  <leer  nuMise,  an<l  the  ^ray  ralthit 
Of  squirrels  there  are  the  ^ray  timher  squirrel,  the  fox,  chip- 
munk, the  lar;;e  gray  prairie  K(juirrel,  the  striped  and  the  spotted 
prairie  scjuirrel,  and  the  huiutiful  flying  squirrel.  The  dark-brown 
and  the  reddish  l»at  ar«'  common.  Other  small  anim  ils  have  been 
found  here  which  have  strayed  from  otiier  lowilities. 

KIKDS. 

(^f  the  5,00)  existing  species  of  birds  many  have  sojourned  in 
this  countv,  some  temporarilv  and  others  for  a  considerable  time. 
Many  migratory  species  come  otdy  at  long  intervals,  and  therefore 
but  little  is  known  of  them. 

There  is  not  a  more  fascinating  study  than  that  afforded  by  our 
feathered  friends.  Their  0*cc  movements  through  seemingly  bound- 
less space,  the  joyous  songs  of  many,  atid  the  characteristic  ttmes  of 
all.  tlieir  brilliant  color.-,  their  livelv  nianiior>.  and  tlioir  wonderful 


IIISTOKY    UF    nKK    COIN'JV.  283 

instincts,  liave  tVom  earliest  aoes  made  a  strung  impression  on  tlie 
minds  of  men,  and  in  tiie  infancy  of  intellect  gave  rise  to  many 
peouiiar  and  mysterious  associations.  Hence  the  flight  of  birds 
was  made  the  foundation  of  a  })ecnliar  art  of  divination.  Ileligion 
borrowed  many  symbols  from  them,  and  poetry  many  of  its  orna- 
ments. Birds  avail  themselves  ot  their  powers  of  wing  to  seek  sit- 
uations ada])ted  for  them  in  res])ect  to  temperature  and  supply  of 
f.»od.  The  arrival  of  summer  birds  is  always  a  welcome  sign  of 
advancing  sjiring,  and  is  associated  with  all  that  is  cheerful  and 
delightful.  Some  birds  come  almost  at  the  same  date  annually; 
others  are  more  influenced  by  the  character  of  the  season,  as  mild 
or  severe. 

Pike  county  is  highly  favored,  compared  with  any  county  north 
of  it,  as  the  Virginia  red-bird  and  cedar-bird  remain  here  during 
the  winter,  and  the  indigo-bird  is  here  in  its  season.  Parroquets 
also  used  to  abound  in  this  region. 

The" following  list  is  as  nearly  correct  as  can  be  compiled  from 
the  available  information  upon  the  subject: 

PcrcJierfi. — This  order  of  birds  is  by  far  the  most  numerous,  and 
includes  nearly  all  those  which  are  attractive  either  in  plumage  or 
in  song.  The  ruby-throated  humming-bird,  with  its  exquisite 
plumage  and  almost  ethereal  existence,  is  at  the  head  of  the  list. 
This  is  the  hummino:-bird  which  is  alwavs  the  delight  of  the  chil- 
dren,  and  is  the  only  one  found  in  Illinois.  The  chimney  swallow, 
easily  known  from  other  swallows  by  its  very  long  wings  and  forked 
tail,  and  which  is  a  true  swift,  is  quite  numerous.  Of  the  whip- 
poorwill  family  there  are  two  representatives. — the  whippoorwill 
prt)pcr,  whose  note  enlivens  the  forest  at  night,  and  the  night-hawk. 
The  Ijelted  kingfisher,  so  well  known  to  the  school-boy,  is  the  only 
member  of  its  family  in  this  region.  At  the  head  of  the  fly- 
catchers is  the  king-bird,  the  crested  fly-catcher  and  the  wood 
pewee. 

Sub-order  of -S'iVjy^A? — Thrush  f<(mih/. — Of  this  family  are  the 
robin,  the  wood  thrush,  AVilson's  thrush,  the  blue-bird,  the  ruby- 
crowned  and  the  golden-crested  wren,  tit-lark,  the  black  and  the 
white  creeper,  blue  yellow-backed  warbler,  yellow-breasted  chat, 
worm-eatingr  warbler,  blue-winrred  vellow- warbler.  Tennessee  war- 
bier,  and  golden-crowned  thrush.  Shrike  family. — This  family  is 
represented  by  the  great  northern  shrike,  red-eyed  fly-catcher, 
white-eyed  fly-catcher,  the  blue-headed  and  the  yellow-throated  fly- 
catci'.er.  Swallow  fain ihj. — This  family  of  birds  are  very  numerous 
in  Pike  county.  Among  them  are  the  l)arn  swallow,  white-bellied 
swallow,  bank  swallow,  clifl"  swallow,  and  purple  martin.  Wax- 
wing  fainily. — The  cedar-bird  is  the  representative  of  the  wax-wing 
in  America.  Mocking -lArd  famih/. — The  genera  of  this  family 
are  the  cat-bird,  brown  thrusli.thc  house  and  winter  wren.  F'inch 
and  Sparrow  family. — The  snow  bunting  and  Smith's  bunting  / 
ap]>ear  only  in  winter.  The  purple  finch,  the  yellow-bird  and  the 
lark  finch   inhabit  this  county.      Of  the  passerine  genus  of  this^ 


2S4  HISTORY    OF    riKE   COl'NTY. 

fuiiiily  iire  the  Siivaiinali  sparrow,  the  fieM  and  the  chipping  S]>ar- 
ruw.  the  hhu'k  siiow-hird.  the  tire  8|>arro\v.  the  8011;^  spurrow,  the 
8vvaiiip  and  the  lux  coloretl  sparrow,  the  Maek-thro  iied  hiijitiii;^,  the 
rose -breasted  ;;ros-heak  and  the  jjroiind  rohiii.  1  itmonxe  fomily 
i«  represented  hy  tl»e  chickadee  and  the  tnf'ted  titmouse.  Ciiuper 
f«imtli/.  —  Thrrv  are  two  specimens  (»f  this  family, —  the  white -hellied 
niil-hatcii  untl  the  Am»'rican  creeper.  tS/ti/fa/k  f<iinUy  — 'J'his 
iiiclodi«>iii«  family  is  represented  liere  hy  only  the  common  skylark 
•  d'tlie  prairie,  BUick-h'inl  fatnlly. — The  ruhty  hlack-hird,  the  crow 
hiai'k-liird,  the  cow-hird,  the  red-win«;e<l  hiack-hird,  the  meadow 
lau'k,  the  orchard  and  tin*  JJaltim<»re  orioles  <»f  this  family,  an-  the 
most  heanliftil  and  hrilliant  of  l>irds  that  iidiahit  this  re^^ion. 
Crowftintily. — The  blue-jay  und  the  common  crow  comprise  the 
specit's  of  this  tamily. 

Birdttof  Pi'ty. — Thi- order  of  birds  comprises  all  those,  with 
few  exceptions,  which  pursue  and  capture  birds  and  other  animals 
for  ft>od.  They  are  mostly  of  lurjje  size,  the  females  are  laru^er  than 
tho  mide»,  they  live  in  pairs,  and  choose  their  mates  for  liti*.  Most 
raptorial  birds  have  disajtpearcd.  Amon^  them  are  the  jjoldcn 
eui^le,  which  wais  always  rare  but  now  no  Ion<^*r  seen  here;  the  bald 
ca;^K',  or  )»roperly  the  white-headed  ca;jle,  once  qtiite  common,  now 
sciircc.  Some  well-preserved  specimens  of  this  ^'eiius  are  in  the 
County.  T'is  iMtrU.  enjoys  the  honor  of  standing  as  (»ur  national 
<3ml)lem.  li  uiamin  Frauklin  lumente*!  the  8el<.'cti<»n  of  this  bird 
as  enibleinaticnl  of  the  Uiiioii,  for  its  j^reat  cowardice.  It  has  the 
ability  of  ascendin>;  in  circular  sweeps  without  ui:y  ajtparent  mo- 
tioi»  i»f  the  win<;s  or  the  tail,  ami  it  often  rises  in  this  njanner  tmtil 
it  disappears  from  view;  when  at  an  immense  hei<;ht.  and  as  if  ob- 
servinir  an  object  on  the  ;fr«»und,  it  sometimes  closes  its  win^s  and 
jflides  t«»wnrd  the  earth  with  such  vel«»city  that  the  eye  can  scarcely 
ftdlow  it,  C4insin<r  h  Joud  rustlini;  sound  liki*  a  violent  ;;nst  of  wind 
among  the  branches  of  the  forest.  The  JI<iirk  ftiiully\\\\f,  ei;^ht  *»r 
nine  species,  some  but  seldom  seen,  others  c«immoti.  The  turkey- 
buzzard  has  almost,  if  not  rjtiite,  disappeared.  Of  the  owl  genera 
are  several  species,  though  all  are  but  seldom  scfii  because  of  their 
nocturnal  habits.  Among  them  are  the  barn  owl,  the  screech  owl, 
the  long  and  the  short  eared  owl,  the  barre<l  owl,  and  the  snowy 
(»wl,  the  latter  being  the  rarest. 

Climbers. — liut  tew  of  this  order  remain  in  the  county,  the  most 
common  of  wliich  are  the  wood|K>ckers.  Of  the  various  kinds  are 
the  golden-winged,  the  pileated,  tlie  hairy,  the  downy,  the  yellow- 
bellied,  re<l-l>ellied  and  the  red-headed.  At  an  early  day  the  Car- 
olina parrot,  generally  cidled  the  "  parrokeet,"  was  often  seen,  but 
he  has  now  entirely  deserted  this  section.  The  yellow  and  black- 
billed  cuckoos  are  occasionally  seen. 

Scrntchers. — This  order  contains  but  few  genera  in  this  county. 
The  wild  turkey,  the  choicest  of  game,  has  almost  entirely  disap- 
]>eared,  and  was  the  only  one  of  its  family  that  ever  sojourned  here. 
I  1  an  early  day  they  were  in   abundance.     Groiise  family. — The 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  2"-^5 

chiefest  among  this  fUiuily  is  the  prairie  chicken,  which,  if  not 
carefully  ])rotected,  must  ere  long  follow  the  wild  turkey,  never  to 
return.  The  ruliied  grouse,  wrongfully  called  "  pheasant,"  has  of 
late  made  its  ajipeai'ance.  It  is  quite  fond  of  cultivated  fields,  and, 
if  properly  protected  and  encouraged  until  it  becomes  fairly  settled, 
will  make  a  line  addition  to  the  game,  and  till  the  place  of  the 
prairie  chicken.  Partridge  family. — The  fate  of  that  excellent  bird, 
the  quail,  is  only  a  question  of  a  short  time.  'The  Dove  familij. — 
The  wild  ])igeons  continue  to  make  their  semi-annual  visits,  but 
not  in  such  vast  numbers  as  vears  aofo.  Acres  of  forest  were  so 
often  iilled  at  niijht  with  these  birds  that  the  l)reaking  of  bouirhs 
and  the  flying  <if  pigeons  made  a  noise  that  could  be  heard  for 
miles,  and  the  shot  of  a  sportsman's  gun  could  not  i)e  heard  at  a 
distance  often  feet.  Highly  interesting  is  the  description  by  Audu- 
bon of  the  enormous  flights  which  he  observed  on  the  Ohio  in  the 
fall  of  1S13;  the}-  obscured  tlic  daylight  and  lasted  three  days  with- 
out interruption.  According  to  a  very  moderate  estimate  of  his, 
each  flight  coutained  the  stupendous  number  of  one  billion,  one 
hundred  and  flfteen  thousand  million,  one  hundred  and  thirty-six 
thousand  ]>igeons.  These  flights  caused  a  general  comnn^tion 
among  the  entire  rural  population.  Desirous  of  booty  and  anxious 
lest  their  cro])S  should  be  spoiled,  the  farmers,  arming  themselves 
with  rifles,  clubs,  poles,  torches  and  iron  pots  fllled  with  suljjhur, 
proceed  to  the  resting  places  of  the  birds.  The  work  of  slaughtei- 
being  accomplished  everybody  sat  down  among  mountains  of  dead 
pigeons,  plucking  and  salting  the  birds  which  they  selected,  aban- 
doning the  rest  to  the  foxes,  wolves,  raccoons,  opossums  and  hogs, 
wliole  herds  of  which  were  driven  to  the  battle-field.  The  ])laintive 
notes  of  the  Carolina  dove,  commonly  known  as  the  turtle-dove, 
are  still  heard. 

Swimmers. — This  order  of  birds,  wiiich  formerly  frequented  this 
county  in  large  numbers,  have  almost  disappeared.  They  are  mi- 
gratory, and  in  their  usual  season  would  appear  coming  from  the 
north  or  south,  as  winter  passes  into  summer  or  summer  into  winter. 
Diver  fam'd[j. — The  great  northern  diver,  or  loon,  sometimes  visits 
this  section,  but  inhabits  the  frigid  zone.  Gull  family. — Of  this 
family  are  Wilson's  tern  and  silvery  gull.  Pelican  family. — The 
rough-billed  pelican  was  the  only  genus  of  this  family  that  ever 
stopped  in  Pike  count}',  and  it  has  now  altogether  ceased  to  make 
its  visits  here.  Cormorant  family. — The  double-crested  cormo- 
rant, or  sea  raven,  has  been  seen  here.  Duck  family. — This  family 
of  migratoi'y  birds  visited  the  ponds  and  streams  of  this  county  in 
large  numbers  before  it  became  so  thickly  settled,  both  on  their 
northern  and  southern  passage,  but  now  mostly  conflne  themselves 
to  the  Illinois  and  Mississip])i,  where  large  numbers  are  found. 
This  family  furnishes  most  game  for  sportsmen  and  for  the  table. 
There  are  the  wood-duck,  the  big  black-headed  duck,  the  ring- 
necked  duck,  the  red-head,  the  canvas-back,  the  dipper,  the  shell- 
drake  or  goosander,  the  tish-duck,  the  red-breasted,  and  the  hooded 


286  lUSTOKV    i,v    I'lKK    (oDNTV. 

nieri^anser,  the  inalliird  and  tlie  pintail,  the  <;reen- winded  and  the 
bhiL'-win^od  tt-al.  the  sjMM»iihill  and  the  {^adwall,  tlie  h:ild|)ate,  the 
American  swan,  the  trunjjieter  swan  and   the  white-tVonted  ^uoee. 

Wiidcrf<.  —  Probably  less  is  known  of  this  i>rder  of  birds  than  of 
auy  other,  because  of  tlieir  shyness  and  solitary  habits.  They  fre- 
(juenti'd  the  marshes,  but  cultivation  has  drained  their  favorite 
liaunts.  Craut  J'ainihj. — The  wh(><»|»in^  crane,  always  rare,  is  now 
never  seen.  The  sand-hill  cranes  stop  on  their  journeys  north  and 
south.  Ill  ronfamili/. — The  ^reat  blue  heron  or  crane,  least  bittern, 
the  ;;reen  heron,  niijht  heron  and  the  Ainfiican  bittern,  compose 
those  of  this  family  visitin<r  this  re<;it)n.  Ihix  fatmlt/. — The  "j^lossy 
ibis  has  bt^en  seen  here.  J'luvirj'amify.  —  TUv  «;oIdcn  ph»ver.  the 
killdecr  and  the  kin;;  plover  comprise  this  family  known  liere. 
Phdia rope yamily. — Tlie  Wilson's  and  the  retl  phalari»pe  have  fre- 
(juented  the  swamps  of  this  county.  SnijH'  J'liinilij.  —  N'arious  birds 
of  this  family  have  been  common  in  and  around  the  ^wamps  of  this 
county.  Amon^  them  were  Wilson's  snipe,  grey  or  re<l-breasted 
snipe,  the  leaot  and  the  semi-palmated  san<lpi]>er,  the  willet,  the 
tell-tale,  the  yclluw-lc^j,  the  solitary  hanilpij>er,  the  spotted  sand- 
j)iper,  the  field  plover,  lon;;-billed  curfew,  rhi-  comm<in  rail,  the 
clapper  rail  or  mud  hen,  an<i  the  coot. 

I!>ptilet<.  —  All  of  the  speciesof  this  class  that  ever  iidiabited  this 
re^jioij  are  .-till  to  be  foun<l  here  except  the  p<»i.-onous  snakes.  The 
rattk>nake,  gfthe  ;;enus  Oolalus,  is  t)f  a  yellowish-brown  color, 
and  has  a  seriis  of  httrny  joints  at  the  end  of  the  tail,  which  make 
a  rattling;  sound.  Tla>e  were  the  most  venomous  of  all  snakes 
found  here,  and  were  numenuis  in  the  early  settlement.  There  are 
two  kinds,  the  bandy,  or  striped,  and  the  ]»rairie  rattlesnake,  the 
latter  being  still  occasionally  found.  The  copperhead  was  always 
rare.  Among  the  harmless  snakes  are  the  water-snake,  the  garter- 
snake,  the  bull-snake,  the  milk  snake,  the  black-snake,  and  the  blue 
racer. 

Many  reptiles  found  iiere  are  erroneously  called  lizards,  but  are 
salamanders  and  other  like  innocent  creatures.  Lizards  are  never 
fouiul  in  tliiscountv.  Amon^f  the  tortoises  or  turtles  are  found  the 
niaj)  turtle,  the  sna]>ping  and  the  st»ft-shellod  turtle.  Of  the  batra- 
chian,  or  naketi  reptiles,  there  are  a  few,  and,  though  loathsome  to 
sigiit  ami  touch,  are  harmless.  Ti»e  toad,  the  bull-frog,  the  leop- 
ard-fiog,  the  tree-toad,  with  some  tailc<l  batrachia,  comprise  the 
most  of  this  onler.  The  Illinois  river  bull-frog  is  as  large  as  a 
man's  head,  often  much  larger,  and  his  deep  bellowing  can  be  heard 
for  a  mile  or  more. 

KISUES. 

Although  fishes  are  the  lowest  class  of  vcrtebiates,  their  varied 
forms  and  colors,  which  often  rival  those  of  precious  stones  and 
liurnished  gold,  the  wonderful  power  and  velocity  of  some,  the 
wholesome  food  furnithod  by  many,  and  the  exciting  sport  of  their 
t -ipture,  combine  to  render  fishes  subjects  of  great  interest  to  the 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTl.  287 

casual  observer,  as  well  as  to  tlie  amateur  and  professional  natural- 
ist. The  nuniljer  of  known  s])ecies  of  fishes  is  about  ten  tlujusand. 
The  waters  of  this  county  are  quite  prolific  of  the  finny  tribe.  The 
coninierce  in  fish  has  become  cjuite  extensive  alouii;  tlie  Illinois  and 
Mississippi.  Slckle-hackcd  family. — This  family  furnishes  the 
orame  fish,  and  are  never  cauij^iit  larijer  than  four  pounds  in  weight. 
The  varous  orenera  found  here  are  tlie  black  bass,  lioggle-eye,  the 
cr(_»ppy,  ur  big  black  sun-fish,  and  the  two  common  sun-fish.  Pike 
family. — There  are  but  two  species  of  this  family, — the  pickerel, 
weighing  from  five  to  twenty-five  pounds,  and  the  gar  ])ike.  Sucker 
family. — Ot'  this  tribe  are  the  butlalo,  red-horse,  white-sucker,  two 
species  of  black-suckers,  mullet  ranick.  Fish  of  this  family  are 
found  in  all  the  streams  of  the  county.  They  abound  wlierever 
there  is  water.  Cat-fish  family. — Of  this  voracious  family  the 
channel  cat-fish,  the  mud  cat-fish  and  two  species  of  the  small  cat- 
fish inhabit  the  waters  of  this  countv,  and  are  caui^ht  ranijinu:  in 
weight  from  one  to  thirty  pounds. 

The  shovel-fish  is  yet  abundant,  and  its  flesh,  as  well  as  its  gen- 
eral appearance,  resembles  that  of  the  cat-fish. 

Besides  these  varieties  there  are  the  chuV),  silver-sides,  and  fresh- 
water herring,  and  large  numbers  of  other  species  denominated 
minnows,  which  are  found  in  the  smallest  spring  branches,  as  well 
as  the  laro^er  streams. 


I'lIAPTKl:    VII. 
I'.oTAXV. 

Persons  coinini^  t«}  the  We^t  for  the  Hr»t  time  in  their  lives  are 
deeply  iiiipressetl  with  the  lii^h  ami  rollinj^  churueter  of  our 
pniirie:^,  wliich  they  ha<l  hi-tore  iilwjiys  iimi«;iiie<l  low  imtl  k'Vfl; 
iiiitl  this  t'cuture  ot'  the  pniirir,  combined  in  early  days  with  its 
beautiful,  dreamy  covering  «»f  ll<jwerin{^  plants  and  i^rasKy  venlure 
in  spring  and  summer,  inspired  one  to  sing: 

A  billowy  ocean  wuh  ^rcvn  rurjM't  Kpn-ud, 
Which  M>eins  iiliuiMtt  too  lu-iit  lor  muii  to  irvatl! 
With  glittcriiiK  stars  of  nii)arylll>>  while. 
With  vioh-tA  liliii*  iiiul  roM-H  nil  iitid  hrieht, 

W  .  ^  , 

^    AtiU  ioiic  hut  (hftTtiil  iiiriuiow  larks  to  - 
ThJH  KraB>.y  «.•»  apncarcil  in  "-■■i;"!"  '  ^pri;.^ 
In  siiiniuer  rainc  tlic  Hlntely  plant. 

Ah  if  ■  '     •■  '  t 

Thill  ^v»»n» 

t)'fr»|<rfini  tin-  vulrx   ill    J 

Thus  natun-,  chul  in  vi-»t        _  ;      ^-^     »'. 

Brought  uutunin  In  and  closed  Uiv  lioral  M-ene. 

Also  the  beautiful,  clean-cut  hills  of  our  forests  present  a  tiicte- 
ful  view  scarcely  ever  witnessed  in  the  East.  IJtit  at  the  present 
day  both  our  prairie  and  our  timlR-r  are  tinder  either  cultivation 
or  pasttira<;e,  ami  bltie  i^rass.  white  clover  ai.d  a  large  number  of 
introduci'd  weeds  from  the  Ea>t  have  taken  llii'  jdace  of  the  origi- 
nal tiora.  Indu^trially  this  ctiltivijtion  is  a  gain,  but  poetically  it 
is  a  loss.  Only  in  the  most  retired  situations  can  many  interest- 
ing plants  be  fotind  which  tise<l  to  Ikj  abutxlant.  Several  species 
of  j)rairie  clover,  false  wild  imligt),  rosin-weed,  mountain  mint, 
loosestrife,  etc.,  have  almost  di6aj»j>eared  with  the  <»riginal  prairie, 
while  a  few  of  the  modest  strawl)errv,  star-tjruss  and  bhie-eved 
grans  remain  with  us  as  sweet  reminiscences  of  the  past. 

Nearly  all  the  j)lants  growing  Pj)')rjtancously  in  ctiltivatcd  f»r 
waste  grounds  are  "  introduced ;"  that  is,  thfy  have  been'br(Mi;,dit 
here  by  white  settlers, — unintentionally,  »»f  course,  with  reference 
to  most  of  the  weeds.  In  the  timl)ere<l  sections  no  particular 
weed  is  on  the  increase  in  the  present  decade,  but  in  the  prairie 
section,  the  garden  parsnip,  common  thistle,  rich  weed  (in  artiticial 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  289 

groves),  toad  flax,  wiid  lettuce,  and  oxybaplius  (a  four-o'clock  plant) 
are  increasing  rapidly;  and  along  the  railroads  several  sand  plants 
are  making  good  headway,  as  s^and-bur,  polanisia,  ox-ej'e  daisy,  etc. 

Before  settlement  by  tiie  whites  the  prairie  was  mostly  covered 
by  two  or  three  kinds  of  grass.  Several  other  kinds  grew  in 
patches  here  and  there,  notably  the  Indian  grass  and  blue  joint» 
which  grew  very  tall.  In  wet  places  grew  "slough"  grass  and 
many  sedges,  and  along  the  channeled  sloughs  abounded  several 
species  of  golden-rod,  aster  and  wild  sunflower,  which  in  the  lat- 
ter part  of  summer  and  in  autumn  formed  waving  yellow  stripes 
across  the  ])rairie,  and  were  peculiarly  charming.  They  seemed 
to  have  a  sedative  etlect  upon  the  feelings. 

About  2,300  species  of  plants  are  found  within  the  United 
States,  1,600  of  which  can  be  found  in  Illinois,  and  about  950  in 
Pike  county.  We  now  give  a  list  of  all  the  common  plants  grow- 
ing s])ontaneously  in  Pike  county,  and  some  of  the  most  interest- 
ing rare  ones,  excepting  mosses,  mushrooms,  etc.;  and  we  name 
all  the  trees  and  shrubs,  rare  as  well  as  common.  We  give  the 
English  names,  following  Gray's  Manual,  fifth  edition,  mainly,  in 
respect  to  names,  and  altogether  with  respect  to  the  order  in  which 
the  families  rani^^e.  Pv  the  wav,  we  make  a  few  corrections  of 
popular  errors  as  to  riames.  Some  names,  even  in  the  books,  are 
applied  to  two  or  more  different  plants,  as  sycamore,  button  sn^dvc- 
root,  black  snakeroot,  goose-grass,  hair-grass,  loosestrife,  etc.  AIsd, 
every  plant  has  several  names, — communities  differing  widely  in 
this  regard.  We  endeavor  to  select  the  most  common  name  as  we 
can  judge  from  Gray's  Botan}'. 

Crowfoots. — Common  virgin's  bower,  a  vine,  and  Pitcher's  vir- 
gin's bower,  a  half  vine,  are  occasionally  found  :  the  leather-flower, 
a  cultivated  vine  bearing  large,  blue  flowers,  is  of  the  same  genus. 
The  Pennsylvanian,  Virginian  and  wood  anemones  occur  here  and 
there.  Liver-!eaf  ("liver-wort")  is  common  on  forest  hillsides. 
Rue  anemone,  and  the  early,  the  purplish  and  the  tall  meadow-rues 
are  common  in  the  woods.  The  true  buttercu|)S  of  the  East  are 
not  found  here,  but  the  most  common  flower  corresponding  to  them 
is  the  creeping  crowfoot.  The  small-flowered,  the  hooked,  the 
bristly  and  the  early  crowfoots  also  occur.  Isopyrum  grows  in 
moist,  shady  places.  Marsh  marigold  is  common  in  eai-ly  spring, 
growing  in  mud  supplied  with  fresh  water  :  in  the  East  they  are 
called  "  cowslips  "and  sonietimes  used  for  greens.  Water  plantain 
spearwort,  growing  in  mud,  and  yellow  water  crowfoot,  growing  in 
water  and  with  the  submersed  leaves  finely  divided,  are  seen  occa- 
sionally. ^Vild  columbine,  so  easilj'  recognized  by  its  resemblance 
to  the  cultivated  species,  abounds  in  the  margins  of  the  woods ;  so 
also  two  species  of  wild  larkspur.  Yellow  ]»uccoon  is  very  scarce. 
White  baneberry  is  occasionally  seen  in  the  deep  woods. 

Custard-Apple  I<\iinili/. — The  papaw  is  common  ali»iig  the  Illi- 
nois river.  It  fruits  better  in  Calhoun  county  than  Pike,  being 
of  a  more  modern  growth  here.     This  is  a  frai;ile  bush,  with  larije: 


"29l)  HIStTOBV    or    PIKE    Cy>CXTY. 


«  veed  e%'crTwtiei>r :  lU  M.'<eU-pod  i^  tr  v  hat  i; 


»nd  c         .of  our  e  ■ 
■     j>rr  /■  a,  a  tctid  j-  ',   is  o.-m 

ii:-:.  "n    ?saf.  'IteDding  nii-n^j  Uic  ritiiroads  wherv 


i«   abundant,   Uic  other    kind:^ 
more  rmre,  arruw-Ieaved,    larkspur,  bird. foot. 

d«'  -CAM  !•  '   -. 

;.     ^  *.     .  /  -»  wetu  j.. —    .  '     -.. - .  >oiI,  And  pin- 

veed  on  drr  g 


r 


St.  JoAn'$itor(4.   -Two  or  throe  ran?  -e  found  in  t 

ooontr. 

«aod«  _  ed  art 

here  mud  there.     Common  chickweed  and  three  species  of  mouse- 
ear  chickweed  and  U.-  .  bet  are  more  comi  Carpet    weed 


1 


leave*,  be.trin^  Iru^t    ;  '  of  short,  th: 

."— "--      •  "       To  "  lean  I 

.tr  H|»Hrt. 

M'  an    m*.H>n8eed    is   abundant   in  the        ^ 

woods.     It  ;i,  l\*i  •  the  i;  .with 

a  bea'f  ■•'■■'.  1  .iv  r      ,    v  ,  ..  .    .  .  .      .  i 

is  sot:  -   •   .'      1.      ;  _ 

to 

i>-^frry   }-\tmkiy. — Mayappie   is    abundant    and    blue  cohosh 

T'  .    '..'.!      r  xrK'r.    water  lt!v    ii    tbtindant  in 
lar_  and   t.  v  water,  or 

fr  .  JT.  sta^ant  water,  is  scarce^  as  is  also 

th.  t. 

"  ^T.--?  -.^>  :<  the  onlr  repre- 
se:  -.ry. 

/t  1  l)iitchroan's  breeches  is  the 

r  ot  lilt*  (juuily  tu  uur  wi»»l-      l>>-t>ding  heart  is  of  the 

FtmiJ*;.     Marsh  creM  is  cotntn  •!!  .  lake  cress,  grow - 
ing  in  water.  i»  :  and  honie  ranliiih  flourishes  beyond 

iU  t?arly-tloweringj>lant,  i* 
c      .:      ;.  '■       -ing  cress  are  T-. 

:•  '  ■  .i-i    aro    ;t.«. >    '    • 

ifd   is  tlie  xu 
tnat  grows  on  caitirated  and  waste  gmunds.     Tansy  mustard   is 
rare.      BlacV 
«*ated    ""' 


HI5TOBT   OF   PIKE   OOCXTT.  2dl 

is  common  on  the  aand ;  it  grows  in  the  form  of  a  boDcfaj  iamp- 
Tnat. 

Furdane  Family. — Akin  to  the  beaurifal  portnlaea  is  omr  luii- 
rersal  purslane,  often  called  ~  parsley/'  Spring  beaatj  b^ongs  to 
this  £unilv.  It  is  one  of  our  earliest  spring  floTers,  and  mar  be 
distinguished  }  ~  ''■  -.lant's  having  but  two  leaves,  lon^  and  nar- 
row and  some-.^^ :  „.:hr.     The  flower  is  a  light  r(»e  oolor.  wiih 

deeper  veins. 

MalVyte^  Fara'dy. — Common,  or  low  mallows  aiid  velvet-leaf,  or 
Indian  mallows  are  verv  abundant.     The  latter  is  a  ti  - 

weed  about  our  fields,  with  seed-vessels  resembling-  .  ..  j-^-  ..-. 
Sida  and  bladder  ketmia,  or  flower  of  an  hour,  are  common.  To 
tliis  onier  beloncr  the  boUjhoek  and  okra.  in  cultivation. 

L'lTid-zTi  F  "  . — Bass-^xd.  known  as  lin among  Southern  j^c--^ 
ple.  is  t}je  o:..  •  /  '-    '  *:.:5  far:"  ~  growing  '  -- 

Ger-iulum  F    -    _ —       -icran-:-  is  ©<>n- ;:  early  spring, 

having  a  s-jlitarr,  rose-eolored  flower  on   the  summit.     Carolina 

crane's-bill  is  rather  rare.    Spotted  and  pale  touch-me-nots  are  e>:»m- 

'-     -  .        ing  in  dense  patches.     The    rjtal- 

- -     :  -  .-  .-..„e  genus.     Yellow  wood-s<>rrei  is 

everywhere,  ere  the  violet  wood-sorrel  prevails  to 

some  extent-     This  is  err  rly  called  ~  sheep-sorreL^     Sheep,  'i^ 

reM  K»rrel  grows  on  sandy  ...r  z:  .        -  i,  has  lance-shapfi and 

V -iaLed  leaves.       ^-^'v"   — ^-t  -  -.i:e  pie-plant  or   ^-"  "^- 

<j.«ck.  while  wo      -       -    :-Iay  s-i'il.  has  three       '    "^ 

like  clover,  showy  flowers.  £  Ti»A.     Thie  two  aorreis  bc- 

loD;?  to  diflierent  orders,  but  have  a  s;  Tiste. 

Rni  FiTTiilq. — Th-?  =  ■  ■  ::  shrub  in  our 

W'X.^i  but  ffrowin^  sc-: ^  :_=  ri  ..  e,  are  the  only 

members  of  this  family  in  Pike  county.       -   .  s  of  the  same 

order,  or  family. 

CiiJuic  Family. — In  America  inis  would  seem  to  :'e  ritLer  the 
sumac  family.  The  sm<»ih  sair.i:- '-  • :  ■  • :  :n  evervwLere.  fr^^zranr 
sumac  abundant  in  sandy  irround.  -   a  ivy  is  cc-mnioi.  aion^ 

fences — some  places  al  undanL  T:.e  .a::er  is  a  coarse,  wo«:«dy  vise 
with  innumerable  rootlets,  and  has  three  leaflets  to  each  leaf,  with 
these  leaf     -  ;•--•—;  -^  — -_  .jividei.     When  the  plant  is  young 

it  can  be      -      _.:._. _   x-eider  by  the  latter  having  a  white 

*•  bloc»m  *'  on  the  stem;  and  at  all  times  it  can  be  distinguished 
from  Virginia  creeper  \  American  ivy.  an  innocent  plant  >  by  the 
l:-.t:er  h^v':  y  f  t^  leaflets  to  each  leaf,  and  the  whole  leaf  in  shape 
ii-cr  :„a:  .:  :.ucx:cye. 

n.t  Family,  that  is,  the  grape-vine  &mily. — Virginia  creeper, 
just  described,  is  as  abundant  as  any  weed.     The  winto-,  or  frost 
grape  is  c»jmraon,  bot  the  s  .    ipe,  a  delicious  fruit,  is  very 

HSiroe,  if  indeed  it  can  be  fou..^^  ^:  a..  "     *■  "-   -----      T:u=€d:..  i.«e 

abundant,  but  the  vines  hare   been    .  :       less    ffrar>e 


i^i.    rrers. 


t' 


Hu'sltJiTn  F'j'TtUy. — The  noted  red- root,  or  Xew  Jersev  tea,  a 


•Jl>2  HlSToKV    <>K    I'lKK    rdU.NTV. 

shrub  ill  the  margin  of  prairies  jiiul  to  smne  e.\tt»nt  in  all  otiier  t>it- 
\i!ititiiig,  is  tilt'  only  roprosi'iitjitive  of  this  fjiinily  litTo,  iiml  it  is  he- 
rnmiii";;  nircr  hy  the  cMcroiichiiU'tits  of  (••.iitivntioii  :ui<l  jiii.sfiir.iL'''. 
Tiie  leaves  make  very  ^o(k1  tea. 

Stt/jf'-tret'  F'linily. — The  climl>in<^  bittersweet  ami  waaiio')  arc 
all  tlu-re  are  »»f  this  I'amily  in  (»ur  limits.  The  former  is  a  stuooth. 
Woody  vine,  common  in  the  wooils,  climbing  by  simply  twining, 
and  bearin<j  «»ran<^e  colored  berries  in  clusters,  often  calle<l  wax- 
work and  usctl  in  «»rnanicntation.  This  vine  is  often  called  simply 
bittersweet,  l»iit  the  true  medical  bitterswci-t  is  a  very  ilillVreiit 
plant,  scarcely  a  vine  at  all,  ami  not  ^rowini^  wild  iti  this  county, 
i'lic  waahoo,  or  burnini^bnsh,  is  a  real  bubh  of  about  the  si/.e  and 
proj>ortions  of  »i  plum-tree;  its  twiijs  have  four  white  linos,  and  its 
crimson  fruit  in  autumn  after  the  leaves  have  fallen  are  verv  8h(»w\ . 
The  flowers  are  dark  purple. 

^Soaphtn'ij  Onhr  includes  the  Maple,  Itladdernutand  Soapberry 
(propir)  families.  Of  the  maples  the  niostcoininon  are  the  eupiranu 
tne  white.  The  latter  is  one  of  the  ii«»ft  maples,  the  red  niaj»Ie  «»f  «)lher 
sections  of  the  I'nited  States  beinij  the  tither.  The  red  does  not 
;;row  in  this  countv.  H«>x-elder  is  sometimes  calletl  ash-leaved 
maple,  anil  l>elonp«  to  this  family.  Tho  American  bladdernut  is  a 
tree  like  shrub  about  |0  feet  hijfh,  produein;;  lar^e  three-hd»ed,  in- 
Hated  see^l  )>ods.  The  Ohio  buck-eye  is  common  in  the  river  hot- 
lon)s. 

M  ilkworts. — Scnoca  Biiakeru«>t  and  two  other  species  of  milkwort 
are  found  in  this  region. 

Ptthf  I'tituihj. — This  larpe  family  is  characterized  Ity  havinj^ 
wtnls  in  pods  likebeans  and  |K»as,  whi<di  are  menjl»ers  of  the  tamily. 
The  first  in  the  list,  acconling  t(»  the  b«K»ks,  are  the  clovers, —  re»l 
aiul  white.  Twooiher  species  of  this  jjenus  occur,  in<lecd,buiare  too 
rare  to  etiumeratehere.  Then  the  white  sweet  clover,  more  recxjiitly 
esc.'ipi'd  fnun  cidtivatioii;  the?»  two  hpeeies  of  prairie  clover,  almost 
extinct,  (ioat's  rue,  false  iiulip>  (Amondui)  and  lead  jdaiit  abound 
on  dry,  sandy  loam  in  river  Imttoms.  The  common  locust  was  in- 
troduce«l  here,  but  thi.>«  is  too  far  north  for  it  to  Ikj  hardy  enough  to 
withstand  our  wimU  and  the  borer.  A  honey-locust  occurs  here 
and  there.  One  milk  vetch  is  fre«|uent.  Six  species  of  tick  trefoil 
aUxind.  Thesi' are  thos*>  plants  in  the  woi>ds  bearing  "  pods"  of 
triangular,  flat  burs.  Two  s|H»cies  of  bush  clover  are  found  here. 
One  vetch  (^tare)  and  one  marsh  vetchling,  gnmn<l-nut,  kidnev  bean, 
false  indigo  (Haptisia)  and  wild  senna  are  found  here  and  there. 
Ilog  ])canut,  called  wild  pea  or  beatj  by  some,  aboun<ls  everywhere 
in  the  woods.  Ii«d-bud  is  an  ugly  little  tree  except  in  the  spring 
before  the  leaves  ai>j>(ar,  when  the  wh<de  top  is  of  a  beautiful 
purj>lishred  from  the  blossoms.  Partridge  pea  is  abundant  "in 
spots,*'  grows  like  a  weed  in  low  places,  20  inches  tt»  2  feet  high, 
has  leaves  like  a  locust,  and  bears  a  very  large  yellow  flower. 
The  sensitive  plant  may  be  found  within  the  bounds  of  this  county^ 


uisrt)i;v   (»K  riKE  cou^'Tv.  293 

but  if  so,  it  is  very  scarce.     Kentucky  coftee-tree  is  rare.      It  is 
fatnoiis  tor  its  beautiful  coiiijiound  lea\'es  and  i^'loss}'  beans. 

Jiose  Fiimly. — Most  of  our  fruits  come  iVoni  this  family,  as  the 
apple,  peach,  plum, cherry,  strawben-y,  etc.  The  wild  plum  (yellow 
or  red)  is  becomino:  very  scarce.  The  wild  Ijlack  cherry  is  abun- 
dant; the  ch(jke-cherry  is  a  shrub  found  occasionally.  JSIine-bark, 
common  meadow-sweet  and  oroat's-beard  are  s])ecies  of  sjjira'a  fre- 
quently found.  Ai;ri:7iony  is  a  coarse  lierb  occasionally  found, 
havini^  leaves  resem  hi  in <^  those  of  the  strawberry  and  bearinor  a  kind 
of  drooping  bur;  plant  al)out  two  feet  hij^h.  One  species  of  avens 
is  very  common ;  three  other  s])ecies  are  found.  Common  cinque- 
foil,  or  livc-tinger,  resembles  the  strawberry  verj'  closely,  and  aljounds 
in  dry  soil.  Norwcij^ian  cincjuefoil  has  similar  leaves,  but  the  ])lant 
is  coarse  and  grows  three  feet  high;  not  common.  Another  species 
is  also  found.  (3ne  species  of  wild  strawberry  abounds  in  retired 
v-iituations;  it  was  common  over  the  original  ]>rairie.  The  blackherry 
and  the  raspberry  prevail  here  as  elsewhere,  but  their  sylvan  terri- 
tory is  narrowed  to  close  limits  by  the  encroachments  of  man.  Of 
the  roses  ])roper  the  dwarf  wild  rose  is  the  most  common,  but  its 
territory  is  also  very  lin)ited  now-a-days.  The  early  wild  rose  occurs. 
Three  sj)ecies  of  red  haw  (hawthorn)  occur,  and  two  varieties  of  one 
species.  Tiie  black,  or  pear,  thorn  is  the  luost  common,  with  two 
varieties,  then  the  scai-let-fruited  tiiorn,  and  lastly  the  cockspur 
thoi'n.     The  craba]')ple  is  well  known. 

Stxif rages. — Two  or  three  S])ecies  of  gooseberry  are  common; 
swamp  saxifrage  and  a  species  of  alum-root  are  sometimes  met 
with. 

Orpine  FaTn'dij. — Ditcli  stonecrop  is  common  during  wet  seasons. 

Evening  Primrose  Family. — Common  evening  pi-imrose,  en- 
ciianter's  nightshade,  and  one  species  of  willow-herb,  are  common; 
seed-box,  water-purslane,  sun-drops  and  two  other  species  of  false 
loosestrife  occur  occasionally. 

Loosestrife  Family. — One  species  not  infrequent. 

Gourd  Family. — Tiie  wild  balsam-apjile  is  a  vigorous,  herba- 
ceous vine,  bearing  bui'-like  fruit,  about  cultivated  grounds,  and 
the  one-seeded  star  cucumber  flourishes  in  the  shaded  river  bottoms. 

Parsley  F.unily. — Thi^;  family  is  cliaracterized  by  having  their 
seed-bearing  tops  like  those  of  ])arsnips.  Most  of  the  poisonous 
plants  growing  in  this  country  belong  to  this  family.  Two  species 
of  black  snakeroot  prevail  in  this  county.  Parsnij^  itself  is 
becoming  a  common  weed  in  open  but  protected  places;  and  there 
may  be  found  here  and  there  the  cow  parsnip,  cowbane,  meadow 
pHrsnip,  spotted  cowbane,  rattlesnake  master,  two  species  of  water 
parsnip,  honewort,  chervil,  two  species  of  sweet  cicely,  poison  hem- 
lock. Of  the  whole  family  the  most  poisonous  are  tlie  spotted 
cowbane  and  poison  hemlock. 

Ginseng  Family. — Ginseng,  on  account  of  its  popular  medical 
qualities,  has   been   pretty  well  thinned   out.     The  true  wild  sar- 


294  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   OOUNTV. 

ti;ipiirillH  (^ii  plant  of  tlie  appearance  of  a   larj;e  ^insenj;)   is   sorae- 
tinics  found,  ami  spik'irinl  is  common  in  the  forest  ravines. 

J)t><jtr,>oi/«.  -The  nio-^t  common  (l"«;wood  is  the  whitr-herried,  or 
panicled  cornel;  next  the  roiigh-leaved,  the  alternate-leaved,  the 
flowcriiiir,  the  silky,  an«l  lastly  the  red-osier. 

Iloiuijuuckle  Fiiinlh/.'  Common  elder  is  becomini;  too  abun- 
dant. Yellow  honeysuckle  is  common.  Horse  ijentiati,  or  I'ever- 
wi>rt,  is  a  foreet  weetl  bearing  5  to  10  yellow  berries  in  a  circle 
around  the  stem  at  everv  place  where  the  two  i»pposite  leaves  are 
:iltache<l.  The  true  black  haw  is  scjirce,  but  slieepberry,  which  is 
generally  called  black  haw,  i^  common. 

A/titi(/cr  J'\ii)iily.  Two  species  of  the  snmll  bed-otraw  are 
abundant,  and  the  sweet-scented  is  common,  while  occasionally 
nuiy  l>e  found  cleavers,  or  jfoose-jjrass.  Wild  liijuorici'  <tccurs 
rarely.  These  herbs  are  all  of  a  thi.\-like  appearance,  having  sev- 
eral iH'autit'ul  little  leaves  in  a  whorl  at  each  joint.  l>utton  bush 
is  common  in  wet  ^'round. 

Comjyositeti. — This  onler  is  by  far  tin*  lar;;eht  of  all.  Its  fl<iwers 
arc  compound,  that  is,  there  are  several,  s«»metimes  many,  small 
th»wers  crowded  close  together  in  a  hea^l,  as  sunflower,  lettuce, 
dandelion,  aster,  chrysanthemuin.  May-weed,  etc.  Their  time  of 
flowering  is  penerally  late  in  the  season. 

Iron-weed  is  common  on  flat  gn»und:  its  summit  in  August  is 
a  l»eautifiil  ri»yal  purple.  Fi»ur  species  of  button  snakeroot  (one 
chilled  also  blazing  star)  are  abundant  on  protected  origimil  prairie, 
and  occur  nowhere  else.  Five  sjKJcies  of  thoroughwort  grow  here, 
that  I'alled  b«»neset  being  abunilant.  The  species  ciilled  trumpet,  or 
Joe-Pve  wcc'il,is  a  tall,  intercbting  weed,  with  3  to  0  leaves  in  each 
whorl,  that  is,  at  each  joint.  Kuhnia  is  not  rare;  it  resembles 
Injneset.  Mist-fl4>wer  grows  in  our  limits.  Of  the  asters  tliere  are 
about  30  species  growing  within  this  county,  alK>ut  half  of  them 
very  com  num.  The  flowers  have  a  starry  appearajice:  hence  the 
name.  The  most  remarkable  of  them  is  the  New  Kngland  aster, 
a  large  purple  fl«)wer  along  the  rojulsides  in  Sej»tenjber.  Five 
specie**  «»f  tteabane,  similar  to  the  a.sters  in  ap]>carance,  are  com- 
m«»n.  namely,  horse  weed,  which  is  abundant  on  waste  and  cnlti- 
vate«l  grounds.  Kubin's  plantain,  commcm  fleabane.  and  two  daisy 
fleabanes,  one  of  them  called  also  sweet  scabious.  About  18 
species  of  golden -rod  can  be  found  in  this  county,  only  half  of  them 
common,  however.  The  most  abundant  is  the  iS»Iidago  Canaden- 
sis. Fr(»m  these  much  honey  is  made  by  bees  in  Scjttember.  Four 
species  of  rosin-wee»l  used  to  prevail  on  the  original  prairie,  but 
tiieir  territory  is  very  limite<l  at  the  present  day.  The  most  noted 
of  them  has  divided  leaves,  and  is  also  called  compass  plant,  or 
j)olar  plant,  the  leaves  having  (mce  been  thought  to  j)oint  north 
and  south.  Thdy  do  indeed  stand  with  their  faces  somewhat  paral- 
lel, but  they  are  just  as  apt  to  have  their  edges  toward  other  points 
of  the  compass.  One  species  of  rosin-weed  has  undivided  leaves, 
large  and  rough,  and  is  called  prairie  dock.     This  and  the  compass 


Illf-TOKV    OK    I'lKE    'JOL'NTV.  1^95^ 

plant  flourish  on  flat  prairie  soil  whicii  is  not  pastured.  The  species 
called  cup-plant  i^rows  along  the  banks  of  channeled  sloughs.  The 
leaves  join  together  at  the  base  so  as  to  form  a  cup.  It  is  a  very 
large  weed.  Partheniuin,  a  similar  plant,  is  not  rare,  liagweed 
is  the  most  common  weed  we  have  along  the  roadsides:  called  also 
hogwced,  Roman  wormwood,  etc.  Great  ragweed  is  the  largest 
weed  that  grows  in  this  country.  Common  along  fences.  (Jockle- 
bur  is  on  the  increase.  We  have  a  State  law  •'  providing  "  for  their 
destruction.  Ox-eye,  Lepachys  and  six  species  of  cone-flower  are 
almost  common.  Six  species  of  wild  sunflower  flourish  along  fences- 
in  unfro(]Ucnted  situations.  They  are  tall  weeds,  but  not  trouble- 
some. One  kind  has  tuberous  roots  and  is  really  an  artichoke. 
Three  species  of  tickseed  occur  in  this  county.  The  true  Spanish 
needle  does  not  grow  here,  but  three  species  of  its  genus  abound 
here,  especially  during  wet  seasons,  namely,  common  and  swamp 
beggar-ticks  and  the  larger  bur-marigold.  The  smaller  bur-marigold 
is  found  in  shallow  running  water.  Fetid  marigold  is  abundant  in 
dry  situations  along  tiie  wagon  roads.  When  struck,  even  lightly, 
ityields  a  rank  aromatic  odor:  called  also  false  dog-fennel.  Sneeze- 
weed,  which  looks  somewhat  like  a  S})anish  needle,  is  abundant 
during  wet  seasons  and  exceedingly  scarce  at  other  times.  May- 
weed, or  dog-fennel,  everv  one  is  familiar  with.  So  with  varrow. 
The  ox-eye  daisy,  or  white-weed,  a  vexatious  weed  in  the  East,  is 
just  beginning  to  creep  in  along  the  railroads.  Biennial  worm- 
wood is  a  common  but  harmless  weed  in  waste  places.  Common 
and  ])lantain-leaved  everlasting  are  common.  Fire-weed  abundant. 
Golden  rag- wort  here  and  there  in  the  spring.  The  famous  Canada 
thistle  is  seldom  seen:  the  common  thistle  abounds  more  and  more. 
Two  other  species  are  common,  growing  very  tall.  ])urdock  is  a 
Composite.  Dandelion  belongs  in  this  connection.  Wild  lettuce 
and  talse  or  blue  lettuce  are  common  milky  weeds,  growing  very 
tall.  Two  species  of  sow-thistle,  comparatively  harmless,  are  mod- 
estly on  the  increase. 

Lohelias. — The  celebrated  medical  lobelia,  or  Indian  tobacco, 
flourishes  along  our  garden  fences.  The  great  lobelia,  or  blue  car- 
dinal flower,  is  abundant  in  moist  ground.  The  cardinal  flower  is 
the  most  showy,  dazzling-red  flower  we  have  growing  wild:  found 
in  wet  ground  and  on  tiie  banks  of  sloughs.  A  small  and  slender 
species  of  lobelia  is  common  in  protected  situations. 

Campanula,  or  Belljlower  JP'amily. — The  tall  bellflower  is  com- 
mon. Venus's  looking-glass  is  found  here  and  there.  "Blue- 
bells" do  not  belong  here:  thev  are  the  smooth  lungwort,  belonirins' 
to  tlie  Borage  family. 

Ebony  Family. — Persimmoji,  or  date  plum;  rather  scarce,  but 
more  abundant  farther  south. 

Plantain  Family.  —  The  common  ])lantain  of  our  door-yarde. 
Four  other  species  of  this  family  may  occur  in  this  county,  but 
they  are  exceedingly  rare. 


2i>r»  HISruKY    OF    riKK   COUNTY. 

Primrose  J^amily.  —  Two  species  of  loosest  rile  (liVsimacliia) 
occur. 

FiijiDint  Fam'dy. — Mullein,  tojul-flax  ('' butter-aiul-egge  "),  tig- 
wort,  iK^ard-tonguo,  two  species  ot"  Gerardia,  two  species  of  louse- 
w<»rt  and  eowwlieiit,  are  comtnon,  while  monkey-flower,  hedge 
hys-iip,  falsi'  pirnin'iiiel,  jMirr^laiie  and  corn  speedwell  are  sonietimes 
«>een.  T<»ad  ll;ix  has  per»i&tent  r<t(»is  like  witch-gra^s  and  threatens 
to  heeoine  a  jiest.     Tlie  srjap  drag.»n  <»f  our  gardens  is  a  rtg-wort. 

Vi:rra\n».  -Verheiuis  belong  to  this  order.  The  most  abundant 
jilant  beldUging  t.i  this  family,  and  growing  wild,  is  the  Imary  ver- 
vain; next  are  tin-  braetrd  ( prttstnite).  the  white,  or  nettle-leaved, 
and  the  blue.  They  all  prefer  dry,  waste  grourjds,  and  are  much 
inelined  to  hybriiHze.  Fog-fruit  ig  abnntlant  in  sandy  gmund 
along  the  river*. 

Mint  f'ltnihj. — Coinin«»n  are  wood  sage-,  or  Ameriean  ger- 
mantler,  wild  mint,  btigle-weed,  Americjin  j)ennyroyal,  and  hedge 
nettle,  two  sj>eeies.  Motherwort,  catnip,  iieal-all,  and  wild  mint 
are  abundant.  Here  and  there  are  water  horehound,  mountain 
mint,  hortie-mint,  blephilia  (twt»  n|>eeies),  giant  hvhSop  (two  hj»e- 
eieii).  false  dragon-head,  or  lionV-heart,  mad-<log  ukulleap  and  one 
other  species  of  skullcap.  (ir«>und  ivy,  or  gill-over-the-grtiund,  is 
abundant  about  dwellingH.  What  is  generally  called  "horse-mint" 
in  the  West  is  "  wild  brr:;amot"  accrording  to  the  book^,  while  wild 
mint  is  ofjen  taken  for  peppi-rmint.  True  pe))permint,  spearmint, 
and  horehound  are  scarce  within  our  limit;*.  South  of  the  Illinois 
river  horehound  t^ikes  the  place  of  catnip  along  the  fences  and  road- 
sides. Salvia,  sage  and  Mexican  sage  are  cultivated  plants  belong- 
ing to  this  order. 

lioragf  Family. — Hairy  and  h»»ary  pucc<x)n,  smooth  lungwort, 
stick-seed,  beggar's  lice  and  common  hotuurstongue  arc  cotnmon; 
all  other  species  rare.  Comfrey  i)elongs  to  this  family.  Smooth 
lungwort  is  often  called  ''  blue-bellh."  It  iscomm m  in  early  spring 
about  door-yartls  and  ah*ng  fences  near  dwellings.  (ominon 
hound's-tonguc  flourishes  along  the  roads;  flowers  a  dull  |)urple, 
appearing  in  early  summer.  IJeggar'slice  is  a  species  of  houtidje- 
tongue. 

Wuter  haf  Family. — Ellisia  ap|>c>ars  iti  cool,  shady  places,  and 
resembles  snndl  tomatoes  in  leaf  an«l  fruit. 

PnhmoniumA^  or  Phloxes — Greek  valerian,  paniculate,  hairy 
utid  divaricate  j)hlox  are  frequent.  The  true  wild  sweet-William  is 
\erv  rare. 

Convolvulus,  or  M<>rningglory  Family. — The  most  common 
plant  of  this  order  growing  spontaneously  l)eyond  the  bounds  of 
cultivation  is  hedge  bisidweed.or  Kutland  lK.'auty.  Eight  s]»eciesof 
dodderC*  love-vine'')  may  be  found,  all  rare  excejit  one.  It  aj»pears 
like  orange  colored  thread  growing  on  the  tops  of  weeds. 

Nightshade  Family. — To  this  family  belong  Irish  p<jtatoes,  to- 
matoes, egg-plant,  bitter-sweet,  tobacco  and  Jerusalem  cherry.  The 
most  common  weeds  of  this  familv  are  jim^ijn-weed,  horse-nettle 


; 


:iLIhM^^^. 


PITTSFIELO  T' 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  299 

("bull  nettles"),  common  or  black  nightshade  and  two  species  of 
gronnd-cheri'}'.  The  white-flowered  jimson-weed  (Datura  Stramo- 
nium) is  called  common  stramonium  or  thornapple  by  Dr.  Gray, 
while  the  purple-flowered  he  calls  purple  tiiorna])ple. 

Gentians. — One  beautiful  species  of  American  centaury,  Ameri- 
can Coiumbo  and  several  species  of  gentian  are  found  within  our 
limits,  but  all  of  them  are  scarce.  "Horse  gentian  "  belongs  to  the 
Honeysuckle  family. 

Dogbanes. — Spreading  dogbane  in  the  borders  of  thickets  and 
Indian  hemp  (Amsonia)  on  the  river  banka  are  common. 

Milkweeds. — Common  milkweed,  or  silkvvecd,  is  common;  has 
large,  boat-shaped  pods  of  glistening  cotton.  Swamp  milkweed  is 
also  common.  Butterfly  weed,  or  pleurisy-root,  whoi-led  milkweed 
and  two  species  of  green  milkweed  occur  not  rarely. 

Olive  Family. —  It  would  seem  more  natural  to  us  Westerners 
to  call  this  the  Ash  family,  as  we  liave  no  members  of  this  order 
about  us  except  the  five  species  of  ash, — white,  black,  blue,  red  and 
green,  the  white  being  the  most  common.  Some  of  these  kinds  are 
difficult  for  the  beginner  to  distinguish. 

Birthworts. — Wild  ginger  is  common  in  deep,  wooded  ravines. 
The  leaf  is  kidney-shaped,  plant  but  tew  inches  high,  and  the  root 
tastes  like  ginger. 

Four-o\-l()ck  Family. — Oxybaphus  is  rapidly  increasing  along 
the  railroads,  and  in  low,  sandy  places. 

Poheioeeds. — The  common  poke  with  its  purple-juiced  clusters 
of  berries  is  well  known. 

Goosefoots. — Lamb's-quarters,  or  pigweed,  a  common  weed  in 
our  gardens,  is  the  type  of  this  order.  Beet  and  spinach  belong 
liere.  Next  in  abundance  to  lamb's-quarters  are  oak-leaved  goose- 
foot,  mai)le-leaved  goosefoot,  Jerusalem  oak  and  Mexican  tea. 
Wormseed  is  a  fetid  plant  belonging  to  the  genus  goosefoot. 
Orache  is  becoming  abundant  in  the  towns  and  cities. 

Amnrnntli^. — The  cultivated  coxcomb,  globe  amaranth  and 
prince's  feather  (red,  chaffy  spikes)  illustrate  the  characters  of  this 
family.  Pigweed  is  one  of  the  most  common  weeds  in  cultivated 
ground.  The  pigweed  of  the  last  paragraph  siiould  be  called  goose- 
foot  only,  or  laml)'s-quarters.  AVhite  ])igweed,  generally  known  in 
the  We.->t  as  "tumble-weed,"  is  abundant  in  someflelds.  Amaran- 
tns  blitoides  has  recently  become  very  abundant  in  our  towns.  At 
a  little  distance  it  resembles  common  purslane.  Acnida  and  Froe- 
licliia  are  common  in  sandy  soil  near  the  rivers. 

Buckwheat  Family  or  Knotweeds. — Goose-grass  is  the  most 
nbifpiitous  member  of  this  order,  forming  a  car])et  in  every  door- 
yard.  A  taller  variety  with  wider  leaves  also  abounds  under  the 
shade  trees  about  the  ])remises.  Two  species  of  smart-weed,  mild 
water-pe])per,  water  Persicaria  and  two  other  species  of  knotwecd 
are  all  common.  Out  of  14  sj)ecies  of  what  a])pears  to  be  smart- 
weed,  only  two  are  biting  to  the  taste.  Arrow-leaved  tear-thumb, 
black  bindweed  and  climbinfj   false   buckwheat  are  common  vines. 

19 


800  HISIXUCY    <>K    I'lKK    rOtNTY. 

Pie-plant,  "yellow  dock"  Jitid  sheep-sorrel  represent  another  di- 
visiidi  of  the  kiiotwccd  family.  The  most  coiiuiion  nu'inhtT  of  this 
divibion  in  I'ike  coiuitv  is  curled,  or  "vellow"  dock;  then  folli>w 
sheep-sorrel  (ulxiinMiinw  in  (Jimdy  soil),  pale,  water,  swamp  and 
bitter  docks, 

L/inrcl  Familij.  S:i>>;ilra.>  is  connnon  aiming  the  Mull's  and  bot- 
toms of  the  rivers.     Spice   buhh  is  alsi»  found  in  I'ike  cuunty. 

S'luiltilwooil  J^'tiiiti/y.  —  Bastard  toad-liax  rather  sairce. 

ISptir'jes. — Spotte«l  spiirj^c,  an  lierh  ^rowin«;  in«»re  prostrate  tlnin 
all  others,  on  cultivHti'*!  ground;  milky;  no  visible  thtwers.  Three 
other  species  of  spurge  are  ahnoft  common.  Three-seeded  Mer- 
cury, known  in  former  years  to  inhahit  only  the  dark  fore.nt.  has 
followed  io  our  city  residences  where  it  can  tii»d  a  similar  situation. 
Croton  is  common  near  the  rivers;  an  insigniticant  little  herb. 

Nettle  ^>n/t'r.-()f  the  Klin  family  are  the  white  and  the  >li|ipery 
elm  and  the  luK-kU-rry,  -the  tir^t  mentioned  aljundant,  the  other 
two  Rcarco.  Of  tlio  Bread-friiit  and  Fig  family  is  the  red  mul- 
berry, which  is  scarce.  Uf  the  Nettle  family  prt»per  are  the  true 
nettle  (rare),  wo«m|  riettle  (enmm»»n\  richwrrd.  jiellitory,  hemp  and 
hop.  Uichweed,  or  clear»vee«l,  like  the  Mercury  «tf  the  lat«t  para- 
graph, has  followed  man  to  his  artificial  groveu  and  is  very  ahun- 
(lant  on  flat  ground  under  heavy  shade-tree8,  in  some  places.  It  is 
rennirkable  that  b^^tani^ts  have  placed  in  this  order  the  Osage 
orange  trett.  of  our  hedges,  the  brea<l-fruit  tree  of  the  far-olf  I'acitic 
isles,  the  tig  and  the  hanyan,  antl  the  |M>ison  upas  of  the  Eji^t 
Indies. 

Pitiue-  Tree  t'ltndy. — "  SycjimoVe,''  or  button-w«KMl,or  American 
plane.     The  true  sycamore  (»f  Ktirope  is  a  difl'erent  tree. 

W'lilnxd  K'liHily.  —  lilack  ar  d  white  walnut  (butternut)  are  well 
known.  Three  species  of  shell-bark  and  two  of  sino<ith-bark,  be- 
sides (>ecan  in  the  river  Utttoms,  are  common  in  this  country.  The 
list  comprise-*  the  shag-bark,  the  we^tern  shell-bark,  the  mocker- 
nut  or  white-heart,  the  pi<;-nut  or  bri»om,  bitter-nut  or  swamp 
hickories,  and  the  }>ecan.  The  latter  used  to  l>e  abundant  in  the 
river  bt»ttoms,  but  the  larger  trees  having  In-'en  cut  out  for  both 
the  timber  and  the  fruit,  most  of  the  jjecan  gn»wth  n<»w  is  too 
young  to  priKluce  much  fruit. 

Oak  Family. — This  family  comprises  not  only  the  oaks  but  also 
the  chestnut,  lK?ech.  hazel-nut  and  iron-wood.  Some  of  the  oaks 
hvl»ridize  so  much  that  it  is  <iifficult  to  keep  track  of  the  species 
and  varieties.  White  oak,  of  course,  tJikes  the  load  here  as  else- 
where, but  the  blackjack  is  alnint  as  abundant.  The  latter  is 
usually  the  ".second  grt»wth,"  and  is  as  good  as  hickory  for  tire- 
wo<»d.  Bur-oak,  sairlet  oak  and  black  oak  (yellow-barked,  or 
quercitron)  arc  Common.  Laurel  or  shingle  oak,  yellow  chesfnut 
oak  and  red  oak  are  occusionall}'  met  with.  Laurel  oak  is  so  called 
on  account  of  the  shape  of  its  leaves,  and  is  also  called  shingle  oak, 
on  account  of  its  iKjing  so  good  in  pioneer  times  for  clapi>oards. 
Two  species  of  iron-wood  flourish  here.     They  belong  to  different 


*  IIISTUKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  301 

fjeiiera,  one  liavin<r  seeds  in  clusters  of  involucres  resemblini^  hops: 
hence  it  is  called  ho]>  hoi-nbeam.  The  other  iron-wood  or  horn- 
beam is  also  calletl  blue  or  water  l)eech. 

Birch  Family. — The  red,  or  river  birch  is  sometimes  found 
alone;  tlie  rivers  and  creeks. 

Willoivs. — The  most  common  willow,  as  well  as  the  largest,  is 
the  black;  then  the  ])rarie,  glaucous,  heart-leaved,  shining  and 
long-leaved.  The  black  and  the  shining  willows  have  tough  twigs 
which  are  very  brittle  at  the  base.  Several  other  species  of  willow 
occur,  but  are  rare.  The  quaking  asp,  or  American  aspen,  the 
cotton-wood,  balm-of-Gilead,  Loinbardy  ]>oplar  and  silver-leaf,  or 
white  ])oplar,  are  well  known. 

Arum  Family. — Indian  turnip  (Jack-in-the  pulpit)  abundant; 
skunk  cabl)agc  common  in  wet  places  sup])lied  by  spring-water; 
sweet  flat?  and  green  dragon  verv  rare. 

Duckweeds. — One  species  common  on  the  surface  of  ponds.  It 
does  not  take  root  in  the  earth. 

Oat-tails. — Common  cat-tail  (a  kind  of  flag)  and  a  species  of  bur 
reed  occur  in  wet  ]tlaces. 

Pondwecds. — Several  Sjiecies  grow  throughout  this  coutitry. 
They  grow  in  or  under  water. 

Water- Plcintain  Family. — Arrowhead  (two  species,  with  several 
variations)  is  abundant.  Has  large,  arrow-shaped  leaves  and  white 
flowers  in  threes,  and  grows  along  the  sloughs.  Water  plantain  is 
sometimes  found  :  grows  in  same  situation  as  last. 

Amaryllis  Family. — The  star-grass  is  common.  It  is  a  modest 
little  grass-like  plant,  ])utting  forth  its  conspicuous, yellow,  3-petal- 
ed  fl.iwers  in  June. 

Iris  Family. — The  larger  blue  flag  is  becoming  rare.  The  blue- 
eyed  grass  looks  like  the  star-grass  just  mentioned,  except  that  the 
flowers  ai-e  white  or  pale  blue. 

Yam  Family. — Wild  yam-root  is  a  green  vine  sometimes  seen 
in  the  woods. 

Smilax  Family. — Common  green-brier,  Smilax  hispida  and 
carrion  flower  are  all  not  very  rare. 

Lily  Family. — Purple  trillium,  or  three-leaved  nightshade,  is 
abundant:  flowers  in  May.  One  otlier  species  of  trillium  some- 
times occurs.  Bellwort  is  an  early  flower  in  the  woods. 
Smaller  Solomon's  seal  and  false  s))ikenard  are  common.  Wild 
orange-red  lily  is  common  in  the  margins  of  prairies  which  are  not 
pastured  and  have  never  been  broken.  White  dog's-tootli  violet 
and  great  Solomon's  seal  are  re])orted  hero.  It  is  another  early- 
flowering  plant  of  a  similar  appearance  to  the  last  and  in  similar 
situations.  Squill  (eastern  quamash,  or  wild  hyacinth)  is  said 
also  to  be  found  in  this  county.  Wild  garlic,  having  tups  like  our 
garden  top-onions,  and  wild  leek  are  common  in  low  places  not  pas- 
tured. 

Rvish  Family. — The  bog-rush  is  a  very  common,  yellowish, 
grass- like  herb  along  roads   and  paths,    especially  those    leading 


302  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTV. 

tlii-DU^li  tlie  forest  ;  but  it  is  aUo  fouiul  to  some  extent  in  ull  (jther 
situutinns. 

rickerel-weed  family. — Water  6tar-«;ras8,  growing  luultr  i  iiii- 
iiini;^  water  in  the  forest  brooks,  is  coiinnon. 

Spi'lerworts. — Coininoii  8|>i<ler\vort  is  common. 

Sedges.— '^\\vn*  are  three  or>four  dozen  species  i»f  sed^jc  i^ntwijiij 
within  the  limits  tit" any  one  county,  hut  they  are  all  uiiim|»tntant 
j)lants.  They  have  a  gra*s-like  aopearance,  hut  cjin  readily  he  dis- 
tini^uished  fr.»m  the  grasses  hv  tlieir  having  triangular  stems  and 
hur-iikc  to|)S(>ei'd  clustc'r^).  while  the  grasses  have  round  or  roiind*- 
ish  stems.  What  is  generally  wille<l  lake  grass  along  the  rivers  is 
a  true  sedge,  and  its  English  name  is  great  bulrush.  It  is  by  far 
the  largest  of  the  sedges.     The  river  club-rush  is  next  in  size. 

Oi'iiKKen.  -  \\\\\Q  grass  takes  the  lead  for  prevalence  an«l  utility. 
Next,  two  species  of  fox-lail.  liesides  these  the  juost  common 
grassrs  are  while  grass,  rice  cut  grass,  Indian  rice  or  water  oats, 
timothy,  rush  grass  (two  species),  bent  grass,  woo<l  reed -grass, 
drup>ti'd  (two  genera);  reed  l)ent-grass,  blue  joint  gnuss,  porcupine 
gras-,  freoh-water  (Mnl-grass,  Koeleria,  Katonia  (two  sj»ecie8\  melic 
grass,  fowl  meadow  gniss  luid  its  congener,  (Jlyceria  tluilans,  low 
siKjar-gmss,  reii  t«»p,  Kragroslis  (tliroo  species),  fescue  (two  species), 
cliebs,  Uromjis  ciliatus,  rood  (a  tall,  liroom-corn-like  grass  growing 
in  di'use  fiflds  in  the  swamps  of  the  river  bottom),  hordenm  pra- 
tense  la  kinj  <»f  wild  barley ),  two  species  of  ly me  grass  or  wild  rye, 
)M>ttle-brusli  grass,  re<'d  canary  grass,  I'aspalum,  wire  grass,  eight 
s|>ecies  of  panic-grass,  among  them  tw«>  kinds  of  tickle-grass  and 
one  oMwitch  grass,  crab-<;r«ss  ant)  barn-yard  gntss,  sand-brr  (in 
sand)  and  two  species  of  beard-gra">s,  AIkmU  tw<»  dozen  other 
kind-*  i»f  irrass  can  Ijo  found  in  the  c«>uiitv.  but  thev  are  all  very 
rare 

llor^  Sc«»uring  rush  an<l    common    horse-tail  (es|>ceially 

aloiii;  Til...    lis)  are  common  :  tw<»  other  species  scarce. 

Fenin.  —  Maiilen-hair,  brake,  a  sjileenwort,  a  shield  fern,  a  blad- 
-ler-fern  and  the  sensitive  fern  arecuminonin  the  order  here  name<l, 
while  t»ne  sjiecies  of  llowering  fern  aiid  two  «»r  tliree  other  ferns 
mav  be  found. 


I 


CHAPTER   VIII. 
ARCILEOLOGY. 

Perhaps  no  district  of  country  in  the  West  contains  more  traces 
of  that  pre-liistoric  people  known  to  us  only  as  the  '"  ]\[ound-I>nild- 
ers"  than  the  district  between  the  Illinois  and  the  ]\Iississipj)i  riv- 
ers. Tiiere  is  scarceh*  a  township  of  land  in  this  section  which 
does  not  contain  more  or  less  of  these  traces,  and  in  some  of  them 
are  works  which  in  extent  and  character  will  compare  with  anj  in 
the  West. 

Tlie  mounds  in  this  county  are  evidently  of  three  classes  :  sacred 
mounds,  which  were  used  fur  the  sacrificial  lires;  burial  mounds, 
which  were  erected  over  the  last  remains  of  important  pei'sonat^es; 
and  mounds  which  were  used  for  domestic  habitations.  These  were 
probably  residences  similar  to  those  of  some  tribes  of  our  present 
Indians.  First,  poles  or  logs  set  up  in  a  circle,  then  covered  with 
brush  or  iJ^rass,  and  the  whole  with  earth  to  a  considerable  extent. 
The  sacrificial  moun<ls  always  contained  burnt  earth,  burnt  bones, 
and  frequently,  too,  the  charred  bones  of  human  beings.  In  the 
burial  mounds  only  the  bones  of  a  few  persons  are  found,  ])robably 
of  some  chief  and  his  immediate  family,  and  usually  near  them  are 
uten>ils  of  tlie  kitchen,  arrows,  pottery,  and  such  articles  as  were 
most  prized  in  life  by  the  departed. 

In  some  localities  immense  shell-heaps  exist,  while  it  is  not  un- 
common to  iind  in  the  mounds  shells  from  the  sea,  notably  the 
conch-siiell  and  sea-periwinkles,  the  latter  very  ct)inmon.  Imple- 
ments of  both  hardened  copper  and  copper  in  a  soft  state  are  often 
found,  and  a  metal  resembling  iron  in  texture  and  color,  but  hard 
enough  to  cut  glass  and  which  resists  the  action  of  almost  all  the 
acids. 

Tiiat  these  mounds  were  not  erected  by  the  same  race  as  our 
present  Indians  is  at  once  apparent  from  the  bones  of  the  latter 
being  of  a  reddish  hue,  while  those  of  the  Mound-Builders  are  of 
a  different  shade  and  much  larger. 

It  is  our  opinion  that  the  Mound-Builders  were  a  pastoral  peo- 
])le,  who  had  made  considerable  progress  in  civilization.  In  the 
winter,  doubtless,  they  drove  their  flocks  and  herds  to  the  bluffs 
and  rich,   slieltered  l)ottonis  where  they  could   obtain  shelter,  and 


304 


IIISTOIJY    OK    I'IKK    COUNTY. 


in  the  summer  they  drove  them  to  the  jirairies  for  pjisturaf^e. 
I)oiil>tlesti,  like  the  ('hiiiese  of  to-day,  they  esteemed  their  native 
hills  sacred  and  sought  to  he  hurled  there,  no  matter  where  the 
iron  iiand  of  Death  overtook  them:  and  their  friends,  respecting 
this  desire,  were  in  the  hahit  of  hringing  the  bones  of  each  family 
or  tril)e  to  these  sacred  hurial  places,  after  they  had  heen  stripj)ed 
ot   their  th'sh,  for  permanent    hurial. 

l*erhai)s  some  future  archajolo«'ist  will  delve  among  these  ruins 
and  tind  a  key  to  the  mystery  ot  the  Builders,  of  whom  we  to-day 
know  next  t«»  nothing;  and  unless  some  means  are  taken  hy  the 
Government  or  societies  organized  for  the  purpose,  and  these  meas- 
ures ut  no  distant  day,  they  will  have  become  so  far  obliterated  by 
the  plow  and  by  unskilled  diggers  that  the  slight  clues  they  contain 
will  be  buried  in  oblivion  greater  than  now  enslirouds  the  history 
of  their  builders. 

A  few  years  ago  some  of  the  prominent  gentlemen  of  I*ike 
county  interested  themselves  in  organizing  an  "  Archa'sological 
Society,"  but  of  late  the  interest  seems  to  have  aliated  very  per- 
ceptibly, ami  the  Stjciety  so  enthusiastically  organizetl  can  now 
scarcely  be  said  to  be  in  existence. 

The  genlletnen  proposing  to  organize  an  "  Anti«juarian  Society  " 
met  at  the  court-house  in  I*ittstield,  May  24.  1S73.  when  Dr.  T. 
Worthington  was  called  to  the  chair  and  li.  II.  Criswell  aj)pointed 
secretary.  They  organize*!  tlie  "  Pike  County  Anti(juarian  Soci- 
ety," and  the  ])ermanent  ofHcers  elected  at  this  meeting  were,  Pres- 
ident— Wm.  A.  (iriMjshaw  ;  A'ice  Presidents  -  Win.  Mc.\dams, 
Escp,  Dr.  E.  S.  Hull,  of  Madison  county,  Cai.t.  W.  11.  Keed,  of 
Calhoim  county,  I^r.  T.  Worthington,  of  Pike,  Dr.  A.  .Mittower,  ot 
Pike,  liichanrperry,  of  Pike.  II.  .1.  Harris,  ot  Pike,  C.  L.  Obst,  of 
Pittstield,  Archaeologist  Artist;  Dr.  Thos.  Aiton,  Secretary;  Wni.  U. 
Archer,  Trea^urer. 

W.  IJ.  (Jrimes.  Dr.  Mittower  and  C'.  L.  (>i»st  were  apjtointed  a 
committee  to  solicit  contributions  t«>  the  wibinct  of  the  Society,  and 
invite  the  exhibition  of  such  relics  as  owners  are  unwilling  to  part 
with,  the  object  being  to  obtain  j)ossession  of  evidences  and  traces 
of  the  j)eople  of  antiijuitv,  their  iinplements  and  usages  as  far  as 
})racticable. 

A  letter  was  read  before  tiie  Society  from  Mr.  Mc Adams,  of  Wa- 
terville,  Jersey  county.  May  18,  1873,  as  follows: 

"  I  see  in  the  papers  a  call  for  a  meeting  in  Pittsfield  on  the  24th 
in&l.,  lo  oryfaniz'-  a  society  with  a  view  of  further  investi;;ation  and 
more  perfect  knowledge  of  relics  and  ancient  remains  near  the  Il- 
linois and  Mississippi  rivers.  I  have  for  the  last  15  years,  during 
my  leisure  hours,  been  making  some  investigations  of  the  moimds 
and  tumuli  cjf  Jersey  and  Calhoun  counties.  There  is  not  perhaps 
in  all  the  West  a  section  richer  or  more  interesting  in  its  great 
numi)ers  of  relics  of  an  almost  unknown  race  of  people  who  once 
inhabited  this  countrv.  No  thoroUi;h  investiiration  lias  been  made. 
Alreadv  many  of  them  have  been   destroyed  by  the  cultivation  of 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  305 

new  fields.  Before  inativ  years  the  inaioritv  of  them  will  be  ob- 
literated,  or  so  defaced  that  the  ori<ri:ial  ])lan  of  constnielioii  will 
be  lost.  There  should  be  a  society  like  the  one  yon  propose  to  or- 
ganize, not  only  for  the  purpose  of  investi<^ation  but  also  for  the 
purpose  of  inakini;;  some  record  of  their  woi-k.  Comparatively  little 
is  known  of  the  mounds  of  Jersey  and  Calhoun,  although  I  have 
visited  many  of  them  and  collected  quite  a  number  of  interesting 
relics.  Yours  truly, 

"Wm.  MoAdams." 

The  second  week  in  June,  1873,  the  Society  made  an  excursion 
to  the  southern  part  of  the  county  and  spent  several  days  among 
the  numerous  mounds  in  that  locality,  where  they  found  many 
relics  of  the  aborij^^ines,  anionic:  which  were  arrow  heads,  fish-S]')ears, 
stone  knives  and  liatchets,  earthen  vessels  of  various  kinds,  coj)per 
kettles,  stone  pipes,  shell  and  cop])er  beads,  silver  ear-rings,  silver 
buckles,  etc.  Nearly  all  these  articles  were  fo«nd  imbedded  in  the 
mounds  with  human  bones,  pieces  of  pottery,  etc.,  genei'ally  at  a 
depth  of  about  three  feet  below  the  surface.  In  some  cases  stone 
vaults  containing  bones  and  other  relics  were  discovered  a  few  feet 
beneath  the  surface.  The  members  of  the  Society  who  went  on 
that  excursion  say  they  had  a  most  enjoyable  trip  and  consider 
themselves  well  repaid  for  their  tr(Mibl(\ 

In  the  summer  of  1873,  Col.  J).  \>.  Bush  presented  to  the  Society 
for  its  museum  Indian  trappings  of  great  value.  Thos.  James,  of 
Martinsburg.  i>resented  a  large  lot  of  beautiful  beads  and  amulets 
from  the  Big  ^Nlound  of  Saci'amento  valley,  Cal.;  also,  moss,  peat, 
cinnal)ar  and  Chinese  corn,  etc. — all  from  California.  Col.  S.  S. 
Thomas  presented  a  rare  and  beautiful  specimen  of  coquine  and 
concrete  shells  from  St.  Augustine,  Florida.  In  Septeml)er  of  the 
same  year.  Col.  A.  C.  Matthews  eontril)uted  to  the  museum  one 
beaked  saw-lish  {Pristis)  from  Matagorda  Island,  Texas;  auto- 
graj)h  letter  of  Henry  Clay,  dated  Oct.  5,  1829,  Ashland,  Ky.; 
pass  of  Lieut.  Gen.  S.  B.  Buckner,  C.  S.  A.;  one  copy  of  army  cor- 
respondence; also  coin  and  fossils.  Geo.  H.  French  presented  a 
stone  mortar  from  Pilot  Blufl",  Illinois  river;  E.  JS.  French,  s])eci- 
mens  of  columnar  limestone;  Hon.  J.  M.  Bush  presiMited  one  copy 
of  the  Massachusetts  Centennial,  published  at  Boston,  Sept.  5, 
1789,  about  four  months  after  the  inauguration  of  President  Wash- 
ington; Hon.  W.  A.  Grimshaw  ]^resented  books  as  follows:  Amer- 
ican Volume,  Ancient  Armeca;  Lines  of  Humboldt;  two  volumes 
of  Smithsonian  Institute  Re})orts,  1865-'6;  two  volumes  of  History 
of  Wisconsin;  stone  and  flint  implements,  bone  needle  and  speci- 
mens of  ])otterv.  Patrick  Ilalpin  presented  specimens  of  Ameri- 
can and  Italian   marble. 

In  December,  Mr.  R.  Perry  contributed  s])ecimens  of  silicious 
and  ferruginous  conglomerate;  Dr.  A.  McFarland,  a  very  nice 
human  skeleton,  five  bottles  containing  in  alcohol  si)eciniens  of 
ophidian,  all  indigenous  to  Pike  county,  and  also  one   containing 


30C  HISTORY    »»K    I'lKK    COUNTY. 

ttetiiii;  Tlios,  Williiiiiu-,  seven  l»eaiitil"ul  lliiit  impleiiuMits;  aixl   N. 
W.  Kil>ler,  a  very  hiri^e  tootli  of  a  paeliydenii. 

Feb.  21,  1S74.  C4eo.  Bell.  Thos.  lj|o«»iner,  Uiniiii  llurton  jind  (t. 
S.  Peiuiiii^^toii  found  reiiiaiiiK  of  tive  huniaii  skeletons  in  tlie  Mis- 
siissipiii  Idiitrs  oil  the  farm  of  Mr:*.  L.  li.  Lyoji  at  the  month  of 
Diiteh  creek  hollow.  One  bknll  measured  *J<I  inches  from  the  toj» 
of  the  cranium  around  under  the  lower  jaw.  Indeed,  many 
more  skeleton:*  are  in  these  bluH's.  Several  wa^on-Ioads  of 
rock  hiid  l»een  thrown  over  these  remains.  The  heads  a|)j)eared  to 
be  laid  towanl  a  common  center  of  ahont  three  feet  space.  One 
skull  containe<l  a  rt.»ck  whicli  had  doubtless  heen  thrown  there  when 
the  remains  were  huried.  The  bones  were  very  brittle  and  dilllcult 
to  seciir*'  in  their  integrity  fr<>m  amonn;  the  roots.  There  are  st-ven 
of  these  muunds  in  Mr.  Ilorton's  liehl,  in  a  semi-circle,  all  C(jntain- 
in«^  human  remaiiiB.  AUo  a  epecies  <»f  pottery  has  heen  found 
tliere. 

In  the  soiitheast  part  of  I'earl  township  ahout  a  mile  from  the 
Illinois  river  tw«>  opper  vessels  were  once  fouiul,  one  smalK-r  than 
the  other,  under  bome  Hat  stones  which  had  been  plowed  up,  and  a 
little  lower  down  stone  cotfins  were  f«)und  in  a  field  where  they  had 
been  plowing;  but  ihcj-e  "remains"  were  probably  left  tliere  by 
early  French  e.xplorers. 

Mr.  C  L.  Obst,  photographer  in  Fittsliehl,  who  id  a  fine  archffi- 
ologist  and  the  virtual  foumler  of  the  '*  I'ike  County  Anticpiarian 
Society,"  hasH  splendid  collection;  namely,  100  varieties  of  Hint 
implements,  four  varieties  of  stone  hatchets,  four  of  wedges,  varie- 
ties of  stone  disks  of  various  materials,  as  iron  <»re,  sandstone,  gran- 
ite and  greenstone,  four  varieties  of  plummets,  mostly  iron  ore, 
two  of  hammers,  pestles,  round  stone  for  clubs,  eight  kinds  of 
pipes,  iron  ore  and  gn-eii^totie  chisels,  plowshares  and  hoes,  a  large 
variety  «»f  pottery,  drills  and  mortars,  bone  of  the  pre  historic  bison, 
sinkers,  weights,  etc.,  etc.  Mr.  Obst  has  also  a  g<»o<l  collection  of 
geological  specimens. 

The  museum  of  the  S«»ciety  is  in  the  Public  LiWrary  room  over 
the  postoflice  in  I'ittslield,  but  the  association  is  not  active  at  pres- 
ent and  their  collection  of  relics  seems  neglected. 


(CHAPTER  IX. 
IMPORTANT  LABORS  OF  TIIP]  BOARD  OF  SUPERVISORS. 

COUNTY  COUKT. 

In  1847  a  State  election  was  held  for  members  of  the  Constitu- 
tional Ooiiventiou,  which  Convention  prepared  and  submitted  to  the 
people  a  new  Constitution,  which  was  adopted  by  a  large  majority. 
By  this  Constitution,  in  place  of  the  Commissioners'  Court  a  County 
Court  was  organized  in  each  county.  This  Court  consisted  of  a 
County  Judge,  and,  if  the  Legislature  saw  proper  to  so  order  it,  two 
Associate  Justices.  This  the  Legislature  favorably  acted  uj)on. 
The  last  meeting  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  was  held 
November,  1849.  After  the  transaction  of  such  business  as  prop- 
erly came  before  them,  they  adjourned  until  court  in  course,  but 
never  re-assembled. 

On  the  tirst  Monday  of  December  of  the  same  year  the  first  regu- 
lar term  of  the  County  Court  was  held.  The  duties' of  the  Court 
in  a  legislative  capacity  were  precisely  the  same  as  those  of  the 
County  Commissioners'  Court.  In  addition  to  the  legislative  power 
the  members  of  this  Court  were  permitted  to  exercise  judicial 
authority,  having  all  the  rights  and  privileges  of  Justices  of  the 
Peace,  together  with  all  probate  business.  This  C'ourt  consisted  of 
a  County  Judge  and  two  Associate  Justices.  The  Judge  and  As- 
sociate Justices  acted  together  for  the  transaction  of  all  county  busi- 
ness, but  none  other.  The  Justices  had  an  equal  vote  with  the 
Judge,  and  received  the  same  salary  while  holding  Court,  which  was 
$2  per  day.     Two  of  the  three  constituted  a  (juoruni. 

The  Countv  Judije  who  served  under  this  rci^ime  was  James 
Ward.  The  Associate  Justices  were  Joshua  Woosley  and  William 
P.  Ilarpole. 

TOWNSHIl'  ORGANIZATION. 

The  Constitution  of  1847  provide*^  for  township  organization 
in  those  counties  desiring  it.  (lions.  Wm.  II.  Archer  and  Wm. 
A.  Grimshaw,  both  of  this  county,  were  members  of  the  Conven- 
tion framing  this  dmstitution.)  The  (piestion  of  organizing 
according   to  this  j)rovision    soon  began,  of  course,  to   agitate  the 


308  IIISTUKY    OF    I'IKE   COUNTV. 

}>eoj)le  (»t"  Pike  County,  and  the  controversy  •;re\v  bitter, — the  bit- 
terest indeed  that  this  more  than  usually  peaceful  coniinunity  ever 
indiiliri'd  in.  Iinnit;jrants  from  the  Kast  were  familiar  with  the 
workiii«;s  of  town-hip  le:,'islation  and  matiai^iMUcnt,  and  desired  to 
perpetuate  their  home  iri>titutiun  in  the  Wi-pI;  l)Ut  the  other  citi- 
zens of  the  county  were  afraid  that  the  introduction  of  the  measure 
would  necessitate  an  incivase  of  office  holders,  useless  expenses  and 
manv  unforeseen  vexations.  The  Jud^/es  in  otfioe  w»'re  all  opixtsed 
to  the  innovation, — st>  much  so  indeed*  that  they  continued  to  hold 
Court  even  after  the  j^reat  victory  of  the  innovators  in  carry in«!j  the 
county  by  1,563  votes  agjiinst  317,  and  the  election  of  new  meni- 
bers.  For  a  short  time  the  eoiiiitv  had  two  le«;iplatures  at  once. 
The  vote  w.is  taken  at  the  j^eneral  election  jf  November  (j,  1>4'.>,  at 
which  election  IV'ter  V.  Siiankland  was  elected  County  Clerk  on 
this  hotly  contested  issue,  and  Stephen  It.  Gray  Sheritl".  I'oth  these 
gentlemen  were  Di'inocrate,  in  favor  of  township  or;^anizati(»n.  In- 
deed, as  a  matter  <d*  curiosity,  but  of  no  political  si;;niticance,  we 
mav  state  that  the  tiiflit  on  ln»th  sides  was  nearly  all  done  bv  the 
l)emt»crats,  the  Whi;;s  Uikinjj  but  little  part. 

An  election  was  held  in  Novfml>er,  1^40,  to  vote  "  for "  or 
"a<rainst  "  township  ori^miz ition.  wliich  resultetl  in  favor  of  tlie 
measnr<'.  This  was  met  with  bitter  opposition  however,  and  an  ap- 
jHjal  was  tikon  to  the  Circuit  Court  by  Samuel  L.  Crane.  The  law 
was  decided  to  \)c  constitutional,  and  the  election  a  fair  one. 

The  Hoard  wf  Supervisors  of  Pike  county  first  assembled  April 
8,  18.">0,  this  buin;;  one  of  the  first  <•.. unties  in  tin'  Stutf  to  organize 
under  the  township  ino«le. 

There  were  present  at  this  meeting  the  fo|h»win;;  members  : 
Moiitj^omrrv  HIair.  Parry;  Ila/en  Pn-ssy.  Washin^rton;  Archibald 
Prooks,  (/liaml)ersburi;;  Uavid  Preljle,  Salem;  Wilson  Adams, 
llarilin;  Win.  Koss,  Newburj;;  Thos.  Hull,  Kinderln»ok;  A.  \V. 
Jiemis,  Martinsburj^;  li.  C.  Kobertson,  Milton;  Janus  M.  Seeley, 
Atlas,  and  John  McTucker.  Iladlev.  Stipervipor  Plair  was  elected 
temporary  Chairman  and  Col.Iluss  chosen  Chairnjan.  The  Poard 
then  adjourned  to  re-assemble  April  23.  Ib'iO.  There  were  j)resent 
at  this  the  second  niettin^  the  following  gentlemen:  Wm.  Iloss; 
Archibald  Pr«M»ks;  Darius  Dexter,  Perry;  Amos  Hill,  (iriggsville; 
David  Preble;  John  McTucker;  Montgomery  Plair;  Jesse  Seniff, 
Detroit;  Th««mas  Hull;  A,  W.  Pemip;  J.  M.  Seeley;  J.  T.  Hyde, 
Pittsfield;  H.  C.  Uoljertson;  Wilson  Adams;  Iliucen  Pressy;  and 
Jann'S  Talbot,  Pleasant  Vale. 

The  County  Court,  when  in  session  in  1*^40.  appointed  a  com- 
mittee to  divide  the  county  into  townships.  This  committee  made 
their  report  to  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  which  is  as  follows  : 

**  We.  the  undersigned,  CoHimissioncrs  appointed  by  the  horutr- 
able  the  County  Court  at  the  December  term.  l'^49,  to  divide  Pike 
cotinly  into  towns  or  townships  pursuantto  the  declared  wish  of  the 
citizens  of  said  county,  decided  by  a  majority  of  votes  given  for 
and  against  townshij*  organization  at  an  election   held  on  Tuesday 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  309 

after  the  first  Mundiiy  in  Xovoinber,  184:9,  under  und  by  antliority 
of  an  act  to  provide  for  townsbij)  and  county  ori^unization,  and  may 
organize  whenever  a  majority  of  votes  of  said  county  at  any  gen- 
eral election  shall  so  determine,  res))ectfnlly  report  that,  after  ma- 
ture delil)eration  and  liearing  tlie  views  and  ci»nsultiiig  ihe  wishes 
of  the  people  through  delegations  apjxn'nted  by  the  (litfei'cnt  j)re- 
cincts,  they  have  unanimously  agi-eed  .upon  the  following  division 
boundaries  and  names,  and  report  the  same  as  organized  : 

"  JouN  Lystku, 
"  S.  K.  Gi>AY, 
"  John  K.Clkveland. 
''Commencing  at  the  northeastern  corner  of  the  county  and 
making  fractional  townshij^s  3  s.,  1  and  2  w.,  a  town  by  the  name 
of  Chambersburg;  Congressional  township  3  s.,  3  w.,  Perrj';  3  s., 
4  w.,  Fairmount;  4  s..  7  w.,  and  fractional  of  4  s.  and  8  w.,  Kin- 
derhook;  4  s.,  6  w.,  Barry;  4  s.,  5  w.,  lladley;  4  s.,  4  w.,  New 
Salem;  4  s.,  3  w.,  Griggrsville;  fractional  township  4  s.,  2  w.,  Flint; 
fractional  township  5  s.,  2  w.,  Detroit;  Congressional  township  5  s., 
2  w.,  Newburg;  5  s.,  4  w.,  Pittslield;  5  s.,  5  w.,  Washington;  5  s., 
6  w.,  and  the  fractional  townships  5  s.,  7  w.,  and  5  s,,  8  w.,  and  6 
6.,  7  w.,  Pleasant  \^ale;  6  s.,  5  w.,  6  s.,  6  w.,  7  s.,  5  w.  and  7  s.,  8 
w.,  Atlas;  0  s.,  4  w.,  Martinsburg;  6  s.,  3  w.,  Hardin;  0  s.,  2  w., 
Milton;  fractional  township  7  s.,  2  w.,  Pearl;  7  s.,  3  w.,  Spring 
Creek;  and  7  s.,  4  w.,  Pleasant  Hill." 

Subsequently  the  Board  of  Supervisors  were  notified  by  the 
State  Auditor  that  the  names  of  Washington  and  Milton  must  be 
changed,  owing  to  other  townships  in  the  State  bearing  those 
names.  On  motion  of  Suj)ervisor  Pobertsou  the  name  of  Milton 
was  changed  to  Montezuma;  and  on  motion  of  Supervisor  Pressly 
that  of  Washington  to  Derry. 

In  1S7G  the  fractional  ]iart  of  township  4  s.,  8  w.,  and  heretofore 
a  part  of  Kinderhook  township  was  organized  into  a  separate  town- 
ship and  named  Levee.  In  1879  that  part  of  Atlas  township  in 
town  7  s.,  5  w.,  was  organized  into  a  separate  township  and  named 
Ross. 

JAIL. 

At  the  April  meeting,  1863,  the  Board  of  Supervisors  resolved 
to  build  a  new  jail,  llie  costof  whi'3h  should  not  exceed  §15,000.  Su- 
pervisors Gray,  Dimmitt,  Smitherman,  Roberts,  Dennis,  Adams 
and  Shields  were  ajipointed  a  committee  to  carry  out  the  decisions 
of  the  Board,  and  they  authorized  a  sub-committee  to  visit  jails  of 
other  counties  and  procure  i)lans  and  specifications  for  consideration 
and  adoption  by  the  above  committee;  and  also  with  full  ])ower  to 
appoint,  if  they  see  proper,  a  sub-committee  as  acting  superintend- 
ents of  the  erection  of  said  building;  and  also  the  said  committee 
was  given  power  to  dispose  of  the  old  part  of  the  present  jail,  to- 
gether with  the  lot,  and  to  purchase  a  more  suitable  lot  whereon  to 
erect  the  new  buildingr. 


310 


mSTOKY    OF    riKK    COUNTY, 


At  a  mcctiii;^  held  Tiu'sdsiv,  Sept.  IG,  1SG.'>,  Supervisor  Dennis 
oft'ered  a  ret^ulution  ti>  increase  the  apj)nt|)riatioii  i'or  the  biiildin<j^ 
of  the  jail  and  SlierifPs  residence  from  $15,000  to  $'2r>,000.  Su- 
pervisor Ilollis  moved  that  the  appropriation  he  $20,000.  His 
motidii  was  htst,  and  Mr.  Denni.s'  was  achipted. 

The  jail  Imililin^',  vi'  which  we  <j:ive  a  cut  in  this  vuhune,  was  com- 
pleted in  due  time,  and  now  stands  an  honor  to  the  county. 

SUPER  VI  SO  US. 

Below  we  ^ive  a  full  list  of  all  the  Supervisors  from  the  time  the 
county  was  organized  umler  the  townshij)  law  till  the  j)rescnt  time, 
by  years,  to:,M»ther  with  the  name  of  the  chairman  and  the  township 
each  member  is  from: 

1850. 

William  Hoi'm,  Newlairp.  CA/i«r/«rt/j. 


Arcliihiilil  I?ro()k-;,  ('liaiul>vrsliiirg. 
Darius  Dt  xtir,  IVrn*. 
AiUDS  Hill,  GriirK^'^'^iIlt'- 
Davit!  I'rclilc.  Nrw  SuKin 
Jt)lin  Ml  Tucktr.  Iladltv. 
M<iiit;;(>iinTy  Blair,  Harry 
Jfss«-  SinilV"  |)i  troit. 
Thnnias  Mull.   Kiiidcrliook. 
A.  W.  IJtiiii.-,  .Marliusbiirg. 
J.  MSlcIiv.  Allil. 


.1    V   Hy.lr.  I'itlsll.-ld 
It.C.  KoIriIm)!).  Milton  (Montezuma). 
Wilson  Aduiii'<,  Hardin, 
llii/in  Pri'-oy,  Washington,  Dcrry. 
Jam -s  Tiilhot,  I*l<'ii-iaiil  Vale. 
William  Tiirnl.uU.  I'Miiit. 
Williaiii    MorriMtti.  rairinoiint. 
Thorn  18  liarloti,  I'U-asant  ilill. 
J.  I'.  Sliirk,  Spring  Creik. 


1851. 


Williiun  Roes, 
Amos  Hill,  (triepsvilk-. 
ThnniM.-  Odioriir.  .Vlliw. 
Ha/(  n  l'n>sy.  Di-rry. 
William  .Morrison.  Falrinount. 
William  Tiirnliull    Flint. 
Thomas  Barton.  PU-isant  Hill. 
William  (Jnimiuar,  Hadlcy. 
John  Lysii-r.  Drtroil. 
Wordin  Willis,  rioa.sant  Vule. 
Moutgouury  Blair,  Barry. 


Nfwbiiri;,  Chuirumn- 

DariuH  DcxttT.  I'crrv 

D   H.  t;ilm.r,  ruts'tield. 

H.  ('.  KobtrtHon,  .Montc/.uma. 

William  .Vdaiiis,  Hardin. 

Harvi-y  W.  .McClintock,  Maitinnburg. 

David  Pri-bli',  Nfw  Salcin. 

.1    I'    .Star*,  Spring  C'rofk. 

'rii<iiii:is  Hull.  Kiiidirliouk. 

Consiantine  Smith,  I'rarl. 

Pflt-r  Karges,  Chambfrsburg. 


1852. 


II.  H.  Ramsay, 
James  Brown,  rii:imlK.'r9burg. 
Darius  Dixtir.  IVrry. 
David  Pn-blo,  Now  Salem. 
John  E.  .\yrfs,  Fairmount. 
M.  B.  ("hurehill,  Kiuderhook. 
S.  K.  Tavlor.  Derrv. 
D.  H.  Gilmer,  Pitlstield 
M.  .1.  Xoye.H. 
Amos  Hill,  Grigsville. 
John  Lystor,  Detroit. 


Atla.s,  (.'hainnnn. 
William  Tiimbull.  Flint. 
H.  W.  .Ml  ("lintrHk,  .Martinsburg. 
K.  V  Thurman,  Plea.sant  Hill. 
William  (Jrammar,  Hadley. 
IJ   F.  Brownell,  Barrv. 
S.  Grigslu-.   Plca<ant  Vale. 
Hieliard  UoherlM'ii,  .Montezuma. 
A.  Main.  Hardin. 
.  nbn  P   Siark.  Spring  Creek. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTV. 


311 


1853. 


William 

James  Browo,  Chambcrsburg. 
William  Dustiii,  Atlas. 
Daniel  Fisher,  New  Salem. 
Thomas  Hull,  Kiiulerhook. 
Harlow  Hiiiitlev,  lladley. 
Tyre  Jennings,  Barry. 
B.  L.  Matthews  Perry. 
H.  T.  Mudil,  Pittsrteld. 
Constantine  biuith.  Pearl. 


J.  S.  Roberts. 

James  Rrown,  Chambersburg. 
Calvin  (Jreenleaf,  Flint. 
Jonathan  Frye,  Detroit. 
Dennis  Leary,  Montezuma. 
Constantine  Smith,  Pearl. 
B.  L.  Matthews,  Perry. 
James  Winn,  Griijgsville. 
B.  F.  Westlake,  Xewburg. 
John  Heavener,  Hardin. 
Wm.  E.  Smith,  Spring  Creek. 


Turubull,  Cliairman. 

William  E.  Smith,  Spring  Creek. 
Cornelius  Sullivan,  Martiusburg. 
Jonatlian  Frye,  Detroit. 
Dennis  Leary,  Monlezuma. 
William  Kinman,  <trigi;sville. 
Samuel  G.  Sittou,  Harilin. 
William  C.  Crawford,  Fairmount. 
L.  H.Stone,  Pleasant  Hill. 
F.  A.  Landrum,  Derry. 

.1854. 

Martinsburg,  Chairman. 

Daniel  F'isher,  New  Salem. 

Henry  T.  Mu<ld,  Pitlstield. 

L.  H." Stone,  Pleas.int  Hill. 

Wm.  (xrammar,  lladley. 

Jethro  Petty,  Derry. 

Wm.  Dustin.  Atlas. 

Tyre  Jenning.s,  Barry. 

Charles  T.  Brewster,  "Pleasant  Vale. 

S.  B.  Gaiue.s,  Kinilerliook. 

Wm.  C.  Crawford,  Fairmount. 


B.  F.  Westlake, 

John  Loer,  Chambersburg. 
Wm.  Thaekwray,  Flint. 
D.  Leary,  Montezuma. 
Const-inline  Smith,  Pearl. 
B.  L.  Matthews,  Perry. 
James  Winn,  Griggsvilie. 
Wilson  Adams,  Hardin. 
Wm.  C.  Smith,  Spring  Creek. 
Wm.  C.  Crawford,  Fairmount. 
Daniel  Fisiier,  New  Salem. 
H.  T.  Mudd,  Pittsfield. 


1855. 

Newburg,  Chairman. 

John  S.  Roberts.  Martinsburg. 

John  liay,  Pleasant  Hill. 

Joseph  P.  Smith,  lladley. 

J.  8.  Vertrees,  IVriy. 

Simon  K.  Taylor,  Derry. 

Tyre  Jennings,  Barry. 

Thos.  Odiorne,  Atlas. 

Charles  T.  Brewster,  Plea.sant  Vale. 

S.  B.  Gaines,  Kinderhook. 

R.  C.  Allen,  Detroit. 

Nicholas  Hobbes,  Fairmount. 

1856. 


J.  S.  Roberts, 

John  Loer,  Chambensburg. 
Jonathan  Frye,  Detroit. 
Wm.  Wheeler,  Pearl. 
O.  M.  Hatch,  Grigirsville. 
Joseph  G.  Colvin,  Hardin. 
Wm.  H   Love,  Fairmount. 
Daniel  I).  Hieks,  Pitt.sfield. 
Ale.x.  Hemi»hill,  Pleasant  Hill. 
Josiali  LonLT,  .Vtlas. 
Daniel  Pyle,  Flint. 


Martiusburg,  Chairman. 

Edwin  Wooley,  Montezuma. 
John  L.  Gaine,  Perry. 
B.  F.  Westlake,  Xewburg. 
Wm.  E.  Smith,  Spring  Creek. 
Wm.  F.  Hoi)i)er,  New  Salem. 
Richard  Hayes,  Hadky. 
Jame^  Wallace,  Pleasant  Vale. 
A.  Landrum,  Derry. 
John  P.  (Jrubb,  Barry. 

1857. 


John  W 

B.  B.  Metz,  Chambersburg. 
.losepli  (i.  Pvle,  Flint. 
Spencer  Huilson,  Montezuma. 
Constanliue  Smith,  Pearl. 


Allen,  Detroit,  Chairman. 

Wm.  F.  Hooker,  New  Salem. 
D.iniel  I).  Hicks,  Pitlstield. 
Jitshua  Butl(;r.  .>Lirtinsburg. 
Alex.  IIemi)hill,  Pleasant  Hill. 


312 


UI6TOKY    OF    IMKH  COUNTY, 


Thos.  1{(  ynolds,  Pi-rry. 
AllVfd  (tonlon,  tJrisr^rsvillc. 
B.  F.  Wcstlakr.  Nfwburj,'. 
J.  (}.  C'olviii,  llur.liii. 
Jolin  IF.  Hnw«T,  Fairmouiil. 
Wm   K  Sinilh,  Sprintr  Crtt-k. 


Hichiird  Miivis.  Iliuilcy. 
.lolin  I,.  I'lidrrwood,  Di-rry. 
.K'ssf  I.oiiir,  Alius. 
J.  U  WilliiiiuH.  Harry. 
.laincH  Walliirr,  PIcasHiit  Vnle. 
M.  H.  Churcliill.  KiiKl«rh<K)k. 


1858. 


Wm.  Tiirnbull,  Flint,  Chainmin. 


Ilarviy  Dunn,  (lianiUTslmrj;. 
Jiinatli.ui  Fry*',  l)tir<>it. 
K.  N    Fniufi.  .Montr/iiroa. 
Hiram  H<»s.  IVarl. 
Tlios   Hcvnoliis,  IVrry. 
James  W'inn.  Jiriirir-'villr. 
H.  F    Wollakc,  N'l  wlinri;. 
Atlam  l'iit<Tliaiit;li,  Ilarilin 
Wm.  K  Smitli,  Spring  C'n-ck. 
John  n.  BrewtT.  Fainnouiit. 


Thos.  (iray.  New  Sali-m. 
Ausiin  HarluT,  l'ilih(i< M. 
JottlitiH  Mini)  r.  .Martinsliiir;;. 
John  Ci.  Silton,  lM<asaut  Hill. 
Wm.  (fianuniir,  1 1  adit  y 
Jnhn   I..  rnd<rwoi>d,  Derry. 
Shi-rman  Brown,  .Vilan. 
Jaini-H  B.  W  illiams.  Barry. 
Jiitnrti  Wallucf.  I'hasant  Vale. 
A.  T.  Ixjvo,  Kimlfrh(K)k. 


1859. 


John  S.  HoltcrtM,  Martiiinbtirii;,  C%iir«n/i. 


Wilson  S.  DvnniH.  ('hamlHrrMbnt)?. 

Jam.  s  L  Tl.  Flint. 

Joiittiinn  Fr;.  it. 

Ihuui-  .S.  Brown.  .Mond/utna. 

IXinHlimtim*  Smitli.  I'carl. 

B.  L.  Matthiws,  IVrry 

James  Winn   '   -  ille, 

lU-nj    F    We  ..wbiirf;. 

Wii.soti  .Vdaiii-    llaidin. 

Wm    V.   Smuli    ^prin.'  ("nek. 


John  Vuil  Fainnount. 

JamcxC  (Vmkriu'lil,  New  Salem. 
Isaiu-  W.  Jone-.  Piltsfleltl. 
Thos.  Barney,  Pleavml  Hill. 
Wm.  (jrammar.  lladlcy. 
Binion  K.  Taylor,  IK-rry. 
Hherman  Brown,  Atlux. 
Uiehard  St.  John,  Barry, 
.lainch  Wallarc,  I'|e)i'..int  Vale 
Jolin  <;    Wlieihxk,  Kinderhook. 


John  8.  l{<>b«TlH, 
James  n.  I)ermi^.  Chaml  enibur^f. 
Ja&  I.,  riiompson.  Flint 
John  W   Allen.  Delro.t. 
E.  (.'.  ('lenunon>«,  Monte/uma 
Hiram  He^vs,  Pearl. 
James  ,Ii.liiis,  p.  rr\ . 
T.  11.  niiniiiilt.  (;r'ii:(r8ville. 
B.  F.  Westlake.  Newburg. 
J.  C.  C'olvin,      ardin. 
Wm.  E   Smith.  Spring  Cnek 


18«<). 

Martinitbur);.  Ctutirman. 
John  Vnil,  Fairmonnt. 
Ja*.  C"  Conkriitht.   New  Salem. 
David  A.  Stanton,  Pitt.stieUI. 
Alex.  Parker.  Pleasjint  Hill. 
Wm.  Cirammur.  iladley 
.'  ■'    ■        "iim,  Derry. 

I  .1,  .\ilas. 

Ia'wIh  I>    White,  Barry. 
Harriflon  Bn)wn.  P'eiwant  Hill. 
John  O.  Wheel'K-k,  Kinderhook. 

18G1. 


John  S.  Roberts,  Martinsbur;:.  Chiirnmn. 


J.  11.  Dennis.  Chamlx-rsburg. 
Geo.  H.  Sanfonl.  Flint. 
John  W.  .\llen.  Detroit. 
Wm.  B.  (Jrimes,  Monte/uma. 
Andn-w  N.  Hess,  Pearl. 
Geo.  W.  Baldwin.  Perrv. 
Thos.  H.  Dimmiit.  (tripirsville. 
B.  F.  Westlake.  Newburir. 
Jos.  G.  Colvin,  Harrlin. 
Wm.  E.  Smith.  Spring  Creek. 


John  Vail.  Fairmonnt. 
A.J.  McWilliams.  New  Salem. 
D.  A.  Stanton.  Pittsfield. 
A.  J.  ly^vell,  Ple.-isant  Hill. 
Wm.  Grammar,  Hadley. 
Isaac  Prycif,  Perry. 
J.  (;.  .Vdams,  Alias. 
John  McTiicker,  Barry. 
Perry  H.  Davis,  Pleasant  Vale. 
John  Aron.  Kinderhook. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY. 


313 


John  8.  Roberts, 

James  II.  Dennis,  Cliambersburg. 

Geo.  II.  Sanfonl,  Flint. 

Jonathan  Frye,  Detroit. 

Geo.  Underwood,  Montezuma. 

Andrew  X.  Hess,  Pearl, 

James  W.  Brown,  Perry. 

T.  H.  Dimniiit,  Griiri^sville. 

B.  F.  Westlake.  Xewl)urg. 

J.  G.  Colvin,  Hardin. 

Wm.  E.  Smith,  Spring  Creek. 


John  S.  Roberts, 

James  H.  Dennis,  Chambersburg. 
Wm.Tliackwray,  Flint. 
L.  J.  Sniithermau,  Detroit. 
J.  O.  Bolin,  ]SIon(ezuma. 

A.  N.  Hess,  Pearl. 
Augustus  Akin,  Perry. 

T.  ri.  Diniiniit,  (Triggsville. 
Strolher  (4riLrsbv,  Newburg. 

B.  F.  We.sthike,  Newburg. 
J.  G.  Colvin,  Hardin. 

D.  Hollis,  Spring  Creek. 


1862. 

Martinsburg,  Chairmaa. 

Wm.  ^lorrison,  Fairmount. 

A.  J.  McWilliams,  New  Salem. 

D.  A.  Stanton,  Piltstield, 

L.  II.  Stone,  Pleasant  Hill. 

Win.  (Jraiunuir,  Hadley. 

J.  B.  Landrum,  Derry. 

J.  G.  Adams,  Atlas. 

Henry  Wallace,  Barry. 

P.  H.  Davis,  Pleasant  Vale. 

John  Aron,  Kinderhook. 

1863. 

Martinsburg,  Chairnian. 

Wm.  Morrison,  Fairmount. 

A.  J.  :Mc\Villiams,  Xew  Salem. 

S.  R.  Gray,  Piitslield. 

A.  Hemphill,  Pleasant  Ilill. 

Wm.  Grammar,  Hadley. 

Thos.  Harris,  Derry. 

J.  G.  Adams,  Atlas. 

AVm.  P.  Siiields,  Barry. 

J.  H.  Thomas,  Pleasant  Vale. 

John  x\ron,  Kinderhook. 


James  H.  Dennis, 

Wm.  Thackwray,  Flint. 
L.  J.  Smitherman,  Detroit. 
E.  N.  French,  Montezuma. 

A.  N.  Hess,  Pearl. 
Harvey  Dunn,  Jr.,  Perry. 
Thos.  H.  Dimmitt,  Griggsville. 
Nathan  Kelley,  Newburg. 

B.  C.  Lindsay,  Hardin. 
David  Hollis,  Spring  Creek. 
John  Vail,  Fairmount. 


1864. 

Chambersburg,  Chair  man. 
John  Preble,  New  Salem. 
N.  A.  Wells,  Pitlsfield. 
J.  S.  Roberts,  Martinsburg. 
Alex.  Hemphill,  Pleasant  Hill. 
Wm.  Grammar,  Hadley. 
Thos.  S.  Harris,  Derry. 
J.  G.  Adams,  Atlas. 
Wm.  P.  Shields,  Barry. 
James  Wallace,  Pleasant  Vale. 
John  G.  Wheelock,  Kinderhook. 

1865. 


P.  H.  Davis, 

Jas.  11.  Dennis,  Chambersburg. 

Wm.  Turnbull.  Flint. 

L.  J.  Smitherman,  Detroit. 

Robert  E.  Gilliland,  Montezuma. 

A.  N.  Hess,  Pearl. 

John  E.Morton,  Perry. 

T.  H.  Dimmitt,  Griggsville. 

Wm.  J   Ross,  Jr.,  Newburg. 

Samuel  Heavener,  Hardin, 

David  Hollis,  Spring  Creek. 


Pleasant  Vale,  Chairman. 

John  Vail,  Fairmount. 
Asahel  Iliuman,  New  Salem. 
J.  M.  Bush,  Pittsfield. 
David  Roberts,  Martinsbura:. 
Ale.x.  Hemphill,  Pleasant  Hill. 
Wm.  Grammar,  Hadley. 
Albert  Landrum,  Derry. 
Wm    Dust  in,  Atlas. 
Wm.  P.  Shields,  Barry. 
•John  G.  Wheelock,  Kinderhook. 

1866. 


James  H.  Dennis,  Chambersburg,  Chairman. 
William  Turnbull,  Flint.  James  M.  Ferry,  Pittsfield. 

L.  J.  Smitherman,  Detroit.  R.  A.  McClintock,  Martins])urg, 

George  Marks,  Montezuma.  A.  F.  Hemphill,  Pleasant  Hill. 


314 


IIISTORV    OF    IMKK    COUNTV. 


Joshua  lltiMA.H,  I'l-arl. 
John  E.  M   Hon.  I*rrr)'. 
T   II    Diminil".  (Jiimr^villo. 
Strotlitr  (jrii,'.sl)y.  N'L-wburj;;;. 
Divid  HolliH,  Spriit;^  Creek. 
Joliu  Vail,  Kairmoiint. 
John  I*ri-bk',  Nrw  SHlrin 


William  rJrHinmar.  Hadley. 
Alhcrt  Laii'lruiu,  Dcrry. 
J.  (i.  AtlaiuH,  Atlas. 
William  M.  P.  Shi«l<l9,  Harry. 
James  Wallaci",  PU-asaiit  Vale. 
U.  M.  Murray,  Kinderhook 


1S67. 


James  II.  I)<  (ini«  riiambcrHbiirg,  rA/iiri«rt/i. 


James  L.  Thompimn.  Flint. 
L.J.  S:niil.<i  man,  Dilroit 
John  ().  H  'ill,  .Mont" /.lima. 
Jooliua   II  ink-.,  IVarl. 
John  A.  Morion,  IVrry. 
Thomas  II.  Dimmitt,  (triggsvillv, 
Slrother  (Jriir-by,  Newburg. 
Jos.  (>.  Colvin,  llanlin. 
David  llolli*,  .Sjirin;;  Oeok. 
John   N'ail.  I'airtnonnt. 


.John  Preble,  New  Salem. 

(fi-..r,'.-  W  .|m!i,  ,,    Piit.slield 

Wiliiiiii  M    .M<(  liniiK-k,  M-irtinsburg. 

A    K.  llempiiill,  Pleasant  Hill. 

William  (irammar,  Hadley. 

Albert  Landrtim,  I)erry. 

J    (J.  Adams.  Alias 

.M.   Ulair.  Marry. 

IVrr.v  II    Davis.  Pl.asanl  Vale 

Tho!i»as  Ml  lii'ln-.  Kiuderliook . 


Jam>  s  II    DenniiiL,  Chambersburg,  CA^iirm/i/i. 

V/illiam  Anderson,  FliM  John  Pn-ble.  New  Sab  m 

John  \y    Allen.  Detroit  (Jeorije  W.  Jones,  Pillatleld 

Jaims  A    Brown.  Montezuma.  Jolin  .M<-llon    .M«rtin«biiri;. 

Jii>.hua  llank«.  Piarl.  William  (irHinmar,  Hadley. 

llarvev  Thornburx .  P<  rry.  Albert    Landrum.  Derry. 

T.  II.  biiuiii  II  (.Jriitcsville.  Montu'omery  Hlair,  Harry. 

Slrother'  Newburg  P.  il.  Davi"«,  Peasant  Vale. 

John  ('.  hiM^m-re,  IlanUn.  A.J.  Kovfll,  Plea.sant  Hill. 

F.J.  Hal  lord.  Sprini;  Creek.  J   <t    Adams.  Atlas 

John  Vail,  Fttirmoiint.  It   M     Murray,  Kinderh<x>k. 


18G9. 


(Jeorge  W  Jones, 

Jaiiio  II.  Dniiii!..  I  hamlwnsburg 

William  .VnibT'Oii.  Flint. 

John  Lyst4T.  Diiroii, 

James  \.  Brown,  Moii'-/itma. 

David  Hess,  Pearl. 

B.   L.  Matthews,  IVrrv 

Noah  Diviltii.ss,  Perr>' 

T.  H.  Diuimilt   ••      '        lie. 

B   F   We^il  ik.  .  N     . 

H.  C.  Lindsay.  Hardin. 

Frank  J.  HalTord,  Spring  Creek. 


Pitlstield,  Chair iiinn. 

T   .M  f'o"",  Fairmount. 
John  I'nbb  ,  New  Salein. 
Jc»H«-ph  Turnbauirli.  M  irlinsburg. 
J    B   Harl.  Pb-.i-ant   Hill. 
William  (Irammar,  Hadley. 
MalM-rry  Kvans,  Derry. 
A.   SimjikinH,  Alias. 
M  Barry. 

Pi:  >iit  Hill. 

John  Aron,  Kinderh<K)k. 


(ieorjif  W 

Lewis  Ham.  ChamlM'rsburg. 

William  .Vndi-rson.  Flint 

aamuel   Havden.  Detroit. 

James  A.  Brown.  Montezuma. 

George  W.  RoIm  rts.  Pearl 

B.  L   Matthews.  Perry. 

T.  H.  Dimmitt.  (tritfL'sville. 

Thompson  J.  Piilliam.  Newbur.;. 

Alvin  Petty.  Hnnlin. 

F.  J.  Halford,  Sprini:  Creek 


1870. 

Jones.  Pittsrteld,  f 

Taylor  M.  '  i   lirmount. 

John  Preble,  New  Salem. 
John  BriitJtin.  Martinsburg. 
A.J.  Lovell,  Pleasant  Hill. 
J.  W.  Burk<-.  Derry. 
William  Dustin.  .Ula-s. 
.M    Hlair,  B.trr>-. 
P.  H.  Davis,  Pleasant  Vale. 
John  Clutrh.  Kinderhook. 


■»»'■ 


^^Y^/y/^^^ 


DERf?Y   Tf 


i 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


317 


1871. 


George  W.  Jones, 
Lewis  Ilam,  Chambersburg. 
William  Anderson,  Flint. 
B.  AV.  Fiynn,  Detroit. 
James  A.  Brown,  Montezuma. 
George  W.  Roberts,  Pearl. 
Thomas  RL-ynoUls,  Perry. 
James  McWilliams.  Griggsville. 
T.  G.  Pulliam,  Newburg. 
Francis  Frve,  Hardin. 
T.  J.  Halford,  Spring  Creek. 


George  W.  Jones, 

Lewis  Ham,  Chambersburg. 
B.  W.  Flynn.  Detroit. 
William  T.  Du^dell,  Montezuma. 
G.  W.  Roberts,>earl. 
Thomas  Reynolds,  Perry. 
James  McWilliams,  Griggsville. 
Strother  Grigsby,  Newburg. 
Francis  Frye,  Hardin. 
David  Hollis,  Spring  Creek. 
William  Corey,  Fairmount. 


Pittsfield,  Chairman. 
William  Morrison,  Fairmount. 
John  Preble,  New  Salem. 
Hardin  Goodin,  Martinsburg. 
A.J.  Lovell,  Pleasant  Hill. 
William  Grammar,  Hadley. 
William  Dustiu,  Atlas. 
James  W.  Burke,  Derry. 
Calvin  Davis,  Barry. 
M.  D.  Massie,  Pleasaut  Vale. 
John  Clutch,  Kinderhook. 

1872. 

Pittsfield,  Chairman. 

John  Preble.  New  Salem. 
William  Fowler,  Martinsburg. 
A.  J.  Lovell,  Pleasant  Hill. 
William  Grammar,  Hadley. 
J.  W.  Burke,  Derry. 
William  Dustin,  Atlas. 
Calvin  Davis,  Barry. 
M.  D.  Massie,  Pleasant  Vale. 
John  Clutch,  Kinderhook. 


Lewis  Ham, 

David  Pyle,  Flint 
B.  W.  Flynn,  Detroit. 
Milton  Grimes,  Montezuma. 
George  W.  R  >berts,  Pearl. 
Thomas  Reynolds,  Perry. 
James  McWilliams,  Griggsville. 
P.  H.  Coo]ier,  Newburg. 
Wright  Hicks,  Hardin. 
F.  J.  Halford,  Spring  Creek. 
William  Corey,  Fairmount. 


1873. 

Pittsfield,  Chiirman. 

Addison  Cadwell,  New  Salem. 
Lewis  Dutton,  Pittsfield. 
William  Fowler,  Martinsburg. 
A.  J.  Lovell,  Pleasant  Hill. 
William  Grammar,  Hadley. 
Thomas  II.  Coley,  Derry. 
Josiah  Long,  Atlas. 
John  P.  Grubl),  Barry. 
John  Horn,  Pleasant  Vale. 
John  Clutch,  Kinderhook. 

1874. 


William  TurnbuU,  Flint. 
William  Dou^la.s,  Detroit. 
A.  J.  WorcesliT,  Montezuma. 
Andrew  N.  Hess,  Pearl. 
Thomas  Reynolds,  Perry. 
James  McWilliams,  Griggsville 
Nathan  Kelley,  Newburg. 
Wriglit  Hicks,  Hardin. 
C.  C.  Melton,  Spring  Creek. 
William  Corey,  Fairmount. 


James  H.  Dennis,  Chambersburg,  Chairman. 

Addison  Cadwell,  New  Salem. 
Lewis  Dutton,  Pittsfield. 
Francis  Fowler,  Martinsburg. 
A.  J.  Lovell,  Pleasant  Hill. 
William  Grammar,  Hadley. 
Maberry  Evans,  Derry. 
J.  G.  Adams,  Atlas. 
Calvin  Davis,  B  irry. 
John  B.  Horn,  Pleasant  Vale. 
John  Clutch,  Kinderhook. 


1875. 


William  B.  Grimes,  Pittsfield,  Chairman. 

J.  L.  Metz,  Chambersburg.  Addison  Cadwell,  New  Salem. 

Austin  Wade,  Flint.  Thomas  Aiton,  Martinsburg. 

Henry  Moler,  Detroit.  A.  J.  Lovell,  Pleasant  Hill 

•V.  J.  Worcester,  Montezuma.  William  Grammar,  Hadley, 

20 


31b 


HISIUKY    OK    riKK    ("OUNTV. 


D.  W.  Milltr,  Pfiirl. 
Thom:u>*  Ueyiiokls,  IV-rry 
James  MtWiHiiiins,  GriK^'Hville. 
J.  II.  Karrtiit;li>ii,  II:triliti 
('.  V.  M<lt.)ii,  Sitniig  Circk. 
U  H   McL'iughlin,  Fniriuoutit. 


Mttherry  Kvans,  Derry. 

J.  (f.  Adttins,  Atlas. 

Alex.  VVIiile.  Barry. 

M    I)   .Miissic,  I'leasMiit  Vale. 

Williitin  lio.-is,  Ncwlturg. 

U    M    Murrav,  Kinderliook. 


IhTG. 


A  .1.  \V<>rc-e«lcr,  Moiitt-zuina.  Chairman, 


Ml,.. 

■  irs.'. 
>j>riiij;  ('re«'k. 


.1    I..  Mitz,  CliHtnlH-niliurg. 

JoH)-pli  Wilwm,  Klinl 

lleiirv  Mojtr,  Detroit. 

(}.  W'  HolMTlH,  Pearl. 

Z.  Wad. .  I'.rrv 

(teoru'e  1*1 

V   I*.  ('Ii.i|. 

K  U   i'.ill<Mk. 

K   It   Mcl.titighliii,  K.iiriuount. 

AtMU'Mi  Cud  well.  N«'W  Salem. 

Wiu.  B.  tirimes,  I'ittiirteld. 


J    W. 
(toorpe  llaiu,  Cliainljeniburg. 
Jdsepli  WiUoii.  Flint. 
David  Sioiicr,  Drtr  )it. 
Ctiurles  K.  B'diii    .Moiitezuiua 
AN    !I.•*^  IVarl. 
Z.  Wii.lr,  I'erry 
IJcoriTv  I 'rat  I,  '  lie. 

('   I*.  ('Ii!i|>in:iii.    >         iirR. 
Wri;;lit  lliekii,  llartlin. 
W.  U   WiU.n.  Si.ri       ''-  ,  k 
U  B.  Mil.iughlin  II. I 


'riioiiiHs  Aiton,  .Miirtitisliurg. 
A  J.  Lovell.  I'leusam  Hill. 
William  (irammar,  Iladley. 
.Maberry  Kvans,  Derry.J 
Sumiirl  Tiivlor,  Atlasu 
W.  K   Willi.    Bury. 
It    M    Miiii:i\,  l\>nderli(Mtk. 
.loliii  W    Braiiiiiu-ll.  I'leasanl  Vale. 
J.  11.  Karriiigton.  Ilurdin. 
F.  A.  Douglas,  I.,«vfe. 

1877. 

Uiirke,  Derry.  i  ifiiriit,ii>. 

Addisnii  ('a»l\vell.  New  Salem. 
I.rwis  Dutloii,  l'ilt^n<-ld. 
Willium  Fowler,  .Marlinshiirp;. 
.lolin  S   l/K-kwoiHl,  I'ltiiBanl  Vale. 
William  (irammar   Iladley. 
Samuel  TavUir.  Atla..« 
W.  F   While.  Birry. 
F.  L.  Z.ralKrg.  I'leasiinl  Hill. 
R.  y\.  .Murray,  Kinderhuok. 
M;inU">  IIar«T\',  L<vee 


1878. 


Calvin  Davis. 

(tcorfre  Ilani.  Clinmbentburg. 

.liweph  Wilson.  Flini. 

W.  T.  Smilli.  D.tmit. 

('.  K   Boliii.  Moiitc/.uma. 

U  W.  lUdurt-N  IVarl. 

J.  W.  CJrim.-s.  Perry. 

Ikfirge  Pratt,  <;  'Me 

O  P  Chapmaii  irg. 

.1.  II.  lirittit).   Il.trdiu 

M.  W.  lto;;art.  Spring  Creek. 

I>ele  Eldtr.  Fairmount. 


Barry,  Chairman. 
.loliii  Preble.  New  Salem. 
I^-win  Dutlon.  Pillxfleld. 
P.  II.  Sulli\aii,  Martinshurg. 
A.  L.  (Jallowav.  I'l<a>ant  Mill. 
H.  h.  lladM-ll.'lIadley. 
T.  H.  C«»ley,  Derry. 
Samuel  Taylor,  .\tlas 
.1   .S,  l.<H-kwo<Ml.  PleHAant  Vale. 
Saiir  'lifMik. 

.Mar.        :.  . 


1879. 


J.  C.  Newton,  Chainbersburg. 
David  Pvle.  Flint. 

B.  W.  Fiynn.  Detroit. 

N.  1)  M   Kvans.  Montezuma. 

O.  W.  UoIktH.  IVarl. 

Z.  Wade.  Perry. 

(.Jeorge  Pratt.  "Grisgsville. 

C.  P  Chapman.  .Newburg. 
Georco  Main.  Hardin. 

C.  C.  .Melton,  Spring  Creek. 
Dele  Elder,  Fairmount. 


Abel  Dunham,  New  Salem. 

H   S.  M.*(l.  Pitt.Hfield. 

P.  II    Sullivan,  .Martinsburg 

A.  L.  Galloway.  Plea.sant  Hil 

(Jrrin  Caiupl>ell,  Iladley. 

T.  H.  O.ley.  Derry. 

C.  B.  Dustin.  Athis. 

E.  A.  Crandull,  Perrv. 

M.  D.  .Mas.sie.  Pleasant  Vale. 

John  Clutcii,  Kindefliook. 

Marcus  Hardy,  Levee. 


CHAPTER  X. 
J3LACK  HAWK  WAR. 

In  November,  1830,  50  or  60  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  tribes  of  Indians 
came  down  on  a  hnntint^  .excursion  and  camped  on  Bay  creek. 
These  tribes  at  that  time  were  living  on  Rock  river  in  tlie  northern 
jiHi't  of  the  State,  and  wished  oucemore^to  visit  tlie  scenes  of  their 
former  hunting-ground.  Some  little  trouble  occurred  between 
these  Indians  and  the  whites  on  account  of  the  disappearance  ot 
hogs  in  the  neighborhood.  The  settlers  turned  out  and  caught 
some  of  the  red  men,  tied  them  up  and  administered  to  them  severe 
flagellations  with  withes,  and  they  immediately  left  the  country, 
neVer,  with  one  or  two  exceptions,  to  return  in  a  body  to  Pike 
county.  This  episode  comes  as  near  to  anything  of  a  warlike  na- 
ture, especially  a  hostilg  collision  with  the  Indians,  as  any  that  we 
have  any  record  of  occuring  in  Pike  county. 

In  the  fall  of  1831  Black  Ilawk  and  liis  tribes  appeared  on  Rock 
river,  where  they  committed  several  petty  depredations.  The  set- 
tlers of  Kock  River  and  vicinity  ]»etitioned  (lov.  Reynolds  for  aid, 
stating  that  '*  Last  fall  the  J>lack  Hawk  band  of  Indians  almost  de- 
stroyed all  of  our  crops,  and  made  several  attacks  on  the  owners 
when  they  attem])ted  to  ])revent  their  depredations,  and  wounded 
one  man  by  actually  stabbing  liim  in  several  ])laces.  This  spring 
they  acted  in  a  more  outrageous  and  menacing  manner."  This  })e- 
tition  rej)resented  that  thei-e  were  600  or  700  Indians  among  them: 
it  was  signed  by  35  or  40  persons.  Another  petition  sets  forth  that 
"  The  Indians  pasture  their  horses  in  our  wheat-flelds,  shoot  our 
cows  and  cattle  and  threaten  to  burn  our  houses  over  our  heads  if 
we  do  not  leave."  Other  statements  place  the  Indians  at  not  more 
than  300. 

According  to  these  petitions,  Gov.  Reynolds  in  May.  1831,  called 
for  700  mounted  men.  Beardstown  v/as  the  designated  ])lace  of 
rendezvous,  ;ind  such  were  the  svmriathv  and  coura<re  of  the  settlers 
that  the  numberofterino'  themselves  was  nearly  three  times  the  nurn- 
her  called  out.  Thev  left  Rushville  for  Rock  Island  June  15,  1831 ; 
and  on  the  3<»th  of  the  same  month,  in  a  council  held  for  the  ])ur- 
pose.  Black  Hawk  and  27  chiefs  and  warriors  on  one  part,  and  (icn. 
Edmund  P.  Gaines,  of  the  U.  S.  army,  and  John  Reynolds,  Gov- 


320  HIST(tRV    «iK    riKK    COUNTY. 

eniMi- ot"  llliiioit;,  on  the  DtlicT  j»:irt,  si^iK'il  n  treaty  of  |>eaee  and 
frienclt?hi|>.  This  capitiihitiori  Itouml  thi'  IiKliaiiis  to  ;jo  and  renjain 
wefit  of  the  Missit^sippi  river. 

In  Aj)ril,  ls;32,  in  tlirect  vii»lati()n  of  tiie  treaty  aliove  referred  to, 
lihiek  Ilawk,  witii  ©unie  o(M)  followers,  appeared  a^'ain  njtt>n  the  i^eene 
of  action,  a?id  fear  and  exeitenient  t^jireail  throii<;h  the  len^^th  and 
breadth  of  the  State,  To  a;jain  drive  iheni  from  the  State,  Gov. 
Reynold.-^  called  on  the  Militia  April  10,  1832. 

TK001*S  RAISED  IN    riKKCOUNTV. 

No  sooner  had  viduntecrs  been  called  for  than  every  comity  and 
settlement  throu<;hont  this  portion  of  the  State  promptly  re8j»onded. 
Nowhere,  however,  was  such  alacrity  shown  in  answerin;^  the 
call  as  in  I*ike  conntv.  The  hearts  of  the  stnrtlv  pioneers  were 
easily  touched  l»y  the  stories  of  depredations  by  the  Indians.  Thche 
stories  were  doubtless  greatly  e.xa^j^erated,  yet  the  frontiersmen 
who  knew  tl»e  subtlety  and  treacliery  of  the  red  men  well  knew 
ihoy  Could  not  l>e  trusted;  and  almost  any  crime  was  e.\|)ected  of 
them. 

Col.  Wm.  lioss,  then  Captain  of  the  Pike  County  Militia  Com- 
pany, received  word  from  the  Governor  on  Friday,  the  2()th,  and 
he  immediately  issued  tlie  following  : 

"  Company  Okdkiim. — Tlie  vi>luntoer  comp»ny  of  Piko  rounty  will  mwt  at  Atliw, 
on  MoikIjiv.  tlif  •.*;{<!  iii-t  ,  n-mly  ti>  tuke  up  tlicir  luiin  h  l>y  sunriHr,  except  >ui  li 
p«rt  of  tin-  t  iiiiipiuiy  a-  .in-  livinjj  <>ii  tlir  vm-l  >\'\r  <>{'  ^i\i\  cminly.  wliicli  null  will 
iiU'tt  iJio  rompiinv  lit  tin-  house  of  Willitiin  Hriiiiiaii.NlKtut  f<»ur  iniicH  this  side  of 
I'liillip's  Firrv,  on  the  Hume  «liiy,  nil  witli  h  >;«mkI  h<>nie,  and  rifle,  powderhorn, 
half  |>oun(l  ol'  powder,  and  one  liiindred  hallH,  with  tiiree  days'  proviHions.  Tiir 
coiiunandini:  olllrtr  of  Hitid  compuiiy  liattcn>  hiuiHelf  that  every  man  will  )h- 
prompt  lo  hi-  duly. 

(Sij;nc<l.]  W   IloR8,  Cnpt.  Ut  Rifles,  Pike  Co. 

"Ai.ril    I'si-J-' 


riie  Captain  then  called  ui)on  iJenj.  Jiarney  at  his  Idacksmitli 
shop  an<l  told  him  of  the  nature  of  the  order  he  ha«l  received,  and 
for  him  to  forthwith  mount  a  horse  an<l  htart  out  to  notify  the  set- 
tlers to  assemble  immediately.  Mr.  IJarney  was  engaged  at  iii? 
forge  at  the  time,  making  a  plow;  but  he  straightway  laid  down 
hammer  .iml  tongs,  untied  his  leathern  apron,  left  his  tire  to 
snu'Ider  and  die,  and  started  immediately  upon  his  missittn.  lie 
first  went  to  a  man  ut  tlie  mouth  of  I'lue  creek  ;  from  thence  he 
made  a  circuit  of  the  county,  a|>pealing  to  all  to  assemble  at  Atlas 
without  delay.  He  tells  us  that  almost  all  of  them  left  their  work 
and  startt'd  immediately. 

The* men  having  assembled  at  Atlas,  the  martial  band  began  to 
discourse  lively  music  to  stir  the  |>atriotism  of  the  militia-men 
to  a  liigh  pitch  so  that  they  would  enli.-t  for  the  service.  The 
music  did  not  seem  to  "enthuse '*  them  with  as  great  a  desire  to 
enlist  as  their  leaders  iiad  anticipated.  Something  more  potent 
must  be  had;  so  two  buckets  of  whisky  were  summoned   to  their 


HIpTOKV    <'K    IMKK    C<"l'.NTY.  321 

aid;  tlie  men  were  tonned  in  two  lines  facinii:  cacli  (itlier,  and  wide 
enoui^h  apart  to  admit  of  two  men  walking;  up  and  down  the  line 
between  them,  Capt.  Ross  and  Lieut.  Seele.y  started  down  the  line, 
each  with  a  bucket  of  liquor;  two  boys  followed  with  water,»and 
then  came  tlie  music.  It  was  understood  that  those  who  would 
fall  in  after  the  music  would  enlist  for  service.  By  tJie  time  the 
third  round  was  made  100  men  were  in  line,  whicli  was  even  more 
than  the  quota  of  this  county  under  that  call.  AVm.  Ross  was 
elected  ('a])tain  and  Benj.  Barney,  1st  Lieutenant.  The  CMmjjany 
adjourned  to  meet  at  Griggsville  on  the  followin<jj  day  at  10  o'clock 
A.  M.  The  men  went  to  their  liomes  in  various  ])arts  of  the  county 
to  notity  their  families  of  their  enlistment  and  to  make  sli^^l^t 
preparations  for  their  joui-ney.  "We  are  told  that  with  four  or  five 
exceptions,  and  those  lived  along  the  Illinois  river,  every  man  was 
at  (xriggsville  by  sunrise  on  the  day  a]>pointed. 

The  company  then  started  for  Beardstown,  the  place  of  rend*  z- 
vous  for  the  troops  in  this  part  of  the  State.  The  Illinois  river 
was  very  high  and  much  ditiiculty  was  experienced  in  crossing  it. 
The  ferry  would  carry  but  six  horses  at  a  time;  and  while  waiting 
for  transportation  the  horses  stood  in  mud  up  to  their  knees.  It 
was  a  gloomy  titne  and  they  had  no  liquor  with  which  to  cheer  u]) 
the  new  volunteers.  Ca))t.  Ross  was  among  the  first  to  cross  over, 
while  Lieut.  Barney  remained  with  the  men  upon  the  western  bank. 
Great  dissatisfaction  was  being  manifested  by  the  men  under  Lieut. 
Barney,  who  were  waiting  in  the  mud  and  water  to  cross  the  river, 
all  of  whom  did  not  get  over  until  11  o'clock  that  night.  Lieut. 
Barney  sent  word  to  Capt.  Ross  to  forward  him  a  jug  of  whisky. 
This  was  done  ;  a  fire  was  built,  striking  it  by  the  Hint  locks  of 
their  guns:  the  whisky  was  distributed,  and  once  more  the  troops 
were  in  good  spirits  and  ready  for  any  hardship. 

The  Pike  county  troops  arrived  at  Beardstown  the  next  day,  be- 
ing the  first  compau}''  to  reach  that  point.  The  Governor  and  some 
of  the  leading  officers  were  already  there.  It  was  found  that  the 
Pike  county  company  was  too  large;  it  accordingly  was  divided 
and  formed  into  two  companies.  Lieut.  Barney  was  chosen  Cap- 
tain of  one  of  these,  and  Josepli  Petty,  Captain  of  the  other. 
James  Ross  was  elected  1st  Lieutenant  of  Capt.  Petty's  comj)any, 
and  a  Mr.  Allen,  of  Capt.  Barney's  company.  Capt.  Koss  was 
chosen  Colonel  and  aid  of  tlie  commanding  General.  It  was  he 
who  appointed  Abraham  Lincoln,  our  martyr  President,  to  the 
Ca])taincy  of  one  of  the  Sangamon  county  companies  in  this  war. 

The  troops  marched  from  Beardstown  to  Rock  Island,  where 
they  were  mustered  into  the  United  States  service  by  (i-en.  Zachary 
Taylor.  At  P^ort  Armstrong,  which  was  at  that  point,  there  were 
then  only  about  50  United  States  troops.  The  Pike  county  volun- 
teers, with  others,  then  marched  up  toward  Dixon  on  Rock  river, 
the  course  the  Indians  had  taken.  They  followed  them  for  some 
days,  but  di<l  not  ovei'take  them  or  encounter  them  in  any  engage- 
ment.     During   the   entire  campaign    the    Pike  county  trooj's  di<l 


322  IlIBTORY    OF    PIKK    COl'NTY. 

iu>t  iiit'C't  the  foe  in  Icitile  aniiv;  not  a  leaden  hall  was  shot  at  any 
o\'  thet^o  men  diirin;;  the  50  davs  they  were  out.  Dnriii;;  this  tinjc 
they  nil:  short  ot  provisions,  and  sent  to  Chica«jo,  hut  in  that  pres- 
ent ^reat  city,  where  niillionb  uf  ho<;s  are  8lau;;htere<l  annually  ami 
the  irreatest  ;;rain  market  in  the  worhl  exists,  they  could  not  ^'et  a 
itarrel  id"  pork  or  id  lluur.  The  Pike  county  volunteer^  then  went 
to  Ottawa  amd  shared  with  some  troops  at  tliat  point.  They  oi) 
tidneil  rations  encm^h  there  to  last  them  about  three  (hiys,  when 
they  manhod  on  down  the  river  to  the  raj>i<ls,  where  there  was  a 
hoat  lilled  with  I'niled  States  jirovisioiis.  There  they  «lrew  rations 
for  their  h(»meward  march,  ("apt.  Harney  drew  seven  days'  rations 
fv»r  his  ujen,  hut  Capt.  Petty  thou;;ht  tiu'V  wouhi  ^et  home  in  three 
or  four  days,  so  oidy  dn-w  four  days'  rations,  much  to  the  retire t  of 
the  hunijry  stomachs  of  his  men.  as  it  t«»ok  them  lonjj;er  to  ^et 
home  than  he  had  anticipateil.  The  privates  of  tins  call  received 
$S  a  month,  and  were  paid  cdt'  that  tail  by  United  States  ap^Mite, 
wiio  came  to  Atlus. 

TMK  STAMl'KDK. 

• 

While  ill  tiie  northern  j>art  of  the  State  four  regiments  of  troops 
camped  to;,'ether,  union;?  whom  were  the  men  from  this  county. 
They  forme<l  a  hollow  s«juare,  uj)on  the  inside  of  which  wore  the 
otlicers'  tents.  The  horses,  about  l,Oi'0  in  number,  were  guarded 
in  a  corral  outside  of  the  S(juare.  In  the  dead  hour  of  ni^ht,  when 
not  a  li^ht  reitiained  burning,  and  the  slow  tread  of  the  faithful 
sentinel  was  the  onlv  sound  lli:it  l»roke  the  silence,  the  horses 
be<'ame  frii^hleiied  ami  stam|H'iled.  In  the  wildest  ra;;e  they  dashed 
forward,  whither  they  knew  not  ;  they  headed  toward  the  camp  of 
slumU'rin;;  soldiers,  and  in  all  the  mad  fury  of  fri;;htened  brutes 
they  thished  forward  (»ver  cannon,  tents  and  men,  wounding  several 
of  the  latter  <iuiti«  severely.  The  troops  heard  their  coining  and 
supp(«sed  each  wild  steed  was  ridden  by  a  wilder  and  less  humane 
redskin  ;  the  treacherous  and  subtle  toe  was  iiumientarily  expected 
and  the  frightened  men  thoUi,'ht  tiiey  were  now  c(»min^  tlown  nj)on 
them.  They  had  all  heard  of  the  ni^ht  attack  u)>on  the  ran^^-rs  at 
the  famous  battle  of  Tippecanoe,  and  feared  a  rcpetitio'.i  td"  that 
nii;ht's  bloody  wt»rk.  Capt.  liarney,  with  ijiiickness  of  thought  and 
military  skill,  in  a  loud  vtdce  gave  orders  for  his  men  to  form  at 
the  rear  of  their  tents,  lie  hallooed  lustily,  and  when  he  went  up 
and  tluwn  the  line  feeling  his  way  he  found  every  man  in  his  jdaee. 
The  commanding  «»fHcers  hearing  the  Captain's  orders  and  knowing 
there  wtuild  be  safety  with  his  company  if  anywhere,  ran  to  him. 
Fortunately  the  hort-es  were  riderless,  which  was  soon  <liscovered, 
and  then  the  frightened  men  began  joking.  Col.  iJe  AVitt  joked 
Capt.  IJarney  considerably  about  his  halloi»ing  so  loud,  when  Gen. 
Taylor  spoke  up  and  said  he  was  glad  the  Captain  was  so  ))roinpt 
to  give  orders  for  his  men  totVrm,  as  it  showed  a  soldierly  disjiosi- 
tion  ;  besides,  it  let  him  know  where  he  might  go  for  safety. 

A  third  company  subsequently  went  from  Pike  county  under 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    CODNTY.  323 

Capt.  Hale  ami  Lieut.  David  Seeley  :  about  50  men  coiujjosed  this 
company  of  mounted  riliemen.  Tliej  enlisted  for  three  months 
and  partiei])ated    in  the  iamous  battle  of  Bad-Ax. 

The  jteojile  of  this  county  were  not  disturbed  by  the  Indians  at 
this  time,  but  so  timid  were  they  tliat  tliey  were  easily  fri<Thtened. 
The  following  incident  is  related  bv  Samuel  Clark,  of  Kinder- 
hook  township.  In  1832,  durin(]f  the  Black  Hawk  war,  a  man 
while  passing  a  neighbor's  house  heard  the  cries  of  a  child  who  was 
in  the  house.  He  su]>])Osed  the  Indians  were  within  committing 
their  Ibul  deeds,  and  accordingly  raised  the  alarm  that  the  Indians 
were  there  murdering  all  tlie  members  of  the  family,  and  every- 
body who  came  that  way.  This  created  the  greatest  consternation 
in  the  settlement,  for  the  people  liad  heard  of  the  l)loody  deeds 
committed  upon  the  settlers  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State. 
The  settlers  fled  for  safety.  Some  went  to  the  fort,  others  ran 
hither  and  thither  they  knew  not  where.  One  very  large  flesliy 
woman  mounted  a  horse  and  rode  in  the  direction  of  the  fort  at  full 
speed.  She  came  to  a  ditch  about  ten  feet  wide  and  as  many  feet 
deep;  the  horse  halted,  but  she  urged  him  to  jump,  which  he  did 
at  great  peril,  but  fo)'tunately  landed  safely  on  the  opposite  side. 
After  the  people  had  become  quite  exhausted  with  running  they 
learned  that  no  Indians  were  near,  l)ut  that  tlie  yells  came  from  the 
child  because  his  father  was  chastising  it. 


(MIAITKU  \I. 

CKIMINAL  KK(M)i:i). 

INTRODl'CrroKY. 

Since  tlif  t\Vi»  Iiuliaiis,  Sli(jiiwoniiekuk  iiiulPeineriHii,  wciv  imlicted 
for  murder,  there  have  l>een  41  other  iinlictmeuts  tor  this  ^ravo 
eriine  returned  hy  the  ^raiid  juries  (•!'  Pike  county,  many  of  which 
included  more  than  t>ne  imlividual.  This  represj-nts  a  ion;^  ami 
bjitudy  calendar,  a  stain  tlial  every  «^uud  citizen  wuujd  liave  l»l<ttted 
out  were  it  possihle.  It  has  been  made  by  the  blood  of  many  vic- 
tims, dyed  in  crimson  never  to  be  erased,  and  we  only  record  what 
has  occurred.  Who  can  picture  the  a^ony  of  heart,  the  remorse, 
the  an^ui.^h  ot!mind,  to  say  luithin^  ot'  the  physi'  al  pains  caused 
by  these  bloody  deeds  ?  Both  the  victim  and  iiis  tVieiuls,  its  well  as 
the  perjK'trator  of  the  crime,  have  suffered  untold  misery. 

Often  has  the<lea<lly  weapon  l)Cen  bnuij^ht  into  use  o!i  the  slii^lit- 
est  pretext.  A  moment  after  he  liatl  taken  the  life  of  his  victim 
and  he  had  realize^!  that  his  hands  were  stained  with  the  life-blood 
of  a  fellow  man,  the  per|K;trator  of  thedeed  would  have  ^iven  everv- 
thiui;  he  pit'Sessed  or  ever  hope*!  for,  aiul  in  some  cases  life  itself, 
c^>uld  he  but  recall  the  dee«l;  but  »las  I  it  ii?  done,  never  to  l»e 
uncloiie.  The  feeling  has  not  bien  thus  in  every  instance  where 
the  bloody  victim  fell  at  the  feet  of  the  man-slayer,  but  fretjuently 
so.  Sometimes  the  joy  was  great  when  he  who  sent  the  <leadly 
messeijo^er  saw  its  work  well  done. 

Anion:;  this  lon<;  catalogue  of  criminals  only  one  has  ever  suffer- 
ed the  extreme  penalty  of  the  law,  and  most  of  them  have  had  light 
punishment.  We  be;;in  with  the  first  juTson  indicted  for  murder, 
ami  ^ive  every  indictment  duriiii;  the  county's  existence.  There 
are  a  multitude  of  cases  of  munler  or  manslaughter  of  which  we 
make  no  mention,  as  no  indictments  were  made  for  want  of  suffi- 
cient evidence. 

Pemesan  and  Shonwetm^kek. 
(Two  Indians.) 

These  Indians  were  indicted  Oct.  2,  1821,  at  the  very  first  terra 
of  Court  held  in  Pike  countv,  for  the  murder  of  a  Frenchman.    The 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    CODNTY.  325 

evidence  showing,  liowever,  tliut  the  eliootin*;  of  the  deceased  was 
more  an  act  of  carelessness  than  of  premeditated  murder,  the 
next  morning  tlie  jury  returned  a  verdict  for  manshiughter  on  the 
part  of  Pemesan,  or  "  Traveler,"  and  that  Shonwennekek,  or  "  Spice- 
hn>li,"  was  not  guilty.  Tiie  Court  had  assigned  Daniel  P.  Took 
and  Polemon  II.  Winchester  as  counsel  for  the  Indians,  and  John 
Shaw  and  Jean  Baptist  Patelle  were  the  sworn  interpreters.  No 
attorney  for  the  people  api)ears  on  record,  but  of  course  there  must 
have  l)een  sucli  an  officer  ])resont.  U  ai)])rars  that  these  Indians 
were  out  hunting  one  day,  and  when  the  Frenchman  suddenly  ap- 
peared in  view  in  the  distance  they  took  him  to  he  a  deer  or  some 
other  animal,  and  Pemesan  immediately  tired  antl  killed  him.  No 
sooiitM*  was  this  done  than  they  discovered  their  mistake,  and  Shon- 
wennekek proposed  that  they  run  away;  but  Pemesan  argued  that 
as  it  was  an  accident  the  whites  would  do  them  no  harm.  There- 
upon they  immediately  surrendered  themselves  to  a  magistrate. 
Pemesan's  punishment  was  a  tine  of  25  cents  and  imprisonment 
for  24  liours.  lie  accoidingly  paid  the  tine  and  served  out  his  sen- 
tence in  a  rail  pen  which  was  guarded  for  the  occasion. 

Ch'frles  Collins^  James  Whitly,  Alfred  Miller  and  James 

Stockton. 

These  parties  were  indicted  for  murder  Maj',  2,  1843,  but  after 
their  case  was  contiiuied  from  term  to  term  with  hopes  of  arresting 
them,  they  were  never  found. 

Win  sh  ip  Moreto  ^i 

was  indicted  Sept.  10,  1841,  but  the  following  April  his  case 
was  stricken  from  the  docket. 

John  Bartholomew^  et  al. 

were  indicted  April  5,  1S4S,  for  the  murder  of  John  Crewson, 
or  Crnson,  near  the  Mississippi  river  a  few  days  preceding  (March 
29),  while  tiie  latter  was  hauling  a  log  for  the  rafting,  lie  was 
shot  beside  his  team.  The  others  indicted  with  Bartholomew  were 
Benj.  Chouls  and  John  Stipp.  The  two  latter  took  a  change  of 
venue  to  Adams  county,  where  a  nolle  prosequi  was  entered  April 
2,  1S40.  Ijartholomew's  case  was  continued  from  term  to  term 
until  Sept,  12,  1853,  when  it  was  stricken  from  the  docket. 

John   McGayre 

was  indicted  Sept.  5,  1849,  for  the  murder  of  Wm.  Bennett  near 
Phillip's  Ferry,  Sept.  1,  preceding.  That  day  McGuyre  went  to 
the  house  of  Mr.  Pease  where  Mr.  Bennett  was  and  urged  him  to 
go  gunning,  but  which,  Ijy  the  solicitation  of  Mr.  Pease,  he  declined 
doing.  McGuyre  left  and  returned  about  sun-down,  when  Pease  and 
Bennett  were  eating  their  supper,  who  invited  him  to  partake  ;  he 


32G  JIISTOKY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

refused,  siiyiii^,  "Ci — d  d  -u  }'»iul  1  am  timl  waiting  tor  vuii  ami 
am  goin^  to  slioot  you  now."  He  inimetliately  liied  a  load  ot'lmck- 
shot,  wliich  struck  Bennett  in  the  face,  killing  hini.  McGuyre 
commenced  reloading  his  gun  with  the  didarcd  intention  of  kill- 
ing I*«a.se,  hut  the  latter  made  his  escape  and  raised  the  alarm. 
Alc(iiiyri'  lan  away  hut  was  arrested  on  the  Gth  and  taken  heloit' 
tlie  Ciruuit  Court  then  in  session,  and  at  first  pleaded  giiilty  ;  hut 
after  the  consequence  of  such  a  plea  was  explained  to  him,  he  pleaded 
not  ;;uiltv,  and  for  want  of  time  his  cast-  was  continued  to  the 
next.term  ot"  Oourt.  McCiuyrc  hroke  jail  twice:  the  first  time  lie 
WHS  caught  at  McCJee's  creek,  in  crossing  which  lie  canie  very 
near  heing drowned,  and  the  second  time  he  got  «>ut  through  the 
wall,  a  stone  lipviiij;  hccn  removed  hv  the  ai*!  of  friends  outside. 
This  was  effected  without  awaking  a  family  which  was  asleep  di- 
rectly ahove.  He  has  never  heen  retaken,  and  his  case  was  finally 
stricken  from  the  docket  with  leave  to  reinstate. 

Oi'onje   Keiftersoti 

was  indicted  i<'i  nmiuei  March  iiO,  IS.M.  Imt  for  some  reason  was 
nevir  hrou</lit  to  trial. 

was  indicted  Oct.  11,  Ih."»l,  and  he  also  was  never  tried. 

Preston  F.  (rrores 

was  indicted  March  *23.  1853,  for  the  murder  of  liohert  (jut,  ahout 
6  mihb  east  of  I*ittstield.  l>oth  tiiese  parties  were  married  men 
and  tre(|uentetl  a  house  of  ill  repute,  (irovcs  was  tried  and  ac<juit- 
ted  March  28,  1853. 

Jonathan    li'.  /Intchinsftn. 

""  This  man  was  indicted  N»»v,  27,  1854,  tor  killing  Franci^  I'- 
Wells  in  IJrown  county.  A  change  of  venue  had  heen  taken  from 
that  County,  Ids  cjiso  wa»  trie<l  at  I'itt^fiL•Id,  aTul  after  the  jury  was 
"It  several    days   it   hniUglit   in   a  verdict  of  not  guilty,  Sept.    18, 


oil 
1855 


I/u(//i    W.    Wnn 


was  indicted  Sept.  14,  1855,  for  manslaughter  ;  about  a  fortnight 
afterward  his  hail  was  forfeited  hy  his  escape  and  his  case  was 
never  brought  to  trial. 

Jam  eft  Da  nit  Is 

was  accused  of  killing  Newton  Soules  in  Callioun  county  in  a 
saloon.  Soules  had  i»nrned  his  hair  previously.  Daniels  was  in- 
dicted in  the  Pike  county  Court  Sept.  12,  ls.'>»f :  hut  Aug.  5.  Is59. 
his  case  was  discontinued. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  327 

Stephen  Cole  ct.  al. 

were,  according  to  the  record,  indicted  for   iiuirder  ]\Iarch  0,  1857« 
In  this  suit  it  seems  that  no  parties  were  ever  brought  to  trial. 

Robert  Ellis. 

This  criminal  was  indicted  April  14,  1860,  for  the  murder  of 
Benj.  F.  AVade,  Dec.  23  preceding,  a  little  west  of  Detroit.  Wade 
broke  Ellis'  whisky  bottle  and  a  (piarrel  ensued  which  resulted  in 
the  fatal  affray  in  the  yard  of  i'l'ancis  Phillips.  Ellis  stabbed 
Wade  with  a  large  pocket-knife.  Ellis  pleaded  not  guilty  but  was 
convicted  of  manslaughter  Nov.  24,  1860,  and  sentenced  to  one  year 
in  the  penitentiary. 

Edw'm  C.  Hendrick. 

This  party  was  indicted  Aug.  10,  1860,  for  poisoning  to  death 
Emeline  Amanda  Hendrick.  lie  pleaded  not  guilty,  was  tried, 
and,  after  the  jury  had  two  days'  consultation,  he  was  acquitted. 

James  Likes,  Simofi  Likes,  Lyman  Likes,  Philip  Neal,  Christo- 
jpher  Neal  and  Wm.  Bothwick. 

The  indictment  in  this  case,  Tsov.  23,  1860,  was  for  the  murder 
of  Samuel  Macumber,  an  innocent  man  about  65  years  of  age, 
living  in  Barry  townshi}>,  and  who  was  killed  Oct.  23,  1860.  The 
parties  set  upon  their  victim  in  cold  blood  and  killed  him  with 
clubs  and  stones.  Macumber  was  a  Baptist  minister,  who  had 
married  the  mother  of  the  Neals,  and  it  was  alleged  that  he  mal- 
treated her  in  some  way.  After  trial  all  the  indicted  parties  were 
acquitted  Dec.  8,1860,  excei)t  Christopher  Neal,  who  was  convicted 
of  manslaughter  and  sentenced  for  life,  and  James  Likes  was 
acquitted  tlie  ne.\t  term  of  Court. 

Thomas  J ()Jnison,Fieldhig  Johnson,  John  Hopkins,  Andrew  J. 
Winsor,  Mary  Pearson,  Julia  Bell,  Anyeline  Bell  and  Hampton 
Winsor. 

These  parties  were  indicted  during  the  spring  term  of  Court  in 
1863,  for  the  murder  of  Andrew  J.  Pearson,  in  Flint  township. 
The  victim,  a  farmer,  was  found  murdered  by  hanging,  and  robbed. 
November  IS,  1862,  Pearson  started  tVom  liis  house  in  search  of 
some  of  his  stock.  Night  came  on  and  he  did  not  return.  Suspicion 
was  aroused,  inquiries  and  search  were  made,  and  finally  his  body 
was  found  in  a  ravine,  a  half  mile  from  home,  covered  np  with 
leaves,  brush,  etc. :  two  hundred  dollars  in  money  had  been  taken 
from  his  jierson.  The  robbers  also  went  to  his  house,  and,  finding 
no  one  at  home,  they  entered  itand  took  about  seventy  dollars  more, 
which  they  found  in  a  bureau.  They  then  took  a  good  horse  and 
decajiiped.     Of  the  above  parties,  some  were  directly  accused  i)y  the 


328 


lllS-luKY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY 


iiitlicttnoiit,  sotno  iini)lea(le<l  with  tliciu,  uiul  sovonuices  were  ob- 
tiiiiietl.  S'liiie  of  tlieiii  were  <les|»eriitloes  iVuiii  Missouri ;  some  of 
the  parties  took  a  chanj^e  of  venue  to  Brown  county.  Tiio  result 
of  the  whole  proseoution  was,  that  Thomas  Johnson  mul  .Fohn  Hop- 
kins were  eonvietiMlof  manshmirhtor  April  27,  180:{.  ami  sentenced 
for  lite;  Fiel<lin::.I<»hnson  was  convietetl  of  the  same  ami  sentenced 
for  20  years,  and  the  rest  were  discharged. 

During  the  trial  the  i^uilty  criminals  pleaded  guilty  of  man- 
slaiigliti'r.  confes-'ini;  as  follows:  They  live<l  in  Nfissoiwi,  were 
rebels  in  I'orter'sarmv,  which  snbsi'tiuentlv  disijanded.  Thev  worked 
several  ilays  f<»r  a  neighbor  of  Pearson's  iiamrd  Dimmitt,  an<l  spent 
several  evenings  at  Mr.  I*earson's  house.  Tiiis  man  and  his  wife. 
Mary  (imj)leaded  abovi-t,  frecpiently  <juarreled.  The  night  previous 
to  the  murder  thev  had  an  unusuallv  wicked  altercation,  after  which 
Mrs.  I',  went  into  a  fit.  After  coming  out  she  told  the  accused 
that  if  thev  would  kill  IVarson  slie  wouUlgivo  them  a  horse.  The 
girls,  Julia  and  Auirelim'  Hell,  lier  daughters  by  a  former  huhband, 
also  expresseil  the  wish  that  they  should  kill  him.  The  next  morn- 
ing they  invited  I*e.'irs<Mi  out  for  a  walk  and  told  him  they  were 
going  to  hang  hiuK  lie  siid  he  did  not  blame  them.  Two  of  them 
held  him  »ip  while  the  ot  ler  adjusted  the  rope.  He  <lid  not  resist  nor 
struggle.  After  he  was  dead  they  took  sixty  dollars  fnnn  hisjtocket, 
carried  it  to  the  house  ami  re|K»rted  what  they  iiad  d<>ne.  All  were 
rejoiced  and  gave  the  prisoners  tun  dollars  apiece,  Mrs.  Pearson 
^ave  them  a  liof«e,  asking  them  not  to  l)etray  her,  and  they  started 
or  MissiMiri.  The  daugliters  a^ked  ft)r  and  received  a  lock  of  their 
hair  for  mementoes,  and  a  parting  kiss. 

The  young  men  were  not  over  twenty  years  of  age,  «iid  not  look 
like  criminals,  and  were  said  to  be  respectfully  connected. 

John    M.  J'urkiand  Ilenrtj  C.  Price. 

These  partie.5  were  indicted  Apr.  1>5,  lSf>4,  for  the  murder  of  Peter 
(.•.  Staats,  an  <>ld  settler  of  Hadlcy  township,  on  the  road  between 
New  Salem  and  -Nfaysvillo.  Staats  was  twice  shot  in  the  back,  one 
Itall  coming  out  at  the  breast.  The  accu8e«l  took  a  change  of  venue 
to  Adams  countv  and  were  finallv  ac(iuitted. 

George  Crow,  alias  Hostile^ 

was  indicted  April  lit.  1>>04,  for  the  murder  of  a  Mr.  (iard. 
Mav  21,  followiiiir.  he  broke  iail,  and  the  shooting  necessarv  to  his 
capture  June  11,  in  Greene  county,  resulted  in  his  death  the  next 
dav  in  iail. 

Axiistin  and  Ahrahim  Stevens 

were,  according  to  the  records,  indicted  April  19,  1804,  for  murder, 
but  it  appears  that  there  was  never  any  trial  of  the  case. 


I 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  329 

W/n.  W.  Moore  and  J.  S.  Wilson 

were  indicted  the  same  day  lor  beiiia;  accessory  after  the  fact  of  the 
murder.  Tliey  moved  their  case  to  Brown  county,  and  from  the 
evidence  elicited  it  ap]>eiirs  that  youui^  i\ro(jre,  only  sixteen  years 
of  age,  luid  killed  Jolm  Zift',  living  near  Pittstirld.  Mr.  Moore's 
father  and  Zitt'  Ifad  a  dispute  about  some  wood  which  Moore  had 
been  cutting  on  land  which  Ziti'  claimed  and  which  Moore  liad 
rented.  Ziff  struck  Moore  witli  an  ax,  knocking  him  down  and 
then  stain[)ing  upon  him.  Tlie  lad  seeing  his  father  in  this  condi- 
tion, ran  up  and  struck  Ziti'  a  blow  upon  the  top  of  his  head  with 
the  edjre  of  an  ax,  thus  literally  cleaving  his  head  clear  to  his 
shoulders. 

S'lmuel  Evans  and  Matthew  Gllm,ei\  Gilmore^or  Gilman' 

These  men  were  indicted  Nov.  29,  1861,  for  killing  Cornelius 
Myers,  Evans  being  a  resident  of  Montezuma.  They  broke  jail,  and 
after  several  months  Evans  was  recaj)tured  in  Tennessee.  lie  took  a 
change  of  venue  to  Brown  county,  where  he  was  convicted  of  man- 
slaughter and  sentenced  for  twelve  years  in  the  State  prison.  There 
he  became  insane,  and  after  his  release  he  stole  a  horse,  was  ar- 
rested, and  while  in  jail  his  insanity  became  so  marked  that  he  was 
finally  sent  to  the  asylum  at  Jacksonville. 

Ch/is.  Brummell  or  Brumhle^  etc. 

This  rascal,  whose  name  was  spelled  half  a  dozen  different  ways, 
was  indicted  March  15,  1860,  for  the  murder  of  Edward  Garrison, 
of  New  Canton.  The  fatal  deed  was  perpetrated  by  stabbing  the 
victim  with  a  pocket-knife,  Sept.  19,  186T,  he  was  convicted  of 
the  charge  and  sentenced  to  State  prison  for  three  years. 

Name  not   Given. 

Although  not  strictly  within  the  purview  of  this  chapter,  we  may 
mention  here,  as  the  parties  were  both  residents  of  Griggsville,  this 
county,  that  Dr.  J.  II.  Caldwell,  of  that  place,  went  to  Texas  in  May 
or  June,  1868,  employing  a  young  man  to  accompany  him,  who,on 
the  24th  of  June,  ni'irdered  and  robbed  the  doctor,  but  was  sum- 
marily lynched  by  the  infuriated  people  when  the  deed  occurred. 

Mc  Wright  Murray 

was  indicted  for  murder  in  1809,  but  the  case  was  ultimately 
stricken  from  the  docket. 

Joseph  Daiil  and  Anthony  Scheiner. 

These  criminals  were  indicted  Ai)ril  2<>,  1809,  for  committing 
murder  in  Brown  county,  as  the  result  of  an  aflfray  connected  with 
the  burning  of  show  tents  at  Mount  Sterling.     A  change  of  venue 


330  ursniRY  of  i'IKi;  rorMY. 

was  taken  to  Pike  county,  mul  after  a  two  days'  trial  the  chapg  wore 
Bentenced  to  15  years'  Imrd  labor. 

Cai't.    11'///.   //.  Stovt. 

This  iiuiii  was  indicted  April  ('•.  1.^71,  charfjed  with  the  murder 
of  a  Mr.  Kiinhall.  at  ('ockle-hur  slouch,  the  prewdin^j;  year.  W'^ 
cban<'e  of  venue  his  case  wa^s  taikeu  to  the  Rrttwn  county  Court. 

Sdinutl   Iffliitjlas 

was  the  h(»init'ide  who  heat  to  (h'atli  .lames  Sapp.  June  \'l,  ISTI, 
near  IMeasant  Hill.  At  the  first  heatint:  he  left  Mr.  Sajjp  lyin^ 
prostrate,  and  ituluced  a  Mr.  McKenna  to  accompany  hitn  to  the 
place,  who  trie<l  to  lift  him  up,  when  Douglas  j^ave  the  poor  vic- 
tim several  :id<litionaI  Mows,  from  which  he  died  a  few  days  after- 
ward. Douiila.-*  and  .McKenna  were  l»oth  iirrested,  hut  the  latter 
was  dismis.-.ed  for  want  of  evidence  ajjainst  him.  Dou^j^las  was  held 
for  nuinslaiiirhter,  the  indictment  hein^  ma<le  Oct.  I'i,  1S71.  He 
N\as  convicted  and  sentenced  Nov.  •_'!»,  1*^71,  for  six  and  a  half  years 
in  the  penitentiary. 

Joh  n   Shin  nuh  n  n  . 

Sc[)t.  10,  1871,  in  Pleasant  Vale  t«»wnship,  \Vm.  Hall  claimed 
that  Slianiiahan  had  said  something;  mean  ahout  him,  and  j>rocceded 
to  assault  him  witli  a  duh.  The  latter  warded  olf  the  l»l«»w,  snatched 
the  cIuIj  from  Hall,  who  then  started  to  run  away;  Shaniuihan, 
however,  soon  overtook  him,  struck  him  on  tin,'  head  with  the  club, 
kiK'ckini;  him  over  into  ji  ijidly  senseless,  an<i  Shanruihan  tumlilinjj 
down  with  him.  Hall's  ankle  was  broken  in  the  fall,  and  lie  <lie«l 
soon  afterward.  Shannahati  was  arrested  atid  committed  to  jail, 
where  he  sufferetl  frmu  a  feeble  constitution  and  a  diseased  letj, 
which  hail  to  Ih'  amputated.  He  was  indicted  by  the  ffrand  jury, 
Oct.  lli,  1*^71,  otjt  he  died  liefore  the  trial  t(»ok  place. 

Bartholomew  Jinrnes. 

Ti»e  only  e.vecution  ever  takin<;  place  in  Pike  county  was  that  of 
Bartholomew  P>arnes,  Dec.  20,  1S71,  in  the  Pittstield  jail-yard,  for 
the  munler  of  John  (tresham  in  Calhoun  coutity.  The  suit  was 
first  instituted  in  that  county,  and  a  chaiiije  of  venue  being  taken 
to  this  county,  the  case  was  calleil  at  the  session  of  the  Pike 
county  Circuit  Court  Nov.  27,  1871;  and  after  a  thorough  trial  the 
traveiso  jury  returned  a  verdict  of  i^uiltv  of  murder  in  the  first  de- 
Ijree.  anil  that  he  sln>uld  sutl'er  death  by  haiiiriui^.  The  particulars 
of  the  murder  are  well  condensed  in  Judi^e  Higbee's  sentence  given 
Dec.  r»,  as  below.  The  court-house  was  crowded  to  overHowinjjr 
with  ladies  and  ijentlemen  to  hear  the  sentence  (»f  death  pronounced 
upon  the  younw  convict.  At  lUi  a  m.  he  was  brouijht  in  to  re- 
ceive his  sentence.     Death-like  stillness  reigned  within  the  room. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  331 

as  the  Jiidi^e,  in  a  solemn  an<l  iinpre::^sive  manner,  addressed  him, 
broken  only  by  the  prisoner,  who,  standinu^  with  brazen  effrontery, 
gave  vent  occasionally  to  protests  of  innocence.     The  Judi^e  s.iid: 

"  In  discharging  tlie  unpleasant  duty  required  of  me  by  the  law, 
it  seems  proper  that  I  should  jilace  on  the  tiles  of  this  Court  a  brief 
statement  of  the  facts  an<l  j)ro(>fs  which  render  it  the  duty  of  the 
Court  to  pronounce  a  judgment  which  is  to  deprive  a  human  being 
of  his  life. 

"  By  the  record  in  this  case  it  appears  that  you  were  indicted  at 
the  ]\r;iy  term  of  the  Calhoun  Circuit  C^ourt,  1871,  for  the  murder 
of  John  (Tresham,.aml  the  case  was  bi'ought  here  on  a  ciiange  of 
venue  for  trial;  that  there  is  no  prejudice  in  this  county  which 
wt)uld  iuiuriouslv  affect  vour  rights  is  sufHcientlv  manifest  bv  the 
fact  that  the  crime  for  which  yon  have  been  tried  was  committed 
in  another  county;  and  of  the  twelve  jurors  selected  for  your  trial 
ever}'  one  has  stated  under  oath  that  he  never  heard  of  the  case  un- 
til called  into  the  jury  box. 

"From  the  evidence  it  appears  that  somewhere  about  the  lirst 
of  February  last,  for  some  cause  (which  is  not  apparent)  3'ou 
became  very  much  enraged  agrainst  the  deceased  in  the  town  of  Pleas- 
ant Hill  and  threatened  to  whip  him.  When  told  by  the  town  con- 
stal)le  that  that  would  not  be  permitted  and  that  he  would  arrest 
you  if  you  did  not  keep  quiet,  you  said  that  you  would  see  the  de- 
ceased at  same  other  lime  and  tear  his  heart  out.  On  the  2Tth  day 
of  February  the  deceased,  his  son  (15  years  of  age )  and  yourself, 
were  in  Clarksville,  Mo.,  and  crossed  the  river  on  your  return  in 
the  afternoon  in  the  same  boat,  the  deceased  and  his  son  within  a 
wagon:  and  after  the  boat  landed,  as  they  were  leaving  the  river 
for  home,  you  asked  the  privilege  of  riding  with  them,  to  which 
tlie  boy  objected,  his  father  being  quite  drunk  at  the  time.  You 
then  said  to  them  that  if  they  would  let  you  ride  you  would  be 
quiet  and  peaceable;  whereupon  the  deceased  consented,  and  you 
got  into  the  wagon  and  seated  yourself  on  a  board  beside  the 
deceased,  the  boy  standing  up  in  front  driving.  You  had  gone 
but  a  short  distance  when  some  words  passed,  but  no  blows  or 
attem])ts    to    strike  ensued,  and  you  jumped    out,    saying,  'You 

d d    old    son  of  a  bitch!'     At  the  time  you  jumped  out    the 

board  on  which  the  deceased  was  sitting  tipped  up  and  he  fell 
out  on  the  other  side  on  his  back  near  the  wagon  and  near  to  a  fence. 
You  ran  back  to  the  wagon  and  to  where  the  deceased  lay,  and 
turning  your  back  to  the  fence,  you  seized  the  rails  with  which  to 
steady  yourself,  and  with  the  deceased  still  lying  on  his  back  im- 
mediately in  front  of  you,  with  the  heel  of  your  boot  you  stamjH'd 
his  face,  head  and  breast  until  you  killed  him.  The  evidence  shows 
that  in  this  brutal  manner,  and  when  the  deceased  was  lying  on 
his  back  ])erfectly  helpless,  in  the  pi-esence  of  his  son  and  another 
witness  who  was  near  by,  3'ou  stamped  from  eight  to  ten  times, 
bre;d<ing  his  nose,  cheek-bone  and  jaw,  and  crushing  out  one  eye, 
and  forced  the  heel  of  your  boot  through   his  skull  into  his  brain 


33l'  niSToRY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

more  than  jin  iticli  in  depth,  jukI  so  crushed  and  distii^iired  his  face 
that  iteo'.ild  n  )t  be  re^j^niz.'l  hy  I).'.  Tlionuis.  wliu  had  lived  a 
near  nei<^hln)r  to  deceased  for  '20  3'ears. 

^r  "  While  enj'ayred  in  this  work  of  death,  Mv.  Ovler,  who  was  a 
short  distatice  idf  and  saw  it  all,  hallo  )ed  ami  started  to  run  to  you. 
On  seciii;;  hini  you  jiMn|H'il  over  the  fence  and  started  to  run.  Vou 
Were  pursued  and  eaj»tured  in  a. few  minutes,  and  Mood  was  found 
all  over  the  heel  of  vour  hoot,  with  hair  and  whiskers  still  adherinir 
to  it.  Soon  afterward  you  dechired  that  vt»u  had  not  seen  deceased 
on   that  day. 

'•  In  answer  to  all  tiiis  proof  you  produced  a  single  witness,  your 
hrother,  who  testitietl  that  in  the  fall  of  ISGl)  deceased  nnide  some 
threats  against  you,  which,  so  far  as  the  evi<lence  shows,  he  never 
attempted  to  execute,  lieyond  this  you  offer  no  explanation  or 
justification  ot  this  dreadful  crime. 

*•  Upon  this  proof  the  jury  have  found  you  guilty  of  murder,  and 
their  verdict  declares  that  vou  shall  sutler  death  hv  hanj'in:;.  You 
have  heen  well  defendetl  hy  able  attornt-ys.  fairly  trit'd,  and,  as  it 
seoms  to  me,  properly  coiivicteti;  and  it  only  remains  now  for  tiie 
Court  tt)  pronounce  the  jud;^ment  (»f  the  law,  which  is,  to  deprive 
you  of  your  life,  rnplea.sant  as  this  duty  is,!  am  not  at  liberty 
to  shrink  from  it.  ^  ou  have  deprived  .John  (iresham  of  his  life  b}' 
A  foul  ami  brutal  murder,  and  the  law  demands  yotir  life  as  the  pen- 
alty. .\s  the  time  which  can  be  extended  to  ytui  to  prepare  to 
meet  this  dreadful  puni^hment  is  limited  by  law,  let  me  .admonish 
yon  not  to  spend  it  in  vain  cttorts  to  arrest  y«»ur  doom,  but  rather 
dev(»te  every  moment  of  the  time  allotted  you  to  prt'jtare  for  the 
final  trial  wherein  injustice  is  never  done  and  where  all  must 
answer  for  every  act  of  liis  life.  It  is^the  order  of  this  Court,  Bar- 
tholomew Barnes,  that  vou  be  taken  from  here  to  tlie  countv  jail  of 
this  county  atid  there  confii]c<]  until  Friday,  the  twenty-ninth  day 
of  l)eceml)er,  1*^71,  and  that  between  the  liours  of  10  o'clock  a.  m. 
and  3.  r.  .m.  of  said  day,  in  said  jail,  and  in  the  |»rescnce  of  the  wit- 
nesses retjuired  by  law,  han<^ed  by  the  neck  until  you  are  dead." 

We  take  the  following  account  of  the  execution  from  the  Old 
Fla^i  (.f  Jan.  4.  1^7'2: 

"  The  dreatlful  ti ay  having  arrived,  a  large  crowd  gathered  around 
the  jail,  which  increased  constantly  jis  the  hour  of  execution  ap- 
proached. There  was  no  disturbance,  however,  the  anxiety  of  siis- 
pen-e  seeming  to  pervade  the  throng  and  keej)  them  (juiet,  and 
waiting  almost  with  suspended  breath  until  the  tragedy  was  over. 
The  execution  was  delayed  until  afternoon  in  order  to  give  the 
prisoner  all  the  time  possible.  Al)out  half  past  one,  or  later,  in 
company  with  the  j)hysicians,  the  jury  and  others,  we  were  admitted 
to  the  Stieriti'^s  room  and  waited  the  last  preparations  for  the  linal 
scene.  The  leave-taking  of  the  brother  and  sister  and  relatives  of 
the  prisoner  we  did  not  witness.  At  aboiit  a  quarter  past  two  the 
great  iron  door  leading  from  the  Sheriffs  room  into  the  hall  of  the 
jail  was  unbarred,  and  thu?e  in  waiting  entered  the  hall  and  took 


-^J 


PIKE    COUNTY     JAIL 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  335 

places  in  front  of  the  scaffold  and  waited  witli  unc()vered  heads  the 
appearance  of  the  prisoner.  AVc  need  hardly  tell  our  readers  there 
was  stillness  in  that  company  and  that  all  sound  was  hushed  ex- 
cept the  loniif-drawn  breathintrs  of  men  who  knew  they  stood  in 
the  chamber  of  Death,  that  a  livin<^  mortal  man  was  soon  to  be  his 
victim,  and  that  a  fellow  being  was  within  a  few  moments  of  eternity 
and  judgment.  There  was  the  scaffold,  rather  a  rough-looking 
structure,  and  of  larger  dimensions  than  we  had  expected  to  see; 
above  it,  from  a  pulley  fastened  to  a  beam,  hung  a  rope  apparently 
about  half  an  inch  in  thickness,  with  knot  and  noose  on  the  end 
of  it. 

"As  we  stood  there  contemplating  the  scene,  and  held  our  watch 
to  note  the  time,  some  few  remarks  were  made  in  a  wliisper  and 
several  times  a  reporter  asked  us,  '  What  time  is  it  now  V  Seven- 
teen minutes  past  two,  eighteeu  minutes,  nineteen  minutes,  each 
elapsing  minute  increasing  the  anxiety  of  suspense  and  expectation; 
twenty  minutes,  and  the  Sheriff  and  prisoner,  accompanied  with 
deputies  and  ministers,  appeared  on  the  corridor  and  descended 
one  flight  of  stops  a:;d  ascended  the  other  which  led  to  the  scaffold. 
The  prisoner  was  pale  from  long  continement,  but  we  could  not 
say  that  he  flinched  or  quailed  at  the  sight  of  the  gallows  or  when 
standing  on  the  platform.  AVlien  his  eyes  first  caught  sight  of 
scaffold  and  rope  there  was  an  expression  of  surprise  which  was 
momentary,  and  that  was  all.  He  was  well  dressed  in  a  black  suit 
with  a  tine  shirt,  white  stockings  and  slippers,  and  looked  like  a 
gentleman.  He  was  told  to  be  seated  on  a  seat  of  boards  that  had 
been  prepared,  which  he  did.  Revs.  Priestly  and  Johnsey,  Methodist 
preachers,  sitting  on  each  side  of  him.  They  sat  only  for  a  moment 
when  deputy  Landrum  told  him  to  stand  up,  which  he  did.  They 
both  stood  close  to  the  grat-d  window  when  the  death  warrant  was 
read  to  him  by  Mr.  Landi'um  distinctly,  but  with  evident  emotion, 
and  was  heard  by  the  prisoner  attentively,  but  without  any  mani- 
festations whatever.  When  the  read iiiij;  was  over  and  Mr.  Landrum 
had  folded  the  paper,  '  Let  us  pray '  was  announced,  and  a  prayer 
was  ])ronouiiced  by  Rev.  Mr.  Johnsey,  which  to  our  ear  was  some- 
what i>eculiar  if  not  poetical,  the  prisoner  all  the  while  uttering 
fervid  ejaculations,  such  as,  'O  Lord,  have  mere}-  on  my  soul!' 
On  rising  from  his  knees  after  the  prayer  he  deliberately  stepped 
forward,  and  taking  the  rope  in  his  right  hand,  passed  the  noose 
into  his  left  and  seemed  to  take  a  careful  look  at  it.  lie  was  then 
told,  if  he  had  any  thing  to  say,  to  say  it  now.  He  hesitated  a 
moment  as  if  not  fully  comprehending  what  was  meant;  but  upon 
being  told  a  second  time,  he  said,  '  Well,  I  say  that  I  believe  all 
my  sins  have  been  pardoned;  and  I  thank  the  jailor  for  his  kindness 
to  me,  and  I  hope  that  no  one  will  ever  again  be  hung.'  He  was 
then  told  to  take  farewell  of  all;  and  having  shaken  hands  with  the 
ministers.  Sheriff  and  attendants,  he  asked  leave  to  pray  once  him- 
self, and  was  told  to  do  so,  when,  krieeling  down  with  his  face 
toward  the  window  in  the  west,  he  said,  as  we  understood, '  O  Lord, 

21 


336 


IIISTOKV    OV    I'lKK    (V)rNTY. 


I  pray  tlieo  to  forgive  my  sins,  to  save  my  sunl  and  take  me  to 
liOHven,'  repeatiui;  the  jtotilion>,  as  we  tliou:^lit,  twii'o  or  more. 
lie  then  arose  and  stepped  forward  <tn  the  trap,  anil  the  rope  was 
j)ut  over  his  head  and  adjusted  ahout  his  neck,  and  the  bhick  C5ap 
drawn  over  his  face,  his  hands  and  feet  havinir  been  previously  tied, 
he  all  the  while  pravinir.  '()  jj.»f<l,  8ii\e  my  soul." 

"This  was  the  most  solemc  and  anxious  moment  of  the  exeeution, 
both  to  the  «looineii  man  and  to  the  h>peetaitors.  There  stood  a 
nuin  on  the  imniediate  confines  t»f  two  worlds,  just  ready  to  step 
into  eternity  and  know  the  ;^raiul  secret;  ojdy  one  moment  nmre 
to  live  in  this  life. 

'*  Tiie  eap  was  drawn  over  liis  face  at  twenty-tive  minutes  past  two; 
the  ela|)sing  seconds  now  scomed  as  loni;  as  nunntes;  the  Sheriff' 
and  an  attendant  were  the  last  to  ct>me  down  from  the  ste|)S.  Tiie 
fatal  lever  whieh  should  spring  the  trap  wjis  at  the  bottom,  con- 
cealed by  a  piece  of  carpet.  *  What  time  is  it  now?'  said  the  re- 
porter to  us.  Twenty-tive  minutes  and  fifteen  seconds  ])a8t  two, 
and  quick  as  a  flash  the  man  who  was  standing  on  the  scall'old  and 
still  having,  '  O  Lord,  save  my  sold,' <lropped  till  his  head  hniig 
m«»re  tlian  six  inches  l>elow.  There  wat*  no  noise  more  than  the 
sudden  tightening  of  the  con!  with  a  heavyweight  would  occasion. 
A  trap  door  swung  into  a  niche  prepared  to  receive  it  ami  renniined 
there.  The  rope  had  been  ]>erfectly  tested  and  <lid  not  stretch  the 
least.  The  tall  was  more  than  six  feet.  His  neck  had  been  instantly 
broken  and  all  pain  was  t»ver.  The  victim  diil  n<»t  struggle  at  all. 
At  the  end  of  tlie  first  minute  there  was  a  slight  motion  of  the  feet 
and  limbs,  swaying  slightly,  which  was  continued  until  after  the 
end  of  the  second  minute,  and  evidently  caused  by  muscular  con- 
traction. At  the  end  ot  three  and  a  half  minutes  there  was  one 
violent  and  last  cimlraction  of  muscle;  slioulders  heaved  and  the 
whole  b(»dy  was  lilted  up,  ami  then  relapsed  and  liung  motionless; 
at  the  end  of  twenty  minutes  the  doctors  pronounced  i'arnes  dead, 
and  at  the  end  of  twenty-tive  minutes  the  body  was  cut  down  and 
laid  out,  while  a  further  examination  was  made  by  the  doctors,  who 
pronounced  his  neck  broken  and  his  life  to  be  extinct;  at  the  end 
of  thirty  minutes  from  the  time  of  the  drop  and  within  about  five 
minntes  of  '.i  o'ch)ck  he  was  pinced  in  a  collin  and  at  «)nce  carried 
ont  and  delivered  to  his  relatives  to  be  Uiken  to  Pleasant  Hill  for 
burial." 

The  preparations  for  the  haniring  had  been  very  complete,  and 
there  was  not  a  single  mistake  or  slightest  failure  in  any  particular; 
and  Sheriff  McFarland  deserves  praise  for  the  manner  in  which  he 
bore  himself  and  performed  his  melanciioly  duties. 

'Barnes  ma<le  a  "confession  ''  in  which  he  insisted  to  the  last  that 
he  tlid  not  mean  to  kill  Gresham,  and  claimed  that  he  was.  drunk 
and  did  not  know  what  he  was  about.  The  warrant  was  printed  it 
a  very  large  plain  hand  b}'  the  pen  of  doctor  J.  J.  Tojdiff,  who  was 
Circuit  Clerk  at  the  time. 


HISTORY    OF    ITKr,    roi-NTV.  337 

fMvn  Barnes, 

cousin  of  the  precedint;,  was  indicted  Nov.  29, 1871,  for  the  murder 
of  McLciuijhlin,  in  Detroit,  on  the  sixteenth  of  that  month.  The 
name  of  the  murdered  man  was  ascertained  only  by  its  being 
marked  on  his  arm  with  India  ink.  Both  the  men  had  been  in  a 
saloon  drinking  and  had  had  a  quarrel  about  a  red  ball.  McLaugh- 
lin shook  his  fist  in  Barnes'  face  and  told  him  not  to  open  his  face 
again  about  it.  He  turned  around,  and  when  his  eyes  were  averted 
Barnes  jumped  to  his  feet  having  a  knife  in  his  hand  which  he  swung 
with  great  force,  the  blade  striking  McLaughlin's  face  a?ul  neck,  sev- 
ering the  jugular  vein  and  windpipe  and  completely  cutting  his 
throat.  Barnes  then  made  a  back  stroke  which  missed  McLaughlin, 
who  then  staggered  into  a  back  room  and  fell  dead.  Barnes  was 
immediately  arrested  and  committed  to  the  Pittslield,  jail  where, 
sometime  after  his  indictment,  he  gradually  wasted  away  with  pul- 
monary consumption  and  died. 

JacJc  Connor,  alias  Wtn.  C.  Walton,  and  Chas.  Berry, 

were  indicted  in  the  Pike  Circuit  Court  Oct.  18,  1872,  for  man- 
elaughter.  April  11,  1873,  Connor  was  acquitted  and  Berrj-  was 
convicted  and  sentenced  for  one  year. 

Peter  B.  Ford. 

On  the  night  of  May  3,  1872,  George  DeHaven,  of  Barry,  was 
killed  on  a  shebang  boat  just  above  Florence,  by  Peter  B.  Ford. 
Two  disreputable  women  and  two  or  three  low-lived  men  were  on 
board.  "  Tack,"  Henry  Schaffner  and  DeHaven  came  on  the  boat, 
which  was  owned  by  the  Fords.  After  drinking  awhile  Tack 
hauled  open  his  coat  and  declared  he  was  the  best  man  on  board,  and 
attacked  Elisha  N.  Ford.  At  the  same  time  DeHaven  sprang  at 
Peter  Ford  with  brass  knuckles  on  one  hand  and  a  cocked  revolver 
in  the  other,  pointed  at  Peter's  breast.  Peter  knocked  the  revolver 
aside  and  shot  DeHaven,  who  died  in  about  20  minutes.  Elisha 
and  the  two  women  were  arrested,  but  after  examination  were  dis- 
charged. Peter  was  also  arrested,  and  indicted  Oct.  21,  1872,  for 
murder,  was  convicted,  and  "sent  up"  for  18  years.  A  motion  for 
a  new  trial  was  made,  but  denied,  and   the  sentence  was  executed. 

James  Ray  and  L.  J.  Hall. 

At  Pleasant  Hill,  June  22,  1872,  L.  J.  Hall,  a  grocer,  had  a 
controversy  with  a  Mr.  McGinn,  when  a  young  man  named  James 
Ray  interfered,  knocking  McGinn  down  with  a  beer  glass  and  beating 
him  and  stamping  u]ion  him,  Hall  meanwhile  keeping  off  all  who 
wo\ild  interfere.  When  the  beating  ceased  McGinn  was  found 
dead.  Hall  then  gave  Pay  some  money,  telling  him  to  make  his 
escape,  which  it  seems  he  did  most  effectually.  Hall  wa'  arrested, 
and  examined,  but  acquitted  of  being  an  accessory.  McGinn  left 
a  wife  and  eight  children. 


338 


IIISTOKY    OF    PIKK    COINTY. 


MatthciC  ILiri'ia  and  Thomas  Stajdeton. 


At  }i  [•hiceciilUMl  tlic'Ciitntll",  i»n  tlio  Siiy  Levee,  it>  tlie.ppriii^jfof  1S73 
were  two  lur;;*' squads  of  men  at  work.  Tlieoue  workiii'^lii'^lier  uj>  tlie 
river  reoeivcil^J.OU  j)er  tla}'  to  each  inai)  ami  tliose  l>elo\v  received 
$1.75.  Alter  tljose  al)ove  had  Ctiini)leted  their  work,  their  eiiij)U)yer8 
ti)ld  them  they  eoiiM  «ro  and  work  with  those  helow  if  they  were  will- 
iiif^to  work  at  the  same  rates.  They  all  went  to  work,  l)Ut  alter  awhile 
became  dissatisfied  with  the  wa<;e.>,  threatened  tostrike,  and  made  a 
good  deal  of  disturhance.  Their  employers  dischar^i^ed  several  of 
the  rinj^-leaders  who  still  continued  to  make  trouble.  When  ^)ay- 
dav  arrived  the  strikers  drank  a  ^jjreat  de:il,  came  to  the  jd:ice  of 
wi»rk  and  were  determined,  us  they  said,  to  t-lean  out  Harris,  the 
time-keeper,  and  StHj)leton,  the  ''  walking-boss."  As  the  two  latter 
were  coming  from  the  store  after  dinner,  the  mob  of  strikers  fell 
upon  thi-m  and  Harris  and  Staoleton  botli  tii'<fd  at  t!ie  first  mm. 
Tat  \'.ini,'han,  killin";him  and  slightly  injuring  another  man.  Tins 
proceeding  deterred  the  rioters  from  any  further  aggressions. 
Stapleton  and  Harris  were  arrested,  but  to  keep  them  safe  from  the 
rioters  they  were  lodg:*d  in  the  jail  at  Pittslield.  They  were  in- 
dicted Aj»ril  \2  lollowing,  tried,  ctmvicted  of  munler,  and  July  1 
both  were  sentence*]  to  State  prison  for  one  year. 

Awl  re  u'  Jl'iinUton. 

Near  Mebo,  Feb.  5.  I'^T^.  a  number  of  young  people  assembled 
at  the  house  of  Mrs.  MeKtv,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  ]>art  in  a 
dance.  Among  those  present  were  Andrew  Hamilton  and  Clift«)n 
U.  Daniels,  both  young  men  and  sons  of  well-known  farmers  in 
the  vicinity.  During  the  dance  a  quarrel  arose  between  Hamilton 
and  Daniels,  when  the  former  drew  a  revolver  and  shot  Daniels  in 
the  neck  at  its  juncture  with  the  che.«»t.  The  wounded  man  stag- 
gered against  the  wall  and  fell  dead  almost  instantly.  Hamilton 
immediately  fled,  and,  so  far  as  appears  from  the  records,  has  never 
been  captured. 

John  A.  Tfiotnns 

was   indicted   Oct.  14,  1876,  for   murder,  but  three  days  afterward 
was  acquitted. 

John  II   Mallory. 

A  man  named  Davis  got  to  peeping  around  Mallory's  liouse  at 
night  to  see  some  girls,  and  Mai  lor}',  discovering  the  fact,  ran  out 
with  a  gun  and  shot  Davis  as  he  dodged  behind  a  cedar  bush,  and 
killed  him.  This  occurred  at  Barry.  MriUory  was  indicted  (Jcto- 
ber  14,  1S70,  for  manslaughter.  The  case  dragged  alon":  in  the 
Oi»urts  until  April  6,  IS78,  when  the  accused  was  acquitted. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  339 

Gecyrge  HasMna. 

About  four  miles  northwest  of  Kiiidcrliook  a  quarrel  took  place, 
March  4,  1877,  between  two  jouno^  men,  Geo.  llaskins  and  a  Mr. 
Simpkins,  orii:;i!iatiMi;  in  a  controversy  about  a  doi^  bitin:^  a  sister 
of  Simpkins.  A  tussle  ensued  durim^  which  Simpkins  was  stabbed 
with  a  knife,  and  from  the  eti'ects  of  the  wound  he  shortly  after- 
ward died,  llaskins  was  arrested,  and  A]>ril  10,  1877,  he  was  in- 
dicted ^ov  murder;  but  the  trial  resulted  in  his  conviction  for  man- 
slaughter, and  Oct.  19,  followini:^,  he  was  sentenced  to  two  years, 
imprisonment  at  hard  labor.  He  was  only  nineteen  years  of  age 
and  Simpkins  seventeen. 

Ilenry  A.  Fourier. 

This  ruffian  and  a  Mr.  Hamilton  were  attending  a  dance  near 
Nebo  in  the  spring  of  1878,  where  they  drank  and  quarreled  until 
Fowler  cut  Ilajnilton  across  the  arm  with  a  knife,  and  the  latter 
bled  to  death.  Fowler  was  arrested  and  A])ril  6,  lb78,  was  indicted 
for  murder.  Before  his  trial  he  escapeil  from  jail,  but  V(duntarily 
returned  and  delivered  himself  U]">.  The  trial  resulted  in  his  con- 
viction and  sentence  to  confinement  in  the  State  prison  for  two 
years, 

Thomas  McDonald. 

James  A.  Brown  was  murdered  Ticar  his  own  door  in  Montezuma 
March  11,  1878,  shortly  before  daylight,  Jan,  25  preceding  he  had 
been  waylaid,  drugged  and  robbed  by  two  men  in  a  small  wood 
near  his  home,  and  lay  exposed  all  night  in  a  stupid  condition  until 
found  the  next  morninj;,  and  was  restored  to  consciousness  with 
much  difiicultv.  Thomas  McDonald  was  afterwai'd  iirrested  and 
identified  as  one  of  those  two  men:  the  other  culprit  remained  at 
large.  Mr,  Brown  and  Ids  friends  had  feared  that  an  effort  would 
be  made  to  prevent  him  (Brown)  from  appearing  at  a  certain  trial, 
and  the  tragedy  just  mentioned  showed  how  well  grounded  tlieir 
fears  had  been.  For  several  nights  preceding  the  murder  noises 
had  I)een  heard  in  the  vicinity  of  the  residence  of  Brown,  and  lie 
went  armed.  About  4  o'clock  that  morning  (Monday)  he  stepped 
from  his  house  to  an  out-house  a  few  yards  distant,  taking  his  rifle 
with  him.  On  his  return  a  few  minutes  later,  and  when  within 
two  or  three  paces  of  the  door,  he  was  shot,  the  ball  entering  the 
back  of  the  head  and  coming  out  toward  the  front.  Hearing  the 
report  the  family  rushed  out  to  find  the  victim  lying  where  he  fell, 
and  in  a  few  moments  he  ceased  to  live.  Excitement  became  so  in- 
tense that  the  SheriftMiad  to  obtain  assistance  from  the  State  Gov- 
ernment to  aid  in  keeping  the  peace.  The  excitement  was  greatly 
intensified  by  a  report  that  the  Sheriff  intended  to  remove  the  pris- 
oner from  the  Pike  county  jail  to  another  county.  McDonald  was 
tried  and  found  innocent.  A  full  account  of  his  case  is  given  in 
the  history  of  Pittsfield. 


340 


HISTORY    OP    riKh    COUNTY. 


Colonel  WiUidins. 

A  iimnber  of  people  giith(?re(l  at  the  houso  of  A[onte  Gant  about 
ten  miles  south  of  Pittstit'M,  on  Christmns  ove,  to  liave  a  dance, 
ami  wer  •  enjoyiiii;  tlnMiiselvea  in  the  usual  way,  when  some  of  the 
boys  askdl  Andrew  Main  (commonly  denominated  "Coon  Main  ") 
to  call  oil* a  set.  Main  refusing,  they  said  they  could  get  along 
well  enough  without  him.  He  thought  tliisa  good  time  as  any  to 
whip  some  of  the  b<»ys,  ami,  the  quarrel  ct)ntinuinir  for  e-ome  time, 
he  eommiMiced  striking  them.  Main  struck  Williams,  knocking 
him  down.  Williams  then  Citmmenced  stabbing  at  Main  with  his 
pocket  knife.  Main  got  hold  of  a  long  iron  poker  and  commenced 
Btrikinj;  at  Williams.  About  thin  time  the  landlord  interfered  and 
turm  t|  tluMu  from  the  house,  whetj  the  latter  and  his  brother  Col- 
onel immediately  left  and  were  followetl  by  Main  and  two  or  three 
others.  Then  Colonel  Williams  shot  Main  with  a  revolver,  and  he 
and  his  brother  immetlialelv  ran  awav,  no  etl'ort  i>eing  made  at  the 
time  to  arrest  them.  The  woimded  man  tlu  n  retured  to  the  hou?e, 
lav  down  on  a  betl,  savin;;  that  Colonel  Williams  had  shot  him, 
and  died  about  five  hours  afterwanl.  Williams  has  been  arrested, 
and  is  now  in  the  Pittstleld  jail  awaiting  trial. 

BoyleSy 

a  lad  >eventeeii  \  r.-ira  ct  :ig-',  is  also  in  jail  for  l:elj»:ng  his    brother 
to  escape  who  had  kill'-  1  a  compan'on  with  a  pucker  knife. 


CUAPTER   XII. 
PIONEER  LIFE. 

LOG    CABINS. 

We  shall,  in  this  chapter,  give  as  clear  and  exact  a  description  of 
pioneer  life  in  this  county  as  we  can  find  language  to  picture  it  in, 
commencing  with  the  time  the  sturdy  settlers  first  arrived  with 
their  scanty  stores.  They  had  migrated  from  older  States,  where 
the  prospects  for  even  a  competency  were  very  poor,  many  of  them 
com:ng  from  Kentucky,  for,  it  is  supposed,  they  found  that  a  good 
State  to  emigrate  from.  Their  entire  stock  of  furniture,  imple- 
ments and  family  necessities  were  easily  stored  in  one  wagon,  and 
sometimes  a  cart  was  their  only  vehicle. 

As  the  first  thino:  after  thev  arrived  and  found  a  suitable  loca- 
tion,  they  would  set  about  the  building  of  a  log  cabin,  a  description 
of  whicli  may  be  interesting  to  the  younger  readers,  and  especially 
their  descendants,  who  may  never  see  a  structure  of  the  kind. 
Trees  of  uniform  size  were  selected  and  cut  into  pieces  of  the  de- 
sired length,  each  end  being  saddled  and  notched  so  as  to  bring  the 
logs  as  near  together  as  possible.  The  cracks  were  "chinked  and 
daubed"  to  prevent  the  wind  from  whistling  through.  This  had 
to  be  renewed  ev^ery  fall  before  cold  weather  set  in.  The  usual 
height  was  one  story  of  about  seven  or  eight  feet.  The  gables  were 
made  of  logs  gradu  illy  shortened  up  to  the  top.  The  roof  was  made 
by  laying  small  logs  or  stout  poles  reaching  from  gable  to  gable, 
suitable  distances  apart,  on  which  were  laid  the  clapboards  after  the 
manner  of  shin<jlino:,  showins:  two  feet  or  more  to  the  weather. 
The  clanboards  were  fastened  by  laying  across  them  heavj-  poles, 
called  "weight  poles,"  reaching  from  one  gable  to  the  other,  being 
kept  apart  and  in  their  place  by  laying  pieces  of  timber  between 
them  called  "runs,"  or  "knees."  A  wide  chimney  ])lace  was  cut 
out  of  one  end  of  the  cabin,  the  chimney  standing  entirely  outside, 
and  built  of  rived  sticks,  laid  up  cob-house  fashion  and  filled  with 
clay,  "r  built  of  stone,  often  using  two  or  three  cords  of  stone  in 
building  one  chimney.  For  a  window,  a  piece  al)Out  two  feet  long 
was  cut  out  of  one  of  the  wall  logs,  and  the  hole  closed,  sometimes 
with  glass,  but  oftener  with  greased  paper  pasted  over  it.     A  door- 


343 


III8TOKY    OF    IMKK    COINTY. 


way  WHS  iilfit)  cut  tlirou^lj  one  of  the  walls,  and  the  door  was  made 
ot"  8|)lired  chilli toardf*  and  himi^  with  woodi'n  hin<i;es.  This  was 
opened  hy  j)nllin<;  a  k'alher  hitch-ntrini;  which  raised  a  wooden 
hitch  iiisidf  the  «ltM»r.  For  security  at  nij^ht  this  hitch  striiii;  was 
puHeil  in,  hut  for  friemls  and  neighbors,  and  even  strangers,  the 
"  hitch  string  was  always  han^itii^  out,"  as  a  welcome.  In  the  inte- 
rior, upuji  tine  side,  wjis  the  hui^' tire-]tlacc,  hirgeeimugli  to  contain 
a  hack-hii;  as  hig  as  the  str«»n«jest  man  couhl  carry,  and  hold- 
in<j  enough  wtuid  to  supply  an  ordiiiary  stove  a  wi*ek  ;  on  eitiier 
side  wore  judes  atid  kettles,  and  over  all  a  mantul  on  whicii  was 
placed  the  tallow  dip.  In  tuie  corner  stood  the  larger  he  I  for  the 
old  folks,  under  this  the  trurnlle-hed  f«»r  the  chihlren;  in  another 
Corner  stojid  the  <dd-fiu>hioned,  large  sj)inning-wheel,  with  a  smaller 
one  hy  its  side  ;  in  aiiother  the  pine  tnhh',  around  which  the  family 
gatlu-red  to  j»artake  tif  their  plain  fotxl  ;  over  the  door  hung  the 
ever-triiNtful  rilleand  powder-horn;  while  around  the  room  were  scat- 
tered a  few  »plinl-l>ottnme<i  chairs  and  three-legged  sto«ds  ;  in  one 
corner  was  a  rufle  cuplM>ard  holding  the  tahle  wan-,  which  cx)nsisted 
of  a  few  cups  and  saucers  and  hluueilged  plate>j,  standing  singly 
on  their  inlges  aijain>t  the  hack,  to  make  the  display  of  tahle  t'urni- 
ture  more  conopicuous. 

These  simple  cahins  were  inliahiteil  hy  a  kind  and  true-liearted 
people.  They  were  strangers  to  mock  mo<^e^ty,  and  the  travtler, 
seekini:  Indginnps  tor  the  night  or  desirous  of  spending  a  few  days 
in  the  community,  if  willing  to  accept  the  ru«le  <'trering,  was  always 
welcome,  although  how  they  were  disputed  of  ar  night  the  reader 
may  in»t  easily  imagine  ;  for,  aa  dcscril)ed,  a  single  room  was  made 
to  serve  the  pur|M»se  of  kiteheti.  dining  room,  sitting-room,  hed- 
roont,  and  ]>arl<ir.  and  tnany  families  consisted  of  si.x  or  eight  mem- 
bers. 

"KI.FXTION    <»K    noMKR. 

K«>r  a  great  man;  ■  n .■<  luit  tew  thought  it  advirsahle  to  attomj»t 
farming  on  th«?  prairie.  To  many  of  them  the  cultivati«»n  o!"  tlie 
prairies  was  an  untried  experiment,  and  it  was  the  prevaling 
opinion  that  the  timber  would  s«Kin  become  very  scarce, — a  fear 
80on  proven  to  l>e  without  toundation.  Another  obstacle  that  was 
in  the  way  for  a  great  many  years,  was  that  no  plows  suital)le  for 
breaking  the  i>rairie  land  could  be  had.  The  sod  waa  very  much 
totighor  then  than  it  was  in  after  3'ears  when  the  stock  had  pastured 
the  prairies  and  kille«l  out  the  gni^s  to  ecune  extent.  It  would  he 
astonishing  to  the  younger  residents  to  see  the  immense  crops  of 

f)rairie  grass  that  grew  nj»on  the  fields  which  are  to-day  in  such  a 
ligh  state  of  cultivation.  It  grew  in  places  six  t<»  twelve  feet  high. 
It  was  these  immetise  crops  of  gniss  that  furnished  the  fuel  for  the 
terrible  tires  that  swept  over  the  prairies  during  the  fall.  Then, 
again,  there  was  so  much  of  the  ])rairie  land  that  was  considered 
too  wet  to  be  ever  suitable  for  cultivation.  Many  of  the  <»lder  set- 
tlers  now  living  well  remember  when  farms  that  are  now  in  the 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  343 

highest  state  of  cultivation  were  a  vast  swamp.  Thei'e  was  another 
drawback  in  tlie  settlement  of  the  prairies,  and  tliat  w.-is  the  great 
labor  and  cost  of  fencing.  But  the  principal  reason  for  locating  in 
the  timber  was  that  many  of  their  cabins  were  poor,  half-finished 
affairs,  and  protection  from  the  driving  storms  was  absolutely  re- 
quired. The  timber  also  sheltered  stock  until  such  times  as  sheds 
and  out-huildings  could  be  erected.  That  the  time  should  soon 
come  when  intelligent,  enterprising  farmers  would  see  that  their 
interest  lay  in  improving  prairie  farms,  and  cease  clearing  fields, 
when  there  were  boundless  acres  jtresentiug  no  obstacle  to  the  most 
perfect  cultivation,  argues  nothing  in  the  policy  of  sheltering  for  a 
time  in  the  woods.  In  regard  to  the  pioneers  settling  along  the 
timl)er,  we  often  hear  remarks  made  as  thouirh  the  selection  of  such 
locations  im})lied  a  lack  of  judgment.  Those  who  are  disposed  to 
treat  it  in  that  manner  are  asked  to  consider  carefully  the  above 
facts,  when  thev  will  conclude  such  selection  arirued  in  their  fav(»r. 
Clearing  of  timber  land  was  attended  with  much  hard  labor.  The 
underbrush  was  grubbed  up,  piled  into  heaps  and  burned.  The  large 
trees  were  in  man}'  cases  left  standing,  and  deadened  by  girdling. 
This  was  done  by  cutting  through  the  bark  into  the  wood,  generally 
through  the  "sap,"  all  around  the  trunk. 

MILLING. 

No't  the  least  of  the  hardships  of  the  pioneers  was  the  procuring 
of  bread.  The  first  settlers  must  be  supplied  at  least  one  year  from 
other  sources  than  their  own  lands.  But  the  first  crops,  however 
abundant,  gave  only  partial  relief,  there  being  no  mills  to  grind  the 
grain.  Hence  the  necessity  of  grinding  by  haiul  power,  and  many 
families  were  poorly  provided  with  means  for  doing  this.  Another 
way  was  to  grate  the  corn.  A  grater  was  made  from  a  piece  of  tin, 
sometimes  taken  from  an  old,  worn-out  tin  bucket  or  other  vessel. 
It  was  thickly  perforated,  bent  into  a  semi-circular  form,  and  nailed, 
rough  side  upward,  on  a  board.  The  corn  was  taken  in  the  ear, 
and  grated  before  it  got  dry  and  hard.  Corn,  however,  was  eaten 
in  various  ways. 

Soon  after  the  country  became  more  generally  settled,  enterpris- 
ing men  were  ready  to  eml)ark  in  the  milling  l)usiness.  Sites  along 
the  streams  were  selected  for  water-pnwer.  A  person  looking  for  a 
mill-site  would  follow  up  and  down  the  stream  for  a  desired  loca- 
tion, and  when  found  he  would  go  bef)re  the  County  Commis- 
sioners and  secure  a  writ  n^  (id  quod  damnum.  This  would  enable 
the  miller  to  have  the  a<ljoining  land  t)fticially  examiiied,  and  the 
amount  of  damage  by  making  a  dam  was  named.  Mills  being  such 
a'great  public  necessity,  they  were  permitted  to  be  located  upon  any 
person's  land  where  the  miller  thought  the  site  desirable. 

The  Hominy  Block. — Before  giving  the  particulars  of  the  anec- 
dote about  to  be  related  it  would  be  well  to  describe  the  hominy 
block,  for  there  are  thousands  in  this  county,  doubtless,  especially 
of  the  rising  generation,  who  have  never  so  much  as  heard  of  the 


344 


HISTORY    <>K    I'JKK    ColTNTV. 


block  and  bot:iirj  lielpitii;   Inmsolf,  wlu'H  tlu*  liu^e  nouixler  ali^htiMl 
upon  iiiiM.      l)iiriii^  tlu'  rcMiiuiiKk'r  of  the   iii^lil  tlie  j»oun«K'r  kt'|)t 


hominy  block.  It  consisted  of  a  hole  bored  or  burned  in  the  end 
ot"  a  log  or  stump,  basiii  form,  in  whieh  the  corn  was  placed  and 
then  jioundetl  with  an  iron  wed«je,  block  ot'  wood  or  a  rolliuij  pin. 
Sometimes  the  pounding  ii]»j>aratus  consi>tcd  of  a  lon;^,  heavy  l»loek 
of  Wood  attached  to  a  sprintj-pole above,  which  lessoned  the  labor  of 
prejiarin^  a  meal.  The  one  wo  have  in  qucstioti  consisted  of  a 
ourned-out  place  in  the  top  of  a  stumjt,  a  licaw  block  or  ])i»le  at- 
tachtil  to  a  transverse  spriti^-ivde,  but  was  run  l)y  water  power 
instead  of  tlic  common  way.  This  hominy  i»lock  was  made  and 
owned  by  Anuisa  Shinn.  who  resided  in  <»r  near  Kinderhook  ti)wn- 
shij>.  Mr.  Shinn  would  fill  the  block  with  corii  at  nii;ht,  set  it  in 
motion,  and  by  mornin;;  it  would  be  pulveri/.t-il  and  ready  to  be 
made  irito  bread  for  breakfast.  There  came  a  time,  however,  when 
Mr.  Shinn  and  family  preferred  to  fast,  for  at  least  one  meal. 
Sfjuirrels  were  quite  numerous  in  those  days  -far  more  than  they 
are  at  present — and  one  evenint;  after  Mr.  Shinn  had  set  his  mill  in 
motion  as  usual,  a  s«|uirred  hopped  U|>on  the  e*ige  of  thu  block  and 
be^n  wistfully  to  scrutinize  the  corn  below.  Finally  he  concluded 
to   have   s<^>me;   and   while   the   hammer  was    n|>,  jumped  into  the 

he  hu^e  poi; 
e  nii^hl  tlie 
regularly  descending  into  the  block,  thoroughly  mashing  and  mix- 
ing the  squirrel  and  the  corn.  When  .Mr.  Shinn  came  down  the 
next  morning  for  his  meal  ho  found  a  conglomerate  of  squirrel  and 
meal. 

Many  interesting  and  ludicrous  incidents  are  relato»l  in  reference 
to  going  t»»  mill,  waiting  fi»r  grists,  etc.,  many  of  which  are 
greatly  overdrawn.  Harrison  Henry,  now  <lecease<l,  often  related 
an  im'idciit  that,  althotigh  tintrue,  was  commendable  for  its  witticism 
ami  application  to  the  mills  of  pioneer  days.  He  woul<l  tell  the 
fltory  of  himself  in  the  following  language:  ''  I  went  to  Mr.  Kver- 
itt's  mill  (an  overshot  water-mill)  one  day,  and  remained  until 
night  for  my  turn.  When  my  turti  cnme  Mr.  Kveritt  tilled 
the  hopper  with  corn,  atid  taking  me  with  him  to  the  house,  retirc<l 
for  the  night,  leaving  the  mill  V^  do  the  work  alone.  During  the 
night  I  was  awakene*!  b}*  the  l)arking  of  Mr.  Everitt's  dog.  This 
annoyed  me  not  a  little,  but  I  fif>ally  fell  asleep  again.  In  the  early 
morning  when  1  awoke,  I  heard  the  almost  stead}*  barking  of  the 
dog,  and  went  down  to  the  mill  to  learn  what  it  was  barkifigat.  On 
arriving  there  I  found  that  the  dog  had  eaten  all  the  meal  and  was 
barking  tor  more!  He  would  wait  until  a  littie  meal  would  come 
down,  when  he  would  ravenously  lick  it  up,  and  then  look  up  the 
spout  and  bark  tor  more!"  Mr.  Henry  would  continue:  "I  don't 
tell  this  incident  to  injure  the  mill,  for  it  was  a  vcr}'  good  and  faith- 
ful mill;  it  grinds  away  faithfully  on  one  grain  until  it  finishes  it, 
antl  tiicn  jumps  right  on  to  another." 

XATIVK   ANIMALS. 

The  wild  animals  infesting  this  county  at  the  time  of  its  settle- 


HISTOKV    OV    riKE    CODMTY.  345 

meiit  were  the  deer,  wolf,  !)ear,  wild  cat,  fox,  otter,  raccoon,  wood- 
chiick  or  gronnd-doiir,  skunk,  mink,  weusel,  niuskrat,  opossum,  rab- 
bit and  squirrel;  and  the  j)rincipal  feathered  game  wei'e  the  <|uail, 
prairie-chicken,  and  wild  turkey.  Several  of  these  animals  furnished 
meat  for  the  early  settlers;  but  their  principal  meat  did  not  consist 
long  of  game.  Pork  and  ])onltry  were  soon  raised  in  abundance. 
The  wolf  was  the  most  troublesome  animal,  it  being  the  common 
enemy  of  the  sheep.  It  was  quite  difficult  to  protect  tlie  sheep  from 
their  ravages.  Sometimes  pigs  and  calves  were  also  victims  of  the 
Wolf.  Theij"  bowlings  in  tlie  night  would  t)fton  keep  families  awake, 
and  set  all  the  dogs  in  the  neighborhood  to  bai-king.  Their  yells 
were  often  terrific.  Says  one  settler:  "  Suppose  six  boys,  having 
six  dogs  tied,  whipped  them  all  at  the  same  time,  and  you  would 
hear  such  music  as  two  wolves  would  make."  To  effect  the  destruc- 
tion of  these  animals  the  county  authorities  ofiered  a  bounty  for 
their  scalps;  and,  besides,  big  hunts  were  inagurated  for  their  des- 
truction, and  "  wolf  hunts  "  are  prominent  among  the  memories  of 
the  early  settlers.  Such  events  were  generally  turned  into  a  holi- 
day, and  everybody  that  could  ride  a  nag  or  stand  the  tramp  on  foot 
joined  in  the  deadly  pursuit.  A  large  circuit  was  generally  made 
i)y  the  hunters,  who  then  closed  on  every  side,  driving  the  hungry 
wolves  into  the  center  of  the  corral,  where  they  were  despatched. 
The  return  home  with  the  carcasses  was  the  signal  for  a  general  turn- 
out, and  these  '•  pleasure  parties  "  are  still  referred  to  by  old  citizens 
as  amnng  the  pleasantest  memories  of  early  life  in  Pike  county. 
Many  a  hungry  M^olf  has  been  run  down  on  the  prairies  where  now* 
is  located  a  town  or  a  tine  farm  residence.  This  rare  old  pastime, 
like  much  of  the  earl}-  hunting  and  fishing  the  pioneers  indulged  in 
here,  departed  at  the  appearance  of  the  locomotive. 

BEE-HUNTING. 

During  the  early  settlement  of  this  part  of  the  State,  one  of  the 
prevailing  customs  of  the  poineers  was  "bee-hunting."  Often  a 
small  company  M-ould  travel  many  miles  into  a  wild,  unsettled 
conntr}'.  in  search  of  the  sweet,  flavored  honey  of  the  wild  bee. 
Large  trees  containing  many  gallons,  and  often  a  barrel,  were  fre- 
quently found  by  bee-hunters.  Th.e  little,  busy  bees  would  be 
carefully  watched  as  they  liew  heavily  laden  with  the  richest  extract 
of  the  tlowers  that  were  purely  native  and  unknown  to  the  present 
generation.  They  always  tooka  "bee-line"  for  their  homes.  This 
was  a  correct  guide  to  the  sturdy  hunter,  who  had  studied  with  care 
the  ways  of  the  bee  and  by  their  knowledge  took  advantage  of  the 
little  insect.  Once  on  the  trail,  good  bee-hunters  were  almost  cer- 
tain to  capture  the'rich  prize.  After  the  bee-tree  was  discovered  it 
was  no  trouble  to  get  possession  of  the  honey.  The  tree  was  felled, 
and  the  hunters  would  rush  for  their  booty  ere  it  was  lost  by  run- 
ning out  upon  the  ground. 


340  HISTOKY    OK    IMKK  COUNTY. 

M.VXNKK8  AND  CL'BTOMff. 

The  pioneer  was  more  tVeely  ami  heartily  social  with  liis  tVieiidg, 
and  Colli  toward  his  oneinios,  than  we  m-lmu  to  he  at  the  ]>rei?i'nt 
day;  anil  he  shtnved  what  race  he  heloni^i-d  to  l»y  his  ellorts  to 
establit^h  reli^iou;*,  philanthrojdc  and  educational  institutions.  The 
yoiinj^  folks,  we  have  no  dotiht,  found  njany  ways  of  robbing  old 
rime  of  loneliness.  It  wonhl  be  unfair  to  suppose  thcni,  esjMJci- 
allv  the  ladies,  destitute  of  fashi(»nal»le  aspirations,  but  the  nieana 
for  ;^audy  display  were  very  nuieh  circumscribed  in  those  days. 
The  male  attire  Consisted  chierty  of  buckskin,  or  homespun 
cloth, — we  mij^lit  add  h<>me-woven,  tiie  loom  being  far  more  com- 
mon in  or  iiear  tiieir  rude  huts  than  the  piano  or  ori;an.  They 
were  not,  however,  <lestitute  of  mu^ical  ta.-te,  and  many  of  their 
Vocal  performaiu'es  would  compare  favorably  with  our  present 
choirs.  We  may  safely  say  they  gang  with  the  spirit.  Most  of 
the  ladies, "al-o,  wore  ht>mespun,  which  they  manufactured  from 
Wool,  thix,  c<»tt«.n,  and  the  bark  or  lint  «»f  the  nettle,  cidored  with 
such  ingre<lient8  as  nature  j>rovided,  without  the  aid  of  art.  \  ft  w 
even  adopted  buckskin,  llow  many  yanb  of  the  latter  artichj 
were  re(piired  for  a  fashinnable  dre.--  in  those  times,  or  in  what 
particular  ^tvle  it  wa*  cut  and  trimmed,  we  are  not  informed,  and 
mu^t  leave  tlie  ladies  to  draw  their  own  conclusions.  These  dresses 
certainly  were  durable,  and  shieldeil  the  wearer  in  out-door  exer- 
ci>es  ineitleift  to  the  planting,  attending  and  gjithcring  of  croj  b,  in 
which  jiursuit  the  ladies  in  all  new  countries  ashist. 

.Vrjother  of  the  prevaiiiing  fa^hi••ns  wivs  of  that  of  cjirrying  fire- 
arms, made  necessary  by  the  presence  of  roving  bands  of  Indian-, 
most  of  whom  were  Oblensiblv  friendly,  but  like  Itidians  in  all 
times,  treacherous  ajul  unreliable.  Th<'^>e  trilx-s  were  j)rincipally 
I'ottawatomies.  There  were  also  in  the  northern  ]>art  i»f  the  State 
several  trilH;8  of  hostile  Indians,  ready  at  any  time  to  make  a  mur- 
derous, thieving  raid  upon  the  white  settlers;  and  an  Indian  war 
at  anv  time  was  an  ae -epted  j»robiibility ;  a?id  these  old  settlerij 
today  have  vivid  recollections  of  the  Hlack  Hawk  and  other  Indian 
wars.  And,  while  target  practice  was  much  indulged  in  as  an 
amusement,  it  was  also  necessary  for  a  j)roper  self-<lefen6e,  the 
settlers  finding  it  i:  -y  at  times  to  carry  their  guns  with  them 

when  they  went  to  i,..     i.eircorn.     In   some  instances  their  gun»  »j 
were  stackeil  in  the  tield  and  the  lalKjrers  worke<l   f<»r  a  certain  dis- 
tance aronnd  them,  and  then  moved  the  guns  to  a  certain  |>ositiott  i| 
and  again  proceeded  with  their  work. 

These  were  oidy  a  few  of  the  hardships  incideJit  to  pioneer  life,  ,| 
wliicli  was  largely  made  up  of  privatiiuis,  inconveniences  and  dan- 
gers. They  had  lew  labor-saving  machines  and  no  reliable  markets. 
Even  communicjition  by  letter  with  their  distant  friends  and  rela- 
tives was  rendered  difficult  for  want  of  proper  mail  facilities,  and  J 
Sometimes  for  the  want  of  money  to  pay  the  postage  on  the  letter* i 
sent  to  them, — the  postage  then  being  twenty-five  cents  for  a  single  J 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  347 

letter,  many  of  wlilcli  remained   in  tlie  office  for  wciikd  on  account 
of  the  inability  of  the  persons  addressed  to  ])ay  the  postage. 

MARKKTS. 

The  earliest  settlers  of  the  county  went  to  St.  Louis  with  what 
little  produce  they  luid  to  sell,  and  the  merchants  bouglit  all  their 
goods  in  that  city.  Soon,  however,  Louisiana  became  a  market, 
and  produce  was  wagoned  to  that  city  and  from  there  sent  south  \/ 
on  the  river.  There  was  at  that  time  no  sale  for  corn,  or  com- 
})aratively  none,  and  wheat  would  bring  but  a  small  price;  so  that 
re;dly  there  was  no  impetus  given  to  the  raising  of  ij^rain  of  an j 
sort,  except  fur  home  consumption,  until  the  advent  of  the  railroad. 
At  that  time  improvement  began.  The  great  resources  of  the 
county  which  had  scarcely  supplied  more  than  home  demand  were 
then  turned  to  supply  the  wants  of  thousands.  That  (occasion,  the 
advent  of  railroads,  was  the  commencement  of  agricultural  develop- 
ment. It  was  the  commencement  of  the  manufacturing  institu- 
tions the  count}'  can  now  boast  of;  it  was  the  building  of  her  thriv- 
ing cities  and  towns;  indeed  it  was  the  beginning  of  progress. 

One  of  the  earliest  steam-boats  in  tlie  Illinois  river  trade  was  the 
steamer  "  Exchange,"  which  plied  between  St.  Louis  and  Peoria. 
She  was  familiarly  known  as  "the  Shingle  Weaver,"  so  called  from  . 
the  fact  of  her  carrying  upon  her  hurricane  deck  a  machine  for  cut- 
ting shingles,  which  was  operated  by  the  machinery  of  the  boat, 
cutting  whenever  the  boat  was  in  motion.  Shingle  timber  would 
be  obtained  at  the  wood-3'ards  along  the  river,  and  market  found 
for  the  manufactured  goods  at  St.  Louis.  This  boat  was  an  especial 
favorite  with  the  people  of  this  county,  many  of  whom  would, 
when  desiring  to  take  a  trip  by  the  river,  wait  for  her  coming,  and 
most  of  the  early  stocks  of  goods  for  the  eastern  part  of  the  county 
were  shipped  on  her;  she  also  carried  most  of  the  county's  "bees- 
wax "  and  other  products  to  their  market. 

"When  the  first  settlers  came  to  the  wilderness"  says  an  old  set- 
tler, "  they  all  supposed  that  their  hard  struggle  would  be  prin- 
cipally over  after  tlie  first  year ;  but  alas!  we  looked  for  'easier 
tiines'next  year  '  for  about  ten  years,  and  learned  to  bear  hardships, 
privation  and  hard  living  as  good  soldiers  do.  As  the  facilities  for 
making  money  were  not  great,  we  lived  pretty  well  satisfied  in  an 
atmosphere  of  good,  social,  friendly  feeling,  and  thought  ourselves 
as  good  as  those  we  left  behind  when  we  emigrated  West." 

CHILLS  AND  FEVER. 

One  of  the  greatest  obstacles  to  the  early  settlement  and  prosper- 
ity of  this  county  was  the  "chills  and  fever,"  or  "  ague,"  or  "  Illinois 
shakes,"  as  it  was  variously  styled.  This  disease  was  a  terror  to  -y 
new  comers.  In  the  fall  of  the  year  everybody  was  afflicted  with 
it.  It  was  no  resj)ecter  of  persons;  everybody  slux^k  with  it,  and 
it  was  in  every  person's  system.     They  all  looked  pale  and  yellow  as 


348  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTV. 

th()U»^h  they  were  frK-tliitton.  It  whs  not  eoiitnij^ious,  hut  was  a 
kind  (»t'miH8nm  rtoatiiii^  Mrouiid  in  the  iitiijosphere  and  alisorhcd 
into  thu  system.  It  contintied  to  l»e  ahsorhi-d  from  dav  to  dav,  and 
week  to  wl?t'k,  until  the  whoU»  body  corporate  became  charged  with 
it  as  with  electricity,  and  then  the  shock  came;  and  the  shock  was 
a  re<;nhir  shake,  with  :i  tixcd  bc<^innin«j^  and  an  endiiiij,  comini;  on 
each  ^\iiy^  or  each  alternate  day,  with  a  regularity  that  was  surpris- 
in<^.  Alter  the  shake  came  the  fever,  and  this  "last  estate  wiis 
worse  thafi  the  first.  "  It  was  a  burning,  hot  fever  and  lasted  for 
hours.  When  you  had  the  chiJI  you  couldn't  <;et  warm,  and  when 
you  liad  the  fever  yuu  couldn't  ^et  cool.  It  was  e.xeeedin^lv 
awkwanl  in  this  respect;  indeed  it  wai«.  Nor  would  it  stop  f<»r  any 
sort  of  continjijency.  Not  even  a  wedding  in  the  family  would 
stoj)  it.  It  was  imperative  anti  tyranniail.  When  the  appointed 
time  c.ime  aroutid  everythin;;  else  had  to  Ik*  htopped  t<»  attend 
to  its  demands.  It  di<ln't  even  have  any  Sunday  or  holidays. 
After  the  fever  went  <lown  you  still  didn't  feel  much  better.  ^  on 
felt  as  though  you  had  gone  tiirough  some  sort  of  collision  and 
came  out  not  killed  but  badly  demoralized.  You  felt  weak,  as 
tluiugh  you  had  run  too  tar  after  something,  atid  then  didn't 
catch  it.  You  felt  languid,  stupid  and  sore,  and  was  down  in 
the  mouth  and  heel  and  partially  raveled  out,  so  to  speak.  Your 
back  was  out  of  fix  and  your  appetite  was  in  a  worse  condition 
than  your  bacL,  Your  head  ached  and  your  eyes  had  more  white 
in  them  than  usual,  and  altogetlicr  you  felt  poor,  disconso- 
late and  sad.  You  didn't  think  much  of  yourself,  and  didn't 
believe  i>ther  jK'oplo  did  cither,  and  yon  didn't  care.  You 
didn't  think  n)uch  of  suicide^  but  at  the  same  time  you  almost  made 
ui>  your  mind  that  under  certain  circumstances  it  was  justitiable. 
^  on  imagine*!  that  even  the  dogs  looked  at  you  with  a  kind  of  self- 
comjducency.     You  thought  the  sun   had  a  kind  of  sickly    shine 

alntut  it.     About  this  t- •    ii  came  to  the   conclusion    that  3*ou 

Would  not  accept  the  \\  ^tate  of  Illinois  a«  a  gift,  and    if  you 

ha<l  tlie  strength  and  means,  you  picked  up  Hannah  and  the  baby 
and  y«»ur  traj»s,  and  went  back  '*  yandcr  "  to  Injianny,  Ohio,  or  old 
Kaintuck. 

■■  A'   '  •  '  ";,' 

H.  . 

MiHXMiy  within  the  Hiin»>hinc, 

Ju^t  inside  my  silent  iliHir, 
Wrtiling  for  ihe  •  apcr,'  soeniinjj 
Like  a  '         '"  rf'ViTtln    -     - 
Antl  111  lit  nn  III  iiing 

Ti  :.  li.c  floor; 

For  I   :i  ~  I  IxW 

To  make  shadows  on  ihe  floor — 

Narj-  shadow  any  morel" 

The  above  is  no  ])ictnre  of  the  imagination.  It  is  simply  re- 
counting what  occiirre<l  in  hundreds  of  instiinces.  Whole  families 
would  sometimes  be  sick  at  one  time,  and  not  one  member  scarcely 


HISTORY    OF   PIKP:   COUNTY.  349 

able  to  wait  upon  another.     One  widow  lady  on  the   Illinois   river 
informs  us  that  she  lost  nine  children  from  this  dreaded  disease! 

COOKING. 

To  witness'the  various  processes  of  cooking  in  those  days  would 
alike  surjirise  and  amuse  those  who  have  grown  up  since  cooking 
stoves  and  ranges  came  into  use.  Kettles  were  hung  over  the  large 
fire,  suspended  on  trammels  which  were  held  by  strong  poles.  The 
long-handled  frying-pan  was  used  for  cooking  meat.  It  was  held 
on  the  fire  by  hand  ;  or,  to  save  time,  the  handle  was  laid  across 
the  back  of  a  chair.  This  pan  was  also  used  for  baking  short-cake. 
A  better  article  was  a  cast-iron  spider,  which  was  set  upon  coals  on 
the  hearth.  But  the  best  thing  for  baking  bread  was  the  flat-bot- 
tomed bake-kettle,  of  greater  depth,  with  closely  fitting  cast-iron 
cover,  and  commonl}' known  as  the  "Dutch  oven."  With  coals 
over  and  under  it  bread  and  buscuit  would  quickly  and  nicely  bake. 
Turkeys  and  spare-ribs  were  sometimes  roasted  before  the  fire,  sus- 
pended by  a  string,  a  dish  being  ])laced  underneath  to  catch  the 
drippings. 

IMPLEMENTS. 

The  agricultural  implements  used  by  the  first  farmers  here  would 
in  this  age  of  improvement  be  great  curiosities.  The  plow  used 
was  called  the  bar-share  plow.  The  iron  point  consisted  of  a  bar  of 
iron  about  two  feet  long,  and  a  broad  share  of  iron  welded  to  it. 
At  the  extreme  point  was  a  coulter  that  passed  through  a  beam  six 
or  seven  feet  long,  to  which  were  attached  handles  of  corresponding 
length.  The  mold-bi)ard  was  a  wooden  one  split  out  of  winding 
timber,  or  hewed  into  a  winding  shape  in  order  to  turn  the  soil 
over.  Sown  seed  was  brushed  in  by  dragging  over  the  ground  a 
sapling  with  a  bushy  top.  In  harvesting  the  change  is  most  strik- 
ing. Instead  of  the  reapers  and  mowers  of  to-day,  the  sickle  and 
cradle  were  used.  The  grain  was  threshed  with  a  flail,  or  trodden 
out  by  horses  or  oxen. 

women's  work. 

The  men  were  not  called  upon  to  endure  alone  all  the  hardships 
and  labor  of  frontier  life.  The  women  also  had  their  physical  labor 
to  perform,  and  much  of  it  was  quite  arduous.  Spinning  was  one 
of  the  commun  household  duties.  This  exercise  is  one  which  few 
of  the  present  generation  of  girls  have  ever  enjoyed.  The  wheel 
nsed  for  spinning  flax  was  called  the  ''  little  wheel,"  to  distinguish 
it  from  the  "  big  wheel,"  used  for  spinning  yarn.  These  stringed 
instruments  furnished  the  princijial  music  of  the  family,  and  were 
operated  by  our  mothers  and  grandmothers  with  great  skill,  attained 
without  pecuniary  expense  and  with  far  less  practice  than  is  neces- 
sary for  the  girls  of  our  period  to  acquire  a  skillful  use  of  their 
costlv  and  elegant  instruments. 


350  nisroKY  <»k  imkk  county. 

Tlie  l«iuin  was  not  less  necessary  tli.tii  the  wheel.  Not  every 
houee,  however,  in  which  sj»innin^  was  done  had  a  lonni;  but  there 
were  alwavs  gome  in  each  settlement  who,  besides  doin^  their  own 
weaviii";,  did  some  for  others.  Settlers,  having  succeeded  in  spite 
of  tlu'  wolvL's  in  raisinij  sheoj>,  cimmenced  tJie  miinn("actiire  of 
wonlon  cloth;  wool  was  carded  and  made  into  ndls  by  hand  cards, 
and  the  rolls  were  spun  on  the  "  bi»;  wheel."  Weoccaiiionully  find 
now,  in  the  houses  of  the  old  settlers,  one  of  these  bij;  wheels,  some- 
times used  for  spinniii;^  and  twit^titii;  stockin<^  yarn.  They  are 
turned  with  the  hand,  and  with  such  vcK»city  that  it  will  run  itself 
while  the  nimble  worker,  by  her  backward  step,  draws  out  and 
twists  her  threa<l  nearly  the  whole  l»ni;tli  of  the  cabin  A  connnon 
article  woven  on  the  loom  wa>  liiiM-y,  alsi>  called  linsey-wotdscy,  the 
chain  ))einf;  linen  and  the  tilling  woolen.  This  doth  was  used  for 
dresses  fur  the  girls  and  mothers.  Nearly  all  the  c  othes  worn  by 
the  men  were  also  home-made.  Iw^irely  was  a  farmer  or  his  son 
seen  in  a  coat  made  of  any  other.  If,  occiisionally,  a  young  man 
appeared  in  a  suit  of  "boughten  "  chuhes,  he  was  suspected  of  hav- 
ing gotten  it  for  a  particular  occasion,  which  occurs  in  the  life  of 
nearly  every  man. 

N«»t  until  the  settlers  Inul  supplied  ihenuelve*  with  the  more  use- 
ful articles  of  cluthing  and  with  edibles  of  various  kind?*,  did  wheat 
bread  bec<»me  a  common  article  of  food.  It  is  true  they  had  it 
earlier,  but  this  wa«  only  served  on  extra  occasions,  as  when  visitors 
came,  or  on  Sumlavs;  and  with  this  luxury  they  would  have  a  lit 
tie  "  store  cotfee."  '*  The  little  brown  jug  "  found  a  j»lace  in  alnxtst 
every  home,  and  was  often  brought  into  use.  No  caller  w:is  {>cr- 
mitted  to  leave  the  house  without  an  invitation  to  partake  of  it* 
contents. 

PLKASUKU}  OF  rioNKKK    LIKE. 

The  history  of  pioneer  life  generally  presents  the  dark  side  of  the 
picture;  but  the  toils  and  privations  of  the  early  settlers  were  not  a 
series  of  unmitigatetl  suft'erings.  No;  for  while  the  fathers  and 
mothers  t«>ile*l  hard,  they  w«'re  not  averse  to  a  little  relaxation,  and 
had  their  sea>ons  of  fun  and  eni«»yment.  They  contrived  to  do 
something  to  break  the  monotony  of  their  daily  life  and  furnish 
them  a  good,  hearty  laugh.  Among  the  more  general  forms  of 
amusement  were  the  "  cjuilting-bee,"  ''corn-husking."  "ap))le-par- 
ing,"  '*  log  rolling  ''  and  "house-raising."  Our  young  readers  will 
doubtless  be  interested  in  a  descrii)tion  of  these  forms  of  amuse- 
ment, when  labor  was  made  to  afford  fun  and  enjoyment  to  all  par- 
ticipating. The  ''<j  nil  ting- bee,"  as  its  name  implies,  was  when  the 
industrious  qtnilities  of  the  busy,  little  insect  that  "improves  each 
shining  hour"  were  exemplified  in  the  manufacture  of  quilt*?  for 
the  houseludd.  In  the  afternoon  ladies  for  miles  around  gathered 
at  an  a]»j>ointed  place,  and  while  their  tongues  would  not  cease  to 
play,  their  hands  were  as  busily  engaged  in  makiiii;  the  quilt;  and 
desire  was  always  manifetted  to  get  it  out  as  (juickly   as  j)0S6ible, 


'UXy^^X^  '/S^^c'  /  i^i 


GRI66SVILLE 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   OOUNTT.  353 

for  then  the  fun  would  ben^in.  In  the  evening  tlie  gentlemen  came, 
and  the  hours  would  then  pass  swiftly  by  in  ])Iaying  games  or  danc- 
inar.  "  Corn-luiskiiigs  "  were  when  both  sexes  united  in  the  work. 
Thev  usuallv^  assembled  in  a  large  barn,  which  wasari-an<jed  for  the 
occasion;  and  when  each  gentleman  had  selected  a  lady  partner  the 
huskin<;  beo^an.  When  a  lady  found  a  red  ear  she  was  entitled  to 
a  kiss  from  every  gentleman  present;  when  a  gentleman  found  one 
he  was  allowed  to  kiss  every  lady  present.  After  the  corn  was  all 
husked  a  good  supper  was  served;  then  the  "old  folks"  would 
leave,  and  the  remainder  of  the  evening  was  spent  in  the  dance  and 
in  having  a  general  good  time.  The  recreation  afforded  to  the 
young  people  on  the  annual  recurrence  of  these  festive  occasions 
was  as  highly  enjoyed,  and  quite  as  innocent,  as  the  amusements  of 
the  present  boasted  age  of  refinement  and  culture. 

FURNITURE  OF  THE  PIONEER    CABINS. 

The  furniture  of  the  cabin  was  as  primitive  as  the  occupants.  In 
one  corner — perhaps  in  two  or  three  corners — were  the  bedsteads. 
These  were  your  genuine  "cottage  bedsteads,"  made  by  boring  one 
hole,  say  four  feet  from  one  corner  of  the  cabin,  into  a  "  house-log," 
another  hole,  say  six  feet  from  the  same  corner,  on  another  side; 
opposite  these  holes  was  set  an  upright  post,  usually  a  section  from 
the  body  of  a  peeled  sapling;  in  this  post  two  holes  would  be  beared 
at  any  desired  height,  aiid  at  right  angles  with  each  other;  poles 
were  inserted  in  these  holes,  making  in  this  manner  a  square  frame; 
over  this  frame  was  laid  a  covering  of  clapboards,  or,  as  some  de- 
nominated them,  "  shakes,"  and  on  top  of  this  platform  the  bed 
was  spread.  The  chairs  were  not  exactly  chairs,  but  three-legged 
stools  or  puncheon  benches.  The  cupboard  was  literally  a  cup- 
board, being  a  puncheon  supported  by  pins  driven  into  holes  in  the 
house  logs  at  some  convenient  corner.  The  boxes  which  had  held 
the  family  dry  goods  while  en  route  to  the  new  country  generally 
furnished  the  table,  and  a  trough  or  troughs  the  meat  and  soap  bar- 
rels. Hollow  logs  sawed  into  sections  and  provided  with  a  pun- 
cheon bottom  furnished  a  receptacle  for  meal,  potatoes,  beans,  wheat, 
"and  sich  like  truck" — to  use  the  pioneer  vernacular.  The  table 
was  bounteously  supplied  with  "samp,"  "lye  hominy,"  "corn 
pone,"  honey,  venison,  pork,  stewed  pumj>kin,  wild  turkey,  prairie 
chicken  and  other  game.  Wheat  bread,  tea,  coffee,  and  fruit — ex- 
cept wild  fruit — were  luxuries  not  to  be  indulged  in  except  on 
special  occasions,  as  a  wedding  or  gala  day.  "  Samp  "  was  quite  a 
frequent  dish.  It  was  made  by  burning  a  hole  into  some  conven- 
ient stump  in  the  shape  of  a  mortar;  this  hole  was  filled  with  corn 
and  pounded  by  a  large  pestle  hung  like  theold-fashioned  well-sweep 
pendent  from  a  long  pole,  which  was  neai'ly  balanced  on  an  upright 
fork.  This  pole  luid  a  weight  attached  to  one  end  and  the  pestle 
to  the  other;  the  weight  would  lilt  the  pestle,  while  manual  force 
was  expected  to  bring  it  down.  When  the  "  samp  "  was  pounded 
sufficiently,  it  was  washed  and  boiled  like  rice. 

22 


384  III.STOKY    t>F    riKK    COUNTY. 

culled.  Exclian<^ing  tlioir  soldiers'  uiiifortne  tor  citizens'  drees,  most 
of  tliem  fell  back  to  tluiir  old  vocations. — on  the  farm,  at  the  for^^e, 
at  the  bench,  in  the  simp,  and  at  whatever  else  their  hands  found  to 
do.  Brave  men  are  honorahh'  always,  and  no  claes  of  citizens  are 
entitled  to  greater  respect  than  tlie  volunteer  soldiery  of  l*ike 
county,  not  alone  hecause'  they  were  soldiers,  but  because  in  their 
associations  with  tht'ir  fellow-nu'ii  their  walk  is  uprii^ht.  and  their 
honesty  and  character  without  reproach. 

Tlii'ir  «i>untrv  lir^l,  tlu-ir  clon,'  un<l  tluir  priile, 
I.ikiiii  of  tluir  Ii(>|h;.»,  laiiti  wliirt-  llicir  ruthcrH  diod ; 
Whi'ii  in  ihf  ri;.Mit,  Ilit y'll  kfip  their  lionor  brifjht; 
Whi'U  in  tli«'  wrofiiv  thiy'l)  ■!!"   ii>  set  it  right. 

The  soldiers  of  Pike  coiintv  met  at  the  conrt-hoiise  Ati;:.  23. 
1^(I»'..  The  mt'ctirji;  wa-^  called  to  order  by  Maj.  T.  W.  .lones,  when  Dr. 
E.  M.  Set-ley  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  James  11.  Crane  was  aj»- 
pointed  Secretary.  Tiie  ttbjcct  of  the  meeting  was  to  t-ake  measures 
tor  raising  funds  for  the  erection  of  a  monument.  Elaborate  re^olu- 
tions  were  a<loj>ted  with  r«'ference  to  the  loyalty  and  tidelity  of  the 
soliliery,  etc.,  and  symjiathy  with  the  sutiering,  the  witiows  and  or- 
phans etc.;  and  committees  of  soldiers,  Hve  in  each  township,  were 
appointeil  t  >  solicit  donations.  A  central  c^jmmittee  for  the  county 
was  also  appointed,  and  li  committee  to  solicit  $10,(iO()  from  the 
county  tnasury.  Consi<l»'rabh'  enthusiasm  was  manifested  in  this 
work  e>f  love,  and  a  wish  to  hojjor  the  hert»ic  dead,  the  citizen 
soldiers  who  yieldetl  their  lives  a  sacrifice  to  their  country,  but 
nothing  definitely  toward  the  final  carrying  out  of  the  project  was 
overdone.  Although  no  nmrble  pile  ri>es  heavenward  toeoiiMnemo- 
rate  the  fallen  hemes,  yet  we  know  that  the  memory  <»f  their  valor 
and  heroic  devotion  to  our  country  will  nover  fade  in  the  minds 
and  hearts  of  the  citizens,  and  that  their  love  and  gratitude  are  as 
8'rong  and  undying  as  though  a  monumciit  of  stones  were  piled 
up  as  high  as  I'.uIm  1'-  tower. 


CHAPTER  XV. 
PIKE  COUNTY  BAR. 

PIONEER  COORTS. 

The  records  of  the  early  Courts  found  in  the  Circuit  Clerk's 
office  open  us  i'ullows: 

"  At  ii  Circuit  Court  beii:un  and  held  at  Cole's  Grove,  within  and 
for  the  county  of  Pike,  on  Monday,  the  first  day  of  October,  in  the 
year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  twenty-one.  Present,  Hoi). 
John  Reynolds,  Judge. 

"  The  Shej'iif  of  the  county  returned  a  panel  of  grand  jurors, 
which  being  called  over,  sixteen  of  them  appeared  and  were  sworn 
agreeably  to  law,  viz:  Levi  Roberts,  foreman;  Ebenezer  Franklin, 
Gardner  H.  Tullus,  Joel  Bacon,  George  Tully,  Ebenezer  Smith, 
David  Button,  Amos  Bancroft,  James  Nixon,  Nathaniel  Shaw, 
Thomas  Proctor,  Richard  Dilley,  Stephen  Dewey,  "William  Massey, 
(Jomfort  Shaw.  Daniel  Phillips;  and  the  following  persons  were 
called  but  made  default,  to  wit:  Leonard  Ross,  Henry  J.  Ross, 
Daniel  Shinn,  James  M.  Seeley,  Abraham  Kuntz,  Levi  Newman, 
Henry  Loup,  John  Bolter  and  John.  Jackson. 

"  Joseph  Jervais  and  John  Shaw,  interpreters  sworn  to  give  evi- 
dence to  the  grand  jury." 

The  first  case  called  was  "  Solomon  Smith,  assignee  of  Elias  K. 
Kane,  vs.  Wm.  Frye,  action  of  debt."  The  case  was  continued,  as 
the  defendant  was  reported  l)y  the  Sheriff  not  found. 

The  second  case  was  a  "libel  for  a  divorce,"  by  Salley  Durham, 
plaintiff,  vs.  John  Durham,  defendant.     The  defendant  not  appear 
ing,  the  case  went  against  him. 

The  fijurth  case  was  the  indictment  of  two  Indians  for  murder, 
an  account  of  which  is  given  in  our  chapter  entitled  "Criminal 
Record.'' 

Pike  county  was  originally  in  the  let  Judicial  Circuit,  then  in  the 
5th,  and  is  now  in  the  llth,  comprising  the  counties  of  Adams, 
Hancock,  McDonough,  Fulton,  Schuyler,  Brown  and  Pike.  By 
provision  of  a  recent  State  law  the  Circuit  elects  three  Judijes,  who 
divide  the  work  between  them. 

Four  A])i)(jilate  D.sti-icts  were  defined  in  the  State  in  1877,  for 
each  of  which  the  Supreme  Court  appoints  three  Judges,  and  these 


356 


Hl^ri>KV    OF    I'IKK    COUMV. 


alter  years  the  H>sociatii»ns   thus   forineJ  are    never  burie<l  out  of 
iiiejiu»ry. 

In  j>iuiieer  lilc  are  always  incidentj*  i»t'  peculiar  interest,  not  only 
to  the  pioneers  themselves,  hut  whicii  if  properly  preserved,  wnnid 
In;  of  interest  to  posterity;  and  it  is  a  matter  of  some  rennet  that 
••The  Old  Settlers'  Asaociation  "  was  not  formed  years  before  it 
was,  and  that  more  copious  records  were  not  kej>t.  Such  an  asso- 
ciation with  well  kept  reei»rd8  of  the  mure  important  events,  si:ch 
as  dates  of  arrivals,  hirths,  marriaj^es,  deaths,  removals,  nativities, 
etc.,  as  any  one  can  easily  and  readily  eee,  would  he  the  direct 
means  of  preserving  to  the  literatiire  of  the  country  the  history  of 
every  community,  lliitt  to  future  i;eneraiions  w<iuld  l)e  valuable  aa 
a  rect>rd  of  reference,  and  a  ready  antl  sure  method  of  settling 
important  questions  of  controversy.  Such  records  would  possess 
tacts  and  tii^ures  that  could  not  be  iiad  from  any  other  source. 
Aside  from  this  historic  iniportanco  such  associations  serve  as  a 
means  ol  ki'epin;;  alive  and  further  cementin;;  old  friendships  and 
renewing;  amonjj  its  members  associations  that  were  necessarily 
interrupted  Ity  the  innovation  of  increasing  population,  cultivating 
social  intercdurse  and  creatinj^  a  charitable  fund  for  such  of  their 
old  members  as  were  victims  of  nnsfortune  and  adversity. 

The  subject  of  orifani/.in^j  an  old  settlers'  society  was  brought  tip 
in  the  summer  of  1>'"  •.  in  the  Pike  Citunfy  DtVKHTtit  of  Jn\y 
29,  that  year,  the  following  significant  |)asgage  occurs:  "  Tiie  time 
will  come  when  the  history  of  this  ct»unty  will  be  written.  For 
that  history,  the  meeting  of  such  society  will  furnish  the  best  ma- 
terial, and  the  parties  now  living  attest  the  facts  tliat  will  form  a 
large  j>ortion  of  it."  There  was  nothing  definitely  done  toward 
the  organization  of  this  socieiy  until  the  summer  of  1872,  when 
some  of  the  lea«ling  t»ld  settlers  interested  themselves  in  it.  The 
first  meeting  was  iield  on  what  is  called  Blue  creek,  Aug.  21,  1872. 
The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Wm.  Turnbull,  of  Flint,  on 
whose  motion  Capt.  I*.  F.  Westlake  wasaj»p<»int«'d  tenjj)<»rary  Chair- 
man. I' poll  taking  the  chair  Ch\A.  We^tlake  stated  in  brief  the 
object  of  the  nieetifig,  an<l  for  the  jMirpose  of  effecting  on  organiza- 
tion he  suggested  the  propriety  of  aj»p»inting  acommitteeon  perma- 
nent organization  to  report  to  the  meeting  at  1  o'clock,  p.  m.  This 
committee  consisted  of  Col.  A.  C.  Matthews,  Jas.  II.  Dimmittand 
Wm.  Turnbull.  The  meeting  was  then  addressed  by  Ilev.  Mr.  Mc- 
Coy, after  which  an  adjourtimemtwas  had  until  1  o'clock, r.  m.  After 
the  dinner  was  dispatchcil  the  people  were  called  together  by  the 
clioir,  discoursing  most  pleasant  music.  After  singing  the  commit- 
tee on  permanent  «>rganization  reported  the  folhtwing  named  per- 
sons as  officers  ^f  the  "Old  Settlers'  Association  of  Pike  and  Calhoim 
Counties,  111." 

For  President,  Col.  Wm.  Ross,  Newhurg;  1st  Vice  President, 
Col.  Benj.  Barney,  Pleasant  Vale;  2d  Vice  President,  Daniel  B. 
Bush.  Pittstield;  3d  Vice  President, Cant.  B.  F.  Westlake.  Ncwburg; 
4th  Vice  President,  Capt.   Benj.   L.   Slatthews,  Perry;  5th   Vice 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  357 

President,  Jos.  Brown,  Cluimborshuri;;  6tli  Vice  President,  John 
Lyster,  Detroit;  7tli  Vice  President,  jas.  Grimes,  Alilton;  8th  Vice 
President,  Abel  Shelley,  Grigi^sville;  9th  Vice  President,  Perry 
Wells,  Atlas;  10th  Vice  President,  Sara'l  G.  Sitton,  llardin;  11th 
Vice  President,  Wni.  Graniniar,  Hadley;  12th  Vice  President, 
Monri^.iinerv  Blair,  Hurry;  18th  Vice  President,  John  Brittain, 
Martinsbnr<;;  14th  Vice  President,  Thos  II.  Dininiitt,  Gri^^sviile. 
Secretary,  Marcellns  Ross,  Wewburi^;  1st  Assistant  Secretary,  Dr. 
E.  M.  Seelev,  Pittsfield;  2d  Assistant  Secretary  Wni.  Turnbnll, 
Flint. 

Col.  Barney  ])resided  at  this  ineetini]^,  Col.  Ross  being  absent  on 
acconnt  of  sickness.  A  coininnnication  was  however  read  from  tlie 
President.  Rev.  W.  D.  Trotter,  one  of  the  pioneer  preachers  of  the 
connty,  spoke  for  abont  an  hour,  I'eviewing  the  early  life  of  the 
pioneers.  Hon.  William  A.  Grimshaw  delivered  the  address  of  the 
day.  It  was  an  ably  prepared  historical  review  of  the  county's  liis- 
tory.  Indeed,  so  rejilete  is  it  with  interesting  facts  of  pioneer 
times  that  we  give  the  entire  address  iu  this  connection: 

ADDRESS    OF    HON.   WILLIAM    A.  GKIMSHAW. 

Mr.  P res'' de lit ^  Ladles  and  Gentlemen  : — Selected  by  your 
committee  of  arrangements  to  bid  you  welcome  liere  to-day,  I  do 
SO  most  cordially,  as  an  old  settler  myself,  of,  sa}',  the  second  period 
of  Pike  county,  coming  here  in  the  year  1S33  ;  that  being  after  tiie 
winter  (»f  tlie  deep  snow,  which  was  our  early  noted  period  in  the 
annals  of  this  then  wild,  romantic,  and  beautiful  countr3',  sparsely 
settled  and  embraced  in  the  bounds  of  Pike  county.  That  snow 
with  us,  once,  was  the  starting  point  of  the  date  of  current  events, 
although  our  records  of  the  courts  of  justice  do  not  legally  recog- 
nize that  as  a  "  day  in  law,"  yet  we  even  in  courts,  in  the  simplicity 
of  our  early  language,  often  heard  events  traced  by  that  snow  as 
the  date  point. 

In  the  early  days  we  all  enjoyed  the  largest  constitutional  liberty; 
we  voted  for  him  we  liked  best,  as  I,  a  Whig,  did  for  "honest  Joe 
Duncan,"  a  Dewfocrat,  on  a  deep  question  in  those  days,  tiie  Illi- 
nois and  Miclfi^n  Canal,  "  the  deep  cut ;"  we  also  each  worshipped 
God  according  to  the  dictates  of  our  own  conscience  and  under  our 
vine  aTid  tig-tree.  When  Brother  Trotter,  who  is  now  present, 
venerable  with  years  and  revered  for  piety,  or  old  Father  Woolf, 
now  gathered  to  his  fathers,  l)lessed  for  his  good  deeds,  carae 
around  to  his  appointment,  all,  of  every  religion  and  no  one  religion, 
turneil  out  U)  meeting  in  the  woods  or  the  log  school-house  or  at  a 
settler's  home.  We  had  no  line  churches  in  those  days.  Mormons 
puzzled  the  unwary  by  their  startling  pretense  at  new  revelations. 
Or,  if  disappointed  by  the  regular  minister,  old  Father  Petty  would 
recite,  in  orayer,  Belteshazzar's  feast,  in  trembling  tones  of  ])iet.y. 
'  Our  woi-thy  and  venerable  President  (^elect  but  absent).  Col.  Wm. 
Ross,  who  has  been  often  honored  by  the  people  of  Pike  Co.  by  their 


358  HrsTOKV  <iK   riKK  county. 

votes,  electing  him  to  lii<i:li  otiiccs  of  ptihlic.  trust,  could  tell  you 
mucli  of  tlu"  first  |K'rio«l  or  L'!U"lio.>t  vt'ars  of  the  settlement  of  your 
county,  as  he  arrived  iti  the  county  in  1820  and  settled  at  Atlas, 
which  was  the  county-seat  in  its  day,  and  was  laid  out  hy  the  Ross 
brothers.  Atlas  was  yet  the  place  at  which  the  county  records 
were  kept  in  1S33,  hut  in  the  snriui;  of  the  year  J'ittstield  was  sur- 
veyeil  antl  laid  off  into  lots  ami  the  sale  thereof  made  at  different 
periods,  the  first  sale  of  lots  heinj^  in  that  sprin«^.  A  court-house 
wjui  huilt  in  the  summer  of  1S33  at  Pittsheld  ;  from  that  event 
the  ^'reater  prosperity  of  the  county  and  an  increase  i»f  populatiiui 
bei£an. 

The  terror  infuse<l  into  the  puhlic  mind,  beyond  the  settlements 
of  Illinois,  by  the  iJlack.  Hawk  war,  which  had  retarded  emigration 
to  our  State,  the  Indians  bein<;  removeil  to  the  West  of  the  Missis- 
sippi, the  tide  of  emiijration  be^nn  to  set  in,  and  von  witn'ess  to- 
day, in  the  presence  here  of  this  assembla>^e,  the  vast  chan;;e  in  a 
little  over  fitly  years  since  the  Yankees  (who  came  before  the  clock- 
pedtllers)  set  foot  within  the  limits  of  Pike  count}',  as  it  now  exists. 
Clock  peddlers  were  the  only  ^entlemeri  in  those  days,  as  they  rode 
in  the  only  covered  carriage.-. 

It  is  true,  when  you  consiiler  the  rise  and  ;;rowth  of  ('hica«fo  in 
our  own  State,  and  of  St.  I^ouis  in  Missouri,  rival  cities,  each  of 
nearly  four  hundre<l  thousauil  people,  we  don't  seem  to  have  much 
to  hrai;  of  as  to  our  ^Towth.  Consider,  however,  that  we  are  almost 
strictly  an  agricultural  county,  that  bein^  our  chief  and  most  ]>rolit- 
able  pursuit,  and  then  the  •greatest  zealot  for  pro<fres6  nuist  admit 
that,  tVom  a  U't^innin;;  of  a  few  families  in  1S21,  we  are  now  a 
county  not  t»»  !»«•  sneezed  at.  and  especially  when  our  vote  at  the 
polls  is  counti'd.  Kxcluditiif  counties  in  which  cities  have  arisen, 
we  are  most  densely  |>opulated,  more  so  than  many  in  our  beauti- 
ful Illintiis,  and  vet  we  have  bnt.id  acres  of  valuable  lands  in  a  state 
of  nature. 

Once  our  prairies  were  the  home  of  the  boundinj^  <leer  in  vast 
herds,  of  the  prarie  wolf,  the  prairie  fowl  in  <i;reat  flocks,  thd  tim- 
ber land  al)ounded  with  the  ^-quirrel,  the  turkey  and  the  pigeon, 
and  in  the  hollow  trees  we  had  the  beautiful  but  noisy  par(»<iuet; 
as  well  as  in  their  hauntsnumenius  other  birds  and  animals.  Ihese 
liave  in  a  <j;reat  measure  disaj»peare<l  until  game  is  a  rarity.  The 
wild  fruits  once  abounding  have  been  su}>erseded  by  more  luscions 
cultivated  fruits.  And  yet,  who  of  the  old  settlers  does  not  remem- 
ber with  a  twinkle  in  his  eye  the  old  settlers'  first  substitute  for  an 
apple,  a  big  turnip;  and  also  find  a  g<jod  taste  in  the  mouth  when 
he  thinks  of  t|,iose  nice  preserved  plums,  crab-apples  and  ground 
cherries,  ami  the  pumplcin  pie,  and  the  pork  mince  meat.  We 
then  think  of  the  prairie  and  woodland  each  abounding  In  the  sea- 
son in  beautiful  flowers,  rivaling  in  their  colors  the  rainbow.  These 
were  the  holiday  delights  of  (lame  and  maiden,  and  the  husbanil 
and  lover  were  alike  made  glad  in  tlieir  contemplation.  The  retro- 
spect of  nature  has  its    beauties.     The  reality  of  the  first  settler's 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  359 

life  in  a  new  country  is  often  full  of  prose  and  but  little  poetry. 
Compare  the  siinj)le  and  even  ])00r  furniture  of  otir  early  homes 
with  the  elegant  furniture  now  in  use,  and  what  a  contrast !  But 
with  all  the  drawbacks  of  an  early  settler's  life  few  rej)ine  at  their 
lot  in  this  beautiful  land.  None  can  who  accept  with  reflection 
and  thankfulness  the  many  mercies  which  crown  our  lives. 

I  am  reminded  by  this  retrosjiection,  tliat  yesterday,  on  return- 
ing home,  I  found  a  written,  kind  notification  frum  your  Com- 
mittee, in  charge  of  the  convening  of  this  your  first  Old  Settlers' 
meeting,  that  I  was  invited  and  expected  to  address  you  to-day.  ,1 
tlien  took  my  pen  to  endeavor  to  bridle  my  tluMiglits  and  to  bid 
them  serve  the  request  of  the  Committee,  that  1  should  sj)eak  as 
to  the  "honesty,  patience,  industry,  self-sacrifice  and  hospitality 
of  the  old  settlers." 

Honesty  was  the  rule,  crime  the  exception,  in  early  days.  It 
would  seem  as  if  at  the  first  mention  of  the  honesty  of  the  old  set- 
tlers it  was  a  sarcasm,  on  the  idea  of  lawyers  settling  here,  and  as 
if  I  had  some  personal  experience  and  revelation  to  make.  Of 
course  T  know  something  and  much  of  the  facts,  and  will  relate 
them. 

It  was  well  known  that  because  we  had  no  locks  we  never  locked 
our  houses  and  outbuildings;  it  was  proverbial  that  the  deer  skin 
of  the  door  latch  was  never  pulled  in,  that  is  the  latch  string  was 
out;  then  we  had  not  much  to  tempt  people  to  steal;  so  our  things 
lay  about  loose;  our  plows  with  their  wooden  mold-boards  hung 
on  the  fences  with  impunity;  but  at  Christmas  time,  the  plow  or 
ox  skull  hung  upon  a  tree  by  the  wayside,  remiiidedthe  passer-by, 
on  the  three-year  old,  riding  to  see  his  girl,  that  a  fool's  head  was 
too  soft  to  butt  either  of  those  pendants  in  the  tree. 

At  an  early  day  an  old  ax,  worth  fifty  cents  perhaps  in  these 
days  being  stolen,  the  vile  thief  was  ordered  to  leave  the  settle- 
ment of  Atlas,  and  did  leave  for  his  country's  good.  It  was  said 
that  loud  porcine  cries  were  heard  upon  the  "Sny  Island  "  at  times, 
because  men  would  kill  their  neii^hbor's  hoocs  :  that  was  a  trifling 
affair  and  cost  only  the  peiuilty  of  going  halves  with  the  nearest 
justice;  thus  dividing  the  meat — unless  the  head  and  ears  were 
found  and  those  bearing  some  man's  recorded  mark;  then  that  was 
a  case  for  the  Grand  Jury.  Hog  stealing  was  said  to  be  caused  by 
drinking  Sny  water. 

We  have  told  only  of  the  style  of  dishonest  tricks  in  those  days. 
With  more  faci^s  to  bear  us  out,  we  can  now  affirm  that  the  general 
reputation  of  our  early  settlers  was  remarkably'  good  for  honesty 
in  general,  but  there  was  a  slight  propensity  to  "hook  timber''  to 
make  rails  and  to  use  as  house  logs,  and  some  fellows  in  the  land, 
held,  in  fact  it  was  "common  law,"  that  a  "bee  tree"  even  in  your 
pasture  lot  was  lawful  ])lunder. 

As  to  the  ])atience  of  our  people,  if  that  means  bearing  uj)  with 
the  courage  of  a  true  man  and  true  woman  under  the  perils  to 
limb  and  property,  the  early  settlers  were  exemplary  for  that;  the 


^ 


860  IIISTUUY    OK    riKK   OOUNTV. 

triaU  i>f  ail  early  scttlfrV  lilo  were  U';;i<^M.  His  resources,  so  far 
as  siipjdies  for  liis  fiiinily,  were  siiiull;  his  debts  were  a  ^reat  \vx- 
atioii,  and  some,  it'  iittt  all,  had  these  ]  ests,  until  the  laiidi*  were 
entered  and  paid  lor,  the  money  often  bein^  loaned  at  interest  as 
hi^h  ais  75  per  eentinn  jht  annum.  Then  if  von  went  to  mill,  you 
journeyed  a  8ei>re,  aye,  threij-seore  miles;  t«i  meeting;  (»!ten  as  lar. 
«'o  ltrid;^es,  and  hut  few  rtuids  existed;  the  saddle,  or  the  ox  eiirt, 
or  truck,  wooden -wheeled  wa^oii.  and  no  tine  carriages,  was  tlie 
uuxle  of  tnivel. 

Corn  dt»d:;»'r,  witliout  salt,  and  pork  i>r  side  nieat,w»  re  fjreat  staples; 
vegetah!e^  and  fruits,  unless  wild  fruits,  were  rarely  on  the  table, 
unh'fs  when  company  came  to  spend  the  afternoon,  or  to  a  <iuilt- 
in^.  then  the  Ik'sI  tlje  house  or  the  neiyhltorhood  aflforded  was 
f(»rthe«»niiii;j  fi»r  the  vibit«>r.  The  (juilliii«ij  parties  were  «i;etierally 
the  res«.rt  of  youn;;  and  old.  Mifrriap^>  wrre  rare  in  thohc  days, 
because  bachelors  were  ujore  plenty  than  belles. 

As  to  the  industry  of  tlie  i»Id  settlers,  as  n  class,  industry  was  to 
the  extent  of  present  ability,  implement^,  health  and  e<mdition,  :ind 
was  Hot  surpassed  by  the  toil  of  men  of  i1k«  pr«>enl  day.  The  ma- 
tron and  tli«*  fewyotini;  ladies  had  much  toil  and  vixution,  and  that 
was  often  more  excessive  on  wa«hday,  because  of  having  to  pick  up 
fuel  as  it  could  \hs  gleaned,  or  carrying  tiio  clothes  to  and  from 
the  wash  place,  whicli  was  a  branch  or  spring.  The  clothes-line 
was  a  grape  vinwtor  a  fence,  and  the  hogs  and  calves  tresiiassed  on 
that  to  "  chaw  the  tilings,"  and  to  keep  the  "creelers  ofl*,  old 
buss  and  the  old  woman  (not  yet  "25  years  old)  often  luid  a  hard 
fight  lest  the  baby  in  the  cradle  sitting  near  the  out  door  fire  should 
be  *'  up  sot." 

Self-sacrifice  was  one  of  the  many  an<l  noblest  virtues  of  the 
early  settler;  in  times  of  sickness  you  were  free  to  call  up  any 
neighlKtr  for  help.  t«»  sit  up  with  the  sick,  to  ride  25  or  even  more 
miles  for  the  t^octor,  and  that  njobtly,  as  our  di>ctors  said,  in  the 
deatl  of  night,  to  the  great  horror  of  the  iloctor,  who  hail  to  saddle 
up  and  travel,  even  in  the  dead  of  night,  to  the  farthest  limits  of 
his  own  or  to  an  adjoining  county. 

Althoii;;!!  the  countv  of  Pike  was  natunillv  healthv,  the  over 
toil,  the  priviitioii,  the  imperfect  j»rotcction  from  the  inclemency  of 
seasons,  the  water  used  from  shallow  water-holes,  all  these  tended 
to  multiply  disease  and  death.  This  county  was  never,  as  a  gen- 
eral thing,  vi>ited  so  much  witii  sickness  and  death  as  other  coun- 
ties in  our  State. 

In  the  early  day  no  iron  liorse  snorted  and  raced  over  our 
pmiries.  The  steamer  once  i)erhaps  in  several  weeks  dragged  itself 
along.  Twelve  ilays  wa^j  a  snort  tirne  for  a  trij)  from  New  York 
here,  and  that  mostly  by  stage.  Our  mails  arrive*!  once  a  week, 
and  a  letter  c««t  us  our  "last  quarter."  News  from  Euroj»e  a 
month  old  was  fresh.  No  troublesome  quotations  of  daily  marKcts 
puzzle<l  or  enlightenetl  us.  A  counterfeit  United  States  bill  was 
almost  legal  tender.      Iloop-poles,  staves  and  cord  wood  were  equal 


HISTORY    (»F    PIKE    COUNTY.  361 

at  a  later  day  to  gold.  Store  pay  was  better  than  any  of  the  fore- 
going, but  often  lead  to  heavy  mortgages  and  secret  bills  of  sale. 
The  laws  were  quickly  enforced.  Once  a  client  of  a  celebrated 
lawyer  was  taken  out  of  Court  and  the  penalty  ot,  the  law  put  on 
his  back  with  stripes  before  the  motion  for  a  new  trial  was  over; 
then  the  client  protested  against  a  new  trial  lest  if  convicted  he 
would  be  a  second  time  whipped. 

Now  liow  changed  is  everything  around  us!  In  the  early  day 
there  was  more  variety  in  dress,  if  less  taste.  All  dressed  in  their 
best,  and  sometimes  (if  the  ladies  will  pardon  such  an  o'er  true 
tale)  a  white  satin  bonnet,  the  worse  for  the  wear,  was  seen  over  a 
blue  "  Dolly  Varden  "  ruffled  cap.  The  most  distinguished  man 
at  shows,  for  a  number  of  years,  was  an  old,  gaunt,  straight  man, 
with  a  bell-crowned  hat,  in  the  height  of  the  fashion  when  he  was 
young,  which  was  nearlj'  twelve  inches  perpendicular;  horses  often 
carried  double  in  those  days,  if  girls  were  plenty,  and  about  spark- 
ing and  wedding  time.  Oh  how  sociable!  and  yet  all  was  modesty 
and  innocence. 

Hospitality — that  signifies  strictly  "  ])ractice  of  entertaining 
strangers,"  but  in  its  true  early  settler's  ways  much  more  was 
meant,  intended,  and  done.  On  a  journey  almost  every  house  was 
a  welcome  home  to  the  wea'.y  traveler;  if  any  charge  was  made 
for  the  entertainment  it  was  very  moderate;  at  times  the  parting 
word  to  you  was,  "  You  are  welcome  to  such  as  we  had,  and  please 
call  again  when  traveling  this  way." 

Hospitality  scarce  expresses  theline  sensibility,  the  manly  Chris- 
tian spirit,  of  many  of  the  olden  time.  The  pioneer  feels  that  each 
and  every  settler  of  his  neighborhood  (and  he  does  not  criticise 
much  as  to  who  is  his  neighbor)  is  entitled  to  such  help  and  good 
feeling  as  may  be  asked  or  should  be  extended. 

I  felt  and  still  feel  a  large  degree  of  sympathy,  and  that  the  most 
cordial,  with  the  old  settlers.  It  occurs  to  me  that  as  Pike  county 
once  included  Calhoun,  and  as  some  of  the  settlers  there  are  co- 
temporaries  with  our  earliest  settlers,  we  should  include  the  Cal- 
houn old  settlers  in  our  Society — in  fact  just  this  week  that  was 
named  to  me  in  that  county. 

With  great  hopefulness  as  to  the  prosperity  of  this  new  Society, 
desiring  for  it  many  happy  re- unions,  I  offer  to  you  the  thanks  of 
mj'self,  an  old  settler,  for  your  courtesy  in  inviting  me  to  address 
this  meeting;  and  may  God  bless  our  vast  population,  spread  over 
our  large  county,  which  liad  when  fii'st  known  to  myself  about 
three  thousand  people,  and  now  contains  approaching  forty  thou- 
sand, although  the  hive  of  ])eople  has  swarmed  many  times. 

Farewell,  my  friends,  one  and  all.  Let  us  part  with  mutual 
good  wishes,  as  we  never  more  can  all  meet  again  in  this  life. 

At  the  first  meeting  .it  was  decided  to  invite  the  old  settlers  of 
Calhoun  county  to  join  with  the  Pike  county  Old  Settlers'  Society. 


3«»2  HI;»T«)KY    OK    I'lKK    COUNTY. 

In  h:innonv  with  this    «lecision  Calvin  Twichell,    Smith  JoiiiiinffS 
ami  William  Wilkinson  were  elected  Vice-I*ro8i»l«^its. 

8E0ONI)    MKKTINU. 

The  second  nieetinfj  of  the  Old  Settlers'  Association  was  lit  Id  ir) 
September,  1873.  The  following  letter  from  Jiid^e  William 
Thoniaa,  of  Jacksonville,  was  read: 

"  jACKK(»Nvn.LK,  Aug.  30,  1873. 

"Mit.  Makcki.i.cs  Ross,  Secretarv:— Dear  Sir. —  I  ha vt>  received 
twi)  iri\  itati(»n»5  to  attend  the  ( )ld  Settlers'  Meetint;  in  Pike  f(»iintv 
on  Wednesday  next.  I  regret  that  I  cyinnot  a  eept  either,  for  I 
would  he  gla«l  to  meet  the  survivors  of  those  with  whom  I  became 
accniaintcd  forty  five  years  a^o.  I  attended  tin*  Circnit  (\»tirt  in 
Atlas  in  .lunr.  I.s27,  which  was  my  tirst  visit  to  Pike.  The  Court 
was  held  by  J  iidijt!  I,ockwoi»d,  who  now  resides  at  iiatavia,  in  I\ane 
county.  The  attorneys  in  attendance  were  John  W.  Whitney,  N. 
IIan8<in,  a?id  .f<»lm  Jay  Ii»tss,  of  Pike  county,  (Jen.  James  Turney 
and  .\lfred  W.  Cavrrly,  nf  (ireene  e^mnty.  now  of  ( )ttawa,  and  J, 
W.  Pii;;h,  of  San;,'amon  euunty,  Mr.  Jenkins,  ofC'alln»un  county, 
John  Turney  ami  myself,  of  ^Ior^an  coiinty.  Capt.  Leonard  Itoss, 
one  of  nature's  noblemen,  wasSherilf.  Col.  Wm.  lloss  was  Clerk; 
James  .M.  Seeley  was  an  oflicer  of  the  Court.  Of  all  these,  Jud;^ 
Lockwood,  Mr.  (Overly,  and  myself  are  the  (»niy  survivors.  The 
Court  wju,  in  session  three  days,  and  then  went  to  Calhoun  county. 
It  was  held  in  a  log  cabin  in  the  prairie,  near  which  was  a  log  cabin 
oc'cupied  by  the  grand  jury.  Tlie  tniverse  jury  luul  the  privilege 
of  the  prairies. 

•*  In  Septeml)cr  afterward,  returning  from  the  Winnebago  war  I 
left  the  iMiat  at  (^uiiu'v,  where  I  purchase<l  a  liorse,  saddle  and 
bridle  for  $40.  From  Quincy  I  came  to  Atlas,  a  good  day's  travel; 
remained  in  Atlas  one  day  and  two  nights,  and  thcji  set  <»ut  for 
home.  Passing  ('ol.  Seeley 's,  1  found  n<»  other  house  until  1 
reached  Blue  river,  where  Van  Deusen  had  a  small  grist-mill,  and 
I  crosseii  the  Illinois  river  on  Van  Deusen's  ferry.  That  night  I 
reache«l  E.xeter.  The  weather  was  pleasant^  the  roads  were  dry  and 
smooth. 

"  Pike  county  was  then  a  wilderness.  I  came  as  directe<I,  the 
nearest  and  best  route  home.  I  could  never  then  have  been  made 
to  believe  that  I  should  live  to  see  a  population  of  30,000  within 
its  boundaries. 

"Capt.  Moss  entertained  the  jury  and  the  lawyers  in  their  double 
log  cabin  free  of  charge,  expressing  his  regret  that  we  could  not 
stay  longer.  I  was  at  Atlas  at  the  Presidential  election  in  1S24 
and  voted  for  John  Quincy  Adams  for  President. 

"Judge  Lockwood.  Mr.  McConnell  an<l  myself,  in  attending 
Coart  at  Atlas  (the  year  I  do  not  recollect),  passed  the  present  site 
of  Griggsville  and  saw  the  man,   .Mr.  Scholl,  raising  the  first  log 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  363 

-cabin  on  tliat  hill.     I  suppose  the  land  had  been  laid  out  in  town 
lots. 

"  In  the  early  settlement  of  the  Military  Tract  travcliiii^  cost  but 
little.  The  old  settlers  were  always  glad  ol  the  o])jiortiinity  of 
entertainiiii^  travelers,  and  especially  the  judge  and  lawyers,  from 
whom  they  could  ohiaiii  interesting  accounts?  in  lelation  to  what 
was  going  on  in  the  world  around  them.  Besides,  we  often  had 
to  encamp  in  the  woods  and  prairies  because  no  house  was  within 
reach  at  dark,  and  this  was  called  "lodging  at  Munn's  tavern,"  be- 
cause of  the  large  number  of  quarter  sections  of  land  owned  by  liim. 
I  have  often  fared  sumptuously  in  the  log  cabins  on  bread  made  of 
grated  meal,  venison,  honey,  butter  and  milk  and  stewed  pumpkins, 
and  slept  comfi)rtal)ly  and  soundly  on  the  puncheon  floor.  *      *      * 

"  Feb.  14,  1823,  Wm.  Ross  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Probate.  In  18:^3  Geo.  Cadwell,  then  of  Greene  county  but  after- 
ward included  in  Morgan,  was  elected  to  tlie  Senate  for  Greene 
and  Pike,  and  Archil)ald  Job,  who  was  still  living,  for  the  House. 
Cadwell's  term  expired  in  two  years,  and  in  1824  Thos.  Carlin, 
afterward  elected  governor  in  183G,  was  elected  to  the  Senate. 
Cadwell  was  an  educated  physician,  a  man  of  talent  and  stern  in- 
tegrity:  he  died  in  1824  or  1825. 

"At  the  meeting  of  the  Legislature  in  1824  Nicholas  Hanson 
and  John  Shaw  both  produced  certificates  of  election  to  the  House. 
The  question  which  was  entitled  to  the  seat  was  referred  to  the 
Speaker,  who  decided  in  favor  of  Hanson.  During  the  ses- 
sion the  question  was  again  brought  before  the  House,  and  de- 
cided by  a  unanimous  vote  in  favor  of  Hsuison.  Near  the  close  of 
the  session  the  question  was  reconsiderea  and  Shaw  admitted,  in 
consideration  of  which  Shaw  voted  for  the  resolution  for  a  call 
of  a  convention. 

"  For  several  years  after  I  came  to  the  State,  deer,  wild  turkey 
and  wild  beasts  were  plenty,  especially  on  the  Illinois  and  Missis- 
sippi rivers.  But  for  this  fact  many  of  our  early  settlers  would 
have  suffered  for  provisions,  or  have  been  compelled  to  retreat  for 
supplies. 

"In  passing  from  Rushville  to  Quincy,  the  Judge,  Mr.  Caverly 
and  myself  slept  on  the  prairie  during  the  night,  and  the  next 
morning,  wliich  was  Sunday,  we  found  a  house  a  few  miles  distant 
in  the  harrens;  and  we  could  not  make  the  family  believe  it  was 
not  Saturday.  The  nearest  neighbor  lived  five  miles  distant.  They 
lived  on  wild  game,  grated  corn  meal  and  roasted  ears,  and  lived 
well.     We  thought  at  breakfast  we' could  not  wish  for  better  fare. 

"In  passing  from  Atlas  to  Gilead  in  Calhoun  county  we  always 
made  tl)e  house  of  an  old  gentleman  named  Munn  our  stopping- 
place.  He  and  his  wife  were  always  glad  to  see  us  and  made 
sumptuous  T>rcparations  for  our  comfort. 

"  If  I  were  at  the  stand  and  questioned  I  could  probably  answer 
many  questions  in  regard  to  matters  of  interest  to  the  present  in- 
habitants; but  as  I  do  not  know  the  points  on  wdiich  they  would 


304  HI8TUKT    Oh     I'IKK    t<»rNTY. 

iiue!<tion  mo.  and  as  I  Imve  alroiidy  extondeil  tliis  letter,  cDiisiileriii;; 
tiu'  hot  weatlKT,  U>  what  miy  1)0  ('«)ii-ii<lt'rc'(|  :i  ri'MS'MiabU'  k-iii^tli,  I 
closo,  iiopiiiif  that  you  may  have  a  ^o*»d  day  and  u  :;oud   tiiiie. 

'*  liespeotfully  y<»ur  t'rieud,         '*  Wii.i.iam  Th«»mas." 

Thin  meeliii;;  uuk  addres-'od  hy  many  oKl  settlers,  who  related 
very  irltere^tiIlJ^  ex|)erieiiei'is.  The  exorcises  were  interspertied 
with  tiiii>*ic  and  a  jjnuid  picnic  dinner,  etc.  Letters  were  reaii 
from  Kdwin  Draper  an<l  J^evi  l*etlilKine,  of  LoiiiHiami.  Mt>.,  besides 
the  one  from  .Iiid^e  Thonias,  altove  ^iven.  \Vm.  A.  (irimshaw 
was  elected  IVe^idiMit,  .lame^  McWilliains,  of  (iri;^<;Bville,  Vice 
I*rehi«it'nt,  and  (»eo,  W.  June-^  A^^i^<tant  Secretary.  The  following 
runolution  was  adopted:  "  liesoltK'U,  That  the  old  settlors  of  Pike 
and  Calhoun  counties  be  retiuestetl  to  notify  the  President  and 
Secretary  of  the  Old  St'ttler?  orpinizaticm,  the  names  (»f  all  mem- 
l>ers  of  this  A>^!iociation  who  stiall  depart  this  life  duriii;;  tlio 
pre^ient  year,  and  that  the  Secretary  Imj  instructe<l  txi  enter  the 
name  U|K)n  record." 

Amon^  tho-ie  who  adiiresNed  the  as-ietnldv  were  Hon.  Win.  A. 
Grim:*haw,  John  T.  ilod^^en,  of  St,  Louis.  Cilvin  Twichell,  of 
Calljoun  c«»nnty,  J.  T.  L  •ui',  now  of  Harry,  ft>r  many  years  a  resi- 
dofit  of  Adams  county,  Wm.  Turnbull,  of  Flint,  A.  I*.  Sharpe,  of 
(iriggsville,  Alvin  Wheeler,  tlieoldfsl  liviii;^  settler. of  Pike  county 
(catne  herein  184S),  now  7. 'i  years  of  a;;e.  Col.  \).  U.  P.iish  dobcd 
the  line  ««f  history  by  ijivin;?  a  sketch  of  l*itt«tiold.  Dr.  W<»rthinj;- 
ton  clainuHl  Fre<ierick  Franklin,  of  Montezuma,  an  the  oldest  living 
settler  of  I*ike  county  f»ow  living.  lie  was  the  son  of  Elxjnezer 
Franklin,  the  first  settler  Hi  the   county. 

In  this  c.tnin'<'tiiitt  \vr  <nvv  fiu'  very  interesting  letter  of  Mr. 
Draper: 

'•  I>ouisiANA,  Mo.,  Sept.  I,  lh73. 

*•  li<»N.  Wm.  A.  CiKiM>*iiAw  ANr>  «*TnK>u«:  (Jentlemen, — Thnoigh 
the  piliteness  of  some  friend  of  your  county-seat  I  am  indebted 
for  an  invit^ition  to  attend  the  meeting  of  ohl  settlers  of  your  county 
at  Pitt>ficld,  on  the  3d  inst.;for  this  invitation  I  presume  I  am  in- 
debted for  the  fact  of  Injinij  nearlv  ctumecteil  bvmarria;re  with  Levi 
Pettibone,  Ksij.,  at>  old  settler  and  perhajis  the  oldest  man  in  Pike 
county.  Mo.,  and  perhaps  with  few  exeeptiong  the  oldest  man  in 
Missouri,  he  being  now  nearing  the  completion  of  his  93d  year. 
But  from  whatever  cause,  I  estetMU  it  a  compliment  altogether  un- 
deserve<l  to  myself,  but  which  nevertheless  I  should  take  the  great- 
est pleasure,  if  circumstances  permitted,  of  meeting  with  the  old 
settlers  of  your  Ci)unty,  among  whom  I  am  proud  to  recognize,  not 
only  the  many  distingishe<I  public  men,  but  many  old  and  long 
esteemed  personal  friends,  some  of  whom  have  long  been  settlers  of 
Pike  cnunty  Id.,  and  tiot  a  few  of  them  old  settlers  of  Pike  and 
Lincoln  Counties,  Mo.,  who,  not  content  with  aiding  to  break  up  the  j 

wilds  of    Missouri  and   bring  them   into    the  paths    and  fields  of 
civilization,  have  larijelv  colonized  Pike  countv  111.,  wlierethev  have 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTT.  365 

been  long  enough  to  earn  the  appellation  of  '  old  settlers,'  where 
they  are  realizing  the  rich  fruits  of  their  industry  in  land  flowing 
with  milk  and  honey,  and  as  I  lament  to  know,  many  of  them  are 
resting  beneath  the  sods  that  are  no  respecters  of  persons  in  the 
final  winding  up  of  human  affairs.  The  memory  of  many  of  these 
persons,  both  living  and  dead,  carry  me  far  back  into  the  history  of 
the  past,  in  tlie  early  history  of  Missouri,  of  wliose  soil  I  have  been 
an  occupant  since  the  year  1815,  'oefore  either  your  State  or  Mis- 
souri had  a  State  Government.  Though  then  quite  young  (b\it  eight 
years  old)  I  was  old  enough  to  remember  everything  1  saw,  and 
everybody  I  knew, — much  more  so  than  persons  and  facts  of  later 
years;  but  to  attempt  to  recount  or  name  any  considerable  number  of 
them  would  be  to  inflict  a  bore  upon  you  that  I  dare  not  presume 
upon;  but  as  I  presume  that  a  part  of  the  exercises  of  the  occasion 
would  be  to  recur  to  the  early  history  of  the  West,  including  your 
State  and  ours,  I  cannot  resist  the  temptation  to  jot  down  a  few  facts 
and  names,  even  at  the  risk  of  being  laid  upon  the  table  as  a  bore. 

"The  date  1815  shows  that  the  early  settlers,  among  whom  was 
my  father,  were  crowding  into  Missouri  even  before  the  forts  were 
all  vacated,  whither  the  old  settlers  had  fled  for  the  purpose  of  pro- 
tection from  hostile  savages,  who  had  but  recently  had  almost 
undisputed  possession  of  a  large  part  of  our  State.  To  get  into 
Missouri,  then  largely  considered  as  the  promised  land,  we  had  to 
cross  the  Mississippi  river,  the  Father  of  Waters.  I  don't  know 
how  much  of  a  father  he  was  at  that  time,  but  I  have  been  acquainted 
with  him  since  that  time,  and  I  don't  know  much  difference  in 
his  size  between  then  and  now,  except  occasionally,  as  in  1851,  he 
got  into  a  terrible  rage  and  had  uncontrolled  possession  from  Lou- 
isiana to  Atlas,  and  rolled  on,  whether  vexed  or  unvexed,  in  solemn 
majesty  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico. 

"But  to  continue.  He  had  to  be  'crossed'  to  get  into  Missouri. 
Tn  1815,  as  history  shows,  no  steam-boats  were  known  on  our  rivers, 
and  the  only  modes,  or  rather  mode,  of  crossing  the  river  at  St. 
Louis  was  by  means  of  a  small  keel-boat  or  barge  without  any  deck 
or  covering,  propelled  by  poles;  and  our  wagons  were  crossed  by 
placing  two  planks  or  slabs  across  the  keel,  running  the  wagons  by 
hand  upon  these  slabs  across  the  boats  and  'scotching'  the  wheels 
with  billets  of  wood,  flUing  in  the  inner  parts  of  the  boat  with 
horses,  children,  etc.  Yet  we  conquered  the  old  gentleman  and 
rode  across  in  triumph,  but  not,  however,  until  after  waiting  two 
days  on  the  eastern  bank  for  the  wind  to  lie,  which  had  so  ruffled 
the  surface  and  temper  of  the  'father'  that  he  could  not,  safely  at 
least,  be  mounted  by  an  insignificant  keel-boat  until  the  cause  of 
his  irritation  had  ceased. 

"Safely  on  the  Missouri  shore,  the  first  Tiight  was  passed  in  the 
city  of  St.  Louis,  then  containing  about  1,200  inhabitants  and  very 
few  brick  houses  :  I  did  not  count  them,  however.  No  railroads 
then  were  even  thought  of  in  the  West,  so  far  as  1  remember,  but 
now — well,  you   can  tell   the   tale  yourselves,     St.  Louis  has  now 


86C  HIBTOKY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

450,000  iiilialdtaiite,  and  woiilti  likely  liavc  a  luilliun  l>ut  for  Clii- 
caiTtt  and  the  railn»ads,  which  have  revolutionized  tlie  course  of 
nature  and  the  natural  rights  ut  8t.  Louis,  which  depended  on  the 
naviiijation  of  the  ^reat  rivers  to  work  for  her  ;  and  wliile  her  ^reat 
land-  iwner  slept  a  (juarter  of  a  century  Chicuj^o  and  the  railroads 
were  suririiii;  anea<l  of  her. 

"  KxcuM-  this  digression,  wliich  I  could  not  helj»  while  reHecting 
on  the  iniinense  chan;;e  all  over  the  West  since  I  first  crossed  the 
^reat  river. 

"  I  havr  alluded  to  the  fact  of  your  county  h(Mn«j  largely  colon- 
ized from  I'ike  and  l^incoln  e"Uniies,  Jklo.  It  would  he  inipubsihle 
for  nie  to  enumerate  all  of  them,  even  if  I  knew  them  all  ;  but 
among  the  names  I  rememher  well  those  of  the  Gihsons,  the  Sit- 
tons,  Huchanan,  ^'<>krms,  (iall<»way,  Uncle  Jake  Willianison.  the 
Cannons,  Collard,  Welises,  Kerrs,  Noyes,  Metz,  Juhnsons,  McCtm- 
nells,  Andersons,  etc.,  etc.,  all  of  whom  went  from  l*ike  or  Lin- 
coln. All  of  them  were  good  citizens,  while  some  of  them  iield 
high  and  huiu)ral>le  jxihitions  in  public  oflice.  Vour  former  valued 
Sheriff,  Mphraim  (\inn(»n,  was  ftr  a  while  a  school-mate  of  mine, 
larger  and  nhUr  than  I,  hut  still  a  school-mate.  The  ordy  special 
recollection  1  have  of  our  school-boys'  life  was  that  the  teacher 
once  abked  him,  when  nearlv  time  to  close  school,  'How  hi;rh  is 
the  sun  C  lie  replied  he  had  no  means  of  njeasuring  the  height, 
but  '  trom  appearance  it  was  aUtut  a  rod  high.' 

"Join.  J.  Collard,  Ksq.,  a  former  Clerk  of  one  of  your  Courts,  was 
the  son  of  an  old  settler  of  Lincoln  county,  datir«g  before  the  war 
of  1*^12,  if  my  memory  is  not  at  fault.  I  have  attendi-d  y<»ur  Courts 
when  held  at  the  old  ct>unty-seat.  Atlas,  and  since  its  location  at 
your  beautifid  town  l'itt^tield.  The  old  settlers  at  AtlaK,  as  well  as 
of  PittsfieKl,  were  the  ICosees,  most  of  whom  1  knew  personally, 
and  had  a  slight  ac<)uaintance  with  the  '  liashaw'  of  Hamburg,  Mr. 
Shaw.  Old  Kather  l>urnett  and  his  b«)vs  John  and  Frank  belonjred 
to  both  Pikes,  in  Illinois  and  Missouri.  The  sons  wore>  out  their 
lives  in  trving  to  sustain  a  ferry  l>etween  the  two  Pikes. 

"  liut  I  must  forbear,  fearing  that  I  have  already  bored  yon,  a 
thing  I  feared  at  the  start.  I  could  write  a  half  quire  of  recollec- 
tions of  Pike  in  Missouri,  and  S(»me  of  Pike  in  Illinois,  if  there 
were  any  market  for  them.  Hut  I  must  close  with  my  best  wishes 
for  your  people,  botii  old  and  young. 

"  Edwin  Dkai'Eb." 
tuiki)  heetino. 

At  the  Old  Settlers'  meeting,  Sept.  2,  lb74,  Hon.  Wm.  A.  Grim- 
sliaw  delivered  an  address  of  welcome,  and  interesting  speeches 
were  made  by  Col.  I3enj.  liarncy,  Ilev.  J.  P.  Dimmitt,  Dr.  Ilodgen, 
Mr.  Turnbull,  Judge  Grigsby  and  others.  Dr.  P.  E.  Parker  was 
elected  Secretary  in  jdace  of  G.  W.Jones,  resigned.  A  motion  was 
adopted  changing  tlic  time  of  membership  from  1840  to  18.50;  also 
a  motitm  to  esUiblish  a  portfolio  and  gallery  of  likenesses  of  old  set- 


I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  307 

tiers;  aud  members  and  others  were  invited  to  send  pictures.  A 
social  reception  of  old  settlers  was  given  in  the  evening'  at  Bush's 
Hall. 

'  FOURTH    MEETING. 

.  At  the  4th  annual  meeting  of  the  old  settlers  at  Perr}',  Aug. 
19,  1S75,  old-time  customs  were  commemorated  bj  the  erection  of 
a  cabin  complete  in  all  its  details.  It  looked  as  if  a  family  had 
been  living  in  it  for  years.  Cooking  utensils  hanging  around  the 
wall,  suspended  on  a  string  were  slices  of  pumpkin  and  dried  ap- 
ples, corn  hung  from  the  posts,  suspended  by  the  husks,  the  rifle 
hung  on  the  wooden  hook  over  the  door,  the  spinning  wheel,  the 
reel  and  the  hand-cards  occupied  prominent  positions;  the  mam- 
moth gourd  for  a  water  bucket  aud  the  lesser  one  as  a  dipper  at- 
tracted considerable  attention.  On  the  outside  walls  the  skins  of 
different  fur-bearing  animals  were  stretched;  climbing  vines  were 
turned  up  to  the  roof,  and  the  sunflower  in  all  its  magniflcence 
nodded  here  and  there  close  to  the  house,  and  last,  but  not  least, 
the  latch-string  hung  on  the  outside.  The  cabin  was  presided  over 
during  the  early  part  of  the  day  by  Mr.  Win.  Grotts,  who  enter- 
•  tained  his  visitors  with  his  "fiddle,"  playing  Arkansas  traveler,. 
Money  Musk,  Old  Rosin  the  Bow,"  etc.  Mr.  Grotts  was  born  in  this 
State  in  1802,  in  Madison  county.  His  father  was  killed  by  Indians 
in  Bond  county  in  1814. 

FIFTH    MEETING. 

During  the  Old  Settlers'  meeting  at  Griggsville,  Aug.  30,  1876, 
they  formed  a  procession  in  front  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  headed  bv 
an  old  truck  wagon  drawn  by  oxen,  containing  a  band,  the  })eople 
being  dressed  in  the  Sunday  attire  of  pioneer  times,  girls  «nd  boys 
riding  double  on  horseback  without  saddles,  showing  how  they 
went  to  church  in  olden  times.*  This  was  one  of  the  most  attractive 
features  of  the  procession,  the  young  ladies  especially  conducting 
themselves  with  becoming  grace,  and  apj)eared  as  if  they  were  in- 
spired with  the  spirit  of  their  grandmothers.  An  old  dilapidated 
wagon  drawn  by  oxen  was  loaded  with  the  old-fashioned  loom, 
spinning  wheel,  flax  wheel  and  reel,  and  an  old  plow  was  followed 
by  most  of  our  modern  machinery  in  the  shai)e  of  reapers,  mowers, 
harrows,  etc.  After  these  a  man  dressed  in  Indian  (5ostume  on  his 
])ony,  ladies  and  gentlemen  in  modern  style  in  buggies  and  carriages, 
the  Kre  engine  drawn  b}'  members  of  the  base-ball  clubs  in  uniform, 
and  a  modern  child-wagon  with  children  was  drawn  by  a  very  small 
donkey. 


CIIAPTKIi  XIV. 

TllK   KKIlM.I.lON. 

KIKXT    INDICATIONS    OF    TIIK    WAR. 

Wlien,  in  1861,  tlio  war  was  forced  upon  the  country,  the  people 
were  quietly  purt»uint;  tlio  even  tem»r  of  their  ways,  d(»in;^  whiitover 
tlioir  Immls  found  to  do, — working  tlio  tnine.'^,  makini^  farint*,  or 
ciiltivatin;^  those  already  made,  estahlishititj  iioineri,  founding  cities 
aiul  town*.,  Imildin^  Hliops  arni  manufactories;  in  short,  the  coutitry 
was  alive  with  indu«try  and  Iiojmjs  tor  the  future.  The  people  were 
just  recovering  fr<»m  the  depn'Hsion  and  losse.s  incident  to  the  tinan- 
cial  panic  ()f  l'^57.  The  future  liMtked  hriijht  atid  proniisin*;.  and 
the  industrious  aqd  imtriotic  sinis  imd  (laughters  of  the  North  were 
buoyant  with  hope,  looking;  forwanl  tt>  the  perfectiiijf  of  new  plana 
for  comfi»rt  and  competence  in  their  tleciinin;;  yejirs.  They  little 
heeded  the  mutteriii^jit  and  threatcnin:;!*  wafte<l  frtun  the  South. 
Tliey  never  dreamed  that  there  was  one  so  base  lis  to  attempt  the 
destruction  of  the  Union  their  fathers  had  purchased  for  them  with 
their  iife-hlood.  While  thus  surrounded  with  peace  and  tran(|uillity 
they  paid  hut  little  attention  t«>  the  rumore<l  plots  and  plans  of  those 
who  livetl  ami  grew  rich  from  the  sweat  and  toil,  hlood  and  tlesh, 
ofothers. 

The  war  clouds  j^rew  darker  an<l  still  darker,  the  thunders  of 
treason  i;rew  hmder  and  londer  until  .\pril  12,  1861,  when  the  fear- 
ful storm  hurst  iipon  the  country  and  convulsed  a  contit)ent  with 
its  Httemlant  horrors. 

On  that  day  the  rebels,  who  for  weeks  had  been  erecting  their 
batteries  upon  the  8lK»re,  after  demanding  of  Major  Anderson  a 
surrender,  oj)ened  tire  upon  Fort  Sumter.  F^•r  hours  an  incessant 
cannonading  was  continued;  the  fort  was  l>eing  tlamaged  severely; 
provisions  were  almost  gone,  and  Major  Anderson  was  compelled  to 
haul  down  the  stars  and  stripes, — that  dear  old  flag  which  had 
seldom  been  lowered  to  a  foreign  foe;  by  rebel  hands  it  was  n«w 
trailed  in  the  dust.  How  the  blood  (»f  patriotic  men  of  the  North 
boiled  when  on  the  following  day  the  news  wjis  flashed  along  the 
telegraph  wires  that  Major  Anderson  ha<l  been  forced  to  surrender! 
And  nowhere  was  greater  indignation  manifested  than  in  Pike 
county. 


\ 


u. 


PERRY 


^ 


-C^ 


I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  371 

THE    FIRST    CALL    FOR    TROOPS. 

Immediately  upon  the  surrender  of  Fort  Sumter,  Abraham  Lin- 
coln, America's  martyr  President — who  but  a  few  short  weeks  be- 
fore had  taken  the  oath  of  office  as  the  nation's  chief  executive — 
issued  a  proclamation  callin<i:  for  75,000  volunteers  for  three  months. 
The  last  word  of  that  prochimation  had  scarcely  l)eeii  taken  from 
the  electric  wires  before  the  call  was  tilled,  and  men  and  money 
were  counted  out  by  hundreds  and  thousands.  The  people  who 
loved  their  whole  governnient  could  not  give  enough.  Patriotism 
thrilled  and  vibrated  ami  pulsated  through  every  heart.  The  farui, 
the  workshop,  the  office,  the  pulpit,  the  bar,  the  bench,  the  college, 
the  school-house, — every  calling  offered  its  best  men,  their  lives 
and  fortunes,  in  defense  of  the  Government's  honor  and  unity. 
Bitter  words  spoken  in  moments  of  political  heat  were  forgotten 
and  forgiven,  and,  joining  hands  in  a  common  cause,  they  repeated 
the  oath  of  America's  soldier  statesman,  ''"'Bythe  Great  Kternal^  the 
Union  must  and  shall  he  preservedy 

Call  the  young  men  in  the  prime  of  their  life; 
Call  them  from  mother,  from  sister,  from  wife; 
Blessed  if  they  live,  revered  if  they  fall, — 
They  who  respond  unto  Liberty's  cull. 

Seventy-five  thousand  men  were  not  enough  to  subdue  the  Rebel- 
lion; nor  were  ten  times  the  number.  The  war  went  on,  and  call 
followed  call,  until  it  began  to  look  as  if  there  would  not  be  men 
enough  in  all  the  Free  States  to  crush  out  and  subdue  the  monstrous 
war  traitors  had  inaugurated.  But  to  every  call  for  either  men  or 
money  there  was  a  willing  and  ready  response;  and  it  is  a  boast  of 
the  people  that,  had  the  supply  of  men  fallen  short,  there  were 
women  brave  enough,  daring  enough,  patriotic  enough,  to  ofi*er 
the'mselves  as  a  sacrifice  on  their  country's  altar.  Such  were  the 
impulses,  motives  and  actions  of  the  patriotic  men  of  the  North, 
among  whom  the  sons  of  Pike  made  a  conspicuous  and  praiseworthy 
ecord. 

VARIOUS  MEETING.^  HELD  IN  THE  COUNTY. 

The  tocsin  of  war  was  sounded,  meetings  were  held  in  every 
township,  village  and  city,  at  which  stirring  and  spirited  addresses 
were  made,  and  resolutions  adopted  admitting  of  but  one  interpre- 
tation,— that  of  unconditional  allegiance  and  undying  devotion  to 
their  country  and  their  country's  flag;  that,  at  whatever  cost  of 
blood  or  treasure,  the  stars  and  stripes,  wherever  floating,  must  be 
honored;  and  the  supremacy  of  the  law  of  the  National  Union  sus- 
tained. 

A  Union  meeting  was  held  in  Pittsfield  April  20, 1861,  the  Chair- 
men of  which  were  David  A.  Stanton,  Wm.  R.  Wills  and  D.  D. 
Hicks,  and  the  Secretaries  F.  C.  Brown  and  A.  C.  Matthews.  The 
Committee  on  Resolutions  were  Wm.  A.  Grimshaw,  C.  L.  Iligbee, 
J.  W.  Mackintosh,  D.  B.  Bush,  jr.,  Nathan  Kellv  and  Wm.  Steers. 

23 


372  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    0OUNT\. 

L.  11.  Wiiturs,  <»r  Mj'.coiuIi,  (lelivtTt'ti  the  priiiri|»:il  sjit-cc-li,  which 
was  a  vcrv  el<'i|iicMit  um-,  and  Hun.  Scott  Wike,  NlcBfjre;.  D.  II.  (iil- 
iner  and  S.  M.  liayos  made  t^hitrt  speeches.  A  series  of  resolntions 
were  adoj>ted  settin<^  forth  the  inau'j^nnition  of  the  war  by  the  tiring 
on  Fort  Sumter  ancl  the  necessity  of  rallying  to  the  support  of  the 
Government. 

April  22  a  mectin;^  was  hold  in  thccrmrt-housc  for  the  piirpose^of 
formini^a  c*)mpuny  of  home  <jjuards.  The  company  organized,  elect- 
ing S.  Al.  Hayes  Captain.  M.  J.  Noyes  presided  at  this  meeting. 
AI)()Ut  thi".  time  the  "  l*ik«.'('oMntv  Union  (inards"  were  also  oriran- 
ized,  with  John  McWilliams  for  Cajitain.  In  .luly  Jas.  S.  liarnartl 
was  electe<l  Captain  of  the  latter  company  and  I*.  Ct.  Athey  Caj)tain 
of  a  tyivalry  company  of  i;ii>  tnen,  all  from  I'ike  county. 

I>urjni:  this  summer  also  Wm.  W.  Taylor,  a  Hreckenridge  Demo- 
crat of  I'errv,  was  susiK-cted  of  diKU»valt\  and  made  in  an  informal 
manner  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  bv  sonie  Boldiers  i»f  Ci»l. 
Grant's  regiment. 

Aug.  r»,  18f>l.  a  Company  called  the  *•  llciidrrBon  Home  (i uanis  " 
was  organized  in  Pittftield,  numbering  130  men,  with  Daniel  D. 
Hick!)  as  Ca|>tain,  each  meml>er  to  arm  an«l  equip  himself;  it  was 
also  called  the  "  Henderson  Tnion  Guards." 

U<»U.NTV. 

The  subject  ol^bounty  for  soldiers  was  one  that  engaged  the  un- 
divided attention  of  the  law-making  |M>wer  of  this  county  during 
these  trying  times.  That  the  reader  may  know  what  was  done  by 
the  ci»unty  oliicials  we  give  a  verv  full  account  of  tiio  proceedings 
of  the  Hoard  of  Supervisors  whenever  the  l>onnty  subject  was 
being  coubidered  by  that  honorable  body. 

At  tt  sjK.'oial  meeting  of  the  Hoanl  of  Supervisors  lield  Aug.  4, 
iM'J,  for  the  purfKtso  of  considering  the  feasibility  <»r  pr«»priety  of 
olfcring  bounty  to  s«)ldiers.  Su|»ervieor  Sujith  moved  that  the  ('hair 
apjH>int  a  committee  of  live  to  draft  reeolulious  expressive  of  the 
sense  «»f  the  meeting.  Thereupon  the  Chair  appointed  Messrs. 
Smith,  Wcstlake,  Wallace,  McWilliams  and  Adams. 

Mr.  Wallace  j)resented  a  petition  from  the  citizens  of  Barry, 
aiskiug  an  appropriation  by  the  IJoard  (»f  $1G,000. 

The  Committee  on  Itesolutions  submitted  the  following  re}X»rt 
the  next  day: 

WnKRKA"",  Several  SouUicm  8lale,s  of  thin  Union  inconvcntio"  t--''!il»l«l  have 
absolvtnl  tlu-mHclvcti  by  rcMilution  fmm  iilk'iri.inc*?  lo  lUe  Unitinl  !  .Vrncrica 

ftn'l  fornii'd  ill  '        '  ito  a  so-callftl  '•con'"   '         .."   tliercby  'iiMHiiuin;.'  any 

ri^'lit,  bfiu'fu  a  frotn  or  under  ihi  uilion  of  the   United   States; 

and 

Whrrf.as,  Said  confcilerocy  have  organized,  armed  ami  e<iuipped  hostile  armies 
and  did  (ire  upon,  reduce  luid  take  into  their  pos»easion  Port  Sumter  with  all  ita 
defenses,  and  unl.iwfully  s'.-ize  and  lake  into  possession  other  fort.s,  arsenals  and 
other  property  Ix'lonj^ini,' to  the  United  States,  thereby  bidding  defiance  to  the 
ConstiiuUon  and  the  law6  of  the  same;  and 


JIISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  373 

Whereas,  It  still  exists  and  iiusubdued,  a  .d  our  present  army  is  insuflicient  in 
nundiers  to  put  down  the  rebellion;  and 

Whereas,  The  Pnsident  of  the  United  State>  has  recently  made  a  call  upon  the 
several  States  of  this  Union  to  raise  ;JO(),00(T  men  in  addition  to  the  present  army; 

Therefore  we,  the  representatives  of  the  several  townships  of  the  county  of  Pike 
and  Slate  of  Illinois  have  here  assembled  for  the  purpose  of  considering  the  i)ro. 
priety  of  ottering  encouragememt  to  the  volunteers  who  will  immediately  enter 
into  the  service  of  the  United  States;  therefore  be  it 

Rrxohcd,  That  the  sum  of  $;3,()00  be  paid  to  the  first  three  companies  that  are 
raised  or  organized  in  the  county  of  Pike  under  said  call,  provided  said  companies 
are  organized  on  or  before  the  20th  inst. ;  and  that  the  Clerk  of  this  Court  be  au- 
thorized to  issue  orders  on  the  Treasury  for  the  said  sums  of  money  whenever  said 
volunteers  are  accepted  and  mustered  into  service; 

Resolved,  That  $1,000  be  appropriated  to  the  families  of  those  who  have  here- 
tofore vohmteered  in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  and  we  recommend  that 
e.ich  township  shall  through  their  Supervisor  call  a  meeting  to  provide  for 
the  future  wants  of  all  families  of  volunteers;  that  the  Supervisor  of  each  town- 
ship shall  be  a  committee  to  distribute  all  appropriations  made  by  the  county  or 
town ; 

Bexoicid,  That  the  Supervisors  of  each  township  shall  report  at  the  September 
meeting  the  number  of  families  of  volunteers  in  their  townships,  and  their  names. 

By  invitation  Judge  Higbee  addressed  tlie  Board  briefly,  after 
wliicb  Cols.  Ross  and  Busb  made  short  addresses. 

Mr.  Dennis  moved  to  amend  the  report  by  striking  out  "  $3,000  " 
and  inserting  "$50  to  eacli  volunteer  private  who  may  enlist  nnder 
the  |)resent  call."  Mr.  Westlake  moved  to  amend  the  amendment 
of  Mr.  Dennis  by  striking  out  "850"  and  inserting  "  $25;"  which 
motion  was  lost.  The  amendment  offered  bv  Mr.  Dennis  was  also 
defeated. 

Mr.  Landrum  ottered  the  following  resolutions: 

Resolved,  That  the  proposition  of  the  appropriation  by  the  county  of  $0,000  to 
be  submitted  to  the  people  for  their  vote  for  or  against  levying  a  tax  to  meet  said 
appropriation,  at  an  election  to  be  held  at  the  usual  places  of  holding  elections  in 
the  several  towns,  on  Tuesday,  the  13th  inst. ;  said  fund,  if  so  voted,  to  be  appro- 
priated to  aid  in  raising  volunteers. 

Resolved,  That  a  proposition  be  also  submitted  at  the  same  time  for  or  against 
appropriating  .$2,000  as  a  fund  for  the  necessitous  families  of  volunteers  as  have 
heretofore  or'may  hereafter  be  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Wallace  moved  to  strike  out  that  portion  of  Mr.  Landrum's 
resolution  referring  to  the  submission  to  the  people,  and  that  the 
Board  appropriate  the  amount  specified  in  said  resolution;  which 
motion  was  carried. 

The  question  recurring  on  Mr.  Landrum's  resolution  as  amended 
it  was  put  and  lost. 

Mr.  Dennis  moved  to  strike  out  the  first  resolution  and  amend 
the  second  so  that  $4,000  be  appropriated  for  the  support  of  desti- 
tute families  of  soldiers  in  the  service. 

Mr.  Frye  tnoved  to  lay  all  on  the  table  without  further  action 
until  the  September  meeting;  which  motion  was  lost.  The  question 
then  recurring  on  the  amendment  of  Mr.  Dennis,  it  was  adopted. 

The  substance  of  the  resolution  as  passed  appropriated  $4,000  for 
the  families  of  destitute  soldiers. 


374  HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY. 

At  u  Special  iiieoting  i»f  tlio  IJoanl  of  Supervisors  held  June  23, 
1H65,  to  either  dUV-r  a  bounty  for  enlistiuents  or  to  ai<l  persons  who 
may  l>e  <lrMf'te<l  into  the  service  of  the  Unite*!  States,  Supervisor 
luiberts  oltered  tlie  followiri'^  resolutions: 

WiiKiiKAS,  The  rri'siilfiil  of  the  liiiu-d  Statt-s  Imsciillfd  for  30<),(KtO  v<»luntccn», 
iind  orik-reil,  in  cast'  tin-  smno  an-  not  made  by  ihe  I'Hh  of  February  next,  I  but  a 
draft  »liall  be  made  to  (ill  tlie  ((iiota;  and 

WuKicKAS,  Such  drali  will  fall  lieavy  <>n  many  p<K)r  persons  in  this  coiiLty  who 
have  lait;e  t'amilics  to  siip|><irt;  and 

WiiKUK.vs,  The  properly  of  the  county  nncives  tin-  protection  of  the  (Jovern 
ment,  as  well  us  j>erM)ns,  and  »ijould  be  uiaile  to  bear  itu  just  proportions  of  the 
burdens  of  war;  therefore 

Rftolred,  That  our  IleprciMjntatives  in  tlie  Lcpislature  now  in  session  bo  rrspect- 
fuUy  reouested  to  procure  the  passaije  of  an  aet  a^^  speedily  na  possible,  autlioriz- 
in^  the  IJoard  i>f  Siipervisor-i  of  this  county  to  olfcr  a  bounty  to  volunteers  and  to 
nid  in  pnxuriiig  substitutes  for  drufteil  persons,  and  to  provide  such  funds  as  will 
be  necessary  therefor  i)y  issuinir  binds  payable  within  20  years,  beurinj;  iutercHt 
not  excee<lin>:  ten  percent,  per  annum. 

Rfi'lMti,  Tliat  in  caw  of  the  passage  of  such  au  art,  the  Ik)urd  of  Supervisors 
will  pay  to  each  volunteer  credited  to  any  town  in  this  county  subject  to  the  draft 
i  bn»uity  ot  :fr((K(,  and  in  case  of  adrafl,  eacli  person  so  drafted  in  this  county  who 
shall  ])rocure  a  substitute  shall  receive  from  the  county  the  sum  of  foOU  to  aid  liim 
in  payin;:for  such  substitute. 

Mr.  Shields  moved  to  postpone  the  resolution  indefinitely. 
After  remarks  by  Supervisors  Shields,  Roberts,  Kelley,  Dunn 
and  others,  Mr.  Shields  withdrew  the  motion,  tmd  in  lieu  thereof 
nu>ved  that  it  be  |)ostpom'd  to  the  April  meetiiic^of  t!ie  Hoard. 
This  he,  however,  witluJrew,  and  Supervisor  Dimmitt  moved  to 
refer  the  resolution  ollered  by  Mr.  Ii4)bert8  to  a  committee;  and 
Mr.  Dimmitt,  from  tiiis  committee  reported  on  tlie  following  day 
this  res(i!iitii>n  : 

JirK-U'i>l,  Thill  there  be  paid  to  each  volunteer  or  drafted  man  in  this  county 
under  tlie  call  of  Dec.  IH,  lx(M,  the  sum  of  |i4<Mt,  such  money  to  l>e  raised  by  the 
issue  of  county  Ixmds  (interest  not  to  exceed  ten  percent.)  payable  annually  in 
lawful  monev  of  the  I'nitiHl  Stales. 

lifiiolt'il,  'riiat  when  (•uch  bonds  shall  have  been  issued  thev  shall  be  divided 
amimi;  the  several  townships  in  pro|K>rlion  to  the  amount  of  taxable  pro|)erty 
assessed  in  each  township  lor  the  year  iNil;  and  it  shall  Ik-  Ihe  duly  of  each  super- 
visor to  n'c«'ive  .saul  boiuls  and  pay  over  to  each  drafte(l  man  and  volunteer  the 
sum  of  $400  when  actually  mustered  into  8er^•ice. 

Mr.  Shields  moved  that  said  resolution  be  laid  on  the  table  until 
the  April  mectintj;  which  motion  was  lost.  Mr.  Smithorman 
then  moved  that  it  be  submitted  to  the  people  of  the  county  on 
Jan.  28,  18(>5;  and  Mr.  Vail  moved  to  amend  by  takiiifj  said  vote 
on  the  30th;  which  motion  was  withdrawn;  and  Mr.  Roberts 
moved  that  whatever  action  tiiis  Roard  may  take  shall  be  sub- 
mitted to  the  people  <ui  Jan.  30,  1805;  which  motion  was 
adopted.  Mr.  R<»bert8  tlien  moved  to  amend  the  first  resolution 
by  insertiiiij  "$500"  in  ])lace  of  "$400;"  which  was  adopted. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Hoard  held  Jan.  31,  the  day  after  the  elec- 
tion, thev  found  after  a  canvass  of  the  returns  tliat  3,416  votes  had 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  375 

been  cast,  of  which  2,131  were  for  the  tax  and  1,285  aorainst  it.  It 
was  tlicii  resolved  l>y  the  Koaril  to  ji;ive  a  bounty  of  $500  to  eacli 
vohmteer  to  till  the  (piota  of  Pike  county;  and  in  case  said  (juota 
shall  not  be  tilled  by  volunteers,  then  a  bounty  of  s500  shall  be 
paid  to  each  person  who  shall  be  drafted.  For  this  purpose  $127,- 
000  were  raised  in  the  county. 

Kindorhook  township  j^ave  $1,500  bounty,  and  j»aid  $180  for 
transportation. 

PIKE  county's  soldiers. 

A  few  statistical  items  will  show  what  was  done  by  Pike  county, 
and  whether  she  was  worthy  the  trust  reposed  in  her.  According 
to  the  census  of  1800  the  county  had  a  population  of  27,182.  The 
war,  however,  continued  for  several  years,  and  the  county  increased 
in  population;  accordingly  we  will  place  the  population  in  round 
numbers  at  30,000.  There  are  five  persons  to  every  voter,  accord- 
ing to  the  customary  basis  of  reckoiu ng.  That  would  make  the 
number  of  men  in  the  county  0,000.  Pike  county  put  in  the  field 
3,132  men,  beiuir  over  one-half  of  her  voters. 

The  quota  of  the  county  for  the  calls  of  1861  was  762,  which 
were  (luieklv  furnished.  In  1802  the  quota  foi-  this  county  was 
521.  For  the  calls  of  Feb.  1  and  March  14,  1864,  it  was  780,  and 
for  the  call  of  500,000,  July  18,  1864,  it  was  617,  making  the  large 
number  of  2,687  men  as  the  quota  for  this  county  up  to  Dec.  31, 
1864.  The  county  not  only  furnished  tliis  number,  but  sent  of  her 
brave  sons  2,853,  being  100  in  excess  of  lier  various  (piotas.  Sub- 
secpient  calls  increased  the  quoti.i  of  Pike  county  to  3,221,  which 
the  county  did  not  fill  by  89. 

Pike  county  was  largely  represented  in  the  following  regiments 
and  com])anies.  Besides  those  referred  to,  her  sons  were  in  many 
other  regiments,  but  we  give  only  those  which  were  largely  made 
up  from  this  county. 

KIGHTH     REGIMENT. 

Company  G  of  this  Regiment  was  entirely  furnished  by  Pike 
county,  with  James  S.  Barnard  as  Captain:  afterward  Elisha  Jones 
and  Charles  II,  Hurt  served  the  Company  in  that  ]iosition.  The 
Ist  Lieutenants  in  succession  were  Elihu  Jones,  AVm.  P.  Sitton, 
Charles  II.  Hurt  and  George  Sanderson.  The  2d  Lieutenants  were 
Wm.  P.  Sitton,  Charles  II.  Hurt  and  Wm.  A.  Saylor. 

The  8th  Illinois  Regiment  was  organized  A])ril  25,  1861,  Colonel 
Oglesby  commanding.  A  contest  for  rank  and  seniority  arose  be- 
tweet:  the  7th  and  8tli,  both  beinar  ortfanized  on  the  same  dav.  The 
contest  was  finally  ended,  giving  to  Col.  Cook  the  first  numher  7, 
as  the  number  of  his  Regiment,  with  the  second  rank  of  Colonel, 
and  Col.  Oglesby  the  second  number  for  his  Regiment,  with  the 
first  rank  as  Colonel, 

The  first  enlistment  was  f  )r  three  months,  duriui;  wlii<-li  tinicthe 


37«>  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

Itt'^iment  was  taken  to  Cairo.  July  25.  1861,  its  term  ot"  three 
luonths  having  e.\j»ired,  the  Stli  reorganized  tor  three  years' service. 
It  took  part  in  many  of  the  most  im|)orlant  en<i^agementrt  of  the 
war;  wa.s  in  the  advaMce  attack  on  Fort  noiu'l.^oii,  when'  it  lost  57 
killed,  11>1  Wounded  and  10  mi^!>in^.  It  was  aUo  at  Pittbbiirg 
laniiing,  where  it  lost  20  killed,  1>7  wounded  and  11  missing;  and 
it  went  thn>ugh  the  tatigm-  and  dangers  of  tiie  siege  of  Corinth. 
Tlie  Regiment  rc-«jtdihlrd  in  lS03  and  wan  veteran i7A'<l  March  lit, 
18G4;  tuuk  part  in  the  cngagt'menl  at  Vickbhurg,  Spanish  Fort  and 
many  other  ijnportant  engagements. 

SKVKNTH   UKOIMK.NT. 

Company  D,  ot  the  7lh,  l>einir  a  new  com)»any  ot   that  old  licgi- 
ment,   was  from   I'ike  county.      It   was  orga?ii/,cil   Feh.    14.    1SH5, 
under  Capl.  Samuel  X.  lloyt.  «tf  (triggsvillu,  with   Andrew  Moore 
as  1st  Lieutenant  and  Wm..l.  Ilaidinas2d  Lieutenant,     TheCom 
pajiy  served  until  July  ;»,  1805,  when  it  was  mustered  out. 

8IXTKKNTH    Kfc:OIMKNT. 

Company  K,  id'  the  ITitli  Iidatitry.  was  largely,  in<lee<l  almost  alto- 
gether, frt»m  I*ike  county.  They  enlisted  May  25.  ISOI.  and  serve<l 
until  July  h,  ls65.  The(\>mpany  was  organized  by  (Jeo.  I).  Stew- 
art, (^aptain,  who  served  until  April  25,  1805,  and  John  Bryant,  of 
Pittstield,  was  appointed  to  till  tlio  position.  Tin*  1st  Lieutenant 
was  James  Iledger.  aind  f«)llowing  cjime  French  li.  W<»t>dall,  John 
IJryant  and  Franklin  J.  ('«K»|»er.  The  2d  Lieutenants  were  liichard 
B.  Iliggins,  Joheph  K.  Haines  and  Ahhury  Brown. 

The  HJlh  wa»  organized  and  mustered  into  wrvict-  :ii  (Jiiincy, 
Col.  Koberl  A.  Smith  coiiiMianding.  In  July,  l>»01,it  was  ren»«)ved 
to  Green  river  as  railroad  guard,  after  which  the  Regiment  was 
scattered  along  the  line  of  the  n»ad  as  guard.  July  10,  Col.  Smith's 
force  was  attacked  at  Missionary  Station  hy  \/,(h)  mounted  nd»els, 
but  he  lield  his  jHisition  until  the  arrival  (»f  reinforcements,  when 
the  enemy  fletJ.  It  ])articipateil  in  the  battle  of  Bird's  Point,  Mo., 
and  New  Mulrid,  where  it  supported  the  siege  ifuns.  They  cap 
tured  .'»,(loo  jtrisoners  and  a  large  amount  of  artillery,  small  arms 
and  ammunition  at  Tiptonville,  Tenn.  In  January,  lb02,  it  par- 
ticipatetl  in  the  siege  ot  Corinth  and  Nashville.  It  was  mustered 
out  July  8,  1805. 

TWKSTV-EIOHTII    REtilMK.NT  COX8f>LII)ATKI>. 

Pike  county  furnished  Company  B  of  thisTlegiment,  and  almost 
all  of  Companies  E  and  I.  Company  B  was  commanded  tirst  after 
consolidation  by  C'apt.  John  T.  Thomson,  of  New  Hartford,  who  was 
honorably  discharged  May  15.  1805,  when  Geo.  W.  Chrysup  was 
appidnted  and  .-erved  iniiil  March  15,  1800.  The  1st  Lieutenants 
in  succession  were  Robert  Voung,  Henry  L.  Iladscll,  Geo.  W. 
Chrysup    and  Job   Pringle.     Tiie  2d  Lieutenants   were  Geo.  W. 


nrsTouY  OF  pike  countv.  377 

Chrysup,  Job  Prin<xle  ;md  Thomas  James.     The  officers  of  the  Corn- 
pan}'  were  James  M.  Gale,  Iloiirj  S.  Stokes  and  Joseph  A.  Hanks. 

CoMipanio  B,  E  and  I  of  the  original  ,(jr<;anization  were  from 
this  county.  Company  B  was  first  commanded  by  Capt.  Thomas 
H.  Butler,  deceased,  then  by  Capt.  Geo.  W.  Stobie,  and  finally  by 
Capt.  Joiin  T.  Thompson.  The  1st  Lieutenants  were  Joim  T. 
Thom})S()n  and  Robert  Young:  2d  Lieutenants,  George  Stobie, 
David  C.  Troutner  and  Cyrus  K.  Miller.  Lieutenant  Troutner 
soon  died  and  Lieutenant  Miller  died  July  8,  1863.  Company  E 
was  first  commanded  by  Captain  Thomas  M.  Kilpatrick,  who  was 
promoted  to  Lieutenant  Cohjnel  and  was  killed  in  battle  at  Pitts- 
burg Landing.  John  M.  Griffin  then  commanded  the  Com])any. 
The  1st  Lieutenants  were  John  ]\[.  Griffin,  Fredrick  C.  Beehdoldt, 
who  was  killed  July  12,  1863,  and  VVm.  B.  Griffin;  the  2d  Lieu- 
tenant was  Burrel  McPherson.  Company  I  was  commanded  until 
consolidation  of  Regiment  by  Capt.  Elishallurt;  1st  Lieutenants, 
Philip  S.  Likes  and  David  Dixon;  2d  Lieutenant,  David  Dixon 
and  Henry  L.  Hadsell. 

The  28th  Infantry  was  organized  at  Camp  Butler  in  xVugust, 
1861,  by  Lieut.  Col.  Lewis  II.  Waters  and  Maj.  Charles  J.  Sellon, 
the  latter  from  Pike  county.  Aug.  28  it  was  ordered  to  Thebes, 
111.;  Sept.  9,  to  Bird's  Point,  Mo.;  Oct.  2,  to  Fort  Holt,  Ky.,  where 
it  remained  until  Jan.  21,  1862,  when  it  was  assigned  to  Brig.  Gen. 
Lew  Wallace's  Division.  Feb.  6  it  took  part  in  the  capture  of 
Forts  Henry  and  Heiman;  Feb.  13  a  detachment  of  48  men  and  12 
officers  under  Col.  Johnson  met  the  enemy  500  strong  at  Little 
Bethel  Church,  five  miles  from  Fort  Holt,  and  immediately  attacked 
and  routed  them.  The  Regiment  also  took  part  in  the  battle  of 
Pittsburg  Landing;  was  assigned  to  the  left  line  in  a  peach  orchard, 
where  it  was  immediately  attacked  by  the  enemy,  but  who  were 
repulsed.  On  the  morning  ot  the  7th  it  held  a  position  on  the 
right  line  and  was  hotly  engaged  until  the  battle  closed  and  the 
victory  won.  During  these  two  long,  trying,  bloody  days  the 
Regiment  behaved  nobly  and  was  never  broken  or  driven  back  by 
the  enemy,  though  often  most  heavily  pressed.  It  sustained  a  loss 
of  239  killed  and  wounded.  In  May,  1862,  it  was  engaged  in  the 
siege  of  Corinth:  Oct.  5  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Metamora,  losing 
97  killed  and  wounded;  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  from 
June  11  to  July  4,  1863;  on  the  12th  of  July,  1863,  near  Jackson, 
Miss.,  the  41st,  53d  and  28th  Illinois  and  3d  Iowa,  not  exceeding 
800  men,  were  ordered  to  charge  across  an  open  field  some  600 
yards  and  carrv  a  stroiiir  line  of  the  enemy's  works,  mounting  12 
guns  and  manned  by  at  least  2,000  men.  The  Brigade  swept  gal- 
lantly forward  under  a  destructive  fire  of  grape,  canister  and  minie 
bullets.  The  enemy  appeared  upon  both  flanks  as  it  reached  the 
ditch;  it  was  compelled  to  fall  back  with  a  loss  of  more  than  half 
of  their  rank  and  file  killed  or  wounded.  The  eight  Companies  of 
this  Regiment,  in  line,  numbering  128  men,  lost  73  killed  and 
wounded  and  16  taken  prisoners. 


378  U18TORY    OF    riKK    OOUNTY. 

.Jan.,  1864,  the  Iic<^iiiient  re-iiilisted  as  veterans,  took  part  in  the 
advance  upon  Sj>anisli  Fort,  and  were  mustered  out  March  10,  1806 

TMIKTV-THIKD    RKOIMKNT. 

Coni{):iiiy  1  ol"  the  33rd  was  maclu  up  in  Pike  county.  The  orig- 
inal ('!ij)tain  was  Wui.  H.  Lawton,  who  resifjned  June  8,  1803, 
and  Wni.  T.  Lyon  received  the  commission.  The  Ist  Lieutenants 
were  Wni.  T.  Lvon,  (^harles  T.  Kiniu'V  and  Nathaniel  W.  liev- 
noKls  ;  the  2nd  Lieutenants  were  E<lwartl  A.  F.  Allen,  Chark'K  T. 
Kinney,  Nathiinitl  W.  Rcynohls  and  David  F.  Jenkins.  The 
Company  was  wholly  fntm  the  nortliern   part  of  the  county. 

The  33rd  was  or^'anized  at  Camp  liutler  Sept.,  186I,l»yC(d. 
Charles  K.  Ilovi-y  ;  Nov.  ii<»,  it  reinovrd  to  Irontoti,  .Mo.,  heyond 
St.  Ix)uis,  whert'  it  remained  durin'^  the  winter.  In  .March,  1862, 
it  removed  to  Arkatisas,  en^a;i^infj  in  many  expeditions  through 
that  State.  In  1863  it  returned  to  Pilot  Knoh;  was  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  l\>rt  (tihson.  Champion  Mills,  lilack  Hiver  Bridge,  the 
assault  and  siegt- of  \'icksburg,  and  the  siege  of  Jaeksoti;  in  .\ngiist, 
1863,  moved  to  New  Orleans  and  engaged  in  tlie  campaign  nj»  the 
Hayou  Teche,  an<i  returned  to  Now  Orleans  in  Novemlwr;  thence 
orderiMl  to  lirownsville,  Tex.,  hut  before  landinir  was  ordered  tit 
Arkansa.^  Pass.  The  Regiment  re-enlisttnl  Jati.  1,  I8r»4,  took  j»:irt 
in  the  engagement  at  Spanisii  Fort,  Mobile,  and  A}>ril  14.  1865. 
moved  to  Vieksburg,  and  in  November  ordered  to  Camj*  Jiutler, 
111.,  for  final  paymerjt  and  discharge. 

SIXTY-EIOIIT  kKOIMK.NT. 

Company  H  of  this  Regiment,  which  was  organized  for  three 
months*  service  in  Jnne,  1862,  was  fnun  this  county,  mostly  from 
the  northern  |»art.  Capl.  Daniel  F.  Coffey  served  the  Comjiany 
as  C*>tnmander.  1st  Lieutenant,  Juds»n  J.  F.  Gillespie:  2nd  Lieu- 
tenant. Will    l'(vni<ld». 

SKVKNTY-THIKI"  KE<iIMK.ST. 

Company  II  of  the  73rd  Illinois  Infantry,  commanded  by  Capt. 
James  L  I>avids«.»n,  who  subsequently  was  promoted  to  Lieut.  (Col- 
onel, was  from  Pike  county.  After  Capt.  Davidson's  promotion 
Joseph  L.  Morgan  was  apjiointed  tt>  the  Captaincy.  The  ]^t  Lieu- 
tenants were  Samuel  Purcell,  who  resigned  April  28,  1863,  Joseph 
L.  Morgan  and  James  (t.  Wolgemath.  The  2nd  Lieutenants  were 
Clement  L.  Shinn  and  De  Witt  C.  Simmons. 

This  Regiment  was  organized  at  Camp  liutler,  in  August,  1862, 
and  immediately  became  a  part  of  Gen.  BuelTs  army.  It  oartici- 
}»ated  in  every  engagement  fought  by  the  Army  of  the  Cunu»erUnd 
from  Oct..  rs62,  until  the  rout  of  (ien.  Hood's  army  at  Nashville 
and  the  winding  up  of  the  whole  matter.  The  dead  of  this  Regi- 
ment are  found  on    the    battle-fields  of  Perryville,    Murfreesboro, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  379 

Cliickamauga,  Missionary  Ilidge,  through  East  Tennessee  and  the 
succession  of  battles  from  Chattanooga  to  the  fall  of  Atlanta.  It 
had  two  Majors  and  two  Adjutants  killed,  and  nearly  every 
oflBcerof  the  Regiment  wounded  at  some  one  time  :  several  of  them 
many  times.     It  was  mustered  out  June  10,  18G5. 

NINETY-NINTH     REGIMENT. 

The  99th  was,  strictly  s]ieaking,  a  Pike  county  IJegiment.  It 
was  organized  in  Pike  county  in  August,  1862,  b}'  Col.  George  W. 
K.  Bailey,  and  was  mustered  in  at  Florence,  Aug.  23,  1802,  by 
Col.  J.  11.  Rathbone.  Upon  the  same  day  it  removed  to  St.  Louis, 
going  into  Benton  Barracks,  and  was  the  lirst  Regiment  out  of  the 
State  under  the  call  of  1862.  Sept.  8,  ordered  to  Rolla;  served  in 
that  department  to  the  spring  of  1863;  was  assigned  to  the  Brigade 
of  Brig.  Gen.  Fitz  Henry  Warren;  engaged  in  the  skirmish  at  Bear 
creek,  losing  one  killed  and  four  wounded  and  one  taken  prisoner, 
and  in  the  battle  of  liartsville.  Mo.,  losing  35  killed  and  wounded; 
went  into  camp  at  Houston;  Jan.  27,  moved  to  West  Plains,  Mo., 
reporting  to  Brig.  Gen.  Davidson;  March  3,  removed  to  Pilot  Knob, 
thence  to  St.  Genevieve,  arriving  the  12th;  and  March  15,  1863, 
embarked  for  Milliken's  Bend,  La.,  arriving  the  26th,  and  was 
assigned  to  the  1st  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  W.  P.  Benton  command- 
ing; 14th  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  E.  A.  Carr  commanding  ;  13th 
Army  Corps.  Moved  from  Milliken's  Bend  April  11,  arriving  at 
New  Carthage  the  12th;  was  at  Grand  Gulf  April  29;  crossed  the 
river,  and  May  1  was  engaged  in  the  battle  near  Port  (ijbson, 
called  Magnolia  Hills,  losing  37  men  killed  and  wounded;  marched 
with  the  army  toward  Jackson,  and  returned  by  Champion  Hills 
and  Black  River  Bridge;  May  19,  was  at  the  defenses  of  Vicks- 
burg;  on  the  22d  the  Regiment  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  assault, 
losing  103  killed  and  wounded,  out  of  300  men.  The  Colonel  and 
Major  were  wounded  early  in  the  day,  leaving  Capt.  A.  C.  Matthews 
in  command.  Its  line  durintj  the  dav  was  close  to  the  enemv's 
works,  and  its  colors  planted  on  their  breastworks.  This  ])08ition 
was  held  until  4  p.  m.,  when  it  was  relieved  by  another  Regiment 
and  moved  back  150  yards  to  where  its  knapsacks  had  been  left. 
While  callino^  the  roll  the  line  which  had  relieved  the  Retjiment  wa& 
driven  back  in  great  ct)ufusion.  The  99th  advanced  and  opened  a 
lieavy  fire,  drove]  the  enemy  back  into  his  works  and  held  him 
there,  ])robably  saving  the  whole  Division  from  stamjjede.  Was 
engaged  during  the  siege  in  Gen.  Benton's  Brigade — Sth  and  18th 
Indiana,  and  33d  and  99tli  Illinois.  The9!^>th  lost  during  the  entire 
cam})aign  and  siege  253  killed,  wounded  aiul  missing.  July  5  the 
9th,  13th  and  15th  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  Sherman  commanding,  moved 
after  Johnson's  army  to  Jackson;  returned  to  Vicksburg  July  24; 
Aug.  21  removed  to  New  Orleans,  and  on  the  26th  went  into  camp 
at  Brashear  City.  Oct.  3,  1863,  the  campaign  of  the  Teclie  was 
commenced.     The  Regiment  was  in  several  skirmishes,  and  a  de- 


380  niST<UtY    OF    J'IKK    COl'NTY. 

tjiclmient  of  the  Re^iinuiit,  Csipt.  A.  C.  Muttliews  coininandiuf;, 
was  cn<;:i<;e<I  in  the  battle  ut  (^raiul  (%)te!iu;  Nov.  9,  returned  to 
Kraslu'iir  Citv  ami  moved  to  New  Orleans;  Nov.  1<>,  emhiiiked  for 
Texa.'i,  landing  on  the  25tli  at  Mustan<j  Island;  marched  up  to  Mat- 
ft<;or<la  Island  and  cofuinenced  the  attack  on  Fort  Esperanza,  which 
was  soon  surrenderetl. 

The  OOth  n'lnained  in  Texas  durin<r  the  spriui;  of  l.S(">4.  June 
16  of  thisy<'ar  itev.acuati'd  the  i.^^land  and  reptirti'd  to(Jen.  Ilevnohls, 
at  Algiers.  J,a.  Tlie  Ilegimcnt  pertVmed  garrison  duty  on  the 
Mississippi  during  the  entire  summer,  in  the  First  Hrigade,  Hrig. 
(ten.  Slack;  1st  Divihion,  (ieii.  Dennis;  I'Jth  ('or|»s,  (ien.  Reynolds. 
Tiie  JJDth  wa&  hrij^aded  with  the  *JUt  Iowa.  'JlHh  Wisconsin  and 
47th    Indiana. 

Ill  .November,  18(»4,  removed  to  Memphis,  wiiere  tlio  Regiment 
was  con8olidate<l  into  a  Hattalion  of  live  Companies,  and  Lieut.  Co\. 
A.  C.  Matthi'ws  assigned  t»»  the  command,  (\il.  Hailey  and  the  other 
bUiM'rnumerarv  ollioors  hring  mustered  tMit. 

Moved  to  Gormantown  and  went  on  duty  guarding  railroad; 
Dec.  2.'>,  three  men  of  llu"  Battalion  were  captured  n\u\  murdered  by 
guerrillas;  moved  to  Memphis  Dec.  28;  Jan.  1,  lHr»r»,  emiiarked 
for  New  Orleans,  arriving  oti  the  9tl>.  Feb.  1  embarked  for  Dau- 
phino  Ishmd,  Ala. ;  was  assigned  to  the  1st  Brigade.  Ist  Div.,  13th 
(Jirps,  witli  21st  Iowa,  47tii  Indiana  an«l  21>th  Wisc.«)n»in,  (ien. 
Slack  commanding  Hrigade,  Brig.  (ren.  Veatch  commanding  Di- 
vi^itui. 

March  17,  moved  to  Fort  Morgan;  on  the  26th,  arrived  at  Fish 
river;  tt>ok  part  in  the  siege  of  Spanish  Fort  until  iIjc  30th.  when 
tlie  Division  was  sent  to  (tencral  Steele's  army,  and  April  1  went 
into  |n>sition  at  Fort  Blakely.  Tlie  IMUh  assisted  in  the  investment 
and  c^ipture,  and  on  the  liith  eritored  Mobile. 

In  Jutie,*  isj).'),  the  Division  was  ordered  to  Red  river  to  receive 
the  surreiulerof  Kirl»y  Smith,  and  it  procee<led  to  Shreve!»ort,  La.; 
from  this  place  Col  Matthews  was  detailed  to  proceed  witli  a  body- 
guard of  the  6th  Mi■«^<>u^i  Cavalry  to  the  Indian  Territory  and 
receive  the  surrender  of  Brig.  Gens.  Cooper  and  Standwaite,  and  to 
form  temporary  treaties  of  peace  witli  the  Indian  trilies.  The  Col. 
f«>rmed  treaties  with  ten  tril)cs,  including  the  Choctaws,  Cherokees, 
Chickasaws  and  Usages,  and  returned  (^having  traveled  a  tliousand 
miles'^  on  tlie  3d  of  July.  • 

Julv  19,  ordered  to  Baton  Rouge,  and  Julv  31  was  mustered  out 
by  Capt.  E.  S.  Ilowk,  A.  C.  M. 

Arrived  at  Springtield,  111.,  Aug.  6,  received  final  payment  and 
discharge  Aug.  9,  1S65. 

The  Regiment  was  commanded  by  Col,  Bailc}'  until  Dec.  16, 
18f>4.  when  he  was  mustered  out.  The  Lieut.  Colonels  were  Lem- 
uel Parke  and  Asa  C.  Matthews  ;  the  Majors  at  various  times  were 
Edwin  A.  Crandall,  Asa  C.  Matthews  and  John  F.  Richards;  Ad- 
jutants, Marcellus  Ross,  Harvey  D.Johnson  and  Joseph  R.  Furrey; 
Quartermasters,  Isaac  G.  Ilodgen,  Jr-shua  K.  Sitton  and  James  F. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  381 

Greathouse ;  Siirf^eons,  Josepli  II.  Ledlie  uiid  Edwin  May ;  1st 
Asst.  Surgeon,  Archibald  E.  McNeal  and  John  F.  Curtis  ;  'id  Asst. 
Snr<^eon,  Abner  T.  Sj^encer  ;  Chaplains,  Oliver  A.  Toplift'  and 
Wni.  M.  Evans. 

Company  A. — Captains— Geo.  T.  E<lwards  and  Isaac  G.  Ilodgen ; 
1st  Lieutenant — Jaines  K.  Smith  ;  -id  Lieutenants — James  F.  Sto- 
bie,  Thus.  A.  Hubbard.  Jolin  W.  Saylor.  (Hul)bard  died  Feb.  15, 
1863.) 

Company  B. — Captains— Benj.  L.  Matthews  and  James  W.  Fee; 
1st  Lieutenants — James  W.  Fee,  James  A.  Elledge  and  Harvey 
Thornbury  ;  2d  Lieutenants — James  A.  Elledge,  llarvey  Thorn - 
bury  and  Milton  L,  Tiell. 

Company  C. — Captains — Asa  C.  Matthews  and  John  A.  Bal- 
lard ;  1st  Lieutenants — Joshua  K.  Sitton,  Lucien  "W.  Shaw,  John 
A.  Ballard,  Wm.  B.  Sitton  (died  July  10,  186i),  N.  Henry  Kinne  ; 
2d  Lieutenants — Lucien  W.  Shaw  and  Wm.  B.  Sitton. 

Company  !>.— Captains — John  F.  Richards  and  Wm,  B.  Clandy ; 
1st  Lieutenants— Francis  M.  Dabney,  Wm.  B.  Clandy  and  John 
Bowsman  ;  2d  Lieutenants — Wm.  T.  Mitchell,  Win.  B.  Clandy 
and  John  Bowsman. 

Comjyany  E.—Q-A\>tii\n& — John  C.  Dinsmore,  Allen  D.  Rich- 
ards ;  1st  Lieutenants — Joseph  G.  Colvin,  Allen  D.  Richards  and 
Ilobert  II.  GritRn  ;  2d  Lieutenant— Allen  D.  Richards. 

Company  F. — Captains — Eli  R.  Smith.  Daniel  McDonald. 
Captain  Smith  was  killed  in  battle  May  22,  1863.  1st  Lieutenants 
— Leonard  Greatt)n,  Jacob  E.  Stauffer  ;  2d  Lieutenants — Daniel 
McDonald  and  Jesse  Parke. 

Company  G. — Captains — Henry  D.  Hull  and  Henry  B.  Atkin- 
son ;  1st  Lieutenants — James  11.  Crane  and  Henry  B.  Atkinson  ; 
2d  Lieutenant — Lewis  Duttou. 

Company  II. — Captains — Lewis  Hull  and  Melville  D.  Massie; 
1st  Lieuteiumts — Melville  D.  Massie,  Benj.  L.  Blades  and  Daniel 
Kiley;  2d  Lieutet  ants — Gottfried  Wenzel  and  Benj.  L.  Blades. 

Company  I. — Captain — Joseph  G.  Johnson;  1st  Lieutenants — 
John  G.  Sever  and  George  S.  Marks;  2d  Lieutenant — Robert  E. 
Gilliland. 

Company  K. — Captains — Isaiah  Cooper  and  John  G.  Ser\'er;  let 
Lieutenants — Wm.  Grav  (died  Mav  30,  18G3,  of  wounds  received 
in  battle  May  22.  1SG3)',  Augustus'ilubbard  and  Zebulon  ?>.  Stod- 
dard; 2d  Lieutenants — Thos.  J.  Kinman  (killed  in  battle  May  22, 
1863)  and  John  Andrew. 

NINKTY-NINTH    RP:GIMKNT    AS    CONSOLIDATED. 

April  2, 1863,  according  to  orders  from  the  War  Department,  the 
90th  was  consolidated  into  a  Battaliun  of  fiveCompanies, — A,  B,  C, 
D  and  E,  officered  as  follows: 

Colonel,  Asa  C.  Matthews;  Adjutant,  Jose])li  R.  Furrey;  Quar- 
termaster, James  F.  Greathouse;  Surgeon,  Edwin  May;  Ist  Asst. 
Surgeon,  John  F.  Curtis;  Chaplain,  Wm.  M.  Evans. 


SS'2  HISTORY    ftr    11 KK   (uUNTY. 

Comp'iuy  A. — ('apt..  .Foh?i  !•'.  Itielmrds;  Ist  Lieut.,  Win.  H. 
(^laiidv;  '2(1  Lieut.,  .I<»liii  l><»\\>iii:iii. 

Coinjxmy  B. — ^Cujit.,  .LiMits  W.  Fee;  Ut  Lieut.,  Jucolt  K.  Sliiul- 
fer;  2u  Lieut.,  Joseph  Du^jdell. 

Company  C. — Capt..  Melville  I).  Mas^ie;  let  Lieut.,  llenrv  B. 
Atkilistiii;   'id  Lieut.,  Win.  L.  Ciirter. 

(%)inj)'iny  JK — ("Hjtt.,  Isaac  (i.  Il(td<;t'ii;  L-'l  Lieut.,  James  K. 
Smith;  'Jd  Lieut ,  Silvester  Durall. 

Company  E. — Capt.,  .John  A.  I'allard,  Ist  Lieut.,  N.  Ilenrv 
Kinne;  2d  Lieut.,  Clayton  I'..  !I<»o|ht. 

ONK    llt'NUKKI)    A.NU   TIIIKTY-8KVKNTH    RKUIMKNT. 

Coni))aiiy  F  of  this  liet^iniunt  \va«  or^ini/.e<i  by  Itobert  I».  It<d)in- 
Kon,  of  Harry,  this  county;  Company  Ci,  by  Orville  C.  Ilolcomh,  of 
Miltttn,  and  Compaiiy  L  by  Ix.'vi  HurUiur,  of  Pitt^field.  These  three 
Companies  of  this  Kr^inient  were  nuid«'  uj)  troni  IMke  county.  The 
iBt  Lii'Utenant  of  ('oinpany  F  was  I  )e  Witt  C.  Simmon^,  of  (iri^^s- 
%'ille,  and  the  2d  Lieutenant  David  I).  Kidwell,  of  liarry.  The  l8t 
Lieuteiuitit  of  Company  (i  was  J«»hn  M.  J«>hnKon,  and  the  2d  Lieu- 
ttMiant,  .losenji  S.  Latimer.  The  Iht  Lieutenant  of  ('Mmj>any  I  was 
llenson  S.  \  an'>tventer  and  the  'Jd  Lieutnuiiit,  Wm.  A.  Hubbard. 

This  Ke;;imeiit  wa«  organized  at  Camp  Wood,  Quincy,  by  Col. 
John  W«»od,  and  wa*»  inu6tere<l  in  Juno  5,  Isfi4,  tor  !(»(»  days.  June 
1*.  the  Kefjimont  left  Quiney  and  pr<»et^'de.l  ti>  Memjthis,  Tenn., 
where  it  wa^  assii^tjetl  t«»  the4th  Hrigade,  Distriet  of  Memphis,  Col. 
E.  L.  haltwiek,  of  Wisc4>n(»in,  eommaindin|'.  On  July  !<  it  was  as- 
signed to  the  3d  lirigade.  Col.  John  Wood  eommanding,  and  was 
8tatio»ieil  on  the  Hernando  road,  on  picket  duty.  The  llegiinent 
WHS  mustered  out  of  tli»-  V  S.  ^erviee  at  Springfield,  HI.,  Sept.  4, 
ls(;4. 

8»X)NI)    CAVALRY. 

Of  this  regiment  C<»inpany  K  and  parts  of  other  Conifuinies  were 
from  Pike  county.  It  wa>  orgatjize<l  .July  30,  1861.  with  IVessly  G. 
Athey  a^Captain.who  resigned  Jan.  27,  18C2,  when  Thos.  W.Jones, 
1st  Lieutenant,  was  prom<>t«Ml  Captain.  He  was  subse<ju«'ntly  pro- 
moted tt»  the  positiiin  of  .Major.  Daniel  I>.  Hush,  jr.,  was  at  lirst 
Major,  and  was  subse4|uently  promotetl  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant 
Colonel  and  finally  Colonel.      In  18«'>5  Mcmtgomcry  Demmons  was 

>romote«l  to  the  (\iptaincy.     The    1st    Lieutenants  were  Thos.  W. 

"ones,  Henj.  F.  Garrett  and  Wm.  R.  Soull.and  the  2d  Lieutenants, 
I'enj.  F.  Garrett,  Franklin  Kinman,  L.  Mitchell,  Montgomery 
Dennnons  and  David  C.  Hock. 

Besides  the  Regiments  and  Companies  noticed  above,  I*ikec<junty 
gave  niajiy  men  to  numerous  other  Cotnpanies.  Her  sons  fought 
upi'ii  every  battle  field  of  that  great  war,  and  upon  the  field  of 
every  great  buttle  during  that  long,  hard  struggle  ft)r  the  supremacy 
of  the  I'nion  the  life-blood  of  some  of  her  sons  was  shed.  They 
were  fcnind  in  the  foremost  of  the  fight  :  indeed,  they   were  found 


S 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  383 

wherever  duty  called  them.  It  is  an  easy  matter  to  be  a  patriot 
"  in  the  piping  times  of  peace,  in  the  sunny  hours  of  prosperity," 
but  when  war,  discord  and  rebellion  present  their  horrid  forms  to 
strike  the  liberty  of  a  hundred  years,  it  is  then  tiie  patriot  sliines 
in  his  devotion  to  his  country.  "When  tlie  painful  duty  presented 
itself  to  the  ])atriots  of  this  county  to  send  thousands  of  her  citi- 
zens into  danger,  and  many  of  them  to  certain  death,  there  was  no 
hesitation.  Men  enrolled  their  names  with  a  steady  hand,  bade  wife 
and  little  ones,  fathers,  mothers,  brothers  and  sisters  farewell,  and 
went  boldly  to  the  front  and  saved  this  glorious  blood- bought 
Union. 

lee's  surrender. — Lincoln's  assassination. 

Our  armies  bravely  contended  until  finall}^  after  four  long  years 
of  bloodshed  and  carnage,  the  news  was  flashed  over  the  wires  that 
Lee  had  surrendered.  This  joyful  news  reached  this  county  Mon- 
day, April  10,  1865,  being  within  two  days  of  four  years  from  the 
time  the  batteries  were  opened  on  Fort  Sumter.  On  receiving  the 
news  of  the  fall  of  Richmond  the  people  were  very  jubilant  over 
the  success  of  the  Union  forces.  They  assembled  in  all  parts  of 
the  county  and  had  grand  jubilees.  The  streets  of  the  cities  were 
brilliantly  illuminated;  bonfires,  rockets  and  music  were  seen  on 
every  hand;  it  was  indeed  a  season  of  rejoicing;  and  well  might  it 
be,  for  what  had  been  endured,  what  had  been  sufi^ered. 

Scarcely  had  the  downfall  of  the  Southern  Confederacy  been  re- 
ceived ere  the  sad  news  of  the  assassination  of  Abraham  Lincoln 
was  flashed  over  the  wires.  On  that  beautiful  April  morning,  five 
days  after  the  announcement  of  Lee's  surrender,  the  people,  joyful 
over  tlie  near  approach  of  the  return  of  their  loved  ones  from  the 
South,  the  sorrowino:  news  of  the  President's  death  was  announced. 
Mr.  Lincoln  was  bound  to  the  people  of  this  county  with  stronger 
cords  than  simply  being  a  good  ruler.  He  had  spent  manj-  days 
here,  had  many  warm  personal  friends,  and  it  was  like  the  loss  of  a 
brother.  They  felt  the  loss  keenly;  the  tolling  bells,  the  sym- 
pathetic dirges,  interpreted  not  merely  the  grief  of  the  people  at  the 
loss  of  a  President,  but  the  sorrow  of  a  community  at  the  death  of 
brother,  a  son,  one  who  was  closely  akin  to  all.  Meetings  were 
held  and  appropriate  resolutions  passed.  Dwellings,  stores,  churches 
and  public  buildings  were  draped,  and  the  flags  which  had  been  sent 
up  in  moments  of  rejoicing  were  taken  down,  draped,  and  sent  up 
at  half-mast. 

THE    CLOSE. 

The  war  ended  and  peace  restored,  the  Union  preserved  in  its  in- 
tegrity, the  sons  of  Pike,  who  had  volunteered  their  lives  in  de- 
fense of  their  Government,  and  who  were  spared  to  see  the  army  of 
the  Union  victorious,  returned  to  their  homes  to  receive  grand 
ovations  and  tributes  of  honor  from  friends  and  neighbors  who  had 
eagerly  and  zealously  followed  them  wherever   the  fortunes  of  war 


384  HISTORY    OV    I'IKE    COUNTY. 

called.  E.\cli:iMi;iii;r  their  M>ldiers'  uiiit'urins  lor  citizens'  dross,  most 
of  them  fell  Imek  to  tli»;ir  old  vocations, — on  the  farm,  at  the  fori^e, 
at  the  bench,  in  the  shop,  and  at  whatever  else  their  hands  fonnd  to 
do.  Brave  men  are  lion(»ral>h'  alwavs,  and  no  claes  of  citizens  are 
entitled  to  greater  respect  than  the  volunteer  soldiery  of  Pike 
county,  not  alone  hecAiise' they  were  soldiers,  but  because  in  their 
associations  with  their  fellow-nien  their  walk  is  upright,  and  their 
Ijonesty  and  character  without  reproach. 

Their  countrv  Hrsi,  tlu-ir  elory  ami  tlu-ir  pride, 
I. ami  of  tlirir  ll(^|H.•^,  laiul  wliiTr  lln-ir  fill  hers  died ; 
Wliiii  in  the  ri;;lil,  lluy'll  l4e«|i  their  honor  bri^'ht; 
When  in  the  wrong,  they'll  die  to  set  it  right. 

The  soldiers  of  Pike  county  met  at  the  court-house  An^'.  2.i, 
18G(».  The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Maj,  T.  W.  Jones,  when  I  )r. 
E.  M.  Seeley  was  called  to  tlie  chair,  atid  James  II.  Crane  was  ap- 
pointed Secretary.  The  object  of  the  meeting  was  to  take  measures 
tor  raising  funds  for  the  erection  of  a  monument.  Klaborate  reM»lu- 
tions  were  ado|>ted  with  reference  to  the  loyalty  and  tidelity  of  the 
soldiery,  etc.,  and  sympathy  with  the  suffering,  the  widows  and  or 
phans  etc.;  and  committees  of  soldiers,  live  in  each  townshiji,  were 
appointed  t  »  solicit  donations.  A  central  c«tmmittee  for  the  county 
was  alsi>  app«unte«l,  and  a  c«»mmittce  to  solicit  !i>10,t)U<)  from  the 
county  treasury.  Considerable  enthusiasm  was  manifested  in  this 
work  of  love,an<l  a  wish  to  honor  the  heroic  dead,  the  citizen 
Soldiers  who  yitldfd  their  lives  a  sacrifice  to  their  cotmtry,  but 
nothing  tletinitely  toward  llie  final  carrying  out  «»f  the  pittject  was 
ever  done.  Although  no  marble  pile  rises  heavenward  tt)  commemo- 
rate the  fallen  her«»es,  yet  we  know  that  the  memory  of  their  valor 
and  heroic  devotion  to  our  country  will  never  farle  in  the  minds 
and  hearts  ot"  the  citizens,  and  that  their  love  and  gratitude  are  as 
strong  and  undying  as  though  a  monnment  of  stones  were  pileJ 
up  as  liigh  as  BalHiPs  tower. 


CHAPTER  XV. 

PIKE  cou:nty  bar. 

PIONEER  COCTRTS. 

Tlie  records  of  the  early  Courts  found  in  the  Circuit  Clerk'e 
office  open  as  follows: 

"At  a  Circuit  Court  begun  and  held  at  Cole's  Grove,  within  and 
for  the  county  of  Pike,  on  Monday,  thelirst  day  of  October,  in  the 
year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  twenty-one.  Present,  Hon. 
John  Reynolds,  Judge. 

"  The  Shei'ilf  of  the  county  returned  a  panel  of  grand  jurors, 
which  being  called  over,  sixteen  of  them  appeared  and  were  sworn 
agreeably  to  law,  viz:  Levi  Roberts,  foreman;  Ebenezer  Franklin, 
Gardner  H.  Tullus,  Joel  Racon,  George  Tully,  Ebenezer  Smith, 
David  Dutton,  Amos  Bancroft,  James  Nixon,  Nathaniel  Shaw, 
Thomas  Proctor,  Richard  Dilley,  Stephen  Dewey,  William  Massey, 
Comfort  Shaw.  Daniel  Phillips;  and  the  following  persons  were 
called  but  made  default,  to  wit:  Leonard  Ross,  Henry  J.  Ross, 
Daniel  Shinn,  James  M.  Seeley,  Abraiiam  Kuntz,  Levi  Newman, 
Henry  Loup,  John  Bolter  and  John.  Jackson. 

''  Joseph  Jervais  and  John  Shaw,  interpreters  sworn  to  give  evi- 
dence to  the  grand  jury." 

The  lirst  case  called  was  "  Solomon  Smith,  assignee  of  Elias  K. 
Kane,  vs.  Wm.  Frye,  action  of  debt."  The  case  was  continued,  as 
the  defendant  was  reported  by  the  Sheriff  not  found. 

The  second  case  was  a  "libel  for  a  divorce,"  by  Salley  Durham, 
plaintiff,  vs.  John  Durham,  defendant.  The  defendant  not  appear- 
ing, the  case  went  against  him. 

The  fourth  case  was  the  indictment  of  two  Indians  for  murder, 
an  account  of  which  is  given  in  our  chapter  entitled  "Criminal 
Record." 

Pike  county  was  originally  in  tlie  1st  Judicial  Circuit,  then  in  the 
5th,  and  is  now  in  the  lltli,  comprising  the  counties  of  Adams, 
Hancock,  McDonougli,  Fulton,  Schuyler,  Brown  and  Pike.  By 
])rovislon  of  a  recent  State  law  the  Circuit  elects  three  Judges,  who 
divide  the  work  between  them. 

Four  A])pellate  Districts  were  defined  in  the  State  in  1877,  for 
each  of  which  the  Supreme  Court  appoints  three  Judges,  and  these 


386  HISTORY    <»F    PIKR    COUNTY. 

Judi^es  elect  one  of  their  own  iiuinhor  the  presidini;  Jud«^e.  Kach 
District  elects  its  own  Clerk,  ami  these olficers  are  all  chosen  for  six 
'  years.  The  sessions  of  the  Court  ar»'  heUl  the  'M  Tuesday  of  May 
and  November  each  year.  Pike  connty  is  in  the  3d  Appellate 
District,  and  the  ('onrt  is  held  at  Sprin^'tield. 

CIRCLIT    JIIX.KS. 

We  ni>w  proceed  to  pive  a  short  sketch  of  all  the  .Iud<;es  and 
attorneys  who  have  l>een  or  are  now  connected  with  the  Bar  of  Pike 
connty. 

I/on.  John  Reynolds  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  of  Irish 
descent,  and  was  reared  amid  i)ionrer  associations  and  inihihed  the 
characteristics,  manners  ami  custom^  of  the  piont-ers.  lledislikotl 
|K>lish,  condemned  fashion,  and  was  addicted  to  inordinate  pro- 
i'anity.  These,  jjarnished  by  )iis  varie«l  rea<lin^,  a  luitivu  shrewd- 
ness and  a  womk-rfnl  fatMilty  of  garrulity,  tnakt*  him,  eoiisiderin<^  the 
hitfh  «»fHces  he  held,  one  of  the  public  o«idities  of  Illinois.  He 
wa.s  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supremo  (^onrt  when  he  held  Court 
at  Atlas. 

Hon.  John  Y.  S'lwf/t-r. — ]i\  the  (\>nstitutii»n  the  terms  otOtficeof 
the  Supreme  J uii^^es  were  to  expire  with  the  dose  «»f  the  year  lS'24. 
The  Legislature  re-t)r^anizetl  the  judiciary  by  creatin;^  ln»th  Circuit 
and  Supremo  Courts.  The  State  was  divided  into  five  judicial 
circuit^*,  prc»vidin;^  t\ro  terms  of  Court  annually  in  each  county. 
The  salaries  of  the  (circuit  .Indices  were  lixe<I  at  $t>00.  Judge 
Sawyer  was  the  first  Circuit  Jinl^  to  hold  Court  in  this  county. 
Ho  was  chosen  for  the  First  Circuit. 

/{on.  liichard  J/!  Voitn/j  was  appointed  Jud^e  of  this  Circuit  in 
iS'J'^,  and  reinaineil  in  the  «»tru'e  till  January,  ls;i7,  when  he  resi^ne<i 
to  accept  a  seat  in  the  I'nited  States  Senate.  Jud^e  Voung  was  a 
native  of  Keiitueky,  and  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Northern 
Illinois.  He  rankiil  iiigh  in  iiis  profession,  and  his  counsels  did 
mucit  to  shajK*  the  policy  «»f  the  State.  In  his  manners  he  was 
gentle,  courteous  and  entertaining,  which  qualities  rendered  him 
attractive  and  p<>pular.  He  was  generous  in  iiis  feelings  and  lib- 
eral in  his  views;  |M>s»e8sed  lilieral  endowment  of  intellectual  abil- 
ity and  literary  and  legal  ac»juirements,  and  these,  with  his  other 
QUailillcations,  a<lmiral»ly  fitte«I  him  for  the  post  he  was  called  to 
fall.     He  died  from  insanity. 

lion.  Janu8  U.  Ralston,  a  native  of  Kentucky,  was  elected  by  the 
Legislattire  in  1837,  ami  in  August  of  the  same  year  he  resigne<l  on 
account  of  his  health,  with  a  view  of  going  U)  Texas,  whither  he 
went,  but  soon  returne«l  to  Quincy.  In  1S40  he  was  elected  State 
Senator.  In  1846  President  Polk  appointed  iiim  Assistant  Quar- 
termaster of  the  U.  S.  army.  Having  discharged  his  duties  faith- 
fully during  the  war  with  Mexico,  he  returned  home  and  soon  after 
eniiirrated  to  California. 

lion.  Peter  Lott^  a  native  of  New  York,  was  elected  the  successor 


y. 


iy//(J. ,  (^//-.^/'^/^£) 


GRieeSVILLC 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUJSTY.  389 

of  James  Kalston,  and  continued  iu  the  office  until  January,  1841. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Ad- 
ams county,  and  served  until  1852;  he  theti  went  to  California  and 
was  appointed  Superintendent  of  the  U.  S.  Mint  in  San  Francisco 
by  President  Pierce,  and  was  removed  iu  1857  by  President 
Buchanan,  and  afterward  moved  to  Kansas  and  lived  in  humble 
life. 

Hon.  Stephen  A.  Douglas  was  elected  Jud^^e  by  the  Legislature 
in  1841.  The  life  and  career  of  this  great  man  is  so  well  and  widely 
known  as  to  render  any  extended  notice  of  him  useless.  It  is  suf- 
ficient to  say  that  the  circumstances  under  which  he  entered  upon 
the  duties  of  his  office  were  such  as  to  thoroughly  try  the  scope  of 
his  ability.  The  Circuit  was  large;  the  previous  incumbent  of  the 
office  had  left  the  "docket"  loaded  with  unfinished  "  cases,"  but  he 
was  more  than  equal  to  the  task.  He  "cleaned  out  the  docket " 
with  that  dispatch  and  ability  which  distinguished  his  subsequent 
course;  and  so  profound  was  the  impression  he  made  upon  the 
people  that,  in  the  first  Congressional  election  which  occurred  after 
he  was  established  in  his  character  as  Judge,  he  received  nomination 
as  a  member  of  Congress,  and  was  elected. 

Hon.  Jesse  B.  Thomas  was  appointed  in  August,  1843,  and  con- 
tinued to  hold  the  position  until  1845,  when  he  resigned.  Judge 
Thomas  possessed  high  legal  abilities  and  acquirements,  and  dis- 
charjjed  the  duties  of  his  office  with  honor  to  himself  and  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  people.  After  his  resignation  he  was  appointed 
to  another  Circuit,  and  soon  after  died.  He  was  a  delegate  to 
Congress  from  Indiana  as  early  as  1808.  His  district  was  what 
are  now  the  States  of  Indiana,  Illinois,  Wisconsin  and  Michigan. 
He  was  one  of  the  first  U.  S.  Senators  of  Illinois. 

Hon.  Nortnan  H.  Purple  was  the  next  incumbent  of  the  office. 
He  was  elected  in  1845  and  served  till  May,  1849,  when  he  resigned. 
The  probable  cause  for  this  was  the  insulBciency  of  salary.  The 
people  of  this  district  were  anxious  to  retain  him  as  Judge,  and 
probably  would,  but  for  the  cause  stated.  He  was  distinguished 
for  high  legal  abilities  and  executive  talents,  and  the  office  was  ren- 
dered the  more  honorable  for  his  having  occupied  it. 

Hon.  Willvim  A.  Minshall  was  elected  in  May,  1849,  and  con- 
tinued to  hold  the  office  till  his  death,  in  October,  1851,  although  in 
1850  his  district  was  changed.  Judge  M.  was  a  native  of 
Teimessee,  and  came  early  into  the  State.  He  was  an  active  and 
successful  lawyer,  and  attained  distinction  in  his  profession.  Pre- 
vious to  his  election  as  Judge  he  had  been  a  men)ber  of  the  Con- 
stitutional Convention,  and  also  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 

Hon.  0.  C .  Skinyier  succeeded  Judge  Minshall  and  occupied  the 
office  from  JNLay,  1851,  to  May,  1853,  when  he  was  elected  to  the 
Su])reme  Bench,  and  remained  there  till  1858,  when  he  resigned. 
He  was  a  sound,  able  lawyer,  and  popular  as  a  Judge,  and  gained 
eminence  in  his  position  as  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Hon.  Pinkney  H.  Walker  served  until  his  appointment,  in  1858, 

24 


390  niSTOUY  OK  I'iKi;  (ointy. 

t 

to  till  ii  vficaiicy  on  the  Supreme  I^onoli.  Ii»  ls.'>l«  lie  w.is  elected  to 
the  Supreme  Court  tor  nine  y<^ft»'!*.  which  poeition  he  now  holdn. 
tTudi^e  Widker  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  came  into  the  State 
with  his  father  anR)n<;  the  llr>t  settlers,  anil  located  in  McDonoUirh 
county.  lie  had  only  eucli  a<lvantat;es  for  obtaining  his  literary 
acquirements  as  a  newl}-  seltletl  country  afforded,  but  a  strong 
determination,  adde<l  t<t  high  intellectual  abilities  and  good  healtli, 
carried  him  over  all  of  the  educatituial  wants  of  the  times,  and 
gave  him  a  fair  })osition  as  a  scholar.  'I'he  same  (jualilications 
rendered  him  thorough  as  a  student  of  law.  and  gave  him  superi- 
oritv  as  a  ccMinselor.      His  present  residence  is  at   Uushville. 

J/on.  John  S.  lidiUy  wai^  tin*  succeeding  incumbent  «)f  the  office 
Rjul  served  tor  three  years.  I'reviou^  t«)  his  appointment  he  was 
State's  Attorney  for  this  district.  He  was  consiilered  a  sound 
lawyer,  and  made  an  impartial  Judge.  lie  now  resides  at  Ma- 
comb, jind  yet  toll<»w«  his  chosen  profession. 

Jlon.  C/uiuncey  L.  IHybee,  of  Tike  county,  was  tirst  elected  in 
1861,  and  was  re  electe<i  twice,  each  time  for  six  years.  Ills  repii- 
tation  as  an  able  lawyer  is  un(|uestionctl,  and  fewer  Jippeals  were 
made  from  his  decisions  than  from  any  other. fudije  in  the  State. 
Ill' w.is  elected  to  the  Apjiellate  Court  in  1^77,  when  the  present 
incumbent,  Judge  Shope,  of  Lewihtown,  was  <d»osen. 

//"n.  S.  P.  Shi^p^. — Judge  Shope,  of  Lewistown,  was  born  in 
Mi.-hissippi  but  reared- in  Ohio,  In  the  spring  of  l^.SO  he  came  to 
Illinois,  read  law  with  .Judges  Purple  and  Powell  in  Peoria,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  liar  .lune  11,  HiritJ.  He  tir^t  opened  an  »»tficc 
in  Metatnora,  111,  but  in  a  short  tin»c  removed  to  I^ewistown,  where 
he  still  resides.  He  has  had  a  large  practice  as  a  lawyer,  not  only 
in  his  own  Judicial  District,  but  also  in  Logjui.  Mason  and  Csiss 
counties.  In  August,  ls77,  he  was  electe»l  Judge  of  this  I)ihtrict 
without  op|M>sition.     His   thorough  knowleilge  of  law,  quick  com- 

i>rehenhiou   and    well-known    impartiality,   render   him   a    j>opular 
udge. 

PROSECCTIKCi  ATTORNEYS. 

Uiiring  tlie  earliest  period  of  tlie  county's  liistory  tlie  Attorney 
General  of  the  State  acted  as  Prosecuting  Attorney  in  (Circuit  Dis- 
tricts. After  the  exjnration  of  Atti»rncv  (Jeneral  Forqner's  term 
the  Circuit  was  ijiven  a  State's  Atti»rnev.  This  mode  remained  in 
vogue,  although,  of  course,  the  districts  were  often  changed  and  cut 
down,  until  1S72,  wlien  the  county  was  given  a  Prosecuting  At- 
toriiev,  who  is  known  both  as  State's  Attorney  and  County  At- 
tornev.  This  otiicial  is  not  now.  as  formerly,  called  out  of  the 
cojinty  to  prosecute  for  tlie  peojile. 

The  Prosecuting  Attorneys  serving  this  county  are  as  follows: 
n<'n.    Thrtmas  Ford  served  for  several  years  previous  to   1835. 
lie  was  ]>oppesse<l  of  high  and  noble  qtialities  of  manliood,  a  thor- 
ough student,  a  keen,  energetic,  untiring  lawyer,  of  strict  integrity 


msTOKY  OP'  I'iKi-:  coui<Tv.  391 

and  laiulable  aspirations,  ami  was  universally  esteemed  and  re- 
spected, lie  afterward  became  Judge  of  the  northern  district,  and 
when  he  liad  heeonie  known  over  tlie  State,  was  chosen  Governor 
by  A  spr>ntaneoiis  movement  of  tlie  people.  Mr.  Ford  i'ailed  to 
appear  at  the  Courts  of  this  county  very  mucli,  and  in  his  phice  in 
1832  Hon.  J.  U.  Ralston  served,  and  in  1833  Gen.  John  J.  llardin. 

Ilo/i.  Willinin  A.  Richard^on^  who  served  till  1837.  Mr.  Rich- 
ardson's jjersonal  merits  and  characteristics  are  too  well  known  t(» 
require  any  delineation,  llis  predominating  traits  were  courage, 
nnyielding  perseverance  and  unvarying  adherence  to  the  cause  to 
which  he  was  committed.  He  had  command  of  a  regiment  of  Hli- 
nois  volunteers  during  the  ]\[exican  war,  and  in  the  battle  of  Bueiia 
Vista  his  cap  was  carried  from  his  head  by  a  musket  ball.  He  re- 
turned liome  and  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  re-elected  five 
times.     He  was  also  a])pointed  Governor  ot  Nebraska  by  Buchanan. 

Hon.  Henry  L.  Bryant,  of  Lewistown,  succeeded  !Mr.  Richardson, 
and  served  until  1839.  He  is  characterized  as  a  gentleman  of  fine 
qualities  and  as  an  able  lawyer. 

Hon.  William  Elliott  served  from  January,  1839,  till  Januar}'. 
1848.  He  was  esteemed  as  a  worthy  man.  a  warm  friend  and  a 
good  lawyer.  He  served  in  tlie  Black  Hawk  war,  and  was  wounded 
in  a  hand-to-hand  conflict  with  a  single  Indian,  whom  he  killed. 
He  was  Quartermaster  in  the  4th  Regiment  during  the  Mexican 
war,  and  served  through.  He  returned  to  Lewistown  and  continued 
his  practice  until  about  1850,  when  he  moved  upon  a  farm  in  Peoria 
county,  near  Farmington,  where  he  died  in  February,  1871. 

Flon.  liohert  S.  Blackwell  was  the  successor  of  Mr.  Elliott,  and 
served  from  1848  till  1852.  Mr.  Blackwell  was  one  of  the  most 
distinguished  lawvers  in  the  State,  and  is  the  author  of  "Blackwell 
on  Tax  Titles." 

Harmon  G.  Reynolds. — From  1852  to  1854,  Hon.  Harmon  G. 
Reynolds,  of  Knoxville,  held  the  office.  Mr.  Reynolds  was  an  at- 
tornev-at-law  of  (jreat  abilitv,  and  an  active  man  in  all  beneficent 
enterprises.  He  came  from  Rock  Island  to  Knoxville  some  time 
about  1851,  where  he  practiced  law,  was  State's  Attorney  and  post- 
master, and  held  prominent  positions  in  the  Masonic  order.  He 
moved  from  Knoxville  to  Springfield,  where  he  served  as  Grand 
Secretary  of  the  order.     He  now  resides  in  Kansas. 

William  C.  Goudy. —  Hon.  William  C.  Goudv,  of  Lewistown, 
succeeded  Mr.  Reynolds.  Mr.  Goudy  was  a  shrewd  Democratic 
politician  in  earlier  days,  as  well  as  a  faithful  servant  of  the  people 
as  a  delegate  to  convejitions,  as  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  etc. 
As  a  lawyer  he  is  accounted  one  of  the  ablest  that  ever  practiced 
at  the  Bar.  He  has  accumulated  large  wealth  and  now  resides  in 
Chicago,  where  he  moved  in  1859. 

Calvin  A.  Warren  followed  Mr.  Blackwell  in  the  office.  Mr. 
Warren  served  from  May,  1852,  until  August,  1853.  This  gentleman 
was  a  popular,  fluent  speaker  and  successful  lawyer. 


3'JJ  mSToltV    OF    ITKK    COUNTY. 

//"/<.  Ji>hn  S.  lidlley^  of  McI)oiiuij<^h  comity,  tilled  the  office 
until  St'ptcmlKT.  1S5S.  when  he  resiuiuHJ  for  ft  seht  upon  the  Heiich. 

Ihniifl  If.  ^//7//<fr  scrviMJ  iis  State's  A  ttorncv  j[>;v'  tein  in  18<)(>, 
as  ;ilso  did  ThoiM.is  K.  Morgan  in  istlii,  and  \\  ni.  K.  Archer. 

Hi>n.  L.  II.  )Vat>r8  was  apjMiijited  hv  the  Governor  to  fill  the 
une.xpired  term  <»f  Mr.  Hailey.  lie  was  fnnn  Maeoinl),  and  served 
nntil  th«'  fall  <»f  18<;0.  A  year  later  he  etitired  the  army  as  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel of  the  2Sth  Illinois  Inljintry.  lie.'^ii^nin^,  he  was 
commissione<l  tt>  raise  another  re;^iment,  which  he  siieceetled  in 
doiiit;  and  receive<l  the  appointment  of  Culoiiel.  Ihis  was  the  84th 
Illinois  Infantry  and  did  e.xcellejit  service  under  his  efficient  coni- 
nnind.  At  the  close  of  the  w:ir  he  returned  to  Macoml)  and  prac- 
ticed law,  and  ul»onl  four  years  later  moved  to  Missouri.  He  nt»w 
resides  at  Jetlerson  City  that  State. 

Thom'18  K.  M**r<j(in  was  the  next  incumlHMit.  Mr.  .Mor^^an  was 
a  lawyer  of  tine  alnlity  and  raJiked  at  the  head  of  the  Bar  iti  this 
part  of  the  State.      He  .lied  July   22.    18«;7. 

L.  W.  Jame»y  of  Lewistown,  was  the  next  incumbent.  Mr.  James 
i«  a  lawyer  of  more  than  onlinary  talent,  and  was  one  of  the  best 
prosecutors  in  the  district,  and  is  sai<l  to  be  one  of  the  most  brilliant 
youn;X  nun  in  the  Slate.      He  now  r«'sides  at  I'eoria. 

Jeff  Orr. — When  each  county  throughout  the  (/ircuit  was  given 
a  Prtisecutin<j  Att«)rney  JefF  Orr  was  chosen  for  Pike  county,  and 
sinee  has  served  with  niark^nl  abilitv.      He  is  a  vtuin;;   member  of 

the  Bar,  »*tid<iwed  with  ijreat  .-..•,...?  .jifu-d  with  sujierior  ruitive 

talent.      lie  has  resi»ied  in  I'  •    18/3. 

TMK    BAK. 

The  liar  of  Tike  ct)Utity  has  ever  sUiod  i.i.  most  of  all  in  this 
preat  State.  Souie  of  tli»' best  le;;al  miiuls,  and  fairest  lo<ricians 
and  finest  orators  of  the  a^  liave  practiced  at  this  Bar. 

In  reviewini*  the  Bar  of  tlie  county  our  readers  must  bear  in 
mind  that  as  ihe  prosperity  and  wcll-bcin;;  of  every  community 
depends  upon  the  wi^e  interpreUition,  \\»  well  as  upi»n  the  judi- 
ci<»us  framin;;,  of  its  laws,  it  must  follow  lliat  a  record  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Bar.  to  whom  tliese  matters  are  penerall}'  relcpited, 
must  form  no  unimportant  cliapter  in  tlie  county's  history.  Up<»n 
a  few  principles  of  natural  justice  is  erect<*d  the  whole  8U|>erstruc- 
ture  of  civil  law  tending  to  relieve  tlie  wants  and  meet  the  desires 
of  all  alike.  But  where  so  many  interests  and  counter  interests 
are  to  be  pri»tected  and  adjusted,  to  the  judiciary  is  presented  many 
interesting  and  complex  prol>loms.  But  change  is  everywhere  im- 
minent. The  laws  of  yest»'rday  do  not  compass  the  wants  and 
necessities  of  the  people  of  to-day.  The  old  relations  do  not  exist. 
New  and  satisfactor}-  ones  must  Ik?  established.  The  discoveries  in 
the  arts  and  sciences,  the  invention  of  new  contrivances  for  labor, 
the  cidargement  of  industrial  pursuits,  and  the  increase  and  devel- 
opment of  commerce  are  without  precedence,  and   the  science  of 


i 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  393 

the  law  must  keep  pace  witli  them  all;  nay,  it  must  even  forecast 
events  and  so  frame  its  laws  as  will  most  ade(niately  subserve  the 
wants  and  jirovide  fur  the  necessities  of  the  new  conditions.  Hence 
the  lawyer  is  a  man  of  the  day.  The  exii^encies  he  must  meet  are 
those  of  his  own  time.  His  capital  is  his  ability  and  individuality. 
He  can  not  bequeath  to  his  successors  the  characteristics  that  dis- 
tiiii^niished  him,  and  at  his  goini^  the  very  evidences  of  his  work 
disa})pear.  And  in  compilini^  this  short  sketcii  one  is  astonished 
at  the  paucity  of  material  for  a  memoir  of  those  who  have  been  so 
intimately  connected  with,  and  who  exerted  such  an  inliuence  upon, 
the  county's  welfare  and  progress.  The  peculiarities  and  the  per- 
sonalities, which  form  so  pleasing  and  interesting  a  part  of  the  lives 
of  the  members  of  the  Bar,  and  which  indeed  constitute  the  charm 
of  local  history,  are  altogether  wanting.  Unlike  the  fair  plaintiff 
in  Bardell  vs.  Pickw.ick,  we  have  no  pains-taking  sergeant  to  relate 
"the  facts  and  circumstances"  of  the  case.  The  Court  records 
give  us  the  facts,  but  the  circumstances  surrounding  and  giving 
an  interest  to  the  events  are  wanting. 

The  great  prominence  in  history  occupied  by  the  Bar  of  the  Mili- 
tary Tract  is  well  known,  and  ranking  witli  and  a  part  of  this  is 
the  Pike  county  Bar.  High  as  stood  the  local  standard  of  its  at- 
tainment and  repute,  whenever  its  chieftains  were  called  to  combat 
on  other  arenas,  they  left  no  lost  lanrels  there.  Here  were  taught, 
needed,  developed,  the  stalwart  qualities  that  attach  to  and  betoken 
the  most  complete  fruition  of  legal  excellence,  as  attained  in  the 
recognition,  study,  comprehension  and  application  of  tlie  abstruse 
and  limitless  principles  and  history  of  that  noblest  portion  of  juris- 
prudence, land  law. 

It  is  no  such  difficult  task  to  become  what  the  world  calls  a 
lawyer,  but  with  hope  to  tread  the  higher  paths  of  the  profession, 
easy  effort,  varnished  knowledge,  common  mind  muscle,  need  not  ap- 
ply. There  are  grades  to  which  any  may  attain,  but  there  are  also 
summits  to  which  few  can  aspire.  Education,  industry,  and  per- 
sistency may  rightly  demand  and  ensure  success  and  even  eminence 
in  the  settlement  of  commercial  collisions,  or  in  the  adjustment  of 
the  thousand  ordinary  interests  that  constantly  appeal  to  a  lawyer's 
guidance.  The  babbling  charlatan  may,  equally  with  the  profound 
jurist,  claim  a  fictitious  standing  as  a  criminal  advocate;  but  such 
will  always  stumble  among  the  rugged  paths  of  "  land  law  "  prac- 
tice, where  rests  the  settlement  of  the  earth's  ownership  and  where 
true  learning,  combined  with  most  grasping  mental  strength,  can 
only  be  at  home. 

On  this  broad  field,  years  since,  inviting  and  fast  filling  with  ad- 
venturous immigration,  where  existed  land  titles  of  every  shade, 
affected  by  conflicting  legislation  varying  as  the  years,  was  gained 
the  rare  traininj^  and  reputation  of  theleujal  athletes,  an  arena  such 
as  was  found  in  no  other  section  of  the  State;  and  in  addition  to 
these  advantageous  themes  of  practice,  the  professional  necessities 


394  mSTOKY    OF    riKE  cointv. 

of  the  Bar  vastly  aided  its  ineinhers  in  their  inlvaiice  to  sell'-reliant 
supremacy.     The  reasons  tor  this  are  novel,  but  conclusive. 

Law  in  those  j)asl-«»ft'  days  denjaiided  of  its  votaries  different 
(juaiities  t'rom  now.  It  exacted  tlie  iii>tiMets  of  the  smarter  n>en,  of 
^eiiiu>  and  nerve  and  novelty.  It  was  the  intellectual  over  the  ed- 
ucated who  chietly  led  tlie  van.  Of  hooks  there  were  few.  Author- 
ities and  precedents  slunihered  rmt  in  the  ^real  handy  lil»raries. 
The  entire  resources  «>f  the  Bounty  Tract  couKl  hnrdly  till  out  the 
shelves  of  one  t»rdinary  lawyer's  library  to-d.iy.  Hence  alike, 
whether  en;^a;reil  in  counsel  or  in  liti;;ati<iii,  native  resource,  re- 
nienilirance  of  past  readin<;,  but  tnainly  the  readiness  and  aptitude 
with  which  Icuul  pr  iiciples  dr.iwn  tVoiu  ru<linie!ital  rcatlm;;  or 
educed  by  intuition  couM  bt-  applied  t<»  any  interest  or  exi;^encein 
"  the  infinite  vanity  of  human  concerns,"  were  the  armories  whence 
were  «lrawn  their  welded  weapons  of  assured  success. 

lie  wn«  a  luckle>s  lawyer  who  had  t<i  hunt  his  bitoka  to  >ettle  a 
suddenly  controverted  point,  or  answer  a  bewildered  client's  (juery; 
anil  he  wan  a  liccuoed  champion,  who,  theorizin*;  from  bis  iubtored 
le^il  lore,  or  instinctive  acumen,  knew  on  tlie  instant  where  best  to 
pi»int  his  thrust  and  wa-eijually  ready  with  every  form  of  parry  and 
J, .''■•"-..  The  offhand  action  iiud  advice  of  such  men,  nerved  by 
U'  V  an<l  skilloil   bv  contest,  became  of  Course  to  be  re^jarded 

almost  like  leaves  of  law. 

One  can  thus  somewhat  realize  what  keen,  pliant,  incisive'  re- 
source was  attained  l»y  such  careers,  how  inspirin;^  and  attractive 
Wen*  their  collisions,  lu>w  refined  and  subtle  and  sharpened  their 
ititellecls  must  have  lH?c<ime. 

It  should  not  be.sU[»p.»seil  tliat  loosene>s,  lack  <if  accuracy  or  Ic^al 
formula,  marketl  the  rulin^^sof  the  Bench  «»r  B.ir.  There  was  friend- 
ship and  familiarity,  it  is  true,  becaust^"  everylxKly  knew  everybody ; 
the  court-houses  were  shaniblin;;^reat  log  shantius,  their  furniture, 
chairs  ami  desks,  split-bottuir.ed  and  unplaned,  would  have  set  a 
modern  lawyer's  *'  -m  ed;^e,  but  the    Bench  was  alwavs  filled 

with  «'haracter,  kt.  ..  .„'e  and  di:;nity  (in  fact,  the  second  Jinl^^e 
who  held  Court  in  Pike  county,  Jidin  Y<»rk  Sawyer,  weighed  386 
]>ounds,  and  if  that  Bench  was  not  full  of  judicial  di;;nity  where 
will  tlie  proper  amoutit  of  avtjirtJupyis  be  found  ?),  and  forensic  rulinj; 
and  requirement  was  governed  by  as  much  judicial  precision  and 
professional  deference  as  would  mark  the  records  of  the  most  pre- 
tentious tribunals  in  the  land. 

The  Bar  in  those  days  was  a  sort  of  fa.nilv  to  itself.  Tliere  was 
a  mutual  actjuaiutance.  All  traveled  the  Circuit,  went  to  every 
county  on  Court  week,  came  fr«)m  all  tjmirters.  Egypt  and  (ialena 
had  their  represenUitives.  Some  went  there  because  they  had  busi- 
ness: some  because  they  wanted  to  get  business,  and  all  that  thej' 
nii<rht  learn. 

In  ("ourt,  by  practice  and  observation,  was  ac(^uired  much  of 
knowledge  that  the  ])aucity  of  books  denied  the  student  and  young 
practitioner.     Out  of  Court  their  association  was  like  that  of  a  de- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  395 

bating  society  or  law  school.  They  iniiiglod  in  cuiiiin<.ii.  ate,  drank, 
6nK)ked,  j<->ked,  disputed  together.  The  Judge  had  at  the  tavern  the 
spare  room,  if  such  a  room  there  was,  and  the  lawyers  bunked 
cosily,  dozens  together,  in  the  '•omnibus,"  as  tlie  big,  many-bedded 
room  was  called,  and  there  they  had  it.  "Whatever  of  law  ]>oint 
.  ])ast,  pending,  or  ])i-obable  could  be  raised,  they  ''went  for,"  dis- 
cussed, dissected,  worried,  fought  over  it  until,  whether  convinced 
or  not,  all  knew  more  than  when  they  commenced;  and  thus,  strug- 
gling over  these  mude-up  issues  of  debate,  became  sharpened,  by 
mutual  attrition,  the  legal  faculties  that  were  ]»anting  lor  future 
and  more  serious  contests. 

These  lawyers  were  on  exhibition,  too,  and  the}'  knew  it.  Every 
man  iu  the  county  came  to  town  Court  week  if  he  could.  There 
were  Imt  few  people  in  the  country  then,  and  Court  Aveek  was  the 
natural  periodical  time  for  the  farmers  to  meet,  swap  stories,  make 
trades,  learn  the  news,  hear  the  speeches  and  form  their  own  opin- 
ions as  to  which  of  these  "  tonguey  fellers  it  is  safest  to  give  business 
to  or  vote  for  for  the  Legislater." 

A  pretty  good  idea  how  universal  was  the  gathering  of  necessity 
at  the  county-seats  in  those  primitive  days  may  be  gleaned  from  the 
fact  that  often  Sheriff,  Capt.  Ross  and  Deputy  Sherifi""  Jimmy  "  Ross 
liad  to  go  on  the  jury  to  make  up  the  number.  They  could  not  find 
enough  men  in  reach  to  sit  as  jurors.  They  had  jolly  old  times, 
those  limbs  of  the  law — ^jt'Hy,  indeed.  Most  of  them  .were  young. 
All  were  instinct  with  the  very  cream  of  zeal,  enterprise  and  origin- 
ality that  inheres  to  a  new  community,  and  among  them  jibe  and 
jest  and  fun  and  yarn  and  repartee  and  sell  were  tossed  about  like 
meteoric  showers. 

An  amusing  incident  is  told  in  which  figured  an  eminent  surviv- 
ing member  of  the  Bar,  of  the  Military  Tract.  lie,  the  Judge,  and 
the  Prosecuting  Attorney,  traveling  over  the  prairie,  while  lighting 
their  pipes,  either  thoughtlessly  or  accidentally  set  the  grass  on 
fire.  It  spread,  swept  toward  the  timber,  destroyed  a  settler's  fences 
and  improvements,  and  some  luckless  wight  was  indicted  for  the 
oflense.     The  lawyer  above  was  engaged  as  counsel  for  the  culprit. 

The  Prosecuting  Attorney  of  course  had  his  duty  to  perform  to 
the  furtherance  of  the  ends  of  justice;  the  Judge  had  the  outraged 
interests  of  law  to  protect  under  the  solemnity  of  his  position  and 
oath;  but  it  required  all  the  earnest  efiort  of  the  gifted  counsel,  all 
the  generous  ruling  of  the  Judge,  all  the  blundering  action  of  the 
Prosecuting  Attorney,  the  united  sympathies,  in  fact,  of  this  secretly 
sinning  legal  trinity  to  prevent  the  jury  from  finding  a  verdicl 
against  the  innocent  accused.  Countless  are  the  racy  legends  of  Illi- 
nois life  and  law,  unrecor<led  and  fast  fading  away  as  the  memories 
that  hold  them  pass  from  existence,  but  time  and  sj>ace  give  now 
Do  warrant  for  their  recital. 

BAR    OF    THE    PAST. 

Of  those  attorneys  who  resided  in  the   county  at  one   time,  or 


39(5  HISTORY    OF    PIKK   OOUNTl'. 

practicotl  horc,  and  are  now  either  dejul,  have  (jiiit  the  ])rnctice  or 
inovcfl  away,  we  will  sj)oak  Hr^t  : 

Gen.  E.  D.  Bahr,  whoee  father  was  an  A<liiiinil  in  tlio  Kri«;libh 
navy,  anti  whost?  brother,  Dr.  Alfred  ('.  Hakrr,  now  residt's  at  Harry, 
was  an  eminent  lawyer,  a  line  rhettirician  and  orator,  a  man  of 
great  intellect,  ami  a  leader  in  the  halls  of  leijislation.  After  many 
years'  practice  in  Illinois  he  went  to  California,  which  State  soon 
sent  hiiM  to  (/oni^ress  as  Senatt)r.  hut  he  was  finally  slain  hv  treach- 
ery at  I'all's  I'.liitr  in  \'ir;rinia. 

Jlon.  (>.  II  Browning^  of  Quincy,  tot>  well  known  to  (K'scribe 
here,  has  practiced  at  this  liar. 

Col.  D.  11.  liusfi,  of  Pittstiehl,  is  the  oldest  man  in  tlu'  county 
who  ha-s  been  a  m»MnlMr  '"f  flir  I'.ar  at  this  Court  Il<'  \va>  admit- 
ted to  practice  in  ISI !. 

Hon.  ./.  -J/.  Bu*/t.  the  present  editor  of  the  Democi'dt,  luis  prac- 
ticeti  l.iw  here  with  commemlal)le  succt'ss. 

Nelieiniah  liu^hnell,  a  partner  o\'  Mr.  l»rownini;'s  at  (Quincy, 
has  also  practiced  law  in  the  I'ike  county  Circuit  C<»urt.  lie  was 
an  easy,  (Hiiet  and  thorough  lawyer,  ainl  \\  superior  man  in  the  U. 
S.  Court.      He  dird  in  IST'J. 

Ah'it'd  W.  C'lralri/  was  a  smooth,  |>retty  talker.  He  moved  to 
Ottawa  and  died  there  a  vear  or  two  airo  at  a  very  a<lvancetl  ivjc. 

George  W.  Croir,  of  Harry,  was  a  young  num  but  not  much  <d'a 
lawyer.      He  werit  t<»  Kansas.  * 

Ste/>I(tn  A.  !>ougUts  practiced  at  tin-  Pike  county  liar  in  lurly 
days. 

Ditniil  JI.  (iilnur  was  a  young  but  able  lawyer,  thorough-going, 
learned,  careful  and  popidar.  For  a  time  ho  was  a  partner  of  Archi- 
bald William*,  and  was  subsequently  a  C(donel  in  the  army,  suc- 
ceeding C«il.  Carlin  :  he  was  killed  at  Stone  river.  His  daughter 
Lizzie  is  now  Postmistress  at  Pittsfield. 

Jatkson  Grimi*fnixo,  younger  brother  <»f  Hon,  Wm.  A.  Grimsliaw, 
was  leader  «d'the  liar  in  his  day.  He  resided  at  Pitt.-field  fourteen 
years,  then  went  to  Quincy,  where  he  died  in  December,  1^75. 

The  following  high  eulogy  was  paid  tt)  the  memory  of  Mr.  (irim- 
ehaw  by  Hon.  I.  N.  Morris  before  the  liar  of  Quificy,  at  the  time 
of  his  decease  :  "  I  rise  to  second  the  motion  to  place  on  the 
records  «»f  this  (^«Mirt  the  resolutions  adoj»ted  by  the  members  of 
the  liar  of  Quincy,  as  a  slight  testimonial  to  the  memory  of  Jack- 
son (irimshaw.  It  is  but  little  we  can  do,  at  l)efit,  to  keej>  the 
defacing  march  of  time  from  obliterating  every  sensitive  memory 
of  our  departed  frieiuls.  but  we  can  «lo  something  toward  it  and 
le^  us  do  that  little  in  this  instance.  Jackson  Grimshaw  deserves  a 
living  place  in  our  minds  and  in  our  hearts.  Yet  he  was  mortal. 
He,  like  other  men,  had  his  faults  and  his  virtues.  His  faults 
belotiged  to  himself.  His  virtues!  to  all.  When  the  melancholy 
news  came  out  froin  his  residence,  at  11  o'clock  yesterday,  that  he 
was  dead,  its  echo  went  over  the  city  like  the  sound  f»f  a  funeral 
bell,  and   *•  poor  Grimshaw''  was  the  general  wail  amid  the  heart- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  397 

felt  sorrow  of  all.  Ilis  genius  was  of  no  ordinary  kind;  his  energy 
was  tireless,  and  lie  was  true  to  his  profession,  his  client  and  his 
honor.  I  challenge  any  man  to  say  if  he  ever  heard  either 
impeached,  even  by  a  suspicion.  If  there  was  any  thing  the 
deceased  hated  more  than  any  other,  it  was  an  illiberal,  tricky, 
unmanly,  dishonorable  act,  inside  or  outside  of  the  ])r(>fession,  more 
especially  inside  of  it.  He  had  no  patience  with  anything  low  or 
mean.  These  words  grate  on  the  ear,  but  I  know  of  none  more 
api^ropriate  or  expressive.  His  impulses  flowed  from  a  pure  and 
nul)le  inspiration,  and  were  guided  by  a  cultivated  mind.  I  repeat 
it  with  pride,  Jackson  Grimshaw  was  an  honest  man.  He  bowed 
to  no  expediency,  nor  to  sordid  motive.  He  was  easily  excited, 
and  the  blood  would  mount  to  his  cheeks  instantly  at  a  wrong  or 
indignity,  and  he  would  rebuke  it  on  the  spot.  All  will  concede 
there  was  not  a  particle  of  deceit  or  hypocrisy  al)out  him.  What 
he  was  he  was,  and  we  all  understood  him.  He  did  not  ask  a  favctr 
in  a  smiling,  cunning,  obsequious  way,  but  he  trod  the  world  as  a 
man,  and  he  looked  with  pity  and  disdain  upon  the  servile  who 
crawl  upon  their  belly.  In  short,  I  say  from  a  long  and  intimate 
acquaintance,  notwithstanding  his  (piick  resentment  and  hasty 
words,  he  was  superior  in  all  the  better  qualities  of  the  head  and 
heart,  for  he  never  meant  or  planned  a  wrong:  never  coollj'  devised 
an  evil,  or  gave  the  least  countenance  to  it  in  another.  I  do  not 
speak  the  languageofromaTice  or  eulogy,  but  the  simple,  unadorned 
language  of  truth,  and  by  that  standard  let  him  be  judged.  He 
would  not  prostitute  his  profession  to  plunder  the  widow  or  the 
orphan,  or,  in  other  words,  he  did  not  study  or  practice  it  merely 
as  a  means  of  gain,  but  for  the  higher  and  nobler  purpose  of  estab- 
lishinir  iustice  amoiif;  men,  and  not  dei^radinj;  the  court-house 
into  a  place  of  tricks,  technicalities  and  legal  legerdemain.  His 
sense  of  right  was  exalted,  and  he  was  not  a  spawn  of  nature,  but 
was  cast  in  the  best  mold.  I  repeat  it,  he  was  in  the  broadest 
sense  of  the  term  an  lionest  and  honorable  lawyer  and  man. 

It  is  no  disparagement  to  others  to  say  that  in- his  profession  he 
was  the  peer  of  any  of  them.  He  Was  a  close  student,  but  what 
was  better,  he  was  a  close  thinker.  The  principles  beai'ing  on  his 
case  shone  through  his  mind  as  the  face  in  the  mirror,  and  they 
were  unfolded  to  the  Court  and  the  Jnrv  in  lauijuaore  clear,  forcible 
and  convincing.  His  plain  law,  his  impressment  of  facts,  hiseluci- 
dation,  his  power  of  analysis,  his  clear,  forcible  language  and 
delivery,  j^laced  him  justly  in  the  front  rank  at  the  Bar. 

Zachariah  N.  Garhutt  was  born  in  Wheatland,  N.  Y.,  about 
the  year  1813;  graduated  at  the  University  of  Vermont;  studied 
law  in  Washington  city  in  the  office  of  Matthew  St.  Clair  Clark; 
he  directly  emigrated  to  Jacksonville,  111.,  where  he  finished  his 
legal  course;  he  catne  to  Pike  county  about  the  year  1839,  returned 
East  for  a  year,  and  then  came  back  to  Pittstield,  where  he  estab- 
lished the  Free  Press  in  1846,  and  from  which  pajier  he  retired  in 
1849;  he  also  practiced  law  some,  was  Justice  of  the   Peace  and 


3i)8 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    roiNTV. 


Mut^tiT  in  Chancery,  lie  whs  a  8tron«^  aiitislaverv  Wlii;^  and  a 
ItMupLTJiiife  iulvtioute,  aiul  in  tliu  Moriii.»n  war,  as  Mr.  (4 riiiisliaw 
gay.",  **  llu  earned  laurels  l)y  pilini;  up  lti<;  bweet  jiettatueb  lor  the 
troojjs  of  the  anti-Murnions."  Earnest  and  somewhat  ori<i;iiuil  in 
his  opinions,  very  independent  in  the  expression  of  his  thou:;ht6,  he 
M'HS  an  upright,  jovial  Mjan,  and  soinelhin;;  of  a  ^e?uus.  Finally, 
while  traveling  lor  a  lirni  in  St.  L>uis  on  conunercial  husiness,  lie 
was  attacked  with  varioloid  in  Memphis,  Tenn,,  where  he  died  in 
1855.  In  IMl  he  married  Phimelia  H.  Scott,  a  native  of  New 
York  State,  and  wln)  hii*.  since  married  Mr.  Purkitt,  and  still  re- 
side.>  in  I*itt^liel^l. 

Alj'ftul  Gntbh  was  first  Sherilf,  then  a  meml)er  t>f  the  Le^isla 
ture,  then  County  Jud;^',  and  then  admitt^-d  to  the  Har,  and  prac- 
ticed in   the  Courts,      lie   had   considerahle   lejjal    knowledge,  and 
was  wi'll  versed  in  the  rules  of  pnictice,  but  his  natural  al»ility  was 
Comparatively  deficient. 

Gun.  John  J.  //iiniin,  who  had  descended  from  a  stock  of 
soldiers  and  lawyers,  wiu  a  fine  attorney.  He  used  to  practice  con- 
eideraltly  at  the  Har  in  this  ci»unty.  and  often  slop  here  on  his  way 
to  Calh(»un  and  return.  For  a  period  he  wai  Stale's  Attorney  on 
this  ('ircuit.      II«,'  was  killinl  at  the  hatlle  of  Huena  Vjsta. 

Mdton  Haijy  formerly  «»f  the  firm  of  I  lay  A:  Haker,  now  ranks 
iii^lj  as  a  lawyer  at  Spr!'  i.  III.,  la-in:;  a  njemlajr  of  the  firm  of 

Hay,  (ireene  A:    Lilt'--  is  accumulated  a  fortune.      He   luts 

been  a  memb«>r  of  tl  '    •nstitutional  Convention  and   of  the 

State  I.,<'^islature. 

Mr.   Jl'iritt  prat'tu-ed  here  a  while,  and  went  to  Iowa. 

Ca<tt.  Jmejth  A'lfin,  of  Hurry,  was  admitted  to  the  Har,  but 
never  practiced  in  the  Circuit;  was  a  partner  i»f  J.  L.  L'nderwood 
tin  til  lSt)9.  He  had  conhidemble  ability.  He  was  once  a  steam- 
boat captain,  and  came  from  St.  Louis  to  this  county. 

Jitsl'ih  L'ltnhorn,  a  laim'  man,  t»nce  Attorney  (ieneral  of  the 
Stiite,  resideti  at  .Jacksonville,  and  afterward  at  Springfield.  He 
had  a  great  doil  of  talent,  but  was  a  corrupt  man. 

Abraham  Lincoln  practicetl  at  the  Pike  county  Bar  in  early 
days. 

Sumttt'l  1).  LorkiPood,  who  resided  at  .Jjicksonville,  was  a  very 
superior  mati  as  a  lawyer  and  as  a  gentleman.  He  was  once  Attorney 
General  of  the  State,  Judge  of  the  old  Fifth  Circuit,  and  was  the 
auth«»r  of  the  original  criminal  code  of  Illinois.  He  resigried  the 
office  on  account  of  ill  health,  and  went  up  to  or  near  Aurora, 
where  he  died  a  ^hort  time  a;jo.  He  was  also  <»ne  of  the  oriirinal 
trustees  of  the  Asylum  for  the  Hlin«l  at  Jacksonvilh-. 

Gen.  Jlaewfll,  of  Uushville,  has  ap|K'ared  l»efore  the  Har  in  this 
County.  His  favorite  song  wa'*,  "The  big  black  bull  went  roaring 
down  the  mea«low."  At  one  time  he  was  a  partner  of  Wm.  A. 
Minshall.  and  at  another  of  Wm.  A.  Richardson. 

Isipic  N.  Morris,  of  Quincy,  but  recently  deceased,  has  practiced 
law  in  Pike  county. 


HISTOliY    OF    I'lKK    COUNTV.  3\)9 

Murray  (9' CcmncZ^,  of  Jucksoiivillc,  practiced  here  considerably. 
He  was  a  rough-speaking  man,  but  of  great  wit.  During  Buchan- 
an's administration  he  was  5th  Auditor  of  the  Treasury.  lie  was 
mui-dered  at  the  a<i:e  of  seventy. 

Ji'hn  G.  Pettlngill,  School  Su])erinteiident  for  a  number  of 
years,  was  also  a  lawyer  in  this  county,  but  is  now  living  in  Mis- 
sou  i-i. 

iV.  E.  Quinhy,  another  Pike  county  lawyer,  is  now  deceased. 

James  II.  Ralston.,  formerly  of  Quincy,  used  to  practice  here 
and  was  for  a  time  Circuit  Judge.  He  was  finally  killed  and  de- 
voured by  wolves  in  California. 

Hon.  Wm.  A.  Richardson^  State's  Attorney  for  a  long  time,  used 
to  practice  here,  but  of  late  years  he  has  visited  the  county  more 
in  the  role  of  a  politician. 

John  Jay  Ross,  son  of  Capt.  Leonard  Ross,  was  a  lawyer  of  Pike 
county,  but  his  practice  was  mostly  confined  to  Atlas.  He  is  now 
dead. 

David  A.  Smith,  once  of  Jacksonville,  practiced  here  a  great 
deal.    He  was  a  ]mrtner  of  Gen.  Hardin  at  the  time  the  latter  died. 

Thomas  Stafford,  a  Barrj'  lawyer,  had  not  much  ability.  He 
soon  removed  from  Barry  to  j>arts  not  now  remembered. 

Mr.  Stm^r  practiced  at  Coles'  Grove  in  very  early  day  :  he  after- 
ward went  to  Cincinnati. 

John  T.  Stewart,  of  the  firm  of  Stewart,  Edwards  &  Brown, 
Springfield,  is  a  shrewd  lawyer  of  the  Scotch  kind.  He  was  the 
first  antagonist  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas  in  the  Congressional  race 
that  the  latter  made  in  1S3S,  and  was  beaten  by  eighty-odd  votes. 
The  noted  "  Ijlack  Prince"  turned  the  election.  This  district  then 
extended  to  Galena  and  Chicago. 

E.  G.  Tingle,  Barrj-,  whose  father  was  a  Judge  in  Maryland,  was 
a  well-read  lawyer,  but  he  did  not  stay  in  Barry  long. 

lion.  Lyman  Trumhull,  ex-U.  S.  Senator  and  now  practicing 
law  in  Chicago,  has  appeared  as  attorney  in  the  Pike  county  Court, 

Jani'^s  Ward  was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  in  this  county  was  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  and  Probate  Judge.  He  died,  leaving  a  family  at 
Griij^gsville  and  numerous  relatives. 

Calvin  A.  Warren,  of  Quincy,  but  now  dead,  has  visited  here 
some  as  a  lawyer,  and  was  State's  Attorney  for  a  time. 

Charles  Warren,  for  a  time  partner  of  Milton  Hay  in  Pittsfield, 
was  counsel  of  the  c<»mmission  appointed  to  ascertain  the  damages 
incurred  by  the  damming  of  Copperas  creek. 

Alpheus  Wheeler,  an  eccentric  preacher  and  lawyer,  came  from 
old  Virginia  to  Pike  county  at  the  close  of  the  Black  Hawk  war, 
residing  for  some  time  at  Highland.  In  183S  and  1840  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Illinois  where  he  made  his  peculiar 
speeches  and  encctuntered  the  wit  and  humor  of  another  remarkable 
man.  l)ut  of  a  more  elevated  type  of  manhood  and  education, 
namely,  Usher  F.  Linder,  who  died  recently  at  Chicago.  On  one 
occasion  Mr.  Wheeler  addressed  the  Chair,  saying,  "Mr.  Speaker,  I 


400  nisTOuv  UK  I'iKi:  (  ointy. 

liHve  ft-ro6C — **  *•  l>i>cs  tlio  i^eiitk'inuTi  koiji  atiowor  ijarden?"  iiitt-r- 
ni|>ttMl  the  Sj»('aktr.  Mr.  W.  juactii't'*!  law  in  I'lttt^tii'ld  and  «»1). 
taiiied  ivmsitU'raMo  l»Uhim'ss.  lIi-  took  ^^n-at  pridt^  in  his  oratorical 
t'llorts  and  iiiadr  some  lofty  tliglits  in  sju'I'i'Im'o  t<t  tlic  jury.  On  oiio 
occn6i(»n  wlun  D.  M.  Woodson,  State's  Attorney,  sultniitted  a  eune 
witliiMit  argument  for  the  |)nrj)oge  of  preventini;  Wheeh'r  from 
sjieakin:,',  the  hitter  replieti:  "  (ientk'iiu'n.  I  admire  the  State's  At- 
torney; he  has  shown  the  most  snhlime  i'hi(jnfnee,  as  t"ri>m  sc»me 
men  it  com>istg  in  mo^t  profunnd  silence."  lie  used  to  sa}'  of 
W<>od8«»n,"  His  ehM|ueneo  is  like  tlie  tall  thunder  amon«rst  the  hdty 
oaks,  comin;;  down  for  to  split  thitii^s."  This  remark  at  one  time 
exeiti'd  some  i*ne  who  had  a  ready  ham!  at  a  rouj;h  pencil  sketch  to 
draw  a  picture  (da  man's  heat!  with  a  hi<^  nose  elevated  in  a  tree- 
top,  U|M)n  the  west  wall  id'  the  e«>urt-room  at  l*ittstield,  and  it  re- 
mained there  for  many  years,  until  the  house  was  whitened  up  on 
the  inside.  That  lti;r  no.>.e  was  a  caricature  of  Wheeler's.  In  ac4ise 
for  killing  a  cow,  when  <  >.  II.  Hr<iwnini;  made  s«»me  j>oint6  tor  the 
ilefendant,  .Mr.  Wheeler  replied:  "The  |>entleman  tells  you.  •gentle- 
men of  the  iurv,  that  the  plaintiff,  mv  client,  cannot  recover  in  this 
sjiit  hecanse  the  cow  warn't  n<»  cow  Im-chum*  she  nevi-r  had  a  calf, 
hut  that  she  war  a  heifer,  (tenllemen,  that  are  n«»t  the  iioti«ni  of  a 
Bouml  and  legal  lawyer  but  the  n«»tion  of  a  musharoon."  This  al- 
mt>st  convulsed  the  court-houso  with  laughter.  Another  (d»jection 
of  Hrowning's  in  this  case  was  thus  replied  to  hy  Mr.  Wheeler: 
"  (ii'ntletiH'n  of  the  jury.  Mr.  I'rowning  hays  that  our  c<>w  warn't 
Worth  a  cent.  Now,  g»?ntlenien.  where  were  there  over  a  cow  that 
warn't  worth  acent?  That  c<iw  were  worth  something  for  her  meat, 
if  she  warn't  wi»rth  nothiii''  for  a  milk  cow.  She  war  worth  some- 
thing  for  her  hi»rns;  she  war  worth  something  for  her  hide,  if  nut 
for  lier  meat  or  milk;  and  gentlemen,  she  war  worth  something  be- 
cause the  tail  goes  with  the  liide,"  The  cause  of  Browning's  j>oint 
was,  that  Wheeler  ha»I  failed  to  prove  by  witnesses  the  worth  of  tlie 
cow. 

A  suit  hrougiit  by  AVhceler  for  one  IIar)Mde  against  his  brother 
was  for  damage  done  to  hogs  by  cutting  tlie  toenails  off  the  hogs 
So  as  to  prevent  them  from  climliing.  Wheeler,  in  describing  the 
injury  done  to  the  hogs,  insisted  that  the  hogs  luul  a  right  to  toe- 
nails and  a  right  to  climb,  and  that,  although  they  had  done  dam- 
age, yet  it  was  laid  down.  '*  root  hog  or  die.'' 

One  Zumwalt  was  indicted  for  destroying  a  mill-dam  of  Dr. 
Ilczekiah  Dodge's.  Wheeler  in  tliis  ca.se  aspailed  the  (diaractcr  of 
Dr.  Dodi;(.',  who  was  a  respectable  man  and  whom  the  jury  did  l)e- 
lieve.  Zumwalt  wa^  convicted  U|>on  evidence  that  he  had  said 
at  his  son-in-law's,  on  the  night  of  the  destruction  of  the  dam  of 
Dotli^'e's,  ".Iu>t  now  the  musr<i(s  are  workinir  on  old  Dodjre's  dam." 
Wheehr  said  of  D.»dge  on  the  trial,  "  Dr.  Dodge  are  a  njan  so  de- 
void of  truth  that  when  he  speaks  tlie  truth  he  are  griped." 

During  another  of  the  l.»fty  tlights  of  our  hero,  a  wag,  John  J. 
Ross,  a  lawyer  and  a  man  who  made  and  enjoyed  a  joke.  Uughed 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  401 

80  at  one  of  Mr.  Wheeler's  speeches  that  he  becatne  excited,  and, 
turning  upon  Ross  in  a  very  contemptuous  way,  with  a  majestic 
sweep  oHiis  lon<^  arm  briuiglit  down  at  Ross,  said:  •'  I  wish  i  had 
a  tater:  I'd  throw  it  down  your  throat."  Wheeler  did  not  close  his 
speech  that  evening,  and  the  next  morning  early,  when  he  was 
again  addressing  the  jur}'  and  Ross  at  the  Bar  table,  by  some  hand 
several  large  potatoes  were  put  down  in  sight  of  Wheeler's  eye. 
lie  fired  up  and  let  out  a  torrent  of  invective  upon  Ross,  every  one, 
Judge  and  all,  in  a  loud  roar  of  laugliter. 

In  u  tine  frenzy  at  one  time,  Mr.W,  parodied  Shakspeare  thus: 

"  Who  steals  my  purse  steals  trash ; 
Robs  me  of  that  which  not  enriches  him  but  makes  me  poor, — 

all  to  injure  my  client." 

Wheeler  went  to  Bates  county.  Mo.,  since  which  time  he  has 
been  lost  sight  of  l)y  people  of  this  county.  It  is  reported  that  he 
is  not  now   living. 

James  W.  IF/^/^/i^y  was  denominated  "  Lord  Coke  "  on  account 
of  his  knowledge  of  law.  For  a  sketch  of  him  see  chapter  on  the 
early  settlemetit  of  this  county. 

Archih.ild  Willl'rms,  formerly  of  Quincy  but  later  of  Kansas  and 
U.  S.  Circuit  Judge,  has  been  an  eminent  practitioner  at  the  Bar 
of  Pike. 

Jo/m  H.  Williams,^  now  of  Quincy  and  a  Circuit  Judge,  is  a  son 
of  Archibald  AVilliams,  a  man  of  good  sense,  and  has  been  an  able 
pleader  at  the  Bar  of  Pike  county.  He  is  one  of  three  Judges  of 
this  Circuit,  but  seldom  holds  Court  in  Pike  county. 

David  M.  Woodson  was  a  State's  Attorney  of  the  old  1st  District, 
which  then  included  Pike  county;  afterward  was  Circuit  Judge 
for  IS  years,  then  was  member  of  the  Legislature.  His  partner  in 
the  law  was  Charles  D.  Hodges,  late  Circuit  Judge  of  Greene 
county. 

Gov.  Richard  Yates  delivered  his  "  maiden"  speech  as  an  at- 
torney here  in  Pittsfield. 

THE  PRESENT  BAR. 

We  have  endeavored  to  mention  the  names  and  give  what  facts 
we  could  learn  of  every  attorney  who  has  ever  practiced  in  the 
courts  of  Pike  count}'.  We  will  now  speak  of  those  who  compose 
the  Bar  at  present.  No  name  will  intentionally  be  omitted.  The 
list  we  give  was  furnished  by  some  of  the  leading  attorneys  of  the 
county,  and  we  believe  fnll  and  complete. 

Hon.  W;n.  i?.  ^rcA^^Ms  a  native  of  New  York  city,  where  lie 
read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  183S,  and  shortly  after- 
ward moved  to  this  county,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided,  ever 
active  to  forward  any  movement  for  the  progress  and  prosperity  of 
the  county. 


402 


IIISTHRY    OV    PIKK    fOUNIT. 


ft.  .)/.  Atk'inmn  was  u'linitteil  to  the  H:ir  in  I8«>S;  \va»  electe<l 
County  .lutl^o  in  1S6.5  an<l  served  two  terms. 

Quitindu.  /ir'>wn  is  i'ni;:ii;(>«l  in  the  pruetioe  of  liiw  at  Milton. 

A.  G.  i'rairfoi'il. —  Mr.  ('rawforcl  is  a  native  son  of  Pike;  stuiiied 
law  at  Pittstield,  and  ifraduiUed  from  the  Cluca;^o  hiw  school.  lie 
received  his  non  pnd'esgional  e<hieation  in  the  schools  of  this 
county  and  at  P.hieklmrn  rniversity  at  Carlinville. 

Jos<j>/{  L.  Dobbin. — This  t^entleman,  who  re.'^idcs  at  Pittsfiekl, 
has  het'ti  tjnininsj  a  tV»ot-hoJd  in  this  countv  as  an  attornev  of  hi'^h 
rank. 

Kihriinl  J)(>ucj,  Ciri;r;:>ville,  is  a  ji^radinite  ot  illin»ii8  Colle;4e  at 
.laeksoiivilie,  ami  was  admitted  lt>  the  liar  in  lf>74.  Lie  was  horn 
in  (fri;;«^bville  in  ISal,  and  ]U)  a  lawy<'r  lie  now  has  a  succtssful 
practice. 

iHiinrJ.  />y<rr,  Time,  was  reared  in  JaekrM»n\  ille;  had  hut  limited 
literary  »'<lucatioii;  rceeiveil  his  professional  education  at  the  hiw 
schoid  of  Washington  I'niversity  at  St.  1a»uis,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Har  in  1873.  lie  served  in  the  late  war  and  was  disahled  for 
life  by  woiunis  in  the  lefl  arm. 

Jame/i  F.  (irfithmme,  f>f  Pitt^tield,  is  a  .son  of  one  of  the  early 
pioneers  of  Pike  ct»uiity.  lie  was  reared  in  Montezuma  township 
and  has  thus  far  continued  to  rt^side  in  the  county.  He  served  \\\& 
countrv  durinj;  the  trvin;f  davs  <»f  tlie  Uelxdlion. 

l)th>»  (r'rvjsby,  son  wf  .Tud^-  (trigshy,  iuie  recently  hcen  admitted 
to  the  Par. 

Hon.  Wut.  A.  Grintsfiaw,  the  <ddest  practicing  attc»rney  of  the 
county,  ranks  as  one  of  the  leading  lawyers  of  the  Slate;  was  ad- 
mitteil  to  the  Par  in  Philadelphia  at  the  age  of  19;  in  ls33  he  aim e 
to  Pike  county,  since  which  time  he  luis  l»een  actively  identified 
with  almost  every  puhlic  interest  of  the  county. 

Samuel  V.  Ilayden  is  engaged  in  the  practice  (d'  law  at  Milton. 

Ilarnj  Ili^jbce,  Si»n  of  Judge  llighee,  an<l  partner  of  Messrs. 
Wike  iV  Matthews,  attended  Culumhia  l^iw  School,  New  York 
ritv.  Hiid  tlio  (^hicago  Liiw  Scho..!.  .nnd  wns  udniittrd    ti>  the  Par  in 

Geo.   W.  Jlinman  is  engageti  in  the  practice  of  law  at  Perry. 

JatntH  S.  Inriii  was  a  college  class-mate  of  the  noted  J<din  C. 
Preekinridge,  who  was  once  Vice  President  <d  the  United  States  and 
afterward  a  leader  in  the  Southern  Confederacy.  Mr.  Irwin  is  one 
of  the  leading  lawyers  of  the  State. 

//t ///'//  C.  Johnston^  of  Pittstield.  Mr.  Johnston  has  resided  in 
Pitt.-titld  for  some  time,  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law. 

J.  W.  Johnsin  was  admilie<l  to  t!ie  Par  in  1869,  came  to  Pike 
county  the  following  year,  taught  scho«jl  for  two  years  and  then 
li»cated  at  Pittstield.  He  is  at  the  present  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  in  company  with  J.  S.  Irwin. 

W.  I.  KUin,  who  graduated  at  Ann  Ail>)r.  is  practicing 
law  at  Parry  at  the  present  time. 

A.  C.  Lang  is  also  practicing  at  Barry. 


HISTORY    OF   PIKE   COUNTY.  403 

Hon.  A.  C.  Matthews  is  a  native  of  this  count}',  liis  father  being 
one  of  the  sturdy  pioneers.  lie  served  in  the  late  war  witli  dis- 
tinction as  Colonel  of  the  99th,  and  subsequently  was  Collector  of 
Internal  Hevenue  for  several  years  in  the  9th  District,  then  Super- 
visor of  Internal  Revenue. 

Jefferson  Orr.  J\[r.  Orr  is  at  present  the  State's  Attorney.  As 
a  lawyer  and  as  a  man  of  integrity  and  ability  he  ranks  high. 

Peter  T.  Staats,  Griggsville.  While  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law  Mr.  Staats  also  teaches  school  occasionally. 

J.  Z, .  Underwood,  oi' Jiixrry^  WAS  horn  in  New  York  city  May 
10,  1826,  the  son  of  Robert  L.  and  Martha  Underwood;  emigrated 
first  to  Adams  county,  and  in  1837  to  Pike  county,  settling  at 
Eldara;  read  law  here  and  was  admitted  to  the  ]>ar  in  1865,  but 
had  been  practicinsr  law  four  years  before  that  time.  Although 
living  at  Eldara  his  office  for  many  3'ears  was  at  13arry,  to  which 
place  he  has  more  recently  moved. 

II 071.  Scott  Wike  studied  law  at  Harvard  University,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1858:  the  following  vear  he  located  at 
Pittslield  and  began  the  practice  of  his  chosen  profession.  He  is 
one  of  the  leading  lawyers  of  the  Circuit. 

Thos.  Worthington,  jr.,  son  of  Dr.  Thos.  Worthington,  was  born 
in  Tennessee  while  his  mother  was  there  on  a  visit  during  the 
holidays.  But  he  is,  strictly  speaking,  mi  lUinoisan.  lie  read  law 
with  Judge  Atkinson  and  in  the  law  school  at  Chicago,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1877.  lie  is  now  in  the  office  with  Judge 
Atkinson  at  Pittsfield.  '^-^'> 

Ed.  Yates,  a  partner  of  Jeff  Orr,  the  State's  Attorney,  at  Pitts- 
field,  ranks  among  the  leading  attorneys  at  this  Bar,  and  unrivaled 
in  his  ability  to  relate  anecdotes. 


:^ 


IiI!i!J-;:'C'^::T^ 


TOWNSlIir   IlISTOKIKS. 


CH.VMUEIISIUMUJ  TOWNSHIIV 

This  township  lioi*  in  the  extretno  ijorthoastern  part  of  tlio 
county.  It  is  houmltil  upon  the  north  by  VtTi^Jiilh's  tp.,  Hrown 
CO.,  on  the  \ve«t  l)y  IVrry  tp.,  on  the  south  hy  Flint.  un<l  on  the  east 
by  the  lUinoii*  river.  Ah»n<j  the  river  iii  niueh  l)ott<Mn  hin»l,  whole 
Bections  of  which  are  entirely  uselet^s  for  it^ricultunil  purposes. 
Both  the  north  ami  soutli  forks  of  MeGeo's  creek  tnivcrhC  this  town- 
ship: tliey  join  on  section  27,  iin«l  empty  into  the  Illinois  river 
al>out  a  mile  al)ove  Niipli's,  which  is  on  the  opjHisile  shore,  in  Scott 
county. 

The  first  pioneers  who  came  to  this  township  were  James  Wells, 
Siimuel  Atehijion,  a  Mr.  lirewster  siud  a  Mr.  Van  Woy.  They 
Clime  in  l&'iii.  The  tirst  named  loeate«l  on  seeti<»n  20,  and  Mr. 
Atchison  erected  his  cabin  on  section  17.  The  first  sermon 
preaclied  in  the  t«>wnship  was  at  the  ho)isc  of  liachel  lirown,  in 
1>^27,  by  Itev.  John  Me«lfonl,  a  Methodist  i>reachcr.  The  first 
chureli  edifiee  wjuh  erected  on  section  31.  Tlu'  first  school  was 
taught  in  ls:U)  in  an  old  lo;;  house  which  stood  Jicar  where  Joseph 
lirtiwn  lives,  by  John  Lyster.  The  first  Sunday-school  in  the  town- 
ship was  or;.janize<l  by  the  Methodists  in  the  town  of  Chambersbur^. 
The  first  weildiiii;  in  the  town.-hip  was  in  1n2»»,  the  contracting 
parties  bein;;  Janu*s  Metiforil  ami  Kliza  lirown.  The  wedding 
occurretl  at  the  residence  of  the  bride's  mother,  and  the  ceremony 
was  |)erfi»rmed  by  Ks(iuire  Wells.  The  first  jKjrson  overtaken  by 
death  in  the  t<»wnshij)  was  Michael  Brown,  who  died  in  ls2C. 
lie  came  to  the  t«^»wnship  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year. 

Joseph  Brown  is  the  oldest  pioneer  living  in  the  townshij). 
James  Pool  is  the  next  oldest.  Iiarvtv  Dunn  was  an  early  settler 
here.  He  was  a  mcml)er  of  the  convention  which  framed  the  Con- 
stitution of  1S47.  He  was  an  uujissuminjj,  intelligent  and  honest 
man,  and  died  many  years  aj^o. 

The  privations  of  the  pioneer  families  in  this  township  were  in 
some  r>  -   very  ^reat,  cut  off  as  they   were  from    almost    all 

social,  n  .i-...iis. educiitional  and  commercial  advant;i«^.'s.  Of  cfMirse 
tiiey  enjoyed  these  in  a  limited  degree.  The  first  settlers  were  people 
who  valued  greatly  such  privileges,  and  though  they  were  for  many 


^ 


c_x^^^<^/^^^      ~y^/t^<^<^e>^^^i 


'a^^ 


PERRY 


II 


UISTOKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  407 

years  without  school-liouses  and  churches,  easily  found  the  facilities 
for  enjoviiii^  themselves,  both  socially  and  reliiijiously .  The  great- 
est privations  arose  from  the  want  of  the  moans  of  communication 
with  the  outside  world.  The  absence  of  railroads,  or  oven  good 
wagon  roads,  rendered  the  locality  almost  inaccessible  to  postal  and 
commercial  facilities,  and  traveling  for  other  than  business  pur- 
poses was  out  of  the  question.  Most  of  the  original  ])ioneers  are 
represented  here  by  descendants,  but  they,  with  few  exce})tions, 
have  passed  to  a  country  that  is  always  new,  where,  however,  the 
trials  of  pioneer  life  are  unknown. 

The  tirst  settlers  were  all  farmers,  after  a  fashion  now  unknown. 
They  raised  a  little  corn  and  a  few  vegetables,  and,  like  their  red 
neighbors,  depended  largel}' u])on  their  rifle  for  subsistence.  Their 
houses  were  but  little  superior  to  those  of  the  Indians,  being 
merely  little  cabins  erected  only  with  the  help  of  the  ax  and  per- 
haps an  auger.  No  locks,  nails  or  any  other  article  of  iron  entered 
into  their  construction,  but  such  devices  as  could  be  wrought  out 
on  the  ground  by  the  use  of  the  tools  named  and  of  such  materials  as 
the  locality  afforded.  The  only  boards  used  for  any  purpose  were 
such  as  could  be  hewed  out  of  logs. 

CHAMBEESBURG. 

The  town  of  Chambersburg  is  located  on  the  north  fork  of  Mc 
Gee's  creek,  on  section  8.  It  was  surveyed  and  laid  out  May  7, 
1833,  by  Seabourn  Gilmore  and  B.  B.  Metz.  Mcintosh  and 
Givens  were  the  first  settlers  of  the  town.  They  owned  a  distillery 
and  store  here  before  the  town  was  laid  out.  There  are  several 
good  stores,  churches,  a  school-house,  shops,  etc.,  in  the  town;  and 
for  an  inland  village  it  transacts  a  very  good  trade, 

PERSONAL  SKETCHES, 

James  Barry  is  a  native  of  Morgan  county,  O,,  and  was  born  in 
1834;  he  is  a  son  of  Wilson  and  Rosanna  Barry,  the  former  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania  and  the  latter  of  Vermont;  he  was  brought  to  this 
county  at  the  age  of  nin^j  years;  Feb.  1,  1855,  he  married  Eleanor 
E.  Kurfniijin,  who  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1S38.  Everything 
was  in  its  native  wiUlness  when  Mr.  B.  came  to  this  county,  and  as 
his  father  soon  died,  he  began  life  for  himself  at  an  early  age,  work- 
ing for  $13  a  month;  he  had  many  obstacles  to  overcome,  but  his 
enterprising,  persevering  disposition  overcame  all  of  them.  lie 
prospered  for  a  time  here  and  removed  to  Rockport,  with  the 
intention  of  going  to  Missouri  the  following  spring,  but  the  out- 
break of  the  war  prevented  him.  He  bought  land  again  in  this 
county,  mot  with  disasters,  but  has  again  established  himself,  now 
owning  190  acres  of  land.  Mr.  B.  is  a  member  of  the  U.  Baj)ti8t 
Church.     P.  O.,  Chambersburg. 

Joah  Brooks  ;  P.  O.,  Chambersburg.  Mr  B.  was  born  in  Pike 
county  in  1832,  and  is  a  son  of  A.  II.  and  Lucy  Br(joks,  natives  of 
Tennessee.     In  1863  he  married  the  widow  Brooks,  whose  maiden 

25 


408 


nrPTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


name  was  Elizalteth  IIiudc.  She  wat^  l>oni  in  1833.  Six  children 
have  blessed  this  union.  Mr.  li.  is  on<;a<;ed  in  farniini;  (»n  see.  9, 
but  tbrnifrlv  t'oljitwed  lilarksniithini;.      iMeniliers  of  M.  K.  Cliiirc}j. 

Josepli  Bi'ncii,  farnu'r,  sec.  17;  1*.  O.,  Chainber.sbur«^;  isa  native 
of  the  CJreen  Mountain  State,  where  he  was  born  in  ISKl;  his 
father,  Michael  Brown,  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  wiio  came  to  this 
country  when  IS  years  of  ai^e:  his  mother,  the  d.ini^hter  of  Joseph 
Greir,  was  born  near  I'liiladelphia,  I'a.  Mr.  15.  came  with  his 
parents  t  »  Illinois  in  1820  and  located  near  Shawneetowii,  111.,  and 
in  the  fall  of  1824  was  brou«j;ht  to  this  county,  and  luis  lived  on  tlio 
same  farm  since  tin*  sprinj^  of  lS2o,  and  has  been  en«fa<;ed  in  farm- 
inir  and  ninninir  llat  and  steam-b»>ats  »»n  the  river.  In  lsr)S  ho 
married  Mrs.  Catharinr  .lo!if.->,  a  native  (»f  Coshocton  C-o.,  i).  Three 
ehii«lren  have  been  born  to  Uieni,  two  of  whom  are  dead.  Mr. 
lirown  is  an  old  pioneer,  comin«j  here  when  the  wolves  were  thick 
as  sijuirn-Is  ami  couhl  be  heard  in  all  directions,  and  turkey  an<i 
deer  st-en  in  lar;^e  numlKTs,  He  is  the  oldest  j»ioneer  now  living 
in  the  township.      His  wife  is  a  meinlKT  of  the  Methttdist  Churdi. 

Nnn<'y  JifU'r^UDS,  widow  (d"  the  late  Kobert(i.  Iiurr<»ws,  wjis 
born  in  Kast  Tenn.  Dec.  18.  I*^2.'»,  and  is  a  <l»n^diter  <d' William 
Ueviney,  deceased.  She  was  married  to  Mr.  I'urrows  , I  line  5, 
1S50.  They  had  8  children,  of  wh«)m  3  are  livin;;, —  Ada  K.,  wife 
of  David  M.  iieynolds,(»f  Pike  county;  Klla  F.  an«i  Launi  A.  Mrs. 
IJ's  brother,  (!apt.  I*.-  Deviney,  wh<»  spent  most  of  his  life  (»n  the 
Waiters,  now  resides  in  St.  Louis,  where  she  also  has  a  si^ter  resid- 
ini^,  and  one  sister  iii  California,  whom  she  has  n<)t  seen  for  21) 
years.  Mr.  liurrowg,  her  husband,  was  born  in  New  York  city, 
May  2,  1H11»;  by  prot'ession  he  was  a  civil  en;jineer,  but  desirinj;  a 
more  active  life  he  went  upon  the  waters;  he  was  mate  of  the  (.'al- 
houn  on  the  Illinois  river  fn»m  the  time  she  was  launched  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  Jan.  13,  1879.  Ho  was  a  man  of  culture 
and  education,  widely  known  and  hi«;hly  resj>ected,  and  a  W(»rthy 
member  of  the  M.  K.  Churcli. 

Jamt'jt  W.  Cittuoicetit  was  born  in  1S47  in  l*ike  county,  and  is  a 
son  of  Win.  and  Sarah  Chenoweth;  he  Hrst  married  Mary  Ervin<f 
in  1S74.  One  child  waa  lx»rn  to  ihern.  Mrs  C.  died  the  same  year, 
and  ill  1*^78  Mr.  (•.  marrieij  Miss  Ma;;j;i«'  Krving,  who  was  borrj  in 
1>.">7.  Mr,  C.  c<immenced  buying  and  sliippin^  stock  ei<^ht  years 
a>^o,  aJid  in  this  business  has  succee<led  very  well. 

Miles  B,  Chenciceth\  V.  O,  Chamberslmrp;  was  lK»rn  in  1827  in 
Barth«)lomew  Co.,  Ind.  His  parents.  Abraham  and  R-Jchel  Cheno- 
weth, were  lK)th  natives  of  Kentucky;  they  moved  to  (Clinton  Co., 
Ind.,  in  the  tall  of  1S32,  and  in  1S3*»  to  Pike  county,  III.,  where  our 
subject  ijrew  to  manhood  ami  embarke<l  in  farminir;  in  1848  he  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Anna  K.  Allen,  a  native  of  Ma<lison  Co., 
X.  Y..  Itorn  April  7.  1830,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  4  children. 
Tney  have  been  members  of  the  Christian  Church  for  'i't  year.-,  and 
in  all  public  enterprises  Mr.  C  is  very  liberal. 

Jl.  D.  Cooper  was  l>orn  in  1^12  in  Sumner  Co.,  Tenn.,  and  was 
the  son  of  George  and  Elizibetli  Cooper,  the  former  of  N.  C,  and 


HISTOKY    OK    riKli    COUNTY.  409 

his  motlier  of  Teiiii.  With  his  parents  our  subject  moved  to  Ky,, 
and  in  1S2!.>  came  to  Illinois,  and  worked  at  the  carpenter's  trade  in 
Pittslield.  In  1843  he  married  Miss  Veturia  Ilobbs,  who  was  born 
in  Ky.,  in  1818.  Mr.  C.  ^followed  farming  up  to  1857,  and  tlien 
embarked  in  the  grocerv  business:  lie  went  West,  and  in  1860  came 
back  to  Illinois,  and  again  engaged  in  the  grocery  business  until 
1805,  then  embarked  in  the  milling  business,  which  he  concinued 
two  years;  farmed  for  a  year;  engaged  in  the  milling  business  in 
Versailles,  111.,  for  about  a  year  and  a  half;  returned  to  the  farm, 
where  he  lived  for  7  years;  tlien  sold  out  and  bought  the  Chambers- 
burg  Mills,  which  he  has  been  running  since.  In  connection  with 
the  tlouring-mill,  which  he  has  put  in  excellent  repair,  he  has  a 
saw-mill. 

J.  H.  Dennis^  Chambersburg,  is  one  of  the  leading  citizens  of 
the  township,  indeed  of  the  county.  Mr.  D.  has  served  nu\ny  terms 
as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  and  as  Chairman  of  that 
body. 

Thomas  /)o?'ma;i,  farmer,  sec.  4;  P.  O.  Chambersburg.  Mr.  D. 
is  a  son  of  Lewis  and  Eliza  J.  Uorman;  born  in  1851  in  Brown  Co., 
111.;  his  father  is  a  native  of  Ohio  and  his  mother  a  native  ot  Brown 
Co..  111.,  where  Thttmas  was  i-aised  until  the-^ige  of  15;  he  then  en- 
gaged in  engineering,  and  for  3  years  followed  blacksmithing,  at 
Hersman  Station,  then  went  to  Jaques'  Mills,  where  he  worked  two 
years.  He  was  married  to  Miss  x\merica  Berry  in  1872;  she  was 
born  in  Ohio  in  1850.  Of  the  3  children  born  to  them  one  is  dead. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  D.  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church. 

George  U.  Dunn  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  Feb.  28,  1838. 
His  parents,  Il^rvey  and  Angeline  Dunn,  were  born  in  N.  Y.  and 
Mass.,  respectively.  Mr.  D.  was  brought  to  this  county  by  his 
arents  in  1839,  and  up  to  the  year  1850  lived  in  the  town  of  Cham- 
)ersburg,  and  then  moved  on  a  farm  on  sec.  5,  where  he  lived  until , 
the  death  of  his  father  in  Dec,  1869.  He  shortly  afterward  returned 
to  Chambersljurg  and  has  since  lived  in  retired  life.  In  A])ril,  1864, 
he  married  Miss  Susan  M.  Dennis.  Mr.  D.  is  a  brother  of  Dr. 
Dunn,  of  Perry.  lie  is  a  member  of  the  Blue  Lodge,  also  the 
Chapter  of  Knight  Templars  of  the  Masonic  fraternity. 

Thomas  Grayham^  farmer  sec.  17;  P.  O.  Chambersburg.  Mr.  G. 
was  born  in  1833  in  Kentucky;  at  the  age  of  22  he  came  to  this 
county  and  followed  carpentering  and  boat-building.  His  parents 
were  John  and  Susan  Grayham.  Our  subject  was  married  to  Miss 
Siretta  J.  Rushing,  who  was  born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.  To  them 
have  been  born  10  children,  6  of  whom  are  living.  ]\Ir.  G.  has 
been  very  successful  as  a  farmer.  Mrs.  G.  is  a  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church. 

Joel  Ham^  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  O.  Chambersburg.  In  Rutherford 
Co.,  Tenn.,  \\\  1829,  there  was  born  to  Jsimes  and  Mary  Ham  the 
subject  of  this  sketch;  they  moved  to  this  county  when  their  son 
was  one  year  old;  here  he  grew  to  manhood,  and  May  9,  1850,  was 
married  to  IMiss  Sarah  A.  Wells,  who  was  born  in  this  townshij) 


i:. 


410  llISToRV    OK    PIKK    COUNTT. 

April  29,  1^;V;.  Jiviiic-  A.,  ()i-uii,  Sai-iili  11.,  Dennett  I),  and 
Charlt's  an?  the  naiue>  of  the  cliildren  horn  to  them.  Mrs.  II.  died, 
and  Se|»t.  s,  1S.">1),  Mr.  II.  married  Miss  Alalvina  Lee,  wlio  was  horn 
May  24,  IS'M'i,  at  Orleaijs,  Ind.  Ten  ehildreii  have  heen  horn  to 
thiin,  —  Benj.  F.,  Anixetiettia,  Lucretia,  I  )avid  L.,  Enoch,  Walter  S., 
ll;irvey,  Anna  K.,  Dullie  I*.,  Frederick  A.  The  lollowin:;  of  his 
former  chi  Mr  en  are  dead:  tiames  A.,  Orson  and  Cliarlie;  and  of 
tho  hitter,  Benjamin,  Lueretia  and  Dtdlie.  Mr.  II.  he«ran  life  very 
])oor,  hnt  now  ywns  400  aere.-^  of  hind.  lie  well  rememlters  ahont 
the  early  settlers  ponntlin^  corn  with  an  iron  wed^e  in  the  top  of  a 
stump  hnrned  out  fc-r  the  purpose,  and  when  it  tot»k  two  days  for 
his  father  to  go  U»  mill  with  the  ^rist  in  a  sack  thrown  over  the 
horse's  hack.  All  tho  snijar  they  used  was  from  the  maple  trees 
standiiii;  in  the  forest.  Mrs.  II.  is  a  memlKr  of  the  ('hristian 
Church. 

JrtAii  II.  II till,  farmer,  sec.  20  ;  P.  O.  Chamhersbur^  ;  is  the  son 
of  Lewis  and  Julia  A.  II  im,  and  was  horn  itj  this  cownty  in  1S55  ; 
his  mother  died  in  l)eceml)er.  1S7S.  In  1S74  Mr.  II.  took  unto 
himself  a  wife  in  the  person  of  Miss  Alice  (^miner  :  she  was  horn 
in  Pike  county  in  1S54  :  only  one  of  tho  two  children  born  to  them 
is  living.     Mrs.  II.  ig  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Jam6»  L.  ILim,  one  of  tho  lar;^est  farmers  in  this  county,  was 
horn  June  lo,  ISi2,  iu  this  liiwn>hip  ;  his  parents  came  here  in 
Is.'.o  fnim  Uutherford  county,  Tenn.;  their  names  were  James  and 
Mary  (I{r«)iles)  Ham,  one  a  native  of  S.  C.  and  the  otiier  of  Tenn., 
and  of  (lerman  descent, — h.ith  very  old  families  in  those  States, 
and  took  part  in  the  Revolu'iomiry  war,  their  great-grandfather. 
Gen.  Williams,  serving  under  Washington.  James  Ham,  the 
father  of  our  subject,  during  his  life-time  wjis  a  very  large  and 
successful  farmer,  owning  ami  working  1,500  acres  of  land  in  this 
town^hi|)  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which  «>ccurred  in  ISCS.  He 
began  life  in  1830  with  a  team  and  3.>  centB.  lie  raised  a  large 
family  of  eight  children,  seven  of  whom  lived  to  be  grown, — four 
now  living  in  this  county  and  <»ne  in  Stark  county.  James  L.  was 
married  Sent.  25,  1.S53,  to  Julia  A.  Wells.  <laughter  of  James 
Wells,  the  oldest  settler  in  this  township.  He  had  a  famil}'  of  four 
children, — John  U.,  who  is  married  and  lives  on  sec.  20,  Henry  A., 
Marshall  A.  and  Ueuben  L.  Mr.  Ham  lias  served  the  township  for 
several  years  as  Supervisor,  and  was(/hairman  of  that  body  :  he  is 
now  actiii:.'  as  Justice  of  the  Peace.  Ue  has  been  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Ciiurch  for  many  years.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Masonic  and  Odd  Fellows  fraternities,  and  lias  been  prominently 
Connected  with  the  Pike  County  Agricultural  Society,  being  Pres- 
ident, Vice-President  or  Director  for  the  last  fifteen  years,  and  is 
now  Vice-Presitlent. 

Willinn  ILiwk,  farmer,  sec.  4  ;  P.  O.  Chambersburg ;  was  born 
Aug.  3,  ls42,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Rachel  Hawk.  He  came 
with  his  parents  to  limwn  county.  111.,  when  nine  years  of  age,  and 
in  1S54  located  in  Pike  county.     Mr.  U.  served  three  years  in  Co. 


HI6T0KY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY,  411 

G,  09tli  111.  Vol.  Inf.;  WHS  in  the  siege  of  Vicks-lMii-ir,  then  trans- 
ferred to  the  Army  of  the  Gulf;  was  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Bhikely, 
then  returned  to  New  Orleans,  then  to  Me!n]>his,  then  to  Mohile, — 
was  tliere  when  that  place  was  captured,  then  to  Shreveport  and 
Baton  Ttonee.     Tie  returned  home  and  engaged  in  farming. 

ILnry  llendr'icl^s^  farmer,  see.  IG  ;  P.  O.  Chambersbur^.  Mr. 
H.  is  a  son  of  Tiiomas  and  Elizabeth  Hendricks,  the  former  a  native 
of  Kentucky  and  tlie  latter  of  Vermont.  They  were  married  in 
Jennings  county,  ()..  where  in  183(5  the  subjeet  of  this  sketch  wms 
born  ;  in  lS-i9  ]\Ir.  II.  came  with  his  parents  to  Brown  county.  111., 
where  he  livctl  until  he  became  of  age  and  married  Miss  Klmina 
Hume,  who  was  born  in  1837.  To  them  have  been  born  seven 
children.  Mr.  II.  luis  held  some  township  offices  ever  since  lie 
came  to  this  county  in  1861.  Mrs.  U.  is  a  member  of  tiie  Christian 
Church. 

D.  J.  Ilolhs,  of  tlie  tirm  ot  Smith  »&  Ilobbs,  was  born  in  1848 
in  Pike  county.  111.,  and  is  the  son  of  Ilenson  and  Jane  Hobbs  ; 
hie  father  was  born  in  Kentucky  and  his  mother  in  tliis  countv  ; 
in  1857  he  moved  with  liis  parents  to  Missouri,  and  returned  to 
Pike  county  in  1861.  He  'worked  two  years  in  a  woolen  mill  at 
Perry,  this  county.  In  1868  he  married  Miss  Bettie  Kwn  Wilkins, 
who  was  born  in  Ohio  Dec.  22,  1848.  Four  children  have  been 
born  to  them.  !Mr.  II.  embarked  in  the  wagon  business  in  1870, 
turning  out  good  wagons  and  buggies  and  meeting  with  fair  suc- 
cess.    I3oth  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Geo.  T.  Hume,  merchant,  Chambersburg,  was  born  in  Pike 
county  in  1855,  and  is  a  son  of  Thos.  and  Elmina  Hume,  father  a 
native  of  Pike  county  and  mother  of  Brown  county,  Illinois.  Mr. 
H.  grew  to  manhood  in  this  immediate  vicinity,  receiving  a  liberal 
education,  and  embarked  in  the  mercantile  business;  he  carries  a 
large  stock  of  dry  goods,  hats,  caps,  boots,  shoes,  notions,  etc.,  and 
transacts  a  large  business.  He  married  ISIiss  Vieniui  McPherson 
in  1877;  she  was  born  in  DeWitt  county,  Illinois,  in  1858. 

W.  A.  Hume,  merchant,  Chambersburg,  was  born  in  1837  in  this 
county,  and  is  a  son  of  W.  A.  and  Margaret  Hume,  both  natives  of 
Kentucky.  They  came  to  this  State  in  1828  (where  both  of  them 
died)  when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  bound  out;  in  1864  he 
married  Miss  Caroline  Pool,  who  was  born  in  Pike  county  in  1846. 
Two  of  the  four  children  born  to  them  are  living.  Mrs.  II.  died  in 
1873,  and  Mr.  II.  married  again  in  1874  Miss  Mary  Winegar.  Miss 
W.  was  born  in  this  county  in  1850.  Of  this  union  two  children 
have  been  born.  Mr.  II.  has  held  the  offices  of  Collector,  Treasurer 
and  Town  Clerk.  He  embarked  in  the  dry-goods  business  in  1865 
and  met  with  good  success.     He  owns  a  farm  of  230  acres. 

Joliii  G.  Irving  was  l)orn  in  1852  in  Pike  county  and  is  a  son   of 
Christo]»her  and  Mary  Irving,  the  former  a  native  of  Scotland  and 
the  latter  of  England;   they  came  to  America  and  were  married  in 
Massachusetts  and    emigrated    to   Tlliiu)is   in  earl}'  days.     In  1878 
Mr.  I.  married    Miss    Ida   M.  ]N'ewton,  who   was   born  in   Morgan 


i\-2 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK   COUNTY, 


C(»uiity,  Illinttie,  in  1859;  they  have  one  child.  .Mr.  I.  lias  hecn 
eii«^a«;e<l  in  farming  since  he  was  of  age.  Mrs.  I.  is  a  nienihor  of 
tlif  Cliristian  ('hurcli. 

A*.  JT.  Innnif,  fariiu'r  and  t*toek  dealer,  was  hi)rn  Sept.  25,  1848, 
in  Pike  Co.,  111.,  and  is  the  son  of  ('hristopher  and  ^lary  Irving; 
at  the  ago  of  15  \i.  M.  eonunenccd  doing  hiisiness  for  himself,  en- 
gaging in  fanning  untl  Hnally  heconiing  a  stock-shipper.  When  he 
un<I  his  lin)ther  comnienet'd  in  the  cattle  husine>s  tln-v  Korrowed 
$2<rt>  and  bought  calves,  and  from  the  start  kv\tX  increasing  their 
numher  until  now  he  is  shipping  about  200  head  a  year.  He  and 
his  brother  own  a  tine  farm  of  280  acres. 

K.  C.  Jdcktion  was  barn  in  Indiana  in  i'^io;  ne  is  liie  sou  oi' 
Samuel  arid  Harriet  (Twichell)  Jackson,  natives  of  New  York 
State.  He  is  a  farmer  an«l  owns  100  acres  of  land.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  a  seminary  in  Orlaiul  Town,  Irul.  At  the  present  time  he 
i.-  running  a  '*  lev  eeing ''  machine,  throwing  up  embankments  along 
streams  of  water,  so  a»  to  make  bottom  lands  tillable,  it  has  proved 
a  success.  This  macliine  will  throw  a  cubic  yard  of  dirt  in  a 
minute,  and  the  expense  is  only  5  cQuts  per  yard.  It  takes  12 
horses  and  3  men  to  do  the  work.  Over  loO  acres  of  wheat  was 
raised  in  187l>  on  lands  that  had  U'en  jionds  of  water  before;  the  ma- 
chine had  been  usetl  for  grading  romis,  \>ut  Mr.  Jackson  has  im- 
proveil  it  till  he  can  dt»  all  kinds  of  work  with  it.  In  IhTO,  he 
married  the  daughter  <'»f  Mr.  Gardner,  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
this  c< unity. 

A.  W.  Jam€s^  farmer,  sec.  32  ;  was  born  in  1818,  Uutherfor<l 
county,  Tenn.,  son  of  Casey  and  Martha  James,  natives  of  Vir- 
ginia. In  1S3*<  he  marrie*!  Matihla  (Mardy,  who  was  born  in  He<l- 
lord  county,  Tenn.,  and  died  in  S"pt.,  \^\\.  March  11*,  1X48,  he 
married  Elizabeth  Sartain,  who  wa*»  born  in  1S27,  in  Tenn..  ami 
they  had  fi  children.  Mr.  J.  came  t>  .Adams  county  in  1852,  and 
in  ls62  to  this  count}',  where  lie  ha*  since  resided.  He  has  Iield 
the  offices  (if  Constable,  School   Director  and  K<»ad  Commissioner. 

John  M.  Kflitc';f  was  Ihtrn  in  this  county  in  1852,  son  of  Samuel 
and  Annie  E.  Kelsey,  the  former  b«»rn  Nov.  18,  1S27,  and  the  lat- 
ter Aj>ril  2«;,  1834.  In  1875  he  married  Matilda  Smith,  who  was 
born  in  this  county  in  1859,  and  they  haii  3  children.  Mr.  K.  is  a 
farmer  and  also  foltl)Ws  grain  threshing  with  the  Spence  machine. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  His  father  was  in  the 
late  war,  belonging  to  Co.  H.,  99th  Ilog.  111.  Inft.,  and  died  at  Mem- 
phis. Tenn.,  while  in  service. 

Andt'iw  Kl-  hilt  in  was  l>orn  in  Germany  in  1820,  and  is  a  son  of 
Peter  and  Martha  Kleiidein.  At  the  age  of  33  he  crossed  the  ocean 
ami  landed  in  Paltimore,  Md.,  and  followed  butchering  for  10 
months,  then  worke<l  in  an  engine  liouse  2  years  for  the  Great 
Western  R.  R.  Co.,  and  in  1858  came  to  this  county  an<i  com- 
menced farming.  In  1856  he  married  Miss  Caroline  Berceka,  who 
was  born  in  1833  in  Hamburg  and  came  across  the  ocean  in  1855. 
Of  their  9  children  7  are  living,  2  of  whom  are  married.     Mr.  and 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  413 

Mrs.  K.  liave  been  lueinbers  of  the  Germiin  Lutheran  Church,  and 
lie  owns  140  acres  of  good  land. 

John  Lea]n\  son  of  Joseph  and  Anna  M.  Leahr,  was  born  in 
Germany  in  1840.  lie  came  to  New  York  when  but  15  years  ohl, 
thence  to  Pike  county,  whei'e  he  commenced  farmiui^,  and  in  1807 
lie  married  Miss  Emma  Smith,  who  was  born  in  1847,  in  ()iii(.>. 
They  had  7  children,  of  whom  5  are  living.  Mr.  L.  has  been  School 
Director  and  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Ddold  E.  Loer^  farmer,  sec.  5  ;  P.  O.,  Chaml)ersburg;  son  of 
Henry  and  ]\[atilda  Loer;  was  born  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  in 
1832.  His  father  died  in  1847  and  his  mother  in  1879.  He  moved 
to  Indiana  with  his  ])arents  wiien  quite  young;  in  1852  he  married 
Miss  Sarah  Leisur,  who  was  born  in  Rush  county,  Ind.,  in  1833,  and 
died  in  1867,  in  Grant  county,  Ind.  They  had  3  ciiildren,  2  of 
whom  are  living.  In  1868  he  married  Mrs.  Maria  Glassgow,  a 
widow  having  3  children,  and  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1836.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  L.  have  3  livino:  children  and  are  members  of  the  Chris- 
tian  Church. 

John  Loer  was  born  Aug.  22,  1814,  in  Colrain  tp.,  Hamilton 
Co.,  Ohio.  His  father,  Thomas  Loer,  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  and 
son  of  Henry  Loer,  a  native  of  Germany,  who  emigrated  to  Amer- 
ica with  his  parents  before  the  Revolutionary  war,  being  then  8 
years  of  aire.  He  served  under  Washington  during  the  war,  for 
which  he  received  a  pension  until  his  death.  After  the  war  he 
married  Sarah  Barkus  and  settled  in  Virginia;  thence  they  removed 
to  Ohio  about  1795;  he  died  in  Hamilton  in  1841.  Thomas  Loer, 
the  father  of  our  subject,  died  in  Henry  county.  Ind.,  in  1873,  aged 
^Q.  John's  mother,  Sarah  {nee  Patterson  )  was  the  daughter  of 
George  Patterson,  a  native  of  Scotland,  who  came  to  America  before 
the  Revolution,  settling  in  Grant  county,  Ky.,  where  he  resided 
until  his  death.  John  Loer  married  Martha  Hickman  in  1835,  in 
Ohio,  and  moved  to  this  county  in  1839,  locating  in  this  township. 
He  was  a  cooper  by  trade  and  Ijrought  5  coopers  with  him,  intend- 
ing to  conduct  tlip.t  business  here;  he  built  a  frame  cooper  shop  20 
X  40,  bought  timber  and  opened  up  business,  which  he  followed  2 
years  with  success;  then  went  into  the  pork  speculation,  buying 
pork  at  $1.50  per  cwt.,  or  $5.00  per  barrel,  shipping  to  New  Orleans, 
some  of  which  brought  only  75  cents  per  barrel.  Mr.  L.  lost 
heavily  by  this  venture,  and  returned  to  coopering,  which  he  fol- 
lowed with  varying  success  until  1849.  At  one  time  during  the 
wild-cat-money  period  he  took  a  cargo  of  barrels  to  Alton  and  was 
obliged  io  sell  them  for  50  cents,  when  they  had  cost  him  62^  cents 
to  have  them  made,  besides  the  freight,  which  was  25  cents  each.  He 
took  Shawneetown  money  for  pay  and  was  advised  to  hurry  home 
and  disjiose  of  it,  as  it  was  liable  to  become  worthless  any  day. 
Mrs.  Loer  died  in  1847,  leaving  5  children.  In  1849  Mr.  L.  mar- 
ried Mary,  daughter  of  John  and  Hannah  Hall  Reese,  of  Ky  ,  and 
they  had  0  children,  2  living.  In  1849  he  invested  in  a  saw-mill 
on  McGee's  creek,  which  he  carried  on  until  1862,  then  traded  for  a 


414  HISTORY    KF    riKK    OOUNTV. 

farm  on  boc.  Ifi  and  carric<i  on  tariiiiiii;  until  1877;  sokl  the  farm 
in  1870  and  houii^lit  a  tkdirini;  will  in  lMianil)ersl)nrf;  which  he  now 
operates  Mr.  L.  lias  nerved  as  Supervisor  tor  several  }'ears  :  also 
as  lioad  Conunissioner,  C'ollect<>r  and  School  Director.  The  pres- 
ent tine  school  huiidintij  was  huilt  under  the  administration  ot*  Mr. 
Loer  while  he  waii  Director.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  are  nienihers  of  the 
Chri.>tian  CMiurch,  and  Mr.  I.,  lu-lon^s  to  the  Masonic  fraternitv. 

J*  rank  M<ir<itn  is  one  of  the  leadin«^  ami  enterprising  citizens  of 
i*ike  c(»untv.     Rt-sidence,  Chainhershnrg. 

Mark  M<'GinnU  waa  born  in  Kast  Tennessee  in  l.s23.  His 
father,  David,  was  a  native  of  Tennessee,  and  his  nH»ther,  Sarah,  a 
native  of  \'ir:.;inia.  When  he  was  *J  <jr  10  years  <>f  utre  he  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Indiana,  livin^r  tlierc  six  years;  then  came  to 
Morgan  county,  111  ,  and  then  to  Pike  in  1844  and  located  at 
ChamU'rsluirg.  lie  followed  coojM'ring  10  years,  and  in  IS42 
married  Mary  iiushtield,  wlm  was  horn  in  1828  in  Kentucky. 
They  had  7  children,  otdv  one  <if  whom  is  living,  Thomas  1>.  Mr. 
Mc(t.  is  now  farming  and  has  C4>nsiilerahle  property.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Mi(f.  are  memhers  of  the  (Miristian  Church. 

llent'xj  Metz  was  horn  in  this  cnunty  in  lS4li;  his  father,  I'enj. 
H.,  was  horn  in  Maryland  in  1  **•'»;.  utni  his  m<»ther,  .lane  Met/.,  was 
h«>rn  in  Ohio  in  1S12.  In  1*^71  Henry  married  Alvini  Morrisoti, 
who  was  horn  in  this  county  in  ls[)5;  <tf  their  4  chihiren  3  are 
living.  Mr.  M.  is  a  IJirmer.  his  land  lying  a<lj<»ining  the  town  <»f 
Chamlicr.-luirg.  Mr.  M.  ^erved  4  years  in  the  late  war,  lirsi  in  ('o. 
L.,  then  transferrt«d  to  (3o.  I,  lOtlj  III.  Cav.;  wa*  mustered  out  in 
!>•  r»  at  San  Antonio,  Texas.  In  18<{4  he  was  taken  prisoner  by 
Josepli  Shelhy;  was  hehl  t'<>r  14  days  and  then  j>aroled,  atid  was  ex- 
changed in  tl  months.      Mrs.    M.  is  w  Metho<list. 

James  L.  Metz,  son  of  Henj.  B.  Met/,  was  Inirn  in  this  county 
Jan.  27,  IS.'U.  1 1  is  father  nu»ve«i  from  Marvhuul  to  Virginia, 
where  he  married  .Miss  Jane  Lawsou.  They  cjiine  to  Pike  county 
in  1S33,  anil  hecjimc  one  of  the  tirst  and  mosf  influential  settlers  of 
ChamlHTshurg  township.  He  died  April  0,  ls7<>.  James  L.  married 
Emily  M(»rris.  daughter  of  John  and  Family  Morris,  of  Pikecounty. 

Dr.  John  W.  Murphy,  son  of  John,  a  native  of  V'^erinont,  and  of 
Nancy,  a  native  of  (Jhit),  was  l)orn  in  Highland  county,  ().,  in  1S44. 
His  father  died  .Ian.  10,  1845,  in  (>lii<  ;  in  1S.')0  his  mother  removed 
to  Indiana  and  then  hack  to  Ohio.  During  the  late  war  he  enlisted 
in  Co.  H.  :'J*th  ().  V.  I.;  was  in  the  liattle  of  Corinth,  was  in  the 
siege  of  Vickshurg,  then  at  Chattanooga  an<I  in  the  Atlanta  cam- 
paign and  through  to  the  sea  and  around  hy  Wa*>liington,  and  was 
mustered  out  at  Louisville,  Ky.;  tiien  came  home  and  learned  the 
cooper's  trade  and  milling  business.  The  Doctor  came  to  Pike 
county  in  18<»0;  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  in  1871.  and 
attended  the  American  Collegeat  St.  Loui.s,  Mo.;  in  1874  he  located 
in  Chamhershurg  and  commenced  the  practice  of  medicine;  in 
1877-'8  attended  medical  college  and  returned  home,  continuing 
his  profeesion.      In  187fJ  he  married  Annie  Ix)ckerbie  Thompson, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  415 

who  was  horn   in   1S51    in  Cincinnati.  ().,  and   wlio  was  a  teacher. 
She  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Augustus  Myers  was  born  in  1819  in  Baden,  Germany.  His 
parents  were  Andone  and  Catlicrine  Myers,  both  natives  of  Ger- 
many. He  emii^rated  to  America  in  1846,  worked  in  Cincinnati 
8  vears  by  the  montli,  then  in  this  county  to  1858,  wlien  lie  married 
Louise  Carterman,  who  was  born  in  1829,  in  Lippe  Detmold,  Ger- 
many, wlio  came  to  tliis  country  in  1857.  Of  their  8  chihiren  7 
are  liviiiir.  Mr.  M.  has  been  very  successful  in  t'armin*^,  now  liav- 
in<x  300  acres  of  nice  land,  sec,  19.  He  and  his  wife  are  meinl)er8 
of  tiie  Lutheran  Church  at  Perry.     P.  O.,  Chambersburg. 

Thomas  J.  Smithy  of  the  firm  of  Smith  &  Ilobbs,  wagon  and 
carriage  manufacturers,  was  born  in  1835  in  Clarke  county.  Lid., 
a  son  of  Nicholas  W.  and  Susan  E.  Smith,  the  former  b  rn  in 
Kentucky,  the  latter  in  Vermont.  Li  1852  he  married  Margaret 
T.  Montgomery,  who  was  born  in  1837,  also  in  Clarke  county,  Ind. 
Of  their  10  children  only  5  are  living.  Mr.  S.  studied  and  practised 
medicine  4  3'ears  in  Luliana,  and  since  1871  he  has  practiced  med- 
icine and  been  connected  with  the  carriage  manufactory  at  Chriin- 
bersburg.  From  1863  to  1863"  he  served  in  Co.  I,  40th  Lid.  Vet. 
Vol.  Lit'.;  fought  in  the  battles  of  Pulaski,  Columbia,  Spring  Hill, 
Fi-anklin,  Tenn.  (where  he  was  wounded),  Kasliville,  and  in  the 
whole  campaign  after  Gen.  Hood.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  Methodists, 
and  he  is  an  Odd  Fellow. 

Valentine  Smith  was  born  in  1819  in  Baden,  Germany,  near 
the  river  Rhine;  his  parents,  Vincent  and  Mary,  were  also  natives 
of  Baden.  He  crossed  the  sea  in  a  sail  vessel,  landinir  at  New 
Orleans:  then  went  to  Cincinnati,  and  in  1855  he  came  to  this 
county,  where  he  has  lived  ever  since,  a  prosperous  farmer,  owning 
373  acres  of  good  bluff  land.  In  1848  Mr.  S.  married  Martha 
Thrasher,  who  was  born  in  1830  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  and  of 
their  twelve  children  nine  are  living.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Christian  Church,  reside  on  sec.  30,  and  their  postoffice 
is  Chambersburo:. 

George  L.  Thompson^  blacksmith,  Chambersburg,  was  born  in 
Woodford  county.  Ky..  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Thompsi>n, 
the  former  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and  the  latter  of  Scotland;  in 
1833  he  emigrated  to  Indianapolis  with  his  grand-parents,  and  the 
next  year  with  his  parents,  to  Perry  township,  in  this  county;  in 
the  spring  of  1835  he  left  his  parents,  returning  to  Indianapolis, 
where  he  learned  his  trade;  in  the  fall  of  1855  he  settled  at 
Chambersburg,  where  he  has  since  followed  his  trade.  In  1845  he 
married  Hannah  S.  O'Harrow,  who  was  born  June  20,  1829,  in 
Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  and  they  have  had  six  children.  Being  an 
early  comer  to  this  wild  West,  Mr.  T.  has  often  seen  large 
packs  of  wolves  and  killed  many  a  deer.  One  day  when  well 
on  his  way  home  with  a  deer  on  horseback,  the  wolves  attacked 
him,  and  he  was  compelled  to  abandon  his  booty  and  seek  safety. 
The   wolves  devoured    the    deer    with    chara,  teristic  greed.      Mr. 


410 


HIdTORY    OK    IMKK    0'»LMT. 


Tlioinpson  used  to  go  to  the  town  of  Perry  to  Imy  such  thiuj^s  as 
were  kept  tor  sale  in  an  <>lil  lo<;liiit  12  t'eot  tijimre,  kept  l)y  Joseph 
Kin;^.  who  was  an  oM  l»aehejttr.  ;in(l  e<>oke(i,  ate  and  sold  ^^oods  in 
the  same  room.      His  wife  is  a  Methodist. 

yninkUn  Todd  wni  horn  in  1825  in  Hoiirbon  conuty,  Ky.;  his 
father,  John  P.,  was  horn  in  \'ennont,  and  Ids  niotlier,  Mary,  in 
PennMlvaida;  his  father  died  in  lS27,aiid  in  1S32  he  aceoinpaiued 
Ids  mother  to  their  new  home  in  ( "liamht-rshur:;,  wIumi  there  were 
but  two  cabins  there,  occupie<l  by  Jaiues  and  .I«)hn  Kike,  hi  1843 
Mr.  Todd  married  Lucretia  Draper,  wiio  was  b<»rn  in  Seott  county, 
111.,  in  1Hl'5,  the  «laui;hter  of  Samufj  and  lliddah  Draper,  her 
fathrr  a  native  of  Miissacliusi'tts,  and  her  motlier,  of  Oluo.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  T.  have  had  II  children,  7  of  wlniU)  ar«'  living.  From 
1840  to  1855  Mr.  T.  followed  cooperinj^  in  ('haml>ersbnrt;,  part  of 
the  time  when  there  were  |(>  eot»pers  at  work.  Sinee  that  time  he 
has  been  a  sueeesstul  farmer.  an«l  iu»w  owns  1(>0  acres  of  iand. 
Twelve  years  a«;o  he  was  $4,'>'»<>  in  debt,  but  has  now  j)aid  it  all.  He 
has  been  Schoul  Director  and  Koad  ('ommisBioner.  lie  amd  his 
wife  are  members  of  the  Christian  (/hurch,and  are  |)ublic-6pirited, 
wttrthy  citizi'jjs. 

liohert  Told  was  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  in  18I1>,  sou  of 
.lohn  and  .Mary  Totld,  natives  of  Maryla»id  and  S<M»th  C'arolina, 
respectively.  His  father  died  in  1 828,  and  in  ls32  he  came  with 
his  mother  to  this  county.  In  184:{  he  married  Margaret  Kdwards. 
who  was  l>orn  in  1>24  in  Greenup  county,  Ky.;  they  have  had  3 
chiUlrrn.  Mr.  T.  now  owns  120  acres  of  good  land  on  sec.  5, 
besides  «  ther  valuable  property;  he  has  been  Constable,  Tax  Col- 
lector, School  Trustee  and  Director,  and  was  in  the  Mormon  war. 
In  his  early  day  here  Indian  trails  were  sometimes  his  only  guide 
in  traveling  over  the  country,  and  for  two  years  St.  Louis  was  his 
trailing  post.      P.  ().,  ChamlK'rsburg. 

Eli  J).  Tucker  wa.s  born  in  1857  at  Stitton.  Worceftler  C<j.,  Mjiss., 
son  of  K!)enezer  ancl  Elizabeth  T.,  the  ft»rmer  a  native  «d'  Uiiode 
Islaml,  and  the  latter  of  Massachusetts;  both  his  j)arent6  dying 
while  he  was  very  y«»ung,  he  was  biuind  out  at  the  age  of  7,  but 
at  the  age  of  fourteen,  being  maltreated,  he  ran  otf  to  West  Warren, 
Mass.,  where  he  w<»rke(l  at  $10  a  month  on  a  farm;  cornmt'ncing 
in  1^71,  he  Worked  two  years  in  a  rubber  manufactory;  in  ls74  he 
came  to  Illinois,  worked  on  a  farm  and  repairing  telegraph  wires 
on  the  O,  &  M.  U.  R.;  in  1877  he  became  an  employee  at  the 
Perry  Mineral  Sprin.:-;  Nov.  s.  1878,  he  began  to  learn  the  black- 
smith's traile  under  Frank  Marden,  of  this  place,  and  is  doing  well. 

James  T.  Varner  was  l»orn  in  1830  in  Morgan  count}',  III.,  son 
of  John  and  Sarah  (Wood)  Varner,  natives  of  Kentucky,  and  of 
(Terman  ancestry.  He  came  to  this  county  in  184'.»  and  now  owns 
1*0  acres  on  sec.  G,  ami  is  a  farmer  ami  cooper.  In  1850  he  mar- 
rieti  Xancy  Hanks,  and  they  have  one  son  and  three  daugiiters 
living.  Mr.  V.  has  been  Ii<jad  Commissioner  and  is  a  Democrat 
P.  ().,  Chambersburg. 


HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY.  417 

W771.  W.  Wijiegar  WAS  horn  in  this  place  (Chambersburg)  in 
1844,  son  of  John  and  Freeh)ve  ^Vine<^^aI•,  his  father  a  native  of 
Massacliusetts  and  his  mother  of  Ohio;  he  served  three  years  in 
the  army,  in  Co.  F,  90th  111.  Inf.,  beinor  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
etc.;  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  Gulf;  was  wounded  at  Fort 
Gibson.  In  1866  he  married  Mary  E.  ]>reden,  and  they  had  one 
child,  which  died  in  infancy;  Mrs.  \V.  died  in  1867,  and  in  1874 
Mr.  W.  married  Clarinda  Jones,  who  was  born  in  Brown  county, 
111.,  in  1851,  and  they  have  had  one  son.  Since  1865  Mr.  Winegar 
has  followed  blacksmithing,  with  fair  success..  He  and  his  wife 
are  meml)ers  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Br.  Henri/  12. '  Walling  was  born  March  28,  1836,  in  Orange 
county,  Ind.,  son  of  James  and  Catherine  Walling,  the  former  a 
native  of  Tennessee,  and  the  latter  of  Orange  county,  Ind.  In  1S52 
the  sul)ject  of  this  sketch  came  with  his  parents  to  Coles  county, 
111,,  and  in  February,  1854,  they  moved  to  this  county.  Sept.  12, 
1863,  Henry  R.  was  married  by  T.  M.  Hess,  at  Homer  111.,  to  Miss 
S.  S.  Gaston,  who  was  born  x\ug.  18,  1840,  in  Lawrence  county, 
111.  Her  migrations  were:  at  the  age  of  three  months  she  was 
taken  to  Cinncinnati,  in  1850  to  Paducah,  in  1861  to  Douglas 
county,  111.,  and  in  1863  to  Homer,  Campaign  Co.,  111.  After 
their  marriage  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  tirst  settled  at  Areola,  Douglas  Co., 
where  he  fallowed  preaching  for  a  while;  p3ut  he  took  to  the 
study  of  medicine,  which  he  pursued  with  zeal  while  working  his 
way  at  manual  labor;  in  1866  he  attended  medical  college  in  Ohio, 
and  then  went  to  Mt.  Vernon,  111.,  where  he  clerked  in  a  drug 
store;  he  then  went  to  Bridgeport,  where  he  had  a  driving  practice; 
but  health  failiu'j:,  he  went  to  vEtna,  111.,  where  also  he  had  a  large 
practice,  and  in  1870  he  settled  at  Perry  in  this  county,  where  he 
again  preached  the  gospel  as  well  as  practiced  medicine.  He  now 
lias  a  nice  piece  of  property  in  Perry. 

In  1877  he  moved  to  Louisiana,  Mo.,  where  he  again  followed 
preaching  (for  the  Christian  denomination),  and  the  next  year  back 
to  this  place(Chambersburg),  where,  Sept.  2,  he  opened  an  office  and 
commenced  business;  he  also  has  a  drug  store.  His  wife  is  an 
intellectual  woman  and  a  good  painter  of  pictures.  In  this  family 
there  have  been  born  5  children,  only  2  of  whom  are  living.  The 
Doctor  is  a  Republican. 

FLINT  TOWNSHIP. 

This  is  the  smallest  township  in  the  county  and  was  the  first  one 
settled,  [n  1817  a  Canadian  Frenchman  by  the  name  of  Teboe, 
located  on  section  33  in  this  township.  He  was  the  tirst  resident 
of  Pike  county,  as  mentioned  in  the  first  chapter  in  this  book. 
Mr.  Teboe's  residence,  which  was  on  the  banks  of  the  Illinois  river, 
was  the  favorite  resort  of  hunters  and  trappers.  He  was  killed  at 
Milton  in  the  year  1844.  Garrett  Van  Deusen  was  the  ne.xt  settler. 
He  opened  a  ferry  across  the  Illinois,  which  is  still  carried  on  at 
Valle}'  City,  near  Griggsville  Landing,  and  is  known  as  Phillips' 


T 


n 


418  BT*T>  KT  or  rrrr  rcrvrr. 

Kernr.      Vlr.  Vikn  Deuim  foic  to    Mr. 

jr  -  "«at  work.     A 

tiki  cUA^o*  u.  ervek.  it 

p«rpo»e  of  in..  -.?^w.Trw,       _^, 

be«ii|^  no  ko«.^  .A  erv  <>n 

■poo  a  kx  ia  the  LA  :»u(»  prewnt  at  t  ^ 

i .;     :.  .•T^'ii.  •*  A.iii-^  v».  AIM  I ' .  r . 

K 

••• 

T 
•lit 

tK- 

\ 

to  6r«i  tbe  recurdtc 


rr 


ir.     Tb« 

first 
Wm. 
.  «bo 

1 

k  Tari» 

il    gCi 

ood 

are 

forwtmttoa   wanl  or    tc 

tr  >r  tbe  cr 

cl -•«  aad  n  .  

■Mtion  oa  ti-  S.  A. 

•kov«d  ••  a  rerr  noe  and  rarr  cullcccioo  •  had 

obta'  r  MaBT  4mv  of  bard  labor  oo  xhm  :^.iiZ»  tiui  ;u  ll€  rocks 

of  r ....:  .-VBahir 

Tbe  tovB*liip  .-  '  thrrc  tebool  dutricta,  and  eoetaina 

tkree  fcbool-kooMa.  kauw  aa  Middle  and  Stath  Hint. 

To  a  ttmj  reteata   at   fir>t   fti^rht,   aa  be 

apficoaebca  ft».-iii  .l.^  ^r^>i,  •  f  u^^g^j  mmI  deaoUte  appearance ;  and 
aw  voaM  fur^vtose  rhxt  aa  iFcoraBt  aad  ratber  icdolect  daat  of 
people  !Ar  from  beine  the  <  .  We  were 

•lusbcd  as  tii-  .    rice  ar  ^*ble- 

u  c^;..gr.Tia.     AltiMM^  tut  sortaee  of  r  uLt  tuanrti.p  ^  r»«|^ 
and  broken,  it  ia  «  f^r.*-  loealitr  lor  ^ervwini^  and  fcediag  atock. 

fltMt  Jfa^mm-  m^ — la  tbe  cootb-eaatera  portioa  of  Flint 

tovn«bip.  oa  tbe  !atad.  or  ratber  rock,  of  Wm.  Rejooida,  tbere  ia  a 
bviair  •pringr  of  wagaeaia  water  floviag  trom  a  crerice  in  tbe  rock, 
aad  e«T  ''-^  -nto  tbe  B-:?  ^Tr...  .--r-^,  Tf  «oold  r^qaire  a  Tolame 
a^^^rr-  stodeacr  idera  <^  aatare  foaod  in 

F  waabip. 


SBTomr  or  ncE  o^rrrr.  419 


TALLMT  cnr. 


Thu  little  viB^e,  mmd  the  oalj  o«e  ib  FSmt  wva^xpi.  wm 
londed  aft  Pkilfipi'  fenj  br  Waliaee  Packer  is  t^  j«v  1877. 
The  pfirtofify  at  Gmg^riUe  LaadiK,  c«e-kalf  aule  ' 
knovB  ac  Fliat,  was  t^n  dMCpatiMed  i 
dwBevtaviutaldBirtfeBaaeofTalleTCitT.  Tbe 
oac  rtore  and  poatoficc. 

VaOsy  Ciif  Chnatimm  T     :     .  — " 

ettaMirfied  ia  ti^  quria^  of 


.  -     ~  -♦..-rT        »•  ik; 


&r  beea  T€«y  ifitnimfal.     I  --r^-  -  -  -  •:  ^:t, 

bj  the  aid  of  tiie  citiseas  ot'  i^  .       j  ^> 

feet  io  e'  h  1^-iool  etorj.  at  a 

eoft  of  ^  The  groa^  ■( 

k  ralae.  O, 


Mln.  £ri^tt,  laaiber  deakr,  Vallej  Citr,  was  boca  m  tais  eamatf 
Oct.  13,  1S47.  Hk  €ither,  Get>.  Wj  vai»'a  ftnKr,  aaatiweef  Wetf 
TeaaesBee.  and  vas  a  soldier  hi  the  Mexieaa  war.  He  va&  ««e  of 
the  iist  pioaeets  of  Pike  eomtj,  and  died  m  1S»a.  Ib  13^  ITB- 
liaB  named  Hawniah  Ikark,  who  dksd  m  1S49,  tmd  Mr.  B.  ag^am 
married  in  1S71.  thk  tiaae  BeOe  Grfffin.  aad  th^  had  8  chiidbca, 
Williaai^deeeMed, and  MaP^l  1  ^.Ir.  R  is  pvofinetfir  of  theow- 
mill  at  GtigwsriDe  Laadia^.  iortnerij  ovaed  Jb^  L  S.  Fiff  aiiiia,,  and 
is  doini^  a  isood  baaaesK. 

Leei  JSwOer,  hrmer,  «c.  17;  P.  O.  TalleT  City;  aae  hora  ia 
Geaesee  Gx.  X.  T..  Oet.  4,  IS^l ;  he  eaaae  ari^  hi^'paicais  in  1S33 
to  this  oD«ntT,  wheie  he  ^iH  readee.  OeL  14:.  I  ^  T  S.  he  ^atiiad 
Looisa  Wilfioa,aadoftharlOchiMiea9ar^  "  arcia.  Jainr|A, 

John,  Baiid,  EOea.  Esm.  Loniae,  Aml  .-r't.    Farnm 

married  Biabeth  Walker,  aad  resides  ia  t 

&99rfg  CmmU,  fmmer  aad  stoc^-iaiaav  ^ec^  ^'-  P-  O..  TaZkr 
Citj:  vas  bora  Jane  35, 15*3.  in  Mocgaa  Co,  O.;  hie^ 
Y^  %  solder  ia  the  var  of  ISli;  his  &:&av  Xoeefih.  a 
a  unlive  o€  Peaatyhaaaa,  aad  died  Jaa.  IS.  1867. 
Coa^able  or  Depatr  Sbaiff  li  Tear&  Marc^  37,  1^^  he 
ried  Provideaee  Wdk  in  Mt«su<^  O^  vh»  »  ban 
sej  C :  .  O^  Maich  19,  1^^;  the^  ha^  ^xee  childrea— J^iha  J^ 
yiz.2T  J.  aad  Sarah E.;  the  tvo  ibmer  are  r-^— "^' 

^<mU  CmrM,  feraaer,  eec  39:  P.  0>  V.  «^  bora  ia 

Mofgaa.  aov  iXoUe,  Co.,  0_  Apfu  ±»?,  1  -  r  -^s:-^^^  C4r- 

rdl,  of  Ais  tDvaihip;  he  aa»  ^    .  -«r  thit  OAaatf 

when  bat  3  jeazs  old;  has  parsat-  '-^t 

p^c^:  9  Tears  has  beca  £u«iB^  'rf? 

Baitiect.  dj^rhter  of  X.  Bartk^ 
are  TVUbar,  Boben  aad  aa  inf 

boral[aR^4^1$3S,inTir^iab ._ 

vbo  vas  a  flol£er  in  theaarof  1^ .-  . 


4-_*<> 


IIISTOKV    "K    riKK    roTNTY. 


iintil  liis  (loath  in  1853.  James  L.  came  to  this  county  in  1857, 
wliere  he  has  giiice  been  fanning'.  At  lirst  lie  worked  l»v  the  nu»nth 
\intil  he  hiitl  by  enough  tt»  be;xin  for  himself.  Nov.  14.  1n5S,  he 
marriitl  Lotiisa  llensell,  (lani;hter  of  tlie  late  Daniel  llensell,  of 
Gri^'^sville,  and  they  have  had  8  chiMren,  of  whom  5  are  living — 
Mary,  Laura,  Kddie,  Albert  and  Frankie. 

Ji'lm  Clark,  farmer,  jiie.  7;  son  of  the  late  John  Clark,  of 
Grigg^iville;  was  born  in  Hamilton  Co.,  ().,  Sept.  14,  1830;  was 
bn>ught  by  his  parents  to  Ogle  Co.,  111.,  in  1835;  was  reared  on  a 
farm,  ami  came  to  this  county  in  1857.  June  8,  1S52,  he  nnirried 
S.  Jain'tt  Pn'Tijer,  dau;rht»'r  of  .'^amuel  Hrrjjer,  of  P«)lo,  III.,  and  <»f 
their  •!  clMl.iri n  .''.  uic  Iiviii<r  llrnry,  Julia  E..  I.ibbi*'.  Jennie  and 
Fri'd  A. 

liachel  Conover  wai?  born  in  Northam)tton  Co.,  Penn.,  Nov.  7, 
18<)7;  married,  in  N«w  Jrr>ry, Abraham  Conovcr,  and  had  2  chihlrt'ii 
— Catht'rint',  nt»w  Mrs.  Wallace  I'arker,  of  N'alley  Cit}',  and  Kaohi'l, 
deceased.  Mr.  Conover  tliod  Aug.  1,1827.  Mrs.  C.  kept  h<»ust' for  a 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Moore  in  Pennsylvania;  the  former  came  tc>  Pike 
county  and  erecti'd  a  house  «>n  the  prest-nt  site  of  (iriggsvilic,  which 
is  still  standing;  hf  then  rt'turned  to  Pennsylvania,  where  he  died 
in  ls35,  Mrs.  Moore  having  previously  dietl.  In  \f*>Z(i  Mrs.  C. 
came  with  the  MiKiro  family  and  her  own  children,  and  occupied 
the  house  that  Mr.  Moore  had  j»reviously  built.  She  now  resides 
with  her  daiii^hter,  Mrs.  i'arker. 

WiUi'iin  Glenn,  sr.,  8«»c.  2'.»;  P.  ().,  Valley  City;  born  in  .March, 
1800,  in  Ireland;  in  1830  he  lande<l  in  Philadelphia;  he  remained 
in  Pennsylvania  5  years;  is  a  mason  by  trade;  came  to  Pike  county 
and  entered  the  ian<l  whereon  he  now  resi<les  in  ls35;  then  went  t<» 
St.  L«>nis,  Mo.,  where  he  fidlowed  his  trade  f»»r  five  years,  and  then 
moved  back  to  this  county;  ha«  l>een  a  prominent  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser,  b»it  U'ingold,  has  turned  the  business  over  to  his  son  Wil- 
liam. In  1835  he  marrie<i  Maria  Topping,  and  of  their  r»  children 
5  are  living, — James,  Thomas,  Williaim,  Catharine  and  Maria. 
Their  son  Robert  was  killetl  in  the  late  war  during  Gen.  Forest's 
raid  through  Tiimessee. 

Elizabeth  Hmtlxind,  S(H?.  30  ;  P.  O.,  Valley  City;  was  born  in 
Co.'«hoctttn  Co.,  O.,  May  1,  1834,  the  daiighter  of  George  McCJune, 
deceased,  also  a  native  ot  Coshocton  Co.,  ().,  who  was  the  first  white 
child  born  in  that  county.  He  removed  with  his  family  to  St. 
I.,oui8  Co..  Mo.,  in  1S35,  where  he  resided  until  the  fall  of  1864, 
wlien  he  came  to  Pike  county,  and  die<l  Dec.  18  of  the  same  year. 
He  was  Sheritf  in  St.  Louis  county,  Missouri,  County  Treasurer, 
Tax  Collector  and  held  other  offices  of  trust.  Mrs.  Husband's 
grandfather,  Joseph  Fuller,  was  a  soldier  under  Gen.  Washington. 
She  was  married  Aug.  20,  1850,  to  Edward  Moisnier.  in  Rock  Hill, 
Mo.,  and  had  3  children, — llenrv  E.,  born  (Jet,  6,  1853;  Ida  L., 
Oct.  25,  1860;  and  James,  Feb,  19,  1862.  Mr.  M.  died  Feb.  19, 
1863;  in  1865  she  married  Jonathan  Husband,  who  was  born  iu 
Yorkshire,  Eng.,  Sept.  21,  1803,  and  emigrated  to  America  in 
1825-  J.edicd  Nov.  28   1«T0 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  421 

Eohcrt  JIt(sh((n(I,  farmer,  sec.  20;  was  born  April  11,  1842,  in 
this  tp.,  the  son  of  Jonathan  llnshand,  deceased,  an  early  ])i()neer 
of  this  county,  who  in  conij)any  with  Mr.  Wade  and  Win.  Tnrnbull 
owned  the  same  coit'ee-miU.  Marcli  15,  1871,  Robert  married 
Esely  Grable,  and  of  their  3  children  2  are  living, — Nellie  and 
Eddie  ]\[r.  II.  was  a  prosi)erous  farmer,  but  worked  2  vears  in  a 
saw-mill  in  Wisconsin.  . 

Sylvester  McKee,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  19;  P.  0.,Griggs- 
ville.  This  man  was  born  in  Noble  county,  O.,  Feb,  22,  1850,  and 
is  the  only  soil  of  Ezra,  who  now  resides  with  him.  The  family 
emigrated  in  1864  to  this  county,  where  he  still  resides.  Oct.  20, 
1869,  he  married  Sarah  A.,  daughter  of  Wm.  Orr,  of  Derry  tp. 
Of  their  4  children  3  are  living, — Addie  C,  llosie  E.  and  Alraa. 
Little  Wilbert  W.  died  Oct.  26,  1879.  Sylvester's  mother's 
maiden  name  was   Elizabeth  Mummy,  and  she  died  Jan.  17,  1870. 

Wallace  Parker  was  born  in  Clinton  county,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  17, 
1825,  and  is  the  son  of  James  Parker,  of  Griggsville;  came  with 
his  jmrents  to  Pike  county  in  1844,  where  he  followed  farming 
until  21  years  of  age,  when  he  became  a  merchant  in  Valley  City; 
has  been  very  successful  except  in  some  grain  speculation  in 
Chicago  and  St.  Louis.  At  present  he  carries  a  stock  of  about  $3,000 
worth.  In  Feb.,  1849,  he  married  Catharine  Conover,  and  of  their 
7  children  only  4  are  living,  Rachel  C,  Hardin  W.,  James  II.  and 
Helen  F.  Mr.  P.  is  also  Express  Agent,  Postmaster  and  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  at  Valley  City.  He  has  given  his  son  James  H.  an 
interest  in  the  store.  He  also  has  a  fine  collection  of  Indian  relics, 
as  battle-axes,  arrowheads,  pipes,  frying-pans,  a  copper  needle,  the- 
burnt  jaw-bone  of  an  Indian  and  numerous  other  curiosities.  Some 
of  these  he  has  picked  up  and  others  he  has  obtained  by  opening 
Indian  graves. 

David  Pyle,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.  Griggsville.  This  gentle- 
man was  born  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.,  Feb.  4,  1817;  his  parents, 
Ralph  and  Rachel  Pyle,  deceased,  emigrated  with  him  to  New 
Orleans  in  1818.  where  he  was  reared  and  educated.  In  1834  he 
came  with  his  mother  to  Phillips'  Ferry  on  a  visit;  went  to  Phila- 
deli)hia,  Pa.,  then  to  Cincinnati,  O.,  and  then  back  to  this  county 
in  the  fall  of  1835;  the  next  spring  he  bought  a  farm  on  sec.  19, 
where  he  lived  for  21  years,  and  which  he  then  sold,  removing  to 
Morgan  county.  111.;  in  1862  he  returned  to  this  township,  pur- 
chasing a  farm  on  sec.  18,  where  he  still  resides.  He  was  married 
Aug.  2,  1838,  to  Martha  A.  Willsey,  and  they  have  had  11  chil- 
dren, all  living;  namely,  Ralph  W.,  Joseph  IL,  Christopher  W., 
Rachel  E.,  Isaac  N.,  Martha  A.,  Carrie,  David  W.,  Morgan  L., 
James  C.  and  Emma  L.  All  but  three  of  these  are  married,  and 
liviiif;  in  this  countv. 

E.  M.  Roherts,  farmer,  sec.  28,  was  born  in  London,  Eng.,  June 
23,  1828;  in  1836  the  family  emigrated  to  America,  settliiii;  in 
Pike  county.  Feb.  19,  1867,  he  married  Susan  W.  Kcm))ton,  while 
visiting  friends  in  Fairhaven,  Mass.  They  have  had  5  children,  of 
whom  4  are  living:  Sarah  M.,  E^pti  M.   T.ov.i.=  F.  ?.i;d  George  B 


422  HISTORY    OK    I'lKK    UOLM\. 

Mr.  Iiol>ert8  is  a  cuiiein  to  the  popular  RobertB  lirotliers,  puMish- 
ers,  W}isliiii«rt«i!j  street,  Hoston,  Mass. 

JoHtph  A.  liuhii  is  «>t"  Freiifh  aiieestry.  During  the  Cutholio 
persL'ciitiuu  of  the  Prutostjiuts  in  Fniiiee  two  ol"  the  liuluii  Jlroth- 
erri,  l)eiii<^  Protestants,  were  arresteil  antl  }>hiced  under  a  guard  in 
a  private  houi*e  up  stairs.  Tliey  knew  it  would  1m«  certain  death 
if  they  were  brought  to  trial;  jjcnce  they  att<'inj>te<l  to  hrihe  the 
puanlsinen  to  let  them  eRca|>e,  hut  in  vjiin.  They  then  askt'd  the 
guarilri  simply  to  remain  just  outsiile  tiie  room  and  they  would  take 
care  of  the  rest;  the  guards  then  received  the  offered  tees,  stupjied 
out  of  the  n».in  and  ginirded  the  tloor.  The  Kulons  then  made  a 
roj>e  of  the  hed-dotlu's,  hy  which  tlu'y  mad<Mhcir  escaj>e  thrt)Ugli 
the  window;  and  in  the  night  found  their  way  to  the  wharf  where 
thev  lK»anie<l  a  hri;;  Ixnunl  lor  America.  S<iine  time  after  landinjr 
in  Anjericji  one  of  these  men  married,  and  his  descendants  are  scat- 
tered throughout  the  c«»untry.  One  of  these,  .leshc.  was  a  S(ddier 
in  the  Iwevtdutittn,  participating  in  the  i)attle  of  Munm«>uth,  and  he 
was  the  father  of  Joseph  C.,  asaihtr,  v^lio  in  1S32  settled  on  a  farm 
in  Iiuiiana;  hut  after  a  short  tiiftehe  hegan  tratiicking  ami  came  to 
Meredosia,  ill.,  in  1S41).  He  v.*as  capci/.e<l  and  drowned  in  the 
Mississippi  river  Jan.  12,  1852,  whileattempting  to  Iwtard  a  steamer 
from  ii  small  rowlKtat.  He  was  the  father  of  Joseph  C  Union, 
the  subject  of  this  sketcli,  who  was  \>orn  S<'pt.  5,  lS31,on  the  Mon- 
mouth hattle  grounds,  oathe  very  spot  where  his  grandfather  fought 
in  the  hhMtdy  hattle  of  Monmouth  in  the  Uevolutionary  war.  He 
was  married  June  »'.,  IS.'iC,  to  Mary  K.  Bonds,  and  their  two  child- 
ren are  Allxjrt  K.  and  Floni  E.  The  latter  18  teaching  instrumental 
music.  Mr.  K.  came  t4»  l*ike  Ci>unty  in  1S7I,  where  ho  still  re- 
sides, and  is  foreman  of  the  niilroad  hrid^'c  at   Phillips'  Ferry. 

John  C.  iS<:of(  is  a  native  of  Scott  Co.,  where  he  was  liurn  Dec. 
22,  1823,  being  the  first  white  child  born  in  that  county;  was 
bn»ught  up  on  a  faruj;  came  to  this  county  in  iS.'Jfi.  in  184.'l  re- 
turne<i  t«»  Sc«»tt  Co.,  where  he  marri<Hi,  in  Jan.  1><45,  Mary  A.  Hoi). 
Bon,  who  died  the  next  year;  then  Mr.  S.  returned  to  this  ctJiinty, 
wherein  1850,  he  marrie<l  Martha  Wilson,  and  of  their  11  children 
the  following  9  are  living:  Charles  W.,  James  M.,  I>conard  (}.,  Da- 
vid W.,  Fnink  W.,  Jose)>h  L.,  Henjamin  K.,  Margaret  J.  and  (Jeorge 
E.  Mr.  Scott  is  a  farnier  on  sec.  7.  His  father,  J<din  Scott,  waa 
the  first  settler  in  Scott  c<^»unty,  and  for  him  that  county  was 
named.  Having  bef?n  a  soldier  in  the  vcar  of  1S12  he  was  a  pen- 
sioner until  his  death  in  Jan.,  1856.     He  was  a  noble-hearted  man. 

John  G-  SI'  ight,  sr.,  was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  Oct.  5, 
1805;  in  1S27  lie  married  Itebecca  Walker,  and  their  8  children 
are:  Betsy  G.,  Sally  G.,  Ann  G.,  Walker  G.,  Eliza  G.,  Mary  G., 
John  G.  and  TlelKJcca  G.,  deceased.  They  came  to  America  in  1857, 
6toj>ping  at  (iriggsville  until  the  f(dl(twing  sj)ring.  when  they  set- 
tled on  sec.  6,  where  Mr.  S.  still  resides.  Mrs.  S.  died  June  19, 
1862,  and  Mr.  Sleight's  son-in-law,  Joseph  Wilson,  resides  with 
him  and  conducts  the  farm.    Mr.  Wilson  was  born  in  1838  in  Griggs- 


s;1 


V; 


;'/ 


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;'is>,  , 

'   ;         ■-Sr^i     ■■•■  •■• 


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Q)fvo^n~UiP  Jx^^) 


PERRY  T? 


/^ 


HISTOKT    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  425 

ville  tp.,  and  is  the  father  of  4  cliildren,  of  whom  but  one,  Elizabeth 
F.,  is  living. 

Walker  G.  Sleight  was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  Aug.  29, 1833; 
came  to  Pike  county  in  1856,  where  he  still  resides,  a  fanner,  on 
sec.  7;  P.  O.,  Griggsville. 

Samuel  Thachwray^  farmer,  sec.  32;  P.  O.,  Griggsville.  He  was 
born  March  25,  1837,  in  Pike  county,  and  is  a  son  of  Wni.  Thack- 
wray,  deceased;  his  muther,  Hannah T., is  now  in  her  80th  year,  re- 
siding on  the  old  homestead,  sec.  31,  with  her  son  James.  Mr. 
T.  is  a  successful  farmer  and  stock-raiser.  Xov.  9,  1865,  he  married 
Mary  A.  Lynde,  daughter  of  Henry  l^ynde,  of  Griggsville.  She 
was  born  Nov,  10,  1843,  in  this  county.     Of  their  4  children,  these 

3  are  living:  Annie,  Cassie  and  Melva. 

James  L.  Thompson^  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  ().,  Griggsville.  This 
early  settler  of  Pike  county  was  born  in  Charlestown  (now  part  of 
Boston),  Mass.,  Sept.  11,  1812,  and  is  the  son  of  Ur.  Abraham  R, 
Thompson,  a  native  of  the  same  place  and  a  college  class-mate  of 
Daniel  Webster;  they  were  intimate  friends  all  through  life.  Dr. 
T.  died  in  Charlestown  in  1870.  James  L.  was  educated  in  Boston 
in  the  school  of  Willard  Parker,  now  a  noted  physician  .of  New 
York  city.    He  was  commission  merchant  in  the  city  of  Boston^ 

4  or  5  years,  when  he  suffered  a  severe  loss  by  the  crisis  of  1836; 
in  the  fall  of  1837  he  emigrated  West  and  settled  on  sec.  18,  this 
tp.,  where  he  now  resides,  on  a  farm  of  160  acres  of  well-improved 
land.  When  but  19  years  of  age  Mr.  T.  went  to  sea,  taking  a  cargo 
of  ice  from  Boston  to  New  Orleans,  where  he  loaded  his  ship  with 
staves,  cotton  and  coffee,  which  he-  carried  to  Tarragona,  Spain; 
there  he  loaded  with  a  cargo  of  wine  and  dried  fruits,  and  shipped 
for  Buenos  Ayres,  S.  A. ;  at  this  place  he  took  on  a  cargo  of  jerked 
beef,  which  he  brought  to  Havana,  Cuba,  whence  he  took  a  load  of 
coffee  and  sugar  to  Boston.  Fifteen  months  were  consumed  in  this 
round  trip,  which  was  full  of  interest  and  had  its  frightful  scenes. 
In  1850  Mr.  T.  went  overland  to  California,  suffering  untold  priva- 
tions on  the  way.  En  route  he  met  with  Col.  Robert  Anderson, 
afterward  of  Fort  Sumter  notoriety,  and  had  a  conversation  with 
him.  In  California  Mr.  T.  met  with  Admiral  James  Alden,  who 
procured  for  him  a  situation  as  Purser  on  tlie.U.  S.  Surveying 
Steamer  "Active."  He  was  on  the  survey  of  the  northwestern 
boundar}',  the  report  of  which  was  accepted  b}'  Emperor  William. 
This  report,  requiring  about  a  quire  of  foolscap,  was  all  written  by 
Mr.  T.  It  took  two  seasons  to  complete  the  survey.  After  being 
absent  about  5  years  he  returned  to  his  family  here  in  1856,  where 
he  has  since  resided.  He  has  been  married  four  times,  and  is  the 
father  of  seven  children, — James  L.,  J.  B.,  Henrj',  Frederick  W., 
Katie,  Charlie  and  Beiij.  F. 

Austin  Wade,  faruier,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Griggsville.  The  birth  of 
this  gentleman  took  place  July  23,  1832,  in  this  county;  he  is  the 
son  of  Josias  Wade,  of  Griggsville;  Sept.  27,  1855,  he  married 
Mary  A.,  daughter  of  Joseph  Pyle,  of  Naples,  111.,  and  of  their  8 

26 


426 


lllSTwKY    UF    riKK    COIXTV. 


children  6  are  liviiicr, — "NVilliinl,  Klizalu'tli,  Artlitir,  LiiPiiiiie,  Ferber 
and  Homer.  Mr.  Wade  resided  7  years  in  M(»r:^:iii  c«)iinty,  111., 
aud  t\v<»  years  on  the  l*acilie  coast. 

Coleman  Winlc,  tanner,  sec.  11);  P.  O.,  Valley  (Mtv;  a  native  of 
I*ike  county,  and  was  burn  .Inly  7,  1>37,  the  son  of  Josias  Wade, 
of(Tri^^sville,  and  brotiier  of  tlie  |)rece<lin^;  wasetlncated  in  Ctri^ijs- 
villc;  lias  been  vcrv  siiccessfnl  in  fariniii''  and  slock -raisin'''.  Jan. 
2i>,  ls.*»"J,  he  married  lijichel,  dan^^htcr  ol  Jo^L'|•h  I'yle,  of  Najdes, 
and  they  havo  iiad  0  children,  t»f  whom  5  are  lining:  Lillian,  Krncst, 
Ilaymond,  C'litfitrd  and  Irene.  The  four  youngest  are  attending  the 
Middle   Flint  school,  where  Lil'ian  is  engaged  as  assistant  teacher. 

.Inhn  \Vadi\  farmer,  sec,  ;!0;  I*.  ().,  (iriggsville;  born  Jan.  12, 
1822,  in  Hlyth,  Nottinghamshire,  Kng.,  nnu  is  the  son  tjf  Francis? 
Wade,  deceased.  All  the  school  education  he  lias  had  he  reciuved 
Ix'fore  he  wa-  '^  vearn  old.  Tlie  family  emigrated  to  .Vmeriea  in  1^34, 
locating  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  thence  to  1'ennsylvania,  and  in  July, 
!>;'.*<,  landed  at  Fliillips'  Ferry,  in  this  county;  May  IS.  1S»W;,  he 
inarrie<l  Ann  Stoner.  Tli<ir  7  children  ai*o:  Maria,  Mary  J.,  Arthur, 
I'Vancis.  Fred,  J(din  and  (teorge.  Mr.  W.  now  owns  370  acres  of 
land,  and  is  a  bucces»fn|  farmer  and  stock-raiuer. 


■'   ♦      ♦ 


I 


DETROIT  TOWNSHIP. 

Detroit  township  is  situated  on  the  Illinois  river  and  consists  for 
the  most  of  l)roken  land.  To  Lewis  Allen  belongs  the  lionor  of 
being  the  first  settler  in  the  township.  lie  came  in  1823  and  erected 
a  cabin  on  section  31.  He  was  a  native  of  Warren  county,  Ky., 
and  was  born  Nov.  11,  1Y94.  Garrett  Van  Deusen,  Wm.  Meredith 
and  a  Mr.  Morgan,  also,  were  very  early  settlers  in  this  township. 
The  tirst  birtli  in  the  township  was  a  daughter  of  David  and  Ilamiah 
Mize,  who  died  in  infancy,  which  was  also  the  first  death  to  occur. 
The  first  marriage  was  Robert  Coo]ier  to  Nanc}'  Rice  in  1826,  at 
the  residence  of  Wm.  Meredith.  The  first  sermon  was  preached 
by  Rev.  Elijah  Garrison,  a  Christian  minister,  at  the  house  of  David 
Mize  in  1S26.  The  earlj'  pioneers  were  industrious  people  and 
were  not  neglectful  of  the  education  of  tiieir  children;  for  as  early 
as  1827.  David  Mize,  Ezekiel  Clemmons,  Wm.  Meredith,  Joseph 
Neeley  and  others  banded  together  and  erected  a  school-house  on 
section  10.  and  employed  a  teacher,  placing  their  children  in  their 
charge  for  instruction  and  intellectual  improvement.  The  first 
teacher  was  Abraham  Jones. 

The  next  great  question  which  occupied  the  minds  of  these  noble 
fatliers  and  mothers  was  the  preparations  for  public  worship.  They 
accordingly  organized  themselves  into  a  body,  or  rather  each  person 
Considered  himself  one  of  the  building  committee,  and  as  early  as 
1834  there  was  a  church  building  erected  by  the  Baptists  at  Blue 
river  graveyard.  Previous  to  this  meetings  were  held  in  school- 
liouses  and  ]^rivate  dwellings. 

Garrett  A'an  Deusen  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  Isaac 
Teniff  the  first  Supervisor.  Tlie  township  received  its  name  from 
the  postoflice  which  had  been  established  several  years  previously, 
and  named  by  Col.  Daniel  Bush  at  Pittsfield  and  Wm.  Johnson, 
the  first  postmaster  at  Detroit. 

The  ])ioneors  had  many  encounters  with  wild  animals  during  the 
earh'  settlement  of  the  county,  two  or  three  of  wliich,  related  by 
Mrs.  Dinsmore,  wlio  is  still  residing  in  this  townslii]>,  we  will  place 
on  record  in  this  connection.  On  one  occasion,  while  she  and  her 
liusljand  were  |)assing  through  the  woods,  a  huge  lynx  came  bound- 
ing up  behind  her  and  grabbed  her  dix'ss  with  his  claws.  She 
liastily  called  the  dogs  and  they  quickly  came  to  her  side.     The  wild 


\ 


428  HISTORY    <»F    I'lKK   COUNTV. 

aniiiKil  lt»<).-cuo(l  his  liold  and  ^iized  upon  tlie  d<>^t».  Tliuy  were 
greatly  tri^liteuetl  aiul  did  not  attempt  an  attack  upon  the  lynx, 
but  ran  to  tiio  lioutjo.  The  lynx,  too,  concluded  to  leave  and  took 
to  tlie  forest. 

This  name  lady  tells  of  another  time  when  she  was  attacked  or 
about  t«»  be  attacked  by  one  of  these  fierce  creatures.  She  was  en- 
pa^«'d  in  the  woods  making  sugar,  with  her  C4imp  lire  near  a  large 
log.  She  heard  a  noise  npvin  the  opj)<»site  side,  which  was  made  uy 
thf  lynx  just  in  the  act  ol"  preparing  to  make  a  leap,  as  she  sup- 
p<i.-«d.  She  set  the  dog  upon  it,  and  as  it  sprang  over  the  log  he 
alighted  upon  a  large,  ixjwerful  lynx.  The  tiorce  contest  that  ensued 
was  a  short  one,  for  the  <l«»g  was  completely  overpowered;  an<l  as 
Boon  >is  he  could  relejuse  himself  fnun  the  clutches  oi  his  antagonist 
he  "  run  houie  a-h»)wlin'  with  his  tail  between  his  legs.  :iiid  run 
under  the  house,''  whore  he  remained  for  some  time. 

We  will  give  Mrs,  Dinsmore's  panther  story  in  her  own  language 
as  nearly  a-s  we  can,  "  One  «lay  wheii  1  wjisa-comin'  thro'  the  wocjds 
I  seen  a  large  painter  come  out  I'f  the  brush  and  begin  U>  drink  out 
of  a  pudtile  of  water  in  the  path;  and  I  shooed  at  him,  and  he  paid 
no  attention  to  me,  and  I  toi)k  otl'  my  bonnet  and  shooed  and  shooed 
at  him;  Imt  he  woiddn'l  sho»»;  he  jist  staid  there  and  lapped  away 
till  he  got  iloijf  and  then  went  otV.' 

Mrs.  Dinsmore  also  relates  that  she  was  once  standing  in  the  door 
when  she  saw  her  father  stab  and  kill  an  Indian. 

JJifj  Blue  Hollow. — This  is  quite  an  historiwd  locality.  In  ISIJ 
it  ranked  as  the  second  place  in  the  coutity  in  the  amount  ot  Imsi- 
ness  transacted.  There  were  then  three  Jlouring  mills,  a  saw-mill, 
and  a  store  in  this  mountainous-looking  region;  these  mills  were 
known  by  the  name  of  Providence  Mills,  atid  wore  owned  by 
Jonathan  Frye.  In  1S3.'S  he  crc(!te<l  there  a  two-story  frame  house 
and  sided  it  with  shaved  cla|ibuards;  this  house  is  still  stainiing 
there,  with  the  old  siding  upon  it,  and  is  occupied  by  Mr.  Wm. 
Ileynolds  and  family. 

FLOKENCR. 

This  is  the  oldest  town  in  Detroit  t«»wnship,  and  was  founded 
in  lS3r»  by  the  Florence  Company;  this  company  was  composed 
p.-incipally  of  Pittstield  business  men,  among  whom  were  Austin 
Barber,  Itol>ert  11.  Greene,  Wm.  Iloss,  Thos.  Worthington  and 
James  Davis.  The  town  is  located  on  the  Illinois  river,  and  was 
intended  fv»r  river  trans^xjrtation  f<»r  the  town  of  I'ittsfield,  and  a 
gravel  road  wjis  constructed  from  Pittstield  to  this  place.  The  land 
was  first  settled  by  John  liol>erts.  Col.  Wm.  Ross  and  Stephen  Ga}' 
kept  the  first  store  in  the  place.  A  saw-mill  was  erected  herein 
l!>3G,  by  the  Florence  Company,  which  was  c<jnverted  into  a  steam 
flouring  mill  in  l5>42.  During  the  early  pioneer  days  Florence  was 
known  by  the  name  of  Auj^usta. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  429 

DETROIT. 

This  livel}'  little  business  village  was  founded  in  1837  by  Peter 
H.  Lucas,  and  named  by  hira  after  the  postofRce  which  had  been 
established  at  this  point  some  years  previous.  Soon  after  Henry 
Neeley  added  to  the  town  plat  what  is  known  as  Neeley's  addition, 
and  consists  of  all  that  part  of  town  north  of  Main  street. 

Detroit  cont^iins  2 general  stores,  1  drugstore,  2  blacksmith  shops, 
1  wagon  manufactory,  1  shoemaker's  shop,  a  millinery  store,  and  a 
broom  factory.  Three  physicians  reside  in  the  place.  There  are  in 
the  town  3  church  edifices  and  4  church  organizations.  The  citi- 
zens have  erected  a  fine  two-story  brick  school -house  and  employ 
two  teachers. 

CHURCHES. 

Detroit  Christian  Church. — This  church  was  organized  Feb.  25, 
1S76,  by  Elders  Rufus  Moss  and  J.  W.  Miller,  with  a  membership 
of  33.  The  first  deacons  were  Nathaniel  Smith  and  John  Turner. 
C.  L.  Hall  was  appointed  Elder  and  afterward  elected  to  that  oflice, 
in  company  with  his  brothei*,  W.  C.  Hall.  The  present  Deacons  are 
Albert  Field  and  John  Turner.  The  congregation  sustains  a  large 
and  interesting  Sunday-school,  which  was  organized  the  first  Lord's 
day  in  1876,  with  25  members.  It  now  has  an  attendance  of  about 
85,  with  W.  C.  Hall  as  superintendent.  The  congregation  at  pres- 
ent worship  in  the  house  belongiug  to  the  Predestinarian  Baptists. 
The  present  membership  is  140.     Elder  Thomas  Weaver  is  Pastor. 

Detroit  M.  E.  Churchy  South. — This  society  was  organized  in 
1861,  and  consisted  of  parties  who  left  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  on  account  of  the  political  excitement  that  then  pervaded 
all  of  the  Churches.  They  erected  a  meeting-house  in  1870,  and 
sustain  a  Sabbath-school  :  membership  30.  Services  are  held  each 
alternate  Sabbath  morning  and  evening  by  Rev.  J.  Metcalf,  Pastor. 

Detroit  M.  E.  Church. — The  Methodi-sts  had  an  organization  in 
this  township  at  an  early  day.  As  early  as  1828  this  people  held  a 
camp-meeting  on  the  Meredith  farm,  sec.  16.  The  exact  date,  how- 
ever, of  the  first  organization  of  this  society  is  not  certainly  known. 
The  congregation  erected  a  brick  house,  36  by  48  feet  in  size,  in 
the  town" of  Detroit,  in  1857,  at  a  cost  of  $1,500.  The  Church  now 
.sustains  a  good  Sunday-school,  has  preaching  each  Sunday  evening 
and  each  alternate  Sunday  morning,  by  Rev.  James  A.  Wills,  Pas- 
tor.    The  number  of  communicants  at  present  is  75. 

Detroit  Predestinarian  Baptist  Church. — h\  the  year  1828 
the  Baptists  began  holding  services  in  the  Blue  River  school- 
house,  and  in  1834  they  erected  a  church  edifice.  Soon  after  this 
the  (piCi^tion  of  missions  divided  them,  and  the  Missionary  Baptists 
retained  this  house,  and  in  1840  the  Predestinarians  formed  another 
organization.  The  former  society  is  now  extinct,  and  the  latter, 
by  the  help  of  others,  in  1857  erected  ar  house  of  worship  in  De- 
troit.    They  have  no  regular  services,  the  society  being  very  weak. 


430  HISTORY    uF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 


Below  are  personal  sketches  of  many  of  the  old  settlers  and  lead- 
ing citizens  of  this  township. 

W/n.  Anthony,  a  native  of  this  county,  was  horn  Dec.  9,  1833. 
His  father,  Martin  Antlmny,  came  to  this  county  alxmt  the  vcar 
1831.  Williiim  \V!ii  reared  on  a  farm  and  iiad  limituil  school  advan- 
tai^s.  He  attended  school  a  mile  and  a  half  from  homo,  in  an  old 
log  cabin  with  no  ceiling,  and  a  fire-place  across  one  end  of  the 
house.  His  Ixioks  consisted  of  a  testament  and  spelling-hook. 
July  17,  l.s»;7,  he  married  Orle  A.,  daughter  of  the  late  Lcander 
Jellers,  of  the  vicinity  of  Hannihal,  Mo.  Mrt*.  Aiith«>ny  was  ln)rn 
Aug.  22,  1847,  in  Cincinnati,  ().  They  have  had  six  children,  of 
whom  three  are  living,— Ida,  Mattie  and  Nellie.  Mr.  A  is  engaged 
in  general  farming  oti  sec.  fJ,  this  township.      P.  O.,  (J riggsville. 

IJ.  J.  AUlrich  waj»  horn  in  Worcester  county,  Mass.,  Oi-t.  3. 
1802,  and  is  the  son  of  Jesse  Aldrich,  deceiuse<l.  Ho  was  educated 
in  the  academy  at  Uxhridge,  and  after  leaving  school  engaged  in 
teaching  at  ^s.T)!)  per  month  in  winter,  an<l  woi  Red  on  a  farm  hy 
the  month  in  summer,  receiving  if4o  per  m<»nth.  For  two  and  a 
half  years  he  traveled  throughout  the  Midtlle  and  Western  States, 
a  distance  of  13,000  miles,  visiting  many  |)oint>«  of  interust.  In 
1S25  he  visited  .\nn  .\rl»or,  Mich.,  and  whi.e  there  entered  1«)0 
acres  of  l.md  eight  milus  north,  in  l)exter  townshij).  May  >,  l.s;'.7, 
he  nnirried  Kliza  A.  Taft  and  they  had  two  children, — Ailaline, 
deceased,  ajid  Augusta.  Mr.  A.  came  t<j  l*ike  county  in  1838  and 
settle<I  on  sec.  1^,  this  township  Mrs.  Aldrich  died  April  3o, 
1871.  She  was  a  woman  of  fine  education  and  a  worthv  memher 
of  the  M.  K.  Church. 

S'li'iih  Allen  was  horn  in  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  Jan.  21,  1828,  and  is 
the  daughter  of  John  liurlend,  decejised.  who  brought  his  family  to 
America  in  1>31,  and,  like  all  pioneers,  endured  many  hardships. 
He  die<l  April  4,  1871,  age<l  ss  ywirs.  Mrs.  Allen  was  married 
May  4.  IS.'»2,  to  Fnuicis  Allen,  and  they  had  4  chihiren, — Charlotte 
M.,  John  W.;  deceased,  Francis  E.  and  David  Franklin.  Charlotte  is 
married  to  Sylvester  Thompson,  and  t  '  near  Pittsfield.  Mr. 
Allen  wa>  a  fanner  oti  sec.  1«»  until  hi.  .;..:;i.  which  occurre«l  July 
23,  1874.  He  belonged  to  the  Episcopal  Church,  and  was  a  pr<»mi- 
nent  and  worthy  citizen. 

George  P.  liechdoUlt  was  Ujrn  in  (.iernjaTiy  Marcii  2n,  I?>2^,  the 
son  of  Jac«»b  1*..  who  came  to  America  with  his  family  in  1837, 
and  settled  in  Little  York,  l*a.,  where  he  remained  until  1839, 
when  he  removed  tx»  Calhoun  county,  III.,  and  die<l  the  same  year, 
leaving  a  wid«»w  and  8  chihlren,  who  had  to  endure  many  hardships 
and  privations.  Two  of  the  children  had  married  and  remained 
in  the  East.  Geo.  P.  is  the  9th  of  II  children;  his  educjiti<»n  was 
principally  in  (ierman,  before  he  came  to  America.  April  10, 
1851,  he  married  Frances  S.  Price,  daughter  of  Rolx^rt  Price,  well 
known  in  the  early  settlement  of  Scott  and  McDonough  counties. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  431 

She  was  born  May  29,  1S34,  in  McDonou^h  Co.,  111.  They  liave 
had  11  children,  of  whom  9  are  living — Julia,  Helen,  Theodore, 
Maria,  Anna,  Esther,  Ettie,  Edith  and  Frederick.  Mr.  B.  is  a 
prominent  farmer  and  stock-raiser  on  the  north  iV  of  S.  E.  ^  of  see. 
32.     P.  O.,  Milton. 

Dr.  W?/i.  Cohel  was  born  in  Middle  Tennessee  May  30,  1826,  the 
son  of  Geo.  A.  and  Mary  Cobel,  who  emigrated  with  their  family 
to  Hendricks  county,  Ind.,  in  1833.  The  doctor  is  a  graduate  of  hotii 
the  Keokuk  (regular)  Medical  College  and  of  the  Eclectic  Medical 
College,  of  Cincinnati,  O.,  and  began  })ractice  in  1859.  He  has 
lost  but  one  case  out  of  300  in  the  last  12  months,  and  that  was  a 
chronic  case  of  heart-disease.  He  settled  in  the  town  of  Detroit, 
tliis  county,  in  1873;  in  1878  he  met  with  an  accident,  dislocating 
his  hip  joint,  but  he  still  continues  to  ride  day  and  night.  Nov. 
21,  1851,  he  married  Elizabeth  J.  McClure,  and  of  their  5  children 
only  2  are  living,  Wm.  M.  and  Fannie  A.  Mrs.  Cobel  died  Nov. 
12,  1878,  aftering  a  lingering  illness  of  22  years'  standing.  She 
was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  a  faithful  and  respected 
worker  in  the  moral  interests  of  society.  Wm.  M.  Cobel  is  now 
teaching  school  near  Detroit. 

John  L.  Crat^ens  was  born  Jan.  1,  184'1,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind., 
the  son  of  John  C.  Cravens,  of  the  same  State;  was  educated  at 
Hanover  College,  Ind.;  he  chose  the  profession  of  teaching,  enter- 
ing upon  this  work  in  1866;  he  taught  three  terms  in  Boone 
county.  Mo.,  when  he  went  to  college  until  1870,  and  then  to  Wa- 
pello Co.,  Iowa,  where  he  raised  a  crop,  and  in  September  he 
returned  to  Boone  county,  Mo.;  taught  school  until  1875,  when  he 
came  to  Pike  Co.,  and  now  has  charge  of  the  Toil-Gate  school,  dis- 
trict 4,  in  this  township.  In  the  late  war  he  served  4  months  in 
Co.  K,  137th  111.  Vol.  Inf.,  and  was  honorably  discharged.  In  1873 
he  married  Elizabeth  D.  Snyder,  of  I>oone  county,  Mo.,  and  their 
two  children  are  Lillian  B.  and  W.  Guy. 

Thomas  Dalhy^  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  5,  was  born  in 
England  in  1853,  the  son  of  David  and  Sarah  Dal  by,  deceased.  His 
brother  James  was  in  the  73d  Keg.,  I.  \.  I.,  under  Capt.  Davidson, 
of  Griggsville;  was  taken  prisoner  and  confined  in  the  pen  at  An- 
dersonville,  where  he  died  from  starvation.  He  lost  another  brother, 
Joseph,  who  died  from  a  wound  received  by  a  saw-log  rolling  off  a 
wao:on  and  catchino'him;  so  that  Mr.  D.  now  has  no  brother  in  Amer- 
ica.  Aug.  27,1849,  Mr.  D.  married  Hannah  Burland,  who  was  burn 
in  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  in  1853.  Mr.  Dalby  is  the  owner  of  400  acres 
of  land. 

James  ^V.  Dempsey  was  born  in  Chillicothe,  O.,  Aug.  20,  1834, 
the  son  of  Coleman  Dempsey,  v.dio  emigrated  to  Missouri  in  1854. 
After  spending  two  years  in  Texas,  erecting  telegraph  wire  from 
Galveston  to  Houston,  and  thence  to  Shreveport  on  Red  river, 
James  W.  returned  to  Missouri.  By  pi-ofession  he  is  a  ei\il  engi- 
neer, and  by  trade  a  gunsmith.  He  is  a  "natural  genius.''  He 
came  to  Pike  county  in  1856,  where  he  followed  engineering  mostly 


432  HISTORY    »)F    PIKK   CODNTT. 

for  11  years.  In  187«>  lie  be^au  tnuliii<;  in  j;ums,  umiuunition,  etc., 
in  Detroit,  and  aUu  dealt  in  6|)ortin«;good!«,  cit^ars,  toi>acco  andc4>n- 
tectionery:  he  n<t\v  has  a  lull  supply  of  dry  ^oo«ls,  jjroccriea, 
hardware  and  CiMit'ectinnory,  the  stock  hein^  ahont  $8, (>(»()  in  value. 
His  trade  is  increasing.  Aui;.  22,  ls5»;,  he  married  Minerva,  dau<^h- 
ter  of  Jesse  Sintf,  decea.'ied.td"  Detroit.  They  inul  f<nir  children,  of 
whom  Ijut  one,  Harry,  is  living,  wlio  was  horn  Dec  11.  ISGs. 
Mrs.   D.  «iied  May  2<>,  lS7l>,  tnourned  hy  all  who  knew  her. 

A/i-in  I'irtjinit'  /h'n-Kmort\  teacher,  was  horn  Dec.  '2i),  lH53,*in 
Hardin  t«>wnshi|».  Her  father,  Jtdin  C'.  Dinsinore, deceased,  was  Cap- 
tain of  Co.  K,  90th  I.  V.  I.,  in  the  Iiehelli(»n,  and  was  also  an  of- 
ti<'er  in  the  Me.xican  war,  participntin<>:  in  the  hattle^  i»f  Huemi 
Vista.  (\'rro  (iordi*  and  others,  and  saw  Col.  Hardin  fall.  He  tlied 
in  Kehruary,  1^74,  on  the  oKl  homestead  near  Time,  tliis  county. 
J^Iiss  Dinsinore  has  Ik-cii  a  teacher  for  7  years,  and  now  has  chargo 
of  the  prinmry  de]»artmont  of  the  Detroit  scIumjIs,  She  is  well  liked 
as'an  instructor  and  disciplinarian. 

Willi iin  Jfoiitjiig  was  horn  .March  1>,  l?^17,  in  New  Galloway, 
Kirkcudhri^htihire,  Scothnui,  where  ho  receive<l  A  cx>minon-Be)iool 
e<lueation,  and  came  to  America  in  lSd6,  stoppin;;  in  the  Kast  for 
several  years.  Dec.  13,  1S41,  he  marrie<l  Permelia,  daughter  of 
EdmiMni  Strawn,  who  came  to  thiscotinty  in  ls3'>,just  in  time  to  suf- 
fer the  privations  of  theiHJvere  winter  of  the  deep  snow.  Mrs.  Doug- 
las was  lH)rn  in  (tuilford  Co.,  X.  C,  Aug.  25,  1S23.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
D.  have  had  12  chihiren,  of  whom  7  are  living, —  An«lrt?w,  Mary, 
hMmund,  Jcdm  T.,  Churchwell,  William  W.  and  James  S.  The  4 
ehlest  are  marriiil.  Mr.  Douglas  is  a  mechanic  hy  trade,  in  which 
capacity  he  wrought  during  tlie  earlier  portion  of  his  life,  but  is 
now  a  prominent  farmer  ami  stock-raiser  on  sec.  33.  He  spent  one 
vear  in  Canada  aiul  o  vears  in  Missouri.  He  helpe<l  erect  the  State 
University  in  the  latter  State,  and  al&o  assist.d  in  the  erection  of 
the  first  n'lill  in  PittsHeld  in  \y>VJ. 

John  W.  Dunniicau  wa.s  Iwirn  in  (tallatin  county,  Ky.,  Jan.  17, 
1>^34,  the  Son  of  David  and  Annie  (Crow)  Dunniway.  They  came 
to  l*ike  county  in  ls;irt,  settlingon  sec.  18, enduring  the  usual  liard- 
ship-s  of  that  tlay,  their  houses  consisting  of  little  log  cabins,  etc. 
They  came  by  boat,  having  sent  their  teams  through  by  laml,  and 
when  the  teams  arrived  the  hair  was  all  worn  off  the  horses'  legs, 
So  terrible  were  the  roads  and  swamj)s  through  which  they  passed. 
Mr.  D.  died  March  5,  1>00,  at  the  age  of  09  years,  and  Mrs.  D.  re- 
sides with  her  son  on  the  old  home  place,  at  the  age  of  77.  She 
wa-  born  in  Clark  county,  Ky.  John  W.  was  married  Nov.  29. 
1S55.  to  Julia  A.,  daughter  of  David  Rupart.  wlio  came  to  Pike 
county  in  1S40.  Tiiey  have  4  ciiildren,  viz:  Mary  E.,  William  A., 
David  F.  and  Frederick  A.     .Mr.  D.  is  a  farmer   and   stock-raiser. 

Jai/ies  W.  Ellin,  a  native  of  this  tp.,  was  born  Oct.  10,  l.^.'i"<.  and 
is  the  son  of  Thomas  FHis.  deceased,  and  brother  of  John  and  T.  B. 
Ellis.  He 'received  his  education  in  a  log  cabin  known  as  "mud 
college,"  raised  a  farmer,  and  knows  all  about  heavy  work  in  pio- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  433 

neer  times.  Dec.  28,  1869,  he  married  Miss  C.  J.  Phillips,  daughter 
of  James  Phillips,  of  this  tp.,  and  they  have  had  2  children,  Charlie, 
deceased,  and  Lillian.     Mr.  Ellis  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  16. 

John  B  E'lis  was  born  Oct.  17,  183-i,  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  the 
son  of  Thomas  Ellis,  deceased,  who  brought  his  family  to  this  county 
in  1836.  John  B's  mother,  Elizabeth  Ellis,  still  resides  on  the  old 
liomestead,  at  the  age  of  74.  Nov.  6,  1862,  Mr.  E,  married  Ellen 
Croft,  daughter  of  Georga  Croft,  of  Montezuma  tp.,  and  their  7 
children  are.  Ellen  E.,  Thomas  G.,  John  W.,  Peter  J.,  David  C, 
Annie  S.  and  Mary  E.  Mr.  Ellis  is  a  farmer  and  stock- raiser  on 
sec.  16. 

Thomas  Ellis^  deceased,  was  born  in  the  village  of  Milton,  Oxford- 
shire, Eng.,  Dec.  18,  1808;  educated  in  the  village  school,  and  March 
16,  1832,  married  Elizabeth  Brooks,  and  they  have  had  7  children: 
Thomas  B.,  John  B.,  Peter,  James  W.,  Elizabeth  A.,  Harriott  and 
Ellen  J.,  deceased.  Mrs  Ellis  was  born  July  15, 1804,  in  Shipton,  Ox- 
fordshire, Eng.;  they  came  to  America  in  1832,  locating  at  Lock- 
port,  N.  Y.,  where  they  remained  until  1835,  when  they  removed 
to  this  county;  resided  on  a  rented  farm  one  year;  then  purchased 
80  acres  at  a  sale  of  school  land  in  Detroit  tp.,  where  Mrs.  Ellis 
still  resides.     Mr.  E.  died  March  21,  1868. 

Thomas  B.  Ellis  was  born  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  Kov.  8,  1832,  son 
of  the  preceding;  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  15.  Oct.  9,  1873,  he  married 
Fannie  Allen,  daughter  of  J.  W.  Allen,  of  Milton.  Their  4  chil- 
dren are  Thomas  II.,  John  A.,  Charles  I.  and  Elizabeth,  Mr.  Ellis 
served  3  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  C,  99th  L  V.  I.,  participating 
in  the  siege  of  Yicksburg  and  in  other  engagements;  he  was  taken 
prisoner  while  on  a  scouting  expedition  in  Texas  near  Victoria;  he 
was  held  in  camp  in  Camp  Ford,  Texas,  for  6  months  and  then  ex- 
changed.    He  was  discharged  in  1865. 

Bernard  W.  Flinn^  farmer,  sec.  5,  and  the  present  County  Treas- 
urer, was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  29,  1814,  the  son  of 
John  Flinn,  deceased,  who  was  a  native  of  Ireland;  he  was  brought 
by  his  parents  to  Morgan  county,  O.,  in  1819,  where  they  remained 
until  1826,  and  then  were  in  Zanesville,  O.,  until  1839;  a  portion  of 
this  time  he  engaijed  in  wholesale  drv  sroods,  and  afterward  in  the 
mercantile  business  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.  In  1841  he  moved  to 
Cincinnati.  O.,  and  became  proprietor  of  the  St.  Charles  House;  in 
1852  he  removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  to  Pike  county  in  October, 
1856,  settling  on  sec.  5,  this  tp.,  where  he  still  resides,  owning  3S5 
acres  of  land.  In  February,  1841,  he  married  Sarah  Brownell,  and 
they  have  had  8  children,  of  whom  5  are  living,  namely:  James,  who 
married  Charlotte  Stephens  and  resides  at  Pana,  111.;  Esley,  now 
Mrs.  James  Dimmitt,  of  Detroit  tp. ;  Cornelia,  Lewis  H.  and  Charles. 
Mr.  Flinn  was  elected  Treasurer  at  the  November  election  in  1879 
by  a  majority  of  323  votes. 

Norton  Foreman,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  31;  was  born 
Aug.  2,  1843,  in  ISewburg  township,  this  county,  and  is  the  son  of 
James  Foreman,  who  came  to  this  county  in  early  day;  was  edu- 


434  HISTORY    OK    PIKK    i^OlNTV. 

cuited  ill  Detroit  ami  reared  on  a  farm,  Dec.  17,  18G3,  he  married 
Sarah  E.,  daiiirlitor  of  James  Hond,  of  I*iatt  county,  111.  Tiit-ir  5 
chiMmi  art'  William,  ilames  F.,  Aiini*.',  Nt'llie  and  Edwin. 

Townstiid  J'ontftan,  farmer,  was  i»orn  .Inly  28,  1S45,  in  New- 
liiiri;  tt).,  this  county,  the  eon  of  James  W.  and  Jane  Foreman; 
WK8  raised  on  a  farm  ami  received  a  coininon-school  education; 
May  15,  iSfJT.  he  married  Mary  J.  Cioldman.  lie  was  a  merehant 
in  l)etr(»it  4  or  .'»  year^,  then  a  farmer  until  1874.  when  he  moved 
to  Eewivtown,  Fulton  county,  111.,  where  he  again  en<jaged  in  mer- 
chatidifeinij  "2  years;  he  sold  out  and  entere<l  the  livery  husiness  in 
that  jtlaee;  he  then  returned  to  Detroit,  where  he  is  engaged  in 
larining.  He  is  also  proprietor  <»f  an '*  Eelipse  "  thresher,  wliicli  he 
(»per;ites  eaeh  season  to  the  entire  satibfaetion  of  his  many  patrons. 

,/arnts  K.  French  was  born  Oct.  25,  1832,  in  Indiana,  and  is  the 
si»n  of  Jacoh  Freneh,  decease*!,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1834. 
settling  in  (Jriggsville  t«»wnship;  received  his  e<iucntion  in  an  old 
log  eahin,  in  a  subtcripliim  school  at  a  di^tance  of  4  or  U  miles 
from  Imme.  Nov.  lo,  1850,  he  married  Caroline  C.  Madden, 
daughter  of  ]^»nham  A.  Madden,  an  early  settler  (»f  the  Illinois 
river  valley.  Mrs.  French  was  horn  Feh.  10,  1833,  in  Indiana. 
Their  4  children  are  (ieorge  N.,  wh«»  married  Frances  Thackston, 
and  resides  in  (ireene  c«»unty.  III.;  llonrv  C,  who  married  Mari- 
etta .MeEvers,  and  resides  near  Montezuma;  M.  E.  and  William  .\. 
Mr.  Freneh  is  a  farmer  atid  stoek-rai-^er on  see.  32. 

/''/»</ 7*.  /'/y/i<7j,  P.O.,  Florence,  was  iM.rn  Sej.temher  20,  1832, 
in  Harrison  county,  In<l..  and  was  hrought  tct  this  county  hy  his 
parents  al>out  1842;  wh.s  reure<l  on  a  farm  and  is  now  engage«l 
in  farming,  and  alt-o  lias  a  half  interest  in  the  Florence  horse 
ferry.  Dec.  20,  185.'?,  he  married  Mary  E.,  daughter  of  Edward 
Farthing,  dewa^eii,  and  of  their  y  children  only  4  are  living,  namely: 
Wm.  P.,  Nancy  J.,  Eilwartl  and  Annie.  ^Mr.  French  traded  in  live 
stock  and  tollowed  general  inerchaixlising  in  Florence  for  several 
years,  l)Ut  his  health  failing,  he  had  to  chantje  hiisines?. 

Klizabtth  (ii'li/man,  widow  of  the  late  Ijenjamin  (f<»ldman,  was 
born  in  Clark  county  Ky.,  Dec  29.  1S3(»,  the  daughter  of  David 
and  Anna  Dtinniway,  who  brought  their  family  of  5  children  to 
this  county  in  l83(>,  settling  on  sec.  7,  this  township,  where;  Mrs. 
r)unniway  still  resides,  at  the  age  of  77.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  (ioldman 
were  marrie<l  Nov,  26,  1848,  in  this  township,  and  of  tlicir  4  chil- 
dren 3 are  living,  Mary  J.,  Julia  C.  and  Elizal>eth  D.  Julia  mar- 
ried Taylor  Foreman,  who  is  managing  the  farm  of  his  mother-in- 
law.  .\Ir.  Cioldman  was  born  Dee.  24,  ls24,  in  Clark  county,  Ky., 
and  is  the  son  of  AI»raham  and  Susannah  (loldmaii,  deceased,  who 
brought  hira  to  Pike  county  in  early  day,  where  he  was  brought  up 
on  a  farm  amid  all  the  privations  of  pioneer  times.  He  was  a 
Class  Leader  in  the  M.  E.  Church  for  many  years.  An  eminent 
Chrir-tian  and  a  wnrthv  head  of  the  family.  His  death  occurred 
October  20.   1874. 

Elizahfth   A.    (roldi/uin  was   born   in  this  count v   Januarv   31, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  435 

1841,  and  is  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Ellis,  deceased,  and  a  sister 
of  John  and  Thomas  li.  Ellis,  of  this  township,  elsewhere  noticed. 
Jan.  2,  1852,  she  married  Josiah  Goldman,  and  S  of  their  9  chil- 
dren arc  living,  viz:  John,  Millicent,  Fannie,  Ilettie,  Thomas,  Jane, 
Ellen  and  James  Monroe.     John  is  superintending  the  farm. 

Wm.  C.  Hall  was  born  May  29,  1844,  in  this  county,  and  is  the 
son  of  T.  L.  Hall,  of  early  day  here,  who  came  in  1828,  when  he 
had  to  go  to  Atlas,  a  distance  of  26  miles,  to  mill.  He  taught  the 
first  sin<rin<i:-school  in  Atlas,  said  to  be  the  first  in  the  countv.  In 
1840  he  built  a  saw-mill  on  Little  Blue  creek,  lie  was  brought 
up  a  Presbyterian,  but  during  the  latter  part  of  his  life  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Church.  His  death  occurred  January  5,  1872, 
Wm.  C.  was  reared  on  a  farm  in  early  day,  having  all  the  usual 
experiences  ot  clearing  \\oo<\.  land.  October  9,  1866,  he  married 
Xellie,  daughter  of  John  S.  Shmn,  of  Griggsville,  and  they  have 
one  little  boy,  Willy.  Mr.  Hall  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  on 
sec.  16. 

Jaines  D.  Ileavner,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  32;  I*.  O.  ^Ill- 
ton;  was  born  Jan.  7,  1835,  in  this  county,  and  is  the  son  of  Jacob 
Ileavner,  who  emigrated  with  his  family  to  Sangamon  county  in 
1827, and  to  this  county  in  18-8;  he  was  a  soldier  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war.  under  Abraham  Lincoln.  He  died  in  1867.  James  D.  was 
married  Nov.  4,  1858,  to  Matilda,  daughter  of  Manley  Thomas,  an 
early  settler.  Of  their  7  children  the  following  6  are  living:  Clara, 
Lizzie,  Maggie,  Nannie,  Dovie  and  Mattie. 

Samuel  Lightle  was  brought  to  this  county  when  a  boy  by  his 
parents  in  1835;  educated  in  the  old-fashioned  subscription  school; 
married,  Dec.  31,  1858,  Martha,  daughter  of  Coleman  Dempsey,  of 
Pike  county.  Mo.  Of  their  10  children  these  8  are  living:  Mary 
A.,  Isaac  S.,  Clara  II.,  John  W.,  Annettie  J.,  Charlotte  M.,  Nellie 
E.  and  James  W.     Mr.  L.  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  8.    P.  O.,  Detroit. 

Stewart  Lindsey,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  31,  owning  200 
acres  of  land,  was  born  Oct.  1,"  1808,  in  Scott  count}',  Ky.,  and  is 
the  son  of  Robert  Lindsey,  who  emigrated  with  his  parents  from 
Virginia  to  Kentucky  in  17SS.  Stewart's  grandfather,  Aaron  Rey- 
nolds, was  one  of  Daniel  Boone's  associates  as  an  earlv  settler  of 
Kentucky.  His  mother  was  born  in  a  fort  called  Craig's  Station, 
in  Woodford  county,  Ky.  He  was  educated  in  a  log  cabin  with  a 
triangular  fire-place  across  one  end  of  the  room,  with  a  window  ten 
feet  in  lenorth  and  one  litrht  hio:h.  The  text  books  consisted  of  a 
Webster's  speller,  Testament  and  Guthrie's  Arithmetic.  The  seats 
consisted  of  split  logs  with  legs  fastened  in  them.  Jan.  27,  1835, 
he  married  Mary  Hays,  and  they  had  10  children,  of  whom  9  are 
living,— Falissa  A..,  John  W.,  Newton  J.,  James,  Oscar,  Mary, 
Robert,  Charles  and  Frank.  The  name  of  the  deceased  was  Samuel. 
Four  of  his  sons  were  in  the  late  war;  Samuel  was  a  j)risoner  at 
Andersonville,  where  he  contracted  a  disease  that  caused  his  death. 
The  others  were  honorably  discharged. 

Aaron  Loveless  was  born  in  Medina  county,  O.,  Dec.  7,  1883, 


436  UISldKV     '"F    riKK    ((trNTY. 

and  is  the  son  of  Win.  Loveless,  of  Detroit  tp.,  wlio  brought  his 
family  to  this  county  in  1830.  Oct.  1:1,  1858,  lie  was  married  to 
Kcbtvca  Yelliott.  daui^hter  of  Luke  Velliott.  She  is  a  native  of 
England,  and  was  born  in  184U.  Mr.  Lovt'lcss  is  a  fanner  and 
resides  on  sec.  7;  ho  is  also  proprietor  of  a  portable  saw-mill,  which 
he  has  successfully  operated  for  two  years,  and  which  is  now  situ- 
ated on  Cieero  Scobv's  farm,  betwetMi  Pittstirld  and  (Triggsville. 
Mr.  and  Mr."<.  Loveless  have  had  ."»  cliiMren,  of  whom  4  are  living, 
— Addie,  Alliert.  Wesley  and  Clayton. 

Wrn.  LoveUss  was  born  in  Monmouth  county,  N.  J.,  Oct.  20, 
181»>;  was  brought  by  hi.s  parriits  to  Mt-tlir.a  county,  ().,  in  l^'.'JO, 
where  he  remaiiiid  until  he  attained  hi^<  majority,  when  lif  marritd 
Hebocra  Siivder,  Feb.  *_'2,  ls;5S.  Tlu-v  emi'Mati-d  to  this  county  in 
ls31>.  -Mr.  I..ovelc8s  is  a  niechanie,  and  worketi  in  various  places  in 
this  county  for  several  years.  Alumt  1848  he  purchased  a  farm  on 
sec.  IS,  Detroit  tp.,  but  has  resided  in  this  tp.  all  the  time.  They 
resided  in  Koekp<>rt,this  c^«unty,  t'.ir  about  :'•  years,  and  in  Wiscon- 
sin for  5i  years,  where  ho  pursued  his  profes8i«»n.  .Mr.  and  Mrs. 
I.iOveless  have  3  chihireii-, —  Aaron,  Wilson  and  Kmily.  Aaron 
married  lii-becca  Velliott,  of  this  tp.;  WiUoii  nuirried  Nellie  Ole- 
8on,  and  resides  in  Oak  county.  Wis.;  ami  Kmily  niMni.d  James 
Shriver,  and  resi<les  in  the  itouso  with  her  parents. 

Samutl  S.  JfcAt^e  was  born  near  IJaltimore,  Md...Iuly  'Jli,  1*^55. 
and  is  the  son  of  Samuel  I.  McAtee,  of  Shelby  county.  Mo.  He 
Was  edueated  in  the  coimnon  schools  of  Missouri,  where  his  parents 
took  him  in  ls;>7,  and  in  ls72  canu'  to  Pike  Co.,  and  to  Detroit  in 
IST.*).  where  he  engago«l  in  the  manufacture  of  wag<»ns.  iti  which  he 
ha-s  been  successful.  Dec.  24,  1877,  he  married  OIlie  Samlerson, 
<lauirhter  of  Keubi*n  Santierson,  of  Detroit. 

H  m.  J/</(»/v  WHS  born  in  Detroit,  Pike  Co..  III.,  Dec.  21>,  1S.')3, 
and  is  llie  son  of  Wni.  Moore,  of  Detroit  tp.  lie  was  reare«I  on  a 
farm,  and  at  the  age  o(  21  was  appronticeil  to  A.  F.  Reinika,  a 
blacksmith  of  Detroit,  and  in  Is78  he  began  business  for  himself, 
and  has  a  goiwl  tnide.  lie  .ilso  m.imi  fact  tin  s  wultods  in  ccdiij'any 
with   Mr.  McAtee. 

George  J/.  AV.  Ay.  P.  ().,  Detroit,  a  native  of  this  county,  was 
born  March  1,  1>3'.».  where  Detroit  tiow  stands.  His  father,  Ilenry 
Neelev,  was  a  resilient  of  liorse-Shoe  Iieiid,on  the  Sangannjn  river, 
before  Illinois  was  a  State.  In  1-821  he  went  up  in  a  keel-boat  to  a 
French  trading  post  on  tlic  L'^pper  .Mississippi.  lie  emigrated  with 
his  father,  Joseph  Xitdey,  from  Xorth  Carolina  to  Tennessee,  where 
they  remained  several  years,  when  Joseph  Ne<ley  emigrated  to 
Illinois,  and  soon  after  was  followed  by  his  son.  Henry,  who  came 
to  Pike  Co.  in  1831  and  settled  on  sec.  IS,  Detroit  tp.  Henry  saw 
the  first  house  erected  in  Pittslield.  and  states  that  the  parties  erect- 
ting  it  began  at  the  top  of  the  rafters  to  lay  on  the  roof.  Mr.  Neeley 
died  Aug.  1,  1S»'>9,  at  the  place  where  he  first  settie*l  in  Pike  Co. 
Geo.  M.  was  married  April  4,  1861,  to  Lizzie  Mclver,  by  whom  he 
had   2  children,  Alfred   and    Emma.     He  again  married  Sept.  10, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  437 

1874,  Lizzie  Stephens,  claii(2;liter  of  Elijah  Stephens,  of  Jasper 
county,  Mo.  They  have  2  children, — Lillie  and  (iiior'^a  Arthur. 
Mr.  Is'eeley  is  a  farmer;  also  proprietor  of  the  Detroit  House  in 
Detroit;  he  spent  about  IS  years  of  his  life  in  Texas,  Mexico  and 
the  Southern  States,  and  while  there  served  three  years  in  the  Con- 
federate army.     He  is  now  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Detroit  tp. 

Henry  Perry ^  farmer  and  st(jck- raiser,  was  born  in  Manchester, 
Enor.,  Dec.  10,  184i»,  and  is  the  son  of  John  Perry,  deceased.  He 
came  to  America  in  1856  and  settled  in  Detroit  t[).,  where  he  still 
resides.  July  14,  1859,  he  married  Sarah  H.,  daughter  of  Amos 
Taylor,  a  pioneer  of  this  Co.  They  have  had  9  ciiildren:  8  are 
livinj^, — Maria,  Laura  A.,  John  H.,  Rosa  M.,  Elizabeth  II.,  Wm.  M., 
Mattie  M.  and  Lillie  M.  The  name  of  the  deceased  was  Robt.  H.:  he 
accidentally  shot  himself  with  a  gun  while  climbing  a  fence  in  the 
fall  of  1878.  Mr.  Perry  served  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  I,  99th  Reg. 
L  V.  L  and  ])articipated  in  the  battle  of  Ilartsville.  Mo.,  where  he 
received  a  slight  wound,  and  iu  the  campaign  of  Vicksburg.  He 
was  discharged  in  1865. 

James  1  hillips  was  born  in  Cherry  Valley,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y., 
March  12,  1812,  and  is  the  son  of  Bjirnabas  Phillips,  dec.  He  came 
to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1837jand  settled  in  the  town  of  Griggs- 
ville.  His  tatlier  was  a  soldier  iu  the  war  of  1812.  He  worked  in 
a  flouring  mill  at  intervals  for  about  10  years,  then  settled  on  sec. 
21,  Detroit  tp.,  wli'ere  he  still  resides  a  prominent  farmer.  Dec. 
29,  1842,  he  married  Armina  Hughes:  they  have  had  9  children,  8 
of  whom  are  living, — Clarissa  J.,  Edward  D.,  Francis  M.,  Martha  E., 
Lucinda  C,  Mary  C.,Owen  R.  and  James  M.  Mr.  Phillips  is  a  very 
worthy  citizen. 

A.  F.  lieinika,  blacksmith,  was  born  in  Germany,  Sept.  15, 
1848,  and  is  the  son  of  Simon  Reinika.  of  Pittsfield;  was  reared  on 
a  farm  until  17  years  of  age;  was  then  apprenticed  to  August  Sit- 
ler,  a  shoemaker  of  Detroit,  but  the  trade  not  being  pleasant  to 
him  he  went  back  to  farming,  which  he  pursued  2  years,  when  he 
engaged  upon  a  saw-mill  for  9  months  ;  he  then  apprenticed 
himself  to  Conrad  Winant,  a  blacksmith  of  Pittsfield,  with  whom 
he  worked  18  months;  then  went  back  to  the  farm  again  for  one 
season,  then  went  to  work  for  Geo.  Carrier,  a  blacksmith  of  Pitts- 
field. In  Oct.  1872,  he  began  business  for  himself  in  Detroit, 
where  he  still  remains,  deling  a  large  business.  Nov.  27,  1871,  he 
married  Mary  E.  Ayers,  and  their  4  children  are  Allie  M.,  Harry 
O.,  Lurie  and  Wm.  A. 

Wm.  Reynolds  was  born  in  Gallia  county,  O.,  Oct.,  1825,  and 
came  to  Pike  Co.  in  1840;  was  raised  on  a  farm;  served  21 
months  in  the  Mexican  war,  then  returned  to  Ohio  and  married 
Susan  Fry,  by  whom  he  had  12  children,  of  these  10  are  living, — 
Geo.  W.,  Wm.  L.,  Stephen  A.,  Frances  J.,  p]mily,  Maud,  Ilenr}' 
and  JSlarv.  Mr.  R.  returned  to  Illinois  in  1850,  and  now  resides 
on  sec.  4,  Detroit  tp.,  in  the  Big  Blue  valley,  and  is  engaged  in 
farming.     He  was  2d  Lieutenant  in    Co.  B.  68th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  in 


438  HISTORY    OF    riKK    CtiUXTY. 

the  hito  war.  About  1854  or  1855  he  eii^a<;e(l  in  hiiek-hiyin^ 
and  iissistt'd  in  hivini;  the  hriek  in  nil  the  principal  imildin^s  in 
Pittstield,  (iri^^i^svillii.  Perry  and  New  Salem,  np  to  about  1870. 

Joseph  lih'nles,  tanner,  sec.  6,  was  l)orn  in  Yorkshire,  En^.,  Jan. 
8,  1824;  learned  the  business  of  ii  W(»ol-stapler  under  Mi-.  Atkin 
Son;  then  worke«l  as  ioiirneviMan  until  18-tS.  when  he  came  to 
Arnerieii  and  worked  with  one  Greenijanks,  ot"  New  Kn<;laiul,  until 
185<),  and  then  came  to  Pike  county  and  settled  uptin  his  farm. 
Although  farmini;  was  entirely  new  to  liiin  he  lias  l)y  ^ood  sense, 
Imrd  Work  and  econoinv  nuide  for  himself  a  nice  farm  of  100  acres. 
He  is  a  proniinent  tanner  in  this  tp.  ami  makes  wheat  raising  a 
speciality.  In  1844  he  married  Martha,  dan;;hter  of  .lames  Wli  it- 
Held,  a  iiind  for  Arthur  Ileywood,  a  larrje  land-owner  in  Euij^land. 
Their  Ochildrofi  are  William.  Henry,  Charles,  Albert  E.,  Manuletta, 
Daniel  E.,  Sarah  J.  and  Mary  .1.  (twins\  and  Julia  A.  Mrs. 
lihodes  also  is  a  native  of  Yorkshire  and  was  born  July  10,  1823. 

]|'///<V//«  *5<i«</«' /•*(>;*  was  b«»rn  Dec.  2S,  1826,  in  Highland  Co, 
O.,  and  is  the  son  of  Goor^  Sanderson,  dec;  was  reared  on  a  tarm. 
receiveti  a  common  school  education,  came  to  Pike  county  in  lsr>5, 
where  he  still  resitles,  on  sec.  3n,  this  tp.  In  Nov.,  1848,  he  mar- 
rie<i  Sarah  Paris,  and  their  children  arc  .Mva  0.  and  Uufiis  A. 
Mrs.  Sanderson  died  in  1852.  Sept.  17,  1857,  Mr  S.  married  Jane, 
dauifhter  of  .lohrj  A.  Williams,  dec,  who  whs  a  native  of  North 
Carolina  ami  settled  in  this*  County  in  the  fall  of  ls;^0,  jn>t  in  time 
to  help  wado  through  the  "  d«'ep  snow."  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Saiulerson 
have  5  children:  (iillH-rt  C,  Linnie  L.,  Orin  U.,  Willy  A.  and  Clara 
B.  Mr.  Sanderson's  father  wjw  a  soMier  in  the  war  of  1812.  His 
widow  draws  a  pension  and  resides  amotip  her  children. 

Joshtii  A".  St((<>n\  P.  (>.,  Detroit;  was  Ixrn  N«»v.  25,  ls24,  in 
Lincoln  Co.,  Mo.,  the  son  of  Jesse  Sitton,  who  broiij^ht  his  family 
iiere  in  1S'J8,  and  died  in  the  fall  of  1832,  a  Baptist  minister.  He 
preache<l  all  over  Pike  county  an<i  in  the  counties  of  Mori^an  and 
Sangamon.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1^12,  and  was  in  the 
battle  «»f  New  Orlean.**  under  (ieii.  Jackson.  Oct.  6.  1847,  Joshua 
K.  was  married  to  Mary  A.  Heavner,  dau<jhter  of  Jacoi>  lieavner, 
dec,  an  early  settler  in  this  State.  They  have  had  6  children,  of 
whom  only  3  are  livinj^,  namely,  Jes.^e,  Mary  E.  and  Annettie.  Mr. 
Sitton  is  a  farmer  and  stock -miser  on  eec.  20.  In  1S49  he  went 
overland  to  California  and  returned  in  1851.  He  served  18  months 
in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  C,  90th  I.  V.  I.,  and  particij»ated  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Ma';nolia  Hill,  Black  River,  Raymond,  Wilson  Creek,  siege 
of  Vicksburij  and  (tthers.  He  was  wounded  at  Vicksbur^,  in  con- 
sequence of  which  he  was  discharjred  in  180)4.  He  was  a  commis- 
sioned officer  all  the  time  he  served  in  the  army.  He  went  out  as 
First  Lieutenant  and  was  dischari^cd  as  Quartermaster. 

JIartj  J.  Sinith  was  born  in  Cumberlan<l  Co.,  Ky.,  Feb.  4,  1828, 
and  is  the  danorhter  of  Samuel  Baker,  who  broup;ht  his  family  to  this 
county  in  1834,  settling  on  sec.  33.  on  what  is  now  known  as  the 
"  Douglas  farm.''     He  died  in  March,  1837.     Marv  J.  was  married 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COCNTV.  43li 

Sept.  1,  18J:6,  to  Richard  R.  Smith.  :i  native  of  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  who 
was  horn  July  19,  1821  and  washrouf^ht  to  Morgan,  now  Scott  (vo., 
in.,  in  182S,  settling  in  Winchester,  lie  was  raised  on  the  farm, 
and  in  1848  came  to  Pike  county,  settling  on  sec  33,  Detroit  tp., 
where  he  resided  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  Oct.  19,  1862.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Smith  had  7  children,— 
Harriet  A.,  now  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Ihitler;  Sarah  J,  now  the  wife  of  Mr. 
A.  Armstrong;  Judith  Y.,  now  the  wid<jw  of  Mr.  A.  Landers; 
Mary  II.,  dec;  Martha  C,  now  Mrs.  Henry  T.  Bagby;  Wm.  S.  and 
Richard  D. 

Mrs.  Nancy  Smith.  This  lady's  father,  Samuel  Blake,  brought 
liis  family  to  this  county  in  1S33;  the  next  year  he  died,  leaving  a 
widow  and  7  small  children.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  has  there- 
fore seen  hard  times, — times  when  wolves  made  the  night  hideous, 
when  young  live-stock  had  to  be  kept  in  pens,  when  a  hewed-log 
house  was  consitlered  almost  an  exti'avagant  luxury,  and  when  mill- 
ing was  almost  impossible;  she  has  worked  in  the  field  at  picking 
brush,  rolling  logs,  building  fence,  gathering  corn,  etc.  She  built 
traps  and  caught  turkeys,  and  her  sister  Margaret  at  one  time  waded 
into  the  Little  Blue  creek,  waist  deep  in  the  water  with  an  ax  and 
killed  a  deer,  which  the  dogs  were  trying  to  drag  down;  several 
times  Mrs.  Smith  went  5  miles  to  mill  takinof  a  sack  of  corn  horse- 
back.  The  first  steam-boat  that  she  saw  on  the  Illinois  river  she 
remembers  was  the  "  Raccoon."  Feb.  9,  184:2,  she  married  (reorge 
V.  Stackpole,  a  native  of  Thomaston,  Maine,  who  died  Sej)t.  3,  1871 . 
He  was  Capt.  of  various  boats  on  the  Illinois  river;  filled  every 
position  on  boats  from  deck-hand  to  projirietor.  Our  subject  was 
again  married  Nov.  3,  1878,  this  time  to  Nathaniel  I*.  Smith,  who 
was  born  in  Ohio,  Oct.  16,  1823;  he  was  raised  a  farmer's  l)oy; 
taught  school  most  of  the  time  for  about  14  years;  came  to  this 
county  in  1873,  and  now  resides  on  sec.  28,  this  tp. 

Wiliiam  K.  Smith  is  a  native  of  Scott  C(junty,  Ky.,  born  Ajn'il 
4,  18u4;  can)e  to  M(jrgan  county,  111.,  in  1839,  where  he  followed 
farming  until  1851,  when  he  came  and  settled  on  sec.  33,  this 
township,  where  he  has  since  resided;  but  he  has  placed  the  fai'iii 
in  charge  of  his  son-in-law,  John  F.  Kingman.  In  July,  1825,  Mr. 
Smith  married  Lucinda  Kendrick,  and  they  have  had  one  child, 
James  W,,  now  living  in  Montezuma  tp.  Mrs.  Smith  died  Oct.  13, 
1841,  a  member  of  the  Cumberland  Pi'esbyterian  Church,  and  Mr. 
S.,  in  Oct.,  1843,  married  Elizabeth  Kendrick,  a  sister  of  his  former 
wife,  and  they  have  had  4  children,  of  whom  2  are  living, — Susan 
J.  (now  Mrs.  J.  F.  Kinman)  and  Joanna  I.  Mrs.  Smith  died  Oct. 
3,  1875,  a  worthy  meml^er  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Juines  Stoner  was  born  in  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  Nov.  21,  1827,  the 
son  of  Thomas  Stoner,  who  brought  his  family  to  America  in  1844, 
settling  in  this  townshi]),  whei-e  James  still  resides,  a  farmer  on 
sec.  17.  In  1856  he  married  Mary  A.,  daughter  of  George  Croft, 
of  Moiitezuma  tp.  They  have  2  children,  Ellen  and  Fi-ederick. 
Mrs.  S.  died  in  1865,  and  in  1866  Mr.  S.  married  Harriet,  daughter 


440  HirroKV    OF    I'IKE   COUNTY 

otMrs.  Klizjiltftli  Ellis,  of  this  towiisliijt;  tliriri'  c-liiMrt-ii  an-  Kaii- 
nie  Hiul  .lainop. 

Creed  Stratrn  wad  Ikitm  Sept.  9,  1S33,  in  tliia  county,  iiiul  i»J  tlie 
8o?i  (»t'  KdiimiK)  Stniwii.drceapiiMl,  who  came  to  thiseoiiiity  in  IMJO; 
July  12,  1S.')7.  Mr.  Ci»«d  Strawii  married  Ilt'U'n,  (lau^htor  of  Zach- 
ariali  ()vvul»y.  Her  ^raiulmolher  relates  this  iutert'istiii^  itu-ideiit: 
All  Itidiiiii  ehief  entered  the  hout»o  one  day,  and,  looking  at  the 
baliy  (  M In.  Strawn'ii  uncle)  which  wa«  lyin;^  in  the  cradle,  ^aid: 
'*  I'ntty  pale  lace,  how  ti\\aj>;  Ciive  j»ony  to  l»oot."  This  hahy  is 
now  TiuMna>  Ownhy.  "t' l'"i-l  •!  I  Wr  nml  \tis,  Slniwu  ha\r  had 
2  chiMren,  hoth  dea«l 

L.  Ji.  Taylor,  farnjor,  »ec  21»,  was  born  Feb.  lo.  1840,  in  this 
County,  the  son  of  AniosTaylor,  wlu»  wa*  lM»rn  ni-ar  Hartford.  Cnuii., 
and  who  dieil  Oct  :il,  \>>M.  Au^'.  15,  isr.ii,  L.  1{.  married 
Hannah,  daughter  of  iK'reiniah  Walker,  dec»*ai<iM|,  and  their  children 
are  Alon/.o,  .lolin  H.,  Kdward,  KoU-rt,  (.Mara,  Ktnnia,  Alva  ().  and 
Inu  Mr.  Tavlor  gervtHJ  thret?  venn»  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  I,  U9tli 
I.  V,  I.,  ami  wan  in  the  battles  «>f  Mu^uttlia  Hill,  HIack  Kiver,  sie^c 
of  Vickhburj;,  »tc.,  ami  was  ilisehar^eil  .Itilv  ,'{•',  lh<;.'i. 

Wiilitirn  I).  Tlttnnjtgon,  who  has  resided  in  this  State  since  1817. 
was  lK>rn  in  Horrulei*  I'oMoin,  Mo.,  March  13,  1813.  His  t'ather 
was  ,Iames,  deceasi**!.  a  native  of  \'ir;;inia,  and  a  pi«>nerr  in  Mi.- 
souri  'IVrritory,  who  settled  in  \Vashiii^tt>n  ctMinty.  111.,  in  IhlT. 
He  was  in  the  Indian  war  of  ITIM,  and  wiut  at  St.  Clair's  defeat, 
where  he  wiw  woumK-<l  in  the  ri^ht  lej^,  which  ren»lere<l  him  a 
crij>ple  for  life.  March  17,  1844.  Wm.  15.  marrietl  Mary  A.  I?r<M.ks. 
Their  children  are  Itenjamin  l'\,  .Sylvi-hter  W.,  Susan  .1.,  ,Ianies  S. , 
Sarah  K.  an<l  William  1>.      Mr.  T.  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  '.V2. 

Tfiovuif  ir«it/^,  farmer,  see.  10.  A  native  of  this  etmnty,  was 
lK»rn  April  7,  1^42,  and  is  the  si>n  of  Henry  15.  Wade,  who  was  a 
piom-er  i>f  Pike  c*>unty,  having  l>een  brouj^ht  lu-re  by  his  parents 
when  but  Ti  yoars  ohi.  There  were  but  \\\  families  in  the  county 
when  lie  settled  there.  Thomas  Wade  was  raise*!  on  a  farm  threr 
miles  south   i)f   (i  ille.      Sept.  S.*),   1857,  he    married    Kllen, 

daughter  of  Mrs.  Lii£ai>eth  Ellis,  a  widow  lady  of  I)etroit  township. 
They  had  3  children,  -Thomas,  Albertie  and  James.  In  Sept., 
1875,  Mrs.  Wade  died,  and  in  Anril,  187C,  he  njarrie<l  Frances 
Lindville,  and  they  have  one  little  Doy,  Harvey.  Mr.  Wade  owns 
a  half  interest  in  tlu-  Florence  horse  ferry.  He  ser\«*«l  in  the  late 
war  in  Co.  H.,  73d  Reijiment,  I.  V.  I.,  and  participate*!  in  the  battle 
of  Stone  river. 

Jiirrel  ^'alk,  farmer,  sec.  35;  I*.  O.,  Milton;  M'as  lH>rn  Dec.  14, 
1832,  near  Lexington.  N.  C;  was  brought  by  liie  parents  to  this 
county  in  ls3r».  and  settled  near  Milton.  His  father,  Teler  Walk, 
Worked  very  hard  and  endured  many  privations  in  preparing  for  fu- 
ture prosperity.  He  died  in  the  winter  of  1839-40.  Our  subject  was 
raiseo  on  a  farm  and  knows  all  about  prubbijij;,  picking;  biish, 
rollinjr  loir>,  driving  c».xen,  etc.,  etc.  Jan.  3,  18*^1,  he  married 
Eliza  J.  lu'huid.    and    flieir  cliildreii   arc    Hardin    W..  Cordelia  J., 


XI- 


fl^r?i^-i 


J/c 


c(/n7<^^yi^ 


PTTTSFltLO   Tr 


HISTORY    OF    pIkE    COUNTY.  443 

Ilulburt  C,  Sarah  A..,  Cora  B.  and   Lincoln  Teter.     In  1852  Mr. 
"Walk  went  overland  to  California  and  returned  in   1856. 

Jasper  Walk^  fanner,  sec.  36,  was  horn  in  tiiis  township  Aug. 
17,  1839.  His  motlier,  Mahala  "Walk,  came  to  this  county  in  1836, 
and  still  resides  with  her  son  at  the  age  of  TO  years.  She  was  born 
in  Davidson  county,  X.  C.  Iler  father  owned  the  Horshoe  Neck  on 
the  Yadkin  river.  Our  subject  lives  in  a  house  made  of  hewed 
logs  39  years  ago,  built  by  Thomas  Clemons,  the  original  settler  on 
section  36.  March  28,  1860,  he  married  Rachel  Anthony,  and  they 
have  had  7  children,  5  of  whom  are  living,  namely,  Ella  Bell, 
Alice  A.,  Harvey  C,  Charlotte  A.  and  Jasper  C.  ^Ir,  "Walk  was 
a  soldier  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  I,  99th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  battles  of  Port  Gibson,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Black 
River  and  others.  At  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  he  was  under  fire  for 
47  days;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Black  River,  and  was  dis- 
charged July  30,  1865,  at  Baton  Rouge. 

Augustus  F.  White^  farmer,  sec.  35,  was  born  in  Cornwall,  Con- 
necticut, May  6,  1832,  and  is  the  son  of  Comfort  "White,  deceased. 
He  received  a  common-school  education,  and  attended  the  great 
Barrington  Academy,  of  Berkshire  count}-,  Mass.;  he  also  attended 
the  Stockbridge  Academy  of  the  same  county.  He  tanght  school 
most  of  the  time  for  22  years.  April  9,  1858,  he  married  Harriet 
"Watts,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  3  children — Charles  A.,  Mary 
A.  and  John  E.,  deceased.  In  1852  Mr.  "W.  went  to  California  by 
ship,  crossing  the  isthmus  of  Panama  by  way  of  Lake  Nicaragua, 
and  returned  by  the  Panama  route  the  next  year.  His  ancestors 
came  across  the  ocean  in  the  Mayflower,  and  he  is  a  descendant 
of  the  same  family  of  which  Perigrine  White  was  a  member,  the 
lirst  white  child  born  in  America. 

Elijah  Williains  was  born  in  Clinton  county,  O.,  Aug  6,  1844, 
and  is  the  son  of  Joseph  "Williams,  deceased,  also  a  native  of  Ohio. 
He  received  a  common-school  education,  and  in  1867  came  to  Illi- 
nois and  located  in  Sangamon  Co.,  and  in  1872  to  Brown  Co., 
where  he  engaged  in  various  occupations  for  one  year,  and  then 
became  salesman  in  a  whi^desale  tin  and  hardware  store  for  F.  H. 
Hudson,  of  Versailles,  111.  In  December,  1877,  he  engaged  with  J. 
"W.  Wright  &  Co.,  of  the  same  place,  in  retailing  dry  goods  and 
notions  through  various  parts  of  the  country;  in  the  spring  of  1878, 
he  was  elected  to  the  office  of  Assessor.  The  June  following:  he 
opened  a  restaurant,  and  in  March,  1879,  he  removed  to  Florence  and 
went  into  the  mercantile  business,  where  he  now  has  a  thi-iving 
trade.  In  December,  1869,  he  married  Ida  Campbell.  Their  4 
children  are  Charles  H.,  Effie  M.,  Joseph  F.  and  an  infant  girl. 
Mr.  W.  served  3  vears  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  D,  79thRe2r.  O.  V.  1., 
and  was  in  the  battles  of  Resaca,  Peach-Tree  Creek,  Atlanta,  Stone 
River,  Savannah,  Charleston  and  others.  He  was  taken  prisoner 
by  a  company  of  Hood's  cavalry,  while  out  foraging,  and  placed  in 
Libby  prison,  but  was  released  in  21  days. 

Harvey  D.  Williams^  Principal  of  Detroit  Schools,  was  born  in 

27 


444  HISTORY    OF    riKE    OoUNTV. 

Carroll  Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  10,  1847,  and  is  the  son  of  Nicliolas  Wil- 
liaiMS,  wlu)  came  to  Hancock  county  alK>ut  the  year  1S52.  The 
Professor  was  eilucated  in  (^uincy  College,  111.,  and  l)e<^an  his 
chosen  profession  in  1868,  in  Hancock  county,  and  in  1870  came  to 
Pike  county,  where  he  luis  since  tani;ht.  and  is  now  teachin<;  his 
sixth  year  in  Detroit.  He  ^ives  j^eneral  patisfaction  as  an  instructor 
and  (liHciplinarian.  Au^.  22,  lN7ii,  he  was  married  to  Cammie, 
dauj^hter  of  David  Williams,  of  tliis  township. 

Samuel  M.  Wdliauis^  lawyer,  was  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  C,  Feb. 
9.  1^20,  and  is  the  son  of  .lohn  A.  NVilliams,  a  jiionoer  of  this 
county,  who  brought  his  family  here  in  1n34,  and  endured  all  the 
privations  of  pioneer  life.  He  was  Deacon  in  the  Baptist  Church 
in  Detroit  25  years,  and  died  March  2G,  187»),  in  Pettis  county, 
Mo.,  where  he  had  re.«iide«l  four  years.  May  1,  1SC4,  Samuel  M. 
married  Kunice,  daui^hter  of  Kde  Hatch,  ileceased,  who  resided  in 
thi^  township  until  within  two  years  of  his  death,  which  occurred 
in  Newbnrj^  township.  May  15,  1842.  lie  was  a  worthy  citizen  and 
a  memlu-r  of  the  Paotist  Church.  Mr.  and  Mrs,  Williams  have 
three  children,  viz:  rrances,  (Maiborne  and  Samuel,  Mrs,  Wil- 
liams had  previously  Irmmi  married  and  liad  three  children,  Henry, 
Henrietta  and  Harlow  Hosfonl,  deceased.  Mr.  Williams  has  ]>rac- 
ticed  law  2')  years. 

liuUi  A.  Wils'm  was  b"jti  .Jan.  lii,  182^,  ami  was  brou«;ht  to  this 
county  by  her  parents  in,  ls33,  j>.rnl  lias  seen  many  hardships  and 
troubles;  iiaa  done  all  kinds  of  heavy  farm  work,  pulled,  hackled, 
8pun  and  wove  t1a.\,  and  hauled  many  a  load  of  woo<i.  She  was 
unusually  kind,  benev»»lent  and  <'haritable,  and  wherever  there  was 
sickness  and  suffering  Mrs.  Wilson  wus  found  ;  yet  when  she  was 
left  a  wi«low,  sick  with  rheumatism,  and  a  little  speechless  lK»y,  she 
was  placed  in  a  |M)or-liouse.  Sept.  2<),  lbGl,8he  married  J«»hn  Hol- 
iday, who  wa>  drowned  in  the  Minpissippi  river  at  St.  Louis,  Sept, 
PI,  I8()3.  They  hail  one  son,  John  II.  .Ian.  13,  1^70,  she  married 
Charles  Wilson,  a  native  of  Sweden. 

/.mXv  Ydliiitty  P.O.  Detroit,  was  born  in  Doncaster,  V«»rk6hire, 
Eng.,  about  l8<>y,  and  is  the  son  of  Luke  Velliott,  sr.  In  1842  he 
came  to  Pike  county  and  settled  on  the  farm  he  now  owns,  and 
where  he  resides.  He  was  marrie<l  in  ^'ork«*hire,  Kng.,  Feb.  10, 
1840  (just  one  week  after  the  marriage  of  Queen  Victoria),  to 
Mary,  daughter  of  John  and  Ilebccca  f»urland,  who  came  to  this 
C4Minty  in  1S31,  einluring  many  of  the  hanlshijts  of  pioneer  life. 
Mrs.  I'urland  used  k»cust  thorns  tor  pins,  such  was  the  scarcity  of 
hou.sehold  articles.  They  both  died  in  the  house  of  Mr.  Velliott, 
aged  87  and  77  years,  respectively.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Velliott  have 
had  nine  children,  of  whom  seven  are  living.  ll<.l»ecca  and  Sarah 
(twins),  John  and  Annette  (twins),  Luke,  Edward  B..  and  Mary  A. 


MONTEZUMA  TOWNSHIP. 

This  townsliip  borders  on  the  Illinois  river  and  lies  between 
Detroit  on  the  north  and  Pearl  on  the  sonth.  It  was  one  of  the 
first  townslii]is  in  this  early  settled  count}-  to  receive  the  pioneer. 
A  very  complete  and  interesting  historical  sketch  of  this  township 
was  prepared  by  Mr.  F.  M.  Grimes,  editor  of  the  Milton  Beacon^ 
in  1876,  and  we  make  no  apology  for  quoting  much  of  this  sketch. 
The  people  of  Montezuma  and  neighboring  townships  had  a  grand 
centennial  celebration  at  Milton,  July  4,  1S76,  and  Mr.  Grimes  was 
appointed  to  the  pleasant  yet  arduous  and  difficult  task  of  prepar- 
ing an  historical  sketch  of  this  township  as  a  Centennial  History. 
After  his  introductory,  he  begins  the  sketch  of  the  settlement  as 
follows  : 

SETTLEMENT. 

One  hundred  years  ago  the  sound  of  the  white  man's  ax  had  not 
been  heard  in  our  forests.  The  ringing  of  the  anvil,  the  rattle  of 
the  reaper,  the  hum  of  the  thresher,  and  whistle  of  the  engine 
would  have  been  strange  music  to  the  ear  of  the  wild  Indian,  whose 
song  and  warhoop  were  the  only  sounds  indicative  of  human  exis- 
tence. The  soul-stirrino'  music  of  the  band,  the  melodious  tones  of 
the  organ  and  the  still  sweeter  voices  of  the  choir,  would  have  been 
in  strange  contrast  with  the  howl  of  the  wolf  or  the  scream  of  the 
panther  as  they  roamed  fearlessly  o'er  the  spot  where  we  n(iw 
stand.  The  bark  canoe  and  the  majestic  steamer;  the  rude  wig- 
wam and  the  stately  mansion;  the  Indian  pony  and  the  iron  horse; 
the  slow  footman  and  the  lightning  telegraph, — but  faintly  illustrate 
the  vast  diiference  between  the  savage  of  then  and  the  civilized  of 
1;o-day. 

But  little  is  known  of  the  history  of  ^Montezuma  township  prior 
to  the  year  1819,  at  which  time  Ebenezer  Franklin  settled  upon  the 
lands  now  owned  by  his  son  Frederick  Franklin,  our  townsman. 
Other  settlements  were  afterwards  made  by  Chai-les  Adams,  James 
Daniels,  David  Daniel?,  David  Hoover,  Daniel  Hoover,  Joel  Meach- 
am,  Thomas  Davis  (182G),  Elijah  Garrison  (1S26\  Solomon  Far- 
rington(1827),  John  F.  Long  (1828),  Fielden  Hanks  (1829),  William 
Morton,  Frederic  Franklin  (came  with  his  father),  E.  C.  Clemmons, 
James  Cheatham  (1834),  Josiah  Hoover  (came  with  his  father  in 
1826),  George  Hoover  (came  with  his  father),  Daniel  Hoover  (1S2).6 
The  last  eight  are  still  residents.  ■  Z.  A.  Garrison,  John  Batter- 


440  I1ISI\>KV    OK     riKK    COLNTT. 

shell  (1832),  now  a  rcpident  of  S|>rin^  Creek  town.^hij),  Ezokiel 
ClcmiUDiiti,  Hoone  Allen,  Jidjii  M<»rton,  (TO(»r<i^e  Morton,  IVter 
DilK>n,  .loliii  (iiirrihoii,  JoM-ph  (iarri><>n,  .John  Lottji,  Nii'lioUm 
Jones,  .lulm  Jonrs,    Wni.    McDriilf,  Sniith   Aiines,  Joshua  Davis, 

Jusiiih  Siinnis,  William  Konncy  ^^1826),  Solomon  Seevers, Itoark, 

James  Cirimes  (1S36),  John  iUcut>,  Job  Wilkir  son,  H.  Greathousi', 
J<.thn   (rreathoiise,    L<»iji8    Allen,   Klipih  (iarrison. 

Like  all  Sfttlers  of  new  c^^nuitries  they  suHered  many  hunlshijts 
aixl  inconveniences.  The  nearest  mill  f()r  the  tirpt  few  years  was 
Kdwartlsville,  bO  miles  ilisUmt.  Mr.  Franklin  informs  us  that  there 
were  then  al>out  2<iU  InJians  in  the  nei<;lil>orluuKl.     «      ♦       ♦        ♦ 

In  the  year  182i>  a  hiirse-mill  wiw  huilt  l>y  Freenijui  Tucker  on 
the  lot  now  occupied  hy  Mr.  i'lanklin.  The  neari-ht  tra<liM<^  points 
were  at  Alhuiantl  IJritlj^ej>ort,  op|H>site  Bedford.  The  tirst  rt»i;ularly 
laid  out  road  nin  from  MiMite/.unni  to  Atlii8,  and  was  aniontr,  if  not 
the  lirst,  in  the  county.  Houston  was  the  ]»hy>ician.  I'olly  havis 
tHUglit  the  tirst  t-ch<>ul  in  a  Muall  caliin  on  the  land  now  owiu'd  hy 
Josiah  Hoover.  In  addition  to  hor  lalmrH  a8  teacher  she  had  the 
care  of  eight  children. 

The  inliahitants  were  pre-eminently  religious.  Slioutiiii;  was 
very  coinnjou  and  the  "jerks"  had  not  cejised  toatllict  the  religious 
fanatic.  I'reaehing  ami  pmyer  mootingH  were  held  at  jirivate 
houses  until  l>etter  accuinmodationH  could  Ik*  had.  The  ('hri^tian 
Oluirch  prevaile<l  at  that  time,  and  an  organization  was  ellected 
prior  to  In28.  There  were  tivo  resident  ministers;  four  of  the 
Christian  and  one  of  the  Haptist  faith.  The  present  Christian 
Church  has  been  iK.'r|>eluated  since  the  year  1833. 

The  cjill  for  volunteers  for  the  Black  Hawk  war  creafo«l  no  little 
Consternation  among  the  |>eople.  A  meeting  was  chilled  at  Flor- 
ence and  John  Batterdiell,  Jo.seph  (iaie,  William  Ivenney,  Joshua 
Davis,  Smith  Aimcs,  Josiah  Simnis  and  K<lward  Irons  etdiste<J. 
The  first  two  are  still  living.  There  were  others  from  the  adjoin- 
iyg  towns  or  counties  who  afterwards  l>ecame  residents,  as  Jesse 
Lester,  then  a  resident  of  Detroit,  now  re^iding  here,  James  Grimes, 
resident  of  (Trecne  county,  and  others  whose  names  we  cannot  give. 

About  the  year  1830,  by  virtue  of  a  law  allowing  slaveholders 
the  privilege  of  pai*>ing  through  this  Statu  with  slaves,  slavery  ex- 
isted in  the  township  foraperit>d  limite<l  by  the  law  to 30  days.  Jacob 
livisel  brought  a  negro  woman  here,  and  not  wishing  to  remove 
for  the  time,  kept  her  until  the  expiration  of  the  30  days  and  took 
her  to  Missouri  for  a  few  days,  and  brought  her  back  again,  and  so 
continueil  to  do,  thus  evading  the  law  for  nearly  a  year. 

The  tirst  marriage  so  farjis  we  can  learn  was  that  of  Joseph  Gale 
and  Elizal>eth  (yarrison,  about  the  3'ear  lh30.  John  F.  Long  is 
now  the  oldest  resident  voter  in  the  townsliin,  having  been  a  legal 
voter  47  ycjirs,  and  has  not  missed  to  exceed  three  genenil  electi"tis. 
The  oldest  native-b<jrn  resident  is  Daniel  (t.  Hoover,  son  of  Daniel 
and  Rebecca  Hoover.     Calvin  Greathouse,  son  of  John  and  Catlie- 


HISTOKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  447 

rine  Greathouse,  was  the  first  native-born.     He  is  now  a  resident 
of  Texas. 

EDUCATIOXAL. 

Even  in  the  earlier  da3^s  the  settlers  regarded  the  education  of 
their  children  as  their  first  duty.  In  many  instances  the  tuition 
was  paid  bv  the  father's  labor  with  the  maul  and  wedge,  or  the 
raotliei-'s  work  at  the  wheel  and  loom.  The  first  board  of  school 
trustees  now  on  record  was  composed  of  the  following  names: 
Nathan  Tucker,  II  C.  Robertson,  Jacob  Wagner,  John  F.  Long  and 
Solomon  Fai-ringti")n,  who  met  at  Milton  July  15,  1840,  and  appor- 
tioned the  funds  then  on  hand,  $83. OG,  upon  the  schedules  of  W. 
M.  Porter  and  Charles  Daniels. 

A  subsequent  meeting  is  recorded  as  follows: 

June  5th,  1841. 
Trustees  of  schools  met  at  ^Vlilton  and  ordered : 

1st.  That  the  debtors  to  the  school  fund  bereciuired  punctually  to  pay  the  inter- 
est when  due,  and  annually  to  pay  ten  per  cent,  of  the  principal. 

2d.  That  65  days  be  considered  one  quarter  of  a  year,  and  that  each  school 
teaclier  teach  8  hours  in  each  day. 

.3d.  That  the  trustees  receive  for  their  services  50  cts.  per  day,  and  the  treasurer 
receive  $1.00  per  day. 

Mathew  Baker, 
Walter  W.  Tucker, 
James  Grimes, 
FiELDEN  Hanks, 
John  S.  Bacus, 

Trustees. 

At  a  meeting  held  at  Thomas  Davis'  house  in  November  of  the 
same  year,  the  township  was  laid  off  in  districts,  Nos.  1,  2,  3,  and  4. 
Lots  No.  4,  14  and  15  of  the  16th  section  were  ordered  to  be  sold  on 
the  24th  of  December  on  1,  2,  3,  4  and  5  years'  time.  From  1840 
to  1850  we  find  the  name  of  B.  Greathouse  as  Treasurer  most  of  the 
time.  Tlie  names  of  a  ])ortion  of  the  teachers  are  as  follows:  T. 
M.  Johnson,  Louisa  Greene,  W.  W.  Tucker,  A.  Meacham,  A.  D. 
Robertson,  W.  Porter,  G.  Lester.  Joseph  M.  Jones  (now  resident 
of  Oregon),  N.  W.  Saxton,  J.  J.  Meacham,  A.  Jones,  H.  D.  Bennett, 
C.  L.  Easley,  T.  P.  Hoit,  Noble  Shaw,  Martha  Greathouse,  B.  F. 
Tur])in,  Matthew  Morton,  Sidney  Coflfey,  James  Brook,  Nancy  L. 
Reed,  John  Porter,  Sherman  Goss,  Edwin  Woolley,  Jo.'^eph  Colvin 
(now  living  in  Time),  W.  F.  Anderson,  Addison  S.  Smith,  John  W. 
Allen  (now  residing  near  Milton),  R.  R.  Clark.  James  M.  Grimes, 
Adam  Acott,  Mary  A.  Clcmmon.^,  CarolineE.  Davis,  Harmon  J.Kim- 
ball, Wm.  B.  Grimes,  Edwin  P.  Simmons.  John  S.  Woolley,  Emeline 
S])encei-,  Robert  Owen  and  Samuel  Heaton.  From  1850  to  the 
p^resent  we  can  onl)'  mention  a  few  of  the  names:  Hampton,  PXn" 
lin.  Hurley,  Roberts,  Walden.  LTnderwood,  Eakins,  Harris,  Ewing, 
N.  C.  P.oren,  P.  A.  Long,  J.  H.  Long,  W.  M.  Landcss,  N.  J.  Colvin, 
Fannie  Allen,  Jane  Allen,  A.  F.  AVhite,  AV.  N.  Barney,  Sarah  B. 
Stuart,  N.  D.  Mc.  Evers,  G.  W.  Manlev,  J.  L.  Harris,  Lucinda  K. 


448  /IISTOKV   OF   riKK  oocntv. 

Smith,  G.  B.  Ciarrifion,  W.  Z.  (iarrison,  Aiuaiula  Boren  and  J.  M. 
Fariri.  The  teachers  durii)ir  the  hist  vcar  were  Ji»hn  Kiiiir.  Miss 
Cromwell,  Mrs.  A.  Hiiiuo,  L.  L>.  Ki^^^s,  (ifo.  A.  Iluh-omb,  (\  K. 
Thurman,  J,  G.  Webster,  J.  L.  Craven,  W.  F.  Colvin,  and  the 
writer.  Sevenil  of  the  above  named  jHjrsona  have  <levoted  the 
•greater  portion  of  their  lives  to  the  |irofe(Siiion.  Duriiii^the  jiast  20 
ytar»  ^lr.  I".  M.'Jrimes  tuii^^ht  1*J  successive  terms  in  this  town- 
6hi|>. 

Montezuma  has  always  been  ]>roud  of  her  schools,  and  according 
to  her  j)ojiulation  she  sUmds  second  to  m»ne  in  tin-  county,  ]>»Mhaj)8 
in  the  Stale.  Liberal  wa^jes  have  Ik'ch  paid,  an<l  there  seems  to  bo 
a  determination  on  the  part  of  the  patrons  to  sp.ire  no  ]>ains  in 
giving  to  their  children  the  greatest  of  blcssine^,  a  liberal  educa- 
tion. As  evidence  that  our  schools  have  la'en  all  that  we  claim  for 
them,  we  point  to  the  business  and  professional  men  who  received 
their  education  in  t»ur  scln»ols,  vi/:  J.  F,  Greathoiise,  who  now 
ranks  among  tjje  best  lawyers  of  the  county,  F.  M.  (Jreathouse,  his 
brother,  now  present  Stale's  Attorney  of  Calhoun,  and  stands  at  the 
head  of  the  l.ur  in  that  county;  W.  H.  (irimes,  rx-County  Clerk, 
and  V.  A.  (irimes,  i)resent  Ueputy;  W.  11.  Thomas,  attorney,  now 
in  California;  J.  11.  Nic4day,  who  held  a  {xisition  in  the  IJ.  S. 
Treasury  at  Washington;  JohnG.  Xic4»lay,  present  Marshal  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  I'.  S.,  held  his  n  '  "  hero  tor  several 
vears  prior  to  enterini'  '""-n  his  appreiii.  ...p  as  a  printer  in 
Pitlstifld,  and  what  eih.  .  he  received   in  the  common  schools, 

was  ubtaincd  in  the  schools  in  this  township. 

AORICULTl'UE. 

For  many  years  the  tillers  of  the  soil  were,  of  necessity,  com- 
pelled  to  use  such  implements  as  C4ime  within  their  reach.  The 
plow  with  w«HMlen  mold-lMiard  is  within  the  recollection  of  many 
wh(»  were  rais<'d  in  «nir  midst.  The  sickle  and  the  scythe  wer*  suf- 
ficient for  the  amount  of  small  grain  raiceil,  but  as  the  acreage 
increase*!,  the  demand  for  something  more  exj>editious  was  supplied 
by  the  introduction  of  the  reaper.  Mr.  R.  11.  Uobert-on  was  the 
first  t«>  lead  in  this  progressive  movement,  anrl  in  alxmt  the  year 
1845,  bought  and  cut  his  grain  with  a  .N[cCormick  reaper.  Xe.xt 
year  Mr.  E.  C.  Clemmons  followed  the  example.  A.  IJoren  and 
John  F.  Ijong  soon  after  introduced  one  in  the  south  part  of  the 
tt»wnship.  Flailing  and  trann>inir  with  horses  so<iii  gave  way  to 
the  **  l»eater,"  which  wjis  run  hy  Wm.  Stults.  This  was  quite  a 
re'.ief  to  the  Inn's  who  rode  the  horses  from  day  to  day,  and  bare- 
back at  that,  on  a  t ran) ping  floor  not  more  than  3<»  feet  in  diameter. 
Our  recollections  on  this  jK»int  are  very  vivid  indeed.  The  *'  beater  " 
soon  gave  way  to  the  injj»roved  thresher  and  cleaner;  the  wooden 
fork  was  not  adequate  to  the  task  of  taking  care  of  the  straw;  the 
wooden  plows  were  laid  in  the  shade  and  the  Stebbin.^  and  Modie 
plows  took  their  places;  the  wooden  harrow  was  not  in  keeping 
with  the  times,  and  the  material  from  which  it  was  made  served 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  449 

for  other  purposes.  That  tlie  soil  from  which  our  crops  is  produced 
is  of  the  best  and  most  enduralile  (juality,  is  demonstrated  beyond 
a  doubt  bv  the  manner  in  which  it  has  from  year  to  year  been  tilled. 
Until  late  years  the  clover  crop  was  as  rare  as  the  flax  crop  is  at 
the  present.  Year  after  year  have  our  lands  yielded  bountiful 
crops,  without  rest  or  nourishment  in  return,  and  wliy  should  we 
wonder  that  it  should  show  some  signs  of  diminished  productive- 
ness? The  improved  methods  of  culture,  deep  plowing,  clovering 
and  pasturing,  have  made  much  of  our  land  better  than  it  was  when 
it  was  first  turned  by  the  plow-share. 

The  introduction  of  improved  and  blooded  stock  was  left  to  a 
few  of  our  most  enterprising  farmers,  who,  in  the  past  25  years 
have  made  rapid  strides  in  tliis  particular,  so  much  so  that  this  for 
the  past  two  or  three  years  may  be  called  the  banner  township,  so 
far  as  the  show  of  fine  cattle  is  concerned.  Isaac  Brown  &  Sons, 
John  O.  Bolin,  E.  X.  French,  Geo.  Hoover,  R.  C.  Allen  and  others, 
have  done  a  commendable  work  in  the  improvement  of  cattle,  hogs 
and  sheep. 

The  majority  of  our  farmers  now  have  more  or  less  of  the  im- 
proved breeds  upon  their  farms.  The  original  scrub  hog  is  as 
scarce  now  as  the  imported  was  20  years  ago.  In  order  that  the 
progress  of  the  next  century  may  be  readily  estimated  by  the 
readers  who  at  that  time  may  chance  to  see  this  record,  we  give 
some  of  the  statistics  furnished  by  Eli  Grimes,  present  Assessor: 

Merchandise,  value,  $27,460;  moneys  and  credits,  $66,485;  im- 
proved lands,  12,257  acres,  $327,925;  unimproved  lands,  8,261 
acres,  $43,660;  wheat,  3,019  acres;  corn,  4,148  acres;  oats,  509 
acres;  meadows  and  pasture,  3,085  acres;  town  lots,  improved,  155; 
unimproved,  301;  total  value  of  town  lots,  $58,919;  total  value  of 
personal  property,  $173,175;  total  value  of  real  estate,  $371,585. 
Grand  total,  $607,539. 

VILLAGES. 

There  are  three  villages  in  this  township,  the  largest  and  most 
important  of  which  is  Milton,  situated  on  section  5.  At  the  close 
of  the  Black  Hawk  war  in  1832,  and  when  the  people  of  the  South 
and  East  were  assured  that  the  settlers  through  this  section  of  the 
State  had  no  more  to  fear  from  the  Indians,  there  was  a  most  wonder- 
ful influx  of  settlers  here.  There  has  never  been  a  period  in  the 
history  of  the  settlement  of  the  Mississippi  valley  or  the  Great 
West,  when  emigration  was  greater  than  it  was  to  Central  Illinois 
during  the  few  years  subsequent  to  the  close  of  the  war,  say  from 
1833  to  1837.  The  people  poured  in  by  thousands,  and  the  beauti- 
ful groves  and  ''  points  "  of  Pike  county  received  their  portion. 
During  this  ]ieriod  we  find  unprecedented  ]>rosperity  on  every 
hand.  Then,  to  add  to  the  almost  wild  excitement  incident  to  the 
prosperity  and  speculation  then  rife,  the  State  inaugurated  the  most 
stupendous  system  ot  internal  improvements  ever  attempted  by  a 
government.  The  wildest  imagination  can  scarcel}-  conceive  the  mag- 


HjO  history  of   riKK  COr.NTV. 

iiitiulo  ut'this  vast  8V8tem.  SiitiicH?  it  to  sav  that  it  pntvcil  mi  incentive 
to  the  hetllers  here  to  embark  in  8]teculatioiis,  ei?j»ei'iallv  in  hind. 
Towns  were  hiid  out  on  every  hiiml,  ami  a  niaji»rit}'  of  the  vilJa^eB 
of  I'ike  county  were  phitteii.  ehristene«l  and  started  upon  their 
career  durin:;  this  eventful  period.  In  tliis  township  the  villages 
of  Milton,  Montezuma  and  liedford  were  ushered  intc»  e.xistence  at 
this  time. 

The  i)eautiful  little  villa«^  of  Milton  was  platted  l»y  Freeman 
Tucker,  March  2,  1S35,  As  early  as  1828  Wm.  Konney  erected  a 
lo<^  caltin  here.  Some  little  improvement  was  made  in  the  neiirh- 
borliood  iVom  that  time  until  they  laid  *>\\'  the  town.  There  are 
several  good  store  buildings,  tilled  with  a  fine  assortment  of  g«>od8 
in  their  various  lines,  situated  around  a  beautiful  little  scpiare, 
which  is  set  with  trees,  etc.,  and  forms  a  jdeasant  sunnner  ]>ark. 
The  first  store  was  kept  by  Tucker  tV  Wethers,  and  the  first  ^(•hool 
was  tau<;ht  bv  (ieorife  Lester.  The  first  church  structure  was  situ- 
nted  on  the  Public  Square,  Milton  is  situated  upon  a  beautiful 
])rairie,  and  enjoys  a  fine  local  trade. 

The  village  of  Montezuma,  which  is  located  on  the  Illinois  river, 
on  sei:tit>n  1*2,  and  tour  n)iles  from  Milton,  was  lai<l  out  by  an 
Alton  C»)inpany  for  a  river  landing.  In  183G  Joel  Meacham,  who 
ran  a  ferry  across  the  river  at  this  point  for  many  years,  laid  out 
an  addition,  which  comprises  about  one-half  of  the  town.  Monte- 
zuma had  great  j-roujise  yf  mnking  a  town  of  some  importance, 
being  an  excellent  landing  forU'ats  at  all  stages  of  water,  but  the 
introduction  of  railroads  and  the  springing  u)>  of  inland  towns, 
have  so  crippled  river  tmnstxirtation  that  at  present  it  afiords  profit 
to  sciireely  atjy  one.  The  village  contiiins  at  j»resent  about  H)0  in- 
habitants, 

Be«lforvl,  which  is  situated  on  sections  13  and  24,  and  about  one 
mile  and  a  half  below  Montezuma  on  the  river,  was  lai<l  out  by 
David  Iloge,  April  KJ,  ls36.  It  has  an  excellent  river  landing,  and 
for  years  a  vast  amount  of  grain,  pork  and  various  kinds  of  pro- 
duce, were  annually  shipped  from  here.  It  no  longer,  however, 
claims  any  great  j>rominence  among  the  towns  of  the  county.  Its 
present  population  numbers  about  10<>, 

SONAL  SKKTCIU-S. 

We  refrain  from  dwelling  longer  on  the  history  of  the  townsliip, 
or  any  of  its  villages,  choosing  rather  to  <levotc  the  space  to  giving 
personal  sketches  of  the  more  prominent  citizens  of  the  township, 
i)clieving  such  sketches  are  of  equal  imjx»rt«nce,  and  atlord  greater 
interest. 

Austin  Ji.  Allen,  jihysician,  is  the  son  of  J<»hn  W.  and  Louisa 
Allen,  who  ^ettleil  in  this  county  in  an  early  day.  He  was  a 
farmer  by  occupation  but  taught  school  for  many  years  ;  was  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  in  pioneer  times,  and  in  isr»l  was  elected  County 
Judge;  in  1S<35  he  completed  the  canvas  for  the  census,  and  is  now 
traveling  in  Virginia.     Au-itin  II.  began  hie  medical  studies  with 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  451 

his  brother,  0.  I.  Allen,  a  practitioner  in  this  section  since  1866; 
attended  medical  lectnres  at  the  St.  Louis  Medical  Colleo:e  1875-8, 
and  March  5  of  the  latter  year  he  was  graduated,  and  estab- 
lished himself  in  Milton,  where  he  now  has  a  large  practice.  He 
was  born  in  Detroit  townshi]i  in  1857. 

John  Bnttershell^  sr.,  of  the  firm  of  Battershell  &  AEitchell,  mer- 
chants, Milton,  was  born  in  Clark  county,  Ivy.,  March  13, 1811,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  and  Abigail  (Rector)  Battershell,  natives  of  Mary- 
land and  Kentucky.  Mr.  B.  settled  in  Scott  county,  Illinois,  in 
1829,  where  he  engaged  in  farming;  in  1850  he  settled  in  Pike 
county,  on  a  farm  of  305  acre.-,  in  this  township,  valued  at  $50  per 
acre.  In  1>29  he  married  Miss  Betsey  Richards,  a  native  of 
Virginia,  who  died  at  Winchester,  III.  They  had  8  children, 
7  of  whom  are  living, — Martha,  Mitchell,  Sarah,  Ilezekiah, 
Mary,  Matilda,  and  John,  jr.  He  then  married  Anna  Smith,  a 
native  of  Tennessee,  by  whom  he  has  3  children:  Charles,  Eva  and 
Emma  (twins).  The  present  business  partnership  was  formed  in 
1878,  which  is  the  largest  and  controls  the  most  extensive  trade 
in  Milton. 

A.  W.  B'^nls.  retired  farmer  and  claim  agent,  was  born  in  Wor- 
cester county,  Mass.,  in  1814,  and  is  the  son  of  Aaron  and  Martha 
(Frost)  Bemis,  who  settled  in  Summer  Hill,  this  county,  in  1835,. 
where  he  purchased  land  and  resided  until  his  death,  in  1874.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  married  Mary  P.  Ford,  a  native  ot  Greene 
county,  and  they  have  2  children,  Albert  and  Laurie.  He  first  set- 
tled at  Atlas,  then  on  the  old  homestead  at  Summer  Hill,  then  in 
1851  he  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  in  Montezuma,  and  in 
1853  he  became  extensively  engaged  in  the  mercantile  trade  at  Time, 
where  he  resided  until  1873;  he  then  returned  to  his  present  place 
in  Montezuma.  He  was  Township  Treasurer  13  years.  Justice  of 
the  Peace  many  years,  was  the  first  Supervisor  of  Martinsburg  tp., 
and  in  1851-3  he  was  Postmaster  at  Montezuma. 

Joh)i  O.  Bolin^  retired  farmer;  P.  O.  Milton;  was  born  in  Pick- 
away county,  O.,  in  1824,  and  is  the  eldest  son  of  Charles  and 
Betsey  (Griffin)  Bolin,  natives  of  Delaware,  who  came  to  this  county 
in  1838  and  settled  in  Pleasant  Hill  township;  in  1848  they  moved 
to  Martinsburg  townshij),  where  Mrs.  B.  died  the  next  year;  he 
then  moved  to  Milton,  where  he  married  Miss  Minerva  Clemmons, 
and  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business.  In  1851  John  O.  was 
admitted  to  the  partnership,  and  for  10  years  this  firm  carried  on 
a  largo  dry-goods  trade.  Mr.  Charles  Bolin  then  retired,  and  in 
18G8died.'^  He  was  a  minister  of  the  Gospel.  John  O.  then  dis- 
posed of  the  stock  of  goods  in  1865,  and  built  his  present  residence, 
where  he  has  <)0  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $100  per  acre.  He  also 
has  a  farm  of  155  acres  on  sec.  16,  valued  at  $50  an  acre.  In  1845 
he  married  Rebecca  McCoy,  a  native  of  Missouri,  who  died  in  1863. 
His  present  wife,  Mary,  is  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Hoover.  Mr. 
Bolin  was  Supervisor  for  a  number  of  terms.  He  is  a  Democrat, 
and  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 


452  HISTMRY    OF    I'IKE   COUNTY. 

Absalom  B'>ren.'}T.,  liirmor.  sec.  32,  1'.  O.  Milton  ;  is  the  son  of 
Absalom  and  Catherine  (^Atulerson)  1>  »ren,  natives  of  Indiana, 
where,  in  Posey  County,  tl»e  suhject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  1819; 
he  ciiMie  to  this  county  in  183'J,  ami  settled  in  tliis  tp.  where  he 
has  since  made  his  home.  The  same  year  he  was  married  to 
Miss  Lueinda,  daughter  i>fJan)es  (irinies,  an  rarly  settler  of  this 
county.  She  was  born  in  White  county  in  1S23.  The  fruits  of 
this  union  are  5  children,  living, — Nancy  K.,  .lohn  W.,  Uriel  E., 
Aii^rline  IJ.  K.,  an<l  S;irah  A.  Mr.  aiml  Mrs.  H.  are  members  id' 
the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  Horen  has  servetl  as  School  Di- 
rect<»r,  and  his  name  is  linked  with  those  who  were  the  founders  of 
Montc/.uma. 

John  W.  Jloren,  harness-maker,  was  born  in  this  county, 
Au«^.  2,  1.^42,  and  is  the  son  o\'  Absalom  and  Lucinda  ((irimfs) 
iJori'ij,  who  settled  in  Montezuma  tp.  in  1830,  where  tliey  still 
reside,  lie  was  married  in  1872  to  Miss  Mary  Smith,  a  native 
of  this  county.  lie  first  established  himself  in  business  on 
the  northwest  corner  <»f  the  Sijuarr.  ami  in  1^7♦^  settled  in  his  ])res- 
ent  location.  He  carries  a  ^tock  »if  $1,50(»,  and  has  a  good  trade. 
Is  Justice  of  the  Peace,  having  filled  that  oiUco  4  years,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  (Miristian  Church. 

Jo/in  Jf.  Jirookiwj,  farnjer,  s«'c.  32;  P.O.  Milton;  b«»rn  on  the 
Ohio  river.in  Ohio,  in  1M22,  and  is  the  son  of  Wm.  and  Sarahi  Kubell) 
lirotfking,  natives  of  Ohio,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  married  May  4,  1^42,  to  Miss  Elizal>eth,  daughter 
of  John  Cidvin,  who  came  to  this  countv  in  1852  and  settle<l  in  this 
tp.,  where  ho  luis  since  madr  his  hc»mu;  moved  to  his  pre^ent  es- 
tate in  185.S,  consisting  of  12<>  acres,  valued  at  $4<>  per  acre.  Their 
chililren  are  Amirew  F.,  Arnold  1).,  John  \V.,  Amanda,  Sarah  J. 
and  liebecca  M.  .Mr.  W.  served  as  School  Director  one  term,  and 
is  a  selt-made  man,  who,  by  his  energy  an«l  j)erseverance  has  secured 
for  himself  a  goinl  home. 

Jii//ic'Jt  Cfoatfuim,  retired  farmer,  residence  Milton,  was  lK>rn  in 
Cunjberlaiiil  Co.,  Ky.,in  1812;  is  the  son  of  Kichardson  Cheatham, 
a  native  of  Kentucky,  where  he  died  at  an  early  day.  The  sultject 
of  this  sketth  came  to  this  ciiunty  in  1n34,  and  settled  in  this  tp. 
on  sec.  4,  where  he  built  a  log  cabin  and  cultivated  80  acres  of  land ; 
the  same  year  he  married  Miss  Virginia  Ii4>l)ert6on,  a  native  of 
Sc»uth  Carolina,  who  with  her  mother  and  brother  came  to  this 
county  the  same  year.  The  liceube  for  this  pioneer  couple  was  the 
8d  one  issued  at  Pittsficld.  Three  children  have  been  born  to  them; 
Siimuel,  who  married  Sarah  Lvster,  and  resides  on  the  homestead; 
Lucy  Ann,  wife  of  V.  McFadden,  residents  of  Magnolia  ;  and 
Walter,  who  was  drowned  when  li»  years  of  age.  Mr.  C.  settled 
on  his  present  place  in  1872.  where  he  lives  in  retirement  and  en- 
joyment of  past  industry.  They  number  among  the  living  relics  of 
MiUite/.uma. 

J.  P.  CUmmtms,  farmer,  sec.   3;   P.   O.   Milton  ;   is  the  son  of 
Kzekie!  and  Piuel^e  (^Keed)  Clemmons,  natives  of  Ilouen  Co.,  N.  C, 


HI8T0KY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  453 

where  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  1814.  The  family 
emis^rated  to  Illinois  in  1S23  and  settled  in  Lawrence  county.  In 
1825  they  moved  to  this  county  and  settled  in  Detroit  tp.,  and  3 
years  afterward  settled  in  this  tp.,  where  his  parents  both  died. 
Mr.  0.  moved  on  his  present  farm  in  1836,  consistinf^  of  196  acres, 
valued  at  $60  j>er  acre.  The  same  year  he  was  married  to  ]\Iiss 
Jane,  dauirhter  of  Wm.  Ilayden,  and  they  had  3  children,  2  of 
whom  are  living,  Mary  and  Phcebe.  His  present  wife,  Polly,  nee 
Grimes,  is  a  native  of  White  county.  111.,  and  they  liave  had  2 
children, — Henry  and  Sarah.  Mr.  C.  had  no  opportunities  for  an 
early  education,  and  at  the  age  of  21  \'ears  he  was  enabled  to  pur- 
chase 40  acres  of  land,  which  by  his  energy  and  perseverance  he 
had  accumulated.  To  him  belongs  the  honor  of  being  the  oldest 
living  settler  in  Montezuma,  a  record  which  he  may  value,  and  to 
which  his  posterity  ever  look  with  pride.  He  built  the  first  school- 
house  erected  in  Detroit  tp.,  and  has  experienced  all  the  hardships 
of  ]>ioneer  life. 

George  Croft,  farmer,  sec,  2;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  son  of 
Mathew  and  Mary  (Rumans)  Croft,  natives  of  York,  England,  where 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  1806.  He  accpiired  his 
early  education  in  thecollegesof  his  native  place,  where  he  engaged 
as  teaelier  in  the  academy.  In  1831  he  was  selected  by  the  Wes- 
leyan  Missionary  Society,  of  London,  to  preach  the  gospel  in  the 
West  Indies.  He  reached  the  Islands  in  1831,  and  preached  through- 
out the  different  Islands  for  13  years.  While  there  he  met  and  mar- 
ried (in  1834),  Miss  Ellen  Stoner,  a  native  of  Leeds,  England,  where 
she  was  born  in  1807.  Mr,  C,  has  crossed  the  Atlantic  9  times,  and 
lived  under  most  of  the  flags  of  Europe.  lie  spent  the  summer  of 
1879  in  his  native  home,  but  prefers  to  live  under  the  flag  of  our 
common  country.  His  farm  of  440  acres  is  the  fruits  of  his  own 
industry,  his  first  purchase  being  but  160  acres.  It  is  valued  at 
$50  per  acre.  Here  he  settled  in  1856,  living  in  a  log  house  until 
he  had  erected  his  present  commodious  residence.  He  is  the  father 
of  6  children,  5  of  whom  are  living;  David  S.,  Helen,  George,  Han- 
nah L.  and  Thomas.  He  is  Local  Elder  in  the  M.  E.  Church,  and 
a  gentleman  well  known  throughout  the  county. 

S.  W.  Daniels,  of  the  firm  of  Merchant  &  Miller,  and  who  re- 
sides at  Bedford,  was  born  in  this  county  in  1829,  and  is  the  son  of 
James  and  Olive  Daniels,  natives  of  N.  Y.,  and  Vt,  who  emigrated 
to  Madison  county,  thence  to  this  county  in  1826,  settling  on  the 
section  where  he  entered  120  acres  of  land,  where  they  both  died. 
He  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  an  early  pioneer  of  Pike 
county.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1846,  to  Miss 
Frances  E.,  daughter  of  John  French.  To  them  have  been  born  5 
children:  AV^esley  P.,  George,  Julia,  Tiiomas,  and  Rozella.  Mr.  D. 
began  milling  in  the  early  days.  He  is  also  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile trade  at  Bedford  and  runs  the  ferry  at  that  place;  is  con- 
ducting a  good  business. 

Joseph  Dxi'jdell,   farmer,  sec.  22;    P.   O.   Milton;  was  born    in 


454  HISTORY    OF    riKK   t'oUNTV. 

Yorkshire,  EtijjIhikI,  Doc.  25,  1810;  was  niarrie«i  Jaii.  28,  1832,  to 
Miss  Eliziil>otli  Farm,  also  a  native  of  Vorksliire,  Kn^-,  where  she 
was  bttrii  Oct,  11,  1n1<>.  He  emii;rateii  to  Aiiieriea  in  1843  aiiid 
spent  one  winter  in  Morgan  county,  thence  he  went  to  Scott  county, 
and  in  1847  to  this  county,  setling  in  this  tp.,  where  he  has  since 
nia»h?  it  his  hon>e.  lie  moved  to  his  ])resent  phice  in  1852,  »i]>on 
whicii  was  a  loj^  cahin,  and  which  has  h»n;;  since  ijiven  ])hu'e  to  his 
j)re8ent  coinniodioJis  residence.  Mr.  D.  lnis  a  farni  of  280  acres, 
valued  at  $4n  per  acre.  He  is  tlje  fatlier  of  4  chililren:  Charles, 
J(»seph,  jr.,  \\  ni.  T.,  and  Hanna  K.,  all  of  whom  are  nmrried,  and 
^grandchildren  surroiiml  him  in  liis  declining'  years. 

Taylor  B.  J'ranklin,  farnu-r  kcc.  11;  1'.  ().  Milton;  is  the  grand- 
son of  ElKjnezer  Franklin,  the  earliest  settler  of  Pike  C(»unty,  and 
eldest  son  of  Fre<lerick  Franklin,  who  passed  a  life  of  usefulness  in 
Montezuma  tj».,  whi-re  he  died  in  isTs.  Tin;  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  marrii'd  in  A}»ril,  1>00,  to  Miss  IViscilla  Stathen,  a  native  of 
Oliio,  and  there  liave  l»een  horn  to  them  4  children;  Augustus, 
William,  Fn**!  E.  and  Cora  II.  Mr.  F.  resides  upon  a  p<trtion  of 
his  father's  estate,  confistini;  of  HI  acres,  valurd  at  %'IU  per  acre, 
ijixty  vi-ars  have  passed  since  El»ene/.er  Franklin  set  tool  on  the 
wiil  of  l*ike  county,  and  to  his  jK)8terity  lH;long  the  lionor  of  his 
name. 

J>avi<l  Koremnn,  tanner  and  harness- nnikt'r,  sec.  ,31  ;  !*.().  Mil- 
ton ;  was  Imrn  in  Hiijhland  county,  <)..  in  1^34.  and  is  the  son  of 
Jacob  and  Margaret  I 'ri^';;.-,  natives  of  Kentucky  arid  Ohio,  who 
came  to  this  C4>tinty  in  F'^.'>0,  and  settled  on  sec.  1,  Sprinj;  Creek 
township,  where  he  resi«le«i  until  lsi}3,  when  he  move<l  t«t  his  h(»n's 
liome,  whi'r.!  he  diet!  Feb.  8,  1*^71  :  she  ijieii  >»ov.  3<',  1.S57.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  purehase*]  his  present  estate,  co^J^istin^  of 
80  acres,  valued  at  $3.0iX)  ;  lias  been  en^ra^ed  at  his  trjuie  since 
1852  at  Pittstield  and  Miltoti,  and  has  a  ^o<kI  business.  Was  mar- 
rie«l  dan.  21,  1*»55,  to  .Miss  Nancy  Ivussell,  wh<»  a  short  time  after- 
ward wa,s  accidentally  burned  to  death.  In  1859  he  was  united  to 
Miss  Pluebe  N.,  daughter  of  Abner  l./on;r,  a  native  of  McDonoiii^h 
county.  To  them  liave  been  born  7  children,  4  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing :  Henry  L.,  Sarah  M.,  Margaret  K.  and  .\ratninla  .1.;  the 
decease.l  are  Milton  A.,  Jacob  N.  and  John  H.  Members  of  the 
Christian  Church. 

Kdirard  X.  French,  farmer,  sec.  8  ;  P.  O.  Milton  ;  born  in  Cal- 
edonia Co.,  Vt.,  in  1S2}>,  the  fourth  son  of  Isaac  and  Relvcca 
(Folly)  French,  natives  of  tiiat  State,  where  they  both  died.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  emi^jrated  t«>  the  West  in  1840,  and  set- 
tled in  Rock  Co.,  Wis.  Two  years  afterward  he  moved  to  this 
County  and  eni;af;ed  as  clerk  with  (Teorije  Underwood  in  Milt- in. 
While  in  this  capacity  he  purchased  40  acres  of  land  on  sec.  4,  a 
j>ortion  of  which  is  inchuled  in  hi»  present  estate  of  330  acres,  val- 
ued at  $liK)  ])er  acre.  He  was  married  in  1>52  to  Miss  Sarah, 
second  dauifhtcr  of  Daniel  Hoover,  bv  whom  he  has  4  children: 
Noel  E..  Marv  A.,  George  U.,  now  a  student  of  engineering  in  the 


HI6TOKY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


455 


University  at  Champai<;u,  111.,  and  William  O.  Mr.  F.  is  a  self- 
made  man  in  every  respect.  His  mother  died  when  he  was  7 
years  of  age,  and  he  was  bound  out  until  14  years  of  age.  With- 
out the  advantages  of  education  he  has  accumulated  a  handsome 
landed  property,  secured  by  his  own  industry  and  close  application 
to  business.     Is  a  Republican. 

Harrison  C.  French^  farmer,  sec.  30  ;  P.  O.  Milton  ;  was  the 
youngest  child  of  Isaac  and  Rebecca  (Folly)  French,  natives  of 
Vermont,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
born  in  Caledonia  Co.,  Vt.,  in  1834  ;  emigrated  to  this  county 
in  1856,  where  he  resided  until  1861,  when  he  enlisted  as  2d  Ser- 
geant in  Co.  E.  I.  V.  I.,  and  served  9  months;  was  taken  pris- 
oner at  the  battle  of  Shiloh  and  coniined  in  prison  at  Tuscaloosa, 
Ala.;  thence  to  Macon,  Ga.,  and  in  Libby  at  Richmond,  Va.,  where 
he  was  exchanged  April  6,  and  sent  to  Annapolis  as  paroled  pris- 
oner. He  was  reduced  to  a  mere  skeleton  by  the  effects  of  prison 
life.  Returning,  he  was  married  in  1865  to  Miss  Emily,  daughter 
of  John  Long.  Their  7  children  are  all  living,  Augustus  H., 
Orra  J.,  Lelie  A.,  Herbert,  Nellie,  Walter  and  Ruth.  He  settled 
on  his  present  estate  in  1872,  consisting  of  160  acres,  valued  at  $40 
per  acre.  His  wife  is  member  of  the  Christian  Cliurch,  and  he  is 
a  Republican. 

Zachariah  A.  Garrison,  farmer,  sec.  36;  P.  O.  Pearl;  was  born 
in  Posey  Co.,  Ind.,  March  29,  1815,  and  is  the  son  of  Elijah  and 
Sally  (Allen)  Garrison,  natives  of  Kentucky,  and  a  lineal  descend- 
ant of  Daniel  Boone.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this 
county  with  his  parents  in  Oct.,  1826.  His  father  entered  a  large 
tract  of  land  near  Milton,  which  he  lost  b}^  unsuccessful  specula- 
tions. He  then  moved  upon  the  river  bottom,  where  he  died  in 
1840.  His  devoted  wife  lived  until  1846,  when  she  too  was  called 
to  join  the  settlements  of  a  better  home.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  married  in  1834,  to  Miss  Louisiana;  daughter  of  Thomas  Davis, 
who  died  in  1839,  leaving  one  child,  Mary  L.,  who  resides  in  Ore- 
gon. He  again  married  in  1842,  Miss  Cynthia  Waters,  who  died 
in  1852.  Of  this  marriage  one  child  was  born,  Hannah  J.,  wife  of 
Orsen  Gilbert.  His  present  wife,  Lydia  Wilson,  is  a  native  of 
Ohio.  Mr.  G.  was  engaged  in  running  log  rafts  down  the  river  as 
early  as  1835,  and  afterwards  followed  the  river  as  ])ilot  until  1852, 
when  he  built  a  hotel,  where  he  was  engaged  for  11  years.  In  1861 
he  enlisted  as  Captain  of  Co.  E.,  I.  Y.  I.,  and  two  months  afterward 
was  appointed  recruiting  officer.  In  this  capacity  he  served  until 
1864,  when  he  moved  to  Oregon  and  spent  some  years.  On  his 
return  he  settled  on  his  present  place. 

W.  V.  Grimes,  M.  D. ,  was  born  in  this  township  in  1857.  His 
parents  were  Milton  and  Mary  (McClintock)  Grimes,  early  settlers 
of  Pike  county.  He  began  thestudyofmedicine  with  Dr.  A.  G.Jones, 
of  Milton,  and  spent  2  years  in  the  drug  business  with  W.  M.  Crary. 
Soon  afterward  he  entered  the  ^lisscjuri  Medical  College  at  St. 
Louis,  and  was  graduated  at  that  institution  in  1877.  The  following 


450  IIISTOKY    OF    IMKK    COl'NTY. 

year  he  l)egaii  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  this  village  and 
established  himself  in  the  drii^  business  the  same  year.  Mr.  G. 
lias  bet'ii  IdCal  t-ditor  and  correspi>ndent  of  the  Milton  liedcon  a 
greater  part  of  the  time  since  it  started,  and  i.-<  deservedly  pojxilar 
witii  all  classes.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  of 
the  Christiaji  Church. 

S.  V.  Ildijilfu,  attuiuey  :it  law,  is  the  son  of  P^lisha  and  Vir- 
ginia (^Sweriiiijen)  llayden,  natives  of  Kentucky  ami  Missouri,  who 
came  to  this  county  in  1833  and  settled  in  Detroit  t«»wnship.  In  1S52 
they  moved  to  this  tp.,  and  in  18»»7  upon  their  present  farni,  where 
they  still  reside.  To  them  have  been  Iwirn  5  children,  3  of  wliotn 
are  living, — (Jabriella  L.,  Samuel  V.  and  M.iry  i>.  His  farm  of 
132  acres  is  valued  at  $7<)  per  acre.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  b«)rn  in  this  county  in  I85(i,  and  entered  upon  the  study  of  law 
at  Hillsbort),  111.  He  then  entere*!  the  I'nion  Law  College  at  Chi- 
cago and  was  gradinited  at  that  institution  in  \s~\),  when  he  l)egan 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  this  village.  The  family  numln'r 
among  early  pioneers  and  are  highly  resjHJcted  meml>ers  of  the 
Christian  C'hurch. 

Wtti.  IFt'Hx,  farmer  an«l  stock-raiser,  is  the  son  of  I)avid  and  Ann 
(Wheeler)  Hess,  natives  of  Ohio,  who  emigrated  to  this  State  at  an 
early  day  and  settled  in  Pearl  tp..  Pike  Co.,  in  1.S3C,  where  he  still 
resides.  Mrs.  H.  die*!  in  1^77.  The  subject  of  this  sketcli  was 
Ixtrn  in  (Jreene  Co.,  III.,  in  l»;io.  He  was  married  Oct.  is,  1^55, 
to  Miss  Margaret  C.  Wagner,  who  died,  leaving  him  one  child,  J. 
D.  His  proent  wile,  Nancy  C,  ne^  Stnith,  is  u  native  (d*  Pike  Co. 
To  thetn  liave  i)een  born  6  cijildren, --Sarah  A.,  L.C.,  Wm.  II.,  Kva 
U.  P.,  Aila  P.,  and  Kiithy  P.  He  settled  on  his  present  place  in 
1S»)'2,  the  iiomestcad  land  consisting  <»f  24<>  acres,  valued  at  $.'><> 
per  acre.  He  has  als«»  land  on  sees.  2<i,  21,  32  an<I  HI,  amounting 
to  nearly  SOO  acres,  making  him  the  largest   landholder  in  the  tp. 

O.  C.  Ilolcomh^  merchant,  dealer  in  L'roeeries  and  crockery,  suc- 
cee<led  (tco.  I'mlerwood  in  1857.  In  18»'»3  he  disp<»se<l  of  his  stock 
and  enliste<I  as  Captain  of  Co.  G.,  137th  I.  V.  I.,  put. day  men,  and 
eerveti  his  time.  He  again  entered  upon  a  mercantile  pursuit  in 
the  store  now  occu]>ietI  as  the  postoffice,  and  move<l  to  ids  present 
location  in  ls79.  He  was  born  in  Portage  Co.,  ().,  in  1833.  His 
mother,  Hafney  Ilolcomb,  settled  in  this  township  in  1842,  where 
she  died  in  Is 79.  He  waa  married  in  1854  to  Miss  Sarah  E.  Kin- 
man,  by  whom  he  has  3  children:  Lillian,  George  A.  and  John  H. 
Mr.  II.  is  one  of  the  oldest  living  merchants  of  Milton,  and  enjoys 
a  good  patronage. 

David  0.  JL>"V('t\  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  youngest 
son  of  Daniel  Hoover,  jr..  who  emigrated  to  Illin«)is  in  1825  and 
settled  in  White  county,  where  he  remaine<l  until  1827,  when 
he  move<l  to  this  county  and  eettle<l  in  this  township  on  sec,  9. 
Here  he  pre-empted  land  and  resided  until  his  «leath,  May  24,  1868. 
The  sul»ject  of  this  sketch  was  born  June  23,  1826;  was  married 
Oct.  16,  1S56,  to  Miss  Eunice  A.  Stults.     Mr.  II.  left  the  home- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  457 

stead  in  1869  and  moved  to  Vernon  Co.,  Mo.,  where  he  remained  2 
years.  Again  in  the  tall  of  1879  to  the  same  county,  where  he  is 
residing  on  a  farm  of  320  acres.  Tlis  eldest  son,  Charles,  wiio  lives 
on  the  homestead,  was  married  Jan.  1,  1880,  to  Miss  Mary  E. , 
danghter  of  Jackson  Morton.  Upon  them  and  others  of  his  children 
devolves  the  care  of  tlie  farm,  consisting  of  2-iO  acres,  valned  at 
$50  per  acre.  William  L.,  Ruth  A.,  Frank  L.,  Fred  A.,  Alva  B. 
and  Fayette,  were  the  children  of  this  industrious  pioneer,  and 
grandchildren  of  one  of  the  first  pilgrims  to  Pike  county. 

David  J.  Iloovei\  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Milton;  was  born  in 
"White  Co.,  111.,  in  1829;  is  the  eldest  son  of  John  and  Cynthia 
(Patton)  Hoover,  whcJ  settled  in  White  Co.  in  1825,  and  in  this 
township  in  1830,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  married  in  1859  to  Miss  Amanda  F.  Smithers,  a  native  of  this 
State.  To  them  have  been  born  7  children,  all  of  whom  are  living: 
Edgar  W.,  Willie  II.,  Cordelia,  Minnie  V.,  Orphy  O.,  Ina  E.  and 
Arty  E.  He  settled  on  his  present  estate  in  1862,  consisting  of 
404^  acres;  the  eastern  section,  200  acres,  is  valued  at  $60  per  acre: 
the  remainder  at  $40.  Mr.  H.  has  been  School  Director  for  the 
past  6  years,  and  numbers  among  the  early  settlers.  Without  the 
opportunities  of  edueational  advantages  his  devotion  to  his  pro- 
fession has  placed  him  among  the  independent  farmers  of  this 
county. 

Eli  Hoover,  farmer,  sees.  9  and  10;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  fourth 
son  of  John  and  Cynthia  (Patton)  Hoover,  natives  of  Maryland 
and  Kentucky,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1829  and  settled  in 
this  township,  on  sec.  8,  where  he  entered  60  acres  of  land  and  re- 
sided until  his  death  in  1867.  His  wife  preceded  liim  to  the  spirit 
world  in  1864.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  on  the  homestead 
in  this  township  in  1836;  was  married  in  1863  to  Miss  Mary  Stewart, 
a  native  of  Greene  Co.,  111.,  where  she  was  born  in  1841.  The  fruits 
of  this  marriage  are  4  children:  Delia  A.,  Arthur  V.,  Otis  C.  and 
Caddie  G.  The  homestead  upon  which  he  resides  consists  of  236 
acres,  valued  at  $60  per  acre.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  II.  are  members  of 
the  Christian  Church,  and  number  among  the  early  pioneers. 

George  Hoover,  farmer,  sec.  11;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  second  8on 
of  Daniel  and  America  (Greathouse)  Hoover,  natives  of  Maryland 
and  Kentucky,  who  emigrated  to  Illinois  in  1825  and  settled  inWliite 
Co.,  and  in  1827  moved  to  this  county  and  settled  on  sec.  9,  near 
Milton,  where  he  made  a  claim  which  he  afterward  pre-empted. 
Here  he  lived  until  his  death.  May  24,  1868.  His  respected  wife 
followed  him  to  the  better  land  in  September  of  the  same  year. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Posey  Co.,  Ind.,  Oct.  23, 
1821,  and  came  with  his  parents  to  this  county,  where  he  was  married 
Jan.  24, 1844,  to  Miss  Sophia  A.  Hatcher,  a  native  of  Franklin  Co., 
Va.,  and  daughter  of  John  and  Charlotta  (Thurman)  Hatcher,  who 
settled  in  this  township  in  A}»ril,  1838,  where  they  passed  the  re- 
mainder of  their  years  on  earth.  Mr.  II.  settled  upon  his  ])resent 
estate  in  1867,  consisting  of  over  500  acres  of  land,  the  valuation 


458  HI6T«M:Y    ok    IIKK    COUNTV. 

of  which  will  raii<jc  from  ■^'M^  to  ^50  per  acre.  This  tract  of  land 
illclnti«l^  the  Bame  farm  lu-  occupietl  in  ls47.  lie  is  the  father  of  5 
li\  in;^  chiMreii,  3  daii^hterK  and  2  Rons — (ieneva  A.,  Louisa  F., 
Ktidie  A.,  Laura  and  Ulvsses  Cf.  He  is  the  olilest  native-horn 
settler  of  this  townshiji,  a  lifi'-lon^  8nii|)orter  of  the  Whi^  P'^rty, 
an<l  ft  strong  a«lvocate  of  the  liennhlicati  form  of  government. 

John  A.  Hoover,  s»ec.  IS;  i  .  C).  Milton;  is  the  son  of  .John 
Hoover,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  this  county  who  settled  in  Monte- 
zuma tp.  in  ]S'2U,  where  the  stihiect  of  this  sketch  was  born  in 
lt>34.  In  1859  he  eniraged  as  clerk  in  the  nn'rcantile  trade  at  Mil- 
ton, in  which  capacity  he  wm^  eiii,'aired  until  1^71.  Since  then  he 
lia,s  been  enpi;^'ed  in  farming;  and  speeulation,  and  by  tact  and 
energy  has  secured  a  good  property.  Mr.  11,  is  one  of  this  ex- 
tensive family,  unnnirricd,  but  his  social  ({Ualities  of  mind  and 
heart  have  won  for  htm  a  h<»sl  of  friends. 

JoKiiih  /Jintvi-r,  farmer,  sw.  l»;  1'.  ().  Milton;  the  eldest  living 
son  of  David  antl  Mahala  ((Treuthouso)  Hoover,  natives  of  Mary- 
land and  Kentucky,  who  settled  in  White  Co.,  111.,  in  1S20,  and 
were  anumg  the  early  pilgrims  of  that  county,  where  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Mav,  1S23.  In  iSiiT  the  family  came 
to  this  county,  crossing  the  Illinois  river  on  a  pintgue,  a  largo 
oanoe.  He  erecte*!  his  shanty  south  of  Milton  on  sec.  U,  where  he 
died  in  March,  lh7«5,  in  the  7t»th  year  of  his  age.  She  died  Aug. 
7,  1^73.  The  subject  of  this  ^keteh  was  married  in  ls4S  to  Miss 
Caroline,  daughter  of  Thomas  Smith,  an  early  settler  of  White  Co. 
He  is  the  father  of  9  children.  7  of  whom  are  living — Smith,  Alice, 
Mary,  Mattie  F.,  Sidney  J..  Ida  M.  and  Litiadn.  IIi^  opp»»rtuni- 
ties  t"<>r  an  early  education  were  limited,  and  iiis  success  in  fife  is  due 
to  his  indomitable  will  and  perseverance.  His  home^teatl  near  Mil- 
tt»n  Consists  of  24f»  acres,  valued  at  1^75  an  acre.  He  is  one  of 
Montezuma's  early  {lilgrims,  and  although  in  declining  health,  is 
ma«ie  happy  by  the  large  circle  of  children  and  grandchildren  that 
burround  him. 


Wi/ioit/i  IluttoUy  farmer,  sec.  3;  1*.  O.  Milton;  was  born  in  Kng- 
land  in  1>33,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  lietsey,  ( Watenworth,) 
natives  of  Kngland.  where  they  l)oth  died.  Mr.  II.  emigrated  to 
America  in  ls'>.').  settling  in  this  tp..  where  he  has  since  made  it 
his  home.  He  was  marrie*!  in  ls73lo  Mi.-sSjirah  E.  Cleminons,  and 
they  have  2  children.  John  and  Mary.  Mr.  II.  settled  on  his  present 
estate  in  1S68,  consisting  of  84  acres,  valued  at  $60  per  acre.  Mr. 
II.  is  a  School  Director,  and  one  of  Montezuma's  best  citizens. 

J.  G.  Johnson^  proprietor  of  the  Johnson  House,  Milton,  is  a  son 
of  Joseph  ami  Esther  (Jolly)  Johnson,  natives  of  South  Carolina, 
who  emigrated  to  Indiana  in  1800,  and  settled  in  Posey  Co..  being 
among  the  pioneers  of  that  State,  where  they  both  «lie<l.  The  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  was  b*»rn  in  Posey  Co.,  In<l.,  in  1^21;  was  n)ar- 
ried  in  1843  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Henderson,  who  died  in  Indiana  in 
1847,  leaving  one  child,  Mary  A.  He  then  married  P2lizal>eth 
Tnivers.  a  native  of  Indiana,  who  bore  him  one  child,  D.  R.,and  she 


i 


^  f^^ 


X:-:C 


MONTEZUMA  T?* 


I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  461 

too  was  called  to  a  better  home.  Ilis  present  wife  is  Judith  C, 
daii<^hter  of  Samuel  Baker,  an  early  settler  of  Detroit  tp.,  where 
she  was  born  in  1S35.  Tlie  fruits  of  this  marriage  are  2  children, 
Johanna  H.  and  J.  G.  II.  Mr.  J.  came  to  this  county  in  1856  and 
settled  in  Milton,  where  he  engaged  in  merchandising,  and  in  1862 
received  appointment  as  Captain,  and  raised  Co.  I,  99th  I.  V.  I., 
and  served  2^  years,  participating  in  the  battles  of  Vicksburg, 
Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills  and  Mobile,  and  was  mustered  out  in 
Jan.,  1865,  by  reason  of  consolidation.  Returning,  he  formed  the 
partnership  of  Johnson  &  Goodin  in  the  drj-goods  trade.  Two 
years  afterward  he  sold  out  and  engaged  in  farming,  until  1875, 
when  he  disposed  of  hii  farm  and  opened  a  private  boarding-house. 
The  following  year  he  leased  the  Eagle,  now  Johnson  House.  Mr. 
J.  has  been  prominently  identified  with  the  interests  of  the  town  in 
several  offices.  He  is  a  radical  Ilepublican,  a  good  citizen,  and  an 
excellent  hotel  keeper. 

Solomon  T.  Johnston,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  son 
of  Thomas  and  Catherine  (Main)  Johnston,  natives  of  Penns3'lvania, 
who  emigrated  to  Pike  Co.,  in  1850,  settling  in  Hardin  tp.,  where 
he  died.  His  aged  wife  still  survives.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1832;  was  married  in  1853  to  Aliss 
Susan,  daughter  of  John  Ileavener;  settled  on  his  present  farm  of 
240  acres  in  1856.  In  1862  he  enlisted  as  Corporal  in  Co.  E,  99th 
I.  Y.  I.,  and  served  15  months,  participating  in  the  battle  at  Port 
Gibson,  where  he  was  wounded  by  a  minie  ball  that  passed  through 
the  lungs  and  lodged  in  the  back,  where  it  still  remains.  He  was 
confined  in  the  hospital  6  months,  when  he  was  discharged.  In  con- 
sequence of  this  wound  1s\y.  J.  is  disabled  from  physical  labor.  He 
served  one  term  as  Collector.  Is  politically  a  Democrat.  His  chil- 
dren are  Melinda.  Louisa,  Ellen,  Thomas,  Andrew,  Allen,  Otis,  Eva, 
Poe  and  Frank. 

Urban  B.  Kennedy^  principal  of  the  high  school  at  Milton,  was 
born  in  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  in  1854,  and  is  a  grandson  of  John 
Wright,  a  native  of  Tennessee,  who  settled  in  that  county  in  1825, 
and  son  of  "William  and  Sarah  (Wright)  Kennedy,  natives  of  Ken- 
tucky and  Tennessee,  living  residents  of  Morgan  county.  Mr. 
Wright  died  in  1872.  and  Wright's  Precinct  still  bears  the  honor 
of  his  name.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  entered  upon  the  studies 
of  his  profession  in  the  State  Normal  University  at  Bloomington, 
111.,  where  he  remained  3  years,  and  began  teachinfr  in  1872  in 
Scott  county,  where  he  remained  3  years,  when  he  returned  to 
his  native  county  and  ofiiciated  2  years,  where  he  was  married  in 
1877  to  Miss  Kate,  daughter  of  John  Stewart,  of  Scott  county. 
They  are  the  parents  of  2  children,  Walter  I.  and  one  not  yet 
christened.  Mr.  K.  has  filled  his  present  position  3  years,  and 
he  is  highly  esteemed  l)y  the  community. 

irw.  M.  Landess,  merchant,  dealer  in  hardware,  stoves  and  tin- 
ware at  Milton,  succeeded  Long  tfc  Riggs  in  this  business  in  1871, 
the   copai'tnership   being   Landess   &   Colvin.     Eighteen    months 

28 


46*2  IlISIORV    «>K     I'lKK    <'«>UN1Y. 

afterward  Colvin  retired,  und  the  business  has  since  been  conducted 
by  Mr.  L.,  wh<»  carries  a  sUiek  ot"  lf:5.<M)(),  and  has  a  lucrative  trade, 
lie  was  born  in  IIii;ldand  C(»unty.  ().,  March  11,  1MV.>  ;  catue  to 
this  County  in  I'^'Iii  and  en^ai^cil  in  tcHchiiii;  sch«»ul  until  he  beijan 
his  business  career.  He  wjw  married  Dec.  10,  18«U),  to  Miss  .Jen- 
nie Van  Pelt.  dau<;hter  t»t"  William  Van  Pelt,  of  Perry.  They  are 
members  of  the  ('nristian  Churcii. 

.John  F.  Lomj^  farmer,  sec.  3J  ;  P.  < ).  Milton  ;  was  b«>rn  in  Ten- 
ne.-si'o  in  1S05,  son  t)f  Robert  and  IJetsy  (Wasson)  I.K»nj^,  nativee  of 
North  Carolina,  Ixith  of  whom  have  died.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  came  to  thiscitunty  in  Oct..  ls2S,and  settled  west  of  Miltoji. 
A  tew  years  later  he  entered  the  la!i<l  of  his  present  esUite,  where 
he  lias  since  mado  it  his  home.  He  was  inarriiHl  in  Vanderburgh 
county,  Ind.,  Feb.  *23,  IH-JO,  to  Miss  Sjilly  A.  Patton,  a  native  of 
that  county,  where  she  wsw  \yn\\  in  ls01».  To  them  have  been 
b«»rn  S  children.  7  of  whom  are  living.  Pho-be  .1.,  U«(bert  N.. 
William  H..  .lames  H.,  Samuel  A..  Mary  K.  and  JSarah  M.  Mary 
E.  Mjarried  F.  Bowman  and  they  reside  on  tlie  homestead.  Tlu'ir 
children  are  William.  liol>ert,  John  O.,  Leroy  and  Henry  M.  Mr. 
L  was  .Justice  of  the  I'eace  at  one  time,  and  has  Ikh-mj  otherwise 
ideiititied  with  the  intere.-ts  of  the  town.  His  farm  coiisihts  of  liOO 
acres,  valued  at  1^5,500.  Himself  and  wife  are  members  of  the 
Christian  (Miurch,  ami  he  is  one  of  the  few  living  piuneers  of  this 
town^hi|>.  In  the  7r)th  yrtir  of  his  age  he  enjoys  go«Mi  health,  and 
is  hapi'ilv  siirr-'iiiidod  :\\  hi-;  bitiiii'  bv  \\\^  I'luldn-n  juhI  grandchil- 
dren. 

Thotwts  C.  L»ftU,  farmer,  sec.  23  ;  P.  O.  litHlfurd  ;  wsis  Ixirn  on 
the    I*otomac,  Wa-'  tn   Co.,  Md.,   in    1S'J4.      Is   8on   <d'  .James 

and  Eleanor  *  l»ur*  rt..... ;:)  Lytle,  natives  of  that  State,  where  they 
die<l.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  marrieil  in  1^40  to  Miss  Eliz- 
Hl>eth  Miller,  a  native  of  Maryland,  who  died  leaving  him  '1 
chihlren,  Josiah  and  Thomas.  His  present  wife.  Kliza  Killbren,  is 
a  native  of  Scott  county.  They  have  had  4  children, — Elizabeth, 
William,  John  and  Charles  A.  Mr.  L.  came  to  this  county  in 
1850,  from  Herkshiro  Co.,  Va. ;  moved  on  liis  present  farm  in 
1873,  consisting  of  80  acres,  valued  at  $30  per  acre.  Has  been 
Justice  of  the  Peace  *J  terms,  and  C<»mmissioner  of  Highways. 
Politically  he  is  a  Democnit. 

Molinda  Mahaity  farmer,  sec.  34;  1*.  <>.  Bedford;  widow  of 
Michael  Mahair,  who  was  born  in  Ireland  in  182D  and  emigrated 
t»»  America  in  l*'4t>.  He  enga:rc<l  in  farmiiiir  until  his  marriage  in 
1857,  to  Miss  Malinda,  daughter  of  Benjamin  liarringer,  an  early 
settler  of  this  county.  After  marriage  he  settled  on  the  Little 
Blue,  where  he  lived  until  1S65,  when  he  moved  on  the  present 
estate  of  170  acres,  valued  at  $40  i>er  aero.  Their  living  children 
are  William  A.,  James  B.  and  Lydia  A.;  they  lost  3:  Edward, 
John,  and  one  in  infancy.  Mr.  Mahair  died  in  ls7.'>.  lie  was 
School  Director  many  years. 

N.  D.  J/'*.£i'tfr*,  merchant,  Montezuma,  was  lK)rn  in  this  township 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  463 

in  1846;  is  the  only  livinor  child  of  T.  L.  and  Sarah  (Aiken)  McEvers, 
natives  of  Ohio,  who  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1829,  traveling 
the  entire  distance  in  keel-boat?.  He  settled  on  his  present  place 
at  Montezuma  and  was  for  years  engaged  in  boating.  He  is  still  a 
living  relict  of  early  times.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  received  his 
early  education  at  the  Jacksonville  Business  College,  at  which  in- 
stitution he  was  graduated  in  1868.  Returning  home,  his  time  was 
divided  between  teaching  and  advancing  his  education  at  the  Nor- 
mal School  at  Bloomington.  In  1874  he  purchased  the  building 
and  stock  of  goods  of  S.  B.  Clemraons,  to  which  he  has  built  an 
addition  and  increased  the  stock,  now  amounting  to  about  $4,000, 
with  an  increasing  trade.  He  is  also  extensively  engaged  in  the 
grain  and  commission  business.  He  has  been  Township  Treasurer 
many  years  and  Township  Collector  one  j'ear;  is  Supervisor  at 
the  present  time,  being  the  first  Greenback  Supervisor  in  the 
county;  has  also  been  Postmaster  most  of  the  time  during  his  busi- 
ness career.  In  1873  he  was  married  to  Miss  Adelia,  daughter  of 
Franklin  Morton,  a  native  of  this  county.  Theodore  F,  is  their 
only  living  child. 

John  G .  Mltcliell^  firm  of  Mitchell  &  Battershell,  merchants.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Monroe  Co.,  0.,  in  1835.  He  was 
married  in  1859  to  Miss  iVbby  McCurdy,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania, 
who  died  in  Ohio.  In  1865  he  enlisted  in  the  194th  O.  V.  I.,  Co. 
1,  as  private,  and  was  promoted  to  2d  and  Ist  Lieutenant,  which 
he  filled  at  the  close  of  the  war.  Same  year  he  moved  to  this  State 
and  settled  in  Lawrence  Co.,  where  he  engaged  as  clerk;  subse- 
quently he  removed  to  Clay  Co.  and  followed  the  same  calling  for 
7  years,  when  he  cast  his  lot  in  a  large  commercial  house  in  St. 
Louis  in  the  capacity  of  book-keeping.  In  1875  he  came  to  this 
county  and  engaged  as  clerk  with  Butler  &  Adams,  until  the  form- 
ation of  the  present  partnership  in  1878.  His  present  wife,  Maggie, 
nee  Goshern,  is  a  native  of  this  State,  by  whom  he  has  2  children, 
James  M.  and  Jennie.  Mr.  M.  is  a  Democrat,  a  iS^otary  Public, 
and  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Hobert  0.  Morris,  proprietor  Grange  Company  Warehouse,  Mon- 
tezuma, is  a  native  of  Adair  Co.,  Ky.,  where  he  was  born  Dec.  8, 
1850;  came  to  this  county  in  Sept.,  1874,  and  for  a  time  engaged  in 
farming.  Subsequently  he  purchased  an  interest  in  the  store  of 
W.  II.  Hall  at  Milton.  Nine  months  afterward  he  sold  out  and 
took  possession  of  the  warehouse  in  Jan.,  1880,  where  he  is  doing  a 
large  trade  in  lumber,  grain,  lime  and  cement,  and  is  an  active, 
energetic,  thorough  business  man. 

Jackson  Morton,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.  Milton;  son  of  "William 
Morton,  who  settled  in  this  township  in  1830,  where  he  is  still  a 
living  representative  of  the  pioneers.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Hawkins  Co.,  Tenn.,  in  1827;  was  married  in  1856 
toMiss  Ann  Main,  a  native  of  England;  the  same  year  lie  settled 
upon  his  present  estate,  consisting  of  120  acres,  valued  at  $40  per 
acre.     He  is  a  lineal  descendant  of  the  pioneer  family,    and  well 


404  IIISTOKV    OF    I'IKE    COUN'IT. 

known  tlirou:,'liout  the  town  and  county,  Rosan  A.,  ^Tary,  Emma, 
an<l  Carrie  aro  liis  liviiii;chiKlren :  2  deceassed,  William,  jr.,  ami  Ida. 
WlUuiiii  JLi/'ton,  farmer,  sec.  1'.';  P.  U.  Milton;  was  born  in 
Cheatham  Co.,  X.  Carolina,  in  1800,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Annie 
(l^oe)  Morton,  mitives  of  N.  C,  who  emi^^rated  at  an  early  day  to 
Tennessee,  thence  to  this  county,  and  settled  on  sec.  14,  in  1R30. 
IJoth  dieil  in  this  township.  Tlie  stihjeet  of  this  sketch  left  home 
when  10  years  of  age  and  went  to  Tennessee,  where  he  remained 
until  1880,  when  he  came  to  this  township  and    settled  upon  his 

Fjresent  farm,  consisting  of  120  acres  of  valuable  land,  at  that  time 
uit  a  wildrrness  and  rei^ort  for  roving  Indians.  Ho  was  niiii-ried  in 
1824  in  Tennessee.  ti»  Miss  Cecil  (ieorge,  a  native  of  that  State. 
To  them  were  burn  1 1  children,  6  of  whom  are  living, — Eiiza, 
Jackson,  Williurn,  Jeremiah,  Win.  (\,  and  Celia.  His  jiresent 
wife,  Lucinda,  wt-' Castile,  is  a  native  of  Tennessee.  ^Ir.  M.  is  one 
of  the  oldest  living  settlers  of  this  township.  He  lived  0  weeks 
in  a  small  brush  liut  that  stood  on  the  site  of  his  present  home. 
He  is  now  almost  totally  blind,  and  thougli  80  years  of  age,  his 
mind  and  mcmorv  are  clear.  He  .served  5  or  0  vears  as  Constable, 
and  i>  .one  of  I'ike's  oldest  pi«)neers.  He  is  the  father  of  2  children 
by  his  last  marriage,  Joseph  C  and  (ieorge  F. 

C/uirtes  11.  Jieuoud,  farmer,  see.  32;  P.  O.  Pearl;  was  born  in 
Fairtiel  1,  Conn.,  in  1S20.  His  parents  were  Stephen  P.  and  Lydia 
(DonaMsoni  lienoud,  natives  of  that  State,  who  came  to  this  count}' 
in  ls;i7.  pureha>ed  land  and  returned.  Their  final  settlement  was 
made  in  1843,  in  Detroit  township,  where  he  lived  until  '55,  when 
he  sold  out  and  went  to  Ohio.  Tiie  following  year  he  settled  in 
in  Henry  Co.,  111.,  and  on  the  homestead  in  this  county  in 
1^04,  where  hedied  iti  I80r,.  She  is  still  living  in  the  SOth  year  of 
her  age.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1844  to  Mary 
Wickam,  a  native  of  Kent,  England,  who  died  March  5,  1805,  and 
!•  children  have  been  born  to  them:  (ieorge  F.,  (Jan»line,  Marv, 
Eliza, Marsha,  li«tbert  E.,  Uichard  (i.,  Charles  II.  and  Stejihen.  His 
present  wife,  Kary,  daughter  of  Hiram  Duti',  is  a  native  of  Kentucky, 
who  settled  near  Milton  in  1825.  The  family  can  be  numbered 
among  the  early  pilgrims  of  Montezuma  tp. 

D<tvid  liobeits,  tanner,  sec.  33;  P.  O.  Kedfttrd;  was  born  in 
Delaware  Co.,  Aug.  8,  1833,  and  is  the  son  of  David  and  Lovina 
(Pool)  Roberts,  natives  of  Vermont  and  New  York,  who  came  to 
this  county  in  1837,  and  entered  land  on  sees.  29  and  3<'»,  and  went 
to  <3hio;  returned  in  1S3^  and  settled  on  sec.  30;  subse<juently  he 
moved  to  Hardin  t(»wnship  and  Spring  Creek,  thence  to  Pleasant 
Hill,  and  in  1850  he  moved  the  family  to  Pittsfield  and  crossed 
the  plains  to  California,  returning  in  1851.  Hedied  at  his  home  in 
1850.  He  was  a  minister  of  the  Christian  denomination,  to  which 
he  gave  much  of  his  time.  His  estimable  wife  died  in  1872.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1862  to  Miss  Susan,  daughter 
of  Asa  Cooper,  a  native  of  this  countv.     Lavinia  E.,  Lizzie,  John 


IlISTOUT    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  465 

J.,  Diivid,  jr.,  and  George,  are  tlieir  livinf^  cliildien.     ]\[r.  and  Mrs. 
R.  are  nieniberii  of  the  Christian  Church. 

WiJJiam  lioU'ffs,  fixvmev,  ,»(.'(!.  L'T;  P.  O.  Milton:  was  born  in 
En<:;land  in  185o,  and  LMni<^rated  to  America  in  1807,  stop|)in<^  in 
Peoria  county  one  year,  when  he  came  to  this  county,  wliere  he  has 
since  made  it  his  home.  He  was  married  in  1875  to  Mivss  Ellen 
Crane,  a  native  ot"  Eiiijland.  To  them  have  Iteen  horn  3  children, 
Frederick,  Caroline  and  Mary  Ellen,  lie  settled  on  his  ])resent 
farm  in  1S65,  consisting  of  65  acres,  valued  at  >^'2,000.  He  is  a 
Deacon  of  the  Christian  Church,  of  which  his  family  are  members. 
William  P.  Sargertt^  proprietor  of  liotel,  Bedford,  was  born  in 
W(»rcester  Co.,  Mass.,  in  1825,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and 
Polly  (Frost)  Sargent,  who  emigrated  from  that  State  in  1839  and 
settled  in  Summer  Hill.  Some  years  later  they  moved  to  this 
township  and  settled  south  of  Bedford,  wliere  tliey  both  died.  The 
subject  ofjthis  sketch  was  married  in  1853  to  Miss  Plarriet  E., 
daughter  of  Silas  A.  Chandler,  a  native  of  this  county.  In  1838  he 
moved  to  Bedford  and  engaged  at  milling  some  years,  an'd  opened 
public  house  in  1871.  He  owns  the  hotel  and  37  acres  of  land, 
valued  at  83,000.  Mr.  S.  is  the  father  of  3  children,  Wm.  O., 
Hattie  p].  and  Martha.  Is  School  Director,  and  one  of  the  oldest 
and  most  worthy  citizens. 

Nohle  S/((no,  fartner,  sec.  6;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  son  of  Aaron 
and  Phcebe  (Nardike)  Shaw,  natives  of  Xorth  Carolina,  where  she 
died  at  an  early  day.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Guil- 
ford Co.,  N.  C,  in  1819.  and  emigrated  with  his  father  to  this 
county  in  the  fall  of  1829,  sto]i])ing  through  the  winter  at  Mon- 
tezuma, and  the  following  s])ring  settling  on  Franklin  Prairie, 
where  he  died  in  1830.  Bereft  of  ]iarents  while  yet  a  youth,  and 
left  alone  in  the  wilderness,  he  sought  employment  among  the 
scattered  settlers  of  Pike.  By  strict  economy  he  was  in  a  few  years 
enabled  to  purchase  60  acres  of  his  present  estate,  which  he  has 
since  increased  to  120.  He  was  married  in  184-5  to  Miss  Julia  A. 
Franc,  a  native  of  Kentucky,  where  she  was  born  in  1826.  To 
them  have  been  born  9  children,  all  of  whom  are  living:  Mary, 
William  T.,  Ada  A.,  James  A.,  John,  Louella,  Frank  M.,  Daniel  B. 
and  Yirgil.  ^Ir.  S.  has  served  as  Roatl  Commissioner,  School 
Trustee  and  Director  several  years,  and  numbers  among  those  of 
the  early  settlers,  an  honored  and  respected  citizen. 

W.  S.  Smith,  of  the  firm  of  Butler  it  Smith,  grocers,  Milton,  was 
born  in  Detroit  tp.,  this  county,  in  1859,  the  son  of  Richard  Smith, 
an  early  settler  of  this  countv,  where  lie  died  in  1863.  This  firm 
succeeded  John  T.  Hall  in  this  trade  in  1879,  and  although  young 
men,  their  energies  and  abilities  call  out  a  large  and  increasing 
trade. 

Z,.  J.  SniitJi>'rman,  retired  fanner,  was  born  in  Uutherford  Co., 
Tenn.,  Jan.  7,  1819;  was  married  to  ^liss  .Miriel  Brown,  a  native 
of  Lawrence  Co.,  Ala.,  where  she  was  bon.  March  22,  1821.  Of 
this  marriage  6  children  have  been  born,  one  (»f  whom  is  living,  Wil- 
liam, who  married  Louisa  Lester  in  1863,  and  thev  have  3  children. 


460  HI8TOKY    OF    riKE   COUNTY. 

Otis,  Miivo  aiul  Inez.  Mr.  S.  sottloil  in  Morgan  C<i.,  near  Jack- 
sonvillf,  ill  1n27.  Jesse  and  .lincy  iJrown.  jwireiits  of  Mrs  S., 
were  early  pioneerii  in  tliat  county.  Three  years  afterward  lie 
moved  to  McI)^>noiii;li  county,  thence  to  (Jeneva  county,  ami  hack 
to  his  native  State;  returnin;^:.  lie  st'ttled  in  I)etr»»it  tj».,  where  he 
etill  owns  2<>o  acres,  the  original  honle^tead.  Mr.  S.  has  heen 
prominent  in  the  county,  having  8erve<l  as  Assessor  a  numher  of 
years.  Supervisor  a  number  of  ternH  and  elected  (county  Treasurer 
in  isOT;  was  re-elected  in  1869,  an  1  is  Village  Trustee  at  the 
j)res4'nt  time.      Democrat. 

Elisfi'i  Soicars,  farmer,  sec.  26;  1*.  < ).  Hedtord;  was  Iwrn  in 
Hamilton  Co.,  N.  J.,  in  1813;  he  is  the  son  of  Henry  ami  Ann 
(Potter)  Sowers,  natives  of  that  State,  who  enji<;ratiMl  to  ()hio,  where 
they  b<»th  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  marrit'd  in  Ls.SO  to 
Miss  ('arolino  Sco^gin,  u  native  of  Hamilton  county.  (>.,  where  she 
was  born  in  1816.  Their  chihlren  are  Melissa,  Henry,  Mary, 
Tliomas  A.,  Oliver,  William  W.,  Hi'uton,  Kdward  and  .Vmanda. 
Mr.  S)wurs  came  to  this  county  in  1S56  and  srttled  t»n  Ids  |«res«'nt 
estate,  consisting  of  Tit"  acres.  Mr.  S.  is  the  lar'jrst  lanil-holii«'r  in 
the  townshi|>,  and  is  a  well  known  citizen. 

Oliver  Sowers,  farmer,  sec.  34;  I*.  O.  Milton;  was  Inirn  in  Ham- 
ilton Co.,  O.,  in  l'^4!».  and  is  the  stui  t»f  KIi^ha  an<l  Candin*- (S»'i»<^- 
pin)  Sowers,  and  cam*'  to  this  coutjly  with  his  |>arenls  in  IS^O;  wjis 
married  iti  1861)  to  Miss  ^fIlry  Nic*>lay,  a  native  of  this  county; 
has  a  farm  of  I'Jd  acres  uf  well  cultivated  land.  He  is  a  School 
Dirt'ctor,  ami  numl»ers  ainoti^  Monteztnna's  enter|trisin^  farmers. 
Gusty,  Francis.  .John  H.  and  Archey  are  their  chiliiren. 

Jane  Sfeirirt,  sec  2«>;  P.  O.  Milton;  is  the  widow  of  Hcnja- 
min  Stewart,  who  was  Uirn  in  Kock  Castle  Co.,  Ky.,  Anril  26,  18(»9. 
He  came  to  this  county  at  an  early  day  aticj  setllo<l  in  this  t4»wnsliip, 
where  he  reside*!  until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Kldorado,  Kan., 
July  2J,  l'^74.  Ho  was  marrietl  Dec.  6,  1S38.  to  Miss  Jan*-,  daugh- 
ter of  Thompson  and  Sarah  A.  (Smith)  Williams,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  who  was  born  in  Scott  Co.,  Ky.,  April  '^,  1S2(',  a  de- 
scen<lant  of  the  lijiins  family,  of  N'iririniati  «>ri/^in.  Mr.  S.  made 
his  lirst  settlement  on  the  present  farm  of  Jo^iah  Hoover,  and  was 
amon^  the  early  pioneers.  He  was  a  citizen  highly  esteemed,  and 
left  a  lar^e  circle  of  friends.  Of  their  several  cliilurcn  6  are  livitJi;: 
Thtunpson  W.,  Sarah  Ji.,  I*hiladelphia  O.,  William  L..  Julia  A. 
and  Emma  U.  Wm.  L.  resides  on  the  homestead,  upon  which  his 
parents  settled  in  1851.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S,  were  members  of  the 
Christian  Church. 

Henri/  Tankershy,  farmer,  sec.  1,  P.  U.  M.-iitt-zuiua;  was  burn 
in  Scott  county  in  1S54,  and  is  the  son  of  Edward  and  Pliol>e 
(Sweet)  Tankersley,  natives  of  Kentucky,  who  settled  in  Mortran 
county  in  1821,  then  in  Scott  county  in  1840,  He  surveyed!  both 
counties  for  early  settlements,  and  was  County  Ju<l<:e  in  \'iO\\\  Mor- 
gan and  Scott  counties.  In  1n64  he  came  to  this  county,  and 
settled  on  the  farm  now  occupied  by  Lis  son  and  widow,  where  he 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  467 

died  in  1866.  His  life  was  marked  with  a  degree  of  prominence 
tlir()Uii:;li()iit.  lie  was  Magistrate  many  years,  and  an  early  pioneer 
of  Morgan  county,  llo  left  3  cliildren,  all  of  whom  are  living: 
Lyman  T.,  Thomas  and  Sarah.  Mr.  T.  has  a  farm  of  140  acres, 
valued  at  $-1:0  per  acre. 

David  L.  Thurman^  farmer,  sec.  21;  P.  O.  Milton;  was  born  in 
Cumberland  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1834,  and  is  the  son  of  James  and 
Polly  (Robinson)  Thurman,  natives  of  Kentucky  and  So.  Carolina, 
who  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1837,  and  settled  on  the  present 
homestead,  consistino^  of  140  acres,  100  of  which  is  now  under  cul- 
tivation, valued  at  $40  per  acre.  He  died  Feb.  2,  ls71,  and  she 
followed  him  Feb.  2,  1S77.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  mar- 
ried August,  1S5S,  to  Miss  Martha  A.,  daughter  of  William  Smith, 
the  first  settler  of  Winchester,  Scott  county,  where  she  was  born 
in  1833.  Priscilla  and  Amarilla  are  their  living  children.  Mrs. 
T.  has  been  a  life-long  invalid,  but  tenderly  cared  for  by  a  fond 
liusband  and  children,  Mr.  T.  had  no  opportunities  for  education, 
but  through  his  energy  and  indomitable  will  has  accumulated  con- 
siderable property.  The  family  are  members  of  the  Christian 
Church,  and  number  among  the  early  settlers  and  highly  respected 
citizens. 

Thomas  L.  Thurman,  farmer,  sec.  21;  P.  O.  Milton;  was  born 
in  Franklin  Co.,  Ya.,  in  1799,  son  of  David  and  Susanna  (Left- 
wich),  natives  of  that  State,  where  they  died.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  emigrated  to  Cumberland  Co.,  Ky.,  where  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Millie  Black,  who  was  born  in  Bedford  Co.,  Ya., 
in  1801;  she  died  in  this  county  in  1871.  To  them  were  born  9 
children,  5  of  whom  are  living:  Sarah  A.,  William  H.,  James  L., 
John  T.  (who  married  Mary  Boren.  By  this  marriage  3  grand- 
children surround  him),  Lolu,  Unie,  and  Howard.  Henrietta, 
the  youngest  daughter,  resides  on  the  homestead.  Mr.  T.  came  to 
this  county  in  1842,  and  settled  on  his  present  estate  of  120  acres, 
valued  at  S^O  per  acre;  he  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist  denomi- 
nation, and  politically  belongs  to  the  old-line  Whigs. 

Benjamin  F.  Wheeler,  retired  farmer;  residence,  Milton;  was 
born  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  in  1818,  the  son  of  Benjamin  and 
Mary  (McCarty)  Wheeler,  natives  of  Kentucky  and  Pennsylvania, 
respectively,  who  emigrated  to  Illinois  in  1834,  and  settled  in  Pearl 
township,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
married  in  Pearl  in  1844  to  Miss  Almira,  daughter  of  Peter  Clem- 
mons,  who  settled  in  this  county  in  1829.  Of  their  several  chil- 
dren, but  one  is  living:  John  A.,  who  married  Amanta  Morton. 
Two  children  have  been  born  to  them,  Cora  B.  and  Anna  R.  Mr. 
W.  settled  in  this  township  in  1863.  and  on  his  present  estate  in 
1875,  consisting  of  80^  acres,  valued  at  sloO  per  acre.  The  home- 
stead occupied  by  his  son  has  173  acres,  besides  12  acres  of  timber. 
Mr.  W.  is  a  self-made  man;  his  o])portunities  for  education  were 
limited,  and  his  success  has  been  effected  only  through  his  untiring 
industry.  Is  one  of  the  "City  Fathers,"  and  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church. 


PEAKI.  TOWNSHIP. 

This  is  the  uutist  sciutheastern  townshij)  of  the  count  v.  It  is 
mostly  tiinl>erc<l  larul,  with  a  small  strij)  of  prairie  lainl  near  its 
center.  It  ishouinletl  t»n  the  east  i>v  the  Illiiinis  river,  and  a ''reater 
jtart  of  the  t«»\vnshij»  is  very  rou^ii,  ami  is  atlaj>te<l  i>rinei|»ally  to 
stock-raising.  The  tirst  settlers  to  locate  within  its  ounlers  came 
alu.ut  1S24  or  18'J5,  and  were  A.  Perkins,  J.  R.  Ottwell,  William 
Pruett  ami  John  Ottwell.  Thf  tirbt  iMJprovt'nuMits  wt-re  made  on 
sections  15  and  27.  Ainoii:;  the  more  pnimintiit  early  settlersof 
the  townshiu  were  Thomas  S.  Lon^,  Thomas  Lumley  and  William 
Camerer.  The  tirst  child  Ixirn  in  the  township  was  John  Ottwell, 
and  the  tirst  ix-rson  to  die  was  Thomas  Murray.  The  first  ))artie8 
married  were  William  Ottwell  and  Miss  ILichel  Collins.  They 
were  united  hy  Ilev.  Mr.  Osborn,  u  Ha)»tist  minihter,  who  also 
i»reaehed  the  tirst  sermon  in  the  township,  in  IS'JD.  in  the  house  of 
John  Ottwell.  The  first  scho<d-hi>use  was  ereeted  in  18.'>7  on  sec- 
tion 28.  The  first  church  was  huilt  in  1^07.  The  fir^t  Justice  of 
the  Peace  was  James  McCunm'll. 

VU-I-.VoES. 

Pearl. — The  village  of  I*earl  i8  quite  an  old  town,  and  is  situated 
on  sections  IT).  17  and  *J0,  and  contains  about  50  inhahitants. 

/>Vv  Ci'ftk  villa;:*?  i»'  situated  on   Hee  creek,    section    'V.'>,  an<l    is 
Hl)out  the  size  of  Pearl.    It  contains  a  postolHce,  a  snmll 
store,  a  stiw.  a  thmrin^r  mill,  a  hlacksmith  sho)>  and  a  physician. 

J?tr  Crtt'k  M ills. — This  establishment  was  first  built  in  ]^50  as  a 
horse-mill,  and  in  1S57  it  was  proj)elled  l)y  steam.  In  1^»m  it  was 
torn  «K»wn  and  rebuilt  by  (it-orge  Schutz.  Mr.  Wm.  Wheeler  jMir- 
chased  it  the  same  year  and  is  still  its  owner.  It  is  now  operated 
by  (t.  W.  Ritberts,  and  be  it  to  his  credit  to  say  that  Mr.  Iti^berts 
makes  the  best  tjuality  of  flour  and  has  a  large  run  of  custom.  A 
frw  years  ago  j»eo]>le  came  a  distance  of  25  miles  to  this  mill. 
There  is  also  a  saw-mill  attached  to  it. 

Pearl  Station. — This  is  the  largest  village  in  the  townshijt,  con- 
taining about  150  irjhabitants,  and  is  situated  ii)>on  the  Louisiana 
branch  of  the  Chicago,  Alton  cS:  St.  Louis  railroad.  It  was  sur- 
veyed by  order  of  Thomas  S.  Long,  guardian  of  the  heirs  of  Samuel 
Fulcher,  and  is  located  on  the  southwest  quarter  of  section  10.     It 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  460 

was  surveyed  in  September,  1S72,  by  County  Surveyor  II,  J.  Harris. 
Chowroiij  is  the  name  of  a  little  settlement  on  section  33. 

CHURCHES. 

Trinity  M.E.  Church  is  located  at  Pearl  Landing  on  the  Illinois 
river.  It  was  organized  in  1856  by  Rev.  E.  Elliott,  with  six  mem- 
bers, at  the  house  of  T.  H.  Lincoln.  It  was  known  by  the  name 
of  Pearl  Landing  M.  E.  Church,  which  name  it  continued  to  bear 
until  1871,  when  the  present  church  structure  was  erected.  The 
Society  worshiped  in  Mr.  Lincoln's  liouse  for  two  3'ears,  when  they 
removed  their  place  of  worship  to  the  Pearl  Prairie  school-house. 
While  worshiping  at  this  ])lace  the  Society  was  more  commonly 
known  as  the  Pearl  Prairie  j\I.  E.  Church,  but  was  really  the  same 
organization.  In  1869  the  Society  moved  to  the  new  school-house 
at  Pearl  Landing,  and  in  ISJl  occupied  the  present  church  edifice. 
Pev.  Charles  Mclvown  is  Pastor. 

Pearl  Prairie  Christian  Church  was  organized  several  years  ago, 
and  in  1867  erected  a  neat  house  of  worship  in  Pearl  on  section  UO. 

Below  we  give  personal  sketches  of  some  of  the  more  prominent 
citizens  f)f  the  township. 

James  II.  Dawsott,  physician,  was  born  in  "Warren  county,  Ind., 
Aug.  3,  1836,  and  is  a  son  of  John  W.  and  Effie  A.  Dawson;  was 
educated  in  the  common  schools,  and  at  the  age  of  24  enlisted  in 
the  late  war,  Co.  D,  1st  Mo.  Inft.,  where  he  served  for  2  years. 
He  is  a  graduate  of  the  Keokuk  Medical  College,  in  Keokuk,  Iowa  ; 
began  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Pleasant  Hill,  this  county,  in 
1874,  remaining  there  one  year.  He  then  located  in  Chowrow, 
this  county,  where  he  still  resides  and  has  built  up  a  good  practice. 
In  Feb.,  1858,  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Hamner,  daughter  of  Jesse 
Hamner,  deceased,  an  early  settler  of  this  county,  and  they  have 
3  children — Mollie,  Anna  and  Flora. 

Enoch  W.  Garrison  was  born  in  Posey  county,  Ind..  Dec.  22, 
1818.  He  is  a  son  of  Elijah  Garrison,  who  landed  his  family  in  this 
county  long  before  railroads  were  thought  of  and  when  the  Indians 
and  wild  animals  roamed  at  large,  and  the  wolves  made  the  night 
hideous  by  their  constant  howling.  He  located  in  Montezuma  tp. 
Enoch  W.  hunted  coons  where  Milton  now  stands,  and  on  one  oc- 
casion a  i)anther  chased  their  dog's  from  the  huntin<;  <;rounds.  He 
was  deprived  of  educational  advantages,  as  there  were  no  schools  in 
the  first  settlement  of  this  county.  In  a  few  years,  however,  came 
the  days  of  subscri|)tion  schools  and  teachers  with  ox  gatis  in  their 
hands;  he  attended  school  for  a  short  time  in  a  log  cabin  where 
Milton  now  stands.  He  has  been-  married  three  times,  and  is  the 
father  of  8  children,  of  whom  4  are  living;  William,  Lewis  A., 
Hannah  L.  and  Enoch  W.  Mr.  G.  is  enofaj'ed  in  farmini>:and  stock- 
raising,  and  resides  on  sec.  2.  this  tp. ;  has  been  a  hunter  all  his  life; 
hunting  and  trapping  in  winter  and  farming  during  the  summei. 

Ransom  Kessinger,  a  native  of  Scott  county.  111.,  was  born  Sept. 
3,  1830,  and  is  a  son  of  Solomon  Kessinger,deceased,  well  known  in 


470  IIISTttHY    OK    IMKi;    COINTY. 

tlie  pioneer  days  of  Scott  ouiinty.  llu  wasa  native  of  Kentucky  and 
canie  to  .lacksonville  in  l^^'Jr*,  when  there  was  hut  one  houtio 
in  that  city;  came  to  this  county  witii  Ijis  family  in  1841  and  set- 
tled in  IVarl  tp.,  where  lie  resided  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
Feb.  10,  18«)2.  Oar  siihjcct  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  received  a 
commi»n. school  education;  served  'S  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  I, 
*jyth  Keg.  1.  V.  I.,  and  was  in  the  foilowin;:;  battles:  liartsville. 
Mo.,  sie^c  of  Vicksbur;;,  Champion  Hills,  lilack  Uiver  liridge, 
^[ata;^orda.  Fort  (Taiiies,  on  Mobile  Hay,  and  otheri);  he  was  hon- 
oralily  dischar^jed  in  1^»;.'».  June  11,  1>^03,  he  njarried  Sarah  .F. 
IV-acock,  dau;^hter  v\'  Henry  l'eac<»ck,  deceased,  an  early  settler  of 
Pike  ctiunty;  they  have  had  1<>  children,  of  whom  8  are  livin-;, — 
Henry,  Nancy,  Catharine.  Jacob,  l*eter,  liJins<im,  Martha  and  John. 
Mr.  Kessinger  is  enga;:ed  in  farming  and  stock-raising,  and  resides 
on  sec.  'JO.      He  is  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

2ftotmi8  S.  Lt'Utj  WHS  Ixirn  in  l»ucks   countv,   I'a.,  Oct.  ,'J,    I**"?: 

Imrents  tirst  move*!  to  New  Jersey;  he  moved  fnun  that  State  with 
lis  family  in  an  early  day  and  locatcil  in  this  then  wild  country. 
They  are  the  olde^t  married  immigrants  living  in  IVarl  tji.  Mr. 
I»ng  is  a  Son  of  Morgim  an<l  ICachel  L<»ng.  deceiised.  Mr^.  Long 
was  born  Nov.  7,  IMo,  and  it>  a  daughter  td"  lijirney  and  Margaret 
l)eemer,  deceasctl;  they  have  had  1'  children,  id'  whom  5  arc  living 
— Thomas  S.,  Morgan.  Mary  A.,  Kii/alM-th  and  Kachel.  .Mr.  I/ong 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  for  3  or  4  years  after  the  close 
of  the  war,  but  now  is  relire<l  from  active  business  and  resides  in 
l*earl,  on  sec.  Ifi.  In  early  da^'s  he  had  to  g«>  a  distance  of  IH  or  20 
miles  tt»  mill;  at  one  time  he  went  in  a  wootlen-wheeleil  wagon, 
was  water  bouml  while  gone,  and  was  •  •  i  'i-  to  get  to  the  mill; 
lie  stopped  at  a  luThe-mill  and  staiil  over  >  .* ,  when  they  ground 
the  corn  the  same  day,  and  he  returned  on  Monday. 

T}v»mn%  S.  I^n^h'^r.,  was  burn  June  21,  1>^33,  in  Pucks  county, 
Pa.,  and  is  a  son  of  Tiiomas  S.  I^»ng,  of  Pearl  Prairie;  cain«'  to 
Illinois  with  his  parents  in  \<M>.  Aug.  27,  1>54,  he  married  Mary 
C.  Peac«»ck,  daughter  of  Henry  Peac«»ck.  dec.,  an  early  settler  of 
Calhoun  county,  HI.,  and  they  have  had  lo  children.  8  of  wluim  are 
liviuL'.—  Henry  T..  Fannie  L.,  Sarali  M..  Nancy  A.,  P«»lly  ('.,  James 
W.,  Ktiie  C.,  and  Pjttisoin  A.  Mr.  Long  is  a  carpenter,  and  also  a 
farmer,  on  sec.  10  this  tp. 

A.  J.  Ottweil  is  the  ohlest  settler  living  in  Pearl  tp.,and  was  \h)T\\ 
in  Poss  County,  O.,  April  22,  1M7;  is  a  son  <»f  .lohn  an*!  Zyj»oriah 
Otwell,  dec,  who  were  natives  of  Delaware.  Mr.  Ottwell  was  brought 
here  by  his  parents  in  182.S,  was  raibcil  on  a  farm,  received  but  4 
months'  schooling,  and  that  in  a  subscription  scluMtl.  He  is  a  s(^>lf- 
made  man,  and  has  tilled  every  office  in  the  tp.  except  Justice  of 
the  Peace.  The  Plack  Hawk  Indians  camped  on  the  sam<?  latjd 
Mr.  Otwell  now  owns.  At  that  time  there  were  but  '.\  families  in 
the  tp.,  vi/:  Joshua  an<l  John  Ottwell  and  Abraham  Janes.  He 
went  20  miles  to  mill.  His  father  was  the  first  blacksmith  in  the 
county  and  erected  a  shop  near  the  mouth  of  Bee  creek  in  i*earl  ip., 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  471 

in  Dec,  1828.  The  next  sliop  was  erected  in  Atlas  by  Benjamin 
Barney  in  1830.  When  people  came  from  Atlas  and  the  snrround- 
ing  connir/  to  Mr.  Ottwell's  shop,  they  would  make  a  visit  of  several 
days,  and  tish  antl  hunt  while  their  work  was  being  done  in  the  shop. 
Feb.  29,  1844,  he  married  Miss  Mary  A.  Henry,  daughter  of  Jacob 
Henry,  dec,  an  early  pioneer.  They  have  had  12  children,  8  of 
whom  are  living,  namely,  Mary  J..  Charles,  George  A.,  Elizabeth, 
Alex.  J  ,  Louise,  Sarah  and  Emalissa  C.  Inearly  life  Mr.  Otwell 
engaged  in  boating  8  years,  but  is  now  a  tanner  and  stock-raiser, 
residing  on  sec.  9. 

Joshua  R.  Ottwell.  a  native  of  this  county,  was  born  Oct.  6, 1845, 
and  is  a  son  of  William  Ottwell;  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  edu- 
cated in  the  common  schools;  was  a  soldier  in  the  late  war  in  Co, 
G,  137th  Reg.  I.V.I.  In  1865  he  married  Miss  Lucy  Woods, 
daughter  of  James  Woods,  dec  They  have  had  6  children,  of  whom 
4  are  living,  namely, — Thomas  J.,  Frances  L.,  Jesse  E.  and  Walter 
J.  Mr.  O.  is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising,  and  resides  on 
the  old  homestead,  sec  28. 

George  W.  Roherts  was  born  in  Kinderhook  Dec.  25,  1841,  and 
is  a  son  of  Ezekiel  Roberts.  In  1^52,  he,  in  company  with  his 
eldest  sister,  started  for  California;  when  about  half  way  across  the 
plains  his  sister  sickened  and  died,  leaving  him,  but  a  boy,  alone  in 
a  dreary  country.  He  returned  and  worked  by  the  month  in  this 
county  until  he  accumulated  some  capital,  when  he  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  on  Bee  creek;  he  sold  outto  Mr.  Smith  in  1876, 
and  has  since  been  operating  the  Bee  Creek  Mills.  He  has  served 
8  terms?  as  Supervisor,  and  has  tilled  every  other  tp.  ofKce  except 
Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  married  Lowena  Albert,  by  whom  he  had 
7  children,  viz:  Josephine,  George  E.,  Ezekiel,  Mary,  Wm.  J., 
Jajnes  W.  and  Florence. 

'William  Wheeler  was  born  in  Clermont  county,  O.,  March  7, 1823, 
and  is  a  son  of  Benjamin  Wheeler,  dec.  He  came  to  this  county 
in  1834,  and  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  on  sec.  32.  In  1843  he 
married  Matilda  Battershell,  and  they  have  had  12  children;  7  are 
living,  ■'HZ  :  Washington  W.,  Nancy,  Matilda  W.,  Amanda  M., 
Dora  E  ,  Sarah  E.  and  Lora  M.  Mr.  W.  went  to  California  in  1849, 
and  returned  in  1852.  He  used  to  kill  deer  and  turkeys  ;  helped 
raise  a  house  in  1836  in  a  valley  where  sycamores  liave  since  grown 
12  inches  in  diameter. 

William  T.  Williams^  physician,  was  born  in  Adams  county.  III., 
Mardi  20,  1841,  and  is  a  son  of  G.  W.  Williams,  of  that  county. 
He  received  a  common-school  education,  and  at  the  age  of  16  years 
began  to  read  medicine;  he  was  graduated  at  the  Iowa  Medical 
College  at  Keokuk,  and  began  practice  in  this  tp.  in  April,  1869, 
where  he  still  resides  and  has  a  large  practice.  JuJy  16,  1863,  he 
married  Margaret  A.  Walker,  daughter  of  Archibald  Walker,  dec, 
and  they  have  had  5  children,  3  of  whom  are  living,  namely,  George 
F.,  llattie  B.  and  Myra  Grace.  Few  doctors  have  built  up  so  large 
a  practice  in  so  short  a  time  as  has  Dr.  Williams.  He  was  in  the 
late  war  in  Co.  K.,  53d  Mo. 


PERRY  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township,  wliicli  in  many  respects  is  second  to  none  in  the 
County,  ii»  in  the  northern  part  of  the  county,  and  is  hounded  upon 
the  nortli  l»y  Hrowti  county,  on  tlio  i-ast  hy  P^iiirnmnnt  townsliip, 
on  tlje  south  hv  (Trii.'ij!?vilk',  ami  on  tliu  ^vl»^t  hv  Ciumiherohur^ 
township.  When  it  wa-i  first  setth'd  tiiere  was  hut  little  prairie 
hinil  within  its  Ijortlers;  almost  tlie  entire  surface  was  covered  with 
tiniU'r;  nuich  of  it,  however,  was  of  stnall  jjfrowth.  Wo  now  hi'hold 
hi«;hly  iMijirovetl  and  cultivatt^l  farm-.  lhn»u;;hout  tiie  township, 
the  rcfult  of  the  well  directed  lahor  ot'  the  pioneers,  their  descend- 
ants, and  those  who  Citine  here  in  later  years.  Ainon^  the  early 
pil;;riins  who  located  here  prior  an<I  up  to  is.'i.'i,  we  mention  James 
II.  Clu'tioweth,  RtU'rt  ( irpp>ry,  William  lirownin^.  Jait'.cs  Rit- 
chie, .Matthew  l>ale,  (iideon  j'entlev,  Joseph  Kin::.  David  Johnson, 
B.  L.  Matthews,  Nicholas  James.  David  C'hIMs,  John  Uoncj,  Chas. 
Dorsey,  Joseph  (,'avender,  John  Hume.  Ahel  Shelley,  John  Mat- 
thews, Mr.  Livelady  and  John  Ciillaspie.  The  lalt«'r  six  ^'eiitle- 
meii  came  to  the  county  as  early  as  or  even  l>efore  182U.  James 
Wells  came  in  1825,  an<l  iiis  son,  Stephen  V.  Wells,  who  wa.s  ]>orn 
the  same  year,  was  the  first  white  chihl  l>orn  in  tlie  township, 
(leor^e  Hrii^ht.  a  veteran  of  the  RevolutiMnary  war,  came  in  1S27. 
Only  two  or  three  of  th(»o  pioneers  are  living;  in  the  town>hip  at 
the  present  time.  S^me  iiave  move<l  to  other  scenes  of  lahor,  hut 
by  far  the  ijreater  number  are  dead.  After  1835  settlers  came  in 
quite  rapidly,  and  improvements  were  made  throughout  the 
townshi}*. 

The  following  very  interesting  historical  article  was  furnished  us 
by  Mr.  A.  Ilinman,  and  is  given  in  his  own  language: 

"(to  back  with  me  50  years  and  compare  our  condition  then 
with  what  it  is  at  ttresent.  Fiftv  vears  a«'o  our  inhabitants  con- 
sisted  of  a  few  hundred  liardy  pioneers  who  settled  along  the  river 
blutl's  and  around  the  edges  of  groves  of  timber,  and  were  living 
in  little  log  cabins  and  subsisting  on  corn  bread,  wild  game  an«l 
honev,  with  such  veiretaldes  a.s  thev  could  raise  on  tlieir  new  im- 
provements.  We  had  very  t\i\^-  roads  then,  only  such  as  were 
naturally  made  by  the  settlers  passing  from  one  settlement  to 
another.  We  had  no  bridges  across  streams,  nor  conveyance  of 
any  kind  except  by  horseback  or  in  an  ox  wagon;  no  railroads  or 


HISTOKT    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  473 

steamboats  in  those  days:  what  little  transportation  was  done  iu 
those  days  was  done  with  keel- boats.  We  had  no  schools  nor  free- 
schoul  system,  and  when  our  little  loc^  school-houses  bejjan  to 
sprint^  up  it  was  by  the  individual  effort  of  the  poor  settlers. 
Although  these  schools  were  of  a  very  poor  character,  they  were  a 
great  benefit  to  the  children  of  pioneers,  who  were  able  to  attend 
one  or  two  winters.  We  had  no  churches,  stores,  shops  or  manu- 
facturing establishments;  we  had  no  railroads  in  the  State,  or  tel- 
egraph lines;  but  many  of  us  have  lived  to  see  the  wonderful 
changes  that  have  taken  place  ip  half  a  century.  From  a  few  hun- 
dred settlers  we  have  multiplied  to  many  thousands.  The  land 
that  was  bought  by  the  early  settler  for  si. 25  per  acre  has  advanced 
in  price  until  it  is  worth  from  s40  to  $100  per  acre.  Public  roads 
have  been  laid  out,  graded  and  bridged..  The  log  school-house  has 
given  place  to  fine  frame  and  brick  structures,  which  are  supplied 
with  competent  teachers,  good  books,  etc,  Instead  of  horseback 
and  o.x-wagou  rides  we  have  fine  carriages,  spring  wagons,  etc.; 
and  instead  of  keel-boats  we  have  magnificent  steamers  plying  up 
and  down  our  noble  rivers.  In  the  last  few  years  over  100  miles 
of  railroad  have  been  built  within  our  countv,  with  two  bridgres 
spanning  the  Father  of  "Waters,  connecting  us  with  our  Western 
States  and  Territories.  Fifty  years  ago  our  State  had  not  a  single 
rod  of  railroad:  now  she  has  10,000  miles.  The  first  of  this  grand 
system  of  railroads  was  commenced  in  1S37  or  "3S,  at  Xaples.  on 
the  Illinois  river,  and  was  built  to  Jacksonville.  A  few  davs  awo  I 
was  on  this  road  at  Naples  and  found  still  in  use  some  of  the  old 
original  ties  upon  which  the  road  was  first  built.  They  are  red 
cedar,  and  were  brought  from  Tennessee. 

'*  We  have  seen  the  time  when  our  grand  old  county's  credit  was 
so  poor  that  she  could  not  borrow  $200  to  buy  the  160  acres  of  land 
upon  which  to  locate  our  county-seat.  I  have  seen  the  credit  of 
oiir  State  so  poor  that  the  interest-bearing  bonds  could  not  be  sold 
for  25  cents  on  the  dollar;  but  now  these  things  are  all  changed; 
and  I  feel  thankful  to  the  Giver  of  all  Good  that  I  have  been  per- 
mitted to  live  out  so  nearly  the  time  allotted  for  man's  existence 
here.  Among  all  those  improvements  for  the  good  of  our  people 
none  has  given  me  more  satisfaction  than  our  free-school  system, 
where  every  child  in  the  land  has  an  equal  chance  to  gain  an  edu- 
cation. I  pay  no  tax  more  cheerfully  than  my  school-tax,  although 
individually  I  never  had  the  benefit  of  one  cent  of  the  public  money 
for  my  education,  for  the  reason  that  I  lived  a  little  too  early  in  a 
new  country  to  get  an  education  at  all." 

The  first  school  taught  in  the  township  was  in  1S30,  in  the  south- 
eastern corner;  John  Cavender  was  the  teacher.  He  was  one  of 
the  strict  "old  masters  ''  who  have  lived  their  day  of  usefulness  and 
have  given  place  to  the  more  modern  teacher.  Our  free-school 
system  was  not  inaugurated  until  many  years  after  this  school  was 
taught.     So  much  per  quarter  was  charged  for  each  pupil.     Evi- 


474  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTT. 

dently  Mr.  Cavender  carried  on  an  excellent  scliool, — at  least  in  his 
own  estimation,  for  his  charges  were  hii;h.  K:ich  pnpil  was  re- 
quired t(j  ]>ay  >^8.r)0  per  torui.  Mr.  Caveinler  was  reinarkaMy  strict 
as  to  the  dt-portnu'iit  uf  his  itnj)ils.  He  would  "  bla/.e  ''  the  tives  i)e- 
tween  the  hoys  and  girls,  kL'ej>ing  them  separate;  and  the  one  who 
dared  overstep  the  bouiuls  suffered  for  it.  He  made  it  a  ride  to 
*'fl«»g"  at  least  one  luilf  the  scholars  each  ilay. 

Peny  Sprint/a. — These  springs  are   located    in   the  ea^t  ])art    «>f 
the  township,  an<l  are  greatly  valued  for  their  curative  i)roperties. 
We  quote  the  following  descriptive  and  historical  article  concerning 
these  springs,  juihlished  in  1S72: 

"  Perry  Springs  have  received  a  national  celebrity,  being  the 
most  noted  resort  in  the  West.  They  are  situated  most  beautifully 
near  a  creek  among  the  hills  went  of  the  Hlinois  river,  and  at  the 
conthience  of  several  deep  ravines.  The  surrounding  country  is 
very  broken,  hills  are  steej),  and  covered  with  a  beautiful  forest 
growth.  These  sjirings  have  long  been  known  by  the  Indians. 
What  is  now  knt>wn  as  the  Magnesia  Spring  gushes  through  a  rock 
in  great  (juantities,  and  was  called  by  them  "spring  in  the  rock." 
its  medicinal  qualities  were  well  known  to  them,  an<l  they  brought 
their  sick  to  it  from  great  tiistances  to  be  healed.  Little  cabins 
were  used  by  invalids  until  1S5(;,  when  Zack  Wade,  win*  was  at- 
tracted there  for  his  health,  erected  a  very  good  hotel  building.  To 
H.  A.  Watson,  Ks«i.,  of  Springfield,  HI.,  isilue  the  credit  of  devel- 
oping not  only  this  spring  but  also  others  in  close  pro.vimity, 
erecting  another  very  large  hotel, with  many  extensive  improvements; 
and  to  nis  iiuiefatigable  energy  and  determinaticm  through  numer- 
ous unforeseen  obstacles,  is  to  be  given  the  praise  of  furnishing  the 
country  the  finest  natural  resort  in  America.  The  water  is  strongly 
imj»n'gnated  with  magnesia,  lime,  in»n,  potassa,  .s(xla,  salt,  etc., 
etc.  There  are  three  springs  within  a  few  steps  of  the  hotel  build- 
ing, called  respectively  Magnesia,  Iron  and  Sulphur sj»rings.  Each 
not  only  tastes  differently,  but  oj>erates  differently ;  and  v.'hat  a  wise 
provision  of  Providence  is  here  illustrated, — three  springs  but  a  few 
rods  apart,  all  strongly  raediaited  ami  having  each  different  medic- 
inal pro]>ertics;  and  of  all  the  diseases  that  attiict  the  human  family 
but  very  few  of  them  but  what  one  of  these  springs  would  relieve, 
if  not  wholly  cure.  It  is  a  singular  fact  that  these  S]>ring3  are  not 
affected  in  their  tlow  of  water  bv  (Irv  or  wet  weather,  or  their  tem- 
perature  by  either  hot  or  cold  weiither.  In  the  summer  the  water 
ranges  at  50",  and  in  the  winter  at  4^*^  Fahr." 

Tlic  name  of  the  ti»wnship  was  derived  from  the  town  situated 
near  its  center,  and  the  histories  of  the  two  are  so  closely  identified 
tliat  we  pass  from  the  history  of  the  township  to  that  of  the 
town. 

PERRY. 

This  beautiful  little  village  is  situated  on  sections  21  and  28  of 
Perry  township.     It  was  laid  out  by  Joseph  S.  King,  Feb.  16,  1836, 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKl-;    COUNTY.  475 

and  first  christened  "  Booneville,"  in  honor  of  tlie  famous  Ken  neky 
liuntcr.  It  was  settled  hiri^ely  1)\-  Kentuckians,  and  a  j^reat  many 
of  these  people  atid  their  dt'sceiidants  still  reside  here;  Init  a  ma- 
jority of  the  poi)ulation  are  Eastern  people:  the  German  predomi- 
nate above  every  other  foreign  class.  Tliere  is  not  a  negro  in  the 
town.  When  one  occasionally  "strikes"  the  jilace  the  boys  all 
gather  around  him,  anxious  to  see  this  curious  colored  man,  which 
annoys  this  dark-skinned  gentleman  not  a  little,  and  he  consequently 
makes  his  stay  brief. 

As  abi»ve  mentioned,  the  town  was  first  named  Booneville,  but 
was  su1)se(|uently  changed  to  Perry,  in  honor  of  Com.  Perry,  of 
lake  Erie  fame.  This  name  was  given  by  David  Callis,  with  whom 
the  honor  of  naming  the  town  was  left.  Mr.  Callis  was  the  father 
of  Mrs.  Reynolds,  wife  of  Thos.  Revnolds,  now  livino  near  Perrv. 

Joseph  S.  King,  who  came  to  Perry  in  1832,  was  its  first  mer- 
chant. Dr.  Sut])hin,  who  came  in  1835,  was  its  first  physician. 
The  town  has  enjoyed  its  season  of  prosperity  as  well  as  adversity, 
and  is  now  quite  a  business  point.  It  contains  several  good  stores, 
three  of  which  are  quite  large  establishments.  They  carry  a  gen- 
eral line  of  merchandise,  and  a  large  and  well  selected  assortment. 
Among  the  business  men  and  the  business  houses  are  the  following: 
Shastid  &  Cockill,  A.  S.  Whittaker,  and  J.  F,  Metz,  all  general 
dealers;  Dunn  &  Brengelman  and  Dana  Ayers,  druggists;  three 
restaurants;  one  hotel,  kept  by  11.  J.  Chenoweth;  two  barber  shops; 
one  livery  stable;  four  blacksmith  shops,  and  one  mill.  It  also 
contains  one  school-house,  six  churches,  and  one  newspaper. 

The  first  school-house  in  the  town  was  built  in  1835.  It  was  a 
log  structure  and  school  was  taught  here  by  Hannah  French.  The 
present  school  building  was  erected  at  a  cost  of  ^4,000.  It  con- 
tains four  rooms.  There  are  in  attendance  at  present  an  average  of 
200  ])upils.  Prominent  among  the  teachers  who  have  taught  here 
are  Mr.  Freeman,  Richard  Noyes  and  Allen.  C.  Mason.  Mr.  Luce 
is  the  present  teacher. 

The  Perry  Cornet  Band  was  organized  in  1876.  They  have 
fine  instruments,  and  the  band  is  one  of  the  best  in  the  county. 
Geo.  W.  Ham,  B.  Hume,  C.  Norris  and  Frank  Bright  are  all  that 
were  members  when  it  was  ororanized.  A.  Greg^orv  was  the  first 
leader,  and  A.  A.  Ilinman  is  the  present  leader. 

CnURCHES. 

Methodist  Church. — A  nucleus  of  the  present  church  at  Perry 
was  formed  by  a  few  people  who  met  at  the  house  of  David  Callis 
about  the  year  1832.  At  that  time  a  class  was  formed  consisting 
of  David  Callis  and  wife,  Ira  Andrews  and  wife,  Mr.  Gillasjne  and 
wife,  ^[argaret  Matthews,  G.  W.  Ilinman  and  wife,  Isaac  Davis  and 
wife,  B.  L.  Matthews  and  wife,  N.  W.  Reynolds  and  wife,  and  Susan 
Beard.  From  that  time  regular  meetings  were  held  at  private 
houses,  but  principally  at  the  residences  of  David  Callis  and  J.  B. 
Matthews.     These  meetings   were  held  otily  once  in  four  weeks. 


470  III8TOKV    OF    PIKE   COlNTV. 

Wilsdii  Pitner  was  the  first  ri'<;iil:ir  |>re!icher  eiiipluyetl  \ty  this  So- 
ciety, his  rirc'iiit  exteii'liii^  as  fur  :i6  Athis  unci  otlier  |ioint«>  in  the 
County  .  The  tirst  hou^c  of  worship  wur,  built  oi»  sec.  28  in  1S3K. 
It  WHS  about  liO  by  'J4  feet  in  size,  made  of  hewn  h»^s,  and  it  had  a 
M'atinu  capacity  of  about  1(X>  ptMsons.  The  tirst  Trusteee  of  this 
Church  were  Z.  AVadf,  Isaac  l)avis,  N.  \V.  Il"ynohls,  H.  L. 
Matthews  and  Jolin  Mel'arhmd.  Tl»e  tirst  Steward  was  Isiuie 
Davis.  The  Society  occupied  tljis  buihiing  for  reli:;i()U8  nieetinj^s 
until  ls4^,  when  anew  lumseof  worshi}»  was  built.  Tliis  structure 
was  located  in  Chenoweth's  ad<lition,  ^as  3<i  by  4(i(i'et  in  si/r,  and 
cost  alH>ut  1^2,000.  It  has  bet-n  rrini>deled  at  a  cost  ot  #l,<>0().  Its 
present  size  is  30  by  50  feet,  with  sittings  for  350  peojde.  Atnon<«; 
the  earl V  pastors  were  Ilevs.  Wni.  II.  Taylor,  .Mr.  Hunter,  Mr. 
Piper,  Isaac  Kiinber,  James  Matteson.  Am«ing others  whoserved 
in  that  capacity  in  lalrr  years  were  lievs.  W.  I'.  Gilmer  and  J.  C 
II.  Ilobbs.  The  present  Pastor  is  Wm.  11.  Wilson,  and  the  pres- 
ent membership  about  200.  Atter  the  building  was  rej»aired  the 
Society  bo>i<;hta  giMwl  organ,  which  is  stjll  in  use.  The  Trustees 
are.  Dr.  Ilarvcv  Dunn,  Asahel  liinman,  S.  D.  Fa^in.  Uufus  liey- 
nohls  and  Z.  Wa«le.  The  Sun«iay-8chool  has  a  regtdar  attendance 
ofal»out  100  scholars,  and  is  superintended  by  Dr.  II.  F.  Harris. 

Christum  Church, — The  tirst  njetting  for  the  or;,'anization  <»f 
this  Church  ttxik  place  at  the  llou^e  of  Nicholas  Ilobbc,  on  the 
southeast  (juarter  of  sec.  2y,jibout  tiie  year  ls37.  Nicholas  liobbs 
Rn«l  wife,  Abraham  Chenowetli  and  wife,  (iideon  Bentley  and  wite, 
Samuel  Van  I'elt,  Wm.  Van  Pelt  and  wife,  Wm.  ('henoweth  and 
wite  and«>thers,  met  at  that  lime  for  the  purpose  of  organizing  a 
Church.  Samuel  \'an  Pelt,  Wm.  \'an  Pelt  an<l  Nicholas  Ilobbs 
were  tlic  officiating  Elders  on  this  oa*asion.  Ileligious  meetings 
were  iield  at  ditlerent  j»rivate  houses  thn»ughout  the  neighlMirhood 
until  ls.'!;»,  when  tlie  congregation  erected  a  house  of  worship. 
This  building  was  a  frame  1*^  by  24  feetiri  size,  and  was  locjited  on 
the  southeast  ijuarler  of  sec.  28,  which  was  in  the  village  of  Perry. 
Ti»e  c(»ngregalion  was  6Upj>lied  with  traveling  j)reaciier8  for  a 
immlK'r  of  years,  among  whom  were  Klders  Wm.  Strong  and  Jolm 
Keari.  The  tir^t  Fillers  elected  at  the  organization  were  Nicholas 
Ilobbs,  Wui.  Van  Pelt  and  Wm.  Chenowith.  The  tirst  Deacons 
were  Abrahani  Chenowetli  and  Gideon  Hentley.  The  princijtal 
preaching  was  <h»ne  by  the  Eh'ers  for  the  first  few  years,  when  the 
congr»';;ati'»n  enirni.'e<l  Fhler  David  Ilobbs  to  officiate  as  Pastor. 

In  April,  1*^43,  the  great  revivalist,  Elder  Wm.  lirown,  of  Ken- 
tucky, held  a  protractetl  meeting  in  this  church,  lasting  over  two 
weeks.  The  religious  fervor  produced  by  his  efforts  was  very  sat- 
i?factory.  and  si>me  '^O  conversions  were  made.  The  old  church 
building  being  too  small  to  hold  the  immense  crowds  that  were 
di-awn  to  hear  him,  one  side  was  removed  and  a  large  shed  addition 
was  built,  which  was  capable  of  holding  some  5(K>  people.  For  the 
next  few  years  meetinj^s  were  held  in  the  old  Ijuilding.  at  tlie  scliool- 
house,  and  occasionally  in  the  Baj)ti6t  church.     In    1851  a    more 


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PERRY  T' 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  479 

commodious  honse  of  worsliip  was  built  on  lot  4,  block  1,  Tbomp- 
Fon's  addition.  It  was  34  In'  50  feet,  with  seats  for  400  ])eo]>le, 
and  was  erected  at  a  cost  of  about  $2,000.  The  buildint^  committee 
were  James  H.  Chenoweth.  David  Johnson  and  Charles  Dorsey. 
Elder  Alpheus  Brown  for  a  while  previous  to  this  liad  been  regular 
Pastor.  Being  a  carpenter,  he  in  company  with  John  Keed  took 
the  contract  for  and  erected  this  church.  Elder  Brown  continued 
his  services  with  the  congregation.  This  building  was  occupied 
until  1879,  during  which  time  the  congregation  employed  the 
regular  services,  as  pastors,  of  Elders  Uonan,  Wm.  Mclntyre, 
Samuel  Johnson,  A.  G.  Lucas,  H.  11.  "Walling,  Clark  Braden  and 
others.  During  the  labors  of'  these  worthy  and  able  men,  there 
was  much  good  done,  and  many  accessions  were  made  to  the  ranks 
of  the  Church. 

In  April,  18"9,  the  congregation  commenced  agitating  the  ques- 
tion of  the  necessity  for  and  propriety  of  building  a  more  modern 
and  commodious  liou»e  of  worship.  A  building  committee  was 
appointed  M'ith  full  power  to  examine  and  adopt  ])lans  for  the  erec- 
tion of  a  suitable  building.  This  committee  consisted  of  Jon 
Shastid,  Alex.  Dorsey,  John  S.  Dorsey,  Bennett  F.  Dorsey,  Mat- 
thias Gregory,  Jasper  M.  Browning,  Dr.  W.  D.  C.  Doane  and 
James  Walker.  Jon  Shastid  was  appointed  Treasurer  of  the  com- 
mittee, and  Alex.  Dorsey  and  James  Walker  executive  officers. 
Plans  were  accepted,  contracts  made,  the  work  vigorously  prose- 
cuted, and  the  building  completed  by  the  first  of  January,  1880. 
It  is  built  in  the  Gothic  style,  is  38  by  64  feet  in  size,  with  an 
auditorium  finely  frescoed  and  furnished,  and  with  a  seating  capac- 
ity to  accommodate  500  people.  It  cost  about  $4,000, and  it  is  a  credit 
to  the  society  and  an  ornament  to  the  town.  The  present  member- 
ship of  the  congregation  is  about  330.  The  Pastor  is  Elder  J.  T. 
Smith,  who  took  an  active  part  in.  and  was  one  of  the  main  workers 
in  collecting  money  for,  the  erection  of  the  new  building.  The 
Elders  are  Jasper  M.  Browning,  Alex.  Dorsey  and  Bennett  F. 
Dorsey.  The  Deacons  are  Wm.  Love,  Wm.  M.  Browning,  Henry 
Mays  and  Edward  Wade.  Clerk,  J.  E.  Smith,  and  Treasurer  D.  S. 
Rickart.  The  Sunday-school  is  conducted  by  Superintendent  J. 
B.  Warton,  and  has  an  average  attendance  of  over  100. 

Zion  Church  is  located  on  sec.  4,  and  was  erected  in  1852.  It 
is  a  substantial  structure,  and  meetings  have  been  held  in  it  since 
its  erection  every  two  weeks,  with  few  exceptions.  The  society  had 
held  meetings  years  previous  to  the  erection  of  this  edifice.  Rev. 
Smith  was  the  first  minister.  The  congregation  numbered  but  10 
members  when  the  house  was  built;  at  present  the  membership  is 
50.  Since  the  erection  of  the  building  they  have  not  missed  a 
month  without  holding  Sunday-school  in  it. 

Lutheran  Church. — This  Church  was  organized  in  1859,  and  was 
the  first  church  of  that  denomination  in  Pike  county.  The  congre- 
gation met  for  the  first  10  years  in  the  Christian  church,  but  in 

29 


480  HISTORY    (JK    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

1S09  hiiilt  :i  new  cliiiii'h,  ai  a  cost  of  ifNii,2<»(»,     Tlie  present  ineiubor- 
sliip  miinbcrs  SO.      Itev.  Recker  i8  the  present  Pastor. 

PKR80NAL    SKI-rrOUFS. 

As  a  portion  «>f  tlie  history  of  Perry  and  Perry  townshij)  we  «;ive 
bio<;niphiral  sketches  of  pioneer  a!nl  leading  citizens,  believing  sueh 

f)er8t)nHl  njention  forms  the  better  |»art  of  local  liiBtorv.     Those  who 
lave  made  and  are   making  the  history  of  Perry  and  tiie  township 
deserve  Pjx'cial  mention  in  a  work  ot  tliis  nature. 

Dini  Ayrt-i  was  bc»rn  in  Miissaciuisetts  Dee.  7,  ISOD;  is  tiie 
8on  of  Jason  anil  Betsey  (Midinan)  Ayres;  was  eduwited  in  the 
common  schotds  of  Massachusetts,  mid  between  the  ages  of  Kl  and 
20  maniifaetiirtMl  salt  from  sea  water.  In  1S3»I  he  eann'  to  this 
county,  and  in  IS.JS  settled  in  the  town  of  Perry,  since  which  time 
he  Iwis  followe<l  the  drug  l)usincss.  In  1838  he  married  Alice 
Cleland,  and  thev  have  3  children,  a  son  and  daughter.  In  jmlitics 
Mr.  Ayres  is  a  Il«!publican.  lie  voted  tin*  Free-Soil  ticket  iti  1S40, 
and  iti  1^4*J  was  elected  (yoiinty  .Magistrate.  He  has  been  School 
Trustee,  (yoUector,  and  Trustee  for  the  (Corporation. 

Oeon/e  W.  Bdhlw'nt  was  l>ortj  in  New  Vork  city  in  1830;  is  the 
son  of  David  ami  Ann(Desney)  Paldwin.  His  early  educational 
advantages  were  very  limiti'd.  In  185S  he  married  Sarah  .lane 
Mjison,  a  native  of  New  IIam|»iiire.  Of  their  ♦»  children  U  are 
living,  4  sons  and  one  daugliter.  One  son  is  8tu<lying  dentistry, 
and  one  of  his  daughters  is  a  teacher.  By  occupation  Mr.  Bald- 
win is  a  miller.  I»ut  has  at  presctit  retired  from   l)usiness. 

Stephen  Haimlinj,  st>n  of  Thoma.>-  and  Keziah  Panning,  was  l>orn 
May  15,  1815.  Ilis  father  wax  from  Virginia,  an<l  his  mother  from 
Maryland;  b<»th  are  of  German  descent,  lie  was  educated  in  a  sub- 
scription scliool,  and  CAine  from  Ohio  to  Illinois  in  1^37,  settling 
near  ('haml>ersiiurg.  DecemlR-r  10.  ls3J»,  he  was  married  toKliza- 
beth  Higg.  Of  their  8  children,  only  3  girls  are  living,  and  are 
marrie<l.  Mr.  B.  has  been  ScIukiI  Director  and  lioad-master.  He 
owns  lOO  acres  of  gotxl  land  on  sec.  20.   In  |M»litic8  he  is  a  Democrat. 

W.  A.  Beavers,  deceased,  son  <d"  Wm.  Beavers,  was  born  in  Mis- 
souri Dec.  1,  1824;  emigrate<I  to  Pike  Co.  in  1809,  and  folhiwed 
merchandising  for  several  years.  In  1800  he  married  Mary  Eliza- 
beth Sinitii,  who  was  born  in  Pike  Co,  Aug.  20,  183'^.  Her  parents, 
Aberland  and  Lucy  A.,  were  natives  of  Kentucky.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Beavers  have  3  children:  Ilerschel  V.,  born  Aug.  20.  1801;  Av- 
erill,  l)orn  in  1863.  and  L.  F.  (a  girl),  born  Sept.  29,  1870.  Mr.  B. 
owned  160  acres  of  land,  and  followed  farming  several  years  previ- 
ous to  liis  deatli.  which  occurred  Jan.  13,  1873. 

WUluinuon  Botiil  was  born  July  12,  1837,  and  is  the  son  of 
John  (a  native  of  Virginia)  and  Frances  Ann  {nee  Aikins,  a  native 
of  Tennessee)  Bond.  Both  parents  are  of  German  descent.  In 
1858  lie  was  married  to  Jeimie  James.  They  liave  one  daughter, 
Frances  Ann,  born  in  1861.  Mr. 'Bond  has  been  School  Director 
for  2  years  ;  is  a  Democrat.     He  owns  130  acres  of  land  on  sec.  36. 

Benj .  F.  Bradbury  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1824,  the  son  of  Benjamin 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  481 

and  Bet:*y  (Davis)  Bradbury,  natives  ot'^faine,  and  of  English  descent. 
He  is  bv  occupation  a  farmer;  came  to  Pike  county  in  1853,  where 
he  now  lias  190  acres  of  land.  Sept.  13,  1848,  he  married  Elizabeth 
Carlisle.  They  have  3  sons  and  4  daughters.  lie  is  a  Baptist,  and 
she  a  Presbyterian;  he  is  also  a  Granger  and  a  Democrat. 

H.  H.  Brencjelman,  druggist,  Perry,  111. 

Robert  Brhn,  deceased,  was  a  farmer  on  sec.  7;  was  born  in 
South  Carolina  in  1832,  and  emigrated  to  Pike  county  in  1846;  he 
ran  a  restaurant  2  years  in  Perry,  and  2  in  Chambersburg.  In  1856 
he  married  Catharine  Taylor.  Of  their  0  children  2  are  dead.  Mrs. 
B.  is  a  daughter  of  Simon  II.  Taylor,  who  came  to  Pike  county  54 
years  ago.  At  one  time  he  owned  520  acres  of  land  in  Pike  county, 
and  other  lands  in  other  counties,  entering  his  choice  land  at  $1.25 
an  acre.  Mr.  Taylor  is  still  living,  and  Mrs.  Taylor  died  in  1876. 
Mr.  Brim  was  a  Dem'ocrat. 

Archihald  Brooks,  farmer,  sec.  16;  P.  O.  Chambersburg;  was 
born  in  this  county  in  1850,  and  is  the  son  of  Archibald  and  Sophia 
(Sutlift)  Brooks,  the  father  a  native  of  Tennessee,  and  the  mother 
a  native  of  Indiana;  educated  in  the  common  school;  owns  120  acres 
of  land.  In  1872  he  married  Emily  Remington,  daughter  of  Orson 
R.,  of  Perry.  Their  3  children,  boys,  are  all  living.  Mrs.  B.  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church  in  Chambersburg.  Mr.  B.  has 
been  3  years  a  School  Director,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

Jasper  M.  Broioning ;  P.  O.  Perry;  born  in  this  township  July 
1,  1834,  is  the  son  of  Caleb  and  Penelope  (Power)  B.,  both  of  Eng- 
lish descent.  His  father  is  a  farmer,  who  came  to  this  county  in 
1833,  but  at  the  present  time  is  living  in  Kansas.  Jasper  M.  is 
also  a  farmer  on  sec.  15,  where  he  owns  140  acres  of  land.  In  1865 
he  married  Rachel  Allen,  and  they  have  5  boys  and  2  girls.  Mem- 
bers of  the  Christian  Church.     Republican. 

Lemuel  Calhouti,  farmer,  sec.  11;  P.  O.,  Perry;  was  born  in  Ten- 
nessee May  30,  1829,  the  son  of  Hansel  and  Harriet  (Carpenter) 
Calhoun;  educated  in  the  subscription  school;  emigrated  to  this 
county  in  1835,  and  has  lived  on  sec.  11  for  27  years.  In  1852  he 
married  Mary  Elizabeth  Thompson.  Of  their  6  children  4  are 
living,  all  girls.  He  has  been  School  Director;  is  an  Odd  Fellow; 
owns  138  acres  of  land,  and  pays  all  his  debts  once  a  year;  is  a 
Democrat.  Himself  and  wife  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church. 
Wm.  II.  H.  Callis  was  born  in  Brunswick  Co.,  Va.,  Nov. 
7,  1822,  son  to  David  and  Sarah  (Walpole)  Callis,  natives  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  of  English  descent;  went  to  school  but  one  year  in  his 
life,  and  that  was.  in  the  old-fashioned  log  school-house  in  this 
county,  having  emigrated  here  in  1829.  He  has  seen  every  man, 
woman  and  child  within  10  miles  of  his  father's  house  all  there  at 
one  time,  and  fed  on  old-fashioned  corn  hominy;  he  has  killed 
many  panthers  in  Perry  township.  In  1844  he  married  Harriet 
Eliza  Ingalls;  of  their  4  children  3  are  living  and  married;  one 
child  died  in  1845.  Mr.  C.  has  given  his  children  a  good  education, 
at  one  time  moving  even  into  Iowa  for  the  purpose  of  sending  them 


482  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK   COCNTY. 

to  a  <:;()o<l  school.  His  son  it>  u  graduate  of  Sinipsoii  Centennial 
ColU'ire.  He  is  now  liviuir  on  liis  farm  on  sec.  2'>.  He  drilletl  with 
Alfraii.ini  Lincoln  in  the  Hhick  Hawk  war.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Callis 
are  inenil)er8  of  the  M.  E.  Clmreh. 

Ji>/in  Camphell^  undertaker,  carpenter  and  huilder,  and  dealer  in 
colMns,  ejiskets,  shrouds,  etc.,  Perrv,  was  i>orn  Dec.  21,  1S45,  the 
son  of  A.  and  Iv.  C.  iCotfee)  ('ainj»l)ell,  both  of  Kentuck}*;  educa- 
ted in  the  high  school  at  (iri^gsville  ;  cotnnienced  to  learn  his 
trade  at  17  ye»rs  of  age,  ami  has  followed  it  ever  since.  In  1868 
lie  marri('<l  Ktuina  Smith  :  Katie,  born  duly  8,  1870,  is  their  only 
child.  Mr.  ('.  is  a  Krpublioin,  an  (>d«l  Fell«»w,  and  l)elong8  to  the 
I'nitcd  Workmen  ;  and  he  and  his  wile  are  Methodists. 

Milton  Cheek  was  born  in  Bedfonl  Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  IG,  1804; 
parents  both  natives  of  Virginia,  and  of  Enj^lish  descent ;  went  to 
school  but  two  months  in  his  life  ;  is  a  farmer  :  came  to  Pike 
county  in  I8:iii,  underg(»ing  the  usual  hardships  of  pioneer  life. 
He  once  walke«l  10  miles  to  Jetf  llume*s  mill,  and  offered  to  split 
200  rails  for  a  bushel  of  ujeal  ;  but  Jetf  ilid  n»)t  want  rails  ;  he 
Wanted  money.  Mr.  Chi-ek  was  compelled  logo  lunne  that  l<»ng 
distance  after  sundown  without  any  meal  and  even  without  any 
suj)j)er  ;  and  his  family  had  to  subsist  upon  potatoes  a  while 
longer.  At  present  jjc  owns  a  farm  of  7l»i  acres.  In  1820  he 
marrie<l  Martha  Carroll,  and  they  had  10  children,  Mrs,  Cheek 
die<l  in  1n«;o,  and  in  ls>»3  he  married  Marinda  Crystal,  ancl  they 
have  had  .'i  children.  He  is  School  Director  and  Kojid  Overseer  : 
is  H  Democrat. 

D.  J.  C/t'  noirrf/i  was  born  in  this  county  Jan,  13,  1S48,  son  of 
James  H.  ami  Artemisia  C  (Burkhead)  Chenoweth,  natives  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  of  (lerman  descefit.  He  owns  a  farm  of  2<i  acres  and 
runs  a  meat  market  in  Perrv.  In  1867  he  married  Eleanor  Dor- 
sey,  and  they  have  4  children  living.  Both  he  and  wife  are  metn- 
lH»rs  of  the  Christian  (Miurch.      He  is  a  Kepul»Iican. 

II.  J.  C/utiowet/i  was  born  in  Kentucky  (Jet,  29,  lsl'>;  his  pa- 
rent*, Abniham  and  Rachel,  were  natives  of  that  SUite  and  of  Welsh 
descent  ;  emigrated  to  Pike  county  Nov.  16,  1836,  settling  one 
mile  east  o(  Perry,  and  in  conipany  with  his  father  impnjved  100 
acres  of  land.  He  followed  farming  until  1^51,  when  he  stJirted  a 
saw-mill  3  miles  northeast  of  Perry,  and  after  running  it  18 
months  he  sold  it  ;  then  farmed  for  3  years,  then  was  in  Mis- 
souri 4  years,  and  then  (1861)  came  back  to  this  place  and  contin- 
ued farming  and  clearing  land.  In  1872  he  started  the  first 
hotel  in  Perry,  II.  J,  married  in  1841,  and  is  the  father  of  9  chil- 
dren, 6  of  whom  are  living,  2  boys  and  4  girls.  Mr.  C,  has  been 
School  Director  and  meml>er  of  the  Town  Board,     Ilepublican. 

Jacob  V.  i'henoiceth  was  born  in  this  township  June  27,  1850, 
son  of  James  II.  and  Artemisia  C,  (Burkhead)  Chenoweth  ;  is  a 
farmer  and  dealer  in  live  stock.  May  13,  1875,  he  married  Eliza- 
beth Parke,  and  they  have  2  little  girls,  Mr,  and  Mrs.  C.  are 
nienii>ers  of  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  C.  owns  a  farm  of  81  acres 
in  Pike  county,  and  bO  acres  in  Kansas. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  483 

James  II.  Chenoiveth,  one  of  Pike  county's  oldest  and  most  re- 
spected citizens,  was  born  in  Nelson  Co.,  Ky.,  July  9,  1801.  Ilis 
father,  Wni,  Chenoweth,  went  to  that  State  from  Virginia  when  a 
young  man,  and  took  part  in  many  an  Indian  figlit  on  "  the  dark 
and  bloody  ground."  He  married  the  widow  of  John  Ilinton, 
whose  maiden  name  was  Mary  VanMeter;  of  this  family  were  10 
children,  all  of  whom  lived  to  be  grown:  William,  Jacob,  Abraham, 
Isaac,  Miles,  James,  Hardin,  Letitia,  Ruth  and  James  H.  Jacob, 
Abraham  and  James  all  came  to  Pike  county  and  were  amonj;  its 
more  worthy  and  substantial  pioneer  citizens.  James  11.,  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch,  lirst  came  to  this  State  in  1832,  stopping  for  a 
while  in  Scott  Co.,  and  came  to  Pike  in  the  spring  of  1833,  locating 
on  sees.  27  and  28,  Perry  tp.,  where  he  entered  240  acres  of  land. 
He  at  once  erected  a  double  log  cabin,  in  which  he  lived  for  several 
years;  he  then  built  the  frame  house  which  still  occupies  the  site  ; 
30  acres  of  this  farm  Mr.  C.  laid  off  in  town  lots  as  "  Chenoweth's 
Addition  to  the  Town  of  Perry."  Mr.  C.  is  one  of  the  oldest  resi- 
dents of  the  county,  and  is  a  good  example  of  what  industry  and 
econoni}'  will  accomplish.  He  is  now  78  years  of  age,  and  is  the 
owner  of  between  500  and  600  acres  of  land  in  this  county,  as  well 
as  land  in  Missouri. . 

Mr.  C.  was  married  in  1831  to  Artemisia  Burkhead,  of  Nelson 
Co.,  Ky.  One  child,  Abraham,  was  born  to  them  in  Kentucky; 
James  H.,  jr.,  Mary,  Joseph  K.,  deceased,  Joseph  S.,  Robert  A., 
Ruth,  David  J.,  Jacob  V.  and  Susanna  R.,  deceased,  were  all  born 
in  Pike  county;  the  8  children  living  are  all  married.  Three, 
David,  Jacob  and  Ruth  ( the  latter  the  wife  ofChas.  O.  Turner)  are 
still  living  in  this  county.  Mr.  O.'s  wife  died  Jan.  4, 1874,  and  ]\[r. 
C.  is  now  living  with  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Turner.  Mr.  C.  was  for- 
merly a  Whig,  but  since  the  organization  of  the  Re])ublican  party 
he  has  voted  with  that  party.  One  of  his  sons,  Robert  A.,  served 
two  years  during  the  Rebellion  in  the  33d  111.  Inft.  Mr.  C.  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church,  as  also  was  Mrs.  C. ;  and  in  the 
affairs  of  the  Church  he  has  always  taken  a  prominent  part.  All  of 
his  children  are  also  members  of  that  Church. 

Mr.  C.  is  familiarly  known  as  "Uncle  Jim,"  and  no  man  in  the 
township  is  better  known,  and  has  fewer  enemies.  He  was  always 
full  of  fnn,  and  liked  to  fish  and  hunt,  and  enjoy  himself  in  such 
sport.  His  average  weight  is  212  ]iounds.  One  of  his  favorite 
games  was  tying  men  who  boasted  of  their  strength.  He  would 
take  his  rope  and  tell  his  man  that  he  would  tie  him,  giving  him 
leave  to  fight  or  do  anything  but"  gouge  and  bite  :  that  was  all  he 
asked  of  the  strongest  man,  and  he  never  yet  failed  in  his  object. 
He  drank  whisky  with  the  "  boys,"  and  sometimes  when  alone, 
from  the  time  he  was  16  years  old  until  he  was  74.  At  present  he 
only  takes  wine.  He  thinks  he  averaged  a  quart  of  licpior  per  day 
for  57  years  ;  and  the  other  da}'  he  figured  it  up,  countingonly  one 
pint  per  day,  and  it  made  over  72  barrels,  of  44  gallons  each!  He 
is  willing  to  throw  off  2  barrels  in  the  estimate,  which  would  leave 


4S4  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

evcMi  70  bHrrelri,  or  3,0S0  jriillons.  Nt*w,  it  it  cost  $2  |>er  i,'allon,  it 
would  jiiiioiiiit  to  $t),ir»(»;  and  if  tlie  whiskv  he  Ims  drank  woresoKI 
at  10  cents  a  drink,  iillowinj^  10  drinks  to  the  j)int,  it  would  amount 
to  $24,040;  and  he  thinks  he  has  drank  twice  that  amount,  or  $4!*,- 
280  worth  ot'  whigky!  Perhapti  he  has  fjiven  away  as  much  as  he 
has  drank,  whirh  would  nmke  a  total  expense  »»t'  $ys, .'►(}<>!  And 
he  is  yet  ptout  enouj'h  to  round  this  numl>er  out  to  even  $100,000, 
either  by  drinking  tne  liijuor  or  i^ivini;  it  away!  Mr.  Ohenoweth's 
portrait  appears  in  this   vtdume. 

Job  Clark,  farmer,  sec.  29,  was  born  in  Hamilton  Co.,  ().,  Jan. 
6,  1825,  and  is  tiie  Kon  of  John  and  Christiana  (  lieed  ")  Clark,  tlie 
father  a  native  of  (ireene  Co.,  Pa.,  and  his  mother  of  Hamilton  Co., 
().  He  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  Illinois; 
lie  came  to  I*iko  county  in  May,  l.^ST;  by  occupati(»n  he  was  a 
inillwri;;ht,  but  since  he  aime  here  lie  has  l>oen  farmin<j,  meetin<^ 
with  splendid  success.  His  residence  isasgo^Kias  any  in  tlie  town- 
ship, if  indeed  not  the  be>t.  He  is  enf;H<;ed  in  raisinj;  Poland- 
China  ho<;s  and  thortui^h-bred  cHttle.  lie  was  married  in  1853  to 
Miss  II.  K.  (filham.  Mr.  ('.  Inu*  servetl  his  township  in  various 
otfices,  atjd  p«»lilically  is  a  Democnit. 

W.  O.  Ci>bh  was  lM»rn  in  Perry,  Pike  Co.,  July  19,  1S55,  and  is 
the  son  of  Chatincey  and  Klizabeth  (Parks')  ('obb.  .Mr.  ('.  at  the 
prenfut  time  is  keeping  a  barber  shttp  in  the  town  of  Perry  ;  for- 
merly he  was  by  occupation  a  , carpenter.  He  is  a  natural  genius, 
and  cjipable  of  doing  anything  well  that  he  undertakes.  Politicjilly 
he  is  a  liepublican. 

/''.  M.  Coi'per  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  Jan.  l!»,  1831,  son 
of  G.  W.  anil  Mahala  )('layton»  ('oojK-r,  his  fathera  native  of  N.  C. 
and  his  mother  of  Gi!<»rgia;  isa  farmer  and  plasterer.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  1S5S  t<i  Artemisia  Hobbs,  and  they  have  <i  Ixtys  and  1  girl, 
and  are  njemlK-ra  <•♦'  ''•'  Christian  Chureh.  Mr.  C.  is  a  Democrat, 
in  politics. 

(A>/>  Z)/aY>u,  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  (  Parker)  Di.xon,  was  born 
in  England  in  18*J8,  .where  he  was  eaue«ted  ;  lie  isa  farmer  and 
owns  2.S0  acres  of  land,  one  of  the  Ik?sI  stock  larms  in  Illinois.  In 
185j?  he  emigrated  to  Pike  c«»unty,  and  Oct.  4  ot  the  same  year 
marrie<l  Ann  Stephoneon,  a  native  of  England.  They  have  had  6 
boys  and  3  girls.      Mr.  Dixon  is  a  Democrat. 

Luthf'r  Doihje  wa."  born  in  Vermont  in  IS] 5;  was  educated  in  a 
subscription  scho«»l,  and  is  at  present  a  tanner,  lie  has  l>een  twice 
married,  the  second  time  to  ^largaret  Crawford,  in  1861.  She  isa 
native  of  Tennessee,  and  was  born  in  1822.  She  was  the  fourth  child 
of  a  family  of  14  children.  11  c»f  whom  are  living,  all  married  but 
one,  who  has  taught  scho<d  14  years.  Uer  name  is  liachel  Craw- 
ford. Mrs.  Dodge's  stepmother,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Crawford,  lives 
with  her.  and  is  Si  years  of  age.     Mr.  Dodge  is  a  liepublican. 

D'ocon  AJe-niwhr  D<n-sty,  the  son  of  Charles  Dorsey,  was  born 
in  Rutherford  county,  Tenn.,  Nov.  29,  1824;  his  lather  was  born  in 
North  Carolina  in  1795,  and  was  the  son  of  Win.  Dorsey,  who  served 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  485 

for  several  years  in  the  Revoliitioiiar}'  war.  Oct.  10,  1823,  Charles 
Dorsey  married  Miss  Eleanor  Broiles,  of  liis  native- county.  She 
was  horn  June  25,  1805.  Dec.  31,  1828,  Mr.  Dorsey  landed  in 
Pike  county  and  wintered  in  a  board  tent.  Durini;  the  following 
spring  he  cleared  a  piece  of  land  on  which  a  portion  of  Detroit  now 
stands.  In  the  spring  of  1831  he  moved  to  Perry  township  and 
settled  on  sec.  24,  and  was  one  of  the  leading  farmers  and  stock- 
raisers  of  the  county.  Alexander  Dorsey  received  his  education  in 
Pike  county;  in  the  winter  of  1845-'6  he  made  a  visit  to  his  old 
home  in  Tennessee,  where  he  married  Miss  Jane  Fox,  who  was  born 
in  Rutherford  county,  Nov.  29,  1829.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dorsey  are 
both  members  of  the  Christian  Church,  and  he  has  been  Elder  and 
Deacon  for  many  years,  and  was  a  member  of  the  executive  com- 
mittee that  erected  the  new  church  building. 

B.  F.  Dorsey  was  born  near  the  celebrated  Mineral  Springs  of 
Perry,  Nov.  11,  1832;  he  is  the  fourth  son  of  Charles  and  Eleanor 
Dorsey,  the  former  a  native  of  Raleigh,  N.  C.  Our  subject  on  arriv- 
ing: at  the  w^Q,  of  IS,  was  married  to  Miss  Matilda,  daughter  of  Elder 
David  Hobbs,  who,  as  well  as  his  Wife,  were  natives  of  Kentucky, 
and  came  to  Illinois  in  1829,  settling  in  Scott  county;  and  jVIrs. 
Dorsey  was  born  Oct.  8,  1832.  They  have  a  family  of  two  children: 
Edgar,  the  elder,  was  born  May  9,  1859,  and  Asa  L. ,  March  22, 
1861.  Edgar  married  Anna,  daughter  of  M.  B.  Chenoweth.  Dec. 
31,  18T7;  reside  at  the  old  homestead  and  have  a  little  daughter, 
Dottie  D.  Dorsey.  Asa  married  Carrie  Clark,  May  15,  1879,:  she 
was  a  daughter  of  Job  Clark,  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  she  was  born  in 
this  county. 

The  sons  are  engaged  with  their  father,  under  the  firm  name  of 
B.  F.  Dorsey  &  Sons,  in  importing  and  breeding  Berkshire  and 
Poland  hogs,  and  Spanish  or  American  Merino  sheep,  sending  stock 
of  this  kind  to  Colorado,  Michigan,  Mexico,  Texas  and  Pennsyl- 
vania. They  have  a  farm  of  387  acres  on  sec.  22,  known  as  the  Wolf 
Grove  stock  farm.  It  is  said  that  the}'  have  on  this  tine  farm  the 
champion  herd  of  sheep  in  America.  It  consists  of  500  thorough- 
bred ]\rerino  sheep,  one  buck  in  which  herd  cost  Mr.  Dorsey  $600, 
and  clipped  the  past  season  28^  pounds  of  wool;  another  cost  $300. 
They  also  have  a  herd  of  100  thorough-bred  Berkshire  and  Poland- 
China  hogs.  One  of  these,  "  Knight  of  Gloucester,  No.  201,"  was 
bought  by  the  firm  in  England,  and  is  worth  $560. 

They  exhibited  at  the  ilrst  fair  ever  held  in  Pike  county,  which 
was  in  the  year  1851,  since  which  time  they  have  exhibited  their 
stock  at  some  of  the  leading  fairs  in  Illinois  and  Missouri,  and 
always  successful  as  competitors.  Tlujy  have  taken  over  600 
prizes  within  the  last  four  3'ears,  never  failing  to  carry  off  the 
sweepstsikes  at  each  and  every  fail".  At  the  Illinois  State  Fair  in 
1879  they  took  on  their  herd  nine  first  and  four  second  prizes, 
including  the  breeders  and  sweej^stakes  in  each  class.  The  breed- 
ers on  wliich  the  prize  was  given  consisted  of  one  l)oar  and  four 
sows.     They  took  it  on  Berkshires  and   Polands,  which  was  never 


486  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY. 

done  at  tin*  Illinois  St:ito  I'liir,  or  imlueil  jit  jiii y  other  State  fair,  so 
far  as  is  known  to  us. 

Mr.  D.  is  a  nieinlier  of  the  Christian  Clnirch,  and  has  been  for 
32  years.  He  has  servtnl  12  or  15  years  as  EUler.  As  a  repre- 
sentative citizen  of  Pike  county  we  give  Mr.  Dorsey's  portrait  in 
this  Volume. 

Charles  Dorsf'y^  son  of  Alexander  antl  .lane  (  Fo.\)  Dorsoy,  was 
born  in  Pike  county  in  1855;  he  had  only  the  beiierits  of  the  com- 
mon sciiool,  and  has  engajjeil  in  farmin«;  and  clerking.  In  ls77 
he  was  married  to  Ada  ('lienowrth,  and   they  havr  one  girl,  Anna. 

Jolin  S.  JJorS'i//  rt'sitli'iico  Pfrry;  was  born  in  A|»ril,  is.'in,  in 
this  county;  lie  is  the  son  of  Charles  and  Kleant»r  (Hroiles)  Dor- 
eev,  referred  to  al)ove;  by  occupation  he  is  a  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser;  h«'  owns  37<^  acres  of  land  near  IVrry,  and  is  coiintctl  as  one 
of  tlu'  U-ailing  tanners  of  the  county;  he  devotes  consi«lcral>le  time 
and  attention  to  br(*e<liiig  tine  blooded  stock,  and  makes  the  Poland- 
China  hog  and  American  Merino  she<'p  a  specialty;  in  this  busi- 
ness he  is  connected  with  his  brother,  Alexander  Dorsey.  In  1S57 
Mr.  I),  was  married  to  Mary  Hardy,  and  they  have  f«.iir  children — 
two  •Inijk-s  and  two  girls.  Mr.  D.  is  a  member  of  the  ('hristian 
Church,  and  Mrs.  I),  of  the  MetluKlist  Cliurch.  He  is  a  memlHjr 
of  the  Town  Hoard  of  Perry,  and  has  Imen  for  three  terms. 

John    ir  J>  vas   born   in  Pik«'  eounty.  111.,  in    1853,  and   is 

the  son  of  A  -rand  .lane  J)orsey,  «<»<•  Fox.     Mr.   I),  owns 

110  acres  of  land  on  sec.  31,  in  this  township,  and  is  engagi'd  in 
raising  tine  stock.  Oct.  27,  1^72,  he  was  marrietl  to  Sarah  Jano 
Ham,  wlu»  was  born  in  Chambersburg  township  in  is.'i*;.  Their 
children  an*:  Ixzie  Jane,  Mary  L.  and  Minnie  ikdl.  Mr.  I),  is  a 
nieml)er  of  the  Christian  (Miurch.  of  I>Mlg<e  No.  76,  I.  O.  ().  F., 
and  Secretary  of  Perry  (iran^fc.  Mrs.  I),  is  also  a  mcmlwr  of  the 
Christian  Church. 

T.  B.  Dunn  was  born  in  the  town  of  ChamlK'rsburg,  l*ike  Co., 
in  1S42,  and  is  the  son  «»f  Harvey  and  PluMlima  ^Vinegar)  Dunn; 
the  former  wjis  l>orn  in  Feb.  2,  1800,  and  his  mother,  .lunc  29, 
ISlJl.  His  fi.iher  died  Dec.  2S,  ISfJS,  and  his  mother,  . I une  11, 
1848.  Mr.  Dunn  n-ceived  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of 
this  County;  from  1^«»4  to  ls«iS  was  engjiged  in  the  dry-goods 
business  in  Chainl)crsburg,  since  which  time  he  has  been  engaged 
in  farming.  April  5,  1804,  he  was  married  to  Nanc^'  Jane  Pan- 
ning. ilau<;hter  of  Stephen  Pannin;.'.  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the 
ccuuity.  They  have  two  boys  ami  two  ijirls.  Potli  lie  and  his  wife 
are  meml)ers  of  the  Christian  Church.  Among  the  curiosities 
which  he  has  in  his  )>o8session  is  a  mirror  which  came  over  in  the 
Maytlowor. 

<>.  D.  Fti'i'tn,  farmer,  P.  « ).  Perry;  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1843; 
his  father,  George  Fajrin.  wa>  a  native  of  the  Huckeye  State;  his 
mother  was  Julia  Halm.  Mr.  F.  received  a  c<»mmon-scliool  edu- 
cation; was  married  in  1860  to  Mary,  daughter  of  Capt.  P.  L.  Mat- 


PERPY   TP 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  489 

thews,  and  tliej  have  3  chihiren,  all  boys,  and   livinf^.     They  are 
members  of  the  M.  E.  Churcii. 

John  P.  Gardner,  farmer,  sec.  7;  was  born  in  England,  Nov. 
15,  1828,  and  is  the  son  of  John  S.  and  Elizabeth  (Powell)  Gard- 
ner, both  natives  of  England.  John  P.  received  his  education  in 
the  high  schools  of  England;  he  started  to  travel  at  an  early  age 
in  life;  when  he  was  only  16  years  old  he  went  on  a  cruise  to 
South  Africa;  when  21  he  came  to  America.  In  1852  he  married 
Anna  Parker.     He  is  a  successful  farmer.     P.  O.,  Perry. 

Alpheus  Glines  was  born  in  Perry  Jan.  26,  1853,  the  son  of  L. 
D.  and  Ellen  (Cruthers)  G.;  his  father  was  a  native  of  New  York, 
and  mother,  of  Ohio  ;  father  came  to  Illinois  in  1851.  Alpheus 
received  a  common-school  education  and  learned  the  trade  of  a  stone 
mason,  the  (K'CU])ation  of  his  father.  He  and  his  brother  have  been 
engaged  in  bridge-building  in  this  and  adjoining  counties.  Al])heus 
is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Chnrch  at  Perry. 

Joseph  A.  Gould  was  born  in  the  town  of  Perry  Dec.  28,  1853  ; 
his  parents  were  Josiah  P.  and  Lncy  C.  (Watson)  Gould.  He 
received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  this  countv,  and 
hy  occupation  is  a  plasterer.  At  the  early  age  of  16  he  began  to 
learn  his  trade,  at  which  he  has  worked  ever  since.  In  1875  he  was 
nnited  in  marriage  with  Lydia  Burnett  :  they  have  2  children,  both 
girls.  He  and  his  wife  are  both  members  of  the  Christian  Churcli 
in  Perry.     At  present  he  resides  in  Griggsville. 

Matthias  Gregory,  farmer,  sec.  22.  Mr.  Gregory  was  bronght 
to  Pike  connt}^  in  1829,  and  has  seen  the  vast  wilderness  trans- 
formed into  a  garden,  as  it  were.  There  was  not  a  house  in  the 
town  of  Perrv  or  Grio-ofsville  at  that  time.  Mr.  G.  was  born  in 
Coffee  county,  Tenn.,  Feb.  12,  1822,  and  is  the  son  of  Robert  and. 
Nancy  (Broiles)  Gregory,  both  natives  of  South  Carolina,  and  of 
English  descent.  He  received  his  education  in  the  log  school- 
houses  of  Pike  connty.  In  1843  he  was  married  to  Mary  Cheno- 
weth.  They  have  5  children,  all  boys,  and  3  of  them  are  married. 
Both  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Christian  Churcli  at 
Perry.  He  is  a  Trustee  of  the  Church,  and  a  member  of  the  build- 
ing committee.  He  has  served  15  years  as  School  Director.  In 
1862  he  enlisted  in  Co,  B,  99th  111.  Inf.,  under  Capt.  Matthews. 

Clayhorn  Ham.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  March, 
1827,  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn.  He  is  the  son  of  James  and  Mary 
(Bi'oiles)  Hum  ;  his  father  a  native  of  North  Carolina  and  his 
mother  of  South  Carolina,  and  both  of  German  descent.  By  occu- 
pation Mr.  H.  is  a  farmer,  which  business  he  has  followed  for  31 
years.  He  has  been  very  successful,  now  owning  400  acres  of  land 
in  this  county.  In  1836  he  came  to  this  county  and  settled  on  sec. 
36,  Perry  township,  where  he  still  lives.  He  has  been  twice  mar- 
ried. In  1848  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Margaret 
Smith,  by  whom  he  had  3  children  ;  2  are  living.  He  married  his 
second  wife,  America  C.  James,  in  1857,  and  they  have  8  children, 
3  boys  and  5  girls,  all  living.     His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 


490  HDTORY   OF    PIKE   COINTV. 

Church.  He  serred  as  School  Director  tor  8  years,  and  as  lioad 
Coimnissioner  3  years.  His  father,  tiiuugh  illiterate  in  respect  to 
Bchool  education,  not  l>ein:j  able  tu  write  liis  own  name,  was  a  very 
succescjful  business  man.  When  lie  came  to  the  county  in  IS'29  he 
was  not  worth  $100,  but  when  he  made  a  division  of  his  pr-'-  '•»v 
among  his  children  he  owneil  1.70O  acres  vt'  land,  and  j- 
property  to  the  value  of  $14,000. 

(}tt>rq<!  TT  Uatn,  farmer,  sec.  21  ;  P.  O.  Perry.  Mr.  Ham  is  a 
son  of  W-  ■■•.  and  K  '  '^  \-  fKUiott)  Ham,  natives  i»f  the 
Eastern  >  .  .tnd  ot        _  :  ;   he  was  Utrn  Sept.  5,  1859; 

he  attended  tlie  common  schools  and  entered  the  Illinois  CoIIese 
at  Jacksonville,  where  h  lateti  in  1^76  ;  he  then  entered  the 

dry-^'  *        of  Mctz  iV   »^  ..>on,  where  he  ck*rke«i  for  two  years. 

In  l^>  -    united    in   marria;;e  with    May  Ueed.     A   son  was 

born  to  them  Dec.  3,  1879.  Mr.  Ham  is  a  prominent  meml»er  of 
the  Perry  ('ornet  liand. 

Janus  T.  U  '      ^im  oi  i  .  "  ei  C.  (Mnith) 

Hani,  iiativcf  o:    . -ee  and  M  ■  "    i -^'     «''*'"^**'  '!'• 

wa."  lK»rn  on  eec.  '.\*\,  Perrv  tp  .  \\\^  1.     Ii-  owns  a  farm  «»n  sec. 

85,  this  tp.,  where  he  is  1  in  agriculture    pursuits.     In  1>71, 

March   31,  he  was    unittxi    iu    the   holy  U»nd-   of  matrimony  with 

Mtlissa  ('.  .Iaml•^.      Alma  A.,  ?-  -     ''■^-    "    ^^     '    '   '    •!»  Kst.-...i. 

U»rn  Dec  23,  1^77,  are  their  l  ..er,  Jima  « 

Ham,  wajj  one  of  the  early  pioneers  of.  and  one  of  the  wealthiest 
men  in  Pike  ct>untjr. 

Elijaii  H       ''  -    '-  1:     I',  v  >.  MiamU-rsburg.     .Mr. 

H.  is  a  nati^  -:v  nc  \*:i.-  U^rn  in  IS  15  ;  his  parents 

were  Allen  and  Salina  Hamilton,  who  came  tu  Illinois  in  182o,  set- 
tling in  Sangamon  county.  Ii  ili  Hamilton  came  to  Piko 
c«'  '  ''  z  on  sec.  1,  wb'  -  «  r  -•  -r-  r. -'Ipd,  and 
ow..  _  ..  .-  Kii  land.  In  {«^...  -  .v  l>v::ic:  r  iias  not 
voted  fur  e.everal  yeans.  He  is  a  1  r,  and  his  w  si.-ter, 
Mrs.  Jane  Webb,  li%'es  with  him.  She  was  U>rn  July  2t>,  1*"  •'•. 
Elijah  is  one  of  a  family  of  11  children,  only  3  of  whom  are  now 

livinjT- 

John  Iltrdy  was  born  in  Ohio  Feb.  8,  1839,  the  son  of  John  and 
Maria  Hardy,  b«jth  natives  of  Ohio  and  of-  English  descent.  Mr. 
Hardy  came' to   Illinois  in    1840  and  to  Pike  in  1^4*;,  and 

lives     •  '"    •■  ' ':e  owns  a  farm  of  213  .<.•       .  wl  '  •'■  "-  -aid 

to  be  veen    the   two   rivers.      H*    ;  ;t-  i   to 

accept  $100  per  acre  for  it.  In  1858  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with    lU'becca   Walker,  the  :er   of  Itjbert  Walker,  an    early 

settler  of  Pike  v.     In  i:,::   Mr.  Hardy  took  a  trip  to  Eur  .{►€ 

for  his   health.     '.ing   him   greatly.     He  h.a*  al.-.i  tnivded  over 

the  Wet-tern  States  considerably. 

Martin  IlarriiujVm  was  bom  in  Worcester  (Jo.,  Mass.,  Dec.  24, 
17i*7.      His  ^         el    Harriiiirton.   was  a  na*'  *'  'i    .**     i, 

Mass..  and  u..    ...._.  3,  I76i^     CJn  arriving  at  :...  .._ 

six,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Abigail  Putnam,  who  was  born  Sept.  15, 


HI6T0ET    OF   PIKE    COUNTY.  491 

1775.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Zadock  Putnam,  who  wa*  closely 
related  to  the  darina:.  brave  and  patriotic  Gen.  Israel  Putnam,  of 
Revolutionary  fame.  Mr.  Putnam's  father  was  Nathaniel  Putnam, 
who  built  the  first  wagon  set  up  in  Worcester  Co.,  Mass.  It  is 
related  that  over  200  came  from  long  distances  to  see  one  pair  of 
wheels  following  another. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  connected  by  a  long  line  of  ancestry 
as  far  back  as  the  original  Puritans  who  came  over  in  the  "  May 
Flower."  Among  that  highly  honored  and  respected  band  who 
landed  on  the  cold,  bleak  shores  of  Plymouth,  is  made  honorable 
mention  of  the  Harrinfftons,  whose  names  vet  stand  encjraved  on 
that  ever  memorable  rock,  around  which  clusters  the  purest  and 
brightest  thoughts  of  all  true  lovers  of  American  liberty.  The 
Harringtons  are  also  connected,  on  the  paternal  side,  with  the  Brig- 
hams,  of  early  Massachusetts  history,  and  on  the  maternal  side,  with 
the  as  yet  revered  name  of  the  Elliots.  Major  Elliot,  great-grand- 
father of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  served  with  distinction  during 
the  Revolutionary  struggle. 

Mr.  Samuel  Harrington  had  a  family  of  4  children,  of  whom 
Martin  is  the  second.  Three  are  yet  living  at  quite  an  advanced 
age.  Mr.  Harrington  died  at  his  residence.  October  5th,  1S02. 
His  wife  survived  him  until  April,  1S71.  After  being  a  widow 
seven  years,  she  was  married  to  Capt.  David  Trask,  of  Leicester, 
Worcester  county.  Mass.  They  had  a  family  of  5  children.  The 
subject  of  our  sketch  was  early  thrown  upon  his  own  resources  by 
the  death  of  his  father,  but  with  that  true  Yankee  pluck  and  stick- 
to-it-iveness.  he  overcame  all  obstacles  in  his  way,  and  succeeded 
in  acquiring  a  good  English  education;  but  that  served  only  a  nu- 
cleus, around  which  he  has  been  constantly  adding  to  his  store  of 
knowledge,  until  now  we  find  him  possessed  with  conversational 
powers  seldom  surpassed  by  the  most  cultured  men  of  the  country 
— not  oulv  being  informed  in  local  matters,  but  his  range  of  intellect 
grasps  the  broadest  questions.  In  his  conversation  one  can  not  long 
be  a  listener  without  being  richly  compensated  by  his  large  fund  of 
information.  Previous  to  his  marriage,  his  vocation  was  that  of  a 
scythe  manufacturer. 

On  the  22d  of  June.  1.S22,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Myra,  daughter 
of  Josephus  Willard,  Esq.,  of  Grafton.  Mass.     They  had  a  family  of 
3  children,  of  whom  two  are  yet  living.     In  the  year  1S27  he  moved 
with  his  family,  to  Amsterdam. Xew  York,   at  which  place  he  was 
the  first  manufacturer  of  turned  carriage  axle-trees,  with  pipe-boxes, 
which  business  he  continued  for  a  pedod  of  9  years,  with  other" 
machine  business.     Mrs.  Harrington  died  at  her  residence,  Xew 
York,  in  ^832,  and  the  following  vear(lS33»   Mr.  Harrineton  mar- 
ried  his  second  wife.  Miss  Catharine,  daughter  of  Evert  Hagaman. 
She  departed  this  life  April  27,   1S75:  her  remains  rest  in  the  new 
cemetery  in  Perry.     A  tine  monument  erected  to  her  memory  by 
her  husband  marks  t^^e  spot.     They  have  had  born  to  them  a  family 
of  five  children.     His  son,  F.  M.  Harrington,  is  now  practicing  law 


492  msTOKY  OF  pike  countv. 

in  Kirksville,  Mt».,  where  he  has  grown  into  a  hir^^t'  and  Inerative 
practice.  In  183tJ  Mr.  ilarrini^ton  Uit't  New  York  aiul  cuine  to 
Illinois,  locating  in  Pike  county.  He  says  he  was  in  the  ct)unty 
when  settlenjentsand  itnprDveinents  were  scarce,  lie  is,  therefore, 
justly  chi.sset)  atnoiig  tlie  old  settlors.  IK  industry  and  ]H'rsever- 
ance  Mr.  liarriiiirtun  has  succeeded  in  irettin;;  tu;jether  considerable 
wealth,  so  that  his  old  days  can  be  passed  in  reaping  the  reward  of 
a  well  spent  life.  His  son-in-law  in  Missouri  has  been  twice  elected 
to  the  legislature  of  that  Stat**,  and  all  his  children  are  g<'tting 
wealthy.  The  family  is  one  «jfthe  oldest  and  most  respected  in  the 
county.  Mr.  Harrington's  brother,  Hon.  Charles  Harrington,  who 
was  for  sonje  time  Judge  of  the  County  Court  of  Pike  count}',  in 
its  early  organization,  was  also  one  of  the  pioneer  preachers  orthis 
section  of  the  country. 

The  subject  of  our  sketch,  now  far  past  the  meridian  of  life, 
enjoys  excellent  liealth,  ami  his  is  another  of  the  many  instances  of 
what  can  bo  accomplished  i)V  a  well  directed  indnstrv.  Uy  his 
generous  and  straightforwjird  principles,  he  has  won  the  confidence 
and  rsteem  of  his  lu'ighbors  arul  fell<»w-citizens.  During  the  war 
he  was  a  strong  sup|M»rter  t»f  the  cause  of  the  r?ut»n.  He  is  a  meni- 
ber  of  the  Republican  party.  A  few  years  since  he  retired  froni  tho 
active  ]»ursuits  of  life,  and  is  now  residing  at  his  residence  in  Perry. 
We  give  the  portrait  of  Mr.  H.  in  this  volume. 

Atia/iel  7/inmnn.  The  ancestorJn  a  direct  line  of  tlie  subject  of 
this  9ketc)i  and  the  founder  of  the  Hinman  family  in  America,  was 
Sergt.  Kdward  Hinman,  who  emigrate<l  from  Kngland,  hiii  native 
country,  between  1G5<>  and  lO.'rJ,  st-ttling  at  Stratford,  ('oiin.  St»on 
afterward  he  was  married  to  Hannah,  tiaughter  of  Francis  and 
Mary  Stiles,  of  Win»lsor,  (\)nn.  Their  first  child  was  named  Sarah, 
born  at  Stratford,  in  1»552.  Sergt.  Hinman  was  an  extensive  farmer, 
and  was  largely  engaginl  in  the  buying  an<l  selling  <»f  land,  owned 
and  oj»erated  a  mill,  etc.  He  died  at  Stratford  in  ir»Sl,  leaving  a 
family  of  4  .sons  arid  4  daughters.  There  has  been  a  tradition  in  the 
family  from  the  early  settlement  that  Sergt.  Hinman  was  Sergeant- 
at-Arms  for  King  Charles  I.  He,  like  matjy  others,  liecjiine  exiled 
to  escape  the  vengeance  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  as  it  was  well  known 
that  Cromwell  was  firm  in  condemning  to  dcjitli  the  supporters  and 
defenders  of  Charles  1.  This  proves  him  to  have  Ixjen  a  most 
trustworthy  loyalist  and  honest  man,  for  no  other  could  liave  re- 
ceived the  confidence  of  the  crown  at  that  critical  period.  It  would 
also  appear  from  the  alxjve  that  Sergt.  Hinman  was  a  respectable 
Englislnnan,  and  of  a  good  fiamily,  as  none  other  would  have  been 
selected  to  have  constitute<l  the  liody  guard  of  the  King. 

Edward  Hinman,  jr.,  youngest  son  of  Ser^t.  Hinman,  was  born 
at  Stratford  in  1G72.  He  was  married  to  Hannah  Jenniuirs,  and 
they  had  12  children.  Jonas  Hinman,  the  eldest  son  of  Edward, 
r.,  was  born  at  Stratford  in  the  year  1700.  When  a  young  man 
le  went  to  live  at  Newark,  N.  J.,  where  he  married  Elizabeth 
Crane.     Ten  children  were  born  of  this  union.   Mary  Hinman,  his 


] 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  493 

youngest  child,  married  Asaliel  Ilintnan,  a  son  of  James  Hinman, 
and  was  a  crrandsun  of  Sergt.  Edward  Ilinman.  After  the  close  of 
the  Kevolntion  Asahel  Ilinman  and  family  i)ecame  j)ioneers  in  the 
wilds  of  Kentucky,  locating  in  Bullitt  connty.  Next  to  the  young- 
est child  in  this  family  was  Georii^e  W.  ilinman,  who  was  the  father 
of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  and  the  first  of  the  tamily  to  settle  in 
Pike  connty. 

George  W.  Hinman  was  born  in  Bullitt  county,  Ky.,  in  April, 
1791.  When  he  was  8  years  old  his  father  and  famil}'  removed  to 
Ohio  county,  Ky.  He  was  married  in  the  year  1815  to  Miss  Nancy 
Stewart,  of  that  county.  Here  2  children  were  born  to  them, — 
Maria  and  Asahel,  the  latter  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  In  1819 
he  moved  to  Indiana,  where  2  more  children  were  born, — Eliza 
Ann,  now  deceased,  and  Phoibe.  In  1829  he  came  to  this  county, 
locating  on  the  S.  W.  J  of  sec.  14,  Griggsville  tp.  In  his  house  on 
this  land  took  place  the  first  religious  meeting  in  this  part  of  the 
county.  Geo.  W.  Hinman  was  a  man  of  sterling  worth  and  un- 
blemished honor.  He  was  a  man  of  deep  thought,  strong  religious 
convictions,  undeviating  honesty,  a  fit  and  honorable  representative 
of  his  worthy  ancestors.  Such  qualities,  together  with  tiie  experi- 
ence in  pioneer  life  in  Kentucky  and  Indiana,  fitted  him  to  take  a 
prominent  part  in  the  affairs  of  the  county.  In  1830  he  was 
elected  one  of  the  three  County  Commissioners.  He  was  appointed 
with  two  others,  by  the  Legislature,  to  expend  certain  moneys  ac- 
cruing under  the  internal-improvement  act  on  the  roads  of  the 
county,  and  in  many  other  ways  serve  the  public.  "Hinman's 
Chapel "  (Methodist)  was  principally  built  by  him.  He  and  his 
wife  are  both  buried  in  the  ground  attached  to  the  Chapel.  He  died 
Dec.  8,  1854. 

Asahel  Hinman  is  the  only  child  of  Geo.  W.  Hinman,  now  living 
in  Pike  count}'.  He  was  born  in  Ohio  county,  Ky.,  Jan.  19,  1817, 
and  was  l)rouglit  to  this  county  with  his  parents  in  1829.  On 
reaching  his  majority  his  father  gave  him  $100,  with  which  he 
entered  80  acres  of  land.  Dec.  23,  1838,  he  was  married  to  Sarah 
McLain,  daughter  of  John  and  Mary  McLain,  of  Adair  county,  Ky. 
In  the  spring  of  1839  he  built  a  hewed-log  cabin  18  feet  square  on 
his  land.  It  was  a  story-and-a-hall  house,  and  contained  two 
rooms.  Here  he  lived  for  28  years.  His  farm  now  consists  af  600 
acres,  and  is  one  of  the  finest  improved  in  the  count}''.  He  is  also 
the  owner  of  the  large  flouring-mill  at  P^rry,  called  "Hinman's 
Mill,"  and  which  is  carried  on  by  his  sons,  George  W.  and  iVsahel 
A.,  in  company  with  himself.  He  was  one  of  the  original  stock- 
holders in  orcjanizing  the  5th  National  Bank  of  Chicago  ;  also  the 
Griggsville  National  Bank,  of  which  he  is  a  Director.  He  is  also 
one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Farmers'  Insurance  Company  of  Griggs- 
ville, and  was  chosen  its  President. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  II.  are  now  residing  in  Perry,  surrounded  by  their 
family,  consisting  of  three  children, — George  W.,  Sarah  F.  and 
Mary.     Asahel,    the   youngest,    is   married    and  living   at    Perry. 


494  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

Catlmriiie,  the  eldest  chiKl,  married  the  Rev.  Tlunnas  Boiiuel,  and 
resides  in  Christian  county,  lU.  .luhn  W.  und  Nancy  J.  are  ch;- 
ceased.     We  }^ive  Mr.  llininan's  portrait  in  tliis  vohiiue. 

A.  A.  Hininan  was  born  in  Piko  county  in  1859,  and  is  the  son 
of  Asaliel  and  Sarah  (McLain)  Ilininan.  Ho  attended  the  cotninon 
schools  ot  Pike  county  and  also  the  Weslevan  University  iit  lilootn- 
ington.  111.  He  \V!is  united  in  inarria^xe  in  ls78  with  Ella  Out,  iind 
they  haveoneehild,  A.  J.  A.  Hintnan.  Mr.  Hinnian  is  a  miller,  own- 
ini^an  interest  in  the  Ilinman  Mills.     Politiailly  he  is  a  DenuK-rat.  d 

George   W.  llintnan,   sun  <>t'   Asahel    Hininan,  whose   sketch   io  I 

given  above,  was  educatetl  in  the  high  schools  of  l*erry  and  (iriggs-  " 

ville,  and  also  attended  the  Chiaigo  law  school,  wliere  he  grad- 
uated in  1S71.  Ho  began  the  jtractico  of  his  pndession  the  same 
year  in  N[i>souri.  Subseijuently  he  nuived  to  Perry,  where  he 
practiced  ^  years,  meeting  with  remarkable  success,  seldom  losing 
a  case.  At  present  he  is  turning  his  attention  to  millint;,  being  a 
partner  of  the  tirrn  of  Hinman  &  Sons.  He  is  a  member  of  the  M. 
E.  Church. 

Jain>-s  Ili'jgitut,  jeweler.  Perry,  was  born  in  Clinton,  N..).,  Oct. 
11,  1S45;  he  is  tlio  son  of  Lewis  and  Anna  Higgins;  receiveil  his 
educjition  in  the  conunon  and  select  schools  ot  New  Jersey;  he 
came  to  Perry  in  isri7,  where  he  clerked  for  5  or  0  years ;  tiien 
engaged  in  the  hardware  business,  and  in  ls7»i  started  a  jewelry 
store,  and  thus  tar  in  his  buNiness  lias  met  witii  success.  In  ls71 
he  was  marriwl  to  Mary  L.  Clevelaml,  and  they  liave  3  children,  3 
girls  and  a  boy.  His  wife  is  a  memi)er  ot  the  M.  K.  ('hurch.  In 
ISfi.'i  he  enlisted  in  tlu'  .''.'ith  N.  .1.  Zotiaves  and  was  in  all  the  bat- 
tles that  the  corns  was  iti  from  Chattanooga  to  Savannah. 

Henry  IJippa,  jr.,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.  Perry;  Mr.  Hij)pc  was 
horn  in  Germany  in  1818,  and  is  a  son  of  Herman  Hippe;  was 
eiluc^ited  in  the  sch«»<d8  of  (rermany,  and  c^me  to  .Vmerica  in  1.S.32, 
stopping  at  New  Orleans,  and  the  same  ycjir  settling  on  sec.  S,  this 
tp.,  wliere  he  owns  80  acres  of  land.  His  eldest  son,  Henry,  is 
carrying  on  the  farm  at  the  present  time. 

nintion  S.  Ilohhn  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1814,  and  is  the 
eldest  of  a  family  of  9  children;  his  parents  wereS^domon  and  Mary 
L.  (Young)  Hobbs;  his  father  was  born  in  the  fort  where  Cincinnati 
now  stands,  and  is  of  English  descent;  his  mother  was  horn  in  Ken- 
tucky and  is  of  German  descent.  Solomon  Hobbs  and  wife  with  6 
children,  in  company  with  01)adiah  Mitcliell  and  wife,  7  children 
and  i»ne  negro,  Henj.  M<»rris  and  wife  and  4  children,  with  one 
wagon  and  8  pack-horses,  came  from  Kentucky  to  Illinois.  Our 
subject  came  to  Pike  county  in  1834;  since  1842  he  has  been  farm- 
ing, meeting  with  success;  he  is  the  owner  of  6^0  acres  of  land, 
nearly  400  of  which  are  in  Perry  tp.  He  was  married  in  1842  to 
Mary  M.  Taylor,  daughter  of  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Pike  county. 
They  have  had  7  children,  4  bijys  and  3  girls:  two  of  the  former 
and  one  of  the  latter  are  marrie<I.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  M. 
E.  Church,  and  he  is  a  Republican  in  politics. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  495 

Isom  L.  IiKjram  was  born  in  Smith  county,  Tenn.,  June  12,  1822, 
and  is  a  son  of  Joshua  P.  and  Susanna  (Lenix)  In^i^rain,  natives  of 
Tennessee,  and  of  English  descent.  He  engaged  in  the  coopering 
business  for  15  years,  then  followed  the  carpenter's  trade,  and  for 
several  years  has  been  engaged  in  farming,  and  owns  172  acres  of 
land  on  sec.  2,  this  township.  He  came  to  Pike  county  in  1833, 
and  Oct.  25,  1843,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Perlina  Rusk; 
8  children  have  been  born  to  them.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church.     He  has  served  as  School  Director  for  15  years. 

A.  J.  Johnson,  farmer,  sec.  3G,  was  born  in  Indiana,  and  is  a  son 
of  Enos  and  Sarah  (Caw)  Johnson,  the  former  a  native  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  of  English  descent,  and  the  latter  of  Virginia  and  of 
Dutch  descent;  in  1846  he  came  to  Pike  county,  where  he  is  engaged 
in  farming.  In  1802  he  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  99th  111.  Inf,  under  Capt. 
Smith;  he  was  discharged  in  1865;  he  served  in  13  hard-fought 
battles.  In  1850  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Amanda  Bond; 
1  children  have  been  born  to  them.  His  wife  is  a  Missionary  Bap- 
tist, and  he  is  a  Methodist. 

DavldJohnston,  dec,  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  respected  citi- 
zens of  this  county,  was  born  in  Wythe  county,  Va.,  July  13,  1797, 
and  was  a  son  of  Larkin  and  Mary  (Davis)  Johnston;  he  emij^rated 
to  Kentucky,  where  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Day,  daughter  of  Joseph 
and  Margaret  Day,  of  Kentucky.  In  1826  he  came  to  Illinois, 
locating  in  Sangamon  county;  and  in  1828  he  located  on  a  farm 
near  Griggsville,  Pike  county,  which  he  improved,  and  where  he 
lived  for  two  years;  in  1830  he  moved  to  Perry  tp.,  where  he  resided 
until  his  death,'which  occurred  in  Sept.,  1879,  when  he  was  at  the  ad- 
vanced age  of  82  years,  2  months  and  8  days.  In  1835  he  was 
elected  County  Surveyor,  and  served  in  that  capacity  for  about  13 
years.  He  and  his  wife  Sarah  (Day)  Johnston  had  a  family  of  9 
children,  whose  names  were:  Mary,  now  Mrs.  David  Winslow,  of 
DeWitt  Co.,  111.;  Margaret  E.,  now  Mrs.  II.  J.  Chenoweth,  of  Perry; 
Sarah  J.,  wife  of  Hinson  Ilobbs,  of  Kansas;  Minerva  A.,  wife  of 
Wm.  Taylor,  Perry;  Del  ilia,  now  Mrs.  James  Hughes,  of  Clay  Co., 
Neb.;  Harvey  D.,  who  married  Maria  Swakyer,  and  resides  in  Mo.; 
Thomas,  who  married  Mary  E.  Chenoweth,  and  lives  at  Marysville, 
Mo.;  Artemisia,  now  Mrs.  James  B.  Chenoweth,  of  Clinton  Co.,  Mo., 
and  Ann  Eliza,  now  Mrs.  Thomas  Seaborn,  of  McDonough  Co.,  111., 
Sept.  9,  1865,  Mrs.  Sarah  J.  Johnston  died,  and  Sept.  14,  1871. 
Mr.  J.  married  Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Lucas.  For  some  years  previous  to 
his  death  Mr.  Johnston  was  engraijed  in  the  mercantile  business  at 
Perry.  Mrs.  Lucas  was  the  widow  of  J.  B.  Lucas,  her  maiden  name 
being  Adams.  She  was  born  in  Harrison  county,  Kentucky,  in  183 1. 
By  her  last  marriage  she  has  one  son,  David  L.,  born  Mar.  15,  1874. 
Mrs.  J.  lives  with  her  two  sons,  David  L.  and  James  P.  Lucas,  a  son 
by  a  former  marriage.  Mr.  J.  was  a  member  of  the  (-hristian 
Church  for  28  or  30  years,  and  led  an  exemplary  life.  Mrs.  J.  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church,  and  has  been  for  15  or  16 
years. 


49C>  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

Joseph  Jones^  lariner,  sec.  1(1;  P.  O.  IVrry;  is  a  native  of  Ponn- 
Bylvania,  where  he  was  horn  Jan.  G,  1S14;  his  parents,  Josepli  and 
Susanna  Jones,  were  natives  of  tlie  Keystone  Stiite,  the  former  of 
Welsh  Jind  the  hitter  of  (Tennun  ancestrv;  Mr.  J.  was  united  in  inar- 
ria<^e  with  Miss  Eli/.aheth  CMieek  in  ls41;  live  chiKlren  have  heen 
horn  t(»  them,  two  hoys  and  three  girls,  all  of  whom  are  living.  Mr. 
J.  came  to  tiiis  county  in  1S35.  lie  never  was  inside  of  a  court- 
room. 

JoHtpfi  ]urgan\  residence,  I'erry;  was  horn  in  C/lerm«»nt  county, 
O.,  Aiiril  10,  ls2l>;  his  father,  Thomas  Kirgan,  was  a  native  of  Ire- 
land; nis  mother,  Mary  (^Fred)  Kirgan,  wiuj  a  nativeof  Ohio;  jmrents 
were  farmers,  in  t;ood  circumetances;  by  occupation  Joseph  is  a 
farmer  and  has  had  st»me  exj>erience  in  milling;;  at  ])resent  he  is 
enquired  in  business  in  IVrrv,  and  owns  a  sul»>tantial  residence  in 
t<jwn.  lie  was  married  Ja?i.  I,  1S63,  to  Sanih  Wilkins,  who  is  a 
memlier  of  the  Ciiristian  Church,  lie  is  a  memlnir  of  the  order  of 
Odd  Fellowh. 

Fred  Lij^cajmiiiy  sr.,  is  a  native  of  (Tcrmany;  cAme  to  America 
in  1S3<»;  lived  one  year  in  New  York,  and  then  C4ime  to  Pike  ctmnty, 
where  he  has  ever  since  reside*!;  he  is  a  farmer,  t)wnin;^  1*|()  acres 
of  land  on  sec.  9.  In  1S4^»  he  was  unite<l  in  marriaire  with  Parhara 
Lutz,  and  t<»  them  have  U'en  l>«»rii  l(»  children,  i\  li<»ys  and  4  girls. 
Puth  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  M.  K.  Church. 

jP/W  Z7>«i//u/«,  jr.,  farmer,  ^.  IC,  was  b<»rn  in  Pike  county, 
Jan.  14,  1^47,  and  is  a  son  of  Fred  and  Parbara  (Lutz)  Lij»caman, 
natives  of  (iermany;  he  was  marrietl  in  1S72  to  Kale  Hose;  three 
children,  one  boy  and  two  girls,  have  lK?en  b«)rn  to  them,  all  of  whom 
are  living.  He  and  his  wife  are  meinl)ers  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  He 
is  a  diligent,  successful  farmer. 

Gtorqe  Li]  '>,  nr.,  r^      '    =  on  sec.  L*,  P.  (>.  P«iry. 

Oeor(jc  Lti  .  -;/i,  jr.,  :..; ;  :,  sec.  5;  P.  O.  Perry;  the  subject 
of  this  sketcli  is  a  native  of  Pike  county,  where  he  was  lK>rn  in 
1S41;  lie  is  tiie  son  of  Fred  ami  Parl)ara  (Lutz)  Lipcaman,  spoken 
of  alM)ve.  lie  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of 
this  county.  In  18(5*2  he  enlistetl  in  the  service  to  defend  his  coun- 
try and  serve*!  until  18G5;  took  part  in  the  siegeof  Vicksburg,  and 
Itarticijiated  in  many  of  the  imjxtrtant  engagements  of  the  war. 
le  was  married  in  1SG7  to  Anna  Pradbury. 

Thoimis  J.  Ma4je<\  miller.  Perry,  is  a  native  of  this  county,  and 
was  born  Aug.  li,  li>51;  his  parents, Thomas  M.  and  Mary  (Crosier) 
Magee,  are  of  Irish  descent;  his  father  is  one  of  the  prominent 
citizens  of  Perry.  Thomas  received  his  education  in  tlie  common 
8cho«)lsof  Adams  county.  Recently  in  company  with  his  father,  he, 
has  started  a  tirst-chiss  mill  in  Perry.  Oct.  s,  ls74,  he  was  united 
in  marriage  with  Martha  II.  Burton.     They  have  one  child,  a  girl. 

William  Manton,  farmer,  sec.  26;  P.  O.' Perry.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  Ixjrn  in  England  in  1843  ;  he  is  the  son  of  James 
and  Charlotte  i^Ilammerton)  Manton.  He  Wiine  to  Illinois  in  18rj4, 
and  as  a  farmer  has  l>een  quite  successful.     In  1866  he  was  married 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  49 

to  Lucinda  Jane  Laytoii.  Two  boys  and  two  girls  have  been  born 
to  them.  Politically  Mr.  M.  is  a  Democrat;  has  served  as  School 
Director  7  years,  Assessor  two  years,  and  Koad  Commissioner  3 
years.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows  Lodge,  Xo.  70,  and  of 
Encam])ment  No.  ^7.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the 
M.  E.  Church. 

Capt.  B.  L.  Matthews,  the  son  of  John  B.  and  Margaret  (Leacii) 
Matthews,  wa^^  born  Dec.  15,  1806,  in  Rouen  county,  N.  C.  His 
fatliur  was  a  native  of  Rockingham  county,  Ya.,  his  mother  of 
North  Carolina.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Benj.  Leach,  who  was  of 
Welsh  descent.  Her  ancestors  emigrated  to  North  Carolina  lonor 
before  the  Revolution,  in  which  Uiey  took  an  active  part  on  the 
side  of  the  Colonies.  Their  direct  paternity  also  took  part  in  the 
war  of  1812.  The  father  of  John  B.  Matthews  was  a  native  of  the 
county  of  Tyrone,  Ireland,  and  came  to  North  Carolina  in  a  very 
early  day,  where  he  died.  John  B.  Matthews  was  among  the  very 
earliest  settlers  in  Pike  county,  having  located  here  in  1825. 
Crossing  Phillips'  ferry  over  the  Illinois  river,  he  settled  on  land 
in  Flint  tp.,  where  he  engaged  in  farming.  When  he  arrived  many 
remnants  of  once  powerful  Indian  tribes  yet  remained  on  their  fa- 
vorite hunting-ground.  He  said  that  500  Indians  seen  in  one  gang 
was  not  an  uncommon  sight. 

They  brought  with  them  a  family  of  6  children  :  Benj.  L.,  who 
was  born  in  N.  C;  Alvira  and  John,  born  in  Ky.;  James,  Nancy 
and  Robert,  born  in  White  county,  111.,  where  the  elder  Matthews 
emigrated  about  1818;  two  more  children,  Austin  and  Albert, 
were  born  to  them  in  this  county.  All  of  these  are  living  except 
John  and  James.  After  one  year's  residence  in  Flint  tp.,  Mr.  M. 
moved  to  sec.  12,  Gi-riggsville  tp.,  where  he  resided  for  several  years; 
then  to  New  Salem  tp.,  where  he  lived  two  or  three  years;  and  then 
to  Perry  tp.  His  wife,  Margaret  (Leach)  Matthews,  died  on  sec. 
32,  Perry  tp.,  in  1851  or  '52.  John  B.  went  to  Missouri  in  1856 
and  resided  with  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Alvira  Tucker,  where  he  died 
in  1857. 

Capt.  Matthews,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  obtained  his  early  edu- 
cation in  the  old-fashioned  log  school-houses  of  Kentucky  and  Illi- 
nois. Dec.  24,  1829,  he  was  married  to  Minerva  Carrington,  a 
native  of  Kentucky,  and  a  daughter  of  Asa  Carrington.  Mrs.  M. 
died  Oct.  15,  1841,  leaving  a  family  of  4  children,  an  infant  some 
two  years  old  dying  5  days  previously.  The  names  of  the  children 
were  Martha,  Asa  C,  Joseph  H.,  Lucinda  and  Benjamin.  Asa  C, 
the  well  known  Col.  Matthews,  of  Pittsfield,  and  Martha,  are  the 
only  two  now  living.  Mr.  Matthews  was  married  a  second  time  to 
Sarah  Wattles,  in  1842.  She  was  a  native  of  Connecticut,  and  died 
March  2,  1861,  leaving  2  children,  Harriet  and  Mary.  He  was 
married  to  his  3d  and  present  wife,  Mary  Lay  ton,  in  Dec,  1861. 
She  is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Lay  ton. 
They  have  1  child,  Anna  B. 

30 


600  HISToKV    itl-     1-lKi;    i:OUNTy. 

At  the  age  of  21  Capt.  Matlliewg  cotuuieuced  active  life  witli  not 
BO  much  as  a  diiiie,  aiul  with  no  expectation  of  anything  hoing 
given  to  hinj.  lit*  Hrst  sturtt'il  tor  the  Galena  lead  mines;  for  one 
year  prospected,  worked  by  the  month,  etc.,  not  l)ein«;  vt'ry  success- 
ful; the  second  year  he  to(»k  job  work,  running  a  smelting  furnace 
and  cutting  wood.  lie  laitl  up  about  $;5(K)  this  year,  when  lie  went 
near  Naples,  ilorgan  Co.,  n»»w  Sc<»tt  Co.,  ant!  investeil  a  part  of 
this  in  Si>  acres  of  land,  upon  whieh  he  t'rected  a  I<»g  h<»u<e.  an<l  in 
this  he  commenced  housekeeping  after  he  was  luarrii'd.  "  lie  then 
bought  land  ou  sec.  3^},  Perry  tp.,  U|>on  wliich  he  moved  in  1833. 
Up  to  185(5  Mr.  M.  turned  his  entire  attention  to  farming  ami  stofk- 
raisin;;.  That  year,  in  company  with  (\'phas  Simmons,  he  built  tlie 
first  steam  grir^t-mill  that  was  built  in  (iriggsville.  This  mill  is 
now  run  by  Mr.  Frye.  Mr.  .M.  since  that  time  ha£  occupied  hiB 
time  in  farming  mostly,  and  resides  with  his  family  on  sec.  28, 
tliis  tp. 

Capt.  Matthews  is  a  Iteptjbliran  in  politics;  was  formerly  a 
Whig.  During  the  war  of  the  Uebellioti  he  took  a  prominent  and 
active  jiart  in  support  of  the  admini6trati«>n  of  !*resident  Lincoln, 
and  for  the  preservation  of  the  Tnion.  He  raised  Co.  U  of  the 
9'.»th  III.  Inft.,  and  was  ummimously  chosen  its  Captain.  He 
si'rve«l  for  alxujt  si.x  months,  when  lie  WJ4S  severely  attackrd  with 
chronic  rheumatism,  on  account  of  which  he  was  obliged  to  resign 
his  otlice  and  return  honu-,  and  suirerrd  srvrrely  for  three  years  af- 
terward. Tlie  ("apt^iin  has  been  a  mnnbcr  of  the  .M.  K.  Church 
for  tlie  last  -ii)  years.  Wo  give  his  portrait  in  this  book,  which 
was  engraved  from  a  photograph  taken  at  the  age  of  61>  years. 

./.  i\  Mert'dith  was  Ixirn  in  Missouri  Feb.  2,  1^49;  is  a  son  of 
William  ami  Amelia  (  He.itty)  More<lith.  the  former  a  Welshman, 
his  mother  a  native  of  Connecticut.  J.  C.  attended  the  common 
schools  of  this  county,  where  he  received  his  education;  he  has  fol- 
loweti  farmini;,  but  at  present  is  engage<l  in  keej>ing  a  resUiurant 
in  IVrrv.  In  ls7:»  he  was  joine«l  in  the  lu»ly  Uinds  «»f  matrimony 
with  -Melissa  Bradbury:  Injth  of  them  are  memlxjrs  of  the  i'ajitist 
Church.  Mr.  M.  is  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows  order  and  also 
of  the  Ancient  Order  of  the  United  Workmen. 

Joseph  F.  M'tz,  merchant,  was  Ixjrn  in  Harrison  county,  Va., 
Jai\.  31,  1824,  an*l  is  the  son  of  Isaac  and  Lucy  (  Hoskinson)  Metz. 
His  father  was  l)orn  in  Berks  county,  Penn.,  June  7,  1799.  and 
his  mother  in  Monongahela  county,  Va.,  June  19,  1800.  His 
father  was  of  German  descent  and  his  mother  of  Welsh.  Has  been 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  for  20  years,  since  1844  at 
Chaml)ersl)urg.  He  came  t«>  Perry  in  November,  1^75.  He  was 
united  in  marriage  in  1852  with  Elizabeth  Akin.  Three  children, 
2  girls  and  a  boy,  havelK?en  born  to  them.  Mrs.  M.  died  June  13, 
1867.  James  A.,  the  eldest  son,  is  married  and  engaged  in  the 
store  with  his  father.  May  7,  1872,  he  was  married  to  Elizabeth 
Elliott,  who  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at  Perry.  Mr.  M. 
is  a  member  of  both  the  Masonic  and  Odd  Fellows  orders. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  501 

George  S.  Metz,  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.Perry.  Mr.  Metz  was 
born  in  Pike  county  in  1S41 ;  he  is  tlie  son  of  Isaac  and  Lucy 
(Hoskinson)  Metz,  the  former  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  the 
latter  of  Virc^inia.  Geo.  S.  owns  220  acres  of  land  in  this  county. 
Aug.  23,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  B,  99th  111.  Inf ,  under  Capt.  J. 
W.  Fee,  and  served  until  1865.  Pie  was  in  the  40-day  siege  of 
Vicksburg  under  Gen.  Grant,  and  was  in  every  battle  that  the  Reg- 
iment was  in.     He  is  a  radical  Republican,  politically. 

Thomas  Morgan  was  born  in  county  Warwick,  England,  Feb. 
22,  1816.  James  and  Letitia  (Clark)  Morgan,  his  parents,  \vere 
natives  of  England.  He  was  educated  in  the  common  and  high 
schools  of  his  native  country.  lie  came  to  America  in  1842,  and 
lived  in  St.  Louis,  then  in  Alton,  Missouri,  and  Kansas,  and  then 
■came  to  Pike  county  in  1862.  By  occupation  he  is  a  stone  and 
brick  mason,  having  learned  his  trade  in  England.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  1839  to  Anna  Toltom,  a  native  of  England.  They  have  3 
<jhildren,  all  girls.    Mr.  M.  is  a  Democrat  and  a  Free  Mason. 

A.J.Morris,  farmer,  sec.  35;  P.O.  Perry.  Mr.  Morris  was 
born  in  Scott  county.  111.,  Nov.  29,  1840;  he  received  his  education 
in  the  common  schools  of  Missouri;  he  formerly  conducted  a 
saw-mill,  and  is  now  the  owner  of  a  farm  in  Perry  tp.  His  parents 
were  James  and  Prudy  (Barrett)  Mori-is.  In  1868  he  was  married 
to  Mary  Hewey.  Three  children  were  born  to  them:  James 
Walter,  dec,  Melissa  Ellen  and  Edward  [Nathaniel. 

W.  W.  Mor7'is  was  born  in  this  count}'  in  1837,  and  is  the  son  of 
John  and  Emily  (Henly)  Morris,  natives  of  Kentucky.  He  is  a 
farmer,  owning  190  acres  of  land  in  this  township.  In  1859  he 
married  Mary  F.  Metz,  and  they  have  7  sons  and  2  daughters.  He 
is  a  Democrat,  has  been  School  Director  two  terms,  and  he  and  his 
wife  are  Methodists. 

John  E.  Morton  was  born  in  Kentucky  Sept.  9,  1833,. the  son 
of  Charles  M.  and  Mary  L.  (Hawkins)  Morton,  natives  of  Orange 
county,  Va.,  the  former  of  Scottish  descent,  and  the  latter  English; 
John  E.  obtained  his  school  education  in  Adams  county,  111., 
whither  the  family  had  emigrated  when  he  was  an  infant.  In 
October,  1861,  he  came  into  Pike  countv.  He  followed  farminof 
until  1860,  kept  store  in  Adams  county  two  years,  then  continued 
the  mercantile  business  at  Perry  Springs,  in  partnership  with  his 
father-in-law,  two  years:  went  to  Perry  in  1865,  where  he  kept 
store  two  years,  and  then  commenced  the  business  of  packing  pork 
and  dealini;  in  ^rain  and  lumber.  In  1871  his  building  was 
burned  down,  and  he  lost  nearly  $4,500.  He  is  now  farming.  In 
1855  he  jnarried  Emily  J.  Brown,  and  they  have  had  3  children. 
He  is  a  Master  in  Lodge  No.  95  of  the  Masonic  Order;  his  wife  is 
a  Presbvterian. 

Maj.  W.  K.  Oat  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July  25,  1804,  a 
son  of  Jesse  and  Charlotte  (Ilapple)  Oat,  of  German  descent;  for 
thirty  years  he  followed  farming  in  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  and 
in  1858  he  emigrated  West,  settling  in  the  town  of  Perry.     Dec. 


502  mSTOKY    OF    PIKE  COUNTY. 

4»  1645,  he  married  Miirv  M.  (Hensted),  wid«t\v  of  J.  "NV.  Calvert. 
Tlie  major  has  hecn  married  three  times.  lie  and  his  present  wife 
are  Preshyterians.  lie  is  a  Uepubliciu,  ami  has  been  Scliool 
Dir«'et«»r  mid  ini'inher  i»t'  tlie  Town    Hoard. 

Jt^ni  J'ui'ce  wa."*  horn  in  Aiiains  county,  lih,  in  1^44,  and  is 
the  son  of  Jolin  and  Nancy  (Wilson)  Pierce,  natives  of  Kentuokv. 
Ue  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  7.  lu  1SC2  he  enlisted  in  Company  II., 
12!*tli  rf<;iiin!it,  under  ('apt.  Case,  ami  was  diK<'har<«;ed  ,Iune  S, 
18t!o.  He  went  with  Siu-rmati  on  his  (irand  .March  to  the  Sea. 
In  1S<)7  he  married  .Martha  (irtH»f),  and  their  children  are  4  Uiys 
and  3  ^irlK.      Mr.  Pierce  is  a  Iwepuhlican. 

Dr.  ./.  G.  Pliillijts  wa-  Ixtrn  in  lA'\in«rton,  Ky..  in  1826.  His 
pannt.x,  .loscph  .M.  and  Nancy  ( .M  iik-r)  Phillips,  were  natives  of 
Penn^vlvania  and  Kentuckv,  n-.-'pectivelv.  He  received  his  com- 
mon-school  eiiiiuition  in  Illinois.  In  lsr>5  he  ;;radnated  in  med- 
icine at  the  Mistioiiri  rniversity,  and  pmcticed  in  Iowa  nine  years; 
ni"St  of  the  tim*-  in  Illinois  ho  has  hr  •  -i  Brown  county.  In 
InT*^  he  came  ti»  Perry,  where  he  has  a^  ml  practice.   In  1S50 

he  marrieil  Mary  Ann  Thompson,  and  in  1869  lie  married  a  sec- 
ond wife,  Minerva  A.  McC'hire.  He  has  been  a  School  Director 
and  Town  Trustee  in  Mojint  Sterling.  He  served  two  terms  in 
the  I.ei^islature  as  a  representative  of  Hrown  ct>untv.  P<tlitics, 
l)em»»crat.  In  1847  he  was  in  the  Mexican  war,  an()  dischar^^ed 
in  Isls  at  Santa  Fe.  In  ls«!2,ho  eidiste*!  in  the  war  of  the 
l{el)ellion;  was  Captain  of  36th  111.,  but  soon  resigned  on  account  of 
ill  health. 

\V.  A.  Jitt'd,  wa;^»n  and  carria^  manufacturer,  Perrv,  was  Ixirn 
in  Hamilton  county,  O.,  May  11,  iH.'is,  the  M)n  of  Joseph  and 
Mary  (Ward)  Utvd,  the  former  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  of  Irish 
ancestry.  He  receive<l  his  e<lucati«>n  in  the  common  and  select 
schools  of  Ohio,  Hn*l  Perry,  III.;  he  learne<l  the  blackhmith's  trade, 
but  at  present  is  engaj^Hl  in  the  manufacture  of  wagons,  buggies, 
etc.,  at  which  he  is  very  successful.  In  1^60  he  was  married  to 
Lizzie  Lynn,  in  Winchester,  111.,  and  they  have  2  children,  botli 
girls.  Poth  Mr  and  Mr.-;.  K.  are  members  of  the  M.  K.  Church, 
of  which  he  has  l>cpn  Recording  Steward.  He  has  served  as  Town 
Clerk  and  P«dice  Magistrate. 

O.  I^'  '>n  was  iKjrn   in  Obit)  in    1>»;{0;  his  fatiier,  Antiiony, 

was  a  ii.i.  ;.  r  Massachusetts,  and  his  mother.  Wealthy  Aiiri,  7ie€ 
Aldridge,  was  lutrn  in  Ohio.  Their  ancestry  was  English.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  Pike  county  in  1835,  and  has  lived 
in  this  county  ever  since.  He  followeil  farming  until  1^77;  then 
lie  was  in  the  hardware  business  a  little  over  a  year  in  Perry.  In 
1^54  he  was  married,  but  his  wife  died,  and  he  married  again  in 
1S72.  He  has  had  3  children  by  each  wife.  He  is  a  Democrat; 
has  Inen  Iload  Commissioner,  School  Trustee  and  Director.  He 
was  :   •  ■. -''ler  in  the  Perry  Wt)olen  Mills  two  years. 

A  '  liiyiiohh  was  lK»rn  in  Scott  county,  111.,  in   1844,  and 

is  the  son  of  Allen   B.  and  Louisa  (Bradbury)   Reynolds.      His 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  503 

father  was  born  in  Pntnam  county,  N.  Y.,  and  his  mother  in 
Brown  county,  O.,  and  both  of  Scotch-Irisli  ancestry.  The  subject 
of  tliis  sketch  is  a  farmer  by  occupation.  In  1861  lie  enlisted  in 
the  33d  111.  Vol.  Inf.,  and  while  serving  as  cook  he  lost  his  si^^ht 
and  became  so  blind  that  in  1863  he  was  discharged.  He  was  in 
the  battles  of  Cotton  Plant  and  Boliver  Bend,  both  in  Arkansas. 
He  is  a  man  of  more  than  ordinary  energy.  He  says  that  he  can 
do  any  kind  of  work  now  that  he  ever  could  do  when  he  could  see, 
and  will  walk  all  over  and  arouiul  the  town  of  Perry,  and  even  go 
into  the  country  four  or  five  miles.  lie  superintends  all  his  work. 
In  1877  he  married  Mattie  A.  Crawford.  They  are  members  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church.     In  politics  he  is  a  Republican. 

N.  W.  Reynolds  was  born  in  North  Salem,  West  Chester  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  4,  1802;  he  is  the  son  of  Zadok  M.  and  Polly  Rey- 
nolds, natives  of  the  Empire  State,  and  of  English  descent;  he 
emigrated  West  in  an  early  day  and  Aug.  11,  1837,  located  in  the 
town  of  Perry,  where  he  has  ever  since  lived.  At  the  age  of  16 
our  subject  commenced  to  learn  the  trade  of  manufacturing  sad- 
dles, harness  and  trunks,  which  business  he  followed  until  1864. 
In  1844  he  started  the  first  hotel  in  the  town  of  Perry,  called  the 
Perry  House,  and  conducted  it  with  success  until  1860.  In  1824 
he  married  Eliza  C.  Crissey,  who  died  Sept.  11,  1859.  They  had 
4  children,  all  now  married  and  doing  well.  In  1860  Mr,  R.  mar- 
ried again.  His  present  wife  is  a  Baptist,  while  he  is  a  member 
of  the  Methodist  Church  and  has  been  Class-Leader,  Steward  and 
Trustee;  in  politics  he  is  a  Republican.  He  is  a  charter  member 
of  the  Masonic   Lodge  at  Perry,  No,  95,  and  also  of  the  Chapter. 

Thomas  Reynolds,  one  of  the  early  settlers  and  now  one  of  the 
most  prominent  citizens  of  Perry  tp.,  was  born  at  Argyle,  Wash- 
ington county,  N.  Y,,  Aug,  8,  1816;  his  father,  William,  was  a 
native  of  Ireland  and  his  mother,  Nancy  {nee  Martin)  Reynolds,  a 
native  of  New  York  and  of  Scottish  ancestry.  His  father  came  to 
America  when  20  years  of  age,  locating  at  Argyle,  N,  Y,,  where 
he  married.  In  1826  he  moved  to  the  western  part  of  New  York 
State.  He  and  his  wife  both  died  at  Jamestown,  N,  Y,,  aged  64 
and  60  respectively,  Thomas  first  settled  in  Pike  county  in  the 
summer  of  1842,  when  he  bought  a  grain  thresher  and  sej^arator, 
the  first  in  the  county,  and  followed  threshing  with  some  kind  of 
machine  in  connection  with  farming  for  23  years,  Feb.  4,  1844, 
he  married  Lucy  Jane  Callis,  daughter  of  David  and  Sarah  (Wal- 
pole)  Callis,  of  Virginia,  and  early  settlers  in  this  county.  The 
ancestry  of  the  Walpoles  is  traced  in  a  direct  line  to  Sir  Edward 
Walpole,  of  England,  a  branch  of  the  family  having  settled  in 
Virginia  previous  to  the  Revolution,  Mr,  and  Mrs.  Reynolds 
have  6  children:  Nancy  Malvina,  who  married  Robert  Buckthorp; 
Sarah  Jane,  who  married  Henry  Cocking:  these  reside  at  Jacksf)n- 
ville,  111.;  David  M.,  who  married  Ada  Burrows  and  resides  in 
Spring  Creek  township,  this  county;   William  T.,  John  W.  and 


604 


HISTORY    <'K    PIKK    COINTT. 


Iluirh  Lee  are  witli  their  j)areiit8.      Mr.    K«'yiiokls  and  most  of  his 
taiiiily  are    Mt-lliodists. 

Althoui^h  IVrry  t|>.  is  hir^uly  Ilepul>licaii  and  Mr.  Ui-ynohls  is 
a  Deinocriit,  he  has  l>een  electetl  to  till  nearly  every  ollice  in  the 
gift  of  the  township,  l>t»8ideH  having  heen  C^oiinty  Treasurer  two 
years.  lIi-  was  Supervisdr  tor  !•  or  10  years,  School  Director  20 
years,  K<»ud  ('(Mnniissiuner,  etc.,  etc.  lie  was  elected  (\»unty 
rreasun-r  in  1>7«»,  when  he  furnisheil  security  of  ij^l,lOO,  OIJo, 
which  was  far  heavier  than  anv  ever  Injfore  jjiven  in  the  county,  lie 
wjis  expected  to  collect  and  pay  i»rt'  honds  fi»r  the  Suy  levee. 
During  his  term  of  «iffice  the  county  ]»ri»secuted  a  suit  against  the 
railroads  t«»  c«»llect  ta.\  on  their  capital  stuck,  and  the  tlecisiiui  was 
in  favor  of  the  county.  Mr.  U.  to«»k  an  active  part  in  securing  this 
result.  While  Treasurer  he  resideil  in  I'ittstiuld.  He  is  now  on 
liis  farm,  N.  NV.  ^  sec.  26.  In  1^45  he  hought  isO  acres,  hut  he 
now  has  240  at  his  homestead,  2 Hi  on  sees.  31  and  ;)2.  ('Iiaml>ers- 
burg  tp.,  and  240  on  sees.  10  and  11,  Spring  creek  tp.  Mr.  It^'y- 
nidds'  portrait  will  l>c  found  in  this  volume. 

tLmejth  It.  Ulikart^  carpenter  and  c«'ntrHct<»r,  was  horn  .\ug.  5, 
1847,  and  is  a  son  of  David  S.  Uickart,  who  is  a  native  of  Ohio  and 
a  merchant  in  IVrry,  where  .h»seph  also  resides.  His  mother  is  of 
German  ancestry.  By  occupation  Mr.  II.  is  a  cjirjienter,  and  is  ac- 
counteil  one  of  the  In'st  mechanics  in  Perry.  He  U-gan  to  learn 
his  trade  at  the  age  of  20,*  and  ha>  ''tiued  t<»  foIh»w  it  with  en- 
ergy ami  success.  Ho  does  conr.i  .  -■  contracting,  and  is  a  man 
wlio  loves  the  association  of  Uioks. 

Vharle*  Scfmffnit,  insurance  agent  and  de-iiler  in  musical  instru- 
ments ami  s«'wing-machines,  Pt-rry,  was  l)4»rn  in  Pike  county,  Oct. 
24,  lS4^,and  is  a  son  of  Martin  and  -Mary  i  Lutz)  Schairnil,  natives  of 
Germany.  He  reeeiveil  his  eiiuaition  |»Hrtly  in  the  common  schools, 
and  also  attendtNl  the  Central  NN\>liyan  College  of  Missouri.  He 
came  to  Perry  in  1>>71,  where  he  Ua>  met  with  eminent  success  in 
his  business.  He  n-jiresent*  the  (ierman  In^urance  Company  of 
Free}K>rt,  the  Plxenix  of  Hartford,  the  Americiin  of  Chicago,  and 
the  Home  Life  of  Mew  York.  His  father  came  to  Illinois  in  1817; 
in  1S72  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  marrie<l  to  Louisa  Vockey; 
to  them  have  l>een  born  3  children, — 2  l»oys  and  1  girl,  all  living. 
He  and  his  wife  are  meml)crs  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  of  which  he 
has  been  Steward.  Mr.  L.  is  Justice  of  the  Peace  of  Perry,  and 
handles  the  Whitney  vV  Holmes  organ  and  all  kinds  of  sewing 
machines. 

J>.  D.  Scluiuh^  cari>enter,  was  lx»rn  in  Monroe,  O.,  Feb.  23,  1838; 
his  parents,  David  and  Catharine  R  (Bitz)  Schaub,  were  both  of  Ger- 
man descent.  He  receive<l  his  early  education  in  the  Baldwin 
University  of  Ohio.  At  the  early  age  of  14  he  l>egan  to  learn  the 
carpenter's  trade,  and  most  of  his  life  since  has  lK*en  spent  in  this 
calling.  He  is  a  Trustee  of  the  town  of  Perry,  and  a  member  of  the 
Masonic  order.  In  1863  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  C/aroline 
Feldner.     Both  of  them  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 


-»M-.y».vT--^v- . 


FIRST  JAIL  AT  PITTSFIELD 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  507 

Jon  Shcistid  was  b6rn  in  Tennessee,  June  2,  1827,  and  is  a  son 
of  John  G.  and  Elizabeth  (Edwards)  Shastid,  the  former  a  native 
of  Tennessee,  and  his  mother  of  North  Caroh'na.  John  came  to 
Pike  county  in  1836,  locatino^  at  Pittstield.  h\  1802  he  moved 
to  Perry.  He  received  his  e<lucation  in  the  common  schools  and 
the  Illinois  Colleoje  at  Jacksonville.  He  followed  teaching  from 
1844  to  1868.  He  taut^ht  tliree  terms  in  the  countrv  and  has 
taught  in  Pittstield,  Griggsville,  Perry,  Barry,  Mt.  Sterling  and 
Lewistown.  In  1809  he  embarked  in  the  commercial  business  with 
bis  father-in-law,  under  the  firm  name  of  Kockill  &  Shastid,  and 
they  have  transacted  a  successful  business.  In  1804  Mr.  Shastid  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Esther  Anna  Kockill,  and  both  are  members 
of  the  Christian  Church. 

Benjamin  Taylor  Shoemaker,  deceased,  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  Feb.  12,  1812,  and  was  the  son  of  Daniel  Shoenudcer.  He 
was  ivared  on  a  farm  and  received  his  education  in  the  common 
schools  of  his  native  State.  He  was  a  natural  genius  and  a  me- 
chanic of  superior  ability.  As  a  farmer  he  was  very  successful,  and 
was  considered  one  of  the  best  farmers  in  the  county  where  he  lived 
in  New  Jersey.  He  came  to  Illinois  in  1868,  and  died  Oct.  26, 
1872.  Ilis  wife,  whom  he  married  in  1863,  bought  120  acres  of 
land  near  Perry.  She  was  a  widow  lady  at  the  time  they  were  mar- 
ried, having  been  the  wife  of  Mr.  Felmley:  her  maiden  name  was 
Ellen  Yoorhees.  Mr.  Shoemaker  had  5  children  b}'  a  former  wife, 
all  of  whom  are  living  and  married.  Mrs.  S.  had  2  children  by  her 
former  husband.  The  elder  son,  David,  is  teaching  in  Carrollton, 
Greene  county.  He  has  been  attending  college  at  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich. 

John  G.  Smith,  dec,  was  born  in  Illinois  in  1833,  and  was  the 
son  of  Absalom  and  Sarah  (Tunnel)  Smith.  He  was  engaged  in 
farming  during  his  life,  at  which  business  he  was  successful,  and 
owned  a  farm  at  the  time  of  his  death  in  1875.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  in  1868  with  Miss  Elizabeth  T.  Shelton  ;  two  children, 
one  boy  and  one  girl,  were  born  to  them.  Mrs.  S.  was  born  in  Pike 
county.  III.,  in  1845,  and  is  the  daughter  (?f  C.  Shelton,  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  Pike  county.  She  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church 
at  Perry. 

W.  W.  Smith  was  born  in  West  Virginia  in  1833,  the  son  of 
Gabriel  and  Elizabeth  (Nair)  Smith,  natives  of  A'^irginia  ;  father 
of  German,  and  mother  of  Irish  descent;  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  W.  Va.;  is  enjraired  in  farming,  owning  200  acres 
in  this  county.  For  10  years  he  was  engaged  in  threshing  in  Pike 
county.  Aul,^  16,  1860,  he  was  joined  in  the  holy  bonds  of  matri- 
mony with  Frances  A.  Brown.  Ella  \ .,  George  M.  and  Ilarvey 
D.  are  theii-  living  children.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  and  Odd 
Fellows  fraternities.  Ancient  Order  of  the  United  Workmen,  and 
of  the  societ}'  for   protection   against  horse-thieves.     He  came  to 


608  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COCNTT. 

this  county  in   1857,  settling  at  Perry,  at  which  phtce  he  has  since 
resided. 

John  Jacob  Snider,  fanner,  sec.  0  ;  P.  ().  Perry.  Henry  and 
Catharine  Snider  are  the  parents  of  the  suhject  of  this  sketdi,  and 
they  eini;;ratcd  ft>  this  county  in  lSr>0  ;  John  Jacol),  wlio  was  horn 
in  (irrmany  Ajtril  7,  ls4<),  came  to  tliis  county  and  h>cated  at  Perry 
in  1S5H  ;  he  was  educated  in  the  common  schools.  lie  h'arned  the 
trade  of  a  taih>r,  at  which  business  he  was  cnj^a^fd  S  years.  Sept. 
21.  1S(;5,  he  was  unite<l  in  marriage  with  Maria  llerche  ;  4  chil- 
dren, 2  hoys  and  2  j^irls.  were  horn  to  them.  IJoth  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
S.  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Geortje  W.  Stt'th,  miUer,  Perry,  was  b<»rn  in  Pike  Co.,  111.,  Jan. 
29,  1^40  ;  his  j)an'nts,  L.  J.  and  Sarah  (Walker)  Steele,  were  natives 
of  Kentucky,  hib  father  of  Gernum,  an<l  his  mother  of  Hn^lish 
descent,  (teo.  W.  received  his  educatitm  mostly  in  Adams  Co., 
111.  He  has  been  enj^i^ti  in  Ilinman  Mills  at  Perry  for  tjje  last  8 
years.  In  ls.')0  he  was  unite<l  in  marria«^'  with  Catharine  Mull  : 
of  the  7  chiUlren  born  to  them  ()  are  living, — 5  hoys  and  one  {.^irl. 
lioth  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  members  of  the  Si.  E.  Church. 

Jaine»  Stewart,  farmer,  sec.  2  ;  P.  O.  Perry.  The  subject  of 
this  biography  was  lM»rn  in  the  State  of  Kentucky  March  17,  1818; 
he  is  the  son  of  Peter  Stewart,  of  Delaware,  and  Tamar  Stewart, 
iu-e  Hancock,  of  Maryland,  and  t»oth  of  Scottish  descent.  Mr. 
Stewart  did  not  have  tlie  advantai^'S  of  school,  never  having  attend- 
ed a  day  in  his  life.  I'ntil  he  was  18  years  of  age  he  did  ni»t  live 
within  'JO  miles  of  a  school-house.  lie  aime  to  Pike  county  in 
1S25.  He  is  the  owner  i»f  3(>0  Jicres  of  land,  and  as  a  farmer  is 
successful.  In  1S30  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  K. 
Arnott.  His  third  wife  was  ]^fartha  .Jane  Newton,  who  was  boro 
in  Hrown  C...,  ().,  May  29,  iSlu.  When  Mr.  Stewart  first  came  to 
Morgan  county  his  neare.^t  neighlM^r  was*;  miles  di.-tant,  .iiid  tiiere 
was  only  one  house  in  Jacksonville. 

liatmom  Stotce^  manufacturer,  I'erry,  is  a  son  of  David  and  Sally 
(Palmer)  Stowe,  natives  of  Vcrnnmt  ;  he  was  born  in  1815; 
received  his  educjition  in^the  comnitin  schools  of  the  (ireen  Moun- 
tain State;  in  18.'»0  came  to  Illinois,  and  in  1852  to  Perry,  where 
he  has  since  reside<^l.  He  had  l>een  engaged  in  farming,  but  since 
that  date  has  l>een  running  a  i)low  manufactory  in  Perry,  and  has 
been  moderately  successful.  In  1835  he  took  unto  himself  a  wife 
in  the  person  of  Ann  Prindle  ;  by  this  union  2  children  were  born. 
Mrs.  S.  died  in  1871,  and  in  1873  Mr.  Stowe  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Sarah  Stewart.  Israel  F.,  l>orn  in  1874,  is  their  only 
ciiild.     Mrs.  S.  is  a  member  of  tl»e  M.  E.  Church. 

li'ichard  Sweeiimj,  farmer,  sec.  33  ;  P.  O.  Perry.  Mr.  S.  is  a 
native  of  England,  ami  was  born  Sept.  10,  1819.  His  parents, 
Jonathan  and  Mary  (^Norfolk)  Sweeting,  were  also  natives  of  En- 
gland. Richard  came  to  Americaat  the  age  of  19,  and  to  Pike 
county  in  1850.  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Dorotha  Marshall,  and  they  have  had  11  children,  7 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  509 

of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  S.  learned  the  bakery  and  confectionery 
trade  in  England,  but  has  been  farn\ing  since  he  came  to  America. 
He  arrived  in  his  adopted  country  with  $3.75.  He  now  owns  a 
good  farm  of  160  acres.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of 
England. 

Sutpkhi  Tay/or,  farmer,  sec.  18  ;  P.  O.  Perry  ;  was  born  in  Pike 
county  in  184i,  the  son  of  Simon  H.  and  Nancy  Taylor,  Kentuck- 
ianSj — his  father  of  Welsh  and  mother  of  German  descent.  Mr. 
T.  is  the  youngest  of  a  family  of  13  children.  For  several  years 
he  engaged  in  blacksmithing.  In  1870  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Lucinda  JJarnett.  Mr.  T.  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  lodge 
at  Perry.     Politically  he  is  a  Democrat. 

William  Taylor,  the  son  of  Wm.  and  Charlotte  (Philpot)  Taylor, 
was  born  in  Connecticut  in  1838;  his  parents  were  natives  of  Eng- 
land. He  received  his  education  mostly  in  Pike  county,  where  he 
came  in  1850,  and  went  to  Ottawa,  La  Salle  Co.,  where  in  1861  he 
enlisted  in  Co.  E,  26th  111.  Inf,  and  was  discharged  in  1863  on 
account  of  disability.  He  was  in  the  battle  of  Corinth,  luka,  Par- 
ker's Cross  Roads,  Farmington,  and  several  skirmishes  while  in 
Missouri.  Has  resided  in  Perry  since  his  discharge  from  the  army, 
where  he  has  been  elected  township  Collector  for  7  years  in  succes- 
sion. In  1865  he  was  married  to  Elmira  Francis.  They  have  two 
children,  both  girls.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church  at 
Perry. 

William  Tho7nj?so7i,i'a.Tmei%  sec.  15;  P.  O.  Perry.  Wm.  Thomp- 
son was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Oct.  31,  1828;  his  parents  were 
Wra.  and  Hannah  (Lowe)  Thompson,  the  former  of  the  Keystone, 
the  latter  of  the  Bay  State.  Mr.  T.  came  to  Pike  county  in  1835, 
and  has  resided  on  sec.  15,  Perr^'  tp.,  ever  since,  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, at  which  business  he  has. been  very  successful,  owning  three 
farms  in  this  county.  His  father  died  Sept.  11,  1871,  and  his 
mother  is  living  with  him.  In  his  father's  family  were  8  children, 
2  boys  and  6  girls,  5  of  whom  are  living,  and  all  in  this  county 
except  one.  His  mother,  Hannah  (Lowe)  Thompson,  was  born  in 
1802,  and  his  father  was  born  June  3,  1795,  and  served  in  the  war 
of  1812. 

Wm.  Af.  Todd  was  born  Oct.  12,  1840,  in  this  county,  and  is  the 
son  of  Wm.  and  Lucy  (Morris)  Todd,  of  Kentucky  ;  he  received 
only  a  common-school  education.  He  was  united  in  marriage  in 
1875  to  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Davis,  nee  Remington.  They  have  two 
children.  By  occupation  Mr.  T.  is  a  farmer,  but  also  has  followed 
the  business  of  a  jjlasterer.  Mr.  T.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church.     Politically  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  served  as  Constable. 

Charles  TFa^c^  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.O.  Perry.  On  the  4th  day  of 
January,  1854,  there  was  born  to  John  and  Vibiler  (Taylor)  Wade, 
a  son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch;  he  attended  the  common  schools 
in  this  county.  He  was  married  April  8, 1877,  to  Fannie  M.  Ilobbs. 
In  politics  he  is  a  Republican. 


61(^  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

Jolifi  Wade^  decea6e<l,  was  horn  in  Kentucky  in  1S2!>,  and  early 
became  a  reoiilent  of  Pike  county,  and  un<;a^ed  in  fanning,  llo 
was  married  in  1850  to  Vibiler  Taylor,  and  of  the  5  children  born 
to  tluMii — 3  l>ovsand  2  twirls — one  son  and  one  dau<;hter  arc  married. 
Mr.  Wade  ilied  several  years  ago.  .Mrs.  Wade  is  the  daughter  of 
Simon  11.  Taylor,  who  em i'^rated  to  Pike  county  in  1825,  and  has 
since  resided  here.     Mrs.  W.  resides  on  sec.  8. 

Z.  ]!''/(/'  was  born  in  Kentucky  .lune  4,  1S23,  and  is  the  son  of 
Jobiah  :iiul  I' ranees  Wade,  the  fiithcr  of  \'irginia  and  of  English 
descent,  and  the  mother  of  Kentucky  amd  of  Welsh  descent.  Mr. 
Wade  came  to  Pike  ct)unty  in  1^3U,  and  has  t^een  a  vast  wilderness 
transfornu'<l  into  a  fruitful  field.  He  is  the  first  man  wlu»  discov- 
ereil  the  medical  properties  of  the  fann»U8  Perry  Springs;  he  con- 
ducie«l  tiiem  very  successfully  for  6  years.  As  a  farmer  he  has 
l)een  (piite  successful  :  ho  now  owns  two  farms.  In  politics  he  is  a 
I{i'j)ul»lican;  has  servetl  three  terms  as  a  Supervisor,  and  has  Ikhmi  a 
School  Trustee,  l{oa<l  Commissioner,  etc.  In  1841*  he  was  married 
to  Marv  Morrison,  ami  they  havea  family  of  one  b«»v  and  two  girls. 
Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.are  meml>ers  of  the  M.  K  Church,  of  wliich 
Mr.  \V.  has  ever  lieen  an  active  memln'r. 

Leonard  \Vivjnei\  farmer  sec.  4;  P.  ().  Pci  i  \  ;  was  born  in  Pike 
county  in  1841.  and  is  the  son  of  .lohn  aiul  Catiiarine  (Lutz)  Wag- 
ner, both  natives  of  Germany.  Mr.  W.  is  engaged  in  farming  on 
sec.  4,  where  he  »)wnb  M)  acres.  In  1862  he  cidisted  in  Co,  P),  99th 
111.  Inf,  under  (^apt.  P.  L.  Matthews;  he  was  in  almost  all  the 
battles  in  which  his  regiment  was  rti  '. •'.  -j;  he  was  discharged  in 
l.sr»5.      He  was  nnirried  in  1807  to  (  e  Schwer.     lioth  he  and 

his  wife  are  inemlHTs  of  the  M.  K.  Churcli. 

VnU'iain  Wmjner,  farmer  sec.  O;  i*.  (>.  Perry.  The  parents  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  John  and  Catharine  Wagner,  were  na- 
tives of  (iermany;  William  was  l)orn  in  this  county  in  1842; 
attendtnl  the  common  schotds  and  re<»ived  a  fair  education;  Ids 
father  came  to  Pike  county  43  yeiirs  ago.  Wiiliam  is  engjiged  in 
farming,  owning  a  farm  of  13.'»  acres.  In  1!S»m  he  was  unite<l  in 
marria^ie  with  .Miss  lAHiisa  Jane  Kiiler,  and  thev  have  a  familv  of 
4  boys  and  4  girls.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  are  meml)ers  of  the 
Zii>n  .M.  K.  Church. 

ir.  ('.  Walpoh  \S'A>  l>orn  in  Tennessee, and  is  the  son  of  William 
and  Kebecca  vJamcs)  Walptde,  the  former  a  native  of  ^'irginia,  and 
the  latter  of  Tennessee;  he  came  to  Pike  county  in  1>'j3  and  has 
resided  here  ever  since.  In  1862  he  enlisteil  in  tlie  9lUh  111.  Inf., 
Co.  P,  under  Capt.  Matthews,  and  served  until  1865;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills,  Black  li'.ver,  siege  of 
Vicksburg.  Matjigorda,  Te.x.,  and  Spanish  Fort,  but  was  never 
wounde<i  or  taken  prisoner.  In  1854  he  wa.s  united  in  marriage 
with  Marina  Pij)er,  and  they  have  a  family  of  one  lM)y  and  one  girl, 
at  luune.  All  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  His  wife's  father, 
Abraham  Piper,  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  Pike  county. 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  511 

Uenry  Warren  was  born  in  Ohio,  Sept.  30,  182Y,  and  is  a  son  ot 
John  and  Sarah  (Brantlinurter)  Warren,  botli  natives  of  Ohio, 
mother  of  German,  and  lather  of  Englisli  ancestr}',  Henry  beojan 
to  learn  his  trade  when  a  boy,  and  has  worked  at  it  ever  since,  and 
has  conducted  a  shop  in  Perry  for  several  years.  In  1854  he  was 
married,  and  his  wife  died  May  16,  1869.  He  has  a  family  of  2 
bovs  and  2  crirls.  He  has  served  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees  of  Perry. 

B.  A.  Watson^  proprietor  of  the  Perry  Mineral  Springs,  is  a  na- 
tive of  Tennessee.  Here  he  was  born  in  1818.  His  parents,  W.  W. 
and  Maria  (Cape)  Watson,  were  natives  of  New  Jersey  and  Ken- 
tucky respectively.  When  our  subject  was  18  years  of  age  he 
emigrated  to  Illinois,  and  from  1840  to  1865  he  was  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  confectioneries  at  Springfield,  at  which  business 
he  was  quite  successful.  Thinking  to  better  his  condition  he  moved 
to  the  celebrated  Perry  Springs,  where  he  expended  the  enormous 
sum  of  $100,000  in  the  erection  of  buildings  and  other  improve- 
ments. These  Springs  are  very  largely  attended  by  parties  from 
all  parts  of  the  United  States.  We  speak  at  length  of  them  in  our 
history  of  the  township.  Mr.  W.  was  married  to  Miss  Emma  R. 
Planck,  in  1845;  by  this  union  1  children  have  been  born.  The 
eldest  son  and  daughter  are  both  married,  the  latter  the  wife  of  Dr. 
A.  B.  Carey,  of  Pittslield.  Mrs.  W.  died  in  1870.  Mr.  W.  has 
served  as  Postmaster  in  Perry  Springs  for  the  last  10  years. 

Jacob  Wehe)',  born  in' Germany  in  1829,  is  the  son  of  John  and 
Mary  (Readiner)  Weber,  natives  of  Germany,  where  they  both  died. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools,  and  emigrated  to 
America  in  1852  ;  is  a  blacksmith,  and  commenced  to  learn  his  trade 
at  the  age  of  14,  and  worked  at  it  8  years  in  Germany;  also  8  years 
in  Philadelphia;  the  last  18  years  he  has  followed  farming,  with 
success.  He  owns  150  acres  of  land  on  sec.  17.  In  1854  he  mar- 
ried Mary  Klos,  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  They  have  2  sons 
and  5  daughters.     Mr.  Weber  is  a  Democrat. 

A.  S.  WAittaker  was  born  Oct.  25,  1818,  in  Greene  county,  jST.  Y. ; 
he  is  the  son  of  William  E.  and  Anna  (Dubois)  Whittaker,  natives 
of  New  York,  the  former  of  English  ancestry,  and  the  latter  of 
French.  He  commenced  to  learn  the  carpenter's  trade  at  the  age  of 
14  and  worked  at  it  until  1853,  since  which  time  he  has  kept  a 
general  store.  He  has  had  2  partners  since  starting  in  business 
here,  but  for  the  last  5  years  he  has  been  alone.  In  1840  he  married 
Lucinda  Smith,  and  they  have  5  daughters  and  one  son.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  W.  are  Universalists,  and  he  is  a  member  of  Lodge  No.  95, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M. 

Smith  Wilkins,  wagon  and  carriage  manufacturer,  was  born  in 
Ross  count}',  O.,  in  1851.  His  parents  were  Peter  and  Elizabeth 
(Bowen)  Smith,  natives  of  Ohio,  and  of  German  ancestry;  he  was 
educated  in  a  common  school.  For  several  months  he  has  been 
running  the  engine  at  Hinman's  Mill.     June  11,  1875,  he  married 


512  HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY. 

Sarali  Kelley,  and  they  have  2  sons  and  one  daughter.     Politically, 
Mr.  Wilkins  is  a  Itepublicaii. 

W.  11.  WlUon  was  liorn  Sept.  16,  1845,  in  England,  and  is  the 
son  of  lli'iiry  and  Catharine  S.  (Strntton^  AVilsttn,  nativt's  of  Eng- 
liind;  received  his  school  etlucation  in  theconnnon  8ch(.»ol  in  lirown 
county,  111.;  si.x  months  ho  attended  IJryant  &  Stratton's  Commer- 
cial College.  He  has  lived  in  Pike  county  since  l^i55,  except  one 
year,  1804,  he  was  in  tin*  army.  He  n<»w  lives  half  a  mile  fri>m 
Perry,  where  he  and  his  father  own  400  acres  of  land  and  follow 
farming.  In  IsOiJhe  married  Miss  C.  E.  Hradhurv,  and  thev  have 
2  daughters, — Grace,  9  years  old,  and  Hessie,  5.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W. 
are  Presbyterians.  As  to  |)olitics  Mr.  W.  votes  for  the  best  man. 
Mr.  AVilsoii  pays  as  he  goes,  never  contracting  debt.<. 

//t'w/y  11'// /tr."  WHS  born  in  ls45,  in  Calhoun  county,  111.;  when 
young  his  jmrents  brought  him  into  Pike  county,  but  he  was  educjited 
at  the  Warren  Institute  at  Warren  ton,  Mo.  Py  occupation  he  is  a  bar- 
ber. Duringthewar  he  enlisted  in  Co.  P.  yS^th  Peg.  111.  Vol.,  and  was 
in  the  battle  ot  Ilart.sville,  Mo.,  and  the  siege  of  N'icksburg.  Seven 
holes  were  shot  through  his  coat,  but  he  received  no  wound.  Ho 
was  in  (ten.  (vrant's  command. 

F rattle  Wri'//it,  carriage  blacksmitii,  wjus  born  in  1855,  son  of 
liobert  and  Harriet  Wright,  his  father  of  Irish  ancestry,  and  his 
mother  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  Alter  traveling  and  working  in 
several  States  he,  in  ls07,  settled  in  Pike  county.  He  has  followed 
the  trade  of  blacksmithing  ever  since  he  was  1»»  years  of  age.  In 
1878  he  married  Floni  Schaub,  an<i  Charlev,  born  in  l.s7l>,  is  their 
onlv  child.     He  is  a  Democrat,  and  she  a  Metho^list. 

J^red  Zimmenruin,  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.  O.  Perry;  was  born  in  this 
county  Sept.  19,  IS43;  his  parents  were  George  and  Anna  Maria 
(Lutzi  /.,  natives  i»f  Germanv.  He  owt\s  124  acres  of  goi»d  land, 
and  is  a  successtul  farmer,  fn  1806  he  married  Catharine  Pemer, 
and  thev  have  3  boys  and  2  girls.  They  are  lx)th  Methodists,  and 
he  is  a  l)em<.K'rat  and  an  Odd  Fellow. 

George  Zimmerman,  farmer,  sec.  4;  P.  O.  Perry;  was  lx>rn  Oct. 
7,  181U,  in  (ierinany,  and  is  an  early  settler  of  this  county,  having 
corae  to  America  in  1833,  stopping  4  vears  in  New  York,  and  in 
1837  settling  in  Pike  county,  on  the  place  where  he  still  resides. 
In  3836  he  married  Anna  .Maria  Lutz,  and  their  S  children  are  all 
living,  5  of  them  married.  He  and  his  wife  are  both  members  <jf 
the  M.  E.  Church.  He  is  an  independent  Democrat;  has  served  as 
a  School  Director.     He  owns  160  acres  of  land. 


GRIGGSVILLE  TOWNSHIP. 

Araonor  tlie  beautiful,  productive  and  well-improved  lands  in  the 
Military  Tract — and  there  is  no  fairer  section  in  this  great  State — 
Griggsville  township  stands  foremost.  It  possessed  many  of  the 
charms  that  were  likel}'  to  attract  the  attention  and  receive  the 
favor  of  the  pioneer  seeking  a  home  in  a  new  country, — the  fine 
points  of  timber,  high  rolling  land,  running  water,  and  the 
absence  of  all  those  things  which  were  popularly  supposed  to  pro- 
duce prevalent  sickness  in  a  new  settlement.  Accordingly,  early 
in  the  history  of  Pike  county  we  find  the  groves  and  "  points  "  of 
tjiis  township  settled;  as  early  as  1825  came  Henry  Bateman,  who 
located  on  sec.  l-i.  He  doubtless  had  traveled  this  resrion  over, 
and  had  selected  this  spot  because  of  the  particular  charms  it  pos- 
sessed for  him.  He  was  not  molested  by  the  encroachment  of  new 
settlers  for  some  years.  From  1829  to  1831  came  several  pioneers, 
among  whom  were  George  W.  Hinman,  Abel  Shelley,  Uriah  El- 
ledge,  Abraham  Goldman,  Nimrod  Phillips  and  others.  The  first 
birth  in  the  township  was  the  son  of  Mr.  Bateman,  and  the  first 
person  to  die  was  his  wife. 

Ere  many  years  had  rolled  by  all  the  good  points  of  timber  had 
been  taken.  Many  years,  however,  elapsed  before  any  consider- 
able number  of  the  pioneers  pushed  out  upon  the  beautiful  prairie 
land.  It  was  formerly  believed  that  these  wild  prairies  never 
would  be  inhabited.  They  might  do  for  cattle  to  rove  over,  as  they 
do  over  the  vast  pampas  of  South  America.  As  late  as  1850  the 
argument  used  by  Stephen  A.  Douglas  in  securing  the  passage, 
through  Congress,  of  the  act  granting  to  the  State  the  alternate 
sections  of  land  for  six  miles  on  either  side  of  the  railroad  (the  Illi- 
nois Central)  to  be  built,  was  that  in  no  other  way  could  these  vast 
prairies  ever  be  settled.  A  wonderful  revolution  has  been  made  in 
this  respect,  however,  as  in  many  others.  Now  the  timbered  laud 
is  forsaken  fof  the  poorest  of  prairie. 

ELledge  Canon. — This  township  is  not  without  its  natural  fea- 
tures of  interest  as  well  as  the  works  of  nature's  art.  One  is  known 
as  ''The  Canon,"  which  the  writer  has  christened  "'Elledge  Canon." 
This  narrow,  deep  hollow,  is  situated  on  sec.  6,  on  the  south  branch 
of  McGee's  creek,  and  upon  the  land  of  Thomas  P.  Elledge;  hence 
its  name.      As  we  wended    our  way  through    this  narrow  pass, 


r)14  HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY. 

observini,'  witli  ileepest  interest  the  inossy  cliffs  on  either  side,  we 
determined  to  name  it  u  canon.  On  mentionin<j:  onr  intentions, 
h(»wever,  to  Mr.  Elledfje,  we  learned  that  it  had  l>een  known  as 
"The  Canon  "  for  several  ytiirs.  We  therefore  prefi.xed  the  word 
*' Ellcdjre,"  which  we  deem  but  just  and  i)roj)er. 

The  Unfortunate  (\i{f. —  Irj  the  pioneer  davs  of  this  county  there 
occurred  manv  laughable  incidents.  Amoii'f  those  whil'h  were  related 
to  us  as  happenini^  in  this  townshij)  is  the  followin«r,  showiiii:  how 
^rreat  a  trouble  may  arise  from  a  little  matter.  On  a  certain  (tccasion 
.Inhii  Di.x  jMirchased  acalf  and  tied  it  to  his  cart  to  lead  home.  On  the 
way  liome  Ids  oxen  took  iVi'^ht  and  ran  away,  dra^jjfini^  the  ]MX)r 
calf  over  the  rou^h  roads  i»y  the  neck.  We  imiujine  it  an  interest- 
in::  scene  to  observe  Mr.  Di.x  runniny;  at  the  ton  of  his  sj>eed,  and 
ke»'j)in^  barelv  close  enou*rh  to  reach  the  cau<lal  appentlai^e  of  the 
ciilt  as  it  dandled  among  the  brush.  He  tinally  overtt)ok  the  oxen 
and  rescuwi  the  choking  calf  by  lifting  it  up  and  thr«)win^  it  into 
the  cart.  A  neiijhlxir's  doi;  subsr<juently  bit  the  calf,  from  the  ct'- 
fects  of  which  it  died.  Had  this  U-en  the  last  of  the  calf  it  would 
have  been  better  for  all  the  parties  concerned,  but  it  still  lives  in 
the  memories  of  many.  Had  it  l>een  forgotten,  a  vast  amount  of 
time,  worrv  and  expense  wouM  have  Im-cij  <aved.  Not  being  able 
to  settle  the  case  among  themselves,  Mr.  Dix  su«xi  his  neighbor. 
From  the  Justice's  Court  it  was  ap]>ealcil  to  the  ('ircuit  Court, 
which  then  sat  at  Atlas.  After  a  *Mtmewhat  extende<l  trial  for  so 
small  a  case,  it  was  tinally  settle«l.  ;i*  it  was  thought;  btit  one  tlay  an 
ollicer  ot  the  Court  came  t«>  Mr.  Dix  with  a  demand  f<»r  the«M)st8  of 
the  case,  which  surj>rised  him  not  a  little.  The  demand  however 
was  u|>gn  Levi  Dix,  another  individual.  .Mr.  Dix  refuse<i  to  j)av  it, 
and  another  lawsuit  occurred,  which  was  tinally  settled  by  Mr.  l)ix 
j)roving  that  Ixivi  Dix  never  owneil  a  calf. 

KDUCATIOXAI.. 


? 


The  settlers  of  (triggsville  township,  like  all  the  sellers  of  50 
years  ago,  had  many  (litticulties  to  overcome  l)e fore  any  perceptible 

progress  could  be   made  in  establishing  educational   institutions. 

riie  tirst  efforts  at  instruction  of  any  kind  were  very  simple  lessons 
in  rudinu-ntary  knowle«lge,  givetj  at  the  residences  of  the  early  set- 
tlers. The  first  school  was  taught  by  John  Cavender  in  a  small 
log  ciibin  on  the  Judge  Harrinu'ton  farm,  where  now  resides  George 
Harrington.  The  first  school-house  was  built  l>cfore  there  were  any 
regular  schools.  It  was  erecte<i  on  sec.  14  in  I'^SS.  Since,  the 
schools  have  multiplied,  and  at  present  they  stand  second  to  none 
in  the  county,  great  Ciire  being  taken  in  the  selection  of  teachers 
and  the  use  of  proper  text-books.  This  locality  has  a  system  of 
schools  that  the  jtatrons  may  well  be  proud  of.  There  are  now 
seven  school-houses  in  the  township,  besides  the  city  schools  of 
Griggsville. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  515 


ORGANIZATION. 


The  township  of  Griggsville  was  organized  under  the  township 
organization  law  in  1850.  The  first  election  was  held  in  April  of 
that  year.  At  that  election  Amos  Hill  was  chosen  Supervisor, 
James  A.  Kenney,  Town  Clerk;  Porter  Cotton,  Assessor;  Samuel 
Reynolds,  Collector;  Samuel  Hill,  Wm.  Hinman  and  James  Shinn, 
Commissioners  of«  lligliways;  John  Crow  and  B.  F.  Coffey,  Jus- 
tices of  the  Peace;  S.  JB.  Elledge  and  Frank  Hatch,  Constables. 


GRIGG8VILLE. 


This  city  is  pleasantly  located  upon  the  "Wabash  Railway,  about 
four  miles  from  the  Illinois  river.  It  is  situated  upon  a  beautiful 
eminence.  In  its  immediate  vicinity  the  land  is  sufficiently  roll- 
ing, requiring  no  drainage,  and  makes  what  is  apparently  a  healthy 
location.  It  was  laid  out  in  1833,  by  Joshua  Stanford,  Nathan  W, 
Jones  and  Richard  Griggs,  and  was  named  Griggsville  by  Mr. 
Jones  in  honor  of  Richard  Griggs.  It  consisted  of  eight  blocks  on 
the  north  side  and  eight  upon  the  south  side  of  Quincy  Avenue. 
Each  block  contained  eight  lots  of  one-quarter  of  an  acre  each.  The 
original  plat  made  provisions  for  a  public  square,  containing  two 
acres.  It  was  subsequently  re-platted,  however,  and  instead  of  a 
public  square  two  lots  in  block  3,  two  lots  in  block  14,  two  lots  in 
block  2  and  two  lots  in  block  15,  were  given  for  Church  and  school 
purposes.  There  has  since  been  added  to  the  original  ])]at  John- 
son's, Jones  &  Purkitt's,  McConnell  &  Clark's,  Parsons',  Simmons' 
and  Hatch's  additions.  The  place  was  incorporated  by  a  vote  under 
an  act  of  the  General  Assembly  approved  Sept.  10,  1849,  on  the 
16th  of  November,  1852;  and  on  the  23d  of  the  same  month,  Reu- 
ben Hatch,  Porter  Cotton,  Jesse  G.  Crawford,  Charles  Kenney  and 
Marshal  Ayers  were  elected  Trustees.     On  the  26th  of  November, 

1878,  it  was  voted  to  organize  as  a  city  under  an  act  of  the  General 
Assembly  approved  Sept.  10,  1872.     At  an  election  held  April  15, 

1879,  the  following  officers  were  elected  :  Mayor,  Daniel  Dean; 
Aldermen — James  B.  Morrison,  H.  L.  Hurt,  Wm.  A.  Wise,  James 
Oliver,  David  Borrowman,  John  W.  Stead;  Clerk,  E.  A.  F.  Allen; 
Attorney,  Edward  Doocy;  Treasurer,  James  A.  Farrand. 

An  Abolition  Melee. — In  the  year  1838  there  occurred  an  inci- 
dent in  Griggsville  which,  although  not  commendable  in  itself, 
would  be  well  to  record  in  the  annals  of  Griggsville's  history.  In 
those  early  days,  as  in  more  modern  times,  there  w-ere  the  pro- 
slavery  and  the  anti-slavery  parties.  At  the  annual  election  that 
autumn  each  party  brought  forth  a  strong  man  for  Constable. 
Marshall  Key  was  theDemocratic  candidate,  and  B.  F.  Coffey  the 
Whig  candidate,  A  very  hot  contest  ensued,  which  resulted  in  the 
election  of  Coffey.  Some  of  the  opposition  seemed  to  take  offense 
at  the  proceedings.  Whether  Coffey  was  fairly  elected  or  not  we 
are  not  prepared  to  say.  Be  that  as  it  may,  however,  a  Key  man 
assaulted  a  Coffey  man  immediately  after  the  election,  striking  him 


5in  HI8T0RT    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

in  tlie  back.     A  general  tnelee  then  followed,  but  no  one  was  se- 
rioiirtly  hurt. 

In  a  fi'w  weeks  after  the  above  occurrence  a  gentleman  visited 
Griggsville,  holding  anti-slavery  meetings  and  circulating  a  j)eti- 
tion  to  C(»ngress  asking  that  lu»nt»rable  body  to 'abolish  slavery  in 
the  District  «»f  Colunibia,  ami  the  non-admission  of  Texas  as  a  SUite. 
The  petition  was  Hrst  jtn-sented  for  signers  at  a  religious  meeting 
at  the  Methodist  Church.  Previous  to  the  close  of  the  service  the 
minister  gave  notice  that  the  above  petition  was  in  the  hands  of  a 
gentleman  present,  aiid  that  he  would  Ite  pleased  to  have  any  <me 
present  who  felt  so  disposed,  sign  it.  Quite  a  number  walked 
forward  and  sigtied  their  names.  A  few  parties  in  tlie  audience 
signified  their  disapproval  of  such  procee<lings,  excitement  running 
high  among  the  more  ignorant  class.  They  met  in  a  saloon,  known 
then  as  a  "grocery,"  where  licpior  was  sold,  and  passed  resolutions 
that  the  parties  who  had  signet!  that  t»bm)xious  petition  should  bo 
conijHdled  to  erase  their  signatures  from  it.  To  carry  out  this 
design,  on  the  morning  followiiii;  the  last  anti-slavery  njeeting, 
they  pursued  the  gentleman  who  held  the  j»«'titi«>n,  overtaking  him 
on  the  farm  of  J.  K.  Mtmre,  and  e«tinp«'lled  him  to  produce  the 
document.  They  then  returtied  and  waited  u|)on  those  parties 
whose  names  a|)peared  upon  the  pa|)er,  and  demanded  of  them  that 
they  should  imnuMliately  erase  them,  under  the  penalty  of  violence 
if  they  sliould  refuse.  Some  complitnl  with  this  uemand,  but  others 
did  nut.  These  disturljers  of  the  peace  then  notified  the  obstinate 
ones  tliat  they  must  erase  their  names,  and  accordingly  a|)pointed 
an  evening  to  "finish  uit  the  business.''  They  again  met  in  the 
game  grocery  to  more  fully  complete  their  organization,  and  '*  fire 
up.''  The  gmxl  people  of  the  country  being  afrai<lof  their  man  <uu- 
vers,  came  pouring  into  town  al>out  twilight,  well  armed  and  equip- 
ped, to  acton  the  d-  '  e.  They  met  with  the  peaceable  peoj)Io 
of  (iriggsville  in  tin.  ..  .  and  organizeil,  app<»inting  Mr.  Blood  jis 
their  Cajitjiin.  A  committ«'0  wiis  also  appointc<l  to  confer  with  a 
committee  of  the  other  party,  in  which  conference  the  committee 
from  the  citizens  informed  the  disturl>ers  that  they  must  imme- 
diately disband,  or  else  ihey  would  be  dealt  with  harshly,  and  that 
the  first  man  who  dared  to  intimidate  another  petitioner  would 
receive  a  "fresh  supply  of  ammunition." 

The  disturl>ers  then  seeing  the  turn  of  affairs,  decided  to  abide 
the  decision  of  the  citizens  and  immediately  disbanded.  Thus 
ended  wimt  might  have  Jissumcd  the  form  of  a  riot,  had  it  not  been 
for  the  timely  aid  and  energy  of  the  peaceful  citizens  of  the  neigh- 
borhood. 

W'lr  Record. — It  is  no  wonder  that  this  townshij),  whose  politi- 
cal education  has  consisted  larifelv  in  means  ufbrinffin;; discomfort 
to  the  slaveholders  and  their  hired  slave-catchers,  should  take  a 
deep  interest  in  a  war  which,  though  not  primarily  waged  in  the 
interest  of  the  colored  race,  must  nevertheless  result  in  their  lib- 
eration.    To  that  end  Griggsville  made  a  large  and  precious  sacri- 


cT^ccJ^e^T^^yL^ 


GRI6GSVJLLE 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  519 

fice.  The  alarm  of  war  had  scarcely  sounded  before  the  al)le-bodied 
citizens  of  the  townshi]>  were  seen  marching  toward  the  nearest 
recruitinoj  stations  in  squads,  as  it  were.  It  is  ditKcult  to  <rive  the 
number  that  went  from  the  township,  but  suffice  it  to  say  that 
more  enlistments  are  recorded  from  Grit^gsville  than  from  any  other 
point  in  the  county. 

Quite  a  number  of  those  who  went  to  defend  their  country  from 
Griggsville  were  killed  in  actual  conflict.  Some  died  in  rebel 
prisons  from  starvation,  and  otiiers  of  wounds  or  disease  contracted 
in  the  army.  Their  bones  lie  mingled  with  the  soil  of  tlie  country 
which  they  went  out  to  rescue  from  the  hands  of  those  who  sought 
to  destroy  it.  The  sacrifice  was  a  costly  one,  but  their  country 
demanded  it,  and   they  gave  it  willingl}'. 

RELIGIOUS. 

The  old  pioneers,  though  they  would  not  have  hesitated  much 
to  engage  in  a  rough-and-tumble  fight,  and  did  not  hesitate  to  take 
a  dram  once  in  a  while  (though  they  say  the  whisky  did  not  con- 
tain as  much  infernal  fire  as  it  does  now),  were  yet  almost  uni- 
versally pious  people,  and  enjoyed  themselves  religiously  quite  as 
well  as  the  more  fastidious  church-goers  of  to-day.  The  religious 
services  were  simple,  the  church  buildings  were  simple,  the  meth- 
ods of  conveyance  to  and  from  the  church  were  simple,  and  the 
manners,  dress  and  intercourse  of  the  people  who  attended  church 
were  primitive  in  the  extreme.  But  some  of  the  old  pioneers 
assert  that  the  natural  organs  of  voice  with  which  they  praised 
God  were  to  be  preferred  to  the  organ  now  pumped  by  a  boy,  and 
skillfully  manipulated  by  a  popular  but  not  piousyoung  ladv  or 
gentleman,  dressed  in  silk  or  broad-cloth  instead  of  the  ancient 
linsey-woolsey  or  jeans.  In  a  religious  point  of  view,  from  the  very 
earliest  days  this  township  has  always  taken  a  great  interest  in  the 
establishment  of  Churches  and  missions. 

Baptist  Church. — The  first  regular  Baptist  church  at  Griggs- 
ville was  organized  Aug.  4,  1834,  by  Kev.  Alvin  Bailey,  with  seven 
members.  Henr}'  Carmer  was  chosen  Deacon  and  Clerk,  which 
position  he  held  until  1861,  when  he  removed  from  the  place.  The 
first  members  were  Amos  Blood,  two  ladies  by  the  name  of  Susan 
Blood,  Joseph  B.  Coo])er,  Sarah  Bradstreet,  Henry  Carmer  and 
Mary  B.  Carmer.  This  church  struggled  hard  in  its  infancy,  but 
by  the  earnest  labors  of  its  faithful  members  has  grown  to  a  large 
and  prosperous  organization.  For  some  time  the  church  held  reg- 
ular services  in  a  house  owned  by  Mr.  Blood,  and  they  had  no  pas- 
tor until  in  1835,  when  Rev.  Calvin  Greeideaf  took  charge  and 
held  the  position  until  1838;  then  Thomas  H.  Ford  to  1840; 
Chandler  Curtis  from  1840  to  1841;  Ambler  Edson  from  1843  to 
1844;  B.  B.  Carpenter  from  1845  to  1870.  Since  that  time  the 
following-named  pastors  have  served:  L.  C.  Carr,  11.  L.  Stetson, 
R.  F.  Gray,  B.  W.  Morgan,  and  C.  R,  Lathrop,  the  present  Pastor. 

In  the  year  1830  the  congregation  began  the  erection  of  a  frame 

«5  J. 


520  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

biiiUling,  40  !)>•  54  leet  in  size,  which  was  finished  in  1840.  About 
the  vear  185;?  thev  built  an  addition  to  this  structure.  In  1873 
the  old  buildiii"^  was  torn  down  and  a  new  brick  edifice  v^as 
erected,  at  a  cost  of  about  $20,000.  Services  are  held  each  Sunday 
inornint^  and  eveninf:r  by  Ilev.  C.  R.  Latlirt»p,  Pasl(»r,  and  Sunday- 
school  at  12  o'clock.  The  ]>resont  nuiii^'oroi' communicants  is  213. 
When  Mr.  Carmer  rcmovfil  in  isr. |,  Mr.  John  Pi'trie  was  elected 
his  successor  as  Deacon,  and  Henry  Lynde  as  Clerk,  whicli 
positions  they  both  hold  at  present.  This  Oliurch  luis  enjoyed 
various  revival  seasons,  and  over  650  difterent  ])ersuns  have  at  vari- 
ous times  been  members  of  the  (.'hurch. 

GrigtjhiuUe  M.  E.  Church. — This  Church  was  orpmized  in  lS35 
by  Kev.  William  Hunter,  with  the  following  charter  meml>ers: 
])r.  .lames  M.  llii,'i;ins.  Nfrs.  Marj^aret  Hi^i^ins,  Jesse  G.  Craw 
ford,  I'ele^  (iartlner,  Mrs.  Caroline  (iardner,  James  Hutchinson, 
er.,  and  James  Hutchinson,  jr.,  and  Samuel,  Mary,  Kliza  and 
Sarah  Hutchinson.  Dr.  lii-^j^ins  was  the  first  Class-leader. 
Amon^  the  early  pastors  was  the  Rev.  Wilson  Pitner,  a  very  earn- 
est Worker,  and  a  preacher  well  fitted  for  conductin<;  revivals  and 
camj>-meetin^s.  On  one  occasion  durinpj  a  camp-meetini;  here, 
wliile  discoursin<j  upon  the  day  of  juili^ment  and  upon  the  appear- 
ance of  (iabriel  with  his  trumpet  on  that  ^reat  ana  awful  day,  the 
appearance  (»f  the  saints  robetl  in  white,  etc.,  the  women  Ix'camo 
very  happy  ami  set  u[i  a  shout  \vhi«ili  completely  drowned  the  sten- 
torian voice  of  tlie  enthusiastic  minister.  In  order  to  quiet  them 
he  reached  back  and  to«)k  the  horn,  which  was  used  for  calling;  the 
audience  to<.:ether,  and  be^an  l)lowinij  it.  This  only  intensified  tlio 
excitement  of  the  alm««st  tanalical  persons  wi«o  were  en;;a;^ed  in 
shouting.  The}*  thought,  without  looking  to  see  from  whence  the 
noise  came,  that  Gabriel  had  in«lee<i  come,  and  wju»  now  in  their 
very  midst,  blowing  Ins  trumpet.  It  was  some  time  l>efore  the 
people  Could  become  iiuitted. 

There  was  a  "  class  organized  in  the  c<iunty  about  two  miles 
east  of  Griggsville,  previous  to  1831,  but  the  members  of  this  soci- 
ety unitv<l  with  the  Griggsville  Church  immediately  after  the  erec- 
tion of  a  chureh  edifice,  which  was  in  1.S30  or  1837.  In  ls4G  the 
society  erected  another  building,  and  so  rapid  was  the  growth  of 
the  congregation  that  they  soon  found  it  necessary  to  erect  another 
structure,  which  was  accom|)lisl»ed  in  1852.  Tiiis  society  now  has 
a  membershij)  of  about  250.  Services  are  held  each  Sunday  morn- 
ing an*l  evening  by  Rev.  H.  Siiaw,  the  Pastor.  Sunday-school  at 
2:30  I'.  M. 

Congreijatlonal  Church. — On  P\'b.  1,  1837,  11  persons,  residents 
of  Griggsville,  but  members  of  different  Congreg:itional  and  Pres- 
byterian Churches  elsewhere,  met  for  the  j)urpose  of  consulting 
res{>ecting  the  organization  of  a  Church.  Resolutions  were  passed 
declaring  that  it  was  expedient  to  organize  a  Church,  and  the  day 
previous  to  the  organization  was  to  be  set  apart  as  one  of  fasting 
and   prayer.      In  accordance  with   the  resolutions    tlie  16th  day  of 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  r»21 

February,  1S37,  was  observed  as  a  day  of  fastinij;  and  prayer  ;  on 
the  follo\vin<i^  day  tlie  Church  was  duly  organized,  with  Rev.  A.  G. 
Norton  as  Pastor.  Geo.  T.  Purkett  was  regularly  appointed  Dea- 
con Jan.  4,  1838.  The  Sunday  school  was  organized  May  12,  1837. 
Rev.  A.  (r.  Norton  closed  his  labors  with  the  Church  in  February, 
183S,  and  has  been  succeeded  by  the  following  Pastors,  given  in 
their  order  :  Revs.  Win.  Whittlesey,  A.  L.  Pennoyer,  J.  Ballard,  J. 
T.  Holmes,  G.  B.  Hubbard,  W.  Il.'Starr,  T.  Lvman,  Rollin  Hears, 
W.  Ilerrott,  N.  P.  Coltrin,  AV.  W.  Whipple,  G.  II.  McArthur,  E. 
C.  Barnard,  G.  II.  Bailey  and  S.  M.  Wilcu.x,  the  present  Pastor. 
The  whole  number  of  members,  from  the  organization  to  the  pres- 
ent time,  has  been  563  ;  the  present  membership  is  169. 

Hinman  Chapel  M.  E.  Church. — The  church  edilice  of  this 
society  is  on  sec.  6,  this  township.  The  class  worshiped  in  pri- 
vate and  schoolhouses  for  several  years.  About  the  year  1844 
"they  erected  a  house  of  worship.  Services  are  held  each  alternate 
Sabbath  by  Rev.  A.  P.  Stover,  Pastor.  Sunday-school  each  Sun- 
day. 

Maysville  United  Brethren  Church  was  organized  in  1842,  in 
the  house  of  Lewis  Dunham.  Caleb  Boyer,  how  of  Fulton  county, 
was  among  the  first  ministers.  This  society  erected  a  small  house 
of  worship  about  the  year  1857,  and  in  the  year  1870  they  erectee 
a  new  edifice,  at  a  cost  of  $1,000  besides  the  labor.  Services  ard 
held  each  Sunday,  and  preaching  each  alternate  Sunday  by  the  Pas- 
tor, Rev.  Wm.  Pease.  The  number  of  communicants  at  present 
is  65. 

Ch'iggsville  Church  of  Christ  was  organized  July  26,  1874,  with 
the  following  12  members  :  J.  E.  Alcorn,  j\[.  E.  Alcorn,  Jesse 
Fielding,  Atlanta  Fielding,  Theodore  Ball,  Anna  Crawford,  Adelia 
Elledge,  Pha?be  Rickart,  Rachel  Mason,  Eadie  Jenkins,  Amos  Wil- 
liams and  Ellen  Williams.  This  was  at  the  beginning  of,  or  soon 
before,  a  protracted  effort  which  closed  Aug.  25, 1874,  with  a  mem- 
bership of  141.  The  Trustees  elected  were  J.  E.  Alcorn,  I.  L:  Lewis 
and  Peter  Harshman.  The  congregation  completed  the  erection  of 
a  house  of  worship  in  1877,  at  a  cost  of  $1,800.  The  present  mem- 
bership numbers  72. 

MILLING. 

Mill  interests  in  the  early  history  of  the  county  were  considered 
of  much  greater  im])ortance  than  at  present.  The  easy  communi- 
cation between  neighborhoods,  towns  and  cities  by  means  of  the 
railroad  has  revolutionized  almost  everything,  but  nothing  more 
than  that  of  transforming  the  grain  into  flour  or  meal.  "To  the 
early  settler  one  of  the  most  important  items  in  his  calculations 
was  the  grinding  of  his  grain.  There  were  no  steam  mills  then, 
and  a  site  for  a  water  mill  was  an  important  thing.  The  pioneers 
were  all  poor,  and  though  mill  sites  might  have  been  plenty,  they 
could  not  improve  them.    Therefore  numerous  devices  were  invented 


522  HI8TOKY    »»F    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

to  convert  wheut  iiid  corn  into  breiul.  A  few  were  possessed  of 
luin»l-niills,  not  greatly  unlike  tliuse  in  use  some  2,00(>  years  ii<;o, 
ant!  to  which  allusion  is  made  in  the  Bihle,  Matthew  xxiv,  41: 
"Two  Women  shall  he  ^rindini;  at  the  mill."  etc.  By  and  by  some 
of  the  more  forehamled  farmers  hroii<^ht  in  a  kind  of  horse-mill, 
which,  thoii<;h  a  very  primitive  atiair,  was  ci»nsidered  a  valuable 
siccession  to  the  industries  of  the  neighborhood,  an<l  u  wonderful 
convenience.  Tliese  mills  were  mostly  used  for  simply  crackin<^ 
Corn,  upon  which  the  old  pioneers  lived.  Corn  was  the  sta})le  feed 
for  man  and  beast,  and  upon  it  they  all  thrived  and  «;rew  healthy 
aiul  strong. 

The  "  Pika  MilW  were  erected  in  IbTT.  by  the  firm  of  McMa- 
han  it  Co.,  composed  of  L.  W.  AIc.Mahan,  I).  1*.  Haldwin  and  G.  P. 
Baldwin.  Tlie  latter  has  sold  out  his  interest.  The  machinery  is 
all  of  the  latest  improved  style,  adapted  to  the  new-process  system,  . 
and  this  was  the  tirst  mill  of  the  kind  in  this  section  cd"  the  State. 
It  has  ])rt>ven  a  success  to  the  owners,  giving  a  larger  yield  and 
better  (luality  of  flour  than  the  old  systen).  The  building  is  four 
stories  liigh,  with  four.rnn  of  burrs  an<l  a  eajiacity  of  200  barrels  in 
24  hours.  They  have  a  large  patronage  in  the  New  England 
States  and  in  Chicago  tor  their  flour. 

L.  \V.  McMahan  has  l>eeii  a  resident  of  the  county  for  24  years. 
For  a  nutnber  of  years  j)revious  to  going  into  the  present  business 
he  was  in  the  grain  trade.  His  ac<^uaintance  with  the  valuable 
milling  ijualities  of  the  wheat  raised  in  tijis  section  iiuluced  him  to 
invest  in  this  enterprise. 

Fryes  Flourimj  Mill. — Tliis  mill  was  erected  alxjut  the  year 
185.'),  by  Mr.  C.  Simmons.  After  passing  thrtmgh  diflerent  hands, 
Mr.  Frye.  in  1S77,  purchase*!  it,  and  in  1S7<*S  Ije  sold  a  }ialf  interest 
to  .Mr.  Mc Williams,  of  Griggsville.  The  mill  has  been  re-modeled 
by  Mr.  Frve,  and  is  one  of  tne  best  mills  in  the  county.  Its  capac- 
ity is  80)  barrels  in  24  hours,  and  the  flour  is  of  excellent  quality. 

BKHJRArUKWI.    DKI'.MJT.MKNT. 

In  justice  to  the  pioneers  and  ])rominent  citizens  of  the  city 
and  township  of  (Tfiggsville — tho.se  who  luive  made  and  are  now 
m:jking  the  history  of  this  section — we  wish  to  speak  personally, 
an<l  short  biographiciil  sketches  of  them  liere  follow: 

Edipard  A.  F.  Allen  was  born  in  Beverly,  Essex  Co.,  Mass.,  July, 
13,  1S23;  he  cjime  to  Quincy,  III.,  in  1838,  and  to  Griggsville  in 
1841.  He  served  three  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  I.,  33d  111.  Inf., 
and  one  year  of  this  time  was  2d  Lieutenant.  lie  was  subsequently 
in  the  Quartermaster's  department  for  three  years.  lie  was 
married  July  13.  1844,  to  Sarah  A.  Lyon.  They  had  9  children,  of 
whom  6  are  living:  Henrietta,  now  Mrs.  Gilbert  Brooks,  of  Clinton, 
111.;  John  J.,  M.  E.   preacher,  of  Monroe  City,  Mo.;  Martha  E. 


HI8TORT    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  523 

noM-  Mrs.  Jiimes  Vaiinatta,  of  "West  ('hicai^o;  David  E.,  Ilattie  M. 
and  Kutli.     David  E.  is  a  painter  by  pndession. 

Rohirt  Allen,  sr.,  was  born  in  Cumberland  Co.,  Ky.,  May  31, 
1803.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Amanda  Turk  in  1824,  and  removed 
to  Henry  Co.,  Tenn.,  thence  to  Naples,  111..  1834.  where  for  three 
years  he  was  extensively  en^rat^ed  in  buildinc:  Hat-boats,  trading;  in 
live  stuck,  and  freightin*^^  to  Kew  Orleans  and  other  Southern  points. 
He  left  Naples  in  1837,  and  took  up  his  residence  in  Griggsville, 
dealing  in  live  stock  and  butchering.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Allen  were  the 
parents  of  7  children,  of  whom  3  art'  living  :  A.  S.  and  R.  P., 
prominent  citizens  of  Griggsville,  and  Mrs.  \Vm.  Jones,  now  of 
Chillicothe,  Mo.  Mrs.  Allen  died  Jan.  16,  1841.  In  1842  Mr. 
Allen  again  was  married,  this  time  to  Sarah  Stanford,  who  now 
survives  him.  ^Ir.  Allen  gave  liberally  to  the  suj)port  of  Churches 
and  missions,  and  held  positions  of  honor  and  trust;  one  being  that 
of  Postmaster  during  President  Buchanan's  administration.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  died  Jan.  1,  1880,  from  a 
stroke  of  paralysis  received  some  years  before.  In  the  death  of  Mr. 
Allen  his  wife  lost  a  loving  husband,  his  children  a  kind  father, 
and  the  community  an  honest  and  influential  man. 

Wni.  F.  Amhrso/i,  deceased,  was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in 
1801.  He  was  tlie  oldest  of  4  brothers,  whose  father,  Capt.  Wm, 
Andersf)n,  was  lost  at  sea,  in  the  year  1813.  Mr.  Anderson  was 
one  of  the  firm  of  Beecher  &  Anderson,  of  New  York,  for  about  5 
years.  He  came  West  •during  the  financial  crisis  of  1836,  and 
traveled  in  different  parts  of  the  country  until  1841,  when  he  mar- 
ried Laura  E.  (iilpin.  They  settled  in  Springfield,  111.,  where  he 
engaged  in  farming  for  2  years.  In  1849  he  engaged  in  business 
in  St.  Louis.  In  1851  he  came  to  Griggsville  and  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  with  J.  D.  Philbrick  for  a  short  time,  when  the 
latter  retired  and  Mr.  AndeiVon  carried  on  the  business  alone  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  May  21,  1857.  ^Ir.  and  Mrs.  Anderson 
had  7  children,  whose  names  are  Eloise  L.  (now  widow  of  Henry 
Cotton),  Wm.  F.,  M.  Louise,  deceased,  A.  G.,  Alexander  C,  Charles 
H.  and  Geo.  S. 

Isaac  Bailey  was  born  in  (Cumberland  Co.,  Me.,  in  1829;  son  of 
Josiah  Bailey.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  at  his  majority  began 
working  on  the  railroad  as  a  section  hand,  then  as  section  boss; 
in  1854  he  came  to  Illinois  and  was  Roadmaster  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q. 
for  some  time;  then  section  boss  again  for  3  years,  then  Roadmaster 
again  on  the  II.  &  St.  Joe  R.  R.  7  months;  2  years  on  the  ^lissis- 
sippi  Central,  and  is  at  present  Roadmasteron  the  Hannibal  branch 
of  the  Wabash  R.  R.  Oct.  9,  1S61,  he  married  ^liss  Lizzie  E. 
Pitney,  and  they  have  had  5  children,  of  whom  Goo.  W..  Minnie 
and    Fraidc  are  living. 

David  Baldwirl,  deceased,  was  bcn-n  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  in  1793. 
He  was  a  large  contractor  in  New  York  citv  for  25  or  30  years. 
He  came    to  Pike  county   in  1835,  located  in  Perry  and   ])nrchascd 


624  HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COL'MY. 

luri^e  tracts  of  land;  also  eiipi^^ed  in  farmiiii;.  In  1849  he  erected 
tlic  I*tTry  FlouriniT  Mill;  was  the  father  of  5  ohildre?),  of  whoin  3 
are  living:  Alex..  David  JV  uiul  (Jco.  \V.  Mr.  iJaldwin  died  in 
1854. 

T.  K.  B'lll,  son  of  G.  O.  and  Delia  (Kello<^«;)  Ball,  the  father 
formerly  of  New  York,  was  horn  in  this  county  in  1S4S;  was  edu- 
cated in  the  conmion  schuuls;  hati  followed  farming'  until  the  last 
three  vears.  In  l!SG7  lie  married  Anna  Cadwell,  ami  tludr  6 
children  are  all  livin;^.  He  helon^s  to  the  ('iirihtian  Church,  and 
in  polities  is  a  Denjocrat. 

Levi  JiartUtt  isa  native  c»f  New  IIam|)shire  and  c.ime  to  Illinois 
about  the  year  IS«]7;  isengaged  inall  kindhof  mrchaniail  juhhing  in 
li<;ht  machinery,  making  sewin<; -machines  a  speciality:  he  also  re- 
platt's  spooim,  etc.  lie  way  married  in  1S61  to  Harriet  G.  (Vane, 
and  thcv   have  '2  children,  AlU-rt  J.  and  (iracie  (t. 

/:'.  ir.  JitixUr  is  a  native  ot  llilUhoro,  N.  II.,  and  was  horn 
July  19,  1S37;  lie  is  tlie  son  of  M.  E.  IJaxter,  of  Griggsville.  Mr. 
IJa.xter  came  in  SeptemU'r,  1857,  to  Grigjfsville,  where  he  engaged 
in  the  meat  husiness  for  15  years,  holding  an  interest  in  the 
same  for  four  years  afterward.  In  Jan.,  lS7:i,  he  aAbociate«l  him- 
self with  Allen  &  liryant,  grain  and  live-stock  dealers.  This  firm 
dissolved  in  Sept,  1873,  Nlessrs.  Baxter  and  Bryant  continuing 
in  the  husin«'ss  for  i)  years,  for  the  m<»-t  part  in  c(tnneeti(»n  with 
merchandising.  In  ls77  .Mr.  Baxter  purchased  the  entire  interest 
in  the  mercantile  business,  and  is  now  conducting  the  same.  He 
also  has  a  stock  of  gn»ceries,  jjueensware,  and  is  doing  a  large 
business.  He  was  married  in  April,  lsr)7,  to  Helen  M.  Harvey, 
sister  (»f  I)r.  Ilarvty.  i.f  this  j)laee.  TImv  have  0  children:  Mary 
E.,     Helen  M.,  Emma  E.,  Harvey  E..  (Je«i.  E.  and  Arthur. 

John  liiokenlika  was  lM»rn  in  Yorkshire,  England,  Aug.  IS, 
1835,  and  is  a  son  «»f  Jolm  Biekeniike,  deceased,  wh«»  came  to  this 
county  in  ls42.  He  '•(!  a  location  for  his  future  home  and 
returned  t«t  England,  hi  _  ^  his  family  hen?  the  following  year. 
lie  was  tlje  father  of  9  children,  of  whom  our  subject  is  the  5th. 
Mr.  B.  was  reared  »»n  alarm  and  educated  in  the  connnon  schools 
of  Pike  county.  His  brother.  (Jeorge,  was  killed  during  the  late  war. 
]^Ir.  Bickerdike  has  been  marrie*!  twice,  and  is  the  father  of  7 
children,  of  whom  tive  are  living :  Wm,  A.,  George  F..  ('harles  E., 
i^fary  li.  and  Nancy  E.  His  first  wife  was  Rel>ecca  J.  iVarcy,  and 
the  .<ccoiul  was  ElizaU'th  Perry.  Ho  resides  on  sec.  3«».  Griggs- 
ville  tp.,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  I*.  O. 
Grijfirsville. 

Ephraim  Biggs.  The  sulnect  of  this  sketch  was  lx>rn  in  Preble 
County,  ()..  June  30.  1822.  He  was  raise«l  on  a  farm,  came  to  Defi- 
ance county,  O.,  about  the  year  1854,  where  he  remainfd  until  1867, 
when  he  removed  to  Pike  county.  III.,  where  he  still  resides,  and  is 
engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  He  was  married  to  Marj 
A.  Mendenhall,  by  wIkmu  he  had  8  children,  of  whom  4  are  living, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  525 

namely,  Sarah  M.,  Martha  E.,  Kachel  A.  and  Melissa.  Mrs.  Bio^ars 
died  111^1848.  Mr.  Bitjgs  was  again  married  in  1860,  this  time  to  Mrs. 
Phoebe  Grimes.  They  had  one  child,  Wm.,  deceased.  This  second 
wife  died  in  1862,  and  in  1864:  Mr.  Biggs  married  Mrs.  Nancy 
Fribley.  They  had  2  children,  Geo.  W.  and  Fannie.  The  third 
Mrs.  Biggs  died  in  1866,  and  in  the  year  1870  he  married  Mrs. 
Rosanna  Moore.  They  had  one  child.  Mr.  Biggs'  father  served  in 
the  war  of  1812. 

M.  Blake  &  Sons.  These  enterprising  farmers  reside  on  sec.  8, 
Griggsville  tp.  Mr.  Blake  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  O.,  Oct. 
22,  1822.  He  was  married  in  1849  to  Melinda  Thompson.  They 
had  7  children,  6  of  whom  are  living;  John,  Nicholas,  and  Henry, 
who  are  engaged  in  bnsiness  with  their  father;  llobert,  Rebecca  J. 
and  Melinda  A.  Mr.  Blake  came  West  in  1851,  and  settled  in  Mis- 
souri, residing  in  Macon,  Shelby  and  Marion  counties,  but  in  1865  he 
removed  with  his  family  to  Pike  Co.,  111.,  where  they  still  reside.  He 
was  a  soldier  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  G,  30th  Regiment,  Mo.  Vol.  Inf. 
For  some  time  he  was  disabled  by  sickness,  yet  he  served  his  time 
out,  and  was  honorably  discharged  in  1865. 

John  Blake  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  O,,  June  26, 1850;  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Church  in  Perry.  He  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and  his  vocation  is  farming  and  stock-raising. 

Nicholas  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at  Ilinman  Chapel, 
Griggsville  tp.;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Ohio,  and 
is  also  a  farmer.  He  is  a  native  of  Missouri,  and  was  born  May  2, 
1852. 

Henry  was  born  in  Missouri, 'and  is  also  a  farmer. 

tZ.  M.  Bodine  is  chief  miller  in  Pike  Mills,  Griggsville. 

David  Borrowman  was  born  in  Lanarkbhire,  Scotland,  in  1825. 
He  came  to  St.  Louis  with  his  parents  in  1838;  is  a  marble  and 
stone-cutter,  and  has  carried  on  this  business  in  Griggsville  for  15 
years.  He  uses  the  celebrated  Kinderliook  limestone,  which  is  a 
superior  quality  of  stone.  Mr.  B.  was  married  in  1854  to  Jane 
Barker,  of  Nashville,  Tenn.  They  had  5  children,  of  whom  but 
two  are  living.  Mr.  B's  father,  John  Borrowman,  located  in  Cal- 
houn Co.,  111.,  in  1841,  where  he  engaged  in  tanning  and  stock-rais- 
ing until  his  death  from  cholera,  which  occurred  in  1849,  during  the 
prevalence  of  that  fearful  scourge  in  this  country. 

Ellen  Brakefield,  a  native  of  this  county,  was  born  Jan.  19, 1835, 
and  is  the  daughter  of  Abraham  Goldman,  so  well  known  in  the 
early  settlement  of  Pike  county.  Mr.  Goldman  helped  to  erect  the 
first  log  house  in  Griggsville.  Mrs.  J3rakefield  was  married  June  28, 
1849,  to  Samuel  Brakefield;  they  had  4  children;  two  only  are  liv- 
ing,— Olive  and  Llewella.  Mr.  B.  was  born  Nov.  27,  1824,  in 
Pennsylvania,  was  taken  to  New  York  by  his  parents  when  very 
small.  He  came  to  Pike  county  about  the  year  1848,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  farming  and  stock-raising.  He  had  ])reviously  been 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  brooms.  On  the  morningof  the  13th 
of  June,  1874,  Mr.  Brakefield  was  killed  while  in  the  act  of  cross- 


52(J  HISTtiKV    OF    riKE   COUNTY. 

inir  tlu'  railroad  track  with  a  team  in  tntiit  of  a  train  of  carp.  His 
hodv  was  carried  st-vcral  vards  bv  tlic  ciirs,  and  niutilatt'd  in  a  most 
shocking  manner.  lie  was  a  j>ronjinent  citizen  and  a  member  of 
the  M.  E.  Church.  Few  men  possessed  so  many  virtues,  and  few 
as  well  resjtccted  us  he.  It  is  no  wonder  that  tlie  entire  community 
was  thrown  into  consternation  at  the  intelligence  of  his  utitimely 
death. 

James  Brnkeliehl  was  born  in  Kent,  Kngland,  April  22,  1S22, 
and  when  he  wai<  alxtut  one  vear  old  his  j»arents,  ('harles  and  Mary 
r.raketield.  brou;.dit  him  to  Ameriai,  settling;  in  (Minton  county, 
l*a.,  whenci-  thev  soon  removed  to  Schenectady,  N.  \ .  At  the  ago 
of  22  years  James  located  at  Griggsville,  111.,  where  he  followed 
farming  and  broom  manufacture,  in  1S45  i>e  married  Elizal>et!i 
Carnier.  a  native  of  Paterson.  N.  .1.,  an<l  daughter  of  Henry  and 
Alary  illunt)  Carmer.  who  were  early  settlers  in  this  county,  coin- 
in  <:  here  in  1S31  '2.  Ilenrv  (-armer  was  a  native  of  New  York 
city,  and  his  wife  of  l*hiladelphia,  neither  of  whom  is  now  living. 
Mr.  C  was  reared  in  the  mercantile  business,  ])Ul  in  an  early  day  he 
came  to  Tike  county,  where  he  followed  farming  until  his  death  in 
Decentlwr,  ISG2,  at  the  ago  of  70  years,  his  wife  having  died  tlie 
previous  August.  In  March,  1857,  Mr.  Braketield  went  into  mer- 
cantile business  with  .1.  M.  (randall,  but  after  8  years'  |»artnership 
he  rt'turne<i  to  his  tormor  vocatiirti.  In  lsG<»  he  entere«l  partner- 
ship with  L.  W.  Dix.  In  1871  his  liealth  C4tmmence<l  to  hiil,  con- 
sumption setting  in,  and  he  died  April  20,  1873.  During  his  life 
Mr.  Hraketield  was  pr«)minently  id^itified  with  the  interests  of  the 

CiMMlty. 

Uenry  R.  Brown,  a  pioneer  of  Pike  Co.,  was  born  in  Hrown 
Co.,  ().,  July  15,  1821,  an<l  is  a  son  of  the  late  William  Hrown,  so 
well  known  in  the  pioneer  history  of  this  county.  He  came  liere 
with  his  parent,*:  in  Is.'H  an<l  settled  on  sec.  21*,  (JriggsviUe  tp.; 
has  dnjp|>ed  corn  on  (irigg^ville  prairie  after  a  large  breaking  plow, 
the  rows  Iwing  one  mile  in  length.  This  was  tor  Nathan  W.  Jones, 
who  now  resides  in  (iriggsville.  He  also  worked  in  a  cotton  gin  in 
Morgan  cnuty  for  about  3  years.  Like  all  other  boys  of  those 
early  «lays,  Mr.  Brown  was  dej»rived  of  educational  advantages,  and 
was  comj)elled  to  undergo  many  hardships  and  privations.  He 
saw  the  first  steamlK>at  that  sailed  on  the  Illinois  river.  He  has 
seen  over  20  deer  in  onedntve,  !»ut  never  shot  one.  He  was  married 
Jan.  IS,  ls42,  to  Harriet  Park,  and  had  one  son,  Geo.  W.  Mrs. 
Brown  died  Jan.  18,  1844.  Mr.  Brown  was  again  married  Dec.  22, 
1847,  this  time  to  Jane  Chapman,  daughter  of  E.  W.  Chajtn)an, 
decease<1,  so  well  known  in  the  early  history  of  this  coimty.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Brown  have  had  8  children,  6  of  whom  are  living:  John 
Q..  Mary  J..  Sarah  F.,  Alice,  Amos  W.  and  Willy  II.  Tliey  are 
all  married  except  the  two  youngest. 

J.  Q.  Brown  was  born  in  Griggsville  township,  Oct.  13,  1848, 
and  is  a  son  of  II.  R.  Brown.      He  was   reared   on   a  farm    and 


'-S  ■ 


eRlGGSVILLE 
FOR  BIOGRAPHICAL   SKCTCH    SEE   PAGE  526. 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  529 

educated  in  the  coinmon  and  liii^li  schools  of  Griggsville.  He  was 
married  Nov.  20,  1S73,  to  Ella  E.  EastinaJi,  daughter  of  Lvcnrgus 
Eastman,  of  Griggsville,  whose  biogra])hy  also  ajtpears  in  this  work. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Brown  have  two  children,  Alice  E.  and  Richard  E. 
Mr.  Brown  is  engaged  in  farming  and  resides  on  sec.  8,  Griggsville 
townshi]). 

Ehen  F.  Bryant  was  born  in  East  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Feb.  7, 
1832,  and  was  brought  to  this  county  by  his  parents  in  the  year 
1837  ;  was  raised  on  a  farm  until  18  years  of  age,  when  he  went  to 
Georgetown,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  and  there  apprenticed  himself  to 
Heberling  &  Russell,  machinists.  He  remained  with  them  about 
18  months,  then  returned  to  Illinois,  where  he  engaged  in  farming 
until  he  reached  his  majority  ;  then  went  to  sea.  He  sailed  first 
from  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  on  a  whaling  vessel,  and  at  New  Zealand 
changed  to  a  merchant  vessel,  l)onnd  for  Salem,  JVLass.  They  rounded 
Cape  Horn,  stojiped  at  Rio  Janeiro,  and  ai-rived  in  Salem  in  Octo- 
ber, J 854.  This  completed  his  voyage  around  the  world,  which 
was  quite  a  rare  thing  for  a  Pike  county  boy.  Mr.  Bryant  then 
returned  to  his  old  home  in  Pike  couTity,  following  farming  for  2 
years,  then  in  1856  he  again  sailed,  but  this  time  on  the  Illinois 
river.  He  remained  here  until  1868,  except  one  trip  to  the  Hud- 
son river,  via  New  Orleans  and  Boston.  He  then  again  engaged 
in  farming,  which  is  his  present  occupation,  and  resides  on  sec.  25, 
Griggsville  tp.  Mr.  Bryant  is  the  son  of  Eben  Bryant,  who  was 
born  in  South  Reading  (now  AVakefield),  Mass.,  in  June,  1806.  He 
was  a  shoemaker  by  trade,  but  on  removing  to  Illinois  he  became 
a  farmer.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  for  several 
years,  and  died  in  1869.  Our  subject  was  the  oldest  son,  and  was 
married  in  May,  1863,  to  Edith  Dean,  daughter  of  Jonathan  Dean, 
a  boot  and  shoe  merchant  of  Prairie  City,  111.  Mr.  Dean  spent 
several  years  of  his  life  in  Montana,  where  he  engaged  in  mining 
and  farming. 

J.  B.  Bryant  was  born  in  Pike  county  in  1848  ;  was  educated 
in  the  common  schools,  and  in  the  year  1871  engaged  in  the  jewelry 
business  in  Griggsville.  His  father,  Eben  Bryant,  was  a  native  of 
Wakefield,  Mass.,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1838,  settling  in 
Griggsville  tp.,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  liis  death,  which 
occurred  ]Muy  3,  1S69. 

Amos  Butterfield^  son  of  the  late  Leonard  Butterfield,  well 
known  in  this  county,  was  born  in  Griggsville  tp.  May  17,  1849  ; 
was  educate"!  in  the  common  schools  of  this  townshi]),  and  rai.-jed 
a  farmer.  He  was  married  Aug.  16,  1872,  to  Mary  Hensul,  daugh- 
ter of  Robert  Hensel,  of  Griggsville  tp.  They  have  one  little  girl, 
Minnie,  born  Aug.  17,  1873. 

Leonard  Butterfield.,  deceased,  was  born  Dec.  14,  1805,  in 
Nashua,  N.  H.;  was  married  to  Susan  Lamson  in  the  city  of  Bos- 
ton Sept.  27,  1832.  He  spent  the  5  following  years  in  the  State  of 
North  C^arulina,  as  a  missionary  among  the  Cherokee  Indians,  and 
in  1837  came  to  Griggsville,  where  he  resided  lintil   the  death  of 


68<^  niSTORY   OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

his  wife,  which  occurred  Aug.  21,  1870  ;  lie  then  visited  his  hroth- 
ers  and  sisters  in  tlie  East.  He  returned  to  (.Triggsviilo  in  ls73, 
where  ho  reniained  until  Miiy  27,  1n74  ;  June  2  of"  this  year  he 
was  married  to  Kehecca  Xoyes,  and  resided  in  New  llain])sliire 
until  his  death,  which  took  place  July  29,  ls77.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  Haptist  Church. 

Henrij  Carmer,  deceased,  was  a  luitive  i»f  New  York  city,  and 
was  horn  duly  2.'),  1793;  was  educated  in  New  York,  and  was  a 
hardware  merchant  for  several  years  in  Patterson,  N.  J.  In  ls31 
he  removed  with  his  family  to  Uiclinioml,  Ind.,  where  he  remained 
till  1.S33,  when  he  canif  to  (4riir:r>ville  township.  There  were  hut 
three  houses  in  (Jrigirsville  at  that  time.  He  en;^a;;('d  in  farming 
for  about  17  years,  and  was  liookkeeper  for  lieuben  Hatch,  of 
Griggsville,  for  a  few  years,  and  afterward  for  Hraketield  &  Cran- 
dall.  In  the  year  ls61  he  removed  U*  Hancock  Co.,  where  he  died 
Dec.  i:»,  l^^;•i.  He  was  the  father  of  3  chihlren,  -Elizabeth  W., 
now  Mrs.  .lames  liraketield;  Mary  W.,  now  widow  oi  Henry  Gold- 
man; and  Lydia,  now  Mrs.  Thomas  Hrakefield.  Elizabeth  W.  was 
married  to  James  iJraketield,  Aj>ril  22,  1845.  They  had  7  chil- 
dren, t»f  whom  3  are  living,  — M:irv  \V.,  n(»w  Mrs.  Sinijuons; 
Henry  C,  Lillie  ('.  and  Ettie  J.  .Mr.  li.  was  a  prominent  mer- 
chant of  (Triggsville  for  a  numl)er  of  years.  He  died  April 
26,  1873. 

litv.  Ji.  B.  i'arjytjitcr  was  lM>rn  in  \  irmont,  Dec,  3,  1810,  and 
was  taken  l»y  his  parents  to  S<'.h<»harie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  when  but  six 
months  oKl,  where  he  remainc«l  until  he  was  si.xtecn  years  of  age, 
when  he  went  to  Washington  Co.,  N,  Y.  He  was  apjtrenticcd  to 
John  Hughes,  a  tailor,  of  Cambridge,  N.  Y'.,  with  whom  ho 
remaineti  for  three  years.  He  pursued  this  occupation  f»»r  three 
and  a  half  years,  when  lie  l»egan  prej)aring  for  the  ministry.  He 
attended  the  Brandon  Academy  two  and  a  lialt  years,  and  then 
entered  the  Hamilton  University.  He  completed  only  the  Sopho- 
more year  on  acc<.unt  of  ill  health.  lie  was  married  in  1841  to 
Mary  liichards,  and  they  had  4  children:  3  are  now  living, — James 
B.,  Chester  L.,  and  Charles  I).  The  name  of  the  deceased  was 
Laura.  .Mr.  Carpenter  came  to  Illinois  in  1839,  and  was  ordained 
minister  in  the  l>aptist  Church  at  Di.xon  in  1840,  where  he 
remained  as  Pastor  of  the  Church  until  1844,  when  he  took  charge 
of  the  Lamoille  ([\\.)  Baptist  Church  for  one  year;  he  then  was 
Pastor  of  theOriggsville  Bajttist  Church  for  twenty-five  years,  but 
is  n<»w  retired  on  account  of  ill   health. 

Duvid  F .  t'o^'t'i/,  deceased,  one  of  the  pioneers,  was  born  in 
Simpson  county,  Ivy.,  May  18,  1817,  and  was  a  son  of  Nathan 
Cottey,  deceased,  well  known  in  this  county,  who  brought  his  fam- 
ily here  in  1S20  and  settled  on  sec.  3,  Griggsville  township,  at  the 
summit  of  the  hill  which  was  afterward  christened  "Coffey  Hill," 
and  is  still  called  by  that  name.  •  lie  wa.s  the  father  of  13  children, 
of  whom  David  F.  was  the  6th.  The  latter  was  married  in  1842 
to  Elizabeth  Conner,  daughter  of  Francis  Conner,  deceased,  who 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  531 

came  to  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  in  1832.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Coffey  liad  10 
children,  of  whom  9  are  livinpj, — Sarah  E.,  Nathan  F.,  J.  Hardin, 
Delitha  ^r.,  Daniel  F.,  Burton  B.,  Thomas  M.,  Mary  J.  and  Grace 
L.  Mr.  Coffey  was  Captain  of  Co.  B,  6Sth  Regt.  III.  Inf,  in  the 
Rebellion,  but  was  detailed  to  hospital  service  during  the  second 
battle  of  ^Manassas.  He  died  Sept.  22,  1867,  at  the  age  of  50 
years;  had  been  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  for  about 
twenty- seven  years. 

John  Craven.^  sr.,  a  native  of  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  was  born  Jan.  7, 
1802;  was  married  in  1831  to  Esther  Warton,  and  the  same  year 
carae  to  America  and  settled  in  the  wilds  of  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  6 
miles  west  of  Jacksonville,  where  he  remained  until  1850,  engaged 
in  farming.  He  then  removed  with  his  family  to  Pike  county  and 
settled  on  sec.  20,  Griggsville  tp.,  where  he  again  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  stock-raising.  He  is  now  retired  from  active  life  and 
resides  on  a  little  farm  adjoining  Griggsville  on  the  west.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Craven  have  2  children:  Sarah  A.,  now  Mrs.  E.  T.  Williams, 
and  John,  who  resides  at  the  old  homestead  in  this  township. 

John  Craven  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  Feb.  13,  1835,  and  is 
a  son  of  John  Craven,  sr.,  of  Griggsville  tp.  He  was  raised  on  a 
farm  and  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Morgan  Co.  He  came 
to  this  count}'  with  his  parents  in  1850,  settling  on  sec.  20,  Griggs- 
ville tp..  where  he  still  resides,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  and 
stock-raising.  He  was  married  May  12, 1864,  to  Henrietta  George, 
daughter  of  Samuel  George,  deceased,  who  came  to  Griggsville  in 
1847.  Mrs.  Craven  was  born  Oct.  17,  1837,  in  London,  England. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Craven  have  had  6  children,  of  whom  5  are  living: 
Mary  E.,  Anna,  Maud  and  Jennie  (twins)  and  John. 

Jesse  G.  Crawford  was  born  in  Overton  Co.,  Tenn.,  May  6, 1810. 
He  received  a  common  school  education  there  and  emiijrated  to  II- 
linois  in  1829,  settling  in  ^lacoupin  Co.;  in  1830  he  came  to  Jack- 
sonville, where  he  remained  three  and  a  half  years,  then  came  to 
Griggsville  in  1833.  At  that  time  there  was  no  town  there.  A  log 
house  stood  near  where'the  center  of^Quincy  Avenue  now  is.  It  still 
stands  just  back  of  the  postoffice,  but  is  weather-boarded,  and  is 
owned  by  J.  R.  Stanford's  heirs.  Mr.  C.  erected  the  first  two-story 
frame  house  on  the  Griggsville  prairie  in  1833,  for  Amos  Blood. 
He  was  married  in  the  fall  of  1833  to  Jane  Avery,  daughter  of 
Nicholas  Avery,  an  early  settler  in  Pike  Co.  They  had  4  children, 
— only  one  living,  James.  Mrs.  Crawford  died  in  1847.  Mr.  Craw- 
ford again  married,  this  time  Maria  J.  Houts.  They  have  3  chil- 
dren,— Abbie  M.,  now  Mrs.  A.  II.  Butler;  Clara  E.,  now  Mrs.  Henry 
Hatch;  and  George  B. 

D.  W.  Cree  was  born  in  Griggsville  tp.  in  1844,  and  is  the  son  of 
Walker  Cree,  of  Griggsville.  In  the  year  1863  Mr.  Cree  engaged 
in  the  sale  of  furniture,  stoves,  and  tinware,  wall  paper,  picture 
frames,  etc.,  with  a  capital  of  $300.  He  now  carries  a  stock  of 
$4,000,  and  has  a  large  trade. 


532  HISTORY    OF    PIKK   COUNTY. 

Jnynes  M.  Cree  was  born  in  Muyeville,  this  countv,  Jan.  15, 1842. 
He  came  to  (Triij;^svillt'  when  14  years  old,  wliere  he  still  resides, 
and  is  proprietor  ut"  the  Cree  llonse  in  this  place,  one  ot"  the  l)est 
hotels  in  the  county.  He  was  married  Marcii  ;J1,  lf>t>6,  to  J.iiia  A. 
Pond. 

Nathan  JI.  Dan's  was  born  in  Stratlord  Co.,  N.  II.,  An<,'.  4, 1S12; 
was  raised  on  a  farm  and  educateil  in  the  public  schools  ot  C'anada, 
his  parents  .haviui^  moved  there  with  their  children  in  181S. 
When  he  obtained  his  niajorit}'  he  went  to  Boston,  Mass.,  where 
he  learned  the  carpenter's  trade.  lie  worked  on  the  bridges  of  the 
BosttMi  6c  Lowell  K.  U.  tor  three  successive  summers.  In  1S87 
Mr.  Davis  started  for  the  then  far  West  and  arrived  in  Quincy,  111., 
Aug.  14  of  the  same  year,  and  in  a  few  days  came  to  Barry,  thi& 
County,  wluTc  he  pursue*!  his  jirofessi(»n  for  a  nuinlier  of  years  and 
then  purchased  a  farm  in  Derry  township,  on  sec.  1.  He  then 
eui^aired  in  farmini;,  workini;  at  his  trade  at  interviils.  .Inly  IS, 
l.S3l>,  he  was  married  to  Sarah  Lourimore,  dauirhter  of  I^>bert  S. 
anti  Mary  Lourimore,  decease*!.  Mrs,  Davis  was  l)orn  in  Butler 
Co.,  O.,  .Miiy  S,  1S17,  where  she  rem;»inei!  until  S  years  (»f  atje, 
when  her  parents  took  her  to  Dark  Co.,  O.,  n  id  in  1837  they  UKtved 
to  Pike  Ci».,  III.,  wljere  she  still  resides.  Mr.  an«!  Mrs.  Diivis  have 
had  7  children,  of  wh«»m  4  are  livinj;, — Josepliine,  Frances,  Louisa 
and  David;  all  are  married.  Mr.  Davis  is  a  farmer,  and  has  been 
e.\tensively  enj;H>;e<l  in  stock- raismjj;.  He  is  a  son  of  Nathan 
Davis,  who  was  born  in  N.  II..  Nov.  22,  1772.  His  mother  was 
Sally  Boynton,  who  was  Inirn  in  1777  in()l<!  Salem,  Mass. 

Aaron  II.  Dmn  was  born  in  Litchfield.  Conn..  March  17.  1831, 
son  of  Hiram  L.,  and  nephew  of  Daniel  Dean.  Mayor  of  (Tri^<^- 
ville.  but  he  came  to  Pike  Co.  in  an  early  day  (^l!!'3»">  i.with  his  parents; 
educate*!  in  the  old-fashioned  loj^  seiiool-liouse;  learned  the  black- 
smith's trade;  settled  on  sec.  36,  whence  he  walked  3  miles  every 
day  to  his  shop  in  (4rii;i^sville,  workin<;  for  $1.25  a  day.  Wolves 
Sometimes  l\dlowed  him  on  his  trips.  ()u  Jjis  way  to  a  Thanksijiv- 
inij  dinner  one  day,  in  an  ox  cart,  the  o.xen  ran  away  with  fam- 
ily and  all,  into  the  brush;  but  the  family  <;ot  to  their  dinner  all 
rijrht  at  last.  With  these  oxen  thev  did  all  their  teaming;  for  5  or 
6  years.  Hiram  L.  Dean  died  Sept.  7,  187G,  aged  OS  years.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  In  1830  he  married  Wealthy 
M.  Saunders,  l>y  whom  he  had  2  children, —  Harriet  M.,  now  Mrs. 
David  Stover,  and  Aaron  H.  Mrs.  Dean  was  born  in  Litchtield, 
Conn..  March  17,  1J>11.  She  is  now  residing  at  the  (»ld  homestead 
with  her  son.  Jan.  1.  1852,  our  subject  married  Delilah  Senitt",  by 
wliom  he  has  had  2  children, —  Martha  E.  and  Mary  E.  Mrs.  Dean 
die<l  in  June,  1S5<>.  and  in  November,  1858.  Mr.  Dean  married 
Nancy  C.  Dunniway.     Their  only  son,  David  F..  is  deceased. 

Daniel  Dein  was  born  Sept.  2,  1815,  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  and  is 
the  son  of  Amos  Dean,  an  early  settler  of  Pike  Co.,  who  came  here 
in  1836  and  settled  in  Griggsville  tp.  Daniel  was  educated  in  the 
free  schools  of  Litchfield,  and  in  the  year  1837  lie   followed  his  pa- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  533 

rents  to  this  county,  where  he  engaged  in  tarniin^and  stock-raising 
until  18f)7,  when  lie  retired,  and  is  now  residing  in  GriggsviHe  and 
is  the  present  Mayor  of  the  city.  He  was  married  in  1830  to 
Lydia  Scranton,  by  whom  he  had  3  children,— Jane,  Marv  A.  and 
Wm.  II.  The  latter  has  charge  ot"  the  farm.  Mrs.  Dean  died  Nov. 
19,  1877.  She  had  i)een  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  for  over 
40  years. 

Ilenry  E.  Dean^  deceased,  was  boi-n  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  Oct. 
5,  1809,  where  at  the  age  of  22  he  united]  with  the  Congregational 
Church,  lie  removed  with  his  parents  to  this  county  in  the  fall 
of  1836,  and  settled  on  sec.  34,  GriggsviHe  tp.  Here  he  united  with 
the  M.  E,  Church.  He  died  March  15,  1877,  leaving  a  wife  and  7 
children.  He  was  married  Jan.  13,  1842,  to  Mary  L.  Cohenour, 
daughter  of  John  Cohenour.  deceased.  Mr.  and  J\[rs.  Dean  had  8 
children,  of  whom  7  are  living, — Annie  E.,  Harriet  A.  (now  Mrs. 
John  Hedges,  of  Christian  Co.,  111.,)  John  A.,  Geo.  H.,  Mary  J., 
Oliver  R.  and  Charles  D.  Mrs.  Dean  was  born  in  Huntingdon  Co., 
Pa.,  Jan.  9,  1821,  where  she  was  raised  until  15  years  of  age,  when 
she  came  with  her  parents  to  this  county,  settling  in  Griggs- 
viHe tp. 

Lucy  M.  DlckerHon^  a  native  of  England,  was  born  Sept.  19, 
184:2,  and  is  the  daughter  of  Wm.  Ilobson,  who  came  to  Illinois 
about  the  year  1847,  and  settled  in  Flint  tp.  He  was  a  stone  mason 
and  was  killed  while  the  GriggsviHe  high  school  building  was 
under  the  process  of  erecton,  by  a  runaway  team  Our  subject  was 
married  in  1858  to  James  D.  Dickerson.  They  have  5  children, — 
Orson  J.,  Wm.  I.,  Ella  M.,  Stephen  L.  and  Laura  M. 

Theodore  Dickerson  was  born  in  I^orthfield,  Mass.,  Dec.  24, 
1796,  and  there  received  his  education.  In  1811  he  was  apprenticed 
to  Gustus  L3'man,  a  blacksmith,  of  Deerfield,  I^Iass.,  where  he  served 
6  year.'r.  In  1818  he  went  to  Salem,  Mass.,  worked  at  his  trade  one 
year,  went  to  Boston  in  1819,  and  in  1820  began  business  in  that 
place  for  himself.  In  1831  he  came  to  Pike  county,  and  settled  on 
sec.  1,  GriggsviHe  tp.  In  1833  he  removed  to  GriggsviHe,  which 
then  contained  but  three  or  four  houses;  kept  boarding  house  in 
1833,  when  3  families  lodged  in  the  same  room.  In  1822  Mr.  D. 
was  married  in  Boston,  to  Mary  T.  Beckford,  a  native  of  Salem, 
Mass.  She  was  born  Jan.  1,  1800.  They  have  had  7  children,  4 
of  whom  are  living, — Theodore  F.,  Elijah,  Emma  A.  and  Horace  P. 

J.  E.  Dix  db  Son,  boot  and  shoe  dealers,  'i'his  enterprising  firm 
embarked  in  the  boot  and  shoe  trade  in  GriggsviHe  in  1859,  in  which 
they  are  still  engaged,  enjoying  a  large  trade. 

Joh?i  DIx,  while  residing  in  his  native  ]>lace,  Townsend,  Mass., 
studied  the  books  and  reports  concerning  the  West,  from  wliit'h  he 
learned  that  "  all  the  worthless  land  belonged  to  Uncle  Sam,  while 
the  very  best  land  belonged  to  the  soldiers,"  He  therefore  pur- 
chased a  soldier's  claim  in  1837,  and  started  AVest  to  occupy  the  land, 
coming  by  water  around  Florida  and  up  the  Mississippi,  meeting 
with  many  exciting  experiences.     On  arriving  at  the  promised  land 


634  III8TOKY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY. 

ill  tills  Great  Wc.^t,  lie  I'ouiitl  it  ri>u;;li  and  hliifVy,  ami  not  worth 
two  cents  an  acre.  Having  l>eeii  hrou^'lit  up  iti  a  city,  Mr.  Dix 
said  he  was  very  "  ^reeii ''  when  he  came  tt»  the  West;  and  after 
settling  on  his  laiul  he  "  starte«l  up  the  civek  to  hunt  for  a  rock  to 
make  a  ;^'rindstone,  to  tjrind  his  a.\,  to  chop  some  lo;;s,  to  hiiild  a 
cahin,  to  make  some  sliin;;!es  in,  to  sell  to  buy  pork  with."  lie  re- 
lates many  other  awkward  experiences  he  had  in  his  introduction 
to  Western  j)ioneer  life.  We  jjive  one  more,  ileariiii;  of  a  mill  at 
some  distance  he  loaded  somec(»rn  ujutn  his  ox-cart,  and  hhiziiiij  the 
trees  as  he  went  to  mark  the  way,  he  at  last  arrived  at  the  mill, 
when  lol  it  was  only  a  saw-milll  Ni^lit  overtook  him  on  his  way 
home  and  he  was  oldiged  to  pet  out  of  the  cart  and  feel  for  the 
blazed  trees  in  ortler  to  find  his  way  home.  In  l>ls  Mr.  Dix 
married  Mary  Wilson,  a  native  of  Lynn,  Mass.  Tliev  had  7  chil- 
dren, of  whom   but  *J  are  Iivin<;,  KUen  M.  and  John  E. 

Lavi  W.  Di\r,  deceasetl,  was  a  native  of  Maiden,  Mass.,  and  was 
liorn  Feb.  15,  1S21;  was  the  son  of  John  Dix,  now  of  CTri<^^villo. 
lie  came  to  Illinois  with  his  father  in  Isi'.T,  and  was  married  in 
1841  tt»  Kuth  K.  Ki«ldle,  a  native  of  Vurmouth,  Nova  Scotia,  and 
daughter  of  Arthur  Kid«lle,  deceiiscd.  They  had  5  children,  3  liv- 
injf, — Sarah  F„  lt<»llin  M.,  and  .Margaret  E.  Mr.  Dix  engaged  in 
merchaiidisin;;  with  James  Hraketicld  iti  (trip^sville,  and  died 
April  :'.().  1S74. 

Jo/in  ir.  Do  in  wjis  born  Nov.  12,  ls34.  in  (Mermont  ('o.,  O., 
and  is  a  sitn  of  Wm.  and  Susanna  Doan,  deceased.  The  former  was 
a  native  of  Connecticut  and  the  lattorof  Massachusetts.  Oursub- 
ject  was  eilucated  in  the  common  schools  of  Ohio,  and  was  raised 
on  a  farm,  lie  came  to  Pike  county  with  his  mother  an<l  family 
in  1869,  where  he  has  since  resideil.  His  father  was  the  IL»n.  Wm. 
Doan,  an  e.\-Meml»er  ofCon;jress  from  Ohio,  and  also  a  surgeon  of 
the  Isl  Ke:;'t.  3d  Hr  '  and  Sth  Divi.nion  in  the  Ohio  State 
Militia.  Our  subject  :  .  on  sec.  l.'S.  ( JriL'L'i^ville  tp..  aiul  is  nn- 
pa«rtHl  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 

Kdtrnnl  Doncy  was  born  Oct,  24,   1851,  in  Griggsville,  and  is  a 
graduate   of   Illinois    C\>llege  at  J     '         ville.  111.,  (»f  the   class  of 
1871.     He  read  law  al»out  3  years,  \. ...  ..  .mitted  to  the  bar  in  1S74, 

and  is  now  practicing  in  (iriggsville.  He  is  now  a  successful  j)rac- 
titioner,  and  bids  fair  to  l)ec<»meone  of  Pike  county's  foremost  attor- 
neys. He  is  President  of  the  Pike  County  Christian  Temperance 
Union.   * 

Abel  Dunham,  a  native  of  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  was  lx)rn  July  16, 
1819,  and  is  a  son  of  Wm.  and  Mary  (^Chancy)  Dunham,  deceased; 
was  mised  on  a  farm  and  received  a  limited  education  in  a  subscrip- 
tion school.  He  was  married  Aug.  13.  1839,  to  Rachel  Hardin, 
by  whom  he  had  10  children,  and  of  these  6  are  living,  Aman- 
da, Isabelle,  Mary  E.,  P^rances  A.,  Joshua  L.  and  Joseph  M. 
His  father  was  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution  and  was  among  the 
number  who  cut  tlieir  shoes  into  piece.-:,  broiling  them  in  the  fire 
and  making  cotiee  of  them.     Our  subject  came  to  Illinois  in  1845, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  535 

arriving  at  Griggsville  Landing  Nov.  26,  1845,  at  8  p.  m.  He  fol- 
lowed fanning  and  stock-raising  until  within  a  few  years  ;  is  now 
retired  and  resides  in  the  villaije  of  Mavsville.  Mr,  and  Mrs.  Dun- 
ham  are  both  members  of  the  United  Brethren  Church. 

Nathaniel  Z^UTiAa/^  isanative  of  Maryland;  was  a  son  of  Lewis 
Dunham,  who  brought  his  family  to  this  county  in  1844,  and  was 
born  Sept.  12,  1802  ;  was  a  cooper  by  trade,  but  for  the  most  part 
followed  farming  after  moving  West.  He  died  Sept.  14,  1866. 
Our  subject  was  burn  in  AVarren  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  14,  1s;j4,  and  came 
with  his  parents  to  this  county  in  1S44,  where  he  lias  since  resided. 
He  was  married  Oct.  26,  1854,  to  Mary  A.  Kiser,  daughter  of  Daniel 
Kiser,  deceased,  who  also  settled  in  Pike  county  in  1844.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Dunham  have  had  7  children,  of  whom  5  are  living, —  Daniel, 
Wm.  IL,  Lewis  O.,  Charles  E.  and  Orpha  J.  Mrs.  Dunham  was 
born  in  Warren  Co.,  Ind.,  May  3,  1838.  Mr.  D.  resides  on  sec. 
18,  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 

Wm.  Dunliim  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  April  17, 1829,  son 
of  Lewis  and  Sarah  A.  D.,  who  with  the  family  emigrated  to  this 
county  in  1844.  Lewis  died  in  Sept.,  1865,  and  Sarah  A.  is  now 
Mrs.  Leander  Filson,  of  Maysville,  this  Co.  In  1850  Mr.  D.  went 
to  California  and  followed  mining  and  trading  in  stock  ;  on  his 
return  he  was  shipwrecked  Nov.  15,  1853,  off  the  coast  of  the 
island  Anicapa,  350  miles  from  San  Francisco,  and  was  not  rescued 
for  5  days.  The  crew  and  passengers  also  had  another  narrow 
escape  from  death  by  explosion  of  a  boiler,  which  was  discovered 
red  hot.  He  returned  to  this  county  Jan.  12,  1854,  and  for  a  time 
followed  breaking  prairie.  Aug.  9,  1855,  he  married  Miss  Nancy, 
daughter  of  Thos.  Carnes,  now  of  Schuyler  Co.,  HI.  They  have 
had  11  children,  of  whom  6  are  living  :  Thomas,  Elizabeth  A., 
Julia  B.,  William  H.,  Nathaniel  W.  and  Jason.  Mrs.  Dunham 
died  May  28,  1877,  and  Mr.  D.  married  the  widow  of  Wra.  Ervin, 
Oct.  4  following.  Mrs.  Dunham  had  5  children  by  her  first  hus- 
band, of  whom  4  are  living, — George  H.,  Sarah  J.,  Martha  D.  S. 
and  Harriet  R.  E.  Mr.  D.  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  7.  Mr.  D.  helped 
to  construct  the  first  railroad  in  Illinois,  that  from  Naples  to 
Jacksonville. 

Lycurgus  Eastman.  Roger  Eastman,  an  ancestor  of  our  sub- 
ject, was  born  in  Wales  in  1611,  and  came  to  Massachusetts  in 
1640,  locating  at  Salisbury  ;  his  wife's  name  was  Sarah,  who  died 
Dec.  16,  1694,  aged  83 ;  had  10  children.  Philip,  the  3d  child, 
moved  to  Haverhill,  where  his  house  was  burned  by  the  Indians 
and  some  of  the  family  taken  prisoners.  Ebenezcr,  a  son  of  his, 
was  born  Jan.  10, 1689,' and  died  July  28, 1748  ;  his  3d  child,  Capt. 
Joseph,  was  born  June  10,  1715,  married  Abigail  Mellen,  who  died 
in  March,  1801  ;  of  their  6  children  the  3d  was  Moses,  who  was 
born  March  3, 1743,  and  who  married  Lucretla  Tyler  in  Pembroke, 
N.  11.;  he  died  in  1796,  and  his  eldest  son,  ('harles,  was  born  Dec. 
11,  1774,  and  married  Sally  Bradley  Nov.  29,  1798,  at  Concord,  N. 
H.;  she  died  Dec.  9,  1809,'  and  lie'Sept.  26,  1847  ;  but  by  his  sec- 


536  HISTORY    OF    PIKK   COUNTY. 

end  in!irria«je  lie  had  6  children,  of  whom  Lycur<:;iis,  the  siihject  of 
thid  sketch,  was  the  yoiiiii^est ;  he  was  born  in  (\»nc<»rd,  >r.  II., 
July  4,  1807,  where  he  resided  until  17  years  old,  when  he  was 
apprenticed  to  learn  the  wheel wrii^ht's  trade  at  Quiiicy,  Mass.  In 
1834  he  emigrated  West,  locating  on  sec.  8,  this  tp.,  wiiere  he 
remained  o3  years,  and  then  sold  his  farm  and  moved  to  (iriggs- 
ville,  where  he  now  lives.  In  1n32  he  married  Klouisa  B.  Sim- 
mons, and  their  4  children  are  :  Maria  B.,  now  Mrs.  E.  ().  Ilills, 
of  Chicago  ;  Susaa  B.,  wife  of  Peter  Northrop,  of  Turner,  III,; 
Harriet  N.,a  missionary  teacher  iti  Toungoo,  l»uriMah;  ami  Charles 
L.,  of  Whiting,  Kansas.  Mrs.  Eastnnm  died  Aug.  12,  1^44,  and 
Mr.  K.  again  married,  in  May,  1845,  this  time  Uehecca  L.  llum- 
t>hris,  by  wliom  he  had  7  <5hildren  ;  4  are  living,  namely,  Kmeline 
il.,  now  the  wife  of  Dr.  J.  L.  Love,  of  Whiting,  Kan.;  Lucv  J., 
teacher  of  grade  4  in  (iriggsvilU*  Union  School ;  Ella  E.,  now  Mrs. 
John  Q.  Brown,  a  farmer  in  this  ti). ;  and  (ieorge  E.,  of  Whiting, 
Kan.  The  names  of  the  deceasetl  were  Elouisa  R.,  Lucretia  G. 
(Mrs.  Henry  C  Love)  and  Etta  Adelaide. 

Thonvts  P.  KUnhje  is  a  Son  of  Boone  Elle«lge,  and  great-gratulson 
of  Neddie  Boone,  a  bn>therof  Daniel  Boone,  the  hero  of  i)ioneer  days 
of  Kentucky.  The  Elledges  still  keep  up  the  name  of  Boone  in  tlie 
family.  Thomas  P.  was  l>orn  in  Harrison  Co.,  Ind.,  April  *J7,  1825; 
was  educated  in  the  common  scluwds  of  Indiana  ami  Illinois,  and 
came  with  his  parents  to  this  cotxnty  in  183«;,  settling  on  sec.  6, 
Griggsville  tp.,  vrhere  lie  still  resides,  and  is  engaged  in  farming 
and  stock  raising.  He  was  married  Feb.  11, 1847,  to  Margaret  J. 
Simpson,  «laui;hter  of  the  late  Matthew  Simjison,  an<i  they  have  had 
fi  children,  Itebecca  J.,  James  A.,  Hattie  A.,  Matthew  B.,  .Mary  C. 
and  an  infant.     The  three  latter  are  deceaj>e<i. 

Uriah  Kllfilge,  60i\  of  Bot)ne  Ellcdge,  deceased,  was  born  in  Clark 
Co..  Ky.,  Nov.  •_"_>.  1802.  He  came  to  Scott  (\).,  111.,  in  \^2'.\\  had 
to  go  to  Up|>er  Alton  on  Wood  river,  a  distance  of  12r>  miles,  to 
mill.  In  182«)  a  Mr.  John  Pearsc»n  erecte<l  a  horse-mill  within 
alK)ut  2  miles  of  Mr.  Elledge's  house.  While  in  Scott  county  Mr. 
E.  Worked  for  Alex.  Bell  18  months.  He  wa.s  married  M.-irch  26, 
1825,  to  C'atharine  Scott,  (laughter  of  John  Scott,  for  whom  the 
county  WJI.S  name<l.  They  had  s  children,  of  whom  5  are  living, — 
Rebecca  E..  Mary  M.,  John  IL,  Emily  J.  and  Uriah  D.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  EUedge  removed  to  where  Griggsville  now  statids,  in  1825, 
but  on  accotint  of  sickness  returned  to  Scott  county,  the  folhiwing 
autumn.  In  1830  he  came  back  to  Griggsville  tp,  where  he  resides 
on  sec.  13.  Mrs.  Elledge  died  Jan.  9,  1^55,  and  Dec.  12,  1858,  Mr. 
Elledge  married  Mrs.  Delia  Ball,  by  whom  he  has  had  4  children, — 
Anna  B.,  Florence  M.,  (Charles  II.  and  Frederick  O.  In  the  year 
l84I*  Mr.  Elledge,  accom])anied  by  his  son,  Daniel  B.,  went  over- 
land to  California,  with  the  tirst  emigrant  train  that  went  in  search 
of  gold.  Daniel  died  there,  and  Mr.  Elledge  returned  in  December, 
1851.  He  served  in  the  Winnebago  war,  and  3  of  his  sons,  William, 
John  and  L^riah,  were  in  the  late  war.    William  died  while  in  the 


1 


1 


ucj  { I  i^a<  n 


eRieesviLLX 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  539 

service.     His  daugliter  Rebecca  was  the  first  female  child  burn  in 
Griofgsville  tp.,  which  occurred  Oct.  26,  1831. 

Moses  Elliott  was  born  in  Wheeling,  Va.,  March  18,  1819,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  and  Esther  Elliott,  deceased;  was  raised  on  a 
farm  in  Koss  county,  O. ;  received  a  common-school  education,  and 
was  the  eldest  of  10  children.  lie  was  married  Oct.  2,  1853,  to 
Jane  Perry,  daughter  of  Joseph  Perry,  deceased,  and  now  resides 
on  sec.  35,  Griggsville  tp.,  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 
Mrs.  Elliott  was  i)()rn  in  Ireland  Aug.  24,  1815,  and  came  with  her 
parents  to  Canada  in  1834,  and  to  Pike  county  in  1S49,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Elliott  have  had  2  sons, — Geo.  P.  and  Richard  W. 

E.  G.  Farrand  was  born  in  Bridgeport,  Vt.,  Nov.  13,  1814;  left 
his  native  State  at  the  age  of  18  and  went  to  Michigan,  where  he 
remained  until  1845,  then  removed  to  Alorgan  county.  111.,  and  in 
1849  went  to  California,  where  he  remained  until  1852.  He  then 
returned  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Griggsville.  Since  1861  he  has 
been  successfully  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade,  and  dealing  in  doors, 
sash,  blinds,  etc.,  carrying  a  stock  of  $12,000  to  $15,000.  In 
1852  he  married  Elizabeth  J.  McWilliams,  of  Griggsville,  and 
they  have  4  boys, — James  A.,  M.  K.,  Harvey  L.  and  Frederick  H. 

Joseph  A.  Eergiison,  son  of  David  and  Margaret  Ferguson,  was 
born  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  May  2,  1822;  was  raised  a  farmer;  came 
to  this  county  in  1S4Y;  bought  a  farm  on  sec.  16,  Griggsville  tp., 
where  he  still  resides,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 
He  was  married  Dec.  17,  1845,  to  Jennie  1?^.,  daughter  of  James 
and  Martha  Stark,  of  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ferguson 
have  5  children, — Wm.  J.,  Margaret  J.,  David  A.,  Albert  P.  and 
Edward  C.  Wm.  J.  is  married  to  Ella  Hitch  and  resides  in  Griggs- 
ville ;  Margaret  J.  is  married  to  Wm.  S.  Murray,  and  resides  in 
Murrayville,  Morgan  Co.,  111. 

David  Fielding,  deceased,  was  born  in  Miami  Co.,  O.,  ]\[ay  11, 
1807.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  Xew  Carlisle,  O. 
He  was  married  Dec.  1,  1835,  to  Mary  (Moore)  Smalloy,  widow  of 
Jesse  Smalley,  and  daughter  of  Samuel  Moore.  She  was  born  in 
Dayton,  O.,  Oct  18,  1805,  when  there  were  but  6  buildings  in  that 
place.  She  had  3  children  by  her  first  husband, — Ellen,  Abigail, 
deceased,  and  Prudence  R.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fielding  had  6  children, 
— Charlotte,  Mary,  Jesse,  Fannie,  Clara  and  Albert.  The  two 
latter  are  deceased.  Mr.  Fielding  was  a  worthy  member  of  the 
Baptist  Church  for  31  years.  He  died  March  9,  1867,  loved  and 
respected  b}'^  all.  His  last  words  were,  "  I  never  thouglit  it  would 
be  so  easy  when  I  came  to  die."  He  left  messages  for  absent 
children,  requesting  them  to  meet  him  in  Heaven.  He  partook  of 
the  Lord's  Suj^per  just  before  his  death,  Mr.  Fielding  had  been 
married  once  before,  to  Charlotte  Miller,  by  whom  he  had  4  children, 
— Maria,  Jeremiah,  Daniel  and  Henrietta. 

Nathan  French  was  born  in  ]\[errimac  Co.,  N.  H.,  in  1804,  and 
was  raised  on  a  farm  until  Is  vears  old ;  then  went  to  sea  and  remained 
8  years.     During  this  time  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  14  times  and 

32 


540  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE   COUNTY. 

visiteil  the  cities  of  lloehelle,  St.  IVtergl)iir«j,  Aiiisterdum,  Stock- 
liolm  HtJ'l  others.  IlesaiU'i'  nrouiul  ('upo  Horn  <m  his  wiiy  t<t  .I:i])iui 
(luriii;;  his  whiilili;'  v<»v:ii»e,  wherein  7*2  whulej^  were  cHii;'ht,  from 
which  2.5<>'>  hjirrels  of  oil  were  ohtaitie<l.  In  1^31  lie  reniove*!  to 
New  OrleuJis.  where  lie  resideti  for  three  years  iin<l  fijllowed  earpen- 
terinff.  In  1^.'?')  lie  loeated  at  Alton,  and  eanie  to  ( iriir<rrtville  one 
year  afterward.  At  that  time (-1  rii^ir^vi lie cor.lained  ITiO  iiduihitimtij. 
In  iXiO  Mr.  F.  was  married  to  Ihirriet,  <liui«;hter  of  the  late  David 
llovt,  of  pioneer  historv.  Thev  had  4  children,  of  whom  3  are 
livini,'.  — W m.  II.,  Li/.zie  K.  mow  Mrs.  Marnlmrt'l  her  hiishatul 
beinj^  of  the  tirm  of  liarnhart  IJros.  vS:  ('«».,  Chicago)  and  Mary  W., 
teaclu'r  in  the  hij^h  school  at  Decatur,  III.  Wm.  11.  in  aijent  for 
the  Western  A«»80ciated   Pres**,  ("hiwi^. 

Froio'ls  K ryd  was  horn  in  Detroit  tp..  Pike  Co.,  in  1^4.),  and 
ifi  the  son  (if  the  noted  .I<»nathan  Frye.  the  ^reat  pioneer  miller  of 
Hi^  Blue  river.  Onr  subject  was  married  in  Au;;..  I*^»)7,  to  Mary 
L.,  dau;;hter  of  J.  M.  < iritlln,  of  Kansas.  Thev  have  5  children, 
— Alta,  Wm.  E.,  Kvu  Lee.  .John  W.  and  I.oni  K.  Mr.  Frye  is  one 
of  the  projirietors  of  Frye's  Mill  in  ( iri^jrsvilN'. 

Ptletj  Gttrtlner  was  horn  in  Hancock  Co.,  .Me.,  April  20,  1S03, 
and  is  the  son  of  Peletj  (iardner,  deceasetl.  lie  went  to  Boston, 
Mass.,  in  1>>*J4,  where  he  remaine<l  for  II  years,  workin;:  at  the 
carpenter's  trade.  He  was  married  in  Boston  July  Hi,  I^iffl,  t»j 
Cari>liiJe  llnlchinson,  hy  whoni  he  had  4  ehildren,  all  of  whonj  are 
dead.  He  aime  to  (iriggsville  in  ls35,  where  lie  pursued  his  pro- 
fession for  st'veral  years.  Mrs.  (tar<iner  «Iied  in  ls50  atid  the  year 
f(»Ih>win:;  Mr.  (tardner  marri«'d  Maria  .1.  FieMin;;,  who  <lieil  Mav 
14,  1>.')3.  S<'pt.  4th  of  the  same  year  he  was  nnirrie*!  tt)  Kli/abeth 
C.  B:u!in.  After  toilini^  many  years  in  improving  the  town  ot 
Griggsville  Mr.  Gardner  ha«i  a  stroke  of  paralysis  which  has 
rendered  him  a  j>ermanent  invalid. 

Jacob  iioUltH'iti  is  a  native  <»f  Clark  count}',  Ky.,  where  he  was 
born  Oct.  15,  1S1»».  When  but  13  years  of  age  he  came  to  Pike 
county  with  his  parents,  who  settled  on  sec.  23,  Griggsville  tp., 
where  he  has  resi(le<l  since  that  time.  He  has  enjoyed  many  a  deer 
an«l  Wolf  hunt.  Once  he  saw  'M\  deer  in  one  herd,  and  at  one  time 
killed  '.•  wolves.  He  saw  the  tirst  steam-lxMit  that  jdied  the  Illinois 
river  and  knows  all  abou^  grubbifigand  jdcking  brush,  rolling  logs, 
etc.;  antl  after  working  hard  all  day  he  would  grind  corn  in  a  hand- 
mill  until  y  or  10  o'clock  at  night,  to  procure  bread  for  the  foli(»w- 
ing  day.  They  used  harness  and  single  and  double  trees  (tf  their 
own  manufacture,  which  were  made  of  hickory  bark,  corn  "  shncks  " 
and  ]>oles.  Mr.  Goldman  helped  to  raise  the  first  house  in  Pitts- 
ticltl  and  hewed  the  tirst  timber  that  was  nse<I  for  building  jmrposes 
in  Griggsville.  lie  has  been  chased  by  wolves  when  l»ringing 
home  his  game  oti  old  "  Blaze,"  but  his  faithful  dog  "  Tiger  "  was 
ever  on  the  alert,  and  would  invariably  drive  them  away.  He  has 
been  married  twice,  the  first  time  to  Bethlehem  Waue,  and  the 
second  time  to  Otelia  Jaritzs.  who  crossed  the  ocean  in  1834.     Mr. 


HISTOKV    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  541 

Goldman  is  the  father  of  12  children,  of  whom  Sare  livini^, — Josiah, 
Newton  B.,  Ellen  H.,  Hardin  II.,  Emma  J.,  Melvin,  Elizabeth  and 
Victoria.      He  is  engaiijed  in  farniinp^  on  sec.  34,  (Trigi^sville  tp. 

Alfred  Oordon.,  a  pioneer  of  Pike  connty,  was  born  in  Hillsburo 
Co.,  N.  H.,  Nov.  4.  1794;  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  educated  in 
the  common  scliools.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1836  and  settled 
in  Grigocsville  tj).  In  1843  he  ])urcliased  a  farm  on  sec.  16  of  tliis 
tp.,  where  he  still  i-esides.  He  was  married  in  ]\[arch,  1824,  to 
Mary  D.  Jones,  by  whom  he  had  5  children, — Alfred  A.,  Nathan- 
iel IL,  Moses,  Mary  A.  and  Geo.  Washington,  all  of  wliom  are 
dead  except  George,  who  resides  with  his  father  and  attends  to  the 
farm.  In  1857  George  was  married  to  Ellen  Smith,  daughter  of 
John  Smith,  deceased,  an  early  settler  of  Pike  county.  They  have 
had  4  children,  3  of  whom  are  living, — Charley,  Willie  and  Nellie. 
The  two  latter  are  twins.  Mrs.  Alfred  Gordon  died  April  24,  1867. 
Our  subject  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  under  Gen.  Dear- 
born, and  endured  unusual  hardships  and  privations.  He  has  been 
a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  for  over  47  years  and  has  held 
many  offices  of  trust.  In  N.  H.  he  was  Overseer  of  the  Poor  and 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  of  that  State  for  4  successive 
terms.  He  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Treasurer  of  the  school 
fund  in  Pike  Co.;  is  also  a  surveyor,  which  business  he  has  pur- 
sued more  or  less.  In  the  vear  1842  he  taus^ht  school  in  Grio-ors- 
ville. 

Daniel  B.  Griffin  was  born  in  Pike  Co.,  Oct.  17, 1839,  and  is 
the  son  of  Lorenzo  D.  Griffin,  deceased.  He  was  married  in  I860' 
to  Mary  E.  Baker,  and  they  had  one  child.  Mrs.  Griffin  and  child 
both  died  in  1862,  of  the  small-pox,  as  also  did  Mr.  G.'s  father. 
In  1864  he  again  married,  this  time  Sarah  A.  Fowler,  and  they  had 
6  children,  of  whom  3  are  living, — Lizzie,  Riley  and  Noley,  Mr, 
Griffin  is  an  engineer  by  profession,  but  is  now  engaged  in  pack- 
ing and  shipping  flour  with  McMahan  c'c  Co. 

M.  I{ainsfti7'ther,  merchant,  Griggsville,  is  a  native  of  Germany; 
came  to  America  in  1853  and  located  in  Winchester,  Scott  Co.,  111., 
and  engaged  in  the  dry  goods  business;  also  clothing,  boots  and 
shoes.  He  located  in  Griggsville  in  1860,  where  he  followed  the 
same  business.  He  carries  a  stock  of  about  $18,000,  and  has  a  large 
trade.  He  commenced  business  by  peddling  over  the  country, 
carrying  his  goods  on  his  back.  He  was  married  in  1863  to  Re- 
becca Cohn,  and  they  have  had  6  children,  5  of  whom  are  living, — 
Millie,  Nathan,  Bessie,  Harry  and  Lusettie. 

Aiel  Harrington  was  born  in  Albany  county,  N.  Y,,  Feb.  20, 
1824,  and  is  a  son  of  the  late  Judge  Harrington,  so  well  known  in 
the  pioneer  history  of  this  county.  Our  subject  came  to  this  county 
with  his  parents  in  1835,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  was  mar- 
ried Feb.  7,  1847,  to  Eliza  J.  Sheeley,  daughter  of  Abel  and  Mar}- 
A.  Sheeley,  well  known  in  the  history  of  this  and  Morgan  counties. 
She  was  born  in  Naples,  Scott  Co.,  in  1825.  Mr.  H.'s  mother-in- 
law,  Mrs.  Mary  A.  (Kenneyj  Sheeley,  was  born  in   Lancaster,  Pa., 


542  HISTORY  OF  pike  county. 

May  16,  1801 ;  she  caine  to  what  is  now  Scott  county  in  1821,  and 
to  this  county  in  1821».  She  was  niarrieil  in  Feb.,  1819,  to  John 
lloUins,  Thuy  hail  two  chiMren.  Mr.  Ilollins  died  in  1S22,  and 
in  1824  his  widow  nmrrifd  Ahel  Slu'lley.  They  had  9  children,  4 
of  wliom  are  living.  Mr.  Harrington  resides  on  ftec  2;  P.  <V, 
Grigi;svilU'. 

Clmrle^  II<inun(jt(>n,  deceased.  .Judge  Charles  Harrington  waa 
born  in  that  part  of  Grafton,  Mass.,  known  as  New  Enghmd  vil- 
lage, in  1795;  in  1811  he  went  14^)  Rodman,  N.  Y.,  whore  he 
reinainetl  three  years,  cngnging  in  tlu*  wook-n  biisiness;  his  factory, 
with  two  others,  was  burne<i.  it  is  su|ijK»tied,  by  a  ji'ah»us  Camnlian; 
he  then  taught  wihool  for  a  time  and  located  in  (iuilderland,  N.  V., 
where  he  forme<I  a  partnership  with  Charles  Mason  in  the  manu- 
facture of  Woolen  giMHls;  he  reniainetl  there  until  1M^5,  when  ho 
came  to  (iriggsville  and  oditinui'd  his  resitlenee  in  Pike  county 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  Aug.  15,  1^7iJ.  Ue  wa«  a  worthy 
member  of  the  Haptist  Church  f«»r  47  years,  and  an  onlaine<1  min- 
ister for  29  years.  He  was  cjille«l  to  the  itast(»ral  charge  «»f  the 
Perry  Pc  '  -'  Church,  where  he  reniainetl  lor  several  years.  Upon 
the  orgii  u  of  the  Quincy  liaptist  Assin-iation  in  l>4.'l,  hewaa 

elected  Moilerator,  and  held  the  iM>sition  for  11  vears.  In  1>50  he 
wiu<  1  :  Countv  .Iu«l;re  for   like  countv.      He  was  ever  a  boM, 

fearit  *   •;  of  th» •  *■    *"  •'••■:< -lee,  truth  and  nn»rality. 

His  <  t-ause  .  .        '  '  '^  y*»»>"^  nnin,  as  well 

as  his  activity  and  zeal  in  religi«(us  meetings  after  ho  nnide  a  ]>ro- 
fession  of  religion,  led  the  Church  in  Schenectady,  of  which  he  was 
first  a  meinlMT,  to  8tk»  his  aptness  to  teach,  an<l  they  granted  him 
license  to  preach.  He  wji>  a  very  lorcilile,  c<»nvincing  sjKaker,  but 
never  dependeti  ujKin  preaching  for  a  supp(»rt.  He  8up)died  many 
w«'ak  ami  tlestitute  churches  at  diflerent  tinif. 

Charges  W.  IIan>  '  was  Kirn  in  (trigg>ville  tj».  l)ec.  14, 
lN.')2,  and  is  the  son  <■.  ...  late  Sjimuel  Harrington,  an  early  pio- 
neer. He  was  raised  <»n  a  farm  and  educated  in  the  common 
schools;  wasmarrii>d  in  Aug.,  1.^75,  to  Anna,  daughter  of  Christian 
Hoss,'of  (iriggsville  tp.  Tiiey  have  had  3  children. — Mattie.  KIlis 
and  Fivddie.  Mr.  H.  is  engjiged  in  fanv'"  '  did  owns  >>(»  acres  ot 
valuable  land  i»n  sees.  11  and  12,  (ij  ,  ,  e  tp.  In  1^74  he 
took  a  tour  through  Kansas  and  Missouri,  and  returned  the  same 
year. 

Geo.  P.  llan^ingt'-Hy  >oii  ..,  Judge  Harrington,  was  Ixjrn  in 
Griggsville  tp.,  sec.  1.,  on  the  tarni  where  he  now  resides.  July  17, 
1839.  Judge  Harrington,  a  native  of  Grafton,  Mass.,  was  born 
Nov.  17,  1795;  was  marrietl  Jan.  9,  1S23.  to  Hannah  Scranton,  by 
whom  he  had  6  children, — Abel,  Samuel.  Daniel.  James,  Abbie  and 
George  P..  who  is  the  youngest.  Mrs.  Harrington  was  born  in 
Stophentown,  Rensellaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.,  1801,  and  died  Oct.  25, 
\-  ( )ur  subject  was  marrietl  Jan.  26,  1867,  to  Louisa,  daughter 

01  Lut-uezor  C.  Maddux,  deceaseil.  They  had  6  cliildren,  of  whom 
4  are  living, — Bertha,  Jennie,  Hannah  and  l^uisa.     Mrs.  Ilarring- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  543 

ton  died  Dec.  18,  1879,  loved  and  respected  b}-  all.  She  was  born 
in  Ilaniilton  Co.,  O.,  June  20,  1848.  In  1868  the  family  removed 
to  Kansas,  where  Mrs.  II.  was  attacked  with  chills,  from  which  she 
never  recovered.  The  fullowinc^  )'ear  they  retuined  to  Pike  county. 
The  Indapendent  Press^  of  Griggsville,  contained  the  following 
obituary  notice  Dec.  25,  1879: 

"  Loving  hearts  are  doomed  to  sorrow, 
Trusting  souls  to  pine  and  die ; 
Beauteous  flowers  bloom  and  perish 
'Neath  the  hot  and  burning  sky. 

"Then,  if  all  in  life  is  fleeting, 
If  on  earth  no  joy  is  given, 
Let  us  seek  for  rest  unchanging, 
In  the  Christian's  home  in  heaven." 

Samuel  M.  Hai^rington  was  born  in  Albany  Co.,  ^'.  Y.,  April 
19,  1827,  and  is  a  son  of  the  late  Judge  Harrington.  He  came  to 
this  county  with  his  parents  in  1835.  He  was  married  in  1848  to 
Charity  Elledge,  daughter  of  William  and  Tabitha  Elledge;  they 
have  had  4  children,  of  whom  3  are  living, — Sarah  A.,  Charles  "W. 
and  Ada  Belle.  Mr.  H.  spent  one  year  in  Colorado  during  the 
gold  excitement.  His  grandfather,  Samuel  Harrington,  was  born 
in  Grafton,  Mass.,  Aug.  13,  1769,  and  his  grandmother  was  Abigail 
Putnam,  a  relative  of  Gen.  Israel  Putnam,  renowned  in  the  war  of 
the  Revolution.  Mr.  H.  was  a  member  of  the  IT.  B.  Church.  He 
died  June  24,  1875.  If  we  should  attempt  to  enumerate  his  many 
virtues  we  should  fill  pages  of  history. 

Ferry  Harshman  was  born  in  Preble  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  13,  1842,  and 
is  the  son  of  Peter  Harshman,  now  of  Griggsville  tp.  He  came 
with  his  parents  to  this  county  in  1852,  where  he  has  since  resided. 
He  now  lives  near  Griggsville,  and  is  engaged  in  general  farming 
and  owns  about  320  acres  of  land. 

Peter  HarsJiman,  son  of  Peter  Harshman,  sr.,  deceased,  was  born 
in  Preble  Co.,  O.,  in  1813.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  received 
a  limited  education  in  a  subscription  school.  He  was  married  in 
1^36  to  Susannah  Slierer,  daughter  of  Daniel  and  Catharine  Sherer, 
deceased,  and  a  sister  of  Dr.  D.  J.  Sherer,  of  Grandview,  Edgar 
Co.,  111.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harshman  have  had  10  children,  of  whom 
6  are  living, — Noah  L.,  Perry,  Eli,  Rachel  Ann  and  Daniel.  They 
removed  to  this  count}'  in  1852  and  settled  in  Pittsfield  tp..  where 
they  resided  until  the  spring  of  1869,  whenjthey 'removed  to  Griggs- 
ville tp.  and  settled  on  sec.  11,  Mr.  H.  and  his  son  Noah  are  now 
traveling  in  AVashington  Territory  and  the  "West.  He  has  always 
been  engaged  in  farming.  Mrs.  Ilarshman's  father  was  in  the 
war  of  1812,  and  was  one  of  the  soldiers  of  Hull's  army  that  sur- 
rendered at  the  siege  of  Detroit. 

Dr.  L.  J.  Harvey  was  born  in  AVarner,  N.  H.,  Oct.  6,  1851; 
had  an  academical  education;  came  to  Griggsville  in  1872  and  read 
medicine  under  the  late  Dr.  AVilson:  attended  Bellevue  Hospital 


544  IIJSTOKY    OK    riKK    COINTY. 

MtHliciil  ('olle^,  of  New  York  city,  and  also  the  St.  I^uis  Mi'dioal 
Collep',  where  he  graduated  in  1S75;  after  spendiiii;  a  few  inontiis 
in  the  city  hospital  tlicre  he  located  in  Ciri<r:,'svine.  when-  lie  has  a 
hir^e  practiee  In  May,  l^'TO,  he  njarrie<l  IJilhi  Kenney,  daughter 
of  Clmrles  Kenuey,  of  (Tri^j^sville,  and  they  liave  one  little  hoy, 
Ini  K. 

J'htnk  Ilatcfi  was  horn  in  llillshoro  Co.,  N.  11.,  March  21, 
r*^2."),  and  is  a  son  of  Keuhen  Hatch  ^^deceasud ),  wht»  was  also  a 
native  of  New  Ilunip^hire.  He  was  reareti  and  edncated  for  the 
most  part,  in  (Trig^sville,  having  come  to  this  place  with  his 
])arent.s  in  Is30.  He  was  married  Nov.  30,  Is52,  to  Kehecca  lien- 
nett,  dani^hter  of  i>inieon  Hennelt  ^^tleceased).  Tiiey  have  3  chil- 
dren,— Charles  P.,  Celia  .1.  and  Marshall  P.  Mr.  Hatch  has  seen 
the  rou^h  jdaces  nnide  smooth,  and  the  vacant  prairies  of  Piko 
county  mutle  into  valnahle  farms.  He  resides  on  sec.  H5,  (tri<;<^s- 
ville  tj).,  where  he  is  enj^i^ed  in  fnrmin^  and  stock-raising, 
milking  the  latter  a  s|K'cialty. 

Isaitc  A.  Ilatrh,  banker,  w»ui  b<»rn  in  Hillslioru,  N.  H.,  Sept.  13, 
1^I2•,  aime  t«»  (Jrigjfsville  in  ls,3.'),  wliere  ho  still  resides;  lias  fol- 
lowed farming,  milling,  c«»llecting  revenue,  merchandising  atid 
hanking  in  this  county;  is  now  in  the  hist  named  husiness.  Oc- 
t*)ber,  1n4<>,  he  marrie*!  Lytiia  li.,  sister  of  Moses  E.  liaxter,  of 
Griifgsville.     Tlieir  2  children  are  Ahhiu  A.  and  John  Franklin. 

Muson  Ilitch  V  in  in   this  township  Aj)ril  2<»,  l^l<^  Mtn  of 

Sylvanus  Hatch.  ■•  .  cd;  the  latter  was  Ixirn  in  Hillshoro,  N.  H., 
in  1>1G;  was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  and  died  March  17,  ls6S. 
Mas«Mi  was  e<lucnteii  in  the  State  I'nivcrsity  at  Hloomington,  III., 
and  has  taught  school  moht  of  the  timu  for  8  years,  but  is  now 
farming  on  the  old  home  place,  sec.  1». 

Jitrob  Iltudrirk'Jt  was  Imrn  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  March  22,  1^31, 
and  is  a  son  of  Andrew  Hendricks,  of  Adams  Co.,  III.  He  wad 
^ai^ed  on  a  farm,  ami  receive<l  a  comm<»n-school  education;  was 
marrietl  An  v  •'^.  l^.'*^,  t«»  Nancy  .M.  l^•hison,  <laughtcr  of  William 
lu»ltison,  »!•  i.  who  brought  his  family  to  thi."  C4»unty  in  1^47. 

Mr.  antl  Mrs.  Hendricks  have  had  10  children,  of  whoni  7  are  liv- 
ing,—  Leah  .!..  William  U..  Mary  E.,  Andrew  (?.,  Laura  ().,  Estella 
E.,  and  Charles  It.  Mr.  Hendricks  is  a  farmer,  but  is  now  engaged 
in  the  graiin  and  stock  l»usiiK>s  at  .Maysville. 

Oeorge  D.  Jlensell  was  born  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  March  23, 
1S54,  son  <»f  Uoln-Tt  Ilensell,  now  of  Griggsville  ;  when  our  sub- 
Vet  was  one  year  old  the  family  em igrate<l  to  ( iriggsville,  where 
le  was  eduaited.  For  3  years  he  has  been  teachiii;:.  and  is  now 
teaching  his  second  term  in  Middle  Flint  district,  Flint  tp.,  where 
the  growing  prosperity  of  his  school  sufficiently  attests  his  (qualifi- 
cations. June  12,  1>7n,  he  married  Nellie  Cover,  daughter  of 
Daniel  Cover,  sr.,  of  Griggsville. 

John  W.  Hemell  was  born  in  Portland,  Jetferson  Co.,  O.,  Aug. 
8,  ls4)S,  son  of  Robert  L.,  of  Griggsville  ;  he  has  lived  on  a  farm 
since  10  years  old,  and  now  resides  ou  sec.  26,  Griggsville  tp.;  the 


I 


HISTORY    OF    PIKP:    COUNTY.  545 

emigration  of  his  ])eople  to  this  county  was  in  1S55.  He  was  mar- 
ried Oct.  2S,  ls69,  to  Mary  J.  AVartoii,  daughter  of  Wm.  Warton, 
deceased,  so  well  known  in  the  early  settlement  of  Pike  county  ; 
and  they  have  4  children, — Fred,  Delia  M.,  George  O.  and  Estella. 

Dr.  James  Montgomery  Jligg'nis,  youngest  .-^on  of  John  and 
Elizabeth  Higgins,  was  born  in  Montgomery  Co.,  Md.,  July  30, 
1808  ;  educated  chiefly  in  Ilockville,  Md.;  studied  medicine  in 
Washington,  D.  C;  graduated  in  the  medical  department  of  Colum- 
bia College  in  that  city  ]\[arch  1 1,  1S29,  and  has  followed  the  ])rac- 
tice  of  his  profession  ever  since, — over  half  a  century  now.  Jan. 
25,  1831,  he  married  Margaret  Davis  in  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  niece 
of  Gov.  Edward  Tittin,  first  Governor  of  Ohio  ;  in  the  following 
spring  he  emigrated  to  Jacksonville,  111.,  and  in  Xov.,  1834,  he 
removed  with  his  wife  and  iiifant  child  to  Griggsville,  this  county, 
where  physicians  were  scarcer  than  in  Jacksonville  ;  in  1846  he 
was  elected  Representative  to  the  State  Legislature  ;  in  1848  he 
was  elected  Medical  Superintendent  of  the  Illinois  State  Hospital 
for  the  Insane  at  Jacksonville,  where  he  superintended  the  building 
of  the  original  liosj)ital,  at  a  cost  surpi'isingly  low,  as  attested  by  a 
Legislative  commission  ;  he  opened  the  institution  in  the  fall  of 
1851,  and  conducted  it  with  great  acceptability  until  the  summer 
of  1854,  when  he  returned  to  Griggsville,  where  he  has  practiced 
ever  since  except  in  lbG2-3,  when  he  was  Surgeon  of  the  114th 
Reg.  111.  Vol. 

Besides  an  infant  son  that  died  in  Jacksonville  in  1832,  fehe  Doc- 
tor and  his  wife  have  had  6  children,  as  follows  :  Isaac  JXewton, 
James  M.,  Edward  Tiffin,  Mar}'  E.,  Drusilla  C.  and  Lizzie  M., — all 
living  except  the  eldest  daughter,  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Jones.  Isaac  N. 
studied  and  graduated  in  medicine,  but  has  followed  journalism  up 
to  the  ])resent  time.  In  company  with  his  brother  James  M.,  he 
published  the  Pike  County  Union,  the  flrst  newspaper  in  Griggs- 
ville, and  which  was  afterward  transferred  to  Pittsfield  ;  subse- 
quently he  became  editor-in-chief  of  the  Illinois  State  Register 
at  Springfield,  and  after  several  years  he  became  managing  editor 
of  the  Chicago  liejyubliran,  and  for  10  years  ])ast  has  occupied  that 
relation  to  the  San  Francisco  Morning  Call,  a  daily  pa])er  of 
45,000  circulation.  James  M.,  jr.,  a  practical  printer,  has  been 
connected  with  the  Illinois  State  Register  in  various  relations,  a 
part  of  the  time  one  of  its  editors.  Edward  T.  holds  an  important 
position  in  the  W.  U.  Telegraph  office  at  Chicago.  Mar}-  E.  mar- 
ried J.  Howard  Jones  in  1861,  and  died  Aug.  0,  1874,  in  Chicago, 
leaving  2  sons  and  an  infant  daughter.  Drusilla  C.  became  the 
second  wife  of  Mr.  Jones  on  the  Christmas  of  1878,  and  they 
reside  in  Chicago.  Lizzie  M.  is  a  teacher  in  the  public  schools  of 
Griggsville. 

Edwin  Hitch,  deceased,  was  born  Sept.  25,  1843,  in  Adams 
county.  111.;  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Perry,  this  county,  and 
was  raised  on  a  farm.  He  engaged  in  buying  and  ship))ing  stock 
for  several  years;  was   married   Jan.   22,  1867,  to  Mary  Sim])kin, 


540  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    CODNTY. 

dauiilitor  <»t'  Thomas  Siiiipkin,  deceased.  They  had  4  boys — Edwin 
L.,  Thomas  S.,  liiifus  and  Iv(»y  ^[.  Mr.  llitoli  was  a  worthy  citi- 
zen and    hi;rhlv  esteemed,      lie  died   Jan.  'Jl>.  1S77,  in  (iri'''r.sville. 

Prof.  R.  M.  Hitch  is  Principal  of  the  Ili^h  School  at  Gri^^B- 
ville.  Tiiis  dejiartment  is  in  excellent  running  order;  everything 
raoves  on  with  the  system  and  regularity  of  clock-work,  and  the 
])est  of  order  j»revails.  Save  one  or  two  e.\ce{)tions,  the  l»est  series 
of  text  lH)oks  is  used.  Miss  Ahhie  Hatch,  Assistant,  Miss  I..  E. 
('amphell.  Teacher  of  (traminar  School. 

C*tpt.  B.  B.  Hopkins  was  horn  in  London.  England,  Jan.  'J, 
183S,  iind  is  a  st»n  of  Rol>ert  IIt»pkins,  decease<l;  came  to  America 
wImmi  lint  14  years  old,  arriving  at  (Jriggsville  Landing,  Dec.  9, 
lsr>J;  sj»ent  a  year  crossing  and  re-crossing  the  Western  plains  as 
assistant  wagon-ma.ster  in  the  service  of  the  Government;  eidisted 
Sept.  5,  IsCL  as  a  private  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  (t,  5th  111.  (^av., 
nntler  ('aj>t.  John  \.  Harvey,  now  of  St.  Louis,  and  hrother  of  ex- 
(iovernor  ILirvcy,  of  Kansas.  Mr.  Hopkins  was  jtnunoteil  to  the 
Captaincy  of  his  Company  in  Decemlxir,  lsr»2;  he  resigned  his  com- 
mission in  the  army  in  July,  l^^(>4,  on  accountof  disahility.  Hehas 
been  enguge.l  in  raising  shorthornetl  thorough-l>re<l  cattle  and 
CotswoUl  sheep  since  ISO').  He  wjls  nuirried  Nov,  15,  1^04,  to 
Ann,  second  daughter  of  Thomas  Simpkin,  deceased,  known  as  the 
"land  king"  o\'  Pike  county.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hopkins  have  5 
children. 

John  Jfonjiton  was  lH>rn  in  1*^17,  in  HillslM>ro,  N.  IL,  ami  is  the 
Bonof  JtJin  Houst^m,  dreeased.  Ilecame  to  Illinois  in  ls;i7,andset- 
tled  in  (Jriggsville  tp.:  his  brother  William  preceded  iiim  2  years. 
Mr.  Houston  returned  t«^»N.  II.  in  1^4'),  and  remained  then^  until 
1S43,  when  he  return»'<i  t«i  Illinois.  Ijj  l.s47  he  again  went  to  N.  11., 
an<l  was  marrioil  to  Mary  Lane.  They  had  ^  children,  (d"  whom 
4  are  living — Lavica,  Samuel,  Frederick  and  Alice.  Mr.  II.  has 
been  a  successful  brick  and  stone  mason,  and  is  also  an  excellent 
plasterer,  but  does  not  f«dlow  this  as  a  bu-"  In  Is5*^,  he  was 

eiecte  1  Shoritrof   Pike  Ciuntv,  in    which   i  •  v  he  .served   for   2 

years. 

Eiirtirtl  S.  lloyt;  P.  O.,  Griggsville;  was  l>orn  in  this  town 
Feb.  2'i,  184»5;  receive<l  a  common-school  e<lucation  in  (Jriggsville, 
and  is  also  a  gradinite  of  the  Jones  Commercial  College,  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  followed  boating  on  the  Illinois  river  for  seven  years,  and 
now  has  charge  of  the  warehouse  at  Griggsville  Lnnding.  In  the 
wintrr  season  he  engages  with  his  father  in  the  jiacking  of  pork  in 
Griggsville  He  was  married  in  November,  l^Gli,  to  Emily, 
daughter  of  the  j)opular  Capt.  Samuel  Rider,  of  this  county.  They 
have  13  children  —  Herbert,  Clara  and  Mary  A. 

Arimld  Hughes,  .son  of  Elliott  and  Jane  S.  Hughes,  was  born  in 
DanvilU',  Montgomery  Co.,  Mo.     He  is  a  grandson  of  Col.  Thos- 
Hughes, of  Paris.  Ivy.;  his  mother  wa.s  the  eldest  daughter  ol  John 
K.  McConnell,  of  Lexington,  Ivy.     In  1>»3S  his  parents  removed  to 
MontiTomerv    countv.  M<t. .  within   a   few  miles  of  wher6   Daniel 


sriggsville:  tp 


HISTOKT   OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  649 

Boone  lived  and  died.  Our  subject  served  an  apprenticesliip  at 
the  printer's  trade  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  and  from  there  went  un  a 
"tour,"  working  at  St.  Paul,  Omaha,  St.  Joe,  Kansas  City,  St. 
Louis,  Jackson,  etc.  In  Shelby  county,  111.,  he  edited  one 
of  the  best  country  papers  in  the  State.  lie  is  editor  of  the  "  In- 
dependent PressP  published  weekly  at  Griggsville,  by  Hughes  & 
Nelson.  These  enterprising  young  men  wield  an  influence  that 
will  make  their  paper  a  success.  Mr.  Hughes  was  married  Sept.  26, 
1878,  to  Miss  E.  D.  Hudson. 

Henry  L.  Hurt  was  born  in  Madison  Co. ,  Va.,  Aug.  21,  3  825. 
His  ancestry  settled  in  King  and  Queen  Co.,  Va.,  about  two  centu- 
ries ago.  Mr.  H.  came  to  Pike  county  in  the  fall  of  1856,  and 
settled  in  Griy:gsville,  where  he  now  resides,  S.  E.  corner  of  Cory 
and  Washington  sts.  He  is  a  miller  by  occupation,  but  he  retired 
from  tliat  business  some  years  ago.  In  politics  he  has  always  been 
independent,  but  since  the  formation  of  the  Republican  party  he 
has  generally  voted  with  that  party.  In  religion  he  is  a  Baptist, 
and  has  advocated  the  cause  of  temperance  from  boyhood,  claiming 
to  have  had  strictly  temperance  parents  that  set  an  example  he  has 
tried  to  follow.  His  first  marriage  ^vas  in  Culpepper  Co.,  Ya.,  Jan. 
5,  1854,  with  Elmira  Smith,  who  died  of  consumption  Jan.  9,1870. 
She  was  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church.  His  second  marriage 
was  in  Grigorsville,  Feb.  15,  1871,  Avith  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the 
late  John  0.  Shaw,  who  came  to  Pike  county  when  there  were  only 
about  3  houses  between  Griggsville  and  the  Illinois  river.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Hurt  have  no  children,  but  have  adopted  2  nieces.  Amy 
and  Emma  Copson,  whom  they  are  trying  to  educate.  '"Mrs.  H.  is  a 
member  of  the  Baptist  Church.  John  C.  Shaw  was  born  in  Attle- 
boro,  near  Xun  Eaton,  Warwickshire,  England,  March  12,  1796. 
His  father,  Josiah  Shaw,  acquired  considerable  wealth  and  was  for 
many  years  engaged  in  ribbon  manufacture.  His  mother's  maiden 
name  was  Ann  Clark.  In  1819  he  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Towe, 
and  after  carrying  on  the  brick-making  and  building  business  for  a 
number  of  years  in  his  native  place,  he  emigrated  to  America  in 
1829,  and  settled  in  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  following  farming. 
'  After  remaining  there  about  3  years  he  removed  to  Illinois,  and 
settled  on  sec.  13,  Griggsville  tp.,  Sept.,  1833,  where  he  resided 
until  his  death.  In  1840  he  built  a  flouring-mill,  also  a  saw-mill, 
on  Flint  creek.  A  few  years  later  he  removed  the  mills  to  Griggs- 
ville Landing,  on  the  Illinois  river.  After  a  few  years  he  again 
commenced  farming,  which  he  followed  until  the  infirmities  of  age 
caused  him  to  retire  from  active  life.  He  and  his  wife  both  united 
•with  the  Baptist  Church  in  Griggsville.  They  raised  9  children, 
3  sons  and  6  daufjliters. 

Samuel  HutcJdnson^  inventor  and  manufacturer  of  Hutchin- 
son's adjustable  harrow,  was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1813;  came 
to  Pike  Co.  in  1834,  landing  here  with  less  than  $5.00  in  his  pocket. 
He  is  a  mechanic,  and  has  helped  to  erect  a  great  many  houses  in 
Griggsville.     He  was  married  in  1838  to  Laura  Bachelor,  and  they 


550  nisTouv  of  imkk  cointy. 

had  5  cliiMren,  3  i)t"  whom  are  living,  lie  was  aj^aiu  married  in 
1855,  tliis  time  to  Jane  A.  Ivlwards,  He  was  married  a  third  time 
to  Sarali  Vl.  Juliet^,  and    ihev  had  4  children,  'J  «tt'  wiiom  are  livin<r. 

.1.  J.  /vev*  was  ln»rn  in  (.'ana<hi,  .luly  ll>,  1S50;  came  to  Illinoift 
in  1869;  was  etlucated  in  the  Weslevan  University  at  Hhutm- 
in<;toti;  heiran  teaching  in  1873.  His  lather  was  a  farmer.  .Mr, 
Ives  came  to  Pike  Co.  in  1>70;  was  marrieil  to  l^•^ella  Kenedy, 
J-idy  1!»,  1873.     Tliey  have  one  chihJ,  Ehner  K. 

jjavid  JetiAtn-n,  a  native  oJ*  Clermont  Co.,  ().,  wa*»  horn  Dec.  15, 
1S41;  was  r<lucated  in  the  common  Rcht)ol6  ot"  Ohi«t,  and  e.ime  to 
Illinois  with  his  |)arents  in  1^5.'^  remaining  in  Altona,  Kno.x  Co., 
until  the  spring  of  1^57,  when  tliev  removed  to  Pike  Co.,  where 
they  still  resitie.  He  was  married  .luly  '2<»,  Is72,  to  Ede  A.  Elder, 
datighter  of  William  and  Plneln*  Elder,  deceased.  They  have  had  1 
little  girl.  Anna.  .Mr.  Jenkins  is  engaged  in  faruung,  and  resides 
on  sec.  25,  (iriu'gsville  township.  He  served  in  Co.  I,  33d  lieg't, 
111.  Vol.,  iti  the  Ilc'lteilion  for  4  years  and  3  montiis,  partici- 
pating in  several  hattles.  His  father,  J«»beph  W.  Jenkins,  was  iK.rn 
in  Gloucester  Co.,  N.  .1.,  March  'J,  1800,  ami  w.-  raise«i  on  a  farm; 
wjus  lironght  to  (Mermont  Co.,  (^.,  hy  his  )iaren'»  in  1>«K»;  was  mar- 
ried in  li<41  to  Stihaninih  Fisher,  hy  whom  h<-  iiad  3  children, — 
Catluirine.  Mary  A.  ami  David.  He  is  a  saddler  ami  hari' 
makiT  by  trade,  at  which  he  has  worked  most  of  the  time  dm m- 
his  life.      Mr.  and  .Mrs.  Jenkins  now  reside  with   their  son    David. 

Nath'tn  W.  Joiies^  one  of  the  founders  of  Griggsville,  was  lH>rji 
in  Worcester  Co.,  Mass.,  April  27,  1803;  emigrated  in  1830  to 
Jacksonville,  HI.,  where  he  ^^•rved  as  Steward  ot'  the  Illinois  (col- 
lege for  «tne  year;  in  the  winter  of  1831  he  returned  East,  hy  way 
of  New  Orleans  and  New  York,  oti  account  of  high  water,  and  in 
the  spring  ho  brought  his  family  to  Jacksonville;  and  in  1833  he 
came  to  this  jH»int,  where  he  bought  a  piece  <»f  land  aiul  heljM-d  to 
lay  *>ut  the  town  of  (iriggsville,  and  suggeste*!  the  name  «»f  the 
town.  He  built  the  first  frame  house  in  Ciriggbville,  which  still 
stands.  At  first  he  wai*  a  farmer  for  a  numlier  of  years,  and  since 
has  followed  merchandising,  etc.  In  company  with  Joshua  R. 
Stanford  h#  kept  the  first  store  in  (triggsvillc,  taking  in  trade 
the  first  year  (1S33)  5>  bear-skins,  from  Inrars  killed  within  10 
miles  of  town.  He  owne<l  the  wareiiouses  at  (iriggsville  Landing 
for  a  number  of  years,  and  was  an  extensive  grain  merchant,  l»eing 
the  first  who  ])ai<l  cash  for  grain  in  this  townsliij).  He  and  Mr. 
Winn  cut  the  first  harvest  in  this  township  without  liouor.  Mr. 
Jones^  ancestry  are  of  New  England  stock,  and  ot  English  origin. 
They  are  referred  to  in  IJancroft's  History  of  the  United  States. 
In  1S23  Mr.  Jones  married  Hannah  P.  Glazier,  and  their  s  chil- 
dren are:  Sarah,  now  wid<»w  of  James  II.  Chase,  liutfalo,  N,  Y.; 
George  W.,  Clerk  of  Appellate  Court  at  Springfiehl,  and  formerly 
Circuit  Clerk  of  Pike  Co.;  John  W.,  deceased;  William  H.,  who 
died  in  California  in  1851,  in  his  20th  year;  John  II.,  Ct'ufidential 
Clerk    of    the    Grain    In6j>ector    of   Chicago,    formerlv    A^sistant 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  551 

Treasurer  of  Illinois;  Lucy  T.  and  Henrietta  II.,  deceased;  and 
Charles  W.,  bookkeeper  in  Grigi^sville.  Mr.  Jones'  portrait  is  «^iven 
in  this  volume. 

S.  M.  Kenned;/ WAQ  \'»OYn  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  12,1845; 
moved  to  Pike  county  in  185S,  where  he  has  since  resided;  is  chief 
engineer  in  the  Pike  Mills,  of  Griggsville.  lie  was  married  in 
1870  to  Harriet  Baldwin,  by  whom  he  has  had  3  children, — Willy, 
Nellie  and  Mervyn  Rhea.  He  served  4  months  in  Co.  H,  137th  I. 
V.  I.,  in  the  late  war,  and  assisted  in  opposing  Forest's  raid  on 
Memphis. 

Kenney  <&  Clark,  the  largest  firm  in  Griggsville,  established 
themselves  in  general  merchandising  in  1864,  succeeding  Mr. 
Charles  Kenney.  They  carry  a  general  stock  of  dry  goods,  cloth- 
ing, boots  and  shoes,  groceries,  queensware,  hats  and  caps,  carpets, 
etc.,  etc.,  amounting  to  a  stock  of  over  5^20,000.  Mr.  Clark's  father, 
John  Clark,  was  an  early  settler  in  Ogle  Co.,  111.,  having  located 
there  about  the  year  1830,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1857,  where 
lie  died  in  1872.     He  was  a  farmer  on  sec.  15,  Griggsville  tp. 

W.  E.  Kneeland  is  a  native  of  Griggsville,  and  was  educated  in 
the  union  schools  of  this  place.  He  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness in  March,  1879,  and  has  a  general  stock  of  dry  goods,  gro- 
ceries, boots  and  shoes.  His  trade  is  increasing,  and  he  carries  a 
stock  of  $3,500. 

John  Lasbury  was  born  in  Kensington,  near  London,  Eng.,  LSov. 
11,  1830,  and  was  educated  in  the  same  place.  He  learned  the 
butcher's  trade  when  quite  young,  and  came  to  America  in  1852  in 
a  sail-ship  :  was  10  weeks  coming  from  Liverpool  to  New  Orleans, 
and  3  weeks  from  New  Orleans  to  St.  Louis.  P'rom  St.  Louis  he 
walked  to  Griggsville  in  a  deep  snow,  a  distance  of  about  110  miles; 
this  he  accomplished  in  3  days'  time.  He  worked  for  the  late 
Robert  Allen,  of  Griggsville,  for  about  2  years  ;  was  the  first  butcher 
in  Griggsville:  supplied  Griggsville  and  Pittsfield  both  with  meat 
from  one  beef,  and  sometimes  would  have  some  left,  which  he  would 
take  to  Perry.  He  was  married  March  20,  1858,  to  Sarah  Simpkin, 
daughter  of  Thos.  Simpkin,  deceased.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lasbury  have 
5  children, — Mary,  Ann,  Elizabeth,  John  and  Vincent.  Mr.  L.  re- 
sides on  sec.  28,  Griggsville  tp.,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  and 
stock-raising.  He  has  some  fine  cattle,  and  he  brought  the  first 
long-wooled  sheej)  to  this  part  of  the  countiy.  These  sheep  were 
brought  from  Canada. 

James  B.  Lewis  is  a  native  of  Kentuckj^  and  was  born  Nov.  10, 
1835.  His  parents  brought  him  to  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  in  1837, 
and  to  Adams  Co.  in  1842.  He  was  educated  in  Quincy,  and  at 
the  age  of  15  was  a])prenticed  to  J.  C.  Periuird,  a  harness-nuiker  of 
that  place,  with  whom  he  remained  5^  3'ears.  He  located  in 
Griggsville  in  1865,  and  remained  here  17  months,  and  then  removed 
to  Alton,  where  he  resided  in  1858,  when  he  returned  to  Griggs- 
ville. He  was  married  in  Alton,  111.,  June  18,  1802,  to  C.  F.  Fer- 
guson, and  they  have  3  children, — Mary  H., Louise  E.  and  Maud  W. 


562  HISTORY  OF  riKE  county, 

Robert  M.  L(>vf  was  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  June  14,  ISIS,  jinJ 
is  a  son  of  Sunniel  jind  Lvdia  (Mor«;jin)  Love.  Tlie  t'ornier  is  de- 
cease<l,  the  latter  resides  in  Pittstield,  and  is  83  years  ol<i.  Mr. 
Love  has  cut,  split  and  hauled  wood  7  miles  tor  ♦>  "  hits"  a  cord, 
and  paid  $1.50  a  yard  for  Kentucky  jeans  to  make  himself  a  ])air  of 
pants,  lie  was  married  Oct.  3,  1841,  to  Mary  A..  »lau;:hter  of 
Charles  Tn»y,  deoease<l.  She  was  horn  .Ian.  5, 18i;4,  in  Morgan  Co., 
111.  Tlio  Troy  family  were  I)urned  out  by  the  Indians  and  they 
suftered  untold  j)rivations.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Love  had  10  children, — 
lleiirv  ('.,  deceasiil,  Charles  IC,  Lvdia  .1.,  .lerotne  (T.,(ieor^ia  Ann, 
Elean<ir,  Julia,  John  Iv,  Sjirah  K.  and  IIoIkmI  V.  Mr.  l^jve  liist 
settled  in  Perry  tp.,  but  for  30  years  has  resideil  on  sec.  17,  Gri;;<^- 
ville  tp.,  where  he  is  en^aj^ed  in  farminj;  and  stock-raising,  and  lie 
owns  inO  acres  t»f  land,  12<»  of  which  is  well  improved.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  M.  K.  l'hureh,as  also  are  Mrs.  Love  and  4  dauj'hters. 

Will.  E.  Lmllow  was  lM»rn  in  Gri«;<'sville  in  185s,  and  is  the  son 
ofliolwrt  McK.  Ludh»w,  flecx'ased.  Mr.  L.  is  a  partner  with  Mr. 
Frye  in  Frye's  th»urirjg'-mill.  lie  was  educated  in  the  schools  c)f 
Griirirsville.  His  father  was  accidcntallv  shot  and  killed  while  hunt- 
ing  in  Dec,  1S51>. 

Iltiiry  LynJt\  Kscj.,  was  l)orn  in  West  Hrooktield,  Mass.,  Nov. 
11,  1815;  was  educnte<l  in  Munson  .\cadcmy,  Hampden  ('•».,  Mass.; 
Clime  to  Alton,  III.,  Dec.  1,  183rt.  and  the  following  spring  engaged 
in  the  mereantile  business  in  (Jriggsvillc,  which  he  continued  tor 
4  years,  when  he  engaged  in  farming,  which  occupation  he  followed 
for  25  years  within  2  miles  of  Fast  Ciriggsville.  In  ls(is  he  rented 
Ills  fartn  :ind  retire*!  to  (triggsvillc,  where  he  still  resides,  and  is 
engjigeil  in  insurance  ami  real  estate  bu,>«iness.  lie  has  lilled  the 
oftice  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  since  1873,  and  is  also  a  Notary  Public; 
has  been  Township  Trustee  of  Schools  for  21  ct)n8ecutive  years  and 
luis  tille<l  other  «»thce8  t»f  trust.  He  was  married  Sept.  13,  1S38,  to 
Ann  C  Shaw,  daughter  i>f  .Ldm  C\  Shaw,  ileceased.  They  had  10 
children,  of  whom  ♦»  are  living. —  Marv  A.  (now  Mrs.  Samuel  Thack- 
wmy),  Sandj  J.  (now  Mrs.  H.  T.  Frits),  Hurton  (\,  H.  Ixivell  (^Mrs. 
Samuel  L.  Fiester'):  the  two  latter  reside  at  Whiting,  Kansas;  Nellie 
W^.  (ntiw  Mrs.  T.  A.  Hill,  of  (iriggsville),  and  Minnie  L.  Their  eld- 
est son  was  killed  during  the  Iiel>elli»)n;  their  eld«st  daughter,  Kliz- 
abeth,  was  married  in  Sept,  1863,  to  Dr.  Win.  II.  D.  Noyos, 
and  died  in  July.  ls73,  while  on  a  visit  to  her  friends  in  (iriggs- 
ville.  Mr.  and  Sirs.  LvikIc  are  raeml>ers  of  the  Baj>tist  (.'hurch, 
and  he  has  been  Vice  President  of  the  S.  S.  County  (convention  fur 
several  yenrs. 

W/)i.  Jfnuien,  son  of  Frank  Marden,  of  Chambers])urg,  was  l)orn 
in  Perry,  Pike  Co.,  Nov.  ID.  iS.'jo;  was  educated  here  and  at  the 
age  of  21  engaged  in  the  livery  business  in  Perry,  and  is  still  pro- 
prietor of  the  Perry  Livery  Stable;  is  also  proprietor  of  the  Griggs- 
ville  Liverv  Stable,  doing  a  successful  business  in  both  places.  His 
stock  in  Griggsville  is  about  $2,30<>,  and  in  Perry  $2,000.     He  was 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  553 

married  Oct.  17,  1878,  to  Venie,  daughter  of  Jolm  E.  Morton,  of 
Ferry. 

Robert  Marshall  was  born  in  Cadiz,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  May  1, 
1848,  and  is  the  son  of  Wm.  Marshall,  of  Griggsville,  wlio  came 
here  in  1851,  where  he  still  resides,  and  is  a  blacksmith.  He  is  a 
first-class  mechanic,  and  has  built  up  a  large  trade.  Mr.  Marshall 
is  the  father  of  9  children,  of  which  our  subject  is  the  eldest.  His 
son,  "Wm.  Marshall,  jr.,  is  also  a  mechanic,  and  is  working  in  the 
Griggsville  Plow  Manufactory. 

Wm.  itarahall  was  born  near  Greenburg,  Westmoreland  Co., 
Pa.,  March  1,  1822;  is  the  father  of  8  children,  4  of  whom  are  now 
living.  His  eldest  son,  Robert,  resides  with  his  father ;  his  second 
son,  William,  follows  blacksmithing  and  is  apromising young  man. 
Mr.  Marshall  came  to  Pike  county  in  the  spring  of  1851  and  settled 
in  Griggsville,  where  he  has  ever  since  carried  on  blacksmithing  suc- 
cessfully. 

Thojnas  Manton,  a  native  of  Lincolnshire,  England,  was  born 
April  16,  1844,  and  is  a  son  of  James  Man  ton,  near  Pittsfield,  who 
brought  his  family  to  America  in  1854,  locatingin  Detroit  tp.,  where 
he  remained  until  1857,  and  then  came  to  Griggsville  tp.  Mr. 
Manton  is  at  present  a  bachelor  and  i-esides  on  sec.  5,  Griggsville 
tp.,  Avhere  he  is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  His  sisters, 
Mary  and  Lizzie,  ])reside  over  his  house. 

Wm.  McBratney  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1834,  and  is  the  son  of 
John  jMcBratney,  deceased ;  was  brought  to  America  by  his  parents 
in  1836;  remained  in  Pennsylvania  one  year;  came  to  Adams  Co., 
111.,  where  John  McBratney  resided  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
in  1871.  Old  Mrs.  McBratney  still  resides  in  Adams  Co.,  with 
her  daughter,  and  is  87  years  old.  Our  subject  came  to  Griggs- 
ville in  1856,  where  he  engaged  in  blacksmithing,  which  he  still 
carries  on.  He  worked  4  ^-ears  as  a  journeyman  alter  arriving  in 
this  town.  He  was  married  Oct.  5,  1865,  to  Lucinda  McDonald, 
and  they  have  4  children, —  Charles  F.,  Frank,  Jennie  E.  and  Wm. 
Emmet.  The  latter  was  named  for  the  noted  Emmet,  the  first 
Representative  in  the  British  Parliament  from  Ireland,  after  the  re- 
bellion in  that  country.  Mr.  McBratney  also  manufactures  plows 
and  wagons,  and  deals  in  agricultural  implements. 

John  McClain  was  born  in  Adair  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1807;  was  educated 
there  in  a  subscription  school ;  came  to  Pike  Co.  in  1830  and  settled 
in  Griggsville  tp.  At  that  time  there  was  not  a  fence  between  his 
farm  and  Atlas.  In  1839  he  married  Abigail  Shores.  They  had 
6  children,  of  whom  3  are  living, — Thomas  S.,  Ann  Eliza  and  An- 
geline,  all  married.  He  has  been  a  successful  farmer  all  his  life, 
until  within  the  past  9  years,  during  which  time  he  has  resided  in 
Griggsville. 

Levi  W.  McMahan  was  born  in  Marion  Co.,  Ind.,  near  Indian- 
apolis, March  31,1841;  parents  were  Wm.  and  Maria  (Thomas) 
McMahan.  The  former,  a  native  of  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  was  a  farmer 
in  Indiana,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1856  with  his  family,  Levi  W. 


554  HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY. 

lH,'in<;  tlieii  14  yr:ir>  ofai^o;  luiis  ever  since  been  in  the  cabinet  hu8i- 
ness  in  (iri»^j;>ville;  his  wife  was  a  native  ot'  Maine.  At  the  a^eut 
19  Levi  opened  n  confectionery  establishment  in  Gri^gsville  for 
about  one  year,  then  followed  farming  4  years,  and  then  commenced 
general  mercantile  businesB  at  (Tri^:o^ville;  in  *J  years  he  returned 
to  farmin:^'  ai^ain,  and  dt-alin-^  in  ;^raiii  and  stuck  ;  he  now  carries 
on  millin;;.  Mr.  N[t'.Malian  is  one  of  the  most  active,  enterprisinoj 
and  public-spirited  men  of  the  c«)unty,  and  has  done  much  toward 
the  im]»rovement  i»f  the  town  where  he  lives.  The  business  enter- 
prise— the  Pike  Flouriui;  Mills — of  which  he  is  at  tiie  heail,  is  one 
of  the  most  extensive  in  tfjo  county.  A])ril  28,  18<H,  he  married 
Ilattie,  daughter  of  Cephiu*  and  Lucv  Simmons;  of  their  3  children, 
Nellie  and  .Mice  are  livirii;.      Mrs.  SicM.  dii'd  Mav  (5.  ls7r». 

The  ''Tike  Mills,"  owmnl  by  Mi.  McM  and  1).  P.  PaMwin,  were 
built  on  modern  princijdes,  with  the  new  pr()cesft  for  ^rindin;;  tl<»ur; 
also  an  elevator  witli  a  8tora^«  capacity  of  20,00<>  bushels  ol't;rain. 
The  mill  is  33  by  sO  feet,  three  stories  and  biuiement,  the  eaves  30 
fe<;t  from  the  <^ro:ind.  and  the  whole  structure,  built  of  brick,  cost 
over  1^20,00(1.  The  mill  and  ciM»per-shop  furnish  a  houje  market 
for  2<>0.0()0  bushels  of  grain  per  annum.  It  has  4  run  of  stone, 
liavin^  a  cApa«'ity  of  ^^rindiug  2<>0  barrels  of  tlour  a  <lay.  The  mill 
was  plaiiiM'il  by  Sir.  Mc.Mjihan,  and  soon  after  work  commenced  on 
the  buildin;;  he  to(»k  for  partners  two  brothers,  I).  P.  and  (leor^ 
Paldwin,  the  former  Injing  liis  present  partner.  They  give  employ- 
ment the  year  round  to  alK)ut  20  men  on  an  avera^,  at  times  to 
nearly  donrth>  that  numln'r,  including;  the  coo|K'r  shop.  The  mill 
stAnds  near  the  railroad  track,  is  a  very  tine  structure, and  an  onui- 
ment  to  the  city.  It  is  calculate<l  to  give  the  travelers  who  pass 
through  a  good  impression  of  the  enterprise  and  energy  of  the  town 
of  Ciriggsville.     \\f  fjive  Mr.   M<'.Mahan's  iK)rtrait  in  this  book. 

Hon.  Jamt's  Mr  H  dliatuM.  The  first  of  this  gcntleinaii's  ancestry 
in  America  were  .\le.\ander  McWilliams  and  wife.  Highland  Scotch, 
who  emigrateil  to  America  in  1770.  On  lH)ard  the  vessel  for  this 
country  .\le.\ander  McWilliams,  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  was  lM)rn.  Orj  arriving  in  .\ml'ricn  tliey  settled  at  ]*rowns- 
ville.  Pa.;  they  atterwanJ  movf<l  to  Ohio,  I'elmont  county,  where 
be  died  in  1S24.  ageil  84  years.  He  and  his  wife  were  both  mem- 
bers of  the  Pnion  Presbyterian  Church.  Ale.x.  McWilliams,  jr., 
received  his  carlv  e<lucation  at  Prownsville,  where  at  the  age  of  22 
he  married  Miss  Jane  Paxt<»n,  daughter  of  John  Paxton,  of  Pri>- 
tcstant  Irish  descent.  In  this  family  were  Ixtrn  3  children,  the 
joungest  of  whom  is  James,  tiie  subject  of  this  sketch.  Mrs.  McW. 
died  about  ISQ:^.  Her  husband  married  a  second  wife  a  slutrt  time 
afterward,  by  whom  he  ha«l  11  children.  He  died  at  the  age  of  05, 
at  his  residence  in  Union  county,  O.  He  always  followed  farming 
as  an  occupation. 

James  received  the  most  of  his  educiition  in  the  schools  of  Ohio, 
and  until  22  his  time  was  largely  employed  on  his  father's  farm. 
He  then  (1824)  married,  in  Belmont  county,  Miss  Margaret,  daugh- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  555 

tor  of  Alexander  Latimer,  formerly  of  Scotland.  They  had  a  family 
of  S  children,  only  one  of  whom  is  living.  Mr.  McW.  tirstcame  to 
Illinois  in  the  fall  of  1^34,  landinjr  at  Na])le8,  where  he  spent  the 
winter.  The  spring  following  he  bought  3"20  acres  of  land  on  sec. 
90,  Griggsville  tp.,  on  which  he  immediately  settled  with  his  family. 
After  having  lived  here  ahout  four  years  his  M'ife  died  (Dec.  28, 
1838).  In  June,  1839,  he  married  Miss  Lucretia  Prescott,  a  native 
of  Groton,  Mass. 

Since  first  settlinsr  in  this  countv  Mr.  McW.  has  taken  an  active 
and  ])rominent  ]mrt  in  its  affairs,  socially,  financially  and  ])()litically. 
As  early  as  1838  he  was  elected  on  the  Democratic  ticket  a  Repre- 
sentative in  the  State  T,egislature,  where  he  served  a  term  of  two 
years,  the  first  session  being  held  at  A^andalia,  and  the  second  at 
Springfield.  Since  then  he  has  been  County  Commissioner,  Super- 
visor of  Crriggsville  Township,  etc.,  etc.,  and  has  been  continually 
in  office  of  some  kind.  Up  to  1848  he  followed  farming;  he  then 
engaged  in  the  lumber  trade  at  Griggsville,  which  he  conducted 
successfully  until  4  or  5  years  ago.  He  was  one  of  the  original 
stockholders  and  organizers  of  the  Griggsville  National  Bank,  which 
was  put  in  motion  principally  through  his  exertions.  The  bank 
opened  for  business  Aug,  1,  1873,  with  a  capital  of  $50,000,  and  has 
done  a  profitable  business  since  that  date.  On  its  first  organization 
Mr.  McW.  was  elected  its  president,  and  he  has  acted  in  that  capac- 
ity up  to  the  present  time.  It  was  probably  through  his  exertions 
more  than  any  other  man,  that  Griggsville  enjoys  its  present  railroad 
facilities,  he  having  taken  an  active  and  prominent  part  in  securing 
the  road.  Credit  is  also  due  him  for  the  fact  that  the  town  is  free 
from  railroad  debt,  in  the  shape  of  bonds,  he  having  taken  a  fore- 
most part  in  the  financial  plans  for  liquidating  the  debt. 

During  the  late  war  Mr.  McAVilliams  was  a  firm  supporter  of 
President  Lincoln's  administration,  using  his  means  and  exerting 
his  influence  at  all  times  to  encourage  a  bold  and  energetic  prose- 
cution of  the  war.  His  son,  Capt.  John  McWilliams,  served  for  90 
da3's  in  the  8th  111.  Inf.,  and  immediatelyafterreturning  home  from 
service  in  that  regiment  he  re-enlisted  and  participated  in  many  an 
engagement  during  Gen.  Sherman's  campaign  on  his  famous  march 
to  the  sea. 

Mr.  McWilliams  has  a  family  of  four  children  living,  all  of  whom 
are  married.  He  is  now  living  at  Griggsville,  and  is  78  years  of 
age,  enjoying  good  health,  prepared  to  live  in  comfort.  He  is  one 
of  three  of  the  oldest  residents  in  the  township  now  living.  He 
and  his  wife  are  both  members  of  the  Conufreiiational  Church.  We 
give  his  portrait  in  this  volume.  It  is  from  a  picture  taken  at  the 
age  of  63.  • 

Jacoh  K.  Moore  was  born  in  Merrimac  Co.,  N.  H.,  Jan.  27,  1808, 
son  of  Stephen  and  Plaebe  (Kimball)  Moore,  deceased;  reared  on  a 
farm  and  educated  in  the  town  of  Canterbury,  N.  H.;  was  an  itin- 
erant seller  of  books  at  auction,  and  clocks  and  other  articles  lor  7 
years,  then  engaged  in  merchandising  in  Sanbornton,  N.  It.,  until 


556  HISTORY    OK    IMKE    COUNTY. 

1837,  vvlu'M  he  lost  all  by  tire.  In  183.')  he  inurried  Cynthia  A, 
Gerrish,  and  they  have  hail  5  children, — Frances  A.  (Ku88ell,dec.) 
Joseph  I).,  Plia'he  K.,  Geo.  II.  and  Albert.  Mr.  Moore  came  to 
P>r(>\vn  Co.,  111.,  by  wa^on  in  1838,  and  purchased  4<)  acres  of  land, 
and  next  year  he  brought  his  tamily  in  a  wa^on  to  his  new  home 
In  the  West,  a  ilistance  of  I,(iOO  miles;  they  were  40  days  on  the 
road.  They  removed  to  Griggsville  April  1(5,  1849.  Mr.  M.  is  an 
auctioneer,  and  has  also  followed  farnnn<;.  He  now  resides  on  sec. 
22.  Althon^jh  zealous  in  the  late  war  he  ha-<  never  asj)ired  to  any 
office.  He  is  liboral  toward  all  the  Churches,  although  not  a  mem- 
ber of  any  parti(;ular  one.  AVhen  he  first  came  West  he  had  but 
$10  and  a  span  of  old  horses,  but  he  now  owns  243  acres  of  valuable 
land,  besides  giving  80(>  acres  to  his  ehihlren.  He  has  also  iriven 
his  children  a  good  educiition  ami  interested  liiiM>«'lf  in  tht-  estab- 
lishment of  good  schools. 

James  B.  MorrUotiy  (»f  the  firm  of  Morrison  *fc  Kenney,  gntcery 
an<l  hardware  merchants  in  (Jriggsville,  came  here  in  isr)4.  This 
tirm,  e>tablished  in  \S{\Zi,  carry  a  stock  «)f  about  !S^5,(>(»(),  and  do  the 
largest  business  in  their  line  in  Griggsville. 

G»orge  A.  Mure  was  l)orn  in  Fayette  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1S33;  was 
e<lucate<l  in  Winchester,  Scott  Co.,  111.,  having  come  to  that  place 
in  ls4<i  in  i-migration  with  his  mother;  leanie<l  the  trade  of  saddle 
and  harness  maker  under  Hale  tV:  Strawn,  in  Winchester;  in  1^55 
he  iK'gan  business  for  himself  in  ^Griggsville,  where  he  still  re- 
mains, with  a  large  tra«lo.  He  has  taken  jjremiums  constantly  at 
the  Pike  Co.  fair  on  all  of  his  work,  and  has  earned  a  first-class 
repiitation.  In  1S»;4  he  married  Julia,  daughter  of  Cephas  Sim- 
mons, and  they  have  had  4  children,  of  whom  3  are  living,  viz: 
Goo.  W..  P.ertha  an<l  Helen. 

VTin.  .Vt     '  '   'rn  in  Pelaware  Co.,  U.,  in  l-^oo,  imd  was 

reared  on  a   ........  ...    _i   he  engage«l  in    the  cooj>er   business;  he 

came  to  Pike  countv  in  1852  and  returned  to  Ohio  the  same  year; 
in  1857  he  came  to  LaHarj»e,  Hancock  Co.,  111.,  where  he  remained 
22  years;  he  then  located  in   (i  ille,    where  he  now  carries  on 

the  coopering  business;  30  ye../  ..ractice  has  made  him  a  line 
workman.  In  1S56  he  married  Eliza  J.  Findley,  and  of  their  3 
children,  2  are  living,  Samuel  and  Freddie,  the  former  being  now 
in  partnership  with  his  father,  and  the  firm  is  known  as  New- 
house  cV:  S«»n. 

Sinnxul  A.  Oliver  is  a  native  of  Maine;  emigmted  to  Missouri 
in  1859,  and  in  1865  he  became  a  merchant  in  Hannibal;  in  Nov., 
1878,  he  came  to  Griggsville  and  oi>ened  a  general  stock  of  grocer- 
ies, queensware.  glassware,  lime,  salt  and  oil,  keeping  on  hand 
about  $3,500  wi|ith.  He  has  had  much  to  contend  with  here,  but 
by  integrity  and  enterprise  has  won  the  confidence  of  the  com- 
munity. In  1S61  he  married  Frances  M.  Davis,  and  their  only 
child  is  Willie. 

T.  W.  Parker  is  a  native  of  Indiana,  and  a  son  of  James  Parker, 
now  of  Griggsville.     He  engaged  in  the  drug  business  here  in  1867 


^4 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  559 

and  now  carries  a  stock  of  S4-,500,  in  druirs,  medicines,  stationery, 
fancy  goods,  books,  etc.;  keeping  on  hand  a  well  selected  variety'  of 
articles  in  all  these  branches  of  the   trade,  prosperity    attends  him. 

Otis  Parsons  was  born  in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  in  1S12,  the  second 
of  9  children;  was  a  merchant  in  Grigijsville  for  several  years,  and 
farmer  for  a  time.  He  came  to  Alton,  III.,  in  1835,  and  to  Griggs- 
ville  the  next  year.  Ilis  parents  were  also  natives  of  Gloucester, 
Mass.  His  mother  is  still  living  (December,  ls79)  at  the  age  of  97 
years.  She  remembers  that  at  the  time  of  George  Washington's 
death,  she  saw  the  messenger  proclaiming  the  sad  news  that  "  Wash- 
ington, the  Great,  is  dead!  "  But  4  of  her  9  children  are  living, — 
Solomon,  Superintendent  of  Tremont  Temple,  Boston;  Otis,  Jacob 
and  Samuel.  Grandmother  Parsons  is  the  only  child  of  Capt. 
Robert  Tomlinson,  who  was  a  voyager  and  was  lost  at  sea;  says 
she  has  always  been  a  Democrat  from  birth,  and  a  strong  advocate 
of  temperance;  has  been  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  a  great 
many  years.  This  good  old  mother  has  always  been  kind  and  af- 
fectionate to  her  children,  but  very  lirm.  Our  subject,  Otis,  is  the 
father  of  7  children,  of  whom  6  are  living. 

Giles  Penstone  is  a  native  of  England,  and  came  to  America  in 
1849,  settling  in  Pike  Co.,  111.,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He 
was  married  in  1837  and  has  had  7  children,  of  whom  5  are  living. 
His  2  sons,  Giles  H.  and  Edward,  served  3  years  in  the  late  war  in 
Co.  H,  73d  I.  V.  I. 

Flavius  J.  Phillies,  son  of  Andrew  Phillips,  deceased,  was  born 
in  Pike  Co.,  111.,  Aug.  21,  1831.  He  was  educated  mostly  in 
Griggsville,  and  in  the  early  part  of  his  life  he  ran  the  ferry  at 
Yalley  City,  known  as  Phillips'  Ferry.  His  grandfather,  Niiurod 
Phillips,  purchased  the  ferry  in  1822,  which  has  since  borne  his 
name.  Our  subject  was  married  Jan.  13,  1856,  to  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  Nathan'Jester,  deceased,  an  early  settler  in  Western  Illinois. 
They  have  had  9  children,  of  whom  7  are  living, — James  P.,  John. 
C,  Ellen,  George  L.,  Salina,  Howard  M.  and  Mary  A.  Mr.  Phil- 
lips is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  His  father  was  born 
in  North  Carolina  in  1801,  and  came  with  his  parents  to  Illinois 
in  the  year  1822  and  located  in  Scott  Co.,  w^liere  he  remained  until 
1826,  when  he  came  to  Pike  county. 

James  M.  Phillies,  son  of  Andrew  Phillips,  deceased,  was  born 
in  Scott  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  27,  1826,  and  like  other  pioneers  has  suf- 
fered many  privations  and  hardships.  He  resided  where  Griggs- 
ville now  stands  before  there  was  any  town  there,  and  was  there 
during  the  deep  snow  of  1830-1;  was  educated  in  Griggsville,  and 
in  1855  was  married  to  Sarah  J.,  daughter  of  Nathan  Jester,  de- 
ceased. They  had  5  children,  of  wJiom  3  are  living,  —  Ste- 
phen A.  D.,  Emily  J.  and  David  M.  Mr.  Phillips  is  engaged  in 
farming  and  resides  on  sec.  35,  Griggsville  tp.  He  had  many 
interesting  experiences  with  wolves  and  Indians.  At  one  time, 
when  they  had  been  committing  depredations,  such  as  killing  stock, 
etc.,  he  assisted  in  driving  them  away.     One  Indian  seemed  deter- 

33 


60(»  fllSTOKV    OF    riKK   roi'NTV. 

mined  to  loud   his  j^un   and   ti;;l>t.  but  was  ('Jiiij^lit   liy  one  of  the 
wliift's  and  nfvoroly  wliipjK'd  wirli  a  hnisli. 

ircorge  Prutt,  a  native  ol"  Ma>saclnisetts,  was  oorn  Aug.  5,  T'^lii: 
spent  <J  years  of  tlie  early  part  t>f  his  life  on  the  sea  ;  was  superin- 
tendent of  the  Valentine  tfe  ChainheMain  |»ackin^ -house  at  Cani- 
hridgt'port,  Mass.,  f  »r  2  years  previous  to  i'on»iii<^  West  ;  he  came 
tt>  (TriiTifsville  in  1n;{7,  where  he  has  since  resided  ;  was  a  cooper 
and  pork  packer  for  25  years  in  this  place,  and  then  hecame  hroken 
down  in  health,  ami  has  since  lived  rather  a  retired  life  except  to 
loan  money  on  real  estate.  lie  is  now  servin:.^  his  4th  term  as 
Supervisor  for  (iriggsville  tp.  Has  heen  marrie«l  ;}  times  and  has 
ha»l  «»  childri'ii,  of  whom  4  are  livin;;,  (ieorge  K.,  with  KiMiney  & 
Clark  in  (iriggsville  ;  Albert  .1.,  in  dry -goods  business,  and  of  the 
firm  of  At  water  A:  Pratt,  .Jacksonville,  III.;  I'Vaiiklin,  farmer;  and 
Kli/al>etij,  now  Mrs,  Kdvvin    Plummer,  of  Md'hersun,  Kan, 

kSainutl  llauixeij  was  born  in  (Jallia  (•«).,  ().,  Aug.  4,  1^52,  where 
he  was  raised  ami  educntetl  ;  learned  the  blackBmith  trade  (which 
was  his  father's  trade  also);  came  to  Pike  county  in  1^75,  and  to 
Maysville  in  1>7^,  where  he  estabiishe<!  a  wagon  and  blacksmith 
shop,  and  is  a  Hrst-dass  workman.  Ik-  has  pursue<l  his  occupation 
ever  since  grown,  except  for  aUiUt  4  years,  during  which  time  he 
operated  as  enifineer  on  the  Ohio  river.  He  was  married  Aug.  6, 
1S7>,  to  .lulia  Nf..  tiaughter  of  Wm.  Hill,  deceased. 

James  T.  Jiei/noldny  si»n  of  11.  1).  Ileynolds,  of  New  Salem,  was 
born  in  C'lernumt  Co.,  O.,  Dec.  9,  1MV.»,  and  came  Ui  Pike  c<»unty 
with  his  parents  in  1851.  He  was  married  March  2,  18G2,  to  Kli/.a 
J.,  daughter  «»f  James  Itmkin,  of  Antrinj  c^mnty,  Ireland  ;  they 
have  4  chiUlrrn.  -  John  .1.,  James  W.,  Thonuib  M.  and  Isaac  N. 
Mr.  K.  enlisted  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  K,  lOth  1.  \'.  I.,  where  he 
served  ft»r  one  year,  and  was  then  promoted  to  the  position  of  ('ap- 
tain  of  Co.  I.  l>th  I.  V.  I.  He  partici]>ated  in  thelmttles  of  Now 
Madri«l  and  Shihdi,  and  was  woundi-il  in  the  latter  engagement,  on 
account  of  which  he  was  dischargfd.  He  is  now  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, and  resides  on  sec.  10,  Griggsville  ti). 

A.  liolUns,  a  native  of  Maine,  wa«  born  March  5,  1812.  His 
father,  John  Rollins,  was  a  musician  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  He 
removed  with  his  family  to  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  in  1^15,  when  the 
subiect  of  this  sketch  was  but  three  years  old.  They  settled  in  the 
timber  with  wild  animals  for  neighbors;  had  no  guns,  hence  the 
animals  were  unmole.-ted.  but  they  caught  many  turkeys  in  a  kind 
of  trap  or  pen  nuule  for  that  pur{>ose.  Mr.  Rollins'  early  educa- 
tional advantages  were  very  limited,  not  having  enjoyed  the  free 
schools,  as  do  the  boys  of  the  present  day.  lie  is  well  versed  in 
rolling  logs,  raising  cjibins,  pulling  doi^-wood  and  other  hard  work. 
He  was  married  March  17,  1n35,  to  Hannah  Tedrow,  daughter  of 
David  Tedrow,  <leceased.  They  have  had  eight  children,  of  whom 
4  are  living,  Augustus  W.,  Melissa,  Amelia  and  Lecter.  Mr.  Rol- 
lins removed  to  Pike  Co.  in  1839,  having  been  here  in  the  fall  of 
1838  and  bought  a  farm  near  the  Pine  Settlement.    Hq  however  did 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  561 

not  take  possession  of  the  farm,  as  he  lost  over  $500  in  cash  while 
671  rotite  for  his  new  home,  lie  went  to  work  with  a  will,  after 
losing  the  $900  he  had  paid  on  the  farm,  so  that  in  a  few  years  he 
laid  up  enout^h  to  start  again._  lie  bouiijht  a  farm  near  jS^ew  Salem, 
where  he  resided  about  15  years.  lie  has  been  very  successful,  and 
now  resides  on  sec.  4,  Griggsville  tp.,  engaged  in  farming  and  stock 
raising. 

Lemuel  Rounds  was  born  Jnne  7,  1806,  in  Brown  Co.,  O.,  and 
is  the  son  of  Lemuel  Rounds,  deceased,  a  native  of  Maine.  The 
latter  emigrated  to  Ohio  in  1800,  settling  in  Brown  Co.  The  sub- 
ject of  this  biography  came  to  Pike  Co.  in  1842,  locating  on  sec. 
15.  Fairmount  tp.,  where  he  followed  farming  and  stock-raising 
until  1875;  he  then  sold  his  farm  and  removed  to  Griggsville, 
where  he  now  resides.  lie  was  married  in  1825  to  Elizabeth  Jack- 
son, by  whom  hie  had  6  children.  Of  these  onlv  John  and  Richard 
are  living.  Mrs.  R.  died  Oct.  5,  1869;  and  Mr.  R.  Oct.  25,  1879, 
married  ]\Irs.  Martha  llagar,  daughter  of  Charles  F.  Frye,  a  well- 
known  early  settler.  Mr.  Rounds'  only  daugliter,  Mrs.  Amanda 
Martin,  died  Nov.  22,  1879.  His  son,  Cephas  S.,  was  killed  on  the 
railroad  at  East  St.  Louis  March  2,  1879. 

Robert  Seaborn^  being  an  early  pioneer  of  Pike  county,  should 
liave  more  than  a  passing  notice  in  the  pages  of  this  liistory.  He 
was  born  in  Frankfort,  now  part  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Oct. 
11, 1814,  and  is  the  son  of  Robert  and  Elizabeth  (Rodgers)  Seaborn. 
The  former  was  a  native  of  England  and  came  to  America  during 
the  latter  part  of  the  last  century.  He  was  then  a  single  man,  but 
soon  after  married.  He  was  a  merchant  tailor  at  that  place  for 
several  years,  and  died  March  4,  1805,  leaving  a  widow  and  3  chil- 
dren, of  whom  our  subject  was  the  youngest.  Robert  passed  his 
early  years  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  where  his  mother  went  to 
live,  and  where  he  received  his  education.  There,  at  the  age  of  15 
or  16,  he  was  apprenticed  to  Jacob  Young  to  learn  the  carriage- 
smith's  trade;  at  the  age  of  21,  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of 
apprenticeship,  he  went  to  New  York  city,  and  after  a  year  or  two 
went  to  New  Haven,  Conn.,  then  to  Boston,  where  he  found  em- 
ployment with  Theodore  Dickinson,  at  present  an  old  settler  in  this 
county;  he  remained  there  some  three  years,  during  which  time  he 
was  married  to  Caroline  Beckford,  a  sister  of  Mrs.  Dickinson;  he 
was  married  in  the  Hanover  Street  Congregational  church,  of  which 
he  was  a  member,  by  Rev.  Lyman  Beecher,  father  of  Henry  AV^ard 
Beecher.  He  then  went  to  the  British  territories,  looking  lor  a 
location;  but  not  finding  a  suitable  ])lace,  returned  to  Boston;  he 
then  moved  to  Preble  county,  O.,  where  he  bought  a  small  farm. 
In  the  summer  of  1831  he  came  to  Pike  county  for  the  first  time, 
to  look  up  a  location,  and  bought  160  acres  of  land  on  sec.  11, 
Griggsville  tp.,  and  160  acres  in  the  creek  bottom,  both  of  which 

E laces  were  slightly  improved.     He  made  the  return  to  Ohio  for 
is  family,  which  then  consisted  of  a  wife  and  two  sons, — Robert, 
who  was  born  in  Boston,  and  George,  who  was  born  in  Ohio.    While 


502  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTT. 

liviii*^  Oil  8CC.  11  he  had  the  misfortune  t<>  have  his  house  and  every- 
tliing  in  it  destroyed  hy  tire.  Mr.  S.  met  with  anotlier  accident  hy 
firo  |)revious  to  this,  losiiii;  all  eartlily  |)osses8ii»ns.  When  he  made 
his  trip  t'roiM  IJoston  to  ()hi»)  he  sent  his  IjousehoKl  <;oods,  huoks, 
etc.,  around  by  sea  to  New  Orleans,  then  via  the  M^ississij>|)i  and 
Illinois  rivers;  tlie  boat  on  which  tljey  were  sent,  however,  was 
destroyed  l)y  tire.  When  the  hiht  fire  o(!curred  they  were  uhli<;ed 
to  live  in  a  smoke-lutuse  tor  the  season.  This  structure  was  an  old  K)g 
house,  without  any  tloor,  and  but,  j)oorly  chinke<l  and  daube<l.  Dur- 
ing; the  vear  his  friends  and  nei;fhboi*s  assisteti  Iiiin  to  build  a  frame 
dwellin;^.  This  was  made  of  one  anci  a  luilf-inch  plank  stoo<l  on 
end,  and  two  storie-*  liij^h;  in  thin  he  livetl  sevenil  years.  During 
this  time  every  mi>fortune  seemed  to  attend  him,  when  he  sold  his 
farm  and  moved  to  Griggsville.  There  ho  lived  for  a  year,  when 
he  bought  a  farm  on  sec.  !>,  of  Jaod)  Bra<lbury;  since  that  time  he 
has  j)rosj»ered  tiiumeially  in  all  ins  i)usiness  utulertakings. 

iNIr.  SeHlM>rn's  wife  died  on  the  2r)th  of  March,  1^42,  leaving  a 
family  of  5  children, — llol)ert,  Gotirge,  Henry  C,  Elizabeth,  who 
resided  in  McLean  co\inty.  III.,  but  is  now  decoai»ed,  and  Ann  Car- 
oline. Aj)ril  20,  184'i,  Mr.  S.  was  married  to  Mr^.  Mary  Ann 
Bryant,  formerly  Mary  A?in  Ilovey.  ilaughter  of  John  and  Mary 
G.  irjvey,\vho  wore  natives  of  .Massachusetts,  and  lived  for  many 
years  in  this  county.  There  were  4  children  born  of  this  union: 
l)avi«l  II.,  William  II.,  Charles  C.  Hnd  Ilmvard  .M.  The  two  lat- 
ter ilied  at  the  age  of  KS  and  21,  respectively.  David  U.  an<i  Wil- 
liam II.  are  both  living  it)  New  Ssilcm  townshii).  William  and 
Cluirles  l»oth  eidisted  in  the  Union  arm}*  during  the  I{e))ellion,  and 
served  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S<'al»orn  are  both 
firnj  l>elievers  in  the  (/hrislian  religion,  an«l  have  done  their  part 
in  supporting  and  building  churclies,  |)romoting  educatioiuil  inter- 
ests, etc.  They  are  now  living  at  their  home  about  one  mile  west 
of  Griggsville.  Mr.  Seaborn's  {wrtrait  will  be  found  in  this 
volume. 

A.  P.  S/iar^(  came  to  Pike  Co.  in  1834,  when  lie  was  25  years 
of  age,  and  entered  200  acres  o(  land  on  sees.  19  and  20,  Griggs- 
ville tp.,  where  he  still  resides.  lie  also  entered  80  acres  on  sec. 
30,  this  tp..  and  80  acres  of  timl>er  land  on  sec.  24,  Salem  tp.  To 
enter  this  land  he  went  to  Quincy  alone  on  horseback,  a  di.-^tance 
of  50  miles,  when  tiiere  were  but  2  cabins  on  the  route,  and  Mr. 
S.  shared  all  the  hardships  of  pioneer  lit'e.  He  had  to  go  to  Mor- 
gan (now  Scott)  County  to  mill,  and  if  successful  in  getting  ids 
grist  ground  immediately,  he  could  make  the  trip  in  3  days.  He 
lias  actually  sold  wheat  in  Griggsville  for  two  "  bits  "  a  .bushel, 
taking  his  j)ay  in  trade,  not  l>eing  allowed  to  have  any  groceries  at 
that.  At  one  time  he  took  30  bushels  of  wheat  to  that  town  and 
gave  half  of  it  for  a  pair  of  cow-hide  lx)uts,  and  the  other  half  for 
a  small  roll  of  cotton  cloth.  At  another  time  he  sold  his  crop  of 
beans  for  30  cents  a  bushel,  taking  his  pay  in  sacks  and  a  few  little 
trinkets.     Mr.  Sharpe  was  born  in  Pomfret,  Windham  Co.,  Conn., 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  563 

Jan.  15,  1809;  the  first  2  years  upon  his  lonely  farm  in  Pike  Co. 
he  kept  "bach,"  and  Sept.  1,  '37,  in  Connecticut,  he  married  !Miss 
F.  L.  Ilutchins,  who  was  born  in  the  town  of  Thompson,  "Wind- 
ham Co.,  Conn.,  Dec.  9,  ISIG.  Mr.  S.  has  been  a  very  successful 
farmer  and  stock-raiser,  owning  now  2S3  acres  of  land.  Mr.  S. 
paid  promptly  for  all  his  land  by  selling  beef  at  $1.25  per  cwt., 
pork  at  $1.50,  and  corn  from  8  to  10  cents,  and  other  things  in 
proportion.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  the  parents  of  11  children,  of 
whom  8  are  living,  namely,  Edwin  11.,  Ellen  (now  Mrs.  Fisher), 
Joseph  K.,  Frederick  L.,  Mary  II.,  Anna  T.,  Charles  F,  Mary  PI. 
and  Mrs.  Fisher  are  very  fine  artists.  Many  of  their  pictures  dec- 
orate the  State  institutions  of  this  State. 

^Y^lliam  Shaio,  son  of  John  Shaw,  deceased,  was  born  in  War- 
wickshire, Eng.,  in  1826,  and  was  brought  to  America  by  his 
parents  in  1827,  stopping  in  New  York  4  years;  then  came  to  Pike 
Co.  lie  has  pursued  various  occupations,  and  now  owns  200  acres 
of  land,  and  is  engaged  in  general  farming  on  sec.  13,  Griggsville 
tp.  He  was  married  in  1860  to  Mary  Alexander,  daughter  of  ^-reo. 
Alexander,  deceased.  The  building  now  used  by  Mr.  Shaw  as  a 
barn  was  erected  by  his  father  in  an  early  day  on  Flint  creek,  as  a 
flouring  milj. 

James  Shinn,  sr.,  was  born  July  10,  1806,  in  Salem  Co.,  N.  J.; 
moved  to  Hamilton  Co.,  O.,  in  1824,  where  he  engaged  in  farming 
on  the  ground  where  a  portion  of  Cincinnati  now  stands;  came 
to  Pike  county  in  1831,  settling  in  Derry  tp.;  and  after  one  year 
he  removed  to  Griggsville  tp.,  where  he  still  resides.  In  1827  he 
married  Mary  Smith,  of  Clermont  Co.,  O.:  they  have  had  10  chil- 
dren, of  whom  6  are  living,  namely,  Horace  B.,  John  B.,  Hannah 
A.,  Charles  W.,  Kate  and  Victoria  P.  Hannah  (now  Mrs.  Elder), 
lives  in  Washington  Territory,  and  Kate  (now  Mrs.  Stephens,  is 
in  Santa  Rosa,  Cal.     Charles  W.  is  an  architect  in  Springfield,  111. 

James  S/ihifi,  son  of  S.  L.  Shinn,  was  born  in  Griggsville,  Aug. 
31,  1841;  his  father  was  born  in  Camden,  N.  J.,  in  1811.  James 
served  two  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  G,  8th  I.  Y.  I.,  participated 
in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth,  and  the 
campaigns  of  Vicksburg  and  Red  River,  the  latter  including  the 
defeat  of  Gen.  Banks  at  Pleasant  Hill;  he  was  then  transferred  to 
the.  Signal  Service  under  Gen.  Meyer,  where  he  served  one  year.  In 
1864  he  married  Kate  Glenn,  daughter  of  Wm.  Glenn,  and  they 
ha^e  3  children, — Herbert  S.,  Delia  M.  and  Augusta. 

John  B.  Shin?i,  son  of  James  Shinn,  of  Griggsville,  was  born  in 
Hamilton  Co.,  ().,  Oct.  28,  1830,  where  Cincinnati  now  stands; 
came  to  this  county  with  his  parents  in  1831  and  settled  near  Atlas, 
where  they  remained  one  year;  then  removed  to  Griggsville  tp., 
locating  on  sec.  24,  where  John  was  brought  up  ;  he  attended  M.c- 
Kendree  College,  at  Lebanon,  111.,  one  year,  and  then  married 
Charlotte  E.  Fielding,  Sept.  6,  1853.  Of  their  8  children  7  are  liv- 
ing, namely,  Charles  13.,  Grace  L.,  Edwin  F.,  John  F.,  Annie  M., 


564  III8TUKY    »»F    IMKK    COl'NTY. 

Marv  B,  and  an  infant.     Mr.  S.  is  a  I'arnier,  and  lias  tau<;ht  scliuol 
several  years. 

I\irv'ni  Shintiy  eon  of  John  S.  Siiinn,  of  (irig^sviik',  was  born 
Oct.  10,  1838,  in  this  tp.;  married  Oct.  20,  18(13,  Lonise,  daughter 
of  Win.  Thackwray,  deceased.  Mrs.  Shinn's  mother,  Hannah  (Sweet- 
ing) Thiickwray,  is  living  in  Flint  tj).,  at  tln>  age  of  8<»  years;  and 
her  grantlfaitlier,  Uichard  Swj-eting,  eunie  to  Pike  county  in  18;}4. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  have  four  children,  viz:  Ixiuise  K.,  Eugenie,  Kva 
L.  and  lioss.     Mr.  S.  is  a  farmer  on  see.  26,  and  has  been  prosperous. 

Sdinui'l  L.  Sht'nn  was  horn  in  Salein  (.%»..  N.  .1..  in  isll;  catne 
to  Pike  county  in  1831,  settling  in  CTrigg>ville  tp.  His  father, .lt>hn 
Shinn,  also  came  the  same  year  and  procured  hitnl  for  all  his  sons. 
So  numerous  were  the  Shinns  that  the  hu^ality  was  called  "  Shinn- 
town."  Tiie  subject  of  this  sketcii  in  1834  nuirried  Sarah  Kvans, 
and  they  had  ir»  children,  of  wln»m  oidy  7  are  living:  (Mement, 
Joseph.  James,  John,  Jane,  Mary  and  Kllen.  Mr.  S.  has  lieen  a 
Ix>cal  Preacher  in  the  M.  E.  Church  f(»r  25  years.  He  wont  with 
hi.s  father  when  he  went  to  pray  for  the  man  who  was  frightened  at 
the  falling  stars  in  ls33.  I  ntil  ls7l*  he  was  a  farmer;  he  then  re- 
tired from  tanning,  an<l  went  to  (iriggsville. 

W'm.  .V.  Shitiu,  fleceased,  was  l»orn  in  Hamilton  ('o.,,0.,  Dec.  1, 
1830,  and  was  a  son  of  the  Rev.  J(din  Shinn,  so  well  known  in  the 
T>iniu'er  davs  of  Pike  countv.  .\t  the  aije  of  two  years  he  emiirratiHl 
to  this  county  with  liis  parents, and  was  reareti  on  a  farm.  He  was 
educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Pike  county,  and  at  the  age  of 
21,  in  company  with  others,  went  the  overland  route  t<»  C'alifornia, 
with  a  tniin  of  wagons  drawn  by  ox  teams.  Horemaine<l  tlu-re  f«)r  8 
year^,  traveling  tiirnugh  Oregon  and  Washingttii!  Territory  a  por- 
tion of  the  time.  He  then  returne«i  to  Pike  count}'  to  live  with  his 
father,  who  was  then  very  intirm.  He  was  married  Feb.  5,  18«!1, 
to  M.iry  A.  Jenkins,  daughte|j  of  J(»seph  Jenkins,  of  (Jrigusville 
tp.  .Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shinn  luid  4  children,  of  whom  but  c»ne.  Kva,  is 
living,  a  bright  little  girl  <tf  1<>  years.  Mr.  Siiinn  died  Jan.  11, 
187i*,  a  worthy  memlK*rof  the  Pethol  M.  K.  (.Miurch,»*f  Newburgtp. 

Cephas  Siinvious  was  born  in  Piillitt  Co.,  Ky.,  Sept.  3,  1>^09, 
the  eldest  .son  an<l  3d  child  of  Kichard  and  S»j)hia  Simmons,  early 
pioiH-ers  in  that  State.  The  c«nM»try  being  new,  they  hatl  to  un- 
dergo untold  surt'crintf.  The  State  at  that  early  period  of  its  his- 
tory was  sparsely  settled,  and  they  had  none  of  the  conveniences 
of  modern  times,  while  the  native  savages  and  ferocious  animals 
were  numerous.  They  could  raise  but  little  produce,  and  even 
then  could  find  but  poor  markets.  A  patch  of  C(»rn  and  a  little 
patch  of  wheat  comprised  almi)st  the  sum  total  of  their  farming. 
When  Cepiias  was  only  3  years  old  his  father  died.  He  was  there- 
fore thrown  upon  his  own  resources  at  a  very  tetnler  age,  with  no 
c^ipital  but  his  hands  and  will  to  begin  with.  He  came  to  Illinois 
in  1827  and  resided  with  his  uncle,  Enos  Simmons,  in  Morgan  Co., 
for  2  years,  and  there  he  married  Lucy,  daughter  <»f  Jacob  and  I'a- 
tienco    P»radburv,    who    was  born    in   Clermont  Co.,  O.,  in  1810. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  565 

"When  first  married  ]\Ir.  Simtnons'  wealth  consisted  of  a  colt  and 
two  calvei?,  hut  hy  energy  and  perseverance  he  has  hroui^lit  to  him- 
selt  hetter  days.  He  now  has  a  t'aniily  of  7  children,  all  married. 
lie  sent  two  of  his  sons  into  the  late  war.  D.  C.  volunteered  for  3 
years,  and  was  wounded  at  the  hattle  of  Perry  ville,  Ky.,  and  still 
carries  the  hall  in  his  body.  Mr.  and  ISfrs.  Simmons  are  both 
prominent  members  of  the  Baptist  Church,  as  also  are  most  of 
their  children.  Among  our  portraits  of  prominent  citizens  of  Pike 
Co.,  appears  Mr.  Simmons.' 

Mattheic  Shnpson,  deceased,  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  Nov. 
13,  1807;  settled  here  in  J837,  enduring  man}'  of  the  hardships  of 
pioneer  life.  He  was  a' Methodist,  and  died  Jan.  4,  1877,  loved 
and  respected  by  all.  He  was  first  married  April  19,  1827,  to  Su- 
saiiTuih  Orr,  by  whom  he  had  7  children, — Margaret  J.,  Mary,  Isa- 
bella. Thomas,  efohn,  James  and  Alexander,  twins,  and  deceased. 
He  married  afterward  Mrs.  Susan  Pryor,  and  they  had  2  children, 
— Edward,  deceased,  and  Llewella  M.  Mrs.  Simpson  was  horn 
in  Knox  Co.,  O.,  April  22,  1828,  daughter  of  Samuel  Ward,  de- 
ceased, who  came  to  Pike  ( -o.  in  1844.  She  now  resides  on  sec.  17, 
Griggsville  tp.  She  was  first  married  in  1864  to  Nathaniel  P. 
Pryor,  who  died  the  same  year. 

t/ohn  G.  Sleight,  jr.,  a  native  of  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  was  born 
June  12,  1840,  the  son  of  John.  G.  Sleight,  sr.,  afterward  of  Flint 
tp.  He  came  to  America  in  October,  1857,  settling  in  Flint  tp. 
In  18(56  he  was  married  to  Ruth  Reynolds,  and  they  have  2  children, 
Charles  W.  and  Mary  Leah.  In  \'6Q\)  he  purchased  314  acres  of 
land  in  Griggsville  tp.,  sees.  2  and  3.  This  is  one  of  the  best  farms 
in  P  ke  (Jo.     Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  Baptists. 

Edward  L.  Staats  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  O.,  July  27,  1836; 
was  raised  mostly  on  a  farin,  and  emigrated  to  Illinois  with  his 
parents  in  1843,  locating  in  Quincy;  in  1844  the}'  removed  to  this 
county,  where  he  is  engaged  in  farming.  His  father,  Wm.  Staats, 
is  a  native  of  Penn.,  and  is  now  at  Hot  Springs,  Ark.  Edward's 
mother  was  born  in  N.  C.  May  6, 1810;  of  her  6  children  our  sub- 
ject is  the  eldest.  They  have  a  farm  of  160  acres  on  sec.  14,  this 
tp,  Edward  in  1862  married  Anna  King,  daughter  of  Joseph  King, 
dec,  of  Perry.     Mrs.  S.  died  in  Jan.,   1864. 

Peter  T.  Staats;  P.  O.  Griggsville;  born  in  Adams  Co.,  111., 
June  30,  1843,  the  son  of  Wm.  Staats;  received  a  common-school 
education  in  Griggsville,  and  finished  his  education  in  Quincy.  He 
is  now  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Griggsville,  in  which  he 
succeeds  well;  he  also  teaches  school  some.  Dec.  23,  1S67,  he 
married  Maria,  daughter  of  Magruder  Edmonson,  of  Versailles, 
111.,  formerly  of  Quincy.  Their  3  children  are  Eugene  A.,  Olin  C. 
and  Inez  G. 

Dr.  E.  Rs  Stoner  was  born  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  and  came  with 
his  parents  to  Schuyler  (now  Brown)  Co.,  111.,  in  1836,  where  he 
remained  until  1840,  when  he  came  to  this  county.  He  graduated 
in   the  Missouri  Medical  College  of  St.  Louis  in"  1854,  and   began 


5G6  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

practicing  tlie  same  year  in  Perry,  this  Co.;  in  1S61  lie  located  in 
Gri«^<^sville,  where  he  has  huilt  uj>  a  large  i)ractice.  In  ls50  he 
married  Miss  A.  E.  Whitaker,  daughter  of  \i.  D.  Whitaker,  and 
their  3  children  are  Emma  W.,  Stanley  and  Alice. 

Cluirles  Thrasher,  deceased,  was  i>orn  in  New  Haven,  Conn., 
Fel).  13,  1705.  He  was  a  shoemaker  in  his  younger  days,  hut  suh- 
sequently  engaged  in  farming.  In  1S53  he  emigrated  to  Pike  Co. 
and  settled  on  sec.  11,  Griggsville  tp.  Sept.  13,  1S40,  he  married 
Mrs.  Rigney,  daughter  «»f  .lohn  Meagley,  deceased,  and  they  had  4 
children,  ?>  of  whom  are  living. — ^fatilda.  Ania/iah  and  l»enjainin. 
Matilda  is  niarrieil  ti)  Samuel  Layman  and  resides  near  Woodhurn, 
Oregon;  Amaziah  is  married  to  Mary  Hope  and  resides  in  Tama, 
Iowa,  and  Penjamin  is  married  to  Pelle  Pright,  and  they  also  re- 
side in  Tama,  Iowa.  Mr.  Thrasher  hjus  been  married  3  times  and  is 
the  father  of  Is  children.  In  ls53  he  went  <»verland  to  Oregon 
and  ('alifornia,  but  his  hciiltii  failed  and  he  returned  after  'J  months. 
Mr.  Thnisher  died  July  1,  1'>G3,  greatly  lamented  ^by  all  who  knew 
bim. 

Win.  Turnbull,  decease*!,  was  born  in  the  county  of  York,  Eng., 
Oct.  10,  1805;  wjis  the  3d  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Turnbull,  who 
were  also  natives  of  England.  He  received  a  good  English  and 
mechanicjil  eduaition  in  the  best  i>f  schools  in  th(>  town  in  which  ho 
resided,  .\fter  finishing  his  education,  his  business  while  in  Eng- 
land wa.s  that  of  general  su|)erintondcnt  of  the  manufacturing  estab- 
lishment of  his  father.  He  came  t<»  the  United  States  in  the  spring 
of  IS.'^O.  landing  in  New  York,  thence  proceeded  to  Maryland, 
locating  near  iialtimore,  in  which  place  he  lived  4  years,  still  fol- 
lowing the  .*iame  Vocation.  In  1  *>;{."»  he  traveleii  for  Me.-srs.  (larside 
&  Co.,  of  Manayunk,  selling  lla.x  tliread  and  traveling  among  the 
farmers,  endeavoring  toencoumge  them  togr<iW  the  staple  ncc«-s;iry 
to  feed  their  manut"act<iries.  In  1830  he  was  married  iti  Philadel- 
phia to  (irace  Wade,  tlaui^hter  of  Francisand  Elizabeth  Wade,  who 
were  also  natives  of  England.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  T.  have  had  one  son 
and  two  daughters.  In  the  fall  of  1839  he  came  to  Illinois,  locat- 
ing in  Flint  tp.,  where  he  tollowe<l  farming.  He  has  also  traveled 
considerably  in  this  country.      He  *lied  Sept.  10,  1878. 

BiTiJiitntn  J^^.  Wilde,  deceti&ed,  was  lx»rn  in  Alton,  III.,  in  July, 
1827;  reare<l  on  a  farm,  c.xjxjrienci ng  in  early  <lays  all  the  hardships 
"of  pi<»neer  life;  was  a  soldier  in  the^Iexican  war  under  Col.  E.  W. 
P.  Newberry  ami  (len.  Tavlor,  an<l  particij)ate«l  in  the  battles  of 
Palo  Alto,  liesaca  De  La  i*alma,  Monterey' and  Puena  Vista.  In 
1852  he  went  to  California,  where  he  followed  mininj' four  yejirs; 
returned  to  Pike  Co.;  was  married  Sept.  10,  1850,  to  Jane  Elliott, 
ami  they  had  4  children,  3  of  whom  are  living,  Martha  E.,  John  K. 
and  Dorcas  U.  Mrs.  Wade  was  born  in  Ross  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  14.  1823, 
and  is  a  sister  of  Moses  Elliott,  of  Griggsville  tp.  Mr.  Wade  was 
a  metnl>er  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  died  Dec.  23.  1859. 

Jos'kis  Wade  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  N.  Y.,   May  22,  1804; 
bis  father,  Josias  Wade,  sr.,  was  a  soldier  in  the  Indian  war  and 


&^u-^ 


YC:^^^-^ 


GRI66SVILLETP 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  569 

participated  in  the  Ijattle  of  Ti])pecanoe,  under  Gen.  Harrison,  In 
1825  our  subject  was  married  to  Cynthia  Owens,  and  they  liad  8 
children.  In  1827  he  removed  to  Missouri,  and  in  1830  he  came  to 
Pike  Co.,  settling  on  sec.  7,  Flint  tp.  Mrs.  Wade  died  in  July, 
1863,  and  Dec.  20,  1870,  he  married  Hannah  C.  Lyon.  He  resides 
in  Griggsville,  retired  from  active  labor.  He  is  the  father  of  Aus- 
tin and  Coleman  Wade,  two  ])roininent  citizens  of  Flint  tp. 

JIT/'S.  Margiuret  E.  Wade  was  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  and  is  a 
daughter  of  RobertSpence,  deceased,  and  widow  of  the  late  Brunce 
Wade.  Mr.  Wade  was  born  in  1820,  in  Kentucky,  and  was  married 
Aug.  22,  1860,  to  Miss  Spence,  and  they  had  one  daughter,  Mary, 
now  Mrs.  Sylvester  Yandament,  who  resides  with  her  mother  in 
Griggsville.  Mrs.  Yandament  has  3  children, — Minnie,  Myrtle  and 
Ellen. 

Robert  J.  Walker,  farmer,  sec.  12;  was  born  near  Boston,  Lincoln- 
shire, Eng.,  Dec.  28,  1819,  and  crossed  the  ocean  in  1836.  He  ap- 
prenticed himself  to  Jesse  G.  Crawford,  a  carpenter  of  Griggsville, 
serving  3  years;  after  which  he  worked  at  his  trade  for  14  years, 
when  he  cut  his  knee  with  a  broad-ax;  he  then  began  farming 
and  the  culture  of  fruit-trees,  making  the  latter  a  specialty.  Aug. 
1,  1847,  he  married  Amanda  Evans,  and  of  their  11  children  8  are 
living, — M.  Jane,  Ann  L,,  Geo.  J.,  Mary,  Elizabeth,  Emma  C, 
Willard  S.  and  Fannie. 

Frank  Wario7i,  known  throughout  the  country  as  "  Banty," 
owing  to  his  small  stature,  was  born  March  22,  1858,  son  of  Wm. 
Warton,  deceased,  an  early  settler  in  Pike  county.  Mr.  Warton  is 
a  farmer,  owning  a  nice  little  farm  on  sec.  27,  this  tp. 

John  Warton  was  born  in  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  June  24,  1815.  In 
1833  he  was  brought  over  the  sea  with  his  parents  and  stopped  in 
Morgan  Co.,  111.,  while  he  and  his  father  erected  a  house  on  their 
land  in  Griggsville  tp.,  sec.  27,  where  John  still  resides,  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock-raising.  His  parents  were  also  natives  of  York- 
shire, Eng.,  and  had  5  children,  of  whom  John  was  the  4th.  In 
Oct.,  1841,  he  married  Mary,  daughter  of  George  Haxbey,  of  Scott 
Co.,  III.  Their  6  children  are,  Ann,  Thomas,  Rachel,  John,  Sarah 
J.  and  George.     All  married,  except  John  and  George. 

Wm.  Warton,  a  native  of  Yorksiiire,  England,  was  born  in  Dec, 
1817.  He  came  to  America  with  his  parents  in  1833,  remaining 
in  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  about  five  months,  when  they  removed  to  Pike 
Co.  He  was  married  June  27, 1848,  to  Elizabeth  Haxbey,  daughter 
of  George  Haxbey,  deceased.  Mr.  Haxbey  came  to  Scott  county  in 
1830,  and  suffered  with  others  during  the  big  snow.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Haxbey  had  4  children, — Mary  J.,  now  Mrs.  John  Hensell,  Wil- 
liam, Elizabeth  and  Frank.  Mr.  Warton  was  a  farmer  and  resided 
on  sec.  27,  Griggsville  tp.,  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Oct.  30, 
1859.  Mr.  Ilaxliey  came  first  to  New  York,  and  then  to  Illinois, 
by  way  of  the  Great  Lakes,  in  a  sailing  vessel.  The  journey  occu- 
pied 10  weeks.  When  they  arrived  at  Chicago  they  found  a  few 
French  and  Indians  there,  wading  through  the  swamps.    Mr.  Ilax- 


570  lUSTOKY    «'F    PFKF    iXUNTY. 

bey  and  Richard  Waui^li  employed  some  Frenchmen  at  Chicagt»  to 
brinp  their  tamilieis  to  Jacksoiiville,  which  at  that  time  was  a  vil- 
laj^  of  4  or  5  houses.  Tlie  liidianss  would  approach  them  at  night 
and  sit  around  the  camp-tire  and  converse  witli  the  Frenchmen, 
which  friglitened  the  familie!*  of  the  new  arrivals  very  much.  Mrs. 
Warton  has  vivid  recollections  of  the  pioneer  days  in  Illinois, 
when  Wolves  made  the  ni/''*-  ludeous  by  their  constant  h«>wling. 
Great  cre<lit  is  due  the^e  ;  rs  f-r  their   untiring  ^i'orts  in  set- 

tling this  wild  country,  and  for  the  liardships  and  privations  thej 
endureil  in  preparing  the  way  for  the  pros|>erity  of  future  genera- 
tion?. 

WillUiin  WtirtoTiy  y.,  was  born  .luly  2<),  1852,  in  this  tp.,  where 
he  still  resides  on  sec.  27,  engaired  in  fanning.  When  he  waa  8 
years  old  his  father,  William  \V.,  sr.,  died,  leaving  a  wife  and  4 
small     '  '    '"  •■     '    -m  William,  jr.,  is  the  2*1.    After  working  by 

the  m .  l;.i  farmers   tor  ♦'»  years,  he    U-gan  agriculture 

for  himself.  In  IS74  he  went  to  Fort  Scott  in  *♦  grass- hopperdom,'* 
but  the  desolation  which  had  just  been  wrought  bv  that  |>estiferous 
in>.  '  '  '  '  '  T.»oKl    Pike.     S<.pt.  :i, 

lb7% .  .......v^    .ii.  .  ..v.. ...  ••'•  of  Steph'  n    \f<'I*, 

dec,  of  Mi!«souri.     They  have  one  child,  1  May. 

Dr.  T.  M.  Wiitifon,  a  native  of  Pike  C«>.,  wis  born  Nov.  25,  1851, 
tilt  !  John  Wat*<»n,  of  Harry.      He  is  a  graduate  of  the  Kclec- 

tie    .'..  ■    !•    '"Mite  of  Cine- •*.  O.,   n-   '    '■■/■•     •■■ '•  •-    in 

(irig;:-  .1.     He  now  pi  ^  the  \\  i  k,>\ 

medicine  exclusively,  and  is  enjoying  an  extensive  practice,  having 
the  patn»!iage  of  a  i  intelligent  citi- 

zens.      In   Mav,  1>T4.  jm    n;;irm<i   iitu  tj.i.  '^:.  of  J.   L.  TerrV, 

of  Barry.  I>uring  a  ^ervic»•  of  two  term  ,  i  the  Municipal 
Board  he  has  been  pn»minenlly  identified  with  every  measure  for 
public  improvement,  and  f«»r  the  l>est    in*  >f  the  community. 

John    MVi7<t  is  a  II   *  *    "      lilton  (.■..''..  and   came   to   Illi- 

nois in  1^64,  and  to  P...  .:i  Jan..  1**7'.*,  where   'e  engaged 

in  the  manufacture  of  car  and  spring  wiigon!".    He  has  a  large 

business,  emploving  ^0  to  14  hands  constantly.  He  also  pursued 
th.  '      M  in  Q  for  12 

.:  ..eiter    .  rn    in  .  Ger.,    Feb.  17.  1*<36, 

"till  ey  W ..  de^..k  'i.  who  t  his  family  t<^>  Ameri- 

ca in  June,  1S56.  Mr.  W.  niarrie<l  Nov.  24,  1863,  Malinda  Turner, 
and    they   have  had    9  e"  ■.  «if  whom    4    are    living, — Lizzie, 

Johnnie,  Charl"       vd  \^  <  ^      ■   ler.      He  is  a  prominent  fjir- 

mer  of  this  tp.,  g  on  t  icr  farm. 

B.  D.  Whit'iker  was  U>rn  Jan.  23,  1809,  in  Greene  Co.,  N.  Y., 
in  sight  ot  the  Catskill  Mountains,  and  has  not  had  a  school  educa- 
tion.     In    1830    he    w  •  -   *  ■    New    V<irk  city,  where  he    -  •      ''icd 

until  1839.     After  pr^       • :i;;    West  a  vear  or  two   he  .    in 

Perry,  this  Co.,  where  he  followed  merchacdising  and  |>ork-pack- 
ing  for  J 4  years;  he  then  engaged  in  the  wholesale  grocery  and 
commission  business  in  St.  Louis  25  vears.     While  there  he  was  a 


HISTORY   OF    PIKE   OOU>TT.  571 

member  of  the  ''Old  Gnards,"  who  were  called  into  service  twice 
during  the  late  war.  and  who  donated  their  wages  to  the  Soldiers' 
Orphan  Home  near  St.  Louis.  Mr.  AV.  now  resides  in  Griggsville, 
the  possessor  of  a  family  Bible  155  years  old,  which  contains  the 
family  record  dating  back  to  the  birth  of  our  subject's  great-grand- 
father. Edward  "Whitaker,  March  10,  1 705,  who  was  one  of  three 
brothers  that  came  from  Leeds,  Eng.,  in  a  yerj  early  day.  Mr.  TT. 
married  Xov.  10,  1832,  in  New  York  city,  Deb'a  D.  AVood,  and 
they  haye  had  G  children,  of  whom  4  are  living  :  James  K..  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.;  Ann  Eliza,  now  Mrs,  Dr.  Stoner.  of  Griggsville; 
Helena  A.,  now  Mrs.  B.  A.  Dozier,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  Emma 
F.,  now  Mrs.  Benj.  Lacv,  of  Baltimore,  Md. 

JtT.  TT.  TTA^Ydwas  born  in  Caledonia  Co.,Yt.,  Aug.  1,  1S03.  and  is 
a  son  of  Nicholas  "VThite,  deceased.  Our  subject  on  his  mother's  side 
is  the  17th  generation  from  John  Rogers,  who  was  burned  at  the 
stake.  His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Baron,  and  his  grand- 
mother was  a  Rogers.  He  was  married  Mav  9. 1S37,  to  Susan  M. 
"Whitelaw,  dau<rhter  of  Robert  and  Mehetabel  TVhitelaw.  of  Rve- 
gate.  Yt..  and  granddaughter  of  Gen.  James  Whitelaw.  a  native  of 
Scotland,  and  the  tirst  surveyor  of  all  the  JS'ew  England  States.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  AVhite  have  had  5  children,  of  whom  3  are  liWng. — James 
H..  Horace  A.  and  Madeline,  now  Mrs.  Thurlow  "Wilson,  of  Griggs- 
ville.  Mr.  "White  emigrated  to  Morgan  Co.  111.,  in  1S37,  when 
there  was  ng  railroad  in  the  State,  and  deer  and  wolves  roamed  at 
will  through  the  forests,  and  across  the  prairies.  He  made  keys 
for  securing  the  rails  bv  cross  ties  for  the  first  railroad  that  was 
built  in  Illinois,  viz. :  that  from  2saples  to  Jacksonville.  Here- 
moved  with  his  family  to  Griggsville  in  1S55,  having  resided  for 
17  years  previous  to  this  in  Scott  Co..  and  about  6  months  in  SL 
Louis.  He  has  engaged  in  various  occupations,  and  now  resides  in 
Grigors  ville. 

JDavid  Wilson,  a  native  of  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  was  born  in  Xov., 
1S2S,  the  son  of  Juseph  "Wilson,  an  earlv  settler  of  Pike  county. 
His  parents  came  with  him  across  the  ocean  in  1829,  and  to  this 
county  in  1831;  he  was  raised  a  farmer,  and  is  still  engaged  in  this 
business.  Dec.  21.  1S56,  he  married  Susan  M..  daughter  of  John 
Bell,  deceased,  who  was  an  early  settler  of  this  county.  They  have 
one  son.  VTm.  Joseph,  who  was  born  Xov.  19. 1856.  Mr.  AVilson 
still  remains  on  the  farm  on  sec.  12,  Griggsville  tp.  He  has  re- 
sided in  Pike  county  48  years,  and  42  years  of  that  time  in  this  tp. 

Joseph  Wilson  was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  in  March,  1793, 
the  son  of  Isaac  "Wilson.  He  came  to  America  in  1829,  stopping 
in  Xew  York  State  2  years,  then  coming  to  this  county,  settling 
on  sec.  12.  this  tp.,  where  he  still  resides.  His  many  experiences 
in  pioneer  life  are  such  as  those  related  in  our  chapter  on  that  gen- 
eral subject.  In  1S26  he  married  Elizabeth  "Walker,  and  they  have 
had  10  children,  of  whom  6  are  living, — Louisa,  now  Mrs.  Levi 
Butler  :  Martha,  now  Mrs.  John  Scott  ;  Elizabeth,  now  the  wife 
of  Geo.  "Wilson;  David,  Joseph  and  George.     David  and  Joseph 


672  HI8TOEY    OF    I'IKK    OOUNTY. 

are  marricHl.  ^frs.  "Wilson  died  Sept,  20,  1870.  luivinj^  been  a 
member  of  the  M.  J\..  Church  over  50  veare.  The  V()UM>:est  son, 
George,  remains  at  liome  attending  tlie  t'lirm.  Mr.  W.  has  never 
been  out  of  the  State  but  once  since  he  first  K>cated  here,  and  that 
was  a  two  weeks'  visit  in  Indiana,  He  is  unusually  active,  still 
attending  to  business.      He  owns  280  acres  of  land. 

James  Wmn,  deceased,  was  born  in  West  Cambridge,  Mass., 
Jan.  31,  1808,  where  he  was  reared  and  educated  ;  he  was  a  farmer 
and  horticulturist,  and  was  in  the  Quincy  vegetable  market  in  Hos- 
ton  for  several  years  ;  in  1834  he  came  to  Pike  county,  entering 
land  in  this  tj). ;  he  also  i)urchase<l  the  undivided  one-half  of  the 
north  luilf  of  sec.  28,  ana  tl»e  south  half  of  sec.  21,  in  this  tp. 
May  12,  1836,  lie  married  Hannah  ("onverse,  daughter  of  Joseph 
(^inverse,  dec,  and  they  ha<l  '.>  children,  of  whom  7  are  living, — 
Hannah  J.,  Sarah  i^.,  James,  Harriet,  Charles,  Abba  aiul  Julia  E. 
F'or  5  or  0  years  after  arriving  in  this  county  he  engaged  in  |)0rk- 
jmcking,  and  for  2  years  was  a  partner  of  Nathan  W.  Jones  in 
farming.  Mr.  Winn  was  a  Congregationalist,  and  died  Jan.  10, 
18G0,  a  grwit  loss  to  all  who  knew  him. 


^^'J^ 


NEWBURG  TOWNSHIP. 

The  history  of  Newbury  township  is  so  closely  interwoven  with 
the  associations  and  early  settlement  of  Pittsfield  that  to  'separate 
the  intricate  facts  is  almost  impossible,  and  would  involve  discus- 
sions as  to  the  correctness  of  its  record  ref^arding  dates,  etc.  Be- 
sides, in  order  to  secure  a  thorough  history  of  a  township  an 
undivided  interest  must  be  manifested,  and  the  assistance  of  those 
settlers  whose  knowledge  dates  back  to  its  primitive  days  secured. 
Therefore  the  history  of  Newburg  bears  the  expression  and  interest 
of  its  people. 

The  wealth  and  magnificence  of  this  county  grew  from  its  beautiful 
groves  as  much  as  from  apy  other  one  thing.  These  goodly  forests 
in  their  primeval  beauty  drew  the  pioneer  as  surely  as  the  magnet 
does  the  needle.  No  other  considerations  overbore  the  generous 
shelter  which  these  islands  of  shade  and  cool  streams  gave, — about 
the  only  comforts  which  these  early  settlers  found  in  their  new 
home;  all  others  were  surroundings  of  discomfort.  The  cramped 
cabins,  the  absence  of  schools  and  markets,  sickness, — always  the 
attendant  of  new  locations, — severe  storms,  depredations  of  wild 
beasts,  fires,  snakes,  poorly  paid  toil  and  the  uncertainties  of  the 
future, — all  gave  way  to  the  supporting  shelter  of  a  grove  of  tim- 
ber. Thus,  wdien  Daniel  Husong,  the  first  white  settler  in  New- 
burg  township,  located  here,  he  selected  one  of  these  beautiful 
groves.  He  built  a  log  cabin  on  section  23,  the  site  now  occupied 
by  the  residence  of  David  Kiser,  in  the  year  1832.  This  was  the 
first  house  erected  in  the  township.  Nicholas  Criss,  Hiram  Keed 
and  Hawkins  Judd  made  improvements  upon  this  section  the  same 
year.  John  Durand,  Jacob  Heavener  and  A.  B.  Quimby  followed 
soon  after,  and  the  settlement  became  more  extended.  Peter  K. 
Stringham,  a  native  of  Newburg,  N.  Y.,  came  in  1833  and  settled 
on  section  33,  where  a  town  was  laid  out  and  a  postofiice  estab- 
lished. Stringham  was  followed  by  "  Aunty "  and  John  Dun- 
ham, who  succeeded  in  retaining  the  establishment  four  or  five 
years,  but  its  neighbor,  Detroit,  was  springing  into  existence,  and 
hither  the  postoffice  was  removed  under  the  appointment  of  B.  John- 
sou.  E.  W.  Ilickerson  came  in  1833  and  settled  near  Pittsfield. 
To  him  and  Squire  Hayden  belongs  the  honor  of  being  the  oldest 
living  settlers  of  the  township. 

The  first  sermon  was  preached  by  Kev.  E.  L.  Allen,  of  the  Bap- 


674  HISTORY    OF    riKK  COUNTY. 

tist  ileiioiniimtioM,  in  J 8:^0,  in  a  lo^-school-lioiise  lon^  since  decayed. 
The  first  scliool-house  was  erected  on  section  15,  in  1835,  and 
school  wari  tan<;lit  here  \)y  Daniel  Foster.  The  first  churcji  huild- 
ing  wfts  erected  the  same  year,  and  was  known  as  the  Ik'thel 
Chnrch,  an<l  was  huilt  hy  tlie  Methodists.  Il^ihert  Kerr,  Kniery 
Scott  and  the  two  Misses  Criss,  sister.^,  and  thiu^hters  (»t'  Nicholas 
Criss,  were  the  tirst  parties  married.  The  ceremony  was  per- 
formed by  M.  E.  I^ittan,  Esq.,  of  Pittstield.  The  first  deatli  was 
tliat  of  George  Wcstlake,  father  of  lion.  IJenj.  F.  Westlake.  L.  E. 
IIay«len  wat^  the  tirst  Jnsticc  of  the  Peace. 

When  the  township  was  organized,  a  committee  of  three  was  ap- 

{>ointed  to  select  a  name.  After  some  discussion  it  was  nanu'd  in 
jonor  of  the  birth-place  of  Peter  K.  Stringham  ami  Capt.  Benj.  F. 
Westlake,  Ixith  farly  jdlgrims  in  this  county  and  township,  i^ow- 
burg  in  its  early  days  containetl  many  acre**  »»f  brush  and  timber, 
much  of  whicii  has  been  8We])t  away,  and  the  works  of  the  l)usy 
husbandman  in  well  cultivated  and  productive  fields  are  visible  on 
every  iiand. 

mOt>B.\PinOAL    DErAKTMENT. 

In  continuance  of  the  local  history  of  the  township  wo  will  give 
personal  sketches  of  many  of  the  old  S4;ttlers  and  prominent  men 
of  the  same. 

Ju/in  liitmey,  retireil  farmer,  sec.  1^  waa  born  in  Herkshire  Co., 
Mass.,  in  1809,  came  to  this  c^ninty  in  1830,  settling  in  Atlas  tp., 
where  lie  resideil  4^  years,  when  he  moved  to  Barry  tp.;  in  ls.')5 
he  settli'd  upon  his  present  esUite,  at  that  time  consisting  of  200 
acres,  the  most  i»f  which  he  has  since  sold,  and  is  living  in  retire- 
ment, lie  wjis  ap|H>inti^>d  Ct»unty  Treasurer  by  the  County  Com- 
missioners in  1S81  and  re-ap)>ointed  for  7  consecutive  years.  He 
was  marriinl  in  Pittstield,  in  1S37,  to  Miss  Clarissa  Shaw,  a  native 
of  Massuchusftts,  by  wlmm  he  has  2  children, — Eliza. J.  and  Orville 
H.  Mr.  B.  numl>ers  ajunng  the  few  who  are  left  of  the  early  pio- 
neers of  Pike  Co. 

ChiirUs  W.  Iiick<  rdth\  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.  Griggsville;  is  a 
Bon  <»f  John  aiul  Anna  •'•-_■•«)  Bickerdike,  natives  of  England, 
where  the  subiect  of  this  -  .  was  borii  in  1^42;  the  family  emi- 

grated the  following  year  to  this  country,  settling  in  Gric:i,'sville 
ti>.,  where  his  parents  l)oth  died.  Mr.  6.  was  married  to  Miss  N. 
E.  Shrigley,  a  native  of  Ohi».  They  have'oiie  daughter.  Anna  J. 
Mr.  \k  has  a  farm  of  160  acres,  valued  at  $40  an  acre.  He  and  his 
wife  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Francit  Casteel,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.  Detroit  ;  Mr.  C.  was 
born  in  Kn«».\  Co.,  Tenn.,  in  1S2'2,  the  son  of  Daniel  Csisteel,  wlio 
settleti  in  Bond  Co..  111.,  where  he  died  July,  1834.  The  same  year 
Francis  C4ime  to  this  county  and  settled  north  of  Detroit,  where 
he  resided  8  years.  He  moved  UjKjn  his  present  estate  in  1848,  con- 
sisting of  200  acres  of  highly  improved  and  well  cultivated  land, 
the  soil  of  which  then  held  the  grim  grasp  of  mighty  moiiarchs,  the 


HIS1X)RY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY.  575 

growth  of  centuries.  Mr.  C.  was  married  to  Miss  Liicinda  Cooper, 
a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  is  the  father  of  4  children.  Is  School 
Director.  Belongs  to  the  Methodist  Church,  and  is  iden tilled  with 
the  Republican  party. 

Stephen  Casteel,  farmer,  sec.  9;  P.  O.  Pittsfield ;  owns  IGO 
acres  of  land,  valued  at  $50  per  acre.  He  is  the  son  of  Daniel  and 
Rhoda  (Hensley)  Casteel,  both  natives  of  Tennessee;  he  was  born 
in  Knox  Co.,  Tenn.,  Oct.  15,  1824;  he  was  married  in  this  county 
March  8,  1849,  to  Elizabeth  Bush,  who  was  born  in  Indiana  in 
18i9;  they  are  the  parents  of  5  children,  and  have  as  members  of 
their  family  two  orrandchildren.  Mr.  C.  has  held  local  offices,  and 
is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternit3\ 

C.  P.  Chapman,  miller,  is  a  native  of  Tolland  county.  Conn., 
where  he  was  born  in  1825;  he  came  to  this  county  in  1847;  he 
first  engaged  as  a  clerk  for  Ross  &  Gay;  in  1854  a  partnership  was 
formed  to  carrj'  on  the  milline:  business  under  the  name  of  Gay, 
Chapman  &  Co.  Mr.  Gay  retired  from  the  firm  two  years  after- 
ward, and  in  1869  the  old  mill  was  supplanted  by  the  erection  of 
the  present  structure,  it  being  the  largest  mill  in  this  section  of  the 
State.  Mr.  A.  Dow  was  admitted  to  the  firm  in  1872,  and  they 
now  command  a  large  trade.  Mr.  Chapman  organized  the  1st  Na- 
tional Bank  in  1869,  of  which  he  is  Yice  President  and  Director, 
and  was  also  principal  mover  in  the  Woolen  Mills  company  for 
three  years,  and  has  otherwise  interested  himself  in  the  business 
welfare  of  Pittsfield, 

^  Lafayette  Crane,  farmer,  sec.  4;  P.  O.  Griggsville.  The  sub- 
jects' this  sketch  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  ranks  among  the 
more  prominent  farmers  of  the  county.  He  was  married  in  Ohio 
in  1839,  to  Lydia  Harns,  who  was  a  native  of  the  Buckeye  State, 
and  was  born  in  1815,  and  died  in  1840;  he  was  again  married  in 
the  same  State,  this  time  to  Sarah  Leeds,  in  1842;  she  was  also  a 
native  of  Ohio;  by  this  union  2  children  were  born,  and  in  1846 
Mrs.  C.  died;  in  1847  he  was  married  to  Susan  Leeds,  who  was 
born  in  the  same  State  in  1828;  six  of  the  8  children  born  to  them 
are  still  living. 

John  C.  Cunningham,  retired  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  O.  Pittsfield. 
Mr.  C.  is  a  native  of  Pike  Co.,  Mo.,  where  he  was  born  in  1819,  the 
son  of  Thomas  and  Hannah  (Watson)  Cunningham,  early  pioneers 
of  Pike  Co.,  Mo.,  and  where  his  father  died  in  1845.  Mr.  C.  was 
married  in  1840  to  Mrs.  Elizal)eth  Morris;  five  children  have  been 
born  to  them,  3  of  whom  are  living, — Elizabeth  L.,  Mary  E.  and 
John  T.  Our  subject  came  to  this  county  in  1849,  and  located  in 
Hardin  tp.,  on  sec.  19,  where  he  resided  21  years;  then  he  moved 
to  his  present  estate,  where  he  lives  in  retirement,  and  the  enjoy- 
ment of  a  well-directed  industry.  Mr.  C.  has  served  3  terms  as 
Assessor,  and  has  always  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  of 
the  county. 

/.  JR.  Davidson,  retired  farmer,  sec.  30,  P.  O.  Pittsfield ;  is  the 
son  of  John  and  Mary  (Roberts)  Davidson,  natives  of  Ohio,  and  his 


676  HISTORY    OK    PIKK    COl'NTl. 

lather  a  soldier  of  tlie  war  of  1812,  who  died  in  1840.  Ilis  osti" 
mahle  wife  is  still  liviiii;,  in  the  82d  vear  of  her  aije.  The  snhject  of 
this  sketch  was  horn  in  Highland  Co.,  O,,  in  ls20;  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Lucinda,  daughter  of  Moses  Hicks,  a  native  of 
Brown  Co.,  O.  Five  children  have  i)een  Ixirn  to  them,  only  one  of 
wh(»in,  Cornelia,  is  still  living.  The  eldest  and  i>nly  sun,  Ira  W., 
was  killed  \ty  a  horse  in  1878.  Adaline,  wile  uf  Geo.  Hardin,  died 
in  1879;  the  other  two  died  in  infancy.  Mr.  D.eanio  to  this  county 
in  1807  and  settled  upon  liis  present  estate,  consisting  of  142  acres, 
valued  now  at  $100  per  acre.  The  family  are  members  of  the 
Christian  Church.      .Mr.  I),  is  a  liej>ublicjin. 

John  Dun/tiim^  youngest  son  of  Hezekiah  Duiduim  (a  native  of 
Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  a  Haptist  Deacon  and  soldier  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war,  atid  who  diet!  in  1810),  was  born  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Jan.  1,  171^3;  he  came  to  this  county  in  I8.'i8  and  settled  in  this 
tp.  near  his  i>resent  home;  his  marriage  occurred  in  February,  1816, 
his  partner  m  life's  journey  l>eing  Ann  (/.  Pettis,  a  native  of  (irand 
Isle,  Vt.,  where  they  were  marrie<l.  They  iiavo  5  children  living. 
Mr.  I),  owns  a  small  and  valuable  farm  on  sec.  14,  is  one  of  the 
earliest  pioneers  of  this  county,  and  earrjest  in  the  cause  of  Repub- 
licjin  principles  and  religious  teaching.     P.  O.  Detroit. 

Ixnac  Uuraud,  who  resides  in  Newburg  tp.,  sec  5,  is  the  owner 
of  132  acres  «>f  well  imj)rove<l  land,  and  is  one  of  the  substantial 
and  enterprising  farmers  of  the  townshij).  He  was  ijorn  in  this 
ct>unty  in  1838,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Uhoda(Rigg>)  Durand, 
who  were  early  settlers  here.  John  Dunmd  is  a  native  of  Maine, 
and  his  wife  of  New  York.     Our  subjet^t's  I*.  ().  address  is  PittsHeld. 

Jfose^  DurntuI^  farmer,  sec.  6  ;  P.O.  PittslieM.  Mr.  D.  was 
born  in  Pittstield  tj».  in  1833,  and  is  the  son  of  John  Durand,  an 
early  settler  of  this  county,  an<l  a  resident  of  Pittsfield.  He  was 
married  in  1861  to  Miss  Marv  J.  Rayburn.  a  native  of  McLean 
Co.,  III.,  by  whom  he  has  5  children  livin«;, —  William  D.,  E<lwin 
S.,  Rosa  ().,  Francis  E.  and  Hattie  A.  Mr.  D.  njoved  upon  his 
present  estate  in  1877  ;  it  consists  of  200  acres  of  very  valuable 
lantl,  valued  at  $60  j)er  acre.  He  is  a  Republican,  and  he  and  his 
wife  are  ni.  ■•  '  -s  of   the  Paptist  Church. 

Ge>t^rge  i  ,  farmer,  sec.  3,  where  he  owns  135  acres  of  land  ; 

P.  O.  Griggsville.  Mr.  E.  is  the  son  of  John  and  Esther  Elliott, 
bt»th  natives  of  Ireland  ;  he  was  lx>rn  in  Ross  Co.,  O.,  March  9, 
1829,  an<l  came  to  this  county  in  1847  ;  Sej.t.  18,  1857,  in  this 
county,  he  wjis  married  to  Sarah  J.  Lightle,  a  native  of  lioss  Co., 
O.,  where  she  was  born  Sept.  29,  1831  ;  they  have  8  children  by 
this  union,  7  of  whom  are  living, — Maria  C,  Lewis  P.,  Hester  A., 
Rebecca  A.,  James  F.,  Eunice  J.  an<l  Warren  :  John  W.  is  de- 
ceased. 

George  D.  Foot^  farmer,  sec.  32  ;  P.  O.  Pittstield  ;  was  bom 
in  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1810  ;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1832,  settling 
in  St.  Clair  Co.,  where  he  was  married  in  1835  to  Miss  Abbie  J. 
St.  John,  a  native  of  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y.,  wliere  she  was  born  in 


■'  A' 


NEWBUR6H  T» 


HISTORY    OV    riKE    COUNTY.  579 

1816.  They  came  to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1830  and  settled  in 
Pittsfield,  where  he  with  others  contracted  for  and  built  the  pres- 
ent court-house  ;  he  then  moved  to  Columbia,  Boone  Co.,  Mo., 
where  he  erected  the  State  LTniversity  ;  4  years  afterward  he 
returned  and  settled  upon  his  present  estate  of  200  acres,  valued  at 
$70  per  acre.  Fourteen  children  have  been  born  to  this  highly 
respected  couple,  12  of  whom  are  living  :  Talmadge  O.,  Edward 
!N.,  Amelia  M.,  John,  James  P.,  Lydia  S.,  Josiah  C,  Jane,  Henry, 
Almira  C,  Ida  M.  and  May  A.  Mr.  F.  is  a  School  Director,  and 
numbers  among  the  early  settlers  of  the  county. 

Nicholas  Foreman^  farmer,  sec.  26  ;  P.O.  Detroit.  Mr.  F.  was 
born  in  Highland  Co.,  O.,  in  1830,  and  is  the  son  of  David  Fore- 
man, who  settled  in  Pittstield  in  1840,  where  he  resided  until  his 
death  in  1857.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1859  to 
Miss  Nancy  AVilliams,  a  native  of  this  county.  They  settled  upon 
their  present  valuable  farm  of  320  acres  in  1864.  They  have  a 
family  of  5  children. 

G.  L.  Geisendorfer^  farmer,  sec.  33  ;  P.  O.  Pittsfield.  This  gen- 
tleman was  born  in  Bavaria,  Ger.,  in  1818,  and  emigrated  to  Amer- 
ica in  1840,  locating  on  his  present  estate  of  320  acres.  In  1847 
he  married  Miss  Margaret  Miller,  a  native  of  Germany,  wlio  died 
after  raising  a  family  of  3  children  :  Dorothy,  Mary  and  John. 
His  second  wife,  Henrietta  Hooker,  is  a  native  of  Prussia.  By 
this  union  7  children  have  been  born  :  George,  William,  Siegel, 
Leonard,  Edward,  Emma  and  Frederick.  Mr.  G.  is  a  School  Direc- 
tor, and  is  well  known  throughout  the  town  and  county. 

William  Hildebrand,  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.  O.  Pittsfield;  is  a  na- 
tive of  Germany,  where  he  was  born  in  1822;  he  emigrated  to 
America  in  1858  and  settled  upon  his  present  estate  the  same  year; 
it  consists  of  230  acres,  valued  at  $50  per  acre.  He  chose  for  his 
wife  a  daughter  of  his  own  native  land,  by  whom  he  has  5  children: 
Mary,  Lizzie,  William,  jr.,  Henry  and  Emma.  Mr,  H.  is  a  Repub- 
lican, and  the  family  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Asa  L.  Hill^  retired  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  O.  Pittsfield.  Mr.  H. 
was  born  in  Vermont  in  1808;  came  to  this  county  in  1833  and 
returned  to  his  native  State,  but  again  settled  here  permanently  in 
1835.  He  was  united  in  marriage  in  Putnam  Co.,  111.,  to  Miss 
Charlotte  C.  Pratt,  who  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in  1830.  Of 
his  several  children  4  are  living.  Hispresent  farm  consists  of  160 
acres  valued  at  $80  per  acre.  Mr.  EL.  has  attained  his  present 
position  in  life  by  frugality,  untiring  energy  and  indomitable  will. 
He  numbers  among  the  earlier  ])ioneers  of  the  county. 

Isabel  Ilofjsett^  sec.  24;  P.  O.  Detroit.  Mrs.  H.  is  the  widow  of 
James  Hogsett,  who  was  born  in  Greenbrier  Co.,  Ya.,  in  1817;  he 
was  married  in  1843  to  Miss  Isabel,  daughter  of  John  and  Isabel 
Hays,  natives  of  Ohio,  and  where  Mr.  H.  died  at  an  early  day.  Mrs. 
Hays  then  came  to  tins  county  with  her  children,  and  is  at  this 
writing  residing  with  her  daughter  in  the  87tli  year  of  her  age. 
Mrs.   Isabel   Hogsett  was  born  in  Highland  Co.,  O,,  in  1825,  and 

34 


680  HI8T0KY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

einij^nited  to  the  West  in  184s.  Mr.  II.  nettled  on  the  estate  now 
owned  by  his  widow  and  children,  of  130  acres,  \  ulued  at  $60  an 
acre.     After  a  life  of  activity  and  nsefnlness,  and  ju>t  when  he  l)e- 

fan  to  enjoy  the  fruits  of  his  industry,  lie  was  called  from   earth, 
[e  died  in    l>6s,  respected  by  all  who  knew  him. 

4S'.  C.  ILnrhiiuL  fanner,  sec.  2:i;  1*.  ().  Detroit;  is  a  t^on  of  Lu- 
cius and  Mary  (^C/liilds)  llowland,  natives  of  Massachusetts,  who 
settled  in  this  tp.  in  ls39,  and  from  which  both  were  called  to  a 
better  lu»mo  in  1842.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  inCreau- 
pa  ('<».,().,  in  1*^2*2;  in  1^44  he  was  married  to  Miss  Amy,  dauijh- 
ter  of  Samuel  l*arker.  After  his  marria-^e  he  purchased  a(>  acres 
of  land  in  this  section,  and  by  his  indomitable  ener<;y  and  perse- 
verance has  secureii  a  han«lsome  property,  his  jjresent  productive 
estate  c<»verin<;  24o  acres  of  valnal»le  land.  His  wife  dii'd  in  1^50, 
and  in  1^57  he  was  married  again  U>  Miss  Sarah  K.,  dau«^hter  of 
K.  W.  llickerson,  an  early  ])ioiieer  of  Pike  county.  She  was  the 
tirst  child  born  in  Pittstield.  Mr.  II.  has  served  as  Su|>ervi8or  and 
Town  Collector,  and  nuiul>crs  among  the  early  pilgrims  id'  Pike 
countv. 

liolett  ////n^r,  farmer,  sec.  28;  P.O.  Pittstield.  Mr.  II.  was 
bi>rn  in  Donegal,  Irelaiid,  in  1^43.  His  mt»ther  with  4  children 
emigrated  to  America  in  1*^54,  settling  in  this  county,  Aug.  %y  \s{\\. 
He  cidisted  in  Co.  B,  2sth  HI.  Inf.,  and  served  until  Aug.,  1^<)4; 
he  again  enlisted  in  C'o.  G,  kVlA  III,  Inf.,  Feb.  '^.  1"^«»');  he  partici- 
pated in  the  battles  of  Little  Pethel,  Pittsburg  Landing,  wliere  ho 
was  wounde<l,  Ilatchie,  Tenn.,  and  Vicksburg.  He  wjis  united  in 
marriage  in  l>72  with  Miss  P  '        i  Kellev,  a  native  of  this  county, 

by  wiiom  he  has  4  children,-    -^ .i  J.,  Alexander,  James    \V.  and 

Margaret.      Mr.  H.  is  a  Scho<d  Director. 

DavUI  F.  Ktser,  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  ().  Pittstield.  Mr.  K.  is  a 
native  of  Indiana,  where  he  was  lw)rn  in  1841;  he  was  Itnuight  to 
this  county  by  his  j)arents,  Jacob  and  Martha  Kiser,  when  two 
years  of  age.  He  was  married  t<>  Janetta,  <laughter  of  Richmond 
\Villiams,  an  early  ]>ioiiocr  of  Pike  who  settled  on  this  section, 
where  he  died.  The  fruit  <»f  this  union  has  been  3  children,  2  of 
whom  are  living, — Lydia  and  Essie.  Mr.  K.  and  wife  are  both 
chiMren  of  the  pioneer  generation.  Their  tine  farm  and  improve- 
ments attest  the  industry  of  its  occupants. 

Iliirvt'y  Kiser  is  a  son  of  Jacob  Kiser,  an  early  settler  of  Pike 
county,  where  the  ••'••{  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  1841.  He 
married   Mary  A.    «  ,,  <laughter  »»f  Stephen  Casteel,  by  whom 

he  has  one  child,  William  C.  They  have  an  adopted  child,  Lou- 
ral.  Mr.  K.  has  a  farm  of  80  acres,  and  fK)litically  he  is  a  Re- 
publican.    He  is  engaged  in  farming  on  sec.  11,  P.  O.  Origgsville. 

Jacob  L.  Kiner,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.  Detroit.  Mr.  K.  was 
born  in  Virginia  in  1809;  came  to  the  county  in  1841,  and  settled 
on  sec.  29,  where  he  resided  until  1857,  when  lie  moved  upon  his 
present  estate  of  80  acres,  valued  at  $100  ]>er  acre.  In  1839  he 
was  united  in  matrimony  to  Miss  ^klartha,  daughter  of  David  Fore- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  581 

man,  by  whom  he  has  7  livinoj  children.  Mr.  K.  is  a  "  stalwart  " 
Republican,  and  numbers  amon^  those  of  the  earlj  settlers  of 
Pike  Co. 

Mrs.  Wm.  Landers^  sec.  17.  P.  O.  Pittsfield;  widow  of  "William 
Landers,  who  was  born  in  Highland  Co.,0.,  in  1825.  Iler  maiden 
name  was  Elizabeth  Sanderson,  and  she  married  Mr.  Landers  in 
1846;  ten  years  afterward  they  moved  to  this  county,  settling  on 
the  ]iresent  estate,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his  life. 
Four  of  their  G  children  are  living, — Perry,  Mary,  William  and 
Leslie  ;  the  last  two  reside  on  the  homestead,  as  also  the  mother 
of  Mrs.  L.,  in  the  S3d  year  of  her  agt. 

Peri^  S.  Zatiders.  farmer,  sec.  22.  P.  O.  Pittsfield;  was  born  in 
Highland  Co.,  O.,  in  1852,  son  of  William  Landers,  who  settled  in 
this  tp.  in  1856,  where  he  died  in  1879.  In  1874  Perry  S.  married 
Dora,  daughter  of  Dr.  Boyd,  by  whom  he  has  one  child,  Alice.  He 
resides  on  the  homestead,  which  consists  of  177  acres  of  land, 
valued  at  $50  per  acre. 

Y.  McAllister^  farmer,  sec.  11,  P.  O.  GriggSN-ille.  The  sub- 
ject of  this  personal  sketch  is  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  where  he 
was  born  March  31,  ISIS;  he  came  to  this  county  in  1839.  and 
settled  in  Griggsville;  the  same  year  he  was  married  in  Delaware 
to  Sarah  A.  Tavlor.  She  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  she 
was  born  in  1820;  she  died  in  1S44.  By  this  union  4  children 
were  born, — Edwin,  John,  Sarah  and  Caroline.  He  was  again 
married  in  1849  to  Rachel  Jones,  also  a  native  of  the  Keystone 
State,  and  born  in  1820.  Seven  children  were  born  to  them,  6  of 
whom  are  living  :  Rebecca.  Lucretia,  Cyrus,  Mary  A.,  Naomi  and 
Huldah;  James,  deceased.  Mr.  McAllister  was  licensed  to  preach 
in  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1S55,  and  has  labored  faithfully  ever  since 
in  the  propagation  of  the  gospel,  frequently  preaching  two  or  three 
times  a  day  after  laboring  hard  during  the  week  on  the  farm. 

E.  M.  Norton.,  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.  Detroit;  was  born  near 
Cincinnati,  O.,  in  1822;  is  the  son  of  John  and  Zerua  (Chadwick) 
Norton,  natives  of  Massachusetts,  who  settled  in  Hardin  tp.  in 
1842,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  crossed  the 
plains  to  California  in  1850,  and  returned  3  years  afterward.  In 
1855  he  was  marrie<i  to  Miss  Louisa  Dinsmore,  a  native  of  this 
county,  and  located  in  Hardin  tp. ;  3  years  afterwards  he  moved 
to  Detroit,  and  in  186S  removed  to  California  with  his  family, 
where  he  remained  three  years,  when  he  returned  and  settled  upon 
his  present  estate.  He  is  the  father  of  8  living  children:  Emily, 
Mary,  Margaret,  Harry,  John.  Noel,  Cora  and  Nora.  Politically 
he  is  a  Republican. 

G-iles  H.  Penstone,  farmer,  sec.  9;  P.  O.  Griggsville.  Mr.  P. 
is  the  son  of  Giles  and  Sarah  Penstone,  natives  of  England,  who 
came  to  America  in  1849,  and  settled  in  this  county.  The  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  born  in  London,  Feb.  22, 1838.  In  Pike  county, 
Aug.  1,  1867,  he  was  married  to  Elizabeth  J.  Edom,  who  was  born 
in  the  Buckeye  State  in  1844.     They  are  the  parents  of  5  children. 


682  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

Cliarles  II.,  ]^Iiiry  E.,  Surah  J.,  Ellen  E.  and  Edward  J.  Mr,  P. 
has  licKl  several  townshij)  offices,  and  owns  a  fine  farm  of  240  acres. 

Francis  A.  Phillips,  \\irn\QY,  sec.  3;  P.  O.  Gri^i^Bville;  son  of 
Nathan  and  Nancy  Phillips,  both  natives  of  North  Carolina  ;  they 
eini;;rated  to  this  State  in  an  early  day,  settlin<^  in  this  county. 
The  sultject  of  this  sketcli  is  a  native  of  Iventucky,  where  lie  Wiis 
born  in  1S'J4;  he  was  inarrieil  to  Mary  Elliott,  who  was  horn  in 
Ohio  in  1827,  and  they  are  the  j)arents  of  6  cliildren,  4  of  whom  are 
livini;:  Maria,  Martha,  IkMijamin  and  Newton;  August,  deceased. 
Mr.  P.  lias  held  the  otKce  of  constable  4  years  and  School  Director 
several  years.     His  father  wjis  in  the  war  of  1812. 

Joh  Priiujle,  retire<l,  was  born  in  England  in  1844,  and  in  emi- 
gration came  with  his  |)arents  lo  America  when  he  was  8  years  of 
JUre,  an<l  came  to  this  c«»iinty  in  ISSH,  settlin<;  in  Pittstield.  He 
enpi;;ed  in  farming  until  IbGl,  when  he  enlisted  in  Co.  Ji,  2Sth  111. 
Inf  Vol.,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war,  narticipatin;^^  in  the 
battles  of  Shiloh,  Jackson,  Miss.,  N'^icksbur^,  llatchie.  Miss.;  was 
])roiiioted  to  the  jtositjon  of  (-orpdral.  S-ri^eant  and  2d  Lieutenant, 
returned  t«)  Pittstield,  and  tor  11  years  clerked  iti  a  dry-^oo<ls  store. 
Nov.  11,  1S7*.>,  he  married  Mahala  Miller. 

E.  D.  linse,  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.*  ().  Pittstield;  i>orn  in  IttMisel- 
laerCo.,  N.  V..  in  1805;  married  in  lS2r»  Ko.xana  .Mien,  and  they 
have  ♦>  children.  lie  cjunc  to  tliis  ctninty  in  March,  ls3:»,  settling 
on  his  jiresent  estate  «»f  160  acres  of  jfalnabie  land.  Mr.  II«»se  lias 
served  lu*  Town  Assessor  and  Constable.  His  son  Henry  enlisted 
in  the  3(Uh  U«'i:iment  I.  V.  I.,  was  taken  prisoner  at  Sweetwater, 
Va.,  and  ctmtined  in  Andersonville  pri8<»n,  where  he  died  from  the 
etfects  id*  prison  life  and  starvation. 

Mrs.  Sarah  Jiuhy^  sec.  7;  P.O.  Pittstield,  Slie  is  the  widow  of 
A.  U.  McKilibon.  who  was  lK)rn  in  Iliu'hland  Co.,  O.  Her  maiden 
name  was  Sarali  Clark,  a  native  of  the  same  county,  where  she  was 
born  in  1^32.  She  married  Mr.  .McKibbon  in  1841*.  He  cjime  to 
tliis  county  in  1850,  and  in  the  f<)Ilowing  year  settled  on  the  pres- 
ent estate  of  180  acres,  where  he  lived  until  his  death  in  1871. 
Their  7  chihlren  are  all  living:  Eliza.  Caroline,  Martraret,  Hester, 
Ivouy,  Emma  and  Ix'wis.  Mrs.  McK.  was  a;^in  married  in  ls77, 
this  time  to  J.  M.  Kuby,  and  the  family  reside  on  the  homestead. 
MemlKjrs  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Murcellun  lioss  is  the  son  of  Col.  AVm.  Poss,  deceased,  who  is 
80  often  referre<l  to  in  tl>€  pages  of  tliis  volume.  The  sulyect  of 
this  sketch  was  l>orn  at  Atlas,  Nov.  11,  ls24,  the  tirst  white  male 
child  born  within  tiie  present  limits  of  Pike  county;  at  the  age  of 
11  years  he  was  bronght  to  Pittstield  (one  mile  east  of  t(»wn  in 
Newl)urg  tp.)  by  his  parents,  where  lie  has  ever  since  r-  '  ''  1. 
Aug.  10,  1^4'^,  he  married  Miss  Martha  Kellogg,  from  Pi  i, 

Mass.,  and  their  children  now  living  are  Henry  J.,  Charles  K,, 
Frank  C,  and  Mattie  H,  Charles  and  Frank  are  in  Wasliington 
Territory.  Mr.  Marcellus  Ross  rememlx'rs  a  visit  of  AltraTiam 
Lincoln  to  their  home  in  .\tlas.  wlien  he.  a  little  boy,  wa.^   picked 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  583 

up  and  pleasantly  talked  to  by  that  eminent  statesman.  Mr.  Ross 
has  in  his  house  the  first  ^[asonic  chest  used  in  the  lodge  in  this 
county,  described  on  pa^es  241-2  of  this  book. 

William  Schemel,  farmer,  sec.  32;  P.  O.  Pittsfield;  was  born 
in  Germany  in  1835,  emii^rated  to  America  in*  1854,  settlin<^  in 
Pittsfield.  In  1868  he  married  Mary,  daughter  of  George  Zim- 
merman, an  early  settler  of  this  county;  in  1868  he  moved  upon 
his  present  farm,  consisting  of  166  acres,  valued  at  $65  per  acre. 
George  D.,  William  A.,  Joseph  A.,  Emma  M.,  Anna  J.  and  Ida  E. 
are  their  living  children. 

Cicero  Scohey^  farmer,  sec.  9;  P.  O.  Pittsfield;  son  of  James 
and  Rhoda  Scobey,  natives  of  New  York  and  Kentucky  respect- 
ively, who  first  settled  in  Clark  Co.,  111.,  and  came  to  this  county 
in  1839,  settling  on  Griggsville  Prairie.  His  father  died  in  1841, 
and  his  mother  died  in  1877.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born 
in  Indiana  in  1831,  in  which  State  he  married  Mary  Duff,  a  native 
of  Illinois,  and  their  2  children  are  AVilliam  W.  and  Anna  M. 
Mr.  S.  has  a  farm  of  260  acres,  valued  at  $40  an  acre.  He  has 
been  Assessor  one  year.  He  numbers  among  the  early  settlers  of 
Pike  county. 

John  Webb,  farmer,  was  born  near  Jersey  City  in  1814,  and  was 
brought  to  this  county  by  Daniel  Shinn  in  1820,  the  family  set- 
tling near  Atlas.  Some  years  afterward  Mr.  W.  clerked  for  Mr. 
Gay  in  Pleasant  Vale  tp.,  and  3  years  afterward  engaged  in  the 
wood  business  at  Florence,  until  1839,  when  he  went  into  mer- 
chandising and  farming  at  New  Canton;  in  1851  he  came  to  Pitts- 
field and  became  interested  in  pork-packing  and  general  merchan- 
dising, where  he  remained  23  years;  in  1875  he  settled  on  his 
present  "farm  in  Newburg,  where  he  has  since  made  it  his  home. 
In  1840  he  married  Cornelia  Dunham,  a  native  of  Warren  Co.,  N. 
y.  Mr.  W.  is  the  oldest  living  settler  in  Pike  county  at  the  pres- 
ent time,  b}'  four  years. 

John  A.  Weeks,  farmer,  sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Pittsfield ;  son  of  Ezekiel 
and  Elizabeth  (McFadden)  AVeeks,  who  settled  in  Harrison  Co.,  O., 
in  early  day,  where  in  1826  John  A.  was  born.  The  family  emi- 
grated to  this  county  in  1848,  settling  upon  their  present  place, 
where  they  have  since  made  it  their  home.  In  1841  Mr.  W.  was 
married  to  Angeline  Stagg,  who  died  in  1857,  leaving  4  children. 
His  present  wife,  Martha  L.  Wacaser,  is  a  native  of  North  Caro- 
lina, and  they  have  7  children.  Mr.  W.  has  a  farm  of  80  acres, 
valued  at  $40  per  acre. 

W.  T.  Weelxs.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  native  of  Ohio, 
where  he  was  born  Aug.  2,  1838;  10  years  later  he  was  brought  to 
this  county,  where  he  is  now  engaged  in  farming  in  this  township. 
He  was  married  in  Kansas  in  1861,  to  Rosanna  Pennocks,  who 
was  born  in  New  York  in  1842.  In  1863  Mr.  W.  enlisted  in  Co. 
L,  2d  Nebraska  Cavalry,  and  served  for  one  year,  and  served  as 
scout  along  the  Missouri  and  Kansas  line  for  2  years.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  politically  a  Republican. 


5S4  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

Cnpt.  Benj.  F.Wtsthike,  whose  portmit  is  given  in  the  pages  of 
this  volunie,  resides  on  sec.  20,  this  tj). ;  his  grjimljcirents  etni- 
grated  iVoiii  Kn:;hin«i,  their  native  eountrv,  prior  to  the  lu'vohition, 
and  hi^  ;;r!iiidt;ithrr  and  three  of  his  hrothi'rs  served  in  the  conti- 
nental annv  nnder  Washington.  George  Wcsthike,  tlie  father  of 
the  suhject  of  this  sketch,  was  a  native  of  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
an<l  for  nmnv  years  a  minister  of  the  Meth«»dist  Church;  he  came 
to  this  county  with  iiis  son,  Cant.  IJenj.  F.,  where  at  his  residence 
in  1842  he  die<l,  his  l)eing  the  first  death  that  occurred  in  this  town- 
flhip;  his  wife,  Hester  (Wilson)  Westhike,  a  native  of  New  Jersey, 
died  here  July  9.  1S.')2.  Capt.  Westhike  was  horn  in  Newhurg, 
Orange  C-o.,  .'^.  Y..  March  s,  1>1<».  Ik-  visited  Illinois  in  ISiiO, 
meeting  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  of  Springfield,  with  whom  he  traveled 
through  many  counties,  mostly  by  stage;  in  1837  he  settled  in 
PittstieKI,  and  served  as  jailor  one  year,  wlien  he  moved  on  his  pres- 
ent estate,  at  that  time  consisting  of  1,1 2<'  acres;  he  purchased  two 
yokes  of  oxen,  huilt  a  hrick  kiln  and  made  the  l)rick  t»f  which  his 
commodious  residence  is  composed.  He  gave  the  name  t4»  New- 
burg  township,  christerung  it  at\er  his  mitive  titwn  in  New  Yi»rk. 

Ciipt.  Westlake  commenced  the  stmlv  of  medicine  at  the  age  of 
IS  with  Dr.  (iidney.  of  Newhurg,  N.  V.,  but  owing  to  the  feeble 
health  of  his  father  he  returned  ln)me  ami  devoted  liis  attention  to 
farming,  which  he  has  followed  from  that  time,  and  at  present  has 
about  *J,(KK»  acres  (»f  giKKl  farm  land,  besides  having  given  t4»  his 
children  about  1,OOU  acres.  The  Captain's  early  life  was  j»assed  on 
his  father's  farm  near  Newhurg,  and  his  first  experience  in  business 
was  selling  vegetables  in  tliat  town,  furnishing  and  hauling  rock, 
which  he  did  for  the  foundation  of  nearly  every  building  in  that 
town  uj)  to  the  time  he  left.  • 

('apt.  Westlake  wa«  president  of  the  commission  ai»pointed  by  the 
County  Court  to  construct  the  Sny  Icvoe.  Un«ler  this  commission 
the  work  wjis  vigorously  prosecuted  atul  suceessfully  complete«l,  re- 
claiming alH>ut  l(M),0(iu  acres  of  rich  farming  land.  He  represented 
his  township  in  the  lioard  of  Supervisors  from  itsorganizaticMi  until 
18»»:J:  in  18C2  he  was  ap|)ointed  by  President  Lincoln  Provost 
Marshal  of  the  9th  District  of  Illinois,  which  position  he  filled  with 
honor  to  himself  and  credit  to  the  country,  obtaining  the  envialile 
rejiutation  of  being  one  of  the  best  officers  in  the  State.  He  was 
one  of  the  original  stockholders  in  organizing  the  Peninsula  I>oan 
and  Trust  company,  now  the  Pike  County  Bank,  of  which  he  is 
president. 

He  W5VS  married  March  24,  1842,  by  liev.  Win.  Carter,  in  this  tp., 
to  Miss  Charlotte  Goodwin,  who  was  Ixirn  March  22,  1822.  Tlie 
names  of  the  11  children  born  to  them  are  as  follows:  George, 
Fannie  S.,  Hardin  J.,  Susan,  Ann,  Catharine,  Wm.  Henry,  Benj. 
F.,  jr.,  Charlotte,  Charles  F.  and  Thomas. 

OeorgeW.Wei^tlak^,  farmer,  sec.  29;  P.  O.  Pittsfield;  was  born 
in  this  tp.,  in  1843,  and  is  the  eldest  son  of  B.  F.  Westlake.     In 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  585 

1875  he  married  Miss  Mary  E.    Brown.     He  now  owns  a  farm  of 
250  acres,  valued  at  $00  per  acre. 

Luther  Wheeler,  blacksmith,  was  born  in  Fairfield  in  1827;  served 
his  time  at  Bridgeport,  coach  ironing;  emigrated  to  this  county  in 
1858,  and  established  himself  in  business  in  Pittstield;  also  con- 
ducted a  livery  stable  one  year,  and  in  1861  he  went  to  Montgomery 
county,  and  four  years  afterward  returned  and  settled  in  Milton, 
where  he  remained  until  1877,  in  which  year  he  occupied  his  pres- 
ent place  of  business.  In  1859  he  married  Annetta  Yelliott,  a 
native  of  this  county;  they  have  had  4  children,  2  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing.    Mr.  W.  has  a  fair  trade,  and  is  a  thorough  Republican. 


llAltDIN  ToWNMUl'. 

Two  of  tho  larj^est  streiiins  of  tho  county  traverse  this  to\v^^ihip 
from  tlif  riortlu'rn  iKMiudary,  in:ikiii«^  their  exit  almost  due  south  of 
where  they  enter;  these  are  Hay  ami  lloiiey  creeks,  ami  the  timher 
bordering  their  hankt»and  those  of  their  numerous  Btnall  trihutarics, 
must  have  been  picturesque  ami  romantic  in  their  original  condition. 
Then  doubtless  the  j)ointsof  timlK'r  ami  the  vulleys  were  fretjiient  re- 
Boris  for  the  red  man.  Even  n<»w,  when  dotted  over  with  fields,  houses 
and  l>arn3,  ami  lowing  herds,  one  oiunothelp  but  admire  the  beauty 
of  the  scenery  presented  by  these  groves. 

Embraciiig  a  goo«l  deid  of  timl>er  land,  as  this  townshij)  did, 
it  soon  attracted  a  liberal  share  of  immigration,  as  it  is  a  fact  that 
all  the  pion«!ers  sought  the  timber  districts  in  which  U)  lowite  their 
claims,  l)elieving  that  it  would  i>e  easier  to  make  farms  by  grubbing 
andclcaring  the  lands  than  it  would  bo  to  reduce  prairie  land  to 
farm  tillage  ami  remunerative  returns  ;  but  as  time  ad vanceil  and 
later  settlers  were  forcetl  out  ujxjn  the  prairies  and  began  to  experi- 
ment u)H>n  them,  the  tirst  settlers  were  made  to  realize  that  they 
had  made  some  costl}*  mistakes  by  selecting  timl»ercd  claims.  They 
ha»l  been  ])itching  brawn  and  muscle  against  nature;  for  all  that 
the  |)rairies  needed  was  to  be  tickled  with  the  plow  to  make  them 
yieUl  living  cr«>ps  the  first  year,  atid  heavy  remunerative  returns  the 
second. 

Thi'  tirst  jtilgrims  in  lianlin  were  lienjamin  Harney,  Nathaniel 
Bagby,  Sdomon  .Main,  Jju'ob  Henry.  Joseph  Ilalford,  Jesse  Mason 
and  Aaron  Thornton.  The  tirst  couple  united  in  marriage  in  tho 
township  were  Nathaniel  Th(»rnt4jn  and  Lucinda  Bagby;  the  cere- 
mony was  |>erformed  by  Rev.  Lewis  Allen.  The  tirst  school  taught 
by  Jesse  (iarrison,  in  1S3;{,  upon  sec.  2. 

TIMK. 

The  pleasant  iitile  village  of  Time  is  locjited  where  the  four  cor- 
ners of  sees.  2,  3.  1<>  and  11  meet.  It  is  a  ^mall  i)lace,  perhaps 
of  1*20  inhabitants,  and  contiiius  four  stores,  two  wagon  ana  black- 
smith shops  and  a  tlouring  mill.  It  is  also  the  residence  of  two 
physicians  and  one  lawyer.  There  was  at  one  time  a  woolen  factory 
in  Time,  but  times  grew  hard  and  the  time  came  when  Time  must 
abandon  the  manufacture  of  cloth,  we  presume  for  all  time  to  come. 
At  present  the  old  Time  Woolen  Mills  is  converted  into  a  wagon 
shop  and  plow  manufactory,  which  gives  Time  somewhat  the  ap- 
pearance of  old  times. 


^/^^ 


HARDIN  Tf 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  589 

Star  Mills. — This  enterprise  was  inaugurated  by  Smith  &  Son- 
ner.  The  buildinir  was  erected  in  1877,  and  is  now  owned  and  op- 
erated by  Mr.  Sonuer.  The  capacity  of  the  mill  is  about  50  bar- 
rels a  dci}^  i)e5ides  being  capable  of  grinding  about  the  same 
amount  o\  corn.  Mr.  Sunner  makes  a  choice  article  of  Hour,  and 
enjoys  a  good  run  of  custom. 

The  Time  Puhllc  Schools. — The  system  of  education  in  Hardin 
township  is  well  up  to  the  standard  in  point  of  excellence.  The 
Time  pul)lic  school  has  for  its  Principal  Miss  Ellen  Cromwell,  a 
lady  of  much  abilit}'  and  experience  as  an  instructor. 

Independence  Christian  Church  was  organized  May  8,  1858,  in 
the  log  school-house  at  Independence,  by  Elders  James  Burbridge, 
Robert  Xicholson  and  Andrew  Main,  with  the  following  26  members: 
Kobert  Nicholson  and  wife,  Andrew  Main,  P^phraim  Nott  and  wife, 
Geo.  W.  Williams  and  wife,  Barnett  Collins  and  wife,  James  Col- 
lins, John  Nicholson  and  wife,  Cornelius  Nicholson  and  wife,  Mary 
Burbridge,  Thomas  Burbridge,  PormeliaAVllliams,  Francis  Scott  and 
wife,  George  Ward,  David  Collins,  Lydia  Collins,  Cynthia  Bur- 
bridge, Emily  Gunn,  Joseph  Troutner  and  Polly  Burbridge.  The  first 
Elders  were  Robert  Nicholson,  Andrew  Main  and  Joseph  Troutner. 
Elder  James  Burbridge  was  the  first  Pastor.  The  congregation 
erected  a  house  of  worship  in  1867  in  Independence,  and  services 
are  held  each  alternate  Sunday  by  Elder  J.  W.  Miller,  Pastor. 
Present  number  of  communicants  is  50. 

There  are  two  other  churches  located  in  the  township,  one  of  the 
M.  E.  and  the  other  of  the  Christian  denomination,  both  of  which 
are  located  at  Time.  After  some  considerable  searching,  however, 
we  failed  to  find  the  records  from  which  to  glean  any  historical 
items. 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

We  will  now  make  personal  mention  of  the  leading  citizens  and 
old  settlers  of  this  township. 

Benjamin  Barney  was  born  in  Pike  county,  where  Montezuma 
now  stands,  Feb.  1,  1825.  His  parents  emigrated  to  this  county 
from  Ohio,  in  1824.  Being  a  pioneer,  he  knows  all  the  hardships 
of  pioneer  life;  as  soon  as  he  was  large  enough  to  ride  on  horse- 
back he  went  to  Frye's  Mill  on  Big  Blue,  a  distance  of  12  miles, 
and  nearly  always  had  to  remain  all  night  to  get  his  grinding  done, 
and  no  place  to  sleep,  except  on  the  corn-sack;  he  has  had  many  ex- 
citing scenes  in  the  chase,  having  killed  deer,  wolves  and  wild-cats. 
Dec.  21,  1845,  he  married  Miss  Caroline  Harvey,  and  they  had  3 
children, — William  A.,  James  B.  and  Alfred  F.  In  1852  Mr. 
Barney  removed  to  Oregon  with  his  family,  where  Mrs.  Barney 
died  the  same  year;  in  1857  he  returned  to  Pike  county,  where  he 
married  Cynthia  H.  Mays,  and  their  8  children  are  Andrew  J.,  dec, 
John  W.,  Henry  L.,  Laura  E.,  Marion,  Robert  A.,  Artilla  D.  and 
Minnie.  Mr,  B.  is  en":a<i:ed  in  farmiui;  and  stock-raising  on  sec. 
26,  this  tp. 


590  IIISTOKY    OK    I'IKE    COUNTY. 

Francis  J/.  Barney,  a  native  of  I'ike  county,  was  born  May  12, 
1S37,  and  is  a  son  ot  Josepli  W.  liarney,  dec,  who  came  to  this 
county  in  1824.  His  grandfather,  Ik'niauiin  B.  Harney,  was  one 
of  the  tirst  j)ioneers  of  this  county,  and  erected  the  first  horse-mill 
in  the  county  for  t^rindin^  corn.  Tliis  a«;ed  «;entleman  crossed  the 
phiins  t<)  Ciilifornia  in  I84i>,  bein;;  then  in  liis  91st  year,  and  ar- 
rival there  in  apparently  ^ood  health,  hut  <lie<l  im  shij)-board  while 
returnin«;,  in  1>34.  Our  subject  was  ra.sed  on  a  farm  and  received 
a  C4inunon-school  eduuition;  in  186(3  he  marrieil  Miss  S.  A.  Furry, 
dauijhter  of  Christopher  Furry,  dee.  Tliey  have  had  5  children,  3 
of  wh(»m:ire  livin<;,  viz: — Ci>ra  B.,  William,  li.  an<l  K<l^ar  F.  lie 
has  held  the  «»tfice  of  Town  Clerk,  and  is  at  j>resent  the  Police  Mag- 
istrate for  the  villa^'  of  Time,  He  served  3  years  in  Co.  A,  20th 
lie*;.  I.  \'.  I.,  as  a  private  in  the  late  war,  and  wjis  iti  the  battles  of 
F«)rt  DoneUon,  Shiloh,  Sie<^  of  Vicksbiw^,  Britlon's  Lime,  Kene- 
Baw  Mountain,  ('hampiou  Hills,  Iljiymond  and  others;  he  also  par- 
ticipati'd  in  the  Meridian  raiti,  in  which  he  came  well-ni^h  being 
Ciiptureii.  He  is  a  harness-maker  by  trade,  Imt  failin>;  healtli 
re«piirt'ii  him  to  seek  another  vi>cation,  and  lie  ii>w  keeps  a  grocery 
store  in  Time. 

lUnrtj  Jienn,  %o\\  of  William  and  Sarah  Bcnn,  was  born  Sept. 
18,  1833,  in  this  tp.  His  father,  dec,  came  to  t  tis  county  in  1n26, 
being  one  of  the  tirst  settlers  of  Hanlin  tp.,  and  was  Ciijitain  of 
the  Home  (ruards  in  the  early  dayi»  of  the  county's  historv.  He 
wa>  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  a  fartinT  bv  occupation.  He  tirst 
settled  on  sec.  7,  where  he  died  in    I^  M   -.    Isenn  resides  with 

her  son  David,  in  this  tp..  at  the  age  of  74  years.  Our  subject  was 
raisi*<i  on  a  farm  and  is  n«>w  engtigetl  \n  furming  and  stock-raising 
on  the  oKl  Imme  place.  April  17,  l'^^^,  he  married  Matilda  J.  .uo 
Clintock,  daughter  of  liobert  McClint*)ck,  dec,  who  came  to  this 
county  in  an  early  day.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  IJenn  have  9  children, — 
Charle-  F..  Hettie  M.,  I«ia  .1.,  Kvalina,  William  R.,  Lillie  and  Lulu 
(twin*),  L'lra  and  .lohn  H.  In  the  year  1*^57,  while  chopping  wood 
with  a  neighbor.  Mr.  Benn  received  a  blow,  by  accident,  uj)on  his 
left  hand,  from  the  ax  of  the  neiglil>or,  crippling  him  for  life. 

TTu>mtis  II.  Burhrid^e,  farmer  an<i  st«»ck-raiser,  sec.  29;  son  of 
RoIhtI  Burbridge,  dee.,  a  native  of  Kentucky,  was  b(»rn  in  Bath 
c*»unty,  Ky.,  Feb.  2^,  1>18;  came  with  his  parents  to  Pike  county. 
Mo.,  in  1>25.  where  he  remained  until  the  Spring  of  1840,  when  he 
removed  t«)  this  CAUinty.  His  father  followed  farming  until  his 
death,  which  »»ceurred  in  the  spring  of  1^42.  Our  subject,  being  a 
pioneer,  has  seen  many  Indians,  and  has  ridden  on  horseback  to 
mill,  a  distance  of  6  miles,  where  he  sometimes  had  to  wait  all  day 
and  all  night  for  his  grinding,  with  nothing  to  eat  but  j>arched 
corn;  he  went  3  miles  tosch».K>l,  which  was  taught  by  subscription, 
about  3  months  in  the  year,  in  a  log  building,  with  split  logs  for 
seats,  a  log  taken  out  of  one  side  of  the  house  for  a  wiiiclow,  a  huge 
tire-place  in  one  end  of  the  room  for  heating;  the  writing  desk 
consisted   of  a  ])uncheon  supported  by  pins  in  the  wall.     Mr   B. 


mSTORT    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  591 

came  to  tliis  county  in  1830,  wliere  he  has  since  resided.  In  1842 
he  married  Mary  McNary,  dau«j:hter  of  John  McNary,  dec,  and 
they  had  7  children, — Cyntliia,  Jaly,  Robert,  John,  James,  Thomas 
and  Harriet.  Mrs.  B.  died  in  1S62,  and  A]mm1  12,  1S66,  lie  married 
Emily  Hodge,  who  died  Oct.  9,  ls75.  Mr.  B.  is  surrounded  by 
his  children,  who  take  good  care  of  him  in  his  old  age. 

James  H.  Conhoy  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  was  born  in  1n83; 
his  parents  died  when  he  was  quite  young,  leaving  him  })enniless; 
about  the  year  1S37  he  was  brought  to  America;  is  a  shoemaker 
bv  trade,  at  which  he  has  been  very  successful.  lie  now  resides  at 
Time,  owning  400  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  is  engaged  in  farming 
and  stock-raising.  In  1860  he  married  Lucy  Bagley,  and  their 
children  are  John,  William,  Philip,  Ella,  Alvina  and  Baymond. 
We  give  Mr.  C's  portrait  in  this   volume. 

John  Couch  was  born  in  Highland  county,  Ohio,  April  4,  1833, 
and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Couch;  he  was  raised  on  a  farm 
and  came  to  this  county  in  1854;  was  married  in  1855  to  Margaret 
Colvin  and  they  have  9  children,  namely,  Alfred  M.,  Samantha  A., 
AVinfield  S.,  Elizabeth  J.,  John  W.,  Benton,  Charles,  Wesley  and 
Mary  A.  Mr.  C.  is  engaged  in  farming  and  resides  on  sec.  27. 
P.  6.,  Time. 

Miss  Mien  Cromwell,  Principal  of  tlie  Public  Schools,  Time, 
Pike  county.  111. 

Benjamin  C.  Culver,  sec.  20,  was  born  in  Chittenden  county, 
Yt. ;  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  the  common  schools  at 
home.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1858,  settling  on  sec.  20.  He 
has  been  married  3  times  and  is  the  father  of  9  children,  viz:  Lu- 
cina,  Jackson,  Clarissa,  Giles,  Judson,  Jay  L.,  Mary,  Adell  and 
Willy  E.,  dec. 

Jackson  C  Culver,  son  of  the  preceding,  was  born  in  Erie 
county.  Pa.,  April  20,  1834;  came  with  his  parents  to  Pike  county 
in  1859;  served  4  years  and  7  months  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  L,  12th 
Reg.  Penn.  Ca.v;  was  in  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
Gettysburg,  Winchester  and  others;  was  taken  prisoner  at  Gettys- 
burg and  confined  in  Libby  prison  6  weeks;  was  then  removed  to 
Bell  island  in  James  river,  where  he  was  held  3  months  and  ex- 
changed. He  was  wounded  near  Harper's  Ferry,  in  his  right  ankle, 
which  rendered  him  a  cripple  for  life.  He  is  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile business  in  Independence,  this  county,  and  carries  a  stock  of 
about  $3,000,  consisting  of  dry-goods,  groceries,  boots  and  shoes, 
hardware,  queens  ware, — in  fact,  everything  kept  in  a  first-class 
general  store.  He  has  won  the  confidence  of  the  people  and  is 
doing  a  good  business.  Feb.  11,  1>^72,  he  married  Martha, 
daughter  of  Samuel  Smart,  of  Detroit  tp. 

James  Dins  more,  an  early  pioneer,  was  born  in  Fleming  county, 
Ky.,  Sept.  25,  1808;  came  to  Scott  county  in  1825,  where  he  saw 
plenty  of  Indians,  and  in  1831  he  went  into  the  Black  Hawk  war; 
was  present  or  near  in'  at  the  evacuation  by  the  [ndiaus  of  an 
Indian  town  at  Rock  Island,  111.     In  May,  1819,  he  was  married  to 


592  msTORv  ok  pike  county, 

Sarah  Mars,  and  they  have  liad  14  children,  5  of  whom  are  living, 
— Eldrid;;e,  Marshall,  David,  George  and  Jane,  now  Mrs.  Dr. 
Scott,  of  Time.  Mr.  1).  removed  to  this  county  in  1838,  and  luia 
endured  the  hard&hii>.s  of  the -early  pioneers;  has  ground  c«>rn  in  a 
hand-mill  for  bread. 

Mai'HfuiU  Dln^iiurre^  son  of  tlio  preeetling,  was  horn  March  4, 
1S:?7,  in  Scott  county.  111.;  came  with  his  jtarents  to  this  county  in 
ls;iS;  went  with  tlio  lirst  emigration  across  the  plains  to  l-alifor- 
nia  in  ls4".>,  and  returnetl  with  the  tirst  company  that  returntd  hy 
way  of  the  Nicaragiui  route.  When  he  visited  Sacramento  City, 
there  was  but  one  house  there,  and  San  Francisco  was  about  the 
present  si/e  of  Montezuma  in  this  c«»unty.  lie  helped  to  erect  the 
hrst  hou^e  in  Georgetown,  California.  Dec.  31,  1^54,  he  married 
Martha  January,  who  was  born  in  Greene  county,  111.,  April  16, 
1^ '4,  and  they  have  4  children, — Susan  J.,  William  II.,  .Mary 
K.  and  Noiih  E.  Mr.  D.  is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising, 
and  resides  «tn  sec,  27,  this  tp.;  has  held  various  utlicea  of  trust. 
Four  of  his  brothers  were  in  the  late  war. 

/.  ./.  />yfr,  lawyer,  was  l>orn  in  Rutle«lge,  (Granger  Co.,  Tcnn., 
duly  >,  ls3l>,  an<l  is  a  sim  of  W.  M.  Dyer,  dec,  wh(»  came  to  .Jack- 
sonville with  his  fiimily  in  1x41,  where  our  subject  was  raised;  but 
ho  educiited  himself  after  his  marriage.  lie  attended  a  common 
Bchool,  in  company  witii  his  children,  in  this  tp.,  and  all  the  e.Y- 
iKMises  of  his  education  were  defrayo<l  by  his  own  hand,  by  hard 
labor  on  the  farm.  He  wjis  in  the  late  war  ami  wounded  in  the 
left  arm,  tlis^ibling  it  for  life.  He  has  been  married  twice,  and  is 
the  father  of  3  children,  namely,  Lyman  E.  and  Simon  L.,  twins, 
and  Etfie  B.  He  studied  law  in  the  Washington  I'niversity  Law 
School  lit  St.  Louis,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Illinois,  Sept.  13,  ls73. 

G.  E.  FUtcher^  a  native  of  Littleton,  Massachusetts,  was  born 
Nov.  10,  1832;  aune  witli  his  parenta  to  rike  aninty  in  1838, 
where  they  remaine«i  until  184«»,  when  they  removed  to  Clarksville, 
Mo.  He  is  a  coojHjr  and  miller  by  trade;  als»)  operated  a  steam- 
engine.  In  ls.')5  lie  cAmo  to  Pike  county;  iiere  he  engaged  in  farm- 
ing for  2  seasons;  has  been  marrieil  twice  and  is  the  father  of  3 
children, — John  H.,  Mary  E.  an<I  Sarah  O.,  dec.  In  the  fall  of 
1807  heengageil  in  the  mercantile  business  in  Time,  and  is  doing  a 
large  business;  carries  a  stock  of  ^^,500,  consisting  of  dry -goods, 
groceries,  boot*  and  shoes,  queensware,  etc. 

Aaron  Fuller  was  l)orn  in  JeHerson  c<junty,  l^a.,  Jan.  20,  1833; 
came  to  Greene  county,  111.,  in  1844;  has  resided  in  the  States  of 
Missouri,  Kansas  and  Arkansas  since  he  had  a  family.  In  Feb., 
1S54,  he  married  Elizal^eth  Oaks,  and  they  have  had  7  children,  of 
whom  4  are  living,  namely,  Mary  E.,  Ida  IL,  Clara  M.  and  Lillie 
B.  Mr.  Fuller  is  engage<l  in  lilacksmithing  and  wood  work  in 
Time,  and  does  a  good  business;  he  manufactures  a  very  good  plow, 
which  has  au  increasing  demand. 


HISTORY    OF   PIKE   COUNTY.  593 

M.  H.  Gr{fin,  pliysician;  was  born  in  Georgetown,  Brown  Co., 
O.,  March  29,  1833,  and  is  a  son  of  William  (iriffin,  dec,  who  emi- 
grated with  his  family  to  this  comity  in  1852.  lie  graduated  at 
the  Eclectic  Medical  Institute  at  Cincinnati,  0.,  receiving  his  di- 
ploma in  1879.  Tie  began  the  practice  of  medicine  in  this  tp.  in 
ISTl;  had  been  a  medical  student  for  3  years  previous  to  entering 
upon  the  duties  of  physician;  during  this  time  he  taught  school; 
he  served  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  E,  99th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  as  First 
Lieutenant,  and  was  in  the  battles  of  Magnolia  Hills,  Raymond, 
Jackson,  Miss.,  Champion  Hills,  Black  Kiver  Bridge,  sifege  of 
Yicksburg,  and  others.  In  December,  1858,  he  married  Louisa 
Hooper,  daughter  of  William  Hooper,  dec,  once  County  Treasurer 
of  Pike  county.  They  have  had  9  children,  of  whom  7  are  living, 
viz.:  William  W.,  Jessie  G.,  Maggie,  Nannie,  FaTinie,  John  and 
Hattie. 

Otis  A.  Ilaskms,  P.  O.  Time;  was  born  in  Bristol  county,  Mass., 
Nov.  21,  1816;  came  to  this  county  in  1844,  where  he  worked  at 
the  carpenter's  trade  for  one  year;  then  began  farming  as  a  renter. 
He  now  owns  over  1,000  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  is  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock-raising.  March  12,  1844,  he  married  Nancy 
Thomas,  daughter  of  Samuel  Thomas,  of  Greene  county.  111.,  and 
they  have  4  children, — William  H.,  Idelia,  Mary  J.  and  Samuel. 

t/.  G.  Haydon.,  Teacher  of  Pleasant  Grove  School,  was  born  in 
Hendricks  county,  Ind.,  Oct.  13,  1842,  and  is  a  son  of  Abner  Hay- 
don,  dec,  who  brought  his  family  to  Sangamon  county,  111.,  in 
1844.  He  labored  under  great  disadvantages  in  obtaining  his  edu- 
cation; at  the  age  of  16  he  was  unable  to  write  his  name,  but  by 
industry  and  perseverance  he  has  educated  himself,  and  is  now 
teaching.  The  pupils  of  his  school  are  advancing  rapidly  in  their 
respective  studies.  Oct.  29,  1869,  he  married  Lovena  J.  Kent, 
daughter  of  Ilenr}'  Kent,  well  known  in  the  early  settlement  of 
this  county.  Their  4  children  are, — Henry,  J.  G.,  Charley  and 
Nellie. 

George  A.  Henry,  son  of  Jacob  Henry,  who  came  from  Warren 
county,  Ky. ,  was  An  early  pioneer,  and  has  seen  many  hardships; 
he  did  the  milling  for  2  families;  carried  corn  on  a  horse,  and  so 
thronged  was  the  business  at  the  old  horse-mill  at  Milton  that  he 
would  be  compelled  to  arise  at  midnight  and  go  to  mill  in  order  to 
get  his  grinding  done  in  time  to  get  home  the  next  night;  would 
frequently  have  to  remain  all  night  at  the  mill  for  liis  grinding, 
with  no  place  to  sleep,  and  nothing  to  eat  but  parched  corn.  On 
one  occasion,  he  and  another  boy  were  there  all  night,  and  toward 
morning,  becoming  tired  of  parched  corn,  they  concluded  to  have 
a  change  of  diet.  The  proprietor  retired,  leaving  them  in  charge 
of  the  mill.  There  was  an  old  rooster  on  top  of  the  mill,  which, 
after  chasing  for  some  time,  they  succeeded  in  catching,  and  which 
they  picked  and  roasted,  and  ate  with  a  relish.  Notwithstanding 
the  hard  times,  there  was  ])lenty  of  wild  game  and  honey  to  be 
obtained.     July  24,  1850,  Mr.    Henry  was   married   to  Nancy  J. 


594  IIISTUkY    <•!•     I'lKK    COUNTY. 

Freneli,  and  they  had  14  children;  of  tliese,  10  are  liviiif^,  and  all 
at  lioine  but  the  eldest;  their  names  are  as  lollows:  Franklin  P., 
James  M..  Kmdint'.  William,  Austin,  Mary,  Florjv,  Ella,  (ieoriire 
and  Minnie.  Mr.  Ilenrv  resides  on  sec.  2,  this  tp.,  on  the  old 
home  place,  and  is  en^^a^ed  in  farming  and  stoek-raisinj^.  The 
house  where  he  attended  school  was  12  hy  14  feet,  and  iuid  a  mud- 
and-stick  chimney  and  a  clapboard  door;  the  scats  were  sawed 
from  a  lo<;  with  a  whip-saw;  they  had   no  stove,  but  a  large  fire- 

})laee;  the  wind»)W  consisted  of  a  log  cut  out  of  one  side  of  the 
louse,  with  cloth  pasted  over  the  crack.  On  windy  days  the  fire- 
place smoked  s<t  badly  that  the  school  would  retire  to  the  house  of 
Mr.   llenrv.     The  ceiling  ctnisisted   »»f  poles  covered  with  boards. 

Chas.  V.  J ohiiHOJiy  WuwivT,  sec.  21,  was  born  in  St.  Lawrence  ('o., 
^.  Y.,  May  15,  1815,  and  18  a  son  of  Charles  and  liachel  Johnson, 
dec  ;  ho  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  came  to  this  county  in  18;?7.  In 
1S3S  he  married  Kmily  Span  ;  4  of  their  S  children  are  living,  viz: 
Mary,  liebecca,  Phila  and  Kmma,  all  married.  .Mr.  .I.'s  father 
was  a  soldier  in  tiie  war  of  1S]2,  and  liis  son  was  lost  in  the  late 
war. 

Uttiry  Kent  wh.s  bom  in  l";iyi;iie  Co.,  Ky..  in  l>t)l,  and  is  a  s«»n 
of  Henry  ami  .Mary  Kent,  dec;  ho  was  eilucated  in  a  log  cabin, 
with  round  poles  for  seats,  a  log  cut  out  of  one  side  of  the  li<»n8e, 
with  a  greased  pa|H«r  pasted  over  the  cnick  for  a  window,  and  a 
huge  fire-place  in  one  end  for  warming  the  ro«Mn.  (joining  in 
lS3r»  to  this  wild  West,  Mr.  Kent  has  killed  many  a  <leer  in  this 
County,  and  witnessed  the  scenes  of  pioneer  times.  He  is  a  black- 
smith by  trade,  but  hju»  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising  and 
speculating  in  laml  since  C4tming  to  Hlinois.  He  has  beet)  married 
twice,  and  is  the  father  «»f  15  children,  of  whom  S  are  living, — 
Gei>rge  W.,  .Martha,  Marv,  Kli/.a  J.,  Fannie,  Lovina,  Charlotte  and 
Henrietta.  Two  sons,  Walter  D.  and  Newton  P.,  were  soldiers  in 
the  late  war. 

J>avid  iMcy,  fanner  aii'i  t>iock-raiser,  sec.  12.  was  born  in  Da- 
vidson Co.,  N.C.,  June  25,  1818,  and  is  a  son  «tf  Daniel  and  Eliza- 
beth Lacy,  dec.,  who  brought  their  family  to  Pike  county  in  1839. 
Our  subject  came  to  this  county  in  1842,  where  he  engaged  in  tiie 
masonry  business  until  IS.'il  ;  lie  was  nnirried  in  1855  to  Mrs. 
Catharine  M.  Devol,  and  they  have  0  children, — Margaret  A.,  Julia 
F.,  Lincoln  S.,  Sarah  E.,  Lucretia  B.  and  Amanda  J.  Mr.  Lacy 
went  overland  to  California  in  1852,  and  returned  by  ship  in  1853. 

Alvin  J/'n'n.  son  of  Andrew  Main,  was  born  Jan.  17,  1844,  in 
this  tp.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  when  in  his  l8th  year  he 
enlisted  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  i*>,  2Mh  Keg.  L  V.  L,  and  served 
3  years;  he  was  in  the  battles  of  Shilob,  llatchie  River,  siege  of 
Yicksbnrg  and  others.  Sept.  7,  1865,  he  married  Miss  Lydia  Foot, 
daughter  of  (yeorge  D.  Foot,  of  Newl>urg  tp. ;  they  have  H  cliil- 
dren, — Clara  M.,  Uufus  H.,  Josiah  S ,  Blanche  M.,  R.  L  and  Geor- 
giaua.  Mr.  M.  resides  on  sec.  8,  this  tp.,  and  is  engaged  in  gen- 
eral farming. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  595 

Andreio  Main,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  5,  was  born  in  Jack- 
son Co.,  O.,  Aug.  6,  islT,  and  is  a  son  of  Solomon  and  Susan  Main, 
so  well  known  in  the  early  settlement  of  this  county,  who  came 
here  in  1828.  He  loaned  his  gun  to  a  friend  to  use  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war,  which,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  was  returned,  and  he 
was  also  a  soldier  in  that  war.  Andrew  Main  was  educated  in  a 
log  house  with  slab  seats,  greased  paper  for  windows,  and  a  large* 
iire-])lace  in  one  end.  Mr.  M.  used  to  go  to  a  horse-mill  on  horse- 
back, and  in  the  earlier  ]iart  of  their  pion.eer  life  he  ground  corn 
in  a  hand-mill  ;  he  hunted  with  the  Indians  and  killed  deer  with 
them.  Sept.  28,  1838,  he  married  Lutilia  Johnson,  and  they  have 
had  15  children,  9  of  whom  are  living  ;  their  names  are  Alvin, 
Andrew  P.,  Colonel,  Philip,  George,  William,  Thomas,  Jane  and 
Minerva. 

George  Main  was  born  in  Beaver,  now  Lawrence,  county,  Pa., 
Dec.  17,  1838,  and  is  a  son  of  Daniel  Main,  dec,  who  brought  his 
family  to  this  county  in  1859,  settling  in  this  tp.,  where  he  resided 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1873.  Our  subject  was  married 
in  1866  to  Miss  Myra  Williams,  and  their  children  are  Fred, 
George,  Owen,  Myrtle  and  Ralph.  Mr.  Main  is  a  blacksmith, 
wagon  and  plow  maker,  in  company  with  Mr.  Philip,  in  Time  ; 
they  do  a  good  business,  and  give  general  satisfaction.  Mr.  Main 
has  held  various  offices  of  trust  in  this  tp. ;  served  over  3  years  in  the 
late  war  in  Co.  K,  2d  Reg.  111.  Cav,,  and  was  in  54  engagements, 
among  which  were  the  following  :  Middleburg,  Lamare,  Holly 
Springs,  siege  of  Yicksburg,  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  Pleasant  Hills, 
Yellow  Bayou,  etc.  He  was  ca})tured  at  Middleburg  and  held 
prisoner  at  Vicksburg  for  6  weeks,  when  he  was  exchanged. 

Jacob  Main  was  born  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  14,  1848,  and  is 
a  son  of  Daniel  Main,  deceased,  who  first  came  to  this  county  about 
the  year  1850,  and  moved  his  fannly  here  in  1852.  Our  subject 
was  married  Sept.  7,  1868,  to  Mary  Mortion,  daughter  of  Matthew 
Mortion,  deceased.  They  have  had  4  children,  of  whom  3  are  liv- 
ing, viz:  Effie,  Ottie  and  Almira.  Mr.  Main  is  a  farmer,  and  resides 
on  sec.  19.     P.  O.,  Pittsfield. 

Philip  J.  Main,  brother  of  the  preceding,  was  born  in  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  12,  1845;  he  is  a  brother  and  partner  of  George 
Main,  of  Time.  He  came  to  Illinois  with  his  parents  in  1859,  and 
in  1871  was  married  to  Josephine  Ilorton,  bf  whom  he  has  had 
2  children;  only  one,  Vinnie,  is  living.  He  served  100  days  in  the 
late  war,  in  Co.  H,  137tli  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  and  was  in  the  battle  of 
Memphis,  Tenn. 

Cyrus  MeFaddin  was  born  in  Brown  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  16, 1840,  and 
is  a  son  of  Jacob  and  Elizabeth  MeFaddin.  He  came  to  Illiiu)is  in 
1852,  remaining  one  year,  when  he  returned  to  Ohio;  came  back 
to  this  county  in  1855;  he  served  3  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co. 
G,  99th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  and  was  in  the  battles  of  Magnolia  Hills, 
Champion  Hills,  Black  River  Bridge,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Jackson, 
Miss.,  and   others.     Feb.   11,  1869,  he  married  Miss  Rebecca  J. 


696  IlISTOKY    OF    riKK    COINTY. 

Mitcliell,  fitid  they  Imve  liiid  G  cliildren;  of  tlieee  4  are  living, 
namely,  Mary  N.,  Frank  W.,  Charles  L.  and  George  A.  Mr.  Mc- 
Fadiliii  resides  on  sec.  22,  and  is  engaged  in  fanning  and  the  rais- 
ing ot"  stock. 

James  B.  Miller^  deceased,  was  l)orn  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  April 
25,  1818,  and  was  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Lydia  Milhr,  deceased. 
He  came  to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1S53,  and  settle<l  in  Monte- 
zuma tj>.  2  years,  then  remt>ved  to  this  tp.,  where  he  engaged  in 
farming  on  sec.  IH  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Feh.  11,  1S74. 
He  was  a  worthy  meml>orof  the  New-School  Preshyterian  Church 
for  manv  years;  was  also  an  Elder  for  30  years,  lie  was  a  ;:en- 
erous,  kitid  hearted  man.  In  1S41  he  married  Miss  Mary  (iritlin, 
daughter  of  Wm.  (Trillin,  deceji>t«d,  who  i»rt»ught  his  family  to  this 
county  in  1S.52  ;  she  is  also  a  sister  of  I)r.  Grillin,  of  Time  ;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Miller  had  11  children;  of  these  S  are  living,  to-wit:  Sam- 
uel W.,  Sarah  F.,  "William  F..  K''  '  'h  (4..  Lvdia,  Aniui,  liohert 
B.  and  tiamcs  A.     Mrs.  Miller  n    .  ii  tln'old  Inniir  j»lace.      We 

give  Mr.  Miller's  |>ortrait  in  this  volume. 

James  V.  Moore,  a  veteran  of  the  Mexiam  war.  was  Ijorn  .March 
4,  1S18,  and  is  a  son  of  .lames  and  Mary  .Moore,  «leceased,  who 
moved  with  their  family  from  Uussellville,  Ivy.,  to  Charleston,  (/oles 
Co.,  III.,  in  lh3«5.  Our  subject  wan  a  schoolmate  of  the  n(»ted  des- 
j>eradoe«,  the  James  boys,  r.ear  iiussellvillc,  I^»gatj  Co.,  Ky.  lie 
serve<l  oneyear  as  2d  Li<  !t  inCo.  C,  5th  Keg.  I.  V.  I.,  when  he 

l>ecame  di-' '    r.......  .  ,,   ,,,,  els  of  which  lie  has  never  recovered. 

He  draws  :^  on.     In  ls41>  he  married  Marv  A.  Norton, 

and  their  children  are  Laura  Tyler,  of  Fc»rt  Scott,  Kansas,  Charley, 
telegraph  o|H'nitor  at  Tallula,  III.,  and  Dora  Smith,  of  St.  Ix)ui8. 
Mr.    •   '  ^frs.  Moore  r('^id«'  in  Time. 

II  li.  J/<"'/t .  teacher  of  I'nion  8cluK)l,  district  No.  4,  Hardin 

tp..  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  was  l»orn  April  is,  ls4S.  He  waa 
educate*!  at  North  Missouri  Nt>rmal  ScIhm»I,  at  Kirksville,  Mo. 
T>ec.  24.  1S72,  he  married  Miss  Jennie,  (laughter  of  William  H. 
Uennett,  «»f  Pitt.-lield.  .Mr.  .Moore  a^nducts  hits  school  on  tli.- latest 
normal  plans,  and  is  a  successful  teacher. 

Alvin  Petty  was  born  in  Pike  county,  M<».,  Oct.  15,  lP2G.  His 
father,  Fisher  Petty,  came  to  this  c*junty  in  1S28,  having  emigrated 
from  Columbus,  Ohio,  to  Pike  county.  Mo.,  when  a  young  man. 
When  the  Petty  fairtily  located  here,  the  lanil  was  nearly  all  vacant 
between  their  residence  and  where  Pittsfield  now  stands.  Atlas 
was  tlien  the  cotjuty-seat.  Deer,  turkey,  wolves,  etc.,  were  plenty 
at  that  time,  deer  being  nearly  or  <juite  as  tame  as  modern  sheep; 
they  would  fre<juently  come  within  a  few  rods  of  the  house,  and 
turkeys  would  ]>ass  through  the  yard.  Feb.  7,  1849,  Mr.  Alvin 
Petty  married  Julia  A.  Duffield.  daughter  of  James  Duffield,  of 
Martinsburg  t]>..  who  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1^12,  and  is  82 
years  old.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Petty  have  had  8  children,  of  whom  7  are 
living, — Marion  M.,  Catharine,  Isaac  N.,  James  F.,  Ella,  William 
and   Freilerick.     Mr.  Petty  is  a  natural  ^'cnius,  and  has  worked  at 


.ilf    v 


t. 

.c 


a^-^-^^  S.  /'7(:^£-c^ 


HAPOIN    Tf 


HISTOKV    ()K    riKK    COUNTV.  599 

nearly  all  kinds  t)t"  ineclianical  labor;  but  liis  i^eneral  occupation  is 
fanning  and  stock-raising,  lie  resides  on  sec.  5;  owns  293  acres 
of  valuable  land. 

J.  11.  Rainwater^  teacher  of  Honey  Creek  school,  this  tp.,  was 
born  Dec.  11,  1858,  and  is  a  son  of  John  Rainwater,  deceased,  wlio 
died  in  JNashville,  Tenn.,  during  the  llebellioii.  Mr.  II.  was  edu- 
cated in  Pittstield,  and  has  chosen  teaching  as  liis  vocation.  His 
school  is  well  conducted,  and  he  has  won  the  confidence  of  parents 
and  pupils. 

Josiph  J/.  Russell^  a  native  of  this  county,  was  born  in  Martins- 
burg  tp..  May  7,  1837,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Mary  Russell,  de- 
ceased, so  well  known  in  the  early  liistory  of  this  county;  his  father 
helped  survey  the  present  town  ])lat  of  Pittstield.  The  Indians 
were  their  nearest  neighbors,  and  the  wolves  made  the  night  hid- 
eous with  their  howling.  Our  sui)ject  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and 
now  resides  on  sec.  19.  Aug.  "IQ.,  1859,  he  married  Martha  Kiser, 
daughter  of  Samuel  Kiser,  deceased.  They  have  6  children, — 
Eliza,  John,  Mary,  George,  David  and  Elmer.  Mrs.  Russell  was 
born  in  Warren  county,  Ind.,  March  5,  1843,  and  was  brought  by 
her  parents  in  the  fall  of  1844,  to  this  county,  where  she  has  since 
resided. 

Anthony  Sonner  was  born  Oct.  17,  1830,  in  Highland  county, 
Ohio,  and  is  a  son  of  Jacob  Sonner,  deceased,  lie  came  to  Pike 
county  in  1860,  where  he  has  since  resided;  he  is  a  miller  by  trade, 
but  has  been  engaged  in  farming  since  coming  to  Illinois,  until  the 
last  3  years.  In  Oct.,  1855.  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Hicks,  and 
thev  had  6  children;  of  these,  3.  are  living, — Charley,  Ora  and* 
Brady. 

Evans  Scott,  physician,  was  born  in  Somerset  county,  Pa.,  Feb. 
7,  1835.  He  was  educated  ])artly  in  Ohio  and  ])artly  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  graduated  at  the  Medical  College  at  Keokuk,  Iowa,  in 
1864;  he  served  over  3  years  in  the  late  war  in  the  3d  111.  Cav. ; 
the  greater  part  of  the  time  he  had  charge  of  a  ward  in  a  hospital 
at  Keokuk.  He  began  ])ractice  at  Time,  in  1865.  He  now  has  a 
large  practice. 

Richard  Thornton  was  born  in  this  tp..  May  18,  1840,  and  is  a 
son  of  ^^athan  and  Lucinda  Thornton.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm 
and  is  now  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising,  and  resides  on 
sec.  17.  He  was  married  March  16,  1864,  to  Margaret  Watson 
and  their  4  children  are  James  A.,  Benjamin  F.,  Flora  H.  and  Nella 
J.  Mrs.  Thornton  died  Jan  20,  1875',  and  March  10,  1876,  Mr.  T. 
married  Phi  la  V.  Johnson,  daughter  of  Charles  V.  Johnson:  they 
liave  one  child,  Richard  S. 

John  L.  Troutnev  was  born  in  this  t]).  May  11,  1847,  and  is  a 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  Joseph  Troutner,  who  came  to  this  county  from 
Ohio,  in  1838,  settling  near  Pittstield,  and  was  a  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser,  and  was  also  Dejmty  Sheriff  of  the  county  about  as  early  as 
1841 ;  he  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  24  years  in  succession,  and  was 
School  Treasurer  12  years;  also  filled  other  offices  of  trust;  he 
clerked  in  the  first  store  at  Pittstield;  he  died  at  his  residence  in 

S5 


<>0U  HlfToKV    (>V    I'IKK    OODNTV. 

this  tp.  Oct,  22,  ls78,  highly  ei^teciuetl  by  all.  John  L.  is  the 
eldest  ot  12  chiMroii,  all  living;;  was  marrifil  in  July,  1^49,  to  Isa- 
bella Elder,  who  was  burn  in  Fl(»renee,  J'ike  C\t.  He  resides  on 
sec.  11>.  an<i  is  eni^a;4e«l  in  tannini;. 

/I'lrr;/  W  /lite,  son  of  Silas  and  Louisa  iJones)  White,  was  born 
May  li^,  1^*45,  and  raided  as  a  wool-earder;  he  operated  the  woolen 
mills  in  Time  tiom  I'^O.'i  to  ls7»i;  he  ^erved  3  years  in  the  late  war 
in  Co.  1),  l-'t  lie;;.  M.  \' .  I.;  was  f<»r  awhile  in  lienl<>n  llarracks 
at  St.  Louis;  has  worke<l  in  a  mill  all  summer  and  travele<l  in  the 
winter;  has  ^one  t'roui  HntValoto  Denver;  owns  a  farm  in  Franklin 
county,  Kan.;  was  a  farmer  and  stuck-raiser  in  Kansas  4  years. 
In  1S7<)  he  married  Mattie  I '.a;;  by,  daughter  »•!  E.  D.  lia^by.  dec; 
tliey  luivo  one  ehild,  Trula.  He  is  a  t'armer  and  stix'k-raiser  on  sec. 
9.  While  in  the  service  he  was  in  the  battles  of  Pilot  Knob,  liound 
Pond,  Mill  (-reek  and  others. 

iStirnnfl  Wilhtrd,  a  native  of  this  county,  was  born  \\x\f.  25, 
1JS43;  wa>  e«lueat«Hl  in  a  eommon  hchool  and  raise<l  (»n  a  farm.  At 
the  age  of  10  he  enlisted  in  the  war  an«l  served  .'i  years  in  Co.  V.^ 
9JUh  L  V.  L,  and  wa«*  in  the  baltb•^  of  Port  (iibson,  Mlaek  Kiver 
Hritlp",  hie^^e  of  V^icksbur^'.  Fort  IMakely,  Spanish  F()rt  and  otherh; 
was  also  detailed  unLxifian;  was  honorably  <liheliar»<eil  .1  idy  ^U, 
1865.  He  was  marriotl  in  1807  to  Miss  Frances  Miller,  <iaughter 
of  .lames  P.  Miller,  dec.  Mr.  W.  owns  120  acres  of  laml  in  Mar- 
tinsburir  tp.,  but  now  resides  in  Time. 

Jlenrtj  J.  Will i-i ins  vini>  U>rn  in  S<*ott  county.  Ky.,  Sept.  S."),  1S2*», 
and  is  a  son  of  Thompson  Williams,  who  remove<l  with  liih  family  to 
Jacksonville,  III.,  in  1S32,  and  in  1833  came  Ut  this  county,  locating; 
in  M(»nte/nma  tp.,  on  what  was  known  as  Franklin  Prairie,  on  sec.  '.♦. 
Our  subjeet  wa.s  raised  a  farmer,  and  received  his  education  in  an 
old  K»g  scluMd-housc  with  a  stick  chimney,  slal)  Iwnehes,  an<l  a  tire- 
place  in  one  end,  l>etween  7  and  8  feet  wide.  .Mr  .Williams  wiis  in 
rittstield  when  there  was  but  one  hous**  there;  the  prairie  ^'i  : 
was  U.S  hi^jh  a.«.  a  horse's  back.  He  moved  to  Pittsfield  in  l^^.-i., 
remaining;  there  alniut  •'»  months,  when  he  remove<l  to  ^ec.  22,  this 
tp.,  where  ho  still  resides,  and  is  enpij^e<l  in  farming  and  stock- 
raising;  he  h.is  luui  a  tine  two-story  brick  residence,  which  was 
burnetl  in  l^»;i.  He  now  owns  1,I<mi  acres  of  valuable  land.  June 
♦'i,  iS.'iO,  hentarried  Kuth  A .  Chenoweth,  who  wa*  l>«»rn  in  Maconili. 
McDonough  county.  III.  They  have  11  children,  viz:  Abbie,  Laura. 
Amanda,  ilenry,  .Mary  E.,  Uobert,  Nola,  Ilose,  John,  Charley  and 
Stella,  The  eldest  is  alx»ut  20  years  old.  It  is  a  remarkable  fact 
that  there  has  never  occurred  a  death  or  a  we<lding  in  thiu  family. 
Mr.  Williams'  father  and  Jacob  Ho«lgen  founded  the  first  Chrih- 
tian  Church  in  Montezuma  tp.,  which  was  the  first  Church  of  that 
denomination  in  the  eastern  part  of  Pike  c<»unty.  They  had  to 
irrind  their  corn  in  a  horse  ujill  or  an  ox  mill.  Mr.  W.  hasactuallv 
gone  to  mill  every  day  in  the  week  and  returned  with  no  meal  on 
Saturday  night,  so  thronged  was  the  mill.  He  ha.s  ridden  10  ujiles 
on  horseback  many  times  to  mill,  and  arrived  there  Ijefore  daylight. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  601 

Andrew  Yae(jei\  a  native  of  Gennany,  was  born  Oct.  24,  1828; 
came  to  America  in  1853,  settling  in  Newburg  tp.,  where  he  re- 
sided until  186Y,  and  then  removed  to  this  tp.,  locating  on  sec. 
14,  where  he  still  resides,  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 
In  1853  he  married  J^arbara,  daughter  of  Adam  Kern,  dec.  Not 
having  money  enough  to  marry  according  to  the  laws  of  Cxermany, 
Mr.  Yaeffer  brousrhi  his  intended  wife  to  America  and  married  her 
here.  They  have  had  8  children,  of  whom  7  are  living,  namely, 
Lucy  .T.,  Mary  A.,  John  G.,  Barbara  M.,  William  F.,  Henry  C, 
and  Anna  C. 


SPUIN(;  CIIKKK  TOWNsmi'. 

Tiiis  id  uiie  tif  the   Butitlieni  tier   of  townships,  urui    in  boiiiidtHl 
upon  the  north    by  Ilanlin,   th«  by    Pearl,  sontli   by  Ciilhouii 

county,  Hii«l  upoti  the  wotit  by  1'  ;  Hill  town!ihi|>.      It  is  u  t'lill 

(,\uii;rfebio!iul    township  ami    r-  ;   it*  imnie  from  the  j)rincipal 

stream  which  runs  through  it.  1  lie  surface  16  very  broken  and 
principally  covere<i  with  titubor,  with  small  necks  of  prairie.  Many 
sprin<r^  of  sparkling  water  are  foun<l  pushing  from  the  hillsides  in 
thih  township. 

>  is  Wils(»n  came  to  the  township  in  1S32.  and  erected  a  lo^ 
cabin  and  made  other  improvements,  on  e»eo.  s,  wlicre  he  remained 
for  many  years.  lienj.  .\lliftun,  I)avid  Soranttui,  liarnard  ('ol 
lins,  J.  1'.  Stark  and  .Mr.  Ilolli>  canje  in  wM»n  after.  Tliese ejirly 
pil;;rimB  did  not  find  all  the  coiiveuiences  wiiicli  makeg  life  plea>ant. 
The  hunting  wa«  l>etter  than  now,  buYall  those  things  which  are 
now  thought  to  be  n«  e  then  wanting.      M>>nev  was  so 

scarce  that  it  wah  har>.  .  ;.         is  a  i'ommodit}*.      In  |>lace  of  the 

Shorthorn  cattle  and  Herkshire  hogs,  which  can  l»e  seen  in  every 
nafcture  and  feed-yanl  in  this  magniHcent  auinty,  were  the  black, 
hrindle,  jde-bald,  pidli-^l,  '  !    ckled  cattle  which,  for  the 

want  of  a  natne  were  u^u.i.._ i,..;,,es.     They  were  as  uneven 

in  quality  as  varieL'Mr*'<l  in  color,  aiul  lacked  all  the  In-ef  «jualities 
for  which  their  su  s,  the  Shorthorns,  are  so  fatnous.     They 

answeretl  tlie  pur|»opc  tor  which  they  were  wanted,  however,  |)er- 
hapstull  as  well  if  not  In'tter  than  the  present  jMtpular  breed  wouM 
have  done.  The  working  cattle  were  livelv  and  endured  fatigue 
and  heat  well,  and  even  after  they  wore  fattetl  thev  sttKxl  the  long 
drives  which  the  then  system  of  marketing  dematiJed,  much  Iwtter 
than  the  cattle  of  the  j»resent  day  would.  They  couhl  hardly  have 
l>eeu  called  liandsome,  btit  thev  were  in  all  wavs  the  chief  heli)  and 
profit  of  the  farmer.  As  much  can  hanlly  l>esaid  of  the  wind-splitting 
prairie  n»oters  that  were  the  only  hogs  then  known  in  these  {tarts; 
but  they  were  hogs,  and  did  not  like  to  be  trifled  with.  They  lived 
on  roots  and  luits  and  could  outrun  a  horse.  When  the  farmer 
went  to  feed  them  he  j)ut  the  corn  where  he  was  sure  the  c<»ntrary 
fellows  would  fiiul  it.  If  he  had  tried  to  call  them  with  that  long, 
.*onorous  half  shout  and  half  groan  n<jw  in  use  to  bring  hogs  to 
their  feed,  the  chances  are  decidedly  that  he  would  have  scare<l 
them  out  of  the  timber  and  mi'jht  never  have  seen  them;  but  they 
were  handy  to  drive,  as  men  tlien  had  to  drive  hogs  to  market. 


HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY.  603 

Rachel  Collins  was  the  first  white  child  born  in  the  township, 
her  birth  occurring  in  1833.  Joseph  Collins,  who  died  the  same 
year,  was  the  first  person  to  die  in  the  township.  Joel  Meacham 
and  Sarah  Adkins  were  the  first  couple  united  in  marriage.  The 
ceremony  was  pertbntied  by  Rev.  Levi  Ilinman,  who  also  preached 
the  first  sermon  in  the  township  in  1833.  He  was  a  minister  of 
the  Baptist  denomination.  F.  A.  Collins  was  the  first  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  and  John  P.  Stark  the  first  Supervisor.  All  of  the 
earliest  adventurers  are  now  gone,  most  of  them  to  that  country 
which  is  always  new,  but  where  the  hardships  and  privations  of  pio- 
neer life  are  never  known. 

VILLAGES. 

Neho. — This  little  village  is  situated  on  the  Louisiana  branch  ot 
the  Chicago  &  Alton  Railroad,  and  is  a  lively  business  point.  The 
gentlemen  who  represent  the  leading  business  interests  of  the  town, 
— Win.  E.  Davis,  David  Ilollis,  Mr.  Moore,  the  miller,  and  Dr. 
Pollock, — are  spoken  of  personally  below. 

Stewart. — This  is  a  station  on  the  Chicago,  Alton  6z  St.  Louis 
Railway;  is  situated  on  the  northeast  quarter  of  section  23,  and  the 
northwest  quarter  of  section  24,  of  this  township,  and  was  laid  out 
by  County  Surveyor  H.  J.  Harris,  in  1872,  for  D.  W.  Knight, 
Daniel  Allison  and  John  McCormick. 

CHURCHES. 

The  Neho  Baptist  Church  was  organized  .on  the  first  Saturday  in 
April,  1863,  by  Rev.  J.  J.  W.  Place,  with  a  membership  of  37. 
The  congregation  erected  a  house  of  worship  in  1864  and  now  has 
services  once  each  month,  and  sustains  a  Sundav-school  during:  fhe 
snmmer  season.  The  present  membership  numbers  67.  Rev.  F. 
H.  Lewis  is  Pastor. 

The  Regular  Predestlnarian  Baptist  Church  at  Spring  Creek, 
was  constituted  in  August,  iS62,  by  Elder  Samuel  Applegate,  with 
16  members.  The  society  worshiped  for  about  five  years  in  the 
Spring  Creek  school-house,  which  stood  where  Nebo  now  stands. 
They  erected  a  house  of  worship  in  1857  or  185b,  which  was  burned 
in  February,  187!^  The  following  autumn  they  erected  another 
and  a  more  commodious  and  substantial  church  building.  The 
present  Pastor  is  S.  R.  Williams. 

PERSONAL  SKETCHES. 

The  personal  mention  of  any  community  forms  the  most  inter- 
esting feature  of  its  history.  As  part  of  the  history  of  Spring 
Creek  township  we  make  mention  of  the  following  early  settlers 
and  prominent  citizens. 

Nathan  Allison.  Being  an  old  settler  of  Pike  county,  Mr.  A.  is 
identified   with  its  history,  and  therefore,  should  have  more  than 


<»M4  HISTORV    OF    riKK    COCNTV. 

passing  notice  in  a  work  vt'  this  nature,  lie  wats  horn  in  Pike 
County,  ().,  March  s,  1^17,  and  is  tlie  t^on  tit"  Benjamin  Alli8on.  one 
ot'  the  pioneer."*  of  Pike  county,  and  who  removed  from  ()hi(»  to 
Indiana  in  1821,  and  to  tliig  county  in  1834;  in  1S30  he  purchased 
tlie  farm  of  Sihis  WiLson  on  sec.  S,  Spring;  Creek  township,  upon 
which  was  the  only  hou.-JO  in  the  township,  and  the  Allison  family 
wa.«*  the  only  t)ne  resiiliui;  in  the  township, until  a  few  months  hitcr, 
wiien  the  Scranton  fauiily  nu»vod  in.  Our  subject  located  in  Cal- 
houn county  in  the  fall  of  183<l,  and  there  constructed  ijuite  a  novel 
mill,  there  hein^  a  stream  in  the  hillside  near  his  house.  He  made 
a  trou<;h.  whicli  worke«l  on  a  pivot.  To  one  end  of  thetrouj;h  was 
attached  a  lar^je  maul  or  pounder,  which  set  in  a  hox  or  trough 
beneath;  the  other  en<l  of  the  troui^h  was  placed  under  the  falling 
water  otj  the  hillside;  a«  soon  as  the  trough  was  tilled  with  water 
one  end  would  Ik*  t)verbalanced,  and  at  the  same  time 
the  water  would  pour  out  of  it,  when  immediately  the  pouuder 
would  fall  down  witii  a  thud,  aiui  smash  the  few  grains  of  corn 
that  were  in  the  mortar.  Occasionally  an  unfortunate,  coon  would 
step  in  to  partake  of  some  of  the  nu'al  and  would  remain  there 
until  stMiie  one  aimc  to  his  rescue,  and  he  would  come  out  all 
man;;led  and  bloedinjj,  never  more  to  return  to  the  forest.  Mr.  A. 
was  marrieii  in  ls3fi  to  Eliuil>eth  Wilson, dauj^hter of  Sihi^  Wilson; 
and  they  had  tour  chiltlren,  of  whom  two  are  living;, —  Mahala  and 
Feli.x.  Mrs.  Allis<mdied  in  184!».  Mr.  Alli.'*4in  is  now  living  with 
his  fourth  wife.  He  er(>cte<l  the  tirst  house  in  Nebo,  and  is  now 
encra^ed  in  farming  ami  the  raising  of  gt(x:k  on  bcc.  30. 

Wtn.  11.  Ji'irns,  teacher  of  Nebraska  schools,  Sj)ring  Creek  town- 
ship, W-;  '  -n  in  this  county  Oct.  li*.  1843,  and  is  a  son  of  John  S. 
l»;i«ii-,  -il.      He  With  marrie«l  in  lS73to  .Martha. I.  Mays.    To 

them  have  been  born  three  children, — Minnie  I).,  James  H.  M. 
and  an  infant,  deceaseti.  Mr.  W.  has  a  very  large  and  interesting 
school, — indeed.  ..'e  that  one  with   th<-  most  unthigging  energy 

arid  dispatch  cm  ..  .y  do  justice  to  it.  He  hear.-  oO  recitations 
daily  and  keeps  exceptionally  good  onler,  although  many  of  the 
]»u)»iU  are  very  small. 

VTilliam  S.  nw^han'in,  tarmcr  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  30,  was  born 
March  s.  1S33,  in  Calhoun  c<»unty,  HI.,  and  is  a  sf>n  of  tlie  late 
Henrv  P.  Puchanan;  he  was  reared  on  a  farm  in  a  wild  section  of 
the  country  where  deer,  wolves,  etc.,  were  numerous,  and  has  killed 
many  deer  and  other  wild  animals.  There  was  no  free-school  sys- 
tem here  in  th»».*e  early  days,  and  money  lieing  a  scarce  article  in 
pioneer  days,  .Mr.  B.'s  educational  advantages  were  like  those 
of  other  pioneer  boys,  very  meager.  He  was  married  in  1855 
to  Miss  Catharine  Mc(^onnell,  daui;hter  of  Robert  McConnell, 
deceased,  a  pioneer  of  Pike  c«»unty.  Mo.  They  have  had  12  chil- 
dren, only  4  of  whom  are  living, — Rolnirt  H.,  Mary  O.,  Thomas 
A.  and  James  A.  Besides  a  farmer.  Mr.  B.  is  also  a  blacksmith  and 
wagonmaker, — in  fact,  he  can  do  almost  any  kind  of  work  he  turns 
his  hand  to. 


HISTORY    (»F    I'IKE    COUNTY.  605 

John  A.  Bunn  was  born  in  Pike  county,  Mo.,  March  4,  1845,  and 
is  a  son  of  (xeorge  Bunn,  deceased.  Mr.  B.  went  into  Calhoun 
county.  111.,  with  his  mother  in  1851,  where  he  remained  until 
1865,  wlien  he  went  to  Missouri  and  remained  five  j'ears;  lie  came 
to  this  county  in  the  spring  of  1871  and  resides  on  sec.  36, 
where  he  is  engaged  in  farming.  He  was  marriedjin  1871  to  Mary  E. 
Borrowman,  by  whom  he  has  four  children, — Minnie  O.,  Edgar  II., 
deceased,  Cora  A.  and  Hattie  A. 

E.  B.  Collard  was  born  Oct,  16,1841,  in  Pleasant  Hill  township, 
this  count}',  and  is  a  son  of  John  J.  and  Mary  E.  Collard,  deceased, 
so  well-known  in  the  early  settlement  of  Pike  county.  His  father 
filled  the  office  of  County  Clerk  of  Pike  count}'  for  two  terms  and 
filled  every  county  office  as  deputy,  except  that  of  Survej'or.  Our 
subject  was  raised  for  the  most  part  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  the 
common  schools;  he  was  married  Nov.  25,  ls77,  to  Miss  Emily  M. 
Harpole,  daughter  of  L.  C.  Harpole,  of  this  township.  They  have 
one  child,  Arthur  B.  Mr.  Collard  is  engaged  in  the  mercantile 
business  at  Strout  Station,  on'the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis  R. 
R.,  and  carries  a  stock  of  about  $1,500,  consisting  of  dry-goods, 
groceries,  boots  and  shoes,  and  the  general  variety  usually  kept  in 
a  first-class  store.  He  is  also  Agent  for  the  Railroad  Coin])any, 
express  agent  and    Postmaster. 

John  Collyer  was  born  in  Owen  county,  Ind.,  June  30,  1838, 
and  is  a  son  of  AVilliam  Collyer,  deceased;  Mr.  C,  was  reared  on  a 
farm,  and  is  now  ensraored  in  farming  and  stock-raisins'  on  sees. 
7  and  8;  he  came  to  this  county  in  1851,  and  was  married  Aug.  15, 
1857,  to  Miss  Ellen  Baker;  to  them  have  been  born  five  children, 
four  of  whom  are  living,  namely,  William  E.,  Llewella,  Nora  A. 
and  John  M. 

Leonard  G.  Hamner^  agriculturist  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  8, 
was  born  May  31,  1832,  and  is  a  son  of  Jesse  Hamner,  deceased; 
he  was  brought  up  on  the  farm  and  educated  in  the  common  school; 
Aug.  23,  1854,  lie  married  Miss  Pearcy  Wilson,  b}'  whom  he  has 
had  six  children:  of  these  3  are  living,  namely,  Eliza  J.,  Minerva 
A.  and  John  Henry,     P.  O.,  Nebo. 

Bruce  Ilarpole,  farmer,  stock-raiser  and  dealer  in  stock,  sec. 
27.  Was  boi'n  in  Pleasant  Hill  township,  this  county,  Nov.  12, 
1835,  and  is  a  son  of  Adam  and  Lucinda  (McMullen)  Harpole,  so 
well  known  in  the  early  settlement  of  this  county.  Mr.  H.  was 
raised  a  farmer's  boy  and  knows  all  about  grubbing  and  picking 
brush,  rolling  logs,  driving  oxen,  etc.  He  has  ])l()wed  with  the 
wooden  mold-board  plow,  used  wooden-wheeled  wagons  and  hickory- 
bark  lines  in  driving  horses.  He  was  married  Nov.  13,  1859,  to 
Miss  Rebecca  E.  Stark,  daughter  of  John  P.  Stark.  Four  of  their 
eight  children  are  living,— Adam,  J^ucinda,  Robert  J),  and  Charlie  A. 
Charles  E.  Harpolr  was  born  in  Calhoun  county,  March  22, 1846, 
and  is  a  son  of  Adam  and  Lucinda  Harpole;  the  former  is  de- 
ceased, and  the  latter  is  residing  near  her  son  in  this  county.  Mr. 
H.  was  reared  on  a  farm  and  received  a  common-school  education. 


60C  HISTORY    OK    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

IK'  wjin  in:irrit'<I   April  G,  IbM,  i.i    .Mi>s    Mjirtlia   A.,  tluui^litor   «»f 
AVill'if  Jiiul  lliiiinult  {Mc  Ne«!ly),  of  Calhoun  coiiiity.     Tliuy  liuve  liiui 
5  children,  4  of  wIumu  are  living, —  Henry  A.,  Mary  (>.,   Hattie  J. 
and  .Fohri  li.      ^[r.  II.  renidois  (»n  8ec.  5^3  and  is  en»;ai^c'd  in  farniin;^. 

L.  C  II<ir/n>l,\  iHinier  and  stook-raiser,  fiec.  'J«!,  was  horii  in 
Pleasant  Hill  io\viishi|(  I)l'c.  1 1,  1830,  His  parents,  Joel  and  Hannah 
Uarpole,  wore  well  known  to  the  pioneer  days  of  Pike  county. 
His  father  served  in  the  Hlaek  Hawk  war.  Our  snhject  was  reariMJ 
on  a  farm  and  knows  all  alHuit  tlu-  privations  that  pioneer  hoys  are 
lieir  to.  Hi.-^  educati«injd  advantages  were  very  liniit«Ml,  there  bein^ 
no  free  sclniols  in  those  days.  His  niother  wove  cloth  to  pay  for 
hid  education.  He  has  plowed  many  a  day  with  a  wooden  inold- 
bi»ard  plow,  an<i  has  reaped  ^rain  with  a  haml  sickle,  trampled  out 
wheat  with  horses,  went  to  church  in  an  o.\  wai:<>n,  and  «;ri>uiul 
Corn  on  a  hand-mill  an<l  was  c*iin|K'lleil  todt»  a  <^oo<l  many  other  thiriirs 
wiiich  seem  (hUI  tu  the  lioys  of  this  day.  In  1S53  he  was  united 
in  marriaije  with  Sarah  .Martin,  dan<;hter  of  Willis  Martin,  an 
early  settler  <»f  Illinois.  Of  the  H  children  horn  to  theiu  7  are 
livin;;, — James  li.,  William  H..  Kmilv  \'..  .lohn  I)..  Martha,  and 
Alhcrt  and  Alice,  twins. 

A.  Hatch.  This  enterprising  youn^j  man  was  Ijorn  in  Ontario 
county,  N.  v..  May  •'•.  1»*.'.'J.  He  cann*  Uy  Pike  county  with  his 
parent**  in  iNtJi.*.  He  rectived  a  ;jyod  comnion-sclu>ol  eduaition 
and  a  musical  edncjition,  and  is  now  teacher  of  cornet-band  music, 
and  Ims  met  with  excellent  success  thus  far.  In  Prairieville,  Pike 
county,  Mo.,  in  IsT*.).  he  l>egan  with  a  class  of  new  an«l  inexperi- 
cticed  nten,  and  in  six  months  time  it  was  demonstrated  that  that 
was  the  l>e>t  Iwind  in  tlie  ctmnly.  The  parent.-^  of  our  subject  are 
A.  (i.  and  Alvini  Hatch,  and  he  is  the  youngest  of  3  chiKlren, — 
A.  W.,  Kllen  J.  and  himself.  He  resides  with  his  mother  on  the 
farrtv  —    M     ;•■  !  .:.;-:.- ti...    ..;,jm(.,.  <.        •    '-   ^  •■  -  --d  in  farir)ing. 

J'  ./  ">.     ■       .  II   in    t '  .   Tenn.,  April 

6,  IS24,  and  is  a  scin  of  A.  L.  and  Sarah  (Payne)  Hollis,  who 
brouirht  their  family  to  Hlinoisin  ]s3o,and  to  Pikecounty  in  184'). 
Mrs.  Hullis  is  a  second,  or  grand  n"  ;' Thomas  Paine,  the  note«l 

deist  of  revolutionary  fame.  Our  -  ,  '  was  raised  on  a  farm  and 
receiveil  a  limited  education  in  the  snlnk>ription  sc1k>oIs,  paying  his 
own  tuitioTi  with  money  he  earned  by  luinl  work.  He  began  act- 
ive life  with  nothing  but  his  hands  and  a  »let»Tmined  will.  He 
now  owns  4(M)  acres  of  land  and  a  third  interest  in  a  large  store  at 
Nebo.  This  tirm  carries  a  sti»ck  of  about  $4,500,  consisting  of 
general  merchandise,  and  is  doing  a  large  business,  employing  3 
to  4  clerks.  Mr.  Hollis  held  the  otiice  of  County  Treasurer  for 
2  years,  atui  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Spring  Creek  township  for  20 
years.  He  was  married  in  li>4«>  to  Mary  C  Leggett,  and  by  tiiis 
union  5  children  were  born:  Sarah  .M ..  Lewis  Y.,  Elizabeth  J., 
Barl)ara  K.  ami  Mary,  decea.sed.  Mrs.  II.die<l  in  1>G'^,  and  in  1878 
Mr.  II.  married  Sarah  M.  Mason,  by  whom  he  has  .3  children, — 
Anna  L..  David  V.  and  Nelli«-  M. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  607 

Dennis  Lean/,  deceased.  The  suhjcc't  of  this  sketcli  was  born  in 
Irehmd,  June  '24,  1812,  and  came  to  America  when  a  yomig  man. 
lie  was  a  j^ainter  by  trade,  and  ilid  a  i^ood  deal  of  work  in  New 
Orleans,  Mobile,  and  throui^diout  the  Soutliern  cities  s^enerallj.  lie 
owned  land  in  Pike  county  for  many  years,  ai)d  in  1872  j)urcliased 
a  farm  on  sec.  25  of  this  townsjiip.  He  was  united  in  marriai^e 
Feb.  17,  1S5I,  with  ]\[rs.  Eliza  French,  daui^hter  of  Win,  Morton, 
of  tlie  vicinity  of  Milton,  this  -comity.  She  was  born  Aug.  21, 
1825,  in  East  Tennessee,  They  had  six  children, — John,  Leander, 
Thotnas,  Albert,  deceased,  Alfred  and  Ella.  Mrs.  l.eary  had  two 
children  bv  her  former  husband, — -Martha  and  William  French. 
Mr.  Leary'died  May  7,  1876.  His  son  Thomas,  who  is  a  subscriber 
for  this  book,  is  a  prominent  school-teacher,  and  is  now  (March  4, 
1880)  teachin<>:  at  Pearl  Prairie. 

S.  T.  Moore^  proprietor  of  Nebo  Mills.  This  enterprisiui^  (gen- 
tleman took  chartje  of  the  Kebo  flouring  mills  in  1877,  and  has 
operated  them  with  the  very  best  of  success.  Others  have  tried  at 
different  times  to  build  up  a  trade  here,  but  in  vain.  The  secret  of 
Mr.  M.'s  success  is  that  lie  makes  the  very  best  of  flour,  and  has 
won  the  coiifldence  of  the  farmers  ot  the  surrounding  country.  He 
also  has  a  corn-sheller  attached  to  his  mill,  which  enal)les  him  to 
pay  tlie  highest  market  price  for  that  cereal.  He  was  born  in  Mon- 
roe county.  111.,  Jan.  12,  183f>,  and  is  a  son  of  James  I>.  Moore,  of 
Brighton^  111.  He  was  married  May  4,  i860,  to  Harriet  F\  Ran- 
.  dolph,  of  Jersey  county.  111.  They  have  had  7  children,  of  whom 
5  are  living, — Josephine  C,  Eddie,  Frank  T.,  Nellie  K.  and  James 
L.  ]Mr.  ]\Ioore  ^vas  raised  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  the  common 
schools,  and  also  attended  the  McKendrec  College,  of  Lebanon,  111. 

Dr.  II.  R.  Pollock,  Nebo.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born 
in  Union  county,  O.,  Feb.  28,  1843,  and  is  a  son  of  John  I),  and 
Ilaclu'l  G.  Pollock,  who  brought  their  family  to  F^d gar  county,  111., 
in  1844,  where  they  remained  until  1856,  when  they  removed  to 
Polk  county,  Iowa.  Our  subject  remained  there  until  the  breaking 
out  of  the  rebellion,  when  lie  enlisted  in  Company  A,  10th  Iowa 
Inf.,  and  served  three  years  and  two  months.  He  participated  in 
many  of  the  leading  battles  of  tlic  war,  such  as  Corinth,  P)lack 
River  Bridge,  or  Champion  Hills,  siege  of  Yicksburg,  Chattanooga, 
Dalton,  etc.  The  Doctor  afterward  attended  Abingdon  College, 
Knox  Co.,  111.,  for  two  years,  where  he  became  ac([uainted  with 
Miss  Anna  E.  Ferguson,  whom  he  married  Aug.  8,  1866.  The 
union  has  been  blessed  with  two  children,  Robert  Cleon  and  John 
Roy.  The  Doctor  attended  lectures  at  the  Jeflferson  Medical  Col- 
lege at  Philadel))hia,  Pa.,  in  1870  and  1871,  and  began  practice  in 
Nebo  in   the  latter  year,  where  he  enjoys  a  good  ])atronage. 

John  W.  S<-ranton  was  born  in  this  townshi])  Jan.  19,  1847,  ajid 
is  a  son  of  David  Scranton,  also  of  this  towiiship;  he  was  reared  on 
a  farm  and  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  this  county;  before 
settling  in  life  he  took  two  trips  through  the  West.  March  8,  1872, 
he  married  Miss  Mary  E.  Bowman,  (laughter  of  Rcjbert  and  Mary 


608  HIsmRY    OF    IMKK    CUINTV. 

K.  Uiiwiiiiiii.  Tlioy  liiivc  two  cliiliirt'ii,  (nnt  IJulle  unci  Wiliiaiu 
Otis.  Mr.  SiTUMl"!!  is  eii<^ji^etl  in  t'iirmin^  ami  resides  on  sec.  7; 
P.  O.  Nel>o. 

John  N .  Smith,  l>ook-kt'<'i>er,  wais  born  May  22,  1845,  in  this 
towtjsliijt,  .ind  iri  a  ton  of  \V  in.  E.  Smith,  ot"  Xeho,  and  ot"  whom 
we  make  further  mention  heh)\v.  Mr.  Smith  \\a»  reared  for  tlie 
most  part  upon  the  farm,  hut  worked  in  a  Houring-mill  prit»r  to 
reat^-hiiitf  his  majority.  IK-  ig  now  eni^a^^ed  as  hook-keejH'r  in  tlie 
Neho  tiourin^-milU.  lie  was  joined  in  matrimony  Oet.  1,  1S»)5, 
with  Mi»i.>*  Sarah  K.  ('reiijmiles.  Tlirec  ehiUlren  have  hU'ssed  thic 
union,  namely,  Laura  Si..  Tiiomait  T.  and  KMen  F.  .Mr.  Smith 
served  six  inonthn  in  the  late  war,  in  Company  1,  70th  III.  Inf. 

Witliatn  K  Smith.  Being  an  early  settler  of  Pike  county,  .Mr. 
Smith  is  entitled  to  per^onal  mention  in  a  work  of  this  nature. 
lie  came  with  his  jmrents  from  ()^wego  Co.,  N.  V.,  to  this  count \ 
ill  183t{.  He  wa«  Iwrii  in  Columlms  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  U,  ISliV 
Mis  parents  were  Amasa  and  Sarah  iSikes)  Smitli.  William  was 
reared  upon  a  farm,  and  received  a  common-scln)ol  education,  and 
has  sutl'ered  many  ot  the  privations  incident  to  pioneer  life.  .Ian. 
3,  1S41,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Polly  Allis<in,  dauirh- 
ter  of  Henj.  Allison,  deceased,  one  of  Pike  connty's  pioneers.  To 
theni  luive  heen  l)orn  II  children,  4  of  wh(»m  are  deceaaetl.  The 
naii.es  of  the  children  are,  Williujn,  .I«>hn,  .Mercv  A.,  Mary  .1., 
Samuel  11.,  Daniel  W.  and  Charles  \V.  Mr.  Smith  is  engage<l  in 
the  lumher  tra*Ie  at  Neho,  carrying  a  stock  of  $2,500.  He  is  also 
an   undertaker. 

John  Jt.  W'iUoit.  The  stihjcct  of  this  flkctch  was  horn  in  Lincoln 
county,  .Mo.,  Minch  21.  1834.  llis  father,  Davit!  Wilson,  hnuight 
his  family  to  this  county  in  the  autumn  of  1834,  and  located  in 
Pleasant  Hill  township,  where  he  remained  the  rest  of  his  life,  save 
the  la.>it  3  years  which  he  ^pent  in  Nelni.  ( )ur  subject  was  raised  u]>on 
the  farm,  and  luing  a  pioneer  hoy  knows  all  alxuit  the  privations  of 
friMitier  life.  II«'  was  married  in  1850  to  Miss  Nancy,  daughter  of 
George  Turnlm  -o   well   known   in   the   pi<jneer  «lays  of  Pike 

county.      .Mr.  \N  .  i.-»  a  farmer  l)v  occupation  and  resides  in  Nelx». 

W.  Ik.  Wihou  was  horn  and  raiped  on  sec.  13,  Pleasant  Hill 
townshiit.  this  county,  and  is  a  sun  of  David  and  Isophena  \Vilson, 
deccaiit*d.  Ili.s  hirth  dates  Aug.  17,  1*^44.  May  13,  isTO,  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Ellen  J.,  daughter  of  Harrison  and 
Matilda  Frye.  of  Pike  county.  Mo.  Only  1  of  the  3  children  horn 
to  Mr.  and  .Mrs.  W.  is  living,  whose  name  is  Claudie.  .Mr.  W. 
has  been  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  in  Neho  for  the  last 
12  years,  but  has  recently  sold  to  Fowler  *k  Son,  near  Pittstield. 

Jacob    WiTulmiHer.  proprietor  of  the  Xel>o  Hotel,  is  a  native  of 
this  coimty,  and  was  born  Jan.  3,  1S49.  the  sou  of  Peter  and    Se- 
velia   Windmiller.      Peter  W.  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Pike 
county,  and,  like  other  settlers,  endured  many  privations  and  hanl- 
ships  in  preparing  the  way  for  the  prosperity  of  future  generations. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 


609 


For  some  time  after  he  first  settled  here  there  was  only  one  wheeled 
vehicle  in  this  entire  neighborhood,  and  that  was  a  wooaen- 
wheeled  ox-cart.  He  often  gathered  his  corn  in  a  one-horse  sled. 
Our  subject  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  "Nov.  27,  1873,  was  married 
to  Mary  Stone,  and.  they  have  one  child.  Laren  (). 


FAIUMolNT  TOWNSHIP. 

Tins  is  certainly  <»iif  t»|  tla-  tiiiost  tovvnsliips  in  this  favored 
««»unty,  aufl  lor  jjorjcral  agricultural  tuirpuijes,  is  »inrivale«l  l»y  nuy. 
Where,  loss  than  lialfa  century  a«i^o  tliedeer,  wultand  hear  roamed 
at  will,  the  native  re<l  man  their  only  enemy,  are  now  handsome 
n*sid»iicc.-,  with  fine  grounds  and  (•••nvenient  outhouses,  churches, 
hchool-houses  and  well  cultivatcxl  tieUls.  The  native  prairies  have 
l)cen  coiKMieretl  from  their  virgin  state  hy  the  ener«^y  and  skill  of 
the  sturdy  pioneer.  Instead  of  rank  <;r<»wths  of  prairio  grass, 
which  '  !  in    it*  iMMiuty  over  the^e  fertile  prairies,  we  now 

hehold  Ui<  o.i.iug  tields  of  corn,  hroail  acres  of  undulatiti^  wheat, 
numerous  herds  of  thoroughhred  stock  i^ra/.in^ij  in  green  pas- 
tures,— indeetl,  every  evidence  of  wealth  anu  j)ri»sj)erity. 

To  tlutse  who  :  up  and  developetl  the  wonderful  resources 

of  Fairmoiiiit,  tin;  |  •  '  and  coiHinu  geui'mtiotis  will  owe  eternal 
gratitude.      They  m,  .    untold   privations   anil    inconveniencx'S, 

laUireil  with  uidlagging  energy  R»»d  Will,  receiving  only  meager 
com|M'nsation  f«)r  their  toil,  were  far  away  from  their  friends  and 
thi'ir  old  homes,  an<l  with  m  'v  any  means  of  conununication 

with  them.  The  pionecra  Wi .  .  •unige«i  and  kept  up  with  the 
hope  of  soon  estaolishing  comfortahle  homes  for  themselves  and 
their  families  and  with  a  nohle  amhition  of  conferring  on  posterity 
hiessings  which  shall  ever  Im'  a  monument  t4)  their  memories. 

The  ni»i  ihern  part  of  Pike  county  was  not  settled  for  over  a  de- 
cjule  after  the  southern  |>ortion  w;i>.  It  is  a  matter  of  no  little  sur- 
prise to  know  that  ftirso  manv  years  this  beautiful  section  was  left 
without  the  pioneer.  Many  douhtlesn  pashe<l  to  and  fro  through  it 
on  their  way  northward  ancj  westward  an<l  return,  and  perhaps 
marveled  at  the  heauty  of  its  gn»ve6  and  prairies;  hut  it  wjis  so  far 
from  civilization  that  the  most  sturdy  and  daring  did  not  feel  dis- 
posed to  pilch  their  tents  and  make  their  home  here.  Over  11 
•  us  ela|»>o<l  from  the  time  that  K'  r  Franklin,  Daniel  Shinn 

...  1  liie  Rosses  came  to  the  county,  •.    llarker   Crane,   the  first 

settler  of  Fairmount,  came  to  live  in  this  then  wild  country.  Mr. 
Crane  made  improvements  on  sec.  3  in  1831,  but  even  he  re- 
maine<l  f(»r  oidy  a  short  perio<l.  We  do  not  know  whether  it  was 
his  rcjuotene.^s  from  other  settlementji  that  drove  him  away,  or  that 
he  found  a  more  desirable  location,  as  none  are  left  to  inform  us. 

At  the  close  <»f  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  when  the  people  of  the 
older  settled  East  and  South  wereassure<l  that  no  further  api»rehen- 
sions  need  l)efelt  relative  to  Indian  troubles,  settlers  came  pouring 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  6J1 

into  tliis  fair  State  by  the  thousands,  and  the  l)eautit"iil  groves  and 
prairies  of  Fairinount  did  not  fail  to  receive  her  portion.  Prior  to 
1841  we  find  the  following  settlers,  besides  others,  living  in  this 
township:  II.  Lake,  who  located  on  section  10;  John  Wilson,  on 
sections;  Ihonias  Kirgan,  on  section  2;  John  I>rown,  on  section 
14;  Ebenezer  Franklin,  on  section  12;  Asa  Lake,  on  section  10; 
Tandy  Hume,  on  section  16;  and  Henry  Benson,  on  section  19. 

The  children  of  these  early  settlers  were  not  long  without  the 
instructions  and  discipline  of  the  schoolmaster,  for  we  find  as  early 
as  1840,  Henry  Benson  taught  school  in  a  log  school-house  on  sec. 
16.  Tins  rude  structure,  which  was  erected  by  the  contribu- 
tion of  tlie  labor  of  the  ]>ioneers,  would  not  compare  favorably  with 
the  more  modern,  neat  and  tasteful  fi-ame  and  brick  structures  that 
adorn  many  of  the  knolls  through  this  section.  Jesse  EUedge,  a 
Baptist  minister,  was  one  of  the  earliest  teachers  of  the  township. 
Soon,  too,  the  minister  of  the  gos])el  found  his  way  here  among 
these  pioneers.  The  first  preaching  was  done  by  Elder  Michael 
Ilobbs,  of  the  Christian  denomination,  in  1841.  He  was  not  a 
regular  preacher,  being  engaged  in  farming,  but  desiring  to  see  his 
friends  and  neighbors  following  the  meek  and  lowiy,  yet  truly  di- 
vinely great  Kazarene,  would  have  them  assemble  in  cabins  and 
school-houses,  and  tell  them  of  his  love  and  earthlv  mission.  His 
brother,  the  well  known  Elder  David  Hobbs,  was  also  a  preacher. 
For  a  time  the  Mormons,  who  were  numerous  in  Adams  county, 
which  lies  just  north  of  this  township,  ])reached  their  peculiar  faith 
to  this  people,  and  won  many  converts.  A  few  years  afterward, 
however,  this  community  joined  in  the  excitement  incident  to  the 
expulsion  of  the  ISIormons  from  Illinois. 

During  the  late  war  Fairmount  proved  loyal  to  the  coi'e,  and 
furnished  many  of  her  brave  sons  as  a  sacrifice  to  retain  an  \indi- 
vided  Union.  Many  of  those  who  vrent  to  the  front,  after  enduring 
years  of  untold  hardships  and  danger,  were  permitted  to  return  to 
their  homes,  where  they  are  now  living,  to  enjoy  the  liberties  they 
so  nobly  fought  for.  Many  of  them,  however,  went  to  return  no 
more.  They  were  pierced  b}-  the  shot  and  shell  from  Southern 
musket  and  cannon,  or  died  from  the  cruelties  infiicted  upon  them 
in  the  prison  pens  to  wliich  they  were  consigned, — all  for  defend- 
ing the  best  government  ever  established  by  man. 

CHURCHES. 

There  are  no  villages  in  this  township,  yet  the  people  enjoy  almost 
equal  religious  privileges  with  the  citizens  of  towns.  There  are  in 
the  township  five  church  organizations,  with  three  church  buildings. 
The  United  Brethren  church  stands  on  sec.  29,  near  the  school- 
house,  and  cost  about  §1,600.  This  is  known  as  the  Woodland 
Churcli,  and  was  dedicated  in  1867,  and  was  the  first  church  build- 
ing erected  in  the  township.  It  was  dedicated  by  N.  A.  Walker. 
The  Society  was  organized  in  1S(!6,  by  liev.  D.  C.  Martin,  and 
meetings  were  held  in  the  Woodland  school-house  until  their  church 


612  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

editiee  was  completed.  The  present  lueinberslup  is  140.  Rev, 
W.  P.  Pease  is  l*Jistor.  The  attendance  at  the  Sunday-school  is 
about  SO. 

The  Presbyterian  chnrch,  whicli  is  located  on  sec.  10,  cost  about 
$1,500.  The  house  o\'  worship  of  tlu-  l!aj)ti.'?t  congregation  is  on 
sec.  7,  and  cost  $400. 

The  Society  of  the  ^Methodist  denomination  worship  in  the  Pres- 
byterian Church,  while  the  Christian  coui^re^ation  hold  their 
meetings  in  the  South  Prairie  school-house,  on  t.ec.  11.  The  iirst 
Methotlist  preacher  in  the  township  was  Itev.  Mr.  (Cleveland.  He 
preached  his  first  sermon  in  tliis  townshij^  at  the  residence  of  Wni. 
^lorrison  in  ls40. 

PKRs-ONAL  SKI-rrCH  HISTORY. 

Following  we  give  ])ersonal  sketches  of  the  early  settlers  and 
prominent  citizens  of  the  townshij*,  which  forms  an  iinj)ortant 
factor  in  its  history. 

A.  />.  Allt'ii  was  l>>rn  in  Oijio  county,  Ivy.,  Sept.  14,  1S25;  his 
father,  Asa  Allen,  was  born  in  Tennessee  and  of  (Tcrman  descent, 
his  mother,  Abigail  (Campbelh  Allen,  a  native  of  Kentucky  and  (»t 
English  descent.  .Mr.  Alh-n  came  to  Pike  county  in  l.*^44,  and  in 
184«j  was  married  t«»  Kmily  Askew  and  they  have  had  11  children, 
8  of  whom  are  living.  .Mr.  Allen  was  very  |>oor  in  early  life,  and 
workeil  out  for  $h  |>er  month.  He  now  owns  :52o  acres  of  land, 
raises  stock,  and  is  considered  a  very  good  farmer,  lie  belongs  to 
the  rnite«l  Prethren  Church,  and  is  a  Heniocrat. 

Lewi*  II.  Baldwin  was  Inirn  in  Connecticut  in  1812;  is  the  son 
of  John  and  Sarah  Ann  (Hawkins)  Paldwin,  the  former  a  native  of 
Ctmnecticut,  ajitl  of  Knglish  descent.  In  early  life  Mr.  P.  W(»rked 
at  blacksmithing,  but  is  now  a  farmer.  He  came  to  this  county  in 
183.'),  and  in  183«!  married  Maria  Jane  EUedge.  After  his  marriage 
he  worked  out  for  $n  per  month,  but  he  now  owns  500  acres  of 
good  land  in  Pike  county,  and  he  and  his  son  own  ai>out  the  same 
amount  in  Missouri,  and  one  acn*  within  the  corporation  of  Perry. 
He  used  to  be  an  old-line  Whig,  but  is  now  a  Itepul)lican;  has  been 
School  Director  2.')  years,  and  School  Trustee.  These  are  the  only 
offices  that  he  would  accept.  Mr.  and  Airs.  Paldwin  have  4  chil- 
tlren.      Mrs.  P,  is  a  Paptist. 

Philip  S.  Broirer,  farmer,  sec,  14:  P,  O.  Perry;  was  born  in 
Madison  county,  N,  Y.,  April  27,  1882;  came  to  this  county  with 
his  parents  in  1842;  his  father,  John  Brower,  was  a  native  of  New 
York,  and  his  motlier,  Deliirht  (Smith)  Prower,  also  a  native  of 
New  York.  June  3,  1>54.  Mr.  P.  married  Amanda  Carolines,  and 
they  have  had  5  children.  3  of  whom  are  living,  Malcolm  C'.,  Elm- 
wood  and  Alpheus.  In  18,^j2  he  took  a  trip  to  Calitornia  and  was 
absent  2  years.  He  owns  30r.  acres  of  lana.  His  wife  is  a  Meth- 
odist. 

William   Cory,  farmer,  was  bom  in    the  State  of  New   York, 
Feb.  20,  1820;  he  is  the  son  of  William  and  Rjichel  (Tombs)  Cory. 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COINTY.  613 

natives  of  New  Jersey,  the  former  of  Irish,  and  the  latter  of  Scotch 
descent;  at  the  age  of  18  lie  commenced  to  learn  tlie  carpenter's 
trade,  at  which  hr  worked  10  yeiirs,  since  which  time  he  has  fol- 
lowed farming.  In  the  fall  of  IS^T  he  visited  Illinois  to  see  the 
country,  and  in  1841  he  settled  in  this  tp.,  on  sec.  10,  where  he  has 
lived  ever  since,  ^[arch  31,  1844,  he  married  Nancy  Jane  AV^ilson, 
a  native  of  New  Hampshire,  and  of  their  10  children.  1>  are  living, — 

5  boys  and  4  girls;  one  girl  deceased.  Mr.  Cory  and  his  wife  are 
members  of  the  ]\[.  E.  Church;  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  been 
Assessor,  Township  Treasurer,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Supervisor, 
Townshii)  Clerk,  School  Director,  and  Secretarv  of  his  Church.  P. 
0.,Fishilook. 

Josej)h  E.  Coss,  farmer,  brother  of  Theodore  S.  Coss,  was  born 
in  lioss  county,  O.,  in  1846;  besides  the  common  school  he  at- 
tended also  the  commercial  College  at  (>)uincy.  In  1870  he  mar- 
ried Sarah  Allen,  and  of  their  4  children  2  are  living, — Ethe  Am- 
marana  and  Orien  Forest.  IJotli  himself  and  wife  are  meml)ers  of 
the  United  Brethi-en  Church.  lie  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  been  Town 
Clerk.  Six  months  he  kept  store  at  Fish  Hook.  October  22,  1864, 
he  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  28th  111.  Inf.,  under  Capt.  11.  D.  Iladsell,  and 
was  dischai-ged  Oct.  21,  1865.  lie  was  in  the  battles  at  Spanish 
Fort,  and  fort  I31akely,  where  he  was  under  fire  18  days,  and  other 
battles,  skirmishes,  etc.  Was  shipwrecked  on  the  "George  Pea- 
body  "  when  there  was  a  storm  for  36  houi's ;  120  horses  were  thrown 
overboard  and  10  men  were  lost.  Resides  on  sec.  28.  P.  O.  Fish 
Hook. 

Taylor  M.  Coss,  farmer,  sec.  29;  P.  O.  Baylis;  son  of  Edward 
and  Annie  Coss,  natives  of  Ohio,  was  born  in  Ross  county,  ().,  in 
1836;  came  to  this  county  in  1854,  and  in  1860  was  married  to 
NLiss  Emma  Phillips,  born  in  this  county  in  1840;  they  have  had 

6  children,  4  of  whom  are  living, — Florence  B.,  William  T.,  Ida 
M.  and  Ada  E.  Mr.  C.  has  held  the  office  of  Supervisor,  Collector, 
School  Trustee,  and  School  Director  for  many  years.  He  owns  420 
acres  of  excellent  land,  has  been  engaged  in  buying  hogs  for  other 
parties,  and  raises  considerable  stock  on  his  own  farm.  He  had 
1,500  bushels  of  wheat  to  market  this  season.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  and 
their  eldest  daughter  are  members  of  the  United  Brethren  Church 
at  Woodland. 

J7ieo(lore  S.  Coss  was  born  in  1840  in  Ross  county,  ().,  and  is 
the  son  of  Edward  and  Anna  (IVIoore)  Coss,  natives  of  the  same 
State,  the  father  of  (Jerman,  and  the  mother  of  English  descent;  in 
1871  he  mai-ried  I>elle  Manns,  a  native  ot  Kentucky,  and  they  have 
one  child,  Cora  May,  born  in  February,  1872.  During  the  war  Mr. 
Coss  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  3d,  111.  Cav.,  under  Capt.  J.  B.  Moore,  Aug. 
6,  1861;  was  discharged  A])ril  10,  1863;  was  in  the  battle  of  Pea 
Ridge;  was  under  Gen.  Curtis  when  he  drove  Price  from  S])ring- 
tield  to  the  Doston  Mountains,  and  was  in  several  other  engage- 
ments.    Residence,  sec.  20;  P.  O.  Fish  Hook. 


0)14  HlslUKV    «'l      riKI.    KJt.NH. 

Georg>-  I.  K.  Crawford  nvhs  horn  in  this  coutity  in  1S5!>.  and  is 
the  son  of  J.  U.  and  Ilh(»da  (  Melear)()iawtord;  liis  father,  who  still 
owns  land  \w\\\  has  l>een  a  resident  ot  this  township  !or  'M)  vears. 
The  snhject  of  this  .ski'Ich  was  edncated  in  the  eoninion  schools 
here.  In  1871)  he  niarrieti  Lillie  Corv,  and  thev  have  a  child.  Imrn 
Nov.  21,  187y,  whose  name  is  Clarence  Cory.  By  occupation  Mr. 
Crawford  is  a  farnu-r.  In  reliijion  heisa  Presbyterian,  and  in  poli- 
tics a  Uejniltlican.      llis  wife  is  u  Methodist. 

Samuel  M.  Cr<iwf<>rd  was  horn  in  this  county  July  2!*.  1S5G, 
educated  in  the  couiinon  school,  and  Illinois  College  at  .Jackson- 
ville, and  at  the  (4ein  C'ity  Commercial  t'«»lle^e  at  (^uincy;  by  oc- 
cupation Mr.  C.  is  a  teacher;  liveil  on  the  faruj  with  his  lather 
until  of  a^e;  he  is  not  a  menjln-r  of  any  Church,  ami  is  a  Ke|tnl*- 
lican. 

W.  D.  C.  JJoan,  M.  1).,  was  horn  iiw  Oliio  A|»ril  ir»,  1S28,  bein<; 
the  .son  of  William  ami  Susanna  (Hennett)  I)«)an,  from  the  Kastern 
States,  his  father  a  jdiysician.  The  subject  ot*  this  parai^raph  be^an 
the  study  of  medicine  at  the  a^o  of  18,  with  his  father,  who  died 
two  years  after waril;  he  then  tinished  reading  with  his  uncle.  Dr. 
Klijah  Hennett,  in  Clerm«>nt  county,  ().;  at  22  he  comnience<l 
practice  in  this  tp.  He  lirst  canu-  to  Pike  county  in  1848, 
111  1850  to  this  tp.,  where  lie  has  since  lived.  In  1851  he  married 
Ilachel  IIo))bs,  and  of  their  4  children  but  one  is  Iivin<;,  Kachel 
tHic,  and  tiiev  have  one  <;randchild  Hvin<;  with  thftn,  Mary  E.  Doan 
C'rawford.  The  Doctor  owr>s  215  acres  of  land.  Resides  on  sec.  10. 
He  is  one  of  the  oldest  practitioners  of  the  county.  In  politics  he 
is  a  Democrat,  and  l>oth  himself  and  wife  arc  iiieml>ers  of  the 
(Christian  C'hurch.      \\'\9  post«dIice  is  Perry. 

Lvi  (j<irdner  \\x\f>  l)orn  in  Adams  county,  I'a.,  Dec.  17,  l^lO, 
and  is  the  son  of  (ieor^e  and  Klizabeth  (Sey bold),  of  (ierman  de- 
scent, who  were  in  ^>od  circumstances  and  followed  farm  life.  Levi 
<»btained  a  fair  education  in  the  subscri))tion  schools  of  his  native 
State.  Came  to  Illinois  in  ISHO,  and  has  rcsitled  here  most  of  the 
time  since;  he  coulJ  ride  all  over  this  C(»unty  when  he  tirst  came, 
he  tells  us,  without  seeing  scarcely  any  improvements;  his  falher- 
in-law.  who  was  one  of  tlie  pioneers  of  this  county,  killed  7  bears 
in  Fairmount  tp.,  in  one  day.  In  ls:}7  he  married  Matihla  Neal, 
bv  whom  he  had  ^  chihlren,  5  of  wh<»m  are  livins;, — one  son  and 
four  dau«^hters.  liy  occupation  Mr.  Gardner  is  a  tanner  and  cur- 
rier; he  had  a  tanner}'  in  this  county  5  or  6  years,  but  since  1850 
lie  has  been  farmin;^.  Lives  now  on  sec.  5.  In  ])olitics  Mr.  G.  is  a 
Kepublican,  and  both  himself  and  wife  are  ijiembern  of  the  United 
IJrethren  Church.  In  1862  Mr.  Gardner  enlisted  in  the  99th  regi- 
ment as  a  musician  (a  titer);  was  in  the  battle  at  .Magnolia,  Miss., 
Champion  Hills  and  Black  River;  lie  was  discharged  iKjfore  the 
close  of  the  year,  that  is,  at  the  close  of  the  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
where  lie  was  present. 

John  Ilentnorn,  farmer,  sec.  17;  was  born  in  Englajid,  April 
20,  1820,  of  English  parents;  learned  weaving  by  the  hand-loom; 


■>>. 


ATLAS     TP 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  617 

emigrated  to  America  in  1844,  stoppini^  in  Xew  York  State,  and 
in  1850  came  to  Adams  county,  111.,  and  in  1852  to  Pike  county; 
for  two  years  while  in  New  York  State  he  superintended  a  factory, 
where  62  looms  were  run.  He  now  owns  360  acres  of  land,  in 
gfood  cultivation,  and  well  stocked.  In  1S42  he  married  Eettie 
Holt,  and  of  their  S  children  7  are  living,  Mr.  llenthorn  has  been 
School  Director  several  terms,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

John  D.  llenthorn  was  born  in  this  countv,  July  21,  1857,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  and  Betsey  (Holt)  llenthorn,  natives  of  Eng- 
land; received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  this  county; 
by  occupation  he  is  a  farmer,  and  his  residence  is  on  sec.  9.  He 
has  four  brothers  and  two  sisters  living,  and  one  sister  dead. 

Thonu'.K  Iltill^  residence  sec.  29;  P.  O.  Fish-llook;  is  the  son  of 
Samuel  and  Sophia  Hull,  and  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1830;  received 
his  education  mostly  in  the  common  schools  of  his  native  State. 
In  IS.jO  he  maj'ried  Elizabeth  Bowman,  who  was  born  in  1830  in 
this  county,  and  they  have  S  children  living.  Mr.  Hull  is  a  farm- 
er, and  has  been  a  resident  of  this  county  since  1845.  In  poli- 
tics he  is  a  Democrat,  and  both  himself  and  wife  are  members  of 
the  United  Brethren  Church.  He  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace 
10  or  11  years,  ll;)ad  Commissioner,  Collector,  School  Director, 
Class-Leader  and  Sunday-school  Superintendent.  He  is  an  indus- 
trious man,  and  has  earned  all  he  ever  possessed. 

Israel  Kircjan.  This  gentleman's  father,  Thomas  Kirgan,  was 
a  native  of  County  Antrim,  Ireland,  and  when  a  babe  he  was 
brought  by  his  parents,  Daniel  and  Mary  Kirgan,  to  America, 
nearlv  100  vears  ay-o.  He  was  a  tanner  bv  trade,  but  followed  farm- 
ing  and  milling  after  his  arrival  in  this  county.  He  died  March 
30,  1877,  in  his  90th  year,  in  Perry,  this  county,  where  he  had 
lived  many  years.  11  is  5  children  still  own  the  home  farm,  which 
consists  of  280  acres,  2^  miles  southwest  of  Perry.  Mrs.  Mary 
(Fred)  Kirgan,  his  mother,  was  a  native  of  Virginia.  Israel,  the 
subject  of  this  biography,  was  born  Aug.  12,  1815,  in  Clermont 
county.  O.  He  first  learned  the  tanner's  trade,  but  when  his  father 
broke  up  he  emigrated  to  this  county,  in  1835,  settling  on  Fish- 
Hook  creek,  N.  W.  \  sec.  2,  at  which  time  he  had  only  six  "  bits  " 
in  his  pocket,  one  horse  and  a  yoke  of  cattle,  and  was  $40  in  debt. 
From  this  start  Mr.  K.  has  become  one  of  the  most  substantial  and 
leading  farmers  in  Fairmount  township,  now  being  the  owner  of 
240  acres  of  land.  About  the  first  work  he  did  was  to  split  9,600 
rails,  at  six  "  bits  "  a  hundred.  Coming  to  this  county  as  early  as 
1835,  he  has  seen  this  country  in  its  primitive  state,  with  the  wild 
animals  roving  over  it  in  large  numbers.  One  day  he  saw  65  deer 
in  one  grove.  There  were  but  five  houses  then  on  the  south  prai- 
rie, namely,  Alfred  Bissell,  sec.  2;  Mr.  O'JS'eil,  sec.  16;  Mr.  Mc- 
Gee,  sec.  16;  James  Seybokl,  sec.  16;  and  Ebenezer  Franklin,  see. 
12; — all  of  whom  resided  in  log  houses.  Israel's  father's  familv 
used  the  first  cooking-stove  brought  t<»  this  prairie. 

The  subject  of  this  notice,  in  1834,    married  for  his  first  wife 

36 


618  IIISTDKV    OF    I'IKK   COUNTY. 

Miss  Miii-ijiirot  June  Kciincily,  a  iiHtivu  t)t'()lii<»,  who  ilied  in  1>45, 
leavlni,'  a  family  of  5  oliildrcii,  namely,  William,  licnjamin,  Mary, 
Jolm  and  an  infant:  of  these,  William  and  John  are  all  tliat  are 
livini;  now.  March  .'i.  ls')'>,  Mr.  K.  marrie<l  Sarah  .lane  llimston. 
and  hy  her  he  had  1»  children,  of  wjjom  Sure  livin;;:  David  L., 
Clinton  I).,  Khen,  Chapman,  (ieorji^e  li.,  Ira,  Israel  I'\  and  llarvev 
J).  In  ])oliticj5  Mr.  Kir^an  i&  a  Democrat,  and  in  relisj^ion  is  still 
a  believer  in  ('hristianity  ;  used  t(»  i»ea  memherof  tije  M.  E.  Church. 

Dariil  Kurf'inaii,  farmer,  sec.  7;  I*.  O.  Fish  Hook;  was  horn  in 
Pennsyhania  Jan.  2l>,  I^IT*,  and  is  a  son  of  Daniel  ant!  Susannah 
(Barnett)  Kurfman,  natives  of  Maryland,  and  of  (Terman  descent. 
David  received  liis  education  in  the  schools  of  Ills  native  State; 
when  he  tir.-t  started  to  school  he  could  scarcely  sjteak  Kiifjlish. 
lie  was  married  the  lir>t  time  in  KM  to  llanmih  Deeter,  and  they 
were  the  parents  of  two  ^irls,  both  of  wliom  are  nuirried.  His  sec- 
ond marriage  was  with  Nancy  na«^l»y,  in  l^fil;  of  this  union  6 
childri'H  were  born. — 4  In.ys  and  2  twirls.  Both  Mr.  and  Mr>.  K. 
are  connected  with  the  IJuptist  Church.  Mr.  K.  came  from  I'ciin- 
svlvania  to  Pike  countv  in  1^50,  and  settled  in  Pittstield  townshin; 
in  7  years  therealter  remove*!  to  rairmount. 

Gfortje  Luke,  farmer,  sec.  10;  P.  ().  Fish  llo..k.  Mr.  Lake  was 
born  in  Fairmount,  Pike  Co.,  111.,  July  12,  1n.'>4,  and  is  a  son  of 
Harvey  an<l  Klizabeth  (Lee)  Lake,  the  former  a  native  of  New 
York,  and  his  mt>tiier  of  one  of  the  Kastern  States.  He  attended 
the  commoji  scho(ds  of  this  county,  and  received  a  fair  <  ducation. 
In  1>74  he  was  united  in  marriajje  with  Xancy  (iroves.  Jesse, 
their  only  child,  was  born  in  1^7<'». 

John  fjtike  was  born  in  this  township  in  1^.'*3,  and  is  the  son  of 
Harvey  and  Klizabeth  Lake.  He  attende«l  the  common  schools  of 
this  county,  receivinjj  a  i;tM»<l  common-school  education.  He  is 
now  en_:xai^ed  in  fartniiii^  on  sec.  lo.  His  postollice  address  is 
Perry.  Jan.  !'.♦,  l'*71,  he  was  joined  in  the  holy  l>ond»  of  matri-. 
mony  with  Mary  Olive  Seyboh),  a  native  of  Minnesota.  She  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church.  Harvey  Lake,  the  father  of  our 
subject,  wa."*  one  of  the  early  settlers  (»f  Pike  cotinty. 

Wm.  11.  Love  was  l>orn  Jan.  15,  1821,  in  New  Jersey,  tlie  son  of 
Samuel  and  Lydia  (Moriran)  I^»ve;  his  father  was  a  native  of  Ire- 
land, ami  his  mother  of  New  York  State.  He  was  brought  to  Ill- 
inois in  1S28  and  to  Pike  county  in  1833,  and  the  family  settled 
one  mile  west  of  Perry,  on  the  farm  at  j>resent  owned  by  p]s(|uire 
Morton.  In  April,  1846,  he  moved  ujx»n  the  farm  M'here  he  now 
lives,  owning  2s7  acres.  He  was  married  March  30,  1*^43,  t<»  Miss 
Harriet  K.  Bentley.  To  them  have  been  born  1*  children,  7<»f  whom 
are  liviuij, — 6  boys  and  I  girl.  Mrs.  Love  is  the  daughter  of 
Gideon  Bentley,  an  early  and  prominent  settler  of  Pike  county. 
Btith  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  are  meml)ers  of  the  Christian  Church,  of 
which  he  is  a  Deacon.  Mr.  L.  has  been  a  farmer  all  his  life,  in 
which  business  he  has  been  successful,  although  in  the  earlv  davs 
he  suffered  many  hardships.     His  family  started  from  New  York 


HISTORY    OF    I'lKE    COUNTY.  619 

in  a  skiff,  which  they  would  run  over  all  the  tlauis  that  were  on 
their  route,  and  they  encountered  eight  or  ten  of  them,  and  the 
women  w.ould  get  out  of  the  boat  and  walk  down  past  the  dam. 
The  first  morning  after  their  arrival  in  Fairmount  tp.  their  nearest 
neighbor  sent  over  after  two  ears  of  corn,  the  buy,  who  was  bare- 
foot (and  there  was  snow  on  the  ground)  stating  that  "  they  wanted 
it  for  breakfast !"  Mr.  L.  also  states  that  he  called  upon  one  of  the 
neighbors  one  morning  ;ind  found  them  ]iartaking  of  their  l)reak- 
fast  on  ])arched  corn  and  "sycamore  teal''  All  the  table  furniture 
they  had  was  one  plate,  one  knife  and  one  fork.  Mr.  Love,  when  he 
first  came,  used  oxen  to  plow  with  (using  a  wooden  mold-board 
plow),  and  used  a  harrow  with  wooden  teeth. 

Lemuel  Martin^  farmer,  sec.  11;  P.  O.  Perry.  The  subject  of 
this  personal  sketch  was  born  Jan.  21,  1854;  his  parents  are  Samuel 
and  Amanda  (Rounds)  Martin;  lie  was  the  eldest  son  of  a  family  of 
10  children.  There  were  two  daughters,  however,  older  than  he. 
Mr.  M.  was  united  in  marriaore  with  Marv  G.  Glines,  and  thev  have 
two  children,  one  boy  and  one  girl.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  are 
members  of  the  Christian  Church  in  Perry.  Politically  he  is  a 
Democrat. 

S.  F.  Martin  was  born  in  Kentucky,  ^larch  4,  1822;  he  is  the  son 
of  Xehemiah  and  Drusilla  (Cottrell)  Martin,  natives  of  Virginia  and 
of  German  ancestr}'.  His  mother  died  when  he  was  only  two  years 
old.  In  1849  he  came  to  this  county  and  settled  in  Fairmount  tp. 
In  1850  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Amanda  Rounds,  and  the 
union  has  been  blessed  with  10  children, — 6  boys  and  4  girls,  8  of 
whom  are  living.  His  wife  died  Nov^  22,  1879.  She  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  M.  is  a  Democrat  in  politics, 
and  has  served  as  School  Director,  School  Trustee,  Road  Commis- 
sioner and  Overseer  of  the  Poor.  lie  owns  a  farm  of  ICO  acres  on 
sec.  8. 

A.  G.  Maaon^  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.  Fish-IIook  ;  is  a  native  of 
Vermont,  where  he  was  born  Aug.  19,  1811  ;  he  was  the  son  of 
Carlo  and  Lydia  Mason.  His  father  was  a  carpenter.  They  came 
to  Pike  conntv  from  Kentucky  in  1862.  A.  G.  was  married  to 
Betsy  C.  Mason  in  1834;  this  union  has  been  blessed  with  a  family 
of  three  children,  all  sons,  and  two  of  whom  are  married.  Their 
names  are  A.  II.,  "Wm.  and  R.  II.  The  latter  enlisted  in  Co.  F, 
51st  AVisconsin  Infantry,  and  served  for  three  months.  Mrs.  Mason 
died  May  2,  1879. 

IL  B.  McLaug/iliii,  farmer,  sec.  22  ;  P.  O.  Perry;  was  born  in 
Ohio,  June  15,  1827,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  xVnna  (Boggess) 
McLaughlin,  the  former  a  native  of  Virginia  and  of  Irish  descent, 
and  the  mother  a  native  of  Ohio  and  of  English-German  ancestry. 
His  only  opportunitv  for  an  education  was  in  the  common  schools 
of  Pike  county  in  early  day,  where  he  was  l)rouglit  in  1837.  In 
1848  he  was  married  to  Sarah  Flannagan.  Three  uf  their  7  chil- 
dren are  living.  He  has  held  all  the  township  offices,  with  the 
exception  of  tliat  of  Assessor.     He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the 


C20  HISTvtRV    OF    riKK    COUNTY. 

M.  E.  (Miurch,  of  which  he  has  hecn  Stewanl.  He  has  been  et)- 
gai^ed  ill  tanning  all  his  lite,  in  which  he  ims  «^reat  success.  At 
present  he  hiiys  and  feeds  considerahle  stock. 

Willi'im  JfeL'ifi'//iltn  is  a  native  of  the  «il(l  Doininiun  State, 
ami  was  horn  l)i'c.  *_',  1^02.  His  father,  Jaiues  Mcl^aii;,'hlin,  was  a 
native  (»f  Ireland,  and  his  mother,  Sarah  .Mfliau;;liliti,  nue  Cole, 
was  horn  in  New  Jersey.  William  was  married  in  1S23  to  Anna 
IJo^pess,  a  native  of  Ohio,  where  she  was  born  in  ls06,  who  bore 
him  12  children,  0  of  wiiom  are  livin<r.  Four  <»f  the  sons  are  mar- 
ried,  and  livint^  in  Fainnount  towtirthip.  His  wife  and  all  his 
children,  excent  one,  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Churcli.  Farmin«)j 
has  been  his  life  occu|>ati<»n,  and  he  at  present  owns  575  acres  of 
larul  in  Pike  countv.  When  he  arriveil  at  (Triij^'sville  Lamlinir.  in 
this  coJinty,  in  ls3»'»,  he  owned  but  one  horse,  jj;25  in  money,  and  a 
very  limited  amount  i»f  liousehold  furniture,  and  iuid  a  family  of 
wife  and  5  children.  From  this  rnea<^er  ]>osition  he  has  l>ecotne 
one  (»f  the  wealthiest  men  in  the  county,  accumulating  by  close 
attention  to  business,  hard  lalfor  and  perseverance,  lie  has  seen 
the  Country  chan^  from  il^i  wild  state  to  a  fertile  tiehl  of  jilerjty. 
When  he  lirst  settled  here  he  tiiought  he  W(Uild  always  have  plenty 
of  outside  range,      lie  has  held  about  all   the  township  olHci's,  and 

lias   \>rvi\   S' —  1,    Class-I^^ader  and  Trustee  of  his  church,  ami 

has  been  li'  is  an  Kxhorter. 

A.  A.  0(/l<;,  farmer,  sec  6;  P.  O/ Fish- Hook;  is  a  son  of  James 
and  Martha  Ogle,  both  natives  of  St.  Clair  county.  III.,  and  was 
lH»rn  in  Adams  county  in  1S55.  He  attended  the  common  schools 
of  that  county,  where  he  received  a  fair  ediicati<»n.  In  1874  he 
took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the  j>er8on  of  Sarah  I01izal)eth  Bowman, 
who  has  lM>rne  him  two  children,  Intth  girls. 

John  3f.  Piirker  was  borii  in  this  county  in  1*^4«»,  the  son  of 
John  and  Lytlia  Parker,  natives  of  New  England;  married  Sarah 
J.  Whitten  in  1S02,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  l!S45,  arxl  they  have 
had  7  children,  one  dec.  Mr.  P.  ha*  followed  threshing  and  farm- 
ing, and  has  l>ocn  UKKlerately  succes&ful.  His  residence  is  on  sec.  27, 
Fairmount  tp.     P.  O.,  Perry. 

Jiinit.s  A.  PhiUijta  was  Ixirn  in  the  State  of  Kentucky,  Jan.  1(», 
1^2*^,  and  is  a  son  of  Joseph  and  Sarah  (Jackson)  Phillips,  the  lat- 
ter a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  of  Irish  ancestrv,  the  former  of 
Scottish  ilescent,  ami  a  native  of  Maryland.  He  was  married  in 
1S50  to  Mary  Wheeler,  an»l  the  union  has  been  blessed  with  0 
children,  all  of  whom  are  living.  James  A.  learned  the  trade  of 
shoemaking,  but  never  followed  the  business  a  great  deal.  For  the 
7  years  sui»se<|uent  tf>  his  marriaire  he  worked  out  by  the  month; 
then  bought  a  farm  in  tliis  county,  wjiither  he  had  come  in  lb5S, 
locating  in  this  township,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  United  Brethren  Church,  and  has  serve<J  as  Stew- 
ard. Class-Leader,  Trustee,  and  Sunday-school  Superintendent. 

Ikichard  Hazy  wasl)orn  in  Tennessee,  Sept  12,  1S15;  his  father's 
name  was  Rufus  Razv,  wlio  was  born  in   New  York;  liis  mother 


HISTOKT    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  621 

was  Mary  Bigelow,  also  a  native  of  the  Empire  State.  Mr.  R. 
emigrated  U>  Pike  county  in  1S52,  locating  in  Perry.  He  never 
attended  school  imt  live  davs  in  his  life,  vet  he  is  able  to  read.  His 
mother  died  when  lie  was  but  three  days  old.  At  present  he  is  en- 
gaged in  farming.  He  was  married  in  1S36  in  Wjjtertown,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  ().,  to  Harriet  Mason.  Eight  children  were  born  of 
this  union,  4  boys  and  4  girls.  Two  of  the  former  are  deceased. 
Mrs.  P.  was  born  in  Castleton,  X.  Y.,  July  10,  1S15;  she  was  the 
daughter  of  Carlo  Mason,  who  died  in  the  town  of  Perry  in  1S55. 
Tiiey  had  two  sons  in  the  Pebellion.  both  in  the  99th  Illinois  In- 
fantry; Nathan,  who  was  in  Co.  F,  was  killed  in  the  first  charge  ot 
Vicksburg;  and  James  B.,  who  was  in  Co.  B.,  died  of  sickness. 
Among  other  Pike  county  boys  of  Co.  F  of  this  regiment  who  were 
killed  "in  the  first  charge  at  Vicksburg,  were  Capt.  Smith,  Albert 
Orr,  Andrew  Scranton,  John  Elder  and  P.  Lee. 

Charles  Head  is  a  native  of  England,  and  was  Dorn  in  1S31 ;  in 
1S36  he  was  brought  to  America  by  his  parents,  Pobert  and  Susan 
(Callow)  Read.  He  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools 
of  this  county,  whither  he  was  brought  in  1S37.  He  was  married 
in  1S57,  to  Mary  Brown,  a  native  of  Ohio.  The  result  of  this  union 
has  been  9  children,  5  boys  and  4  girls.  Mr.  M.  is  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, and  owns  280  acres  of  ffood  land.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church. 

S'das  Reed,  farmer,  sec.  25;  P.  O.  Perry;  was  born  in  Ohio,  Oct. 
1,  1S31,  and  is  the  son  of  AVilliam  Reed,  who  had  married  a  Miss 
Clark,  of  Pennsylvania.  He  received  a  good  education,  besides 
having  attended  the  common  schools.  He  entered  an  academy,  now 
called  Clermont  College,  and  also  attended  the  graded  schools  of 
Clermont  county.  He  was  married  in  1S61  to  Rebecca,  daughter 
of  Lewis  Baldwin,  who  was  born  Jan.  26,  1S42,  in  Pike  county. 
Tliey  have  a  family  ot  5  children.  Mr.  R.  came  to  Pike  county 
with  his  parents  in  1859,  and  was  engaged  as  school-teacher  and 
book-kee]>er  for  some  time,  but  is  now  engaged  in  farming. 

Henry  Robinson^  farmer,  sec.  22 ;  P.  O.  Perry;  is  a  son  of  James 
N.  and  Mary  Allen  (Cohenour)  Robinson,  and  was  born  in  Brown 
county.  111.,  May  5,  1S50;  his  father  lived  in  this  county  35  years 
ago,  but  at  present  he  is  living  in  Brown  county,  and  has  been  very 
successful  financially.  Henry  received  his  education  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  Brown  county,  and  since  1876  has  been  engaged  in 
farming  in  this  township.  In  1877  he  was  married  to  Olive  Poe. 
Their  only  son  is  James  Herbert,  who  was  born  Aug.  5,  1878.  Mrs. 
R.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Jerome  W.Riish,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.  Perry. 
Mr.  R.  was  born  in  Ross  county,  O.,  in  1827,  and  is  a  son  of  John 
AV.  and  Sarah  (Brown")  Rush,  the  former  jI  native  of  Virginia,  and 
of  German  descent,  the  latter  of  Maryland,  and  of  English  descent. 
He  attended  schools  in  the  log  school-houses  of  this  county,  and  the 
Mt.  Sterling  high  school  for  two  terms.  In  1852,  Oct.  12.  he  was 
married  to  Nancy   C.  Yates,  and  of  the  5  children    which  have 


839  1IIST«»RY    OF    riKE    COTNTY. 

blessed  their  union,  all  are  livin<f.  Hvtii  he  aiul  his  wife  are  mem- 
bers of  the  M.  E.  Cluircli,  He  came  to  Pike  eoiuity  in  1S37,  mid 
located  on  sec.  30.  He  is  now  eiiL'Hi'ed  as  stock-raiser  and  stock 
dealer,  and  owns  400  acres  of  land,  all  but  SO  acres  (if  which  is 
prairie.  He  keeps  a  deer  park,  in  which  he  at  times  has  as  many 
as  20  deer. 

Jasper  SeijboUl.  Wy  occupation  .Mr.  S.  is  a  farmer,  and  owns  2r)5 
acres  (»f  laiul  in  this  countv.  In  l^«!^!  he  wa^  united  in  marriaire 
with  Mary  K.  Stautter,  who  hat*  borne  him  9  ciiildren,  4  bovs  and  5 
girls,  all  of  whom  are  living.  .Ijisper  Seyl)old  was  l>orn  in  Madison 
County,  III.,  JiMie  'J«'»,  1833.  and  is  a  son  »»f  .lames  and  <)live  ((Jas- 
killi  Sevlxdil.  His  father  was  born  in  Illinois,  and  his  mother  in 
New  ^  ork.  He  received  his  education  mostly  in  log  school- 
houses.  He  was  brou;;ht  frouj  Madisim  county  to  Pike  county  in 
1S36,  and  ha**  ever  iSince  resided  in  the  county.  He  has  served  as 
Township  Collector  an«l  as  School  I)irector  for  *J0  years. 

//•«/  W.  Stevtnsoti  was  liorn  in  Pike  county  Oct.  9,  1853,  and  is 
a  Son  of  John  and  .Mary  Ann  (Wilson)  Stevenson;  the  former  was 
a  well-known  pioneer  of  this  c»»unty,  and  died  Feb.  1,  1>S0.  He 
was  a  successful  farmer,  ami  ownitl  5^o  ueres  of  land  when  he  died. 
Ira  W.  received  his  education  in  the  coinnton  8chool>.  and,  be^ides 
farming,  he  deals  in  stock.  In  March,  1874,  he  was  united  in 
marriasre  with  Jennie  Cilines;  only  one  of  the  two  chiUiren  b»»rn  to 
them  are  living,  Nellie  May,  who  was  born  in  l.s77. 

Ani/unt  Sfntujin,  i'unuvr,  hvc.  1;  P.  ().,  Perry.  This  gentleman 
was  lK)rn  in  Gernuiny,  Aug.  11,  1840;  he  was  landed  in  New  Vork 
in  1857,  and  caine  to  Pike  county  in  1n5h,  where  he  ha.s  since  re- 
sided, with  the  exception  of  thret'  years  spent  in  the  arn)y.  He 
learned  the  trade  of  blacksmith  in  the  oM  country,  but  since 
1858  hti!>  \iocn  engaged  in  farming.  Aug.  9,  1n<)2,  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  B,  99lh  111.  Inft.,  and  renuiined  in  the  service  until  the  close 
of  the  war;  he  was  in  every  battle  that  his  regiment  was  in,  and 
in  all  the  niarches.  always  iK'ing  willing  and  ready  for  «luty.  He 
never  receive*!  a  wound.  He  was  in  the  charge  on  \'icksburg  and 
aided  in  airrying  the  Colonel  <»ti'  the  tiehl  when  he  was  wounded. 
Mr.  S.  was  married  Jan.  2,  1>«'>8.  t(»  Sarah  Harter,  and  l>oth  of  them 
arc  members  of  the  Lutlu-ran  Church,  of  I.Vrry,  of  which  he  is  a 
Trustee.     He  is  engage^!  in  farming,  and  owns  80  acre-*  of  land. 

Frederick  Strauss  was  born  Oct.  1,  1841,  in  (termany,  and  is  a 
son  of  Henry  I),  and  Wilhelmina  (I>auh  Stmuss.  Mr.  S.  came  to 
Pike  county  in  1*^57.  whi-re  he  hius  since  reside«l.  He  has  a  good 
German  and  a  go«Kl  Knglish  education.  He  is  engaged  iti  farming 
on  sec.  12,  and  owns  SO  acres  of  land.  His  is  the  oldest  settled 
place  in  the  township,  part  of  his  land  having  been  un<ler  cultiva- 
tion for  over  '.0  years.  In  1802  he  enlisted  iii  Co.  B,  99th  111.  Inf., 
under  Capt.  Matthews;  in  ls03  was  transferred  to  the  4th  Ke^'. 
Vet.  Res.  Corj)S,  in  which  he  was  a  non-commissioned  officer.  He 
served  three  years,  lacking  1 1  days.  He  was  in  nmny  of  the  im|x>r- 
tant  battles  of  the  war;  was  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg.  and  says 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  623 

that  the  da}'  after  the  rebels  surrendered  was  the  most  lonesome 
(lav  of  his  life.  He  had  become  so  accustomed  to  the  firiuij^  of  the 
artillery  that  he  was  lost  and  lonesome  without  its  constant  roar. 
In  1869  he  was  married  to  Denia  Hake,  and  they  have  a  family  of 
6  children,  4  of  whom  are  living.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Perry  Lutheran  Churcli. 

Merriman  Tticker^  farmer,  sec.  5  ;  P.  (^.  Fish-IIo  )k  ,  was  born 
in  Virginia  in  1819,  and  is  the  son  of  C.  and  Julia  (Warren)  Tucker, 
the  former  a  native  of  North  Carolina  and  the  latter  of  Virginia, 
and  both  of  Irish  ancestry.  Plis  opjxu-tunities  for  an  early  educa- 
tion were  very  limited,  and  most  of  his  education  was  obtained  af- 
ter he  was  21  years  of  age.  In  1842  he  was  married  to  Miss  A. 
Keeves;  0  children  have  been  born  to  bless  their  union.  Mr.  T.  is 
a  member  of  the  ^I.  E.  Church,  while  she  is  a  member  of  the  Chris- 
tian Church.  Their  son,  Coalstoii  Tucker,  during  the  dai-k  days  of 
the  rebellion  went  to  defend  his  country,  enlisting  in  the  14th 
RciT.  111.  Inf.,  and  served  till  1865.  Mr.  T.  is  eno-aijjed  in  farming 
and  has  made  it  a  business  to  improve  a  farm  and  then  sell  it, 
Ke  has  followed  this  mode  until  he  has  improved  12  farms  in  Pike 
and  Brown  counties.  When  he  first  came  here,  he  tells  us,  he  could 
see  wolves  more  frequently  than  he  can  hogs  at  large  at  the  pres- 
ent day. 

John  Vail,  farmer,  owning  over  200  acres  of  land,  was  born  Sept. 
24;  1815,  in  Ohio,  son  of  Solomon  and  Jane  Vail;  the  former  was 
born  in  AVashington  Co.,  Pa.,  and  of  German  descent,  and  his 
mother,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  of  the  same  State,  and  of  Irish  an- 
cestry. Mr.  V.  came  to  Illinois  in  1842,  landing  at  Qiiincy  Oct.  10; 
he  had  then  only  $300.  He  embarked  in  farming  and  owns  200 
acres  of  land  and  an  interest  in  160  more, — all  in  Pike  county.  In 
1846  he  was  i)uirried  to  Helena  A.  Reed.  Three  boys  and  four  girls 
were  born  to  them.  His  wife,  who  was  a  metnber  of  the  Christian 
Church,  died  May  4,  1868.  Mr.  Vail  politically  is  a  Democrat; 
has  served  as  Town  Clerk  3  years,  and  also  as  Supervisor,  Assessor 
and  Road  Commissioner. 

Leander  Vail,  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Perry.  Loander  Vail  was 
born  in  Pike  county,  111.,  Oct.  20,  1848;  he  is  the  son  of  John  and 
Helena  (Reed)  Vail,  early  pilgrims  to  this  county,  lie  received 
his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  Pike  county.  He  was 
united  in  marriage  Jan.  23,  1879,  to  Mary  Elledge,  daughter  of  A. 
A.  Elledge,  and  was  born  in  this  county  Oct.  25,  1848.  Her  father 
was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  this  county.  Mr.  Vail  has  served 
the  township  as  Collector,  and  is  Clerk  at  the  present  time.  Asa 
farmer  he  has  been  successful.  He  deals  in  cattle  and  hogs,  which 
he  buys  and  sells  to  shippers. 

J.  W.  Walker,  farmer,  sec.  24;  P.  O.,  Perry;  is  a  native  of  this 
county  and  the  son  of  Robert  and  Haniudi  (Scott)  Walker,  well 
known  in  the  earlv  historv  of  Pike  county.  J.  W.  was  born  Nov. 
27,  1850;  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  this 
county,  and  began  life  as  a  farmer,  now  owning  160  acres  of  good 


624  UIST"!{V    <>K    IMKK    COLNTV. 

land.  In  July,  1^71,  lie  wag  unitc'<l  in  inarriaj^e  with  Ellen  liatley, 
antl  t(i  tlieni  liavr  l»et'n  horn  8  chiUlren,  one  sun  jiihI  t\v<»  ilaii:rlitere. 
Doth  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  are  nienihers  ofthe  Christian  Church. 

Ikichttrd  T.  Witliiisley  was  horn  in  Rhode  Island  in  lS5I;his 
])arents  are  Richard  and  Mary  (Carpenter)  Walnislcv.  his  lather  a 
native  of  Kn;;Iand  and  his  mother  of  Rhode  Island.  Richard  T. 
attended  the  ciuninon  schools  of  his  native  State,  where  he  received 
a  fair  education;  ft»r  a  time  he  woi  ked  in  the  cotton  factmies  of 
Rhode  Island,  Massachusetts  and  Kentucky,  and  in  ISCi.S  came  to 
lllinoiN  wilii  his  fiither.  with  wh«»m,  in  connection  with  another 
hrother,  he  owns  ISO  acres  of  laii«I,  and  they  are  en^aired  in  farm- 
in^'.     His  mother  died  Jan.  'J»j,  iXJfi. 

Ira  J.  UV/*^>w  was  Inirn  in  New  Hampshire,  Jan.  7,  1S31,  and 
is  a  son  of  James  and  Mary  Wilson,  lH>th  natives  of  Vermont  and 
of  Irish  deseent.  Sept.  10,  lS.'i7,  he  was  unite<l  in  marriaire  with 
Marietta  Corey,  a  native  <»f  this  county.  I'.oih  he  and  his  wife  re- 
ceived a  «^oo«l  common  schytd  education.  Mr.  W.  went  to  Oregon 
in  1S52,  in  ls;)4  to  California,  two  years  later  returneil  to  Illinois, 
ami  in  the  f«»llowin4;  year  was  married,  as  ^tated  alwive.  and  is  now 
eni^i^cil  in  farmiiii^  in  this  tjiwnship.  He  came  tolllinoisin  1S3G 
with  his  father,  who  settled  in  (tri^p»ville,  and  in  lb.'J7  located  <»n 
see.  3,  this  tp.      Mrs.  Wilson  is  a  niemlH;r  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Jamts  Wooilti,  larmer,  sec.  K.;  !*.().,  Fish  Hook;  is  a  native  of 
iSrown  c«>unty,  <).,  an<I  was  horn  in  iM)*^.  and  is  a  son  (»f  Samuel 
an<l  EUie  (^Ritchie)  Wo<k1s,  the  former  of  Irish  descent  and  the  lat- 
ter a  native  of  Ireland.  Mr.  W.  ha>  a  linjited  education  which  lie 
rt^ceivwl  in  the  ctunmon  sclimds  ot  Ohio;  he  wune  to  Pike  county 
in  March,  ls4r>,  and  en  '  in  farminir,  now  ownin<.'  1»'»0  acres  of 

land  on  sec.  \i\.  He  w..  ;  ;  ried  in  182"J,  to  Rachel  JackM»n,  and 
6  of  the  8  children  lH»rn  to  them  are  living,  all  t»f  whom  are  mar- 
ried. In  1871>  Mr.  W.  had  liecn  marrieii  for  half  a  century,  and 
Ix'th  he  and  his  wife  have  In-en  '  '  •  rs  of  the  M.  E.  Church  for 
5U  years.     She  is  3  year^  and  4  •  vomiger  than  he  is. 


fc 


-*tl 


^ 


•\ 


\ 


NEWSAI^EM  TOWNSHIP. 

This  is  a  full  Congressional  township,  and  is  officiHlly  known  as 
township  four  south,  range  four  west  of  the  fourth  principal  meri- 
dian. New  Salem  is  a  i)rairie  township,  and  in  an  agricultural  point 
of  view  is  an  especially  fine  section  of  country.  It  was  not  set- 
tled as  early  as  some  of  the  more  southern  townships  of  the  county 
were,  but  at  present  ranks  with  any  in  regard  to  improvements.  It 
is  settled  with  an  enterprising  class  of  people  who  never  lag  in  such 
matters. 

Although  it  is  what  we  may  term  a  prairie  township  it  is  well 
watered  and  drained.  Strange  to  say,  even  in  this  peninsula,  formed 
hy  the  Mississippi  and  Illinois  rivers,  there  is  no  well-defined 
water-shed.  However,  we  find  so  many  streams  having  their 
origin  in  this  township  and  flowing  in  difi'erent  directions,  we  con- 
clude it  to  be  one  of  the  highest  tracts  of  land  in  the  county.  Bay 
creek,  and  one  of  its  main  branches,  have  their  origin  in  Kew 
Salem.  Also  the  south  Fork  of  McGee's  creek,  a  branch  of  the 
Middle  Fork  of  the  same  creek,  and  another  small  stream  which 
runs  ulf  into  Adams  county,  the  name  of  which  we  do  not  know. 

The  first  pioneer  who  ventured  to  locate  in  this  townshi])  was 
Mr.  Joab  Shinn,  who  came  in  1S30  and  located  on  sec.  14  in  the 
edge  of  the  beautiful  grove  there. 

The  next  settlement  was  made  in  the  southern  part  of  the  town- 
ship, sec.  24,  in  ls31,  l»y  Isaac  Conkright  and  his  two  sons.  About 
the  same  time  came  William  Scholl ;  also  Nathan  Swiggart  and 
Samuel  Griffith,  who  located  on  sec.  14,  in  company  with  Mr. 
Shinn.     Then  came  William  Crumji,  Henry  Brown  and  others. 

In  1832  the  Black  Hawk  war  occurred,  and  although  the  l)attle 
grounds  were  many  miles  distant,  yet  it  was  the  cause  of  much  ex- 
citement and  ap]irehension  in  this  county.  The  immediate  result 
of  this  was  t<j  check  immigration  to  this  State,  and  for  a  few  years 
few  new  settlers  made  their  appearance  in  this  section.  However, 
after  the  lapse  c»f  a  lew  seasons,  when  it  began  to  be  definitely  un- 
derstood in  the  Ea^t  and  South  that  no  further  molestations  were 
likelv  to  occur,  a  new  tide  of  immij'ration  set  toward  this  county 
never  l)efore  or  since  equaled.  This  l)egan  in  l.'^34  and  continued 
for  about  five  years.  A  system  of  advertising  and  s]H'Culation 
similar  to  that  now  prevailing  in  the  country  several  hundreds  ot 
miles  further  West,  brought  thousands  upon  thousands. 

Not  unlike  the  excitement  which  prevailed  at  later  periods  in  re- 


O'^S  niKToKV    OF    I'IKK    COINTY. 

<;ar(l  to  the  Western  i^oUl,  silver  und  lead  mliies,was  that  which  swej)t 
thrttujrh  the  Eastern  ami  Southern  States  in  rei^anl  to  Illinois  lands 
anil  town  hits.  iJuriM:;  the years  ISS')  7,  nnne  than  .')<>(»  town-  were 
laid  out  in  Illinois,  nianv  of  these  in  I*ikeconntv.  Kailruads  were 
projected  throui^h  nearly  all  of  them,  and  these,  with  the  town 
sites,  were  jdatted,  showin-j  depot  «;roiinds,  parks  and  tlrives,  and 
Were  sent  with  the  most  exa:;i;crated  descrijitions  tt»  all  |tarts  of  the 
Country.  Tin-  State  (rovcrninent  cau«,'lit  the  epidemic,  and  hills 
for  railroads,  canals,  and  other  internal  improvements  were  passed, 
correspondinj^  in  ma'^nitude  with  the  universal  expectancy  of  the 
peo]>]e.  In  ISI^T  a  Hnancial  crisis  aimc  and  found  this  State  l>ut 
ill-prepared  for  the  shock.  As  a  conscciuencc,  the  numerous  rail- 
roads, canals  and  ])aper  cities  vuni^hed  in  thin  air.  Kor  a  numltcr 
of  years  after  this,  improvements  and  immigration  was  at  a  stand 
fetill.  Of  course  this  part  of  the  country,  havinj^  no  extra  inducements 
to  olFer.  partodk  of  the  ^M-neral  stai,'nation,  and  for  a  sc<ire  of  years 
no  remarkable  advance  was  made  either  in  po}»ulation  or  improve- 
ment. Occasionally  a  new  arrival  was  announcetl.  A  relation  or 
frienii  writin;^  to  tlio  old  home  in  the  Kast  or  South,  would  induce 
Souse  one  to  c«»me  out  to  see  the  country,  and  perhaps  work  a  year, 
and  once  here,  ho  would  likely  slay.  As  in  other  parts  ot  the 
State,  the  tirst  settlers  h>cjite<l  in  or  near  the  timber,  and  there  we 
tind  tlie  Hrst  improvements.  Ere"  nrnny  years,  however,  some  of 
the  more  enterjtrisin;^  pushed  out  up<»n  the  fertile  prairies.  They 
tliscovered  that  farms  much  more  prolitalde  could  l>e  ma<le.  mucn 
easier  and  <juicker  than  in  the  timl)er. 

The  first  |>erson  who  met  death  in  this  townshin  was  Mr.  ('ar- 
rington,  wlio  died  in  is.'H.  The  first  sermon  preached  washy  liev. 
Samuel  <  >plesl»y,  a  Methodist  minister.  This  sermon  was  delivered 
at  the  funeral  of  Sarah  Tedrow. 

The  tirst  schoulhouse  in  New  Salem  was  built  in  1834.  The 
buildin<^  stood  on  sec.  15  and  for  sevenil  years  was  used  for  re- 
lijjituis  purposes.  The  Hrst  church  was  built  in  the  villa<;e  (»f  New 
Salem  in  1S44.  by  the  Met!»odist  brethren.  The  first  steam-mill 
wa*  built  in  l^.')»»-7,  by  Cooper  Temple,  near  the  villa^' of  New 
Salem. 

The  Walia.-h  luiiiroad  pa*»ses  thr<.u«:h  the  townshijt,  enteriiif^ 
from  the  east  ab(»ut  the  middle  of  sec.  24,  runnin;;  on  a  direct 
westerly  line  until  the  town  of  New  Salem  is  reached,  when  it 
strikes  a  west  north »vest  course  to  Pineville. 

There  are  two  pleasant  little  country  villafjes  in  this  township, 
both  of  which  are  on  the  line  of  the  Wal)a.sh  Railroad,  and  in  the 
midst  of  a  tine  farmir)^  community.  The  older,  New  Salem,  was 
laid  out  Dec.  22,  1S47,  by  William  F.  Hooper  and  Jacob  Shinn. 
It  is  located  on  sees.  22  and  15.  The  original  town  was  further 
north  than  the  main  portion  of  the  ])resent  villa^  is.  Pineville, 
which  is  located  on  the  southwest  quarter  of  sec.  7,  was  laid  out 
by  William  Pine,  jr.,  r>ct.  26,  1861<.  The  name  has  since  been 
changed  to  Baylis.  that  l>eing  the  name  of  the  p»stottice. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  629 

NEW    SALEM    UNIVERSALIST    CHURCH. 

The  Universalist  Church  in  New  Salem  owes  its  existence  prin- 
cipally to  the  earnest  efforts  of  Daniel  Fisher  and  David  Preble 
(two  la,ymen  whose  wives  were  sisters),  and  a  few  zealous  friends 
who  aided  their  elfurts. 

They  were  atnoni,^  the  early  settlers  of  the  town,  and  are  grate- 
full}'  remembered  for  what  they  were,  and  what  they  did  to  benefit 
society,  for  they  have  both  gone  to  their  final  rest. 

Their  dwelling-houses  were  open  for  religious  worshij>  in  the 
early  days  when  church  accommodations  were  wanting,  and  the 
ministers  of  other  forms  of  faith  besides  their  own  held  services 
in  them. 

Among  the  early  advocates  of  Universalism  who  preached  in 
Kew  Salem  and  vicinity,  were  Revs.  Abel  Chandler,  William  Gam- 
age,  E.  Manford  and  Father  Wolf  The  last  mentioned  was  a 
Dunkard  or  German  r>aj)tist,  who  believed  in  the  final  salvation 
of  all  souls.  The  first  seeds  of  the  Universalist  faith  were 
sown  ])rincipally  by  these  men.  Mr.  Gatnage  was  the  first  Uni- 
versalist minister  who  had  continuous  appointments  in  the  vicinity 
of  New  Salem.  He  probably  preached  in  Mr.  Fisher's  house  in 
1849,  and  held  services  once  a  month  for  some  two  or  three  years. 
He  resided  a  part  of  the  time  in  Naples,  and  a  part  of  the  time  in 
Barry,  and  depended  principally  upon  school-teaching  for  his  sup- 
port. 

The  soil  here  was  favorable  to  the  growth  of  the  Universalist  faith, 
as  is  shown  by  the  eagerness  of  the  people  to  obtain  that  kind  of 
religious  readinff.  For  when  the  Universalist  State  Missionarv, 
Rev.  AV,  E.  Reily,  visited  New  Salem,  in  the  month  of  August, 
1851,  to  preach  on  Sunday,  but  was  prevented  from  holding  re- 
ligious services  by  a  heavy  rain  storm  that  prevailed  at  the  time, 
he  sold  twelve  dollars  worth  of  Universalist  books. 

When  school-houses  were  built,  and  religious  services  were  held 
in  them,  the  appointment  for  a  Universalist  meeting  sometimes 
created  bitter  opposition,  and  to  avoid  this,  Messrs.  Fisher  and 
Preble  concluded  to  make  the  attempt  to  build  a  church  edifice, 
thouMi  the  friends  were  neither  numerous  nor  wealth  v.  Thevsaid  we 
will  get  what  help  we  can,  and  what  is  lacking  we  will  pay  ourselves. 
Mr.  Fisher  bought  the  land  on  which  the  church  stands,  and  after- 
ward deeded  to  the  society,  and  the  present  church  building, 
valued  at  $2,500,  was  completed  and  dedicated  the  17tli  of  Decem- 
ber, 1854. 

Rev.  D.  R.  Eiddlecome  had  been  engaged  to  preach  every  other 
Sabbath,  a  short  time  before  the  dedication  of  the  church,  and  he 
preached  the  dedication  sermon.  He  continued  his  labors  f  )r  two 
years  and  a  half,  and  organized  a  Church  August  5,  1855.  Apart 
of  this  time  he  occupied  three-fourths  of  his  time  in  New  Salem, 
though  he  resided  at  Griggsville. 

In  the  spring  of  1857,  Rev.  A.  M.  Worden  was  engaged  as  Pas- 


630  IIISTiiUV    oK    IMKK    COLNTV 

tor,  aiul  c<)iiti!Hied  Ins  pastorate  for  six  years,  preaching  one-lmlf  of 
the  time  in  New  Salem,  ami    the  other  half  in   Hurry;  except  the 
la.st  year,  when  lie  preached  all  the  time  in  New  Salem.     He  rc•^i^led 
all  the  time,  except  the  last  year,  in    Marry.     The  Sunday  School 
was  commenced  durin;;  his  pastorate  in  the  summer  of  1862. 

Uev,  William  (lamage  was  en;^aj;ed  t*t  teach  the  village  sjhool,  in 
thf  fall  of  isr.r.,  and  was  employed  to  j)reach  every  other  Sunday 
in  New  Salem  for  two  years. 

During  the  years  1872-3and,  75,  Kev.  John  Hughes  preached 
one  Sahhath  a  month  here.  T\\ii  Church  was  re-organized  during 
his  mini-try.  He  never  resided  in  the  pari>h,  hut  usually  came  on 
Saturday  ami  left  on  Monday,  and  of  cour^e  had  not  much  oppor- 
tunity to  do  parish  work,  tiiough  he  had  large  congregatit»ns.  The 
strength  of  tiie  parish  at  tiiat  time  was'io  families,  30  churcii  mem- 
hcrs,  an<i  a  Sninlay-bcho<d  «»f  ^1  scholars  and  teachers. 

itev.  T.  H.  Tahor  ^upl^lie<l  tor  the  parish  one  Sunday  in  a  month 
for  six  luonthB  «luring  llie  summer  of  ls76.  In  the  month  of  J)e- 
cemlier,  1878,  he  returned  to  New  Salem,  held  services  every  eve- 
ning for  a  week,  andjthe  Sahhath  previous  and  the  Sahhath  after 
tlicse  Wfi'k  meetings.  During  these  meetings  27  new  meml>ers 
united  with  tlu'  ("hurcli. 

Mr.  Talntr  wji*  engage<l  to  preach  for  the  parish  one-lialf  of  the 
time  in  March,  1S7'.«,  ami  is  now  the  resi«lent  Pastor.     The  reported 
strength  of  the  parish  at  the  commencement  of  the  year  18>0  was  5** 

nKKiKAl'lilK-S. 

We  give  in  connectitni  with  tlic  aliove  sketch  hrief  hiographies 
of  the  oM  settlers  and  )>rominetit  |)ersons  of  the  township.  Tiiey 
will  Im*  found  to  form  an  interesting  feature  ot  this  voliune 

J.  Ik.  AUr-n;  I*.  ( >.,  I'aylis;  was  horn  in  this  county  in  IS5<»;  Jiig 
parents,  J.  M.  and  Mary  Allen,  were  natives  of  Kentucky,  and  cjime 
Ijere  in  an  early  day  and  settlinl  on  the  farm  where. I.  I{.  now  resides. 
In  lsr»7  he  marrie<l  Mahala  A.  H<niston,  who  was  l>orn  in  Adams 
county,  this  State,  in  1S4*>.  and  tliey  i»ail  7  children,  namely.  Wil- 
liam D.,  Charles  T.,  Andy  M.,  Leva  (decease*! ).  .J,  L.,  Jetf.  li.  and 
Mary  M.  Mr.  Allen  has  followed  carpentering  ami  farming;  ijwns 
9('  acres  of  land.  He  had  one  hrother.  who  lost  his  life  in  the  late 
war;  was  first  \vounde<l  near  Helena,  Ark.,  and  died  at  (Jaj»e  < Gir- 
ardeau. 

John  Arufrews,  dealer  in  general  merchandise.  New  Salem,  is  a 
native  o\'  England,  where  he  was  horn  Feh.  6,  1>40;  he  came  to  the 
Uniteil  States  in  l'^.*>4.  and  two  years  later  cauje  to  this  county,  and 
in  1>61  emharked  in  the  mercantile  husinesg  at  New  Salem.  lu 
1863  he  was  unite<l  in  marriage  with  Miss  M.  A.  Temple;  she  was 
U)rn  in  St,  Louis  in  1^4•2.  and  died  in  1865.  In  186s  Mr.  A.  was 
married  to  Miss  H.  L.  Fisher,  a  native  of  Ohio.  To  them  have 
been  l»orn  5  children:  Charles,  Harry,  Maud,  Alice  and  John.  Mr. 
A.  has  held  the  office  of  Postmaster,  at  New  Salem,  since  1867. 
He  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  L'niversalist  Church. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  631 

John  C'lrnes,  deceased,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizahetli  Carnes, 
natives  of  Maryland,  was  born  in  1>^12;  at  the  a<^e  of  i-i  lie  moved 
to  Ohio,  and  in  1858  married  Michel  Hardin,  who  was  born  in 
Harrison  county,  O.,  in  1814,  and  they  had  one  child.  He  came 
to  this  State  about  35  years  ago,  and  located  in  this  tp,,  wliere  he 
lived  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1807.  Mrs.  Carnes  carried 
on  the  farm  until  her  son  John  was  old  enough  to  attend  to  it. 
Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carnes  were  members  of  the  United  Brethren 
Church.     P.  O.,  New  Salem. 

Solomon  G.  Chaney^  farmer,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was 
born  in  1843,  son  of  Elijah  and  Mar}'  Chancy,  the  former  a  native 
of  Maryland  and  the  latter  of  England,  who  came  to  this  county  in 
1835,  and  remained  until  their  death.  Solomon  was  married  in 
1866  to  EmmaEddingHeld,  who  was  born  in  1843  in  Lancaster,  O., 
and  they  had  7  children, — Emma  E.,  Hiram  E.,  Maude  E.,  Alcyone 
A.,  Hennon  G.,  Rosa  C.  and  Mary  L.;  Maude  is  dead.  Mr.  C.  enlisted 
in  the  late  war  in  1861,  in  Co.  I,  33d  Reg.  HI.  Inf. ;  was  in  the 
battle  at  Fredericktown,  Mo.,  campaign  in  Arkansas,  then  through 
Missouri,  was  in  the  siege  of  Yicksburg,  at  JS'ew  Orleans,  then  on 
the  Texas  coast,  then  Mobile,  Ala.  He  was  mustered  out  Dec.  10, 
1865,  at  Camp  Butler,  this  State,  and  has  since  followed  farming; 
owns  40  acres  of  land.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Clianey  are  members  of  the 
Universalist  Church.     Mr.  C.  is  also  a  Free  Mason. 

Joseph  E.  Chaney^  farmer,  was  born  in  1833,  in  Washington,  D. 
C,  and  is  a  son  of  Elijah  and  Mary  C.  Chaney,  the  former  a  native 
of  Maryland  and  the  latter  of  England,  who  came  to  America  in 
1820.  At  the  age  of  H  years  Joseph  E.  went  to  England,  and  re- 
turned in  18  months,  and  has  since  been  a  resident  of  New  Salem. 
He  is  a  farmer  and  resides  on  sec.  20 ;  owns  160  acres  of  land,  and 
it  is  well  improved.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  are  members  of  the  Uni- 
versalist Church. 

A.  B.  Cohh,  physician;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was  born  in  Steuben  Co., 
N.  Y.,  in  1830,  and  is  a  son  of  Philanthropy  and  Harriet  Cobb,  of 
English  descent,  his  father  a  native  of  New  York  and  mother  of 
Massachusetts.  At  the  age  of  13  he  came  with  his  parents  to  this 
county  and  located  in  Perry,  where  he  learned  the  harness  and  sad- 
dler's trade,  which  he  followed  for  6  years;  then  read  medicine  under 
Dr.  Carey  3  years,  and  in  1856-7  attended  the  Missouri  Medical 
College ;  then  commenced  practice  in  Iladley  tp.,  and  remained 
tliere  12  years.  Was  Postmaster  4  years,  and  also  School  Director. 
In  1853  he  married  Miss  Emma  J.  Shields,  who  was  born  in  1836, 
in  Fulton  county.  111.,  and  died  Feb.  8,  1868,  in  Pladley  tp.  They 
had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  living.  In  1870  Dr.  Cobb  married 
Laura  Huntley,  born  in  1835,  and  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  They 
have  one  child,  and  are  members  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

A.  W.  Cochran,  sec.  4;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was  born  in  Bel- 
mont county,  Ohio,  in  1815;  his  father,  James,  a  native  of  Ireland, 
was  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  and  ])resent  at  St.  Clair's  defeat. 
His  mother,  Elizabeth,   was  a  native  of  Germany.     Our  subject 


632  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

Ciiiiif  t<j  this  county  in  I'^tiJ.  In  1*^51  lie  niurried  Mi&e  liubeeeu 
Cornsvell,  born  in  1^•J5,  and  thev  had  lo  children;  only  5  uf  tiiese 
are  iivin*;^.  Mr.  C.  has  followed  bntcherin';,  and  of  late,  farinin;; 
and  tradin:,'  on  the  Mississippi  river.  lie  has  held  the  ottice  of 
School  Director  for  the  remarkably  l<»ii:;  period  of  44  years,  and 
in  Ohio  was  School  Treasurer.  During  the  war  he  snpj>orted  13 
families  while  the  husbands  and  fathers  servetl  in  the  held.  Mr. 
Cochran  had  an  exciting  e.vperietjce  in  Ohio  diirin-;  the  war,  which 
we  rehite.  While  he  was  electioiieerin^jj  for  .McClellan,  a  man  who 
was  b«»th  preacher  and  dt»ctor,  acoompanie<l  by  y  soldit'rs,  came  to 
Mr.  C.  and  threatenetl  to  han^  him;  out  when  the  soldiers  learned 
that  Mr.  C  was  8up|H>rtin^  13  soldiers'  families  they  relejised  him 
and  were  about  to  han^  the  reverend  d»»ct4»r,  when  they  were  dis- 
siuide«l  by  the  kindly  feeling  of  .Mr.  CV>cliran. 

John  JJ.  Coinhs  was  l>oru  in  1792  in  France,  and  was  tlio  bon  of 
Ji»hn  I),  and  Mary  A.  Combs,  who  were  also  natives  of  Franco; 
the  family  emii;rate<l  to  New  Castile  in  IV>rtU(fal,  when  he  wa> 
youn«;;  at  the  time  of  lionaparte's  defeat  at  this  place,  John  D.  lied 
to  seek  shelter  from  the  shot  and  shell  of  the  British  army;  ho  got 
lust  from  his  motiier  and,  sup|K>sing  she  had  )>een  killed,  wandered 
around  in  search  of  his  fjither,  he  l»eing  on  lioiiaparte's  staff,  but 
found  him  ilead.  Our  ^ubject  was  now  left  without  parents, 
brother  or  sister,  and  he  knew   not    what   to  do;  a  Jewish  peddler 

})rovod  to  bo  a  good  Sanuirit^iii  Ur  him,  taking  iiim  in  charge, 
ceding  him  ami  conveying  him  to  Lisbon;  here  the  orphan  wan- 
den'd  about  the  city,  sleeping  out  of  do<»rh  and  in  abandoned  re- 
treats tor  3  or  4  weeks,  and  getting  iiotiiing  to  ejit  e.vcept  what  he 
could  )>ick  up  from  the  back  dinars  of  hotels  and  boarding  houses. 
Here  again  a  gcKnl  Samaritan  ap}H'areil  in  tlic  i)ereon  of  an  Ameri- 
can sea  captain,  and  ttnik  himal>oard  of  his  shipan<l  cared  for  iiim 
until  hi."»  (the  captain's)  death.  The  captjiin's  wife  then  became 
his  guanlian  and  oouuii  him  out  to  the  lx»ot  and  shoemaker's  trade; 
at\er  4^  years'  stay  ho  ran  away  from  his  master  and  eidisted  in  the 
r.  S.  service  for  .*>  years  timier  Scott's  command  at  Baltimore, 
thence  t«»  New  Orleans  and  Uj)  the  Mississipj)i  river,  stopping  at 
Baton  ivouge,  St.  Ixtuis  and  Council  itlutfs.  This  expedition  was 
for  the  purpose  of  making  traities  witii  the  Indians  in  Nebraska 
and  a-s  far  north  as  the  Yellowstone.  After  5  years'  service  he  was 
mustereii  out  at  OmaluL,  Neb.,  and  went  to  New  Orleans  for  his  pay; 
then  returned  to  this  St^ite,  then  a  territory,  and  located  at  Alton, 
where  he  was  tirst  married.  After  working  at  his  trade  for  several 
years,  he  commenced  selling  goods  on  the  Illin(»is  river,  at  Perry, 
and  also  at  New  Salem.  He  is  at  present  living  a  retired  life  at 
the  age  of  >S  years.  He  has  been  3  times  marrie<l,  but  is  now  a 
widower;  is  unusually  sjirv  and  active  for  one  of  his  age,  and 
challenges  any  man  in  the  county  for  a  half-mile  race.  P.O., 
New  Salem. 

J.  S.  C"ft^'ri<//it,  sec.  26;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was  Ixjrn  in  thi.- 
county  in  1836;  his  parents,  Isaac  and  Elizabeth  Conkright,  were 


HISTORY    OF    PIKP:   COUNTY.  633 

natives  of  Kentucky,  lie  owns  160  acres  of  good  land,  in  1863 
he  was  married  to  Harriet  L.  Bean,  of  this  county,  who  was  born 
in  1847;  they  have  2  chiUlren,  Jolin  W.  and  Harris.  They  are 
members  of  the  UniversalistCliurch. 

Williaui  Crumj)^  farmer,  sec.  24;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was  l)orn 
in  Washington  county,  Penn.,  in  1815;  his  parents,  Stephen  and 
Nancy  Crump,  were  natives  of  Virginia.  From  1828  to  1835  tlie 
family  lived  in  Virgini.i.  Our  subject  came  to  this  State  in  tlie 
spring  of  1835  and  settled  in  Quincv;  while  there  he  manufacture'! 
wagons.  In  1837  he  moved  to  this  county,  and  in  1838  he  marrie<l 
Miss  Margaret  Hooper,  who  was  born  in  Clermont  county,  Ohio, 
in  1821,  and  they  had  8  children, — Joseph,  John,  George  W., 
Nathan,  Mary  E.,  Thomas  II.,  Harriet  E.  and  Jennie  A.;  the  second 
and  fifth  are  dead.  Mr.  Crump  has  tbllowed  farming,  princijjally, 
since  settling  in  this  county.  When  he  came  here  the  settlement 
was  very  thin,  there  being  but  one  family  between  his  farm  and 
Griggsville;  the  nearest  mill  was  8  miles  away.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C. 
are  Methodists. 

31.  S.  Darrah,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;*  was  born  in  this  county 
in  1839,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Darrali;  his  father 
was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  his  mother  of  Pennsylvania.  Except  10 
years  in  Champaign  County,  this  State,  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
has  always  resided  in  this  county.  His  occupation  is  that  of  a 
farmer,  and  he  owns  120  acres,  his  residence Jjeing  on  sec.  15.  Oct. 
25,  1865,  he  married  Maggie  M.  Hooper,  who  is  also  a  native  of  this 
county,  and  they  have  5  children, — Gertie,  deceased;  Gracie,  de- 
ceased; Franklin,  Freddie,  Mary  G.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  D.  are  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Mr.  D.  served  3  months  in  the  war,  in  the 
regiment?!  band,  and  was  discharged  on  account  of  bleeding  at  the 
lungs. 

II.  L.  Davidson^  son  of  Joshua  and  Susanna  Davidson,  natives 
of  Penns3dvania,  was  born  in  1818  in  Ohio,  where  he  was  brought 
up;  in  1856  he  emigrated  to  this  county,  settling  on  a  farm  1-^  miles 
north-west  of  Baylis,  where  he  followed  both  farming  and  black- 
smithing.  In  1841  he  married  Miss  Hannah  Tipton,  who  was  born 
in  1819  in  Jefferson  county,  Ohio,  and  of  their  8  children  3  are 
living,  to  wit:  John  H.,  Susan  and  Mary  L.  Mrs.  D.  died  in  1878. 
In  1877  Mr.  D.  moved  into  Baylis,  where  he  erected  a  wagon  and 
blacksmith  shop,  and  he  does  all  kinds  of  work  in  his  line.  He 
was  a  local  preacher  in  the  M,  E.  Church  25  years,  and  for  the  last 
6  years  he  has  held  the  same  position  in  the  United  Brethren 
Church. 

W.  II.  Deader  was  born  in  1838  in  Huntingdon  county,  Pennsyl- 
vania; when  10  years  of  age  he  came  with  his  ])arent8,  Isaac  and 
Sophia  Deeder  to  this  county,  settling  at  Pittslield;  in  1859  he  mar- 
ried Sarah  J.  Mountain,  a  native  of  Adams  county,  111.,  and  they 
had  one  child.  Mrs.  D.  died  in  1863,  and  the  next  year  ]\[r.  D.  mar- 
ried Sophronia  Osborne,  who  was  born  in  1857  in  Tennessee,  and 
they  have  had  7  children,  5  now  living.     Mr.  D.  has  been  School 


(134  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COCMV. 

Director,  hihI  is  now  an  ordained  minister  of  the  Baptist  Cluircii  at 
Fairniount.  He  served  3  ycrs  and  S  niontlis  in  the  hite  war,  in 
the  2d  Ke<;iincnt,  Battery  A,  since  which  time  lio  lias  followed 
tiiriniiii;  and  hlacksmithin^.      Residence,  sec.  4;  1*.  ().,  Baylis. 

Theiulore  JJoylt,,  physician,  was  horn  in  Marion  county,  Ohio,  in 
l!>4G.  His  lather,  S'icholas  Doyle,  was  a  native  of  Ireland;  his 
mother,  Maria,  was  a  native  of  liedford  connty,  l*enn.  At  the  age 
of  10  years  he  moved  to  ('iiiwli»rd>viile,  Indiana,  lived  there  2 
years,  then  moved  to  Champaign  county,  this  Slate.  In  \^Cu 
he  came  to  this  county,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  commenced 
the  study  of  medicine  while  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  State,  lie 
graduated  at  the  .\mericaii  Kfjectic  Medical  ("olh»ge  at  St.  L»uis, 
and  conimenced  practice  in  Kiiiderho.»k,  this  county.  Sept.  4,  1.^70, 
Dr.  Doyle  ujarried  Delight  S.  Winsor,  who  was  horn  Dec.  l.'>,  ls44, 
in  this  county,  and  thoy  had  2  children.  Mrs.  D.'s  parents  were 
Ahm/.o  and  Mariraret  Winscir,  natives  of  New  York.  The  Dr.  has 
an  extensivi'  ..••.•*;.•.•.     1*.  ().,  New  Salem. 

Jithn    W.  I:  y,  son  of  Wesley  and  Sarah    Kllsherry,  natives 

of  Kentucky,  was  horn  In  ('leruioiit  county,  (Jhio,  in  lf>25.  When 
he  was  2  vears  old  lie  movu«l  with  his  parents  to  I*r(»wn  c«tu!itv,  ()., 
where  he  was  raist?<l  and  e<luc«ted.  In  1^4s  he  came  to  Pike 
ctiunty  and  li»cate«l  in  thi-  tp.,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Oct.  23, 
lN')2,  he  njarried  .Mary  •!  \Iace,  who  was  l>orn  in  Somerset  (now 
BiscatJUjui-')  County,  Mai iM",  in  1^29,  and  came  to  this  couiity  in 
l^:*f'i,  and  they  have  had  4  children,  namely:  Henry  !>.,  .Fohn  M., 
Kiia  D.  and  Harmon  P.;  the  latter  died  in  Novemher,  lb<J7.  ( )ur  8ul>- 
ject  has  held  the  otHcc  ot  Commissioner  of  Highways,  School  Direc- 
tor, Justice  of  tin  Peice,  and  Assessor.  His  principal  occupati<jn  has 
heer.  farming,  though  formerly  he  was  a  hlack>mith;  aUo  carried 
on  a  saw- mill,  and  kept  a  liimher  yanl.  He  n<»w  owns  ^^  acr».*s  of 
land  with  good  house  on  it,  and  well  fonce<l.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  E.  are 
memlx'rs  of  the  L'niversalist  Church.     P.  O.,  New  Salem. 

G.  W.  Enijlish,  farmer,  sec.  '.♦;  P.  (J,  New  Salejii ;  was  l»oni  in 
riermont  county,  ().,  in  !^27.  His  parents,  Ilohert  and  .Martha 
Ijiglish,  Were  natives  of  New  York,  and  aime  t«»  this  county  when 
G.  W.  was  8  years  old;  at  that  time'  there  was  n<»  house  hetwe<?n 
them  and  Quincy.  a  distance  of  2a  miles;  an«l  here  our  suhject  has 
live<l  ever  since,  except  3  years  spent  in  California,  prospecting  for 
gold.  He  went  in  1^.'»2  and  njade  $1.<KK>;  he  went  a<!ro6s  the 
isthmus  and  returned  the  same  way  to  New  York.  In  1850  Mr. 
English  married  Sarah  E.  Bryant,  who  was  horn  in  Verniont  in 
Septemher,  l>3*J.and  their  5  children  are. —  Nathan, (ieorge.Luella, 
Emma  E.  and  Marv  F.  His  eldest  son  is  studvin;;  for  the  ministry, 
in  Lincoln,  Nehraska.  Mary  is  a  teacher  in  the  public  schools  at 
Baylis,  III.  All  the  family,  except  Mary,  are  Methodists.  Mr.  E.  is  a 
zealous  Sunday-school  worker.  Mr.  English  l>eing  also  a  worker  in 
his  country's  cause,  organized  the  Union  League  in  many  plates  in 


^: 


'6. 


a'ctumt^  /J  i^<-c^/i^ 


PLEASANTVALE  TP 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  637 


this  county,  and  was  President  ofCounh'-  Lea<^ue.  He  is  a  farmer 
and  stock-raiser,  and  inai-ces  a  specialtv  of  Poland-China  hogs. 

John  EwiiKj^  farmer,  sec.  6  ;  P.  O.,  Baylis;  was  born  in  Jefferson 
count}',  O.,  in  1817.  His  parents,  Alexander  and  Susan  Ewing, 
were  natives  of  Pennsylvania.  They  came  to  Ohio  in  an  early  day, 
and  in  1851  came  to  Illinois  and  died  in  this  count}'.  In  1841  our 
subject  married  Keziah  Tii)ton,  born  in  1825,  in  Jefferson  county, 
Ohio;  and  they  have  had  4  children,  to  wit  :  Alexander,  Susan  C. 
and  Nancy  A.  Susan  died  4  years  ago.  ]\[r.  E.  has  been  School 
Director.  In  early  life  he  was  in  limited  circumstances,  but  by 
industry  and  economy  he  has  acquired  100  acres  of  land.  His  wife 
is  a  Baptist. 

Charles  B.  Flsk,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  son  of  Eleazer  and 
Lucy  Fisk;  v/as  born  in  Xew  Hampshire  in  1829;  he  was  taken  to 
Massachusetts  with  his  parents  when  he  was  one  3'ear  old,  and  in 
1840  came  to  Griggsville,  this  county.  In  1860  he  married  Betsey 
E.  Cobbs,  who  was  born  in  1837  or  1838..  in  New  York,  and  they 
have  2  living  children.  Mr.  F.  has  been  Overseer  of  Highways, 
Scliool  Trustee,  and  is  now  President  of  the  Town  Board  of  New 
Salem.  Mrs.  F.  is  a  Methodist.  When  he  commenced  in  life  for 
himself  Mr.  Fisk  was  in  very  limited  circumstances,  but  he  now 
has  SO  acres  of  nice  land.  On  his  arrival  here  his  nearest  neigh- 
bors were  Amos  Blood,  A.  P.  Sharpe  and  Thos.  Bates. 

Willlain,  II.  Fish,  physiciai:;  P.  O.,  Baylis;  was  born  in  Mil- 
bury,  Mass.,  in  1S4S.  His  parents,  Robert  and  Susan  Fish,  were 
natives  of  England,  and  came  to  America  in  1842,  and  located  in 
Milbury,  and  then  emigrated  to  Iladley,  this  county,  in  1854, 
where  our  subject  was  raised  and  educated,  and  also  taught  com- 
mon school.  He  graduated  at  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons in  Keokuk,  Iowa,  Feb.  14,  1878;  had  commenced  practice  at 
Benville,  Brown  county,  in  1873.  After  remaining  there  2  years, 
he  came  to  this  place,  whei-e  he  has  since  remained.  Dr.  F.  is  a 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  has  a  good,  growing  practice. 

James  M.  Furry  was  born  in  Highland  county,  O.,  in  1828; 
his  father,  Christopher  Furry,  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
his  mother,  Mary  {nee  Edward),  was  of  Irish  descent,  and  born  in 
Ohio.  Mr.  Furry  spent  8  or  9  years  in  Ross  count}',  and  in  1849 
he  married  Elizabeth  Ann  Patton,  born  in  Kentucky  in  1828. 
They  have  had  11  children.  Our  subject  came  to  this  county  in 
1856,  and  is  now  a  merchant.  He  deals  in  dry-goods,  groceries, 
hats  and  caps,  boots  and  shoes,  crockery,  etc.  He  was  Justice  of 
the  Peace  in  Ohio,  and  Supervisor  in  Pittsfield.  His  oldest  child 
died  at  the  age  of  5  years,  and  more  recently  his  second  son  died, 
aged  28,  who  was  traveling  salesman  for  a  St.  Louis  firm.  Resi- 
dence, New  Salem. 

J.  P.  Gibbons,  son  of  Lile  and  Mary  Gibbons,  natives  of  Ohio, 

was  born  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio,  in  1847;  at  the  age  of  18  years 

lie  came  to  this  county,  and  in  1871  married  Catharine  Ewing,  a 

native  of  Wayne  county,  Ohio,  born  in  1847;  and  their  3  children 
37 


638  HISTOKY    OF    PIKK  CoCNTY. 

are,  M.  II.  Ct.,  Mettie  C.  an<l  Josoj)!!  O.  Mrs.  Cj.  is  a  Presby- 
terian. .Mr.  Ct.  hiis  heen  a  tanner  all  iiis  life;  owns  92  acres  of 
^oo<l  land,  an<l  resitles  on  sec.  9.     P.  ().,  New  Salem. 

John  Gray,  farmer  and  hlackcmitli,  sec.  5;  P.  O.,  New  Salem; 
was  horn  in  Harrison  county,  Ohio,  in  1S14;  his  ])arcnt8,  Thomas 
(a  native  (tf  Vermont)  and  Hannah,  c«me  to  Ohio  in  a  very  early 
day.  At  tlie  a;;e  of  17  our  snlject  went  to  Clermont  county,  O., 
and  came  to  this  county  in  1838,  and  has  lived  here  ever  since. 
In  1840  lie  was  married  to  Nanev  Bradhurv,  a  native  of  Clermont 
county,  Ohio,  aii<l  had  5  children  lie  atterward  marritd  Mrs. 
Stii;;  I'arnard,  and  thev  had  '1  children.  Mr.  (i.  has  held  the  olHce 
of  Commissioner  «)f  Highways  for  the  last  H  years.  He  owns  80 
acres  of  land  near  New  Salem. 

Frtderi'k  /lilbducr,  farmer,  sec  33;  i'.  O  ,  NewSaU'in;  was 
horn  in  l^*24,  in  Saxony,  (icrmatiy;  liis  paretJts  were  Partaloms 
and  Ilosena  llalhauer.  Fre<lerick  came  to  Aniericn  and  locjited  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa,,  in  1S4S;  then  li%'eil  Tyearsin  Turlington  county, 
same  State,  and  came  to  this  cotmty  in  lS5rt.  The  same  year  he 
married  Mis.*!  It4>sena  En«»s,  who  was  Ixirn  in  1S31  in  I^ivaria.  and 
thev  have  had  s  children,  one  of  whom  is  dead.  Mr.  H.  owns  '.♦0 
acres  of  giM»d  land,  well  improve<i. 

J}r.  I/.  Ilatrh  is  a  promijient  physician  \\\  New  Salem. 

John  Hooper,  farmer,  see.  27;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  son  of  John 
and  Hannah  Cooper,  natives  of  New  Jersey;  was  horn  in  Cler- 
mont county,  Ohio,  in  1823.  At  the  age  of  12  he  came  with  his 
brother  Thomas  to  this  State,  and  lived  2  years  in  Coles  county; 
came  to  Pike  ciunity  in  1S37,  where  he  has  since  residcfl.  In  ls44 
he  uKirried  Mary  Ann  Shinn,  who  was  born  in  Indiana  in  1825, 
and  came  to  this  countv  in  1835;  ihey  had  11  children,  7  of  whom 
are  living, —  Hannah,  Peter  F.,  J.  C.,  Asa,  Newton  N.,  Louisa 
and  Minnie  M.  Mr.  H.  own.'^  2oo  acres  of  land,  all  acrjuired  by  hi.s 
own  industry;  he  has  held  the  <'llice  of  Soho«>l  Trunlee  for  the  last 
20  years;  been  School  I)irector  sevenil  terms;  has  lived  on  his 
present  farm  24  years,  and  is  well  known  throiighout  this  and 
adjoining  townships  as  an  efticient  scho<^il  officer.  -Mr.  and  Mrs.  II. 
arc  Metliodists.      Mr.  Hooper  is  also  a  Free  Mason. 

W'lUuna  R.  Hooper^  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was 
born  in  Clermont  connty,  Ohio,  in  1">42.  His  father,  Peter 
Hooper,  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  and  his  mother,  Lida  llooper, 
a  native  of  Kentucky.  lie  came  to  this  county  in  1>4><,  locatin<;in 
Griggsyille  tp.,  then  lived  in  Champaign  county,  this  State,  18 
months;  in  1?^60  he  married  Miss  L.  B.  Dillon,  who  was  born  in 
1844  in  Clermont  county,  Ohio,  and  they  have  had  2  children,  a 
boy  and  a  girl.  He  enlisted  in  the  army  in  1802,  in  Co.  K,  99th 
Reg.  He  was  in  several  battles,  and  was  discharged  in  \sCtb\  since 
that  time  he  has  followed  farming,  and  owns  154  acres  of  land. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  II.  are  members  of  the  Universalist  Church  of  New 
Salem. 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  639 

Alomo  Huhhard,  tanner,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  New  Salem;  was  born 
in  Portsmouth,  Rockingham  county,  N,  H.,  in  1816.  His  father, 
Joshua  Hul)bard,  was  a  native  of  Maine,  and  his  mother,  Eliza  II. 
C.  Hubbard,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  He  had  good  educational 
advantages,  having  attended  the  Academy  at  Portsmouth,  and  also 
at  Lowell,  Mass.  In  1S37  he  came  to  Mason  county,  Kentucky, 
followed  farminix  and  tobacco  raising,  then  took  a  trip  to  ]S'ew 
Orleans,  thence  to  this  county;  after  remaining  one  year  he  re- 
turned to  Kentucky  to  settle  business  there,  then  came  back  and 
settled  permanently  in  this  tp.  March  20,  1S45,  he  married  Char- 
lotte Brown,  who  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1S25.  and  came  to  America 
when  8  years  old.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hubbard  have  6  children,  namely, 
Henry,  William,  Amos,  Eliza  H.  C,  Louise  F.  and  Hilton.  Two  of 
the  sons  were  in  the  army;  Henry  belonged  to  Co.  K,  99th  111. 
Vol.,  was  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea.  William  belonged 
to  Co.  I,  18th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hubbard  are  members 
of  the  Uiiiversalist  Church,  at  New  Salem. 

Elijah  Jeffers^  retired  farmer,  was  born  in  Clermont  county,  O., 
Jan.  1,  1803;  he  is  the  son  of  William  and  Sarah  (Rollins)  Jeflers, 
the  former  a  native  of  England,  and  the  latter  of  Ireland.  Our 
subject  was  reared  upon  a  farm,  and  has  successfully  followed 
agricultural  pursuits  thus  far  through  life.  He  came  to  this  county 
Oct.  17,  1837;  hence  is  one  of  the  oldest  pioneers  who  have  helped 
to  convert  the  native  wilds  of  this  county  into  fruitful  fields.  He 
had  but  a  limited  education  and  possessed  only  8300  when  he  came 
to  the  county.  His  first  purchase  was  80  acres  of  wild  land,  which, 
he  improved  and  to  which  he  added  from  time  to  time,  until  one 
time  he  owned  between  500  and  600  acres,  most  of  which  he  has 
divided  among  his  children.  He  has  held  local  township  offices 
and  been  class- leader  in  the  M.  E.  Church  over  20  years,  of  which 
Church  he  has  been  an  active  and  prominent  member  for  53  years, 
as  also  has  his  wife.  In  1826  or  1827,  in  Ohio,  he  was  married  to 
Hannah  Pine,  daughter  of  William  and  Hannah  Pine,  natives  of 
England  and  New  Jersey,  respectively.  Of  this  union  11  children 
have  been  born,  10  of  whom  are  living  :  John  C,  William  P., 
Mary  A.,  Samuel,  Isaac  E.,  Rachel,  James,  Lucinda,  Francis  L. 
and  Martha  F.     AVe  give  Mr.  Jeffers'  portrait. 

George  Johnston^  blacksmith  and  wagon-maker ;  P.  O.,  New 
Salem;  was  born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Penn.,  Dec.  4,  1834.  His 
father,  Robert  Johnston,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  his  mother, 
Nancy  Johnston,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania;  when  2  years  old  he 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Harrison  county,  Ohio,  where  he  was 
raised.  In  1857  he  came  to  Brown  county,  this  State,  where  he 
followed  blacksmithing,  and  in  1858  came  to  Pike  county.  In 
1859  he  married  Sarah  A.  Reed,  who  was  born  in  Brown  county, 
this  State,  Feb.  12,  1S3G,  and  they  have  had  6  children.  Mr.  J. 
has  followed  blacksmithino'  22  vears.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Masonic  order. 


U40  HI8TOKY    <>K    IMKK    I'Ol'NTY. 

Nitthfin  Kim/inn^  fiiriner,  sec.  85;  I'.  ( )..  rittstield;  is  a  son  of 
I>evi  iuul  SiisHtirmli  Kinman.  natives  of  North  Carolina  ;  lie  was 
Uroui^lit  to  tliis  coiinty  with  his  jiarents  in  1S31.  In  I s4 3  he  was 
unitotl  in  marriage  with  Kli/.a  Cadwell;  shtr  was  liorn  in  the  Stat^'  of 
Kentucky  in  1S21,  anil  died  in  1868.  To  them  were  born  9  chil- 
dren, 7  of  wlioin  are  livin<,'  :  Riihert  II.,  Jo>ej)h  M.,  William  F., 
John(\,  Lewis  K.,  .Mary  ('.,  Nathan  J.,  (-harles  \.  and  Arthur  L. 
After  the  deniit^e  of  hie  former  wite  he  wiis  married  to  Kliza  J. 
Conkri^ht,  who  was  Iwrn  in  the  State  of  Ohio  in  1839.  Mr.  K.  h>i6 
held  the  ottiee  of  County  Commissioner,  and  is  a  member  of  tho 
liaptist  Clmrch. 

J'tiiuH  F.  Ltmmon,  painter  and  oariH-Miter;  1'.  ().,  Bay  lis;  was 
born  in  Adanis  o>unty,  III.,  in  185u.  Iiis  jtarents  were  Wm.  and 
Cornelia  Lemmon,  the  former  a  native  of  Indiana  and  the  latter  of 
North  Carolina.  .\t  the  a^re  of  \'\  he  left  his  jiarents,  and  at  1»J 
he  be^an  t«»  learn  the  carpenter's  trade;  at  17  he  went  into  the 
IT.  S.  army  and  serve<l  three  years  and  two  hours.  At  first  he 
was  in  Co.  I),  :i7th  Ue*;;  then  he  was  in  Co.  C,  5tli  U.S.  Inf.  In 
\^ll  ho  wa-s  marriiMl  to  .\merica  I'\»x  in  I\an^as  (^ity,  Mo.,  who 
wji-s  iKjrn  in  1S4<»  in  Chariton,  .M«».,  atul  they  have  had  2  ehildren, 
one  of  which  has  diet!.  Since  his  return  fn»m  the  army  he  has  been 
en-jaije*!  in  jiaintinj^  of  all  kinds.  lie  is  now  Constable  in  New 
Salem  tp.      Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  are  Methodist*. 

,/<)/in  Mc('<irt'r,  farmer,  sec.  2<>;  1*.  ().,  New  Salem;  wa-^  l>orn  in 

l*hilailel|diia,  iVnn.,  in    1833.      His  parents,  James  and   Marpirel 

.Me(/arter,  were  natives  of   Ireland,  and  came  to  this  country  in 

ls:V_'.  locatinj^  where  our  subject  was  born  ;  then  came  to  Illinois, 

settling;  in  .Vdams  county;  in  ls37  they  came  to  this  county,  where 

.lohn  ^rew  to  njatduKKl,  receiving;  a  common-scluxjl  tducation.      In 

1870  he   married   Eliza  M.  Little,  who  was  born  in  Tyrone  coutity, 

Ireland,  in  1S41,  and   came  with  her  j»arenth  to   Ainericji  in    185*8. 

Tluy  hail  3  chiMren,  namely,   Kmma,  .lohn  William   and  Maud  L. 

Mr.  McC.  followed  car|)enterin«f  15  years,  but  is  now  a  farmer  and 

own>  :l^0  acres  of  land,  well    improveil';  he   makes  a  8[»eeialty  of 

raisini;  slu»rt-horned  cattle;  also  raises   large  crops  of  wheat.       .Mr. 

and  N^rs.  McC.  are  Presbyterians. 

Archibalil  B.  y[<- Donald ,  farmer,  sec.  4;  P.  ().,  Haylis;  was  born 
in  Sumner  county,  Tenn.,  in  1*^14.  His  lather,  A.  li.  Mcl>onald, 
was  born  in  Scotland,  and  his  mother,  Elizabeth  McDonahl,  was 
born  in  North  Carolina.  He  came  to  this  State  in  1832  and  I<»aited 
in  Morj^n  county,  and  moved  to  this  coU!ity  irj  thes|)ring  of  |s4^). 
May  10,  1841,  he  marricl  Khuda  E.  Askew,  who  was  born  in  (rreen 
count}',  Ky.,  in  1824,  and  they  have  had  12  children,  6  of  whom 
are  living.  Mrs.  McDonald  dietl  in  1875,  and  in  1878  Mr.  Mc- 
Donald married  Mrs.  Sarah  J.  Hull,  a  mother  of  4  children;  .^he 
was  born  in  182.')  in  Wa.-^hington  county,  Ky.,  and  is  a  meml>er  of 
the  United  Brethren  Church. 

Jvhn  D.  Jfc/ufire  was  born  in  Chester  county.  Pa.,  in  L819,  son 
of  Rol»ert  and  Eli7.al)eth  Mclntire,  the  former  a  native  of  Ireland. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  641 

Our  subject  grew  to  manliood  in  his  native  State,  and  in  1849 
moved  to  Oliio;  two  years  later  he  came  to  Illinois,  locating  in  La- 
Salle  county,  where  he  remained  13  years,  and  in  1S64  came  to  this 
county.  lie  first  learned  the  tailor's  trade,  which  business  he  fol- 
lowed for  13  years,  and  then  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  and 
now  owns  122  acres  of  land  on  sec.  G,  this  tp.  lie  has  held  the 
offices  of  Collector,  School  Director,  etc.  He  was  married  in  1846 
to  Miss  Adeline  Ilutton,  a  native  of  Lancaster  county.  Pa.,  and 
daughter  of  Benjamin  and  Susan  Ilutton.  Eight  of  their  11  chil- 
dren are  living,  namely:  Anna  L.  (now  ]V[rs.  Jeffers),  Clara,  Nettie, 
Jesse,  Herbert  J.,  Frank  N.,  ]\Ierritt  L.  and  Nora  E. 

David  3filler,i'-cirmer,  sec.  19;  P.O.,  Baylis;  son  of  Thomas  and 
Nancy  Miller,  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  was  born  in  this  county  in 
1839.  In  1863  he  married  Elizabeth  Carnes,  born  in  1846,  and 
they  have  2  children  living, — Mary  A.  and  Francis.  Mr.  M.  owns 
69  acres  of  good  land.  He  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and 
has  license  to  preach.  Mrs.  M.  is  a  member  of  the  United  Breth- 
ren Church. 

Illrain  Moore  was  born  in  this  count}'  in  1845,  the  son  of  John 
and  Sarah  Moore,  natives  of  Marj-land,  who  came  to  tiiis  county  40 
years  ago;  the  former  died  in  this  tp.,  in  1876,  the  latter  is  still 
livinjj  with  her  children.  Our  subject  married  Miss  Mary  Dunham 
ini865;  she  is  a  native  of  this  county  and  was  born  in  1849;  their 
children  are  Cora,  Laura,  Minnie,  George  E.,  Amos  PI  and  Freddie. 
Mr.  M.  was  reared  upon  a  farm,  and  for  the  last  14  years  has  been 
engacred  in  farming  for  himself  AVhen  he  first  began  in  life  he 
had  only  $100,  but  by  close  application  and  business  tact  he  has  ac- 
cumulated considerable  property.  He  and  his  wife  are  members 
of  the  United  Brethren  Church. 

James  Morgan^  harness-maker,  New  Salem;  is  a  native  of 
England,  and  born  in  1826;  his  parents  were  James  and  Letitia 
Mortjan,  also  natives  of  Enijland.     He  came  to  America  with  his 

{)arents  when  he  was  14  years  old  and  settled  in  Illinois.  In  1866 
16  married  Mary  Ann  Young,  who  was  born  in  Illinois  in  1835, 
and  they  have  one  living  child.  He  has  worked  at  his  present  em- 
ployment for  35  years,  and  thoroughly  understands  his  business. 

Af<ldon  Pilling,  son  of  Samuel  O.  and  Mary  Pilling,  was  born  in 
England  in  1803.  In  early  life  he  followed  hand-weaving,  and 
worked  in  the  manufactory  until  he  came  to  this  country,  which  was 
in  1842.  He  landed  in  New  York,  then  went  to  Rhode  Island  and 
remained  4  years,  then  came  to  Adams  county,  this  State;  thence 
in  1874  to  this  county.  In  1"825  he  married  Nancy  Wild,  who  was 
born  in  England  in  1809;  they  have  4  living  children, — John,  Mary, 
Jane  and  Cordelia.  Mrs.  Pilling  died  in  1854,  and  the  same  year 
Mr.  P.  married  Sarah  Bhike,  who  was  born  in  18(>7,  in  Rhode 
Island;  she  is  a  member  of  the  J\I.  E.  Church.  During  the  past 
6  years  Mr.  P.  has  lived  a  retired  life.     P.  O.,  Baylis. 

David  F.  Pine,  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.O.,  Baylis;  was  born  in  this 
county  in  1850.     His  father,  William,  was  a  native  of  New  York, 


642  HISTORY    OF    IMKK    COUNTY. 

and  his  mother,  Nancy,  u  native  of  Vennoiit.  In  1871  he  mar- 
ried Alary  F.  Mi'KiiiiK'y,  who  was  horn  in  thin  county  in  1S53. 
They  have  had  4  children ;  only  1  is  livin<^,  —  Frederick.  Mr.  P. 
lias  followed  farnjiii;'  durin;;  his  entire  life,  ownin;'  40  acres  of 
good  land.  His  father  laid  out  the  town  of  Bay  lis.  Mrs.  Pine  is 
a  member  of  tin"  M.  E.  Church. 

John  ]r.  Pin<\  a  brother  of  the  preceding,  is  a  farmer  and  re- 
sides on  sec.  6,  owning  105  acres  id  \vell-imi>roved  land,  lie  came 
to  Pike  county  with  his  parents  in  1838,  ami  in  1S54  lie  married 
Mary  McCleeny,  who  was  horn  in  Pennsylvania,  in  1835,  and 
they  have  S  living  children,  Lucinda,  (reorgc  M.,  Sarah  K.,  Jen- 
nie, Fucctta,  Mary  F.,  Fncv  and  Irt'iK-.  Mr.  P.  ha.-  always  hccii  a 
farmtr.     P.  ().,  Jiaylis. 

John  G.  Reynolds  is  a  promising  young  man  of  23  or  24  years 
of  age,  and  is  a  teacher  of  vocal  muhic,  hut  nt»w  propost's  to  become 
a  tlorift  and  fruit-grower;  has  studied  VI  years,  and  lias  been  in- 
structed l»y  F.  K.  Plm-nix,  of  Iiloomiiigt*»n,  and  J.  li.  Hull,  of 
Hancock  ciiunty;  has  visited  the  l>c*t  florists  «»f  tiie  State  and  of  St. 
Fouis,  M«t.  He  has  a  nice  hot-house  well  filled  with  tlowers  and 
bulbs.  One  of  hih  llower  stands  brought  $*<(]  at  the  temperance 
supi>er  in  Valley  City,  Dec.  i),  1S71». 

li.  I).  Ii> ynttlih  wa*  born  in  P»>tetourt  county,  Virginia,  in  1817. 
His  parent.s,  Thomas  and  Priscilla  Reynt)lds,  were  also  natives  of 
Virginia.  In  1^^3S  he  married  Delilah  Slade,  who  was  born  in 
I/C.xington,  Ky.,  in  1H1.'»,  and  they  have  had  8  children. — .lames  T., 
Cynthia  .M.,  Sarah  F.,  Pell,  .John  (».  and  Annie  A.  Mr.  lieynolds 
caiue  from  Ohio  to  this  county  in  1851  and  locHte<l  on  sec.  16, 
tliis  tp.,  where  ho  has  resided  ever  since,  fcdlowing  ]»rick -masonry 
and  farming;  he  owns  82  acres  of  land.  He  has  held  the  oflices  of 
School  Director  and  Road  Overseer.  He  and  his  wifeare  memlnirs 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.      He  is  also  a  Freemason.     P.  O.,  New  Salem. 

Emtst  S'lymffieck  was  born  in  Prussia  in  1^34.  His  ])arent8, 
Frank  ami  Sophia  Sannebeck,  were  natives  of  Prusbia.  Our  sub- 
ject aime  tt»  this  country  and  located  in  Paltimore,  Md.  While 
there  he  followed  butchering;  in  1856  he  came  to  Louisville,  Ky. 
Ue  served  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  A,  1st  Peg.  K.  V.  He  was  in 
Indiana  4  years,  then  in  St.  Louis,  and  in  1^77  came  t<j  this  jilace. 
In  iNtiy  he  married  .Miss  M.  Polender,  who  was  born  in  Hes-^e  in 
1845.  Mr.  S.  carries  on  a  butcher  shop  in  Paylis,  and  also 
keeps  the  Pinerille  Hotel. 

jlelnhart  Sann^heck,  brother  of  the  preceding,  was  lx>rn  in 
Prussia  in  1^2>  ;  he  came  to  America'in  1^54  and  located  at  Bal- 
timore. In  1S5S  he  went  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  in  1859  and  '60, 
was  in  Te.xas.  In  1861  he  went  back  to  Louisville,  and  in  1873 
went  to  Chicago,  111.;  in  1877  he  moved  to  I>arrv,  this  county, 
thence  to  Baylis,  where  he  is  engsiged  in  butchering;  is  also  inter- 
ested in  the  Pineville  Hotel;  he  served  3  years  in  the  Prussian 
army.  In  1860  he  married  Catharine  Bolender,  who  was  born  in 
1834  in  Germany.     Thev  have  3  children, — Frank,  19  years  old. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  G43 

Henry,  15  years  old,  and  Conrad,  aged  13  years, — all  born  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky. 

W.  H.Seahoni,  tarnier,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Baylis;  son  of  liobert 
and  Mary  A.  Seaborn,  was  born  in  this  county  in  1845.  We  en- 
tered the  U.  S.  service  in  Co.  B,  68th  Keg.  111.  Inf.;  served  3 
months  guarding  jiosts;  was  mustered  out;  again  enlisted  as  a 
teamster  in  the  AVest;  served  1  year,  then  returned  home  and  en- 
gaged^n  buying  and  shipping  stock.  In  1872  he  married  Sallie 
Keed,  who  was  born  in  1849.  Thev  have  had  2  children:  one  is 
dead,  and  they  have  adopted  a  child.  Mr.  S.  now  follows  farming, 
owning  130  acres  of  land. 

Henry  Shajfacr  was  born  in  Hiirhland  county,  Ohio,  in  1826, 
and  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  Elizabeth  Shaffner,  natives  of  Dauphin 
county,  Penn.  At  the  age  of  16  he  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ed- 
gar county,  111.;  in  1844  moved  to  Brown  county,  and  in  1851  he 
came  to  this  county,  at  first  locating  one  mile  south  of  Salem,  but 
in  1870  he  settled  on  sec.  14,  where  he  now  resides.  He  used  to  be 
a  cooper,  but  is  now  a  farmer,  owning  84  acres  of  land.  In  1850 
he  married  Martha  Dunham,  who  was  born  in  1832  in  Harrison 
county,  Ohio.  Their  children  are  Mary  J.,  John  W.,  Louis,  Sarah 
A.  and  Eliza.  The  first  2  are  dead.  United  Brethren.  P.  O.,  New 
Salem. 

W.  O.  Shaffner  was  born  in  1848  in  Brown  county.  111.,  and  is 
a  son  of  John  and  Susannah  Shaffner,  father  a  native  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, mother  of  Ohio.  His  father  died  in  1874,  a  worthy  member 
of  the  U.  B.  Church,  and  a  good  citizen  every  way.  W.  O.  still 
lives  with  his  mother;  up  to  1868  he  followed  farming,  and  then  he 
learned  the  wagon-maker's  trade  under  C.  C.  Shntfner;  for  the  last 
5  vears  has  conducted  the  business  for  himself  in  New  Salem. 

John  Sigsworth  was  born  in  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  Jan.  26,  1825;  his 
parents,  Joseph  and  Ann,  were  both  natives  of  England,  and  emi- 
grated to  America  in  1830,  settling  in  Ohio,  and  in  1836  settled 
in  this  county.  At  the  age  of  25  John  went  to  California  where 
he  followed  herding  cattle  and  farming;  returned  to  this  county  in 
1853;  in  1854  went  to  California  again,  but  since  1858  has  followed 
shipping  stock  and  farming  in  this  county.  In  1846  he  married 
Sarah  M.  Brawley,  who  was  born  in  1826  in  Ohio.  Children, — 
Dennis  B.,  Lida  A.,  Mary  E.,  Elizabeth  J.,  Alice  A.,  John  A., 
deceased,  and  Joseph  W.  Mr.  S.  has  been  Assessor,  Collector  and 
School  Director.     P.  O.,  New  Salem. 

David  Siarkey  is  a  native  of  Pike  county,  a  son  of  Jonathan  and 
Jane  Starkey,  natives  of  Virginia.  He  was  born  in  1854,  and  has 
lived  here  all  his  life;  is  now  on  sec.  9,  and  owns  120  acres  of  nice 
land.  He  has  never  been  as  far  as  75  miles  from  home  but  3 
times  in  his  life.  In  1876  he  married  Annie  Gray  and  they  had 
one  child,  who  is  not  now  living. 

Henry  A.  Starkey  was  born  in  1849  in  Huron  county,  Ohio; 
liis  parents,  James  and  Elizabeth,  were  born  in  Wheeling,  Vir- 
ginia; in  1874  lie  emigrated  to  Missouri  and  married  Annie  Stod- 


644  HISTORY    OF    riKE  COUNTY. 

gress,  Dec.  20  of  that  year;  slie  was  a  native  of  Ohio.  In  l>77 
thej  emigrated  to  tliis  county  and  now  reside  on  sec.  4;  P.  <).,  New 
Salenj.  Jantes  Anderson  is  their  only  child.  Mrs.  S.  is  anuMiiber 
of  the  Christian  Church. 

Jonath'in  Sturkey,  fjinnerand  stock-dealer,  sec.  4.  I*.  ().,  New 
Salem,  and  whose  i>ortrait  ai»j»ears  in  this  volume,  was  Ixirn  in 
Culjtt'pper  county,  \  a.,  in  1813.  liis  parents  were  John  and  Mary 
((^rove^)  Starki'v,  also  natives  of  the  Old  Don.inion;  tlR'\»  emi- 
grated to  Ohio  when  our  suhject  was  7  years  of  age,  where  he 
reumined  until  he  was  23  years  of  age.  when  he  came  to  Pike 
County,  locating  in  New  Salem  tp.,  being  one  of  the  early  pilgrims 
t«>  this  h^cnlity,  aiui  where  he  has  sittce  remained.  When  he  first 
came  he  had  hut  $40  in  money,  hut  through  the  kimlnens  of  a 
friend,  from  whouj  he  borrowed  $.'iO,  he  was  enabled  to  purchase 
50  acres  of  land,  which  lie  did  on  sec.  9.  Uj>on  this  land,  which 
was  then  in  its  native  condition,  lie  erecte«l  a  log  cabin  14  h\  ir> 
feet  in  size,  in  which  he  livetl  for  5  years.  Heing  a  nuin  of  great 
energy,  industri<»us,  and  of  economical  habit'',  he  was  eiuibled  to 
add  to  his  small  means,  until  he  has  become  one  of  the  most 
extensive  farmers  and  stock  dcjilers  iti  Pike  county,  owning  at  one 
time  over  1,2<M)  acres  of  tine  farming  land,  an<l  feedin;;  from  100 
to  150  head  of  cattle,  and  from  ijou  to  3oO  head  of  hogt«  annually, 
besides  a  large  number  of  horses  and  eheep.  lie  has  ]>rovided 
liberally  for  his  children,  giving  them  nice  farms,  until  now  he  has 
only  a  little  over  'JOO  acre>  left  in  the  home  farm,  which  is  on  sec. 
4,  an<l  one  of  the  finest  farms  in  the  county.  .Mr.  Starkey  has  been 
a  hard-working  man,  and  iuis  done  as  much  |>erhaps  as  any  one 
num  in  developing  the  wonderful  resources  of  this  fair  county. 
Alth»»ugl>  a  memln-r  of  no  church,  he  has  never  lx*en  behind  any  of 
his  most  enterprising  neighlKirs  in  favoring  any  an<l  all  enterprises 
which  he  has  lK.'en  called  upon  to  help  push  forward,  having  jiaid 
considerable  to  help  erect  school-houses  and  churches,  and  to  pay 
the  mini>try.  In  fact,  Mr.  S.  is  one  of  Pike  county's  old,  useful 
and  honored  citizens,  and  as  such  we  ]»resent  to  our  readers  his 
portrait. 

Mr.  Starkey  has  1)een  twice  married, — the  first  time  in  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1S34,  to  Jane  L.  Laughtery,  who  wa.«  Ixirn  in  the  Key- 
stone State  in  1*>1.'>.  She  die«l  Sept.  28,  1876.  To  them  were  born 
9  children,  of  whom  S  are  living:  Charles,  liachel,  James,  Nich- 
olas, William,  Mary,  Maria  and  David.  John  was  the  name  of  the 
deceased.  July  So.  J879,  Mr.  S.  was  again  married,  this  time  to 
Sarah,  daughter  of  Thomas  J.  and  Margaret  Carotliers. 

WiU't(nn  Starkey,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  llaylis;  wa.s  born  in 
tins  county  in  184»),  the  6<:»n  of  Jonathan  and  Jane  Starkey,  spoken 
of  above.  In  1873  he  married  Emeline  Seybold,  who  was  born  in 
this  county  in  1850.  Their  children  are  (>live,  Cora  and  Harry. 
Mr.  S.  is  a  ]>rominent  farmer,  owning  215  acres  of  nice  land.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  and  liberal  in  all  public 
enterprises. 


A 


X 


?t 


^/^\A 


NEW  SALEM    T' 


y 


HISTUKY    OK    I'IKE    COUNTY.  647 

William  JjT.  Stauf-W  was,  born  in  tliirs  county,  Jan.  23,1847. 
Ilis  parents  were  Jolm  and  Sarali  Stauffer,  tlie  lo)Mner  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  the  latter  of  Yir<ijinia;  his  father  came  to  this 
State  in  1S36,  and  settled  in  Fairmount  tp.,  where  he  still  resides. 
Our  subject  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  follows  that  occupation.  In 
1871  he  was  married  to  Rachel  E.  Wood,  who  was  born  in  1851  in 
this  county.  They  have  2  children, — George  E.  and  Nelia  A. 
Mr.  S.  owns  80  acres  of  well-improved  land,  with  good  buildings. 
P.  O.  Paylis.     Residence,  ?ec.  8. 

Jiev.  T.  II.  Tahor  was  born  in  Rutland  county,  Vermont,  in 
1824.  His  parents  were  Arden  and  Phceljc  Tabor,  and  moved  to 
xSew  York  when  our  subject  was  9  years  of  age.  Mr.  Tabor 
studied  for  the  ministry,  and  by  his  own  effort  accomplished  his 
work.  In  1843  lie  married  Eliza  Leonard,  who  was  born  in  1824 
in  Hampshire  county,  Mass.,  and  died  in  June,  1850,  leaving  2 
children.  In  1856  he  married  Miss  B.  A.  Morris,  who  was  born 
in  1831  in  Steuben  county,  JS'.  Y.  His  2  sons  are  also  ministers, 
preaching  the  Universalist  doctrine.  Mr.  Tabor's  first  work  was 
in  South  Dansville,  New  York;  thence  in  Oct.,  1854,  to  Earlville, 
LaSalie  county,  this  State  ;  next  to  Woodstock  in  1856,  then 
Briggsville,  AVisconsin,  in  1857;  then  went  to  Markesan,  Wiscon- 
sin, remaining  6  j'ears;  next,  in  1864,  to  Blue  Island,  and  remained 
there  until  September,  1867.  He  there  erected  a  church.  In  1867  he 
went  to  Macomb  and  remained  until  the  spring  of  1872,  then  to 
Kirkwood,  till  1874,  next  to  Yates  City,  then  for  2  years  divided 
liis  time  between  Bradford  and  LaFayette,  and  occasionally  visited 
New  Salem;  then  in  the  fall  of  1876  went  to  Bloomfield,  Iowa,  re- 
maining one  year  ;  then  came  back  to  Monmouth  and  remained 
until  March,  1879,  then  came  to  New  Salem,  where  he  added  27 
members  to  the  society.  He  lias  been  an  ardent  worker  in  the 
Master's  cause.     Residence,  New  Salem. 

Capt.  Isaac  H.  Walling,  son  of  Isaac  and  Mary  H.  Walling,  natives 
of  New  Jersey,  was  born  in  1836  on  sea,  off  Cape  Ilatteras,  on  his 
father's  sliip  "  Chingaoria;"at  the  age  of  12  years  he  went  to  sea  as 
cabin-boy,  then  as  able  seaman  2  years,  then  as  mate  for  4  or  5 
years.  In  1855  or  1856  he  shipped  on  schooner  "Kenosha"  in 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  to  run  from  there  to  Chicago;  served  1  year,  then 
went  back  to  New  York  and  shipped  on  a  cruise  to  Liverpool,  Isle 
of  Man,  and  to  Sligo,  then  back  to  New  York;  then  shipped  on 
schooner  ''T.  A.  Ward,"  Capt.  Iloff,  commander,  and  went  to 
Cadiz,  Malaga,  Salona,  Genoa,  Barbary  States,  Rio  Janeiro,  S.  A., 
and  back  to  Jjaltiniore;  then  shipped  on  a  wreckii.g  vessel,  where 
a.  fortunate  circumstance  occurred  to  our  subject,  but  fatal  to  a 
cousin  of  his  named  Bainbridge.  He  exchanged  places  with  him 
to  accommodate  him,  so  that  he  might  go  to  ])oi't  and  purchase 
supplies;  while  on  the  way  the  ship  and  all  its  crew  were  hjst.  He_ 
was  first  at  the  wreck  of  the  '*  New  Era  "  and  "  Powhattan,"  the 
latter  of  which,  laden  with  human  freight,  sunk  in  sight,  and  all  on 


04S  HI.^ToKY    <iF    J'lKK    COUNTY. 

board  j)erishe«J.  At'tiT  this  Ciipt.  W.  took  many  voya<^es;  was 
pliijjwrt'c'kotl  several  times;  was  taken  j>ris(iiier  at  Charleston,  S.  C, 
l»y  a  man-of-war,  (iwriu;^  the  Rehellion  when  he  was  at  sea.  On  the 
ht'hooncr  "  Harriet  llarker,"  wliioh  was  i>wned  by  our  subject,  he 
was  cast  away  35  miles  north  of  Cape  Ilatteras,  where  lio  lay  three 
(lays  and  nijjhts  in  the  water  without  anythini;  to  eat  or  drink,  but 
at  lasit  landed  safely.  At  ani»ther  time  he  escapeil  a  watery 
^rave  by  not  lakini;  a  schooner  when  ;;oir>g  to  rescue  another  vessel, 
as  it  was  taken  by  another  party  and  was  lost  with  all  on  board. 
Then  went  to  launch  a  brij.^  "  Kedstow,''  50  miles  south  of  Ca]>e 
Henry.  In  ls7»;  he  was  ajjain  wrecked  near  Cape  Charles,  at  tlte 
mouth  of  Chesajteake  Hay.  Thi.H  was  his  last  trij)  at  sea.  l>v  the 
persiuision  (»f  his  family,  antl  being  tired  of  sea  life,  he  came  West 
and  located  at  liaylis,  where  he  embarked  in  the  ujercantile  trade, 
in  which  the  wrecks  are  not  so  daniferous  t«»  life. 

John  W/tite,  farmer,  sec.  IJl;  1*.  O.  New  Salem;  was  born  in 
Ireland  in  1809.  His  parents,  John  and  Margaret  White,  were 
also  luitives  of  Ir»'land.  He  came  to  America  at  the  a«;e  of  22  and 
located  at  riiiladelphia,  where  he  remained  ♦'•  years,  atKl  mo^t  of  the 
time  followed  wcavinj;;  then  came  to  Quincy,  this  State,  and  fol- 
lowed teaming;  came  to  this  county  in  18.J9  and  located  at  New 
Philadelphia,  then  l>«»ught  land  where  he  is  at  present  living.  In 
ls45  he  married  Margaret  White,  who  was  born  in  Scotland,  and 
they  had  ot\e  child,  now  deaii.  Mrs.  W".  died  in  184«I,  and  in  1^50 
he  married  Mary  K.  ('unningham,  who  was  l)orn  in  1834  in  Ire- 
land, and  came  to  America  in  1850.  Their  children  arc:  William, 
Margaret,  Anna  H..  Mary  J.,  Joseph,  Itobert,  Ktnmet,  Emily  ahd 
Frank.  The  deceased  are  Thomas  J.  aiul  ajj  itifant.  Mr.  \V.  owns 
«!40  acres  of  land  at  the  home  place  an<l  8"  acres  in  Pleasant  \'ale 
tp.,  all  of  wiiich  he  has  accumulated  himself.  He  and  his  wife  arc 
Presbyterians. 

Wdliatn  II.  Tr/;i/*T/'"^A'///(,  phy.-iciaii,  wa>  burn  in  Ma^^achu^ettb, 
in  1847;  his  parents,  Jonathan  and  Margaret,  are  natives  of  Eng- 
land, wht>  came  to  America  about  the  year  1>>42  and  located  in 
Bristtd,  Rhode  Island,  then  moved  to  where  our  subject  was  born. 
At  the  age  of  2  years  he  came  with  his  parents  to  this  county, 
where  he  was  raised  on  a  farm,  antl  attended  the  common  schools; 
at  the  age  of  19  he  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  under  Dr.  J. 
Sykes,  of  Beverly,  A<iams  county,  studied  2  years,  then  attended 
the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  at  Keokuk,  Iowa,  gradu- 
ated Feb.  22,  1^72,  and  the  March  following  l)egaii  his  practice  in 
P>aylis.  Feb.  24,  187<',  he  was  married  to  Martha  E.  Harvey,  who 
was  born  in  June,  1846,  and  they  had  4  children.  The  Doctor  is  a 
Trustee  of  Schools,  a  member  of  the  State  Medical  Association, 
and  of  tlie  Masonic  Order. 


PITTSFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  situated  more  nearly  in  the  geographical  center 
of  the  county  than  anv  other.  It  is  a  full  Couf'ressional  township 
and  is  offijially  known  a^  township  5  south,  and  r:inge  4  west  ot 
the  -ith  principal  meridian.  In  an  agricultural  point  the  township 
ranks  among  the  finest  in  this  favored  county.  It  contains  a 
wealthy  and  intelligent  class  of  agriculturists,  who  have  made  the 
very  best  of  improvements  throughout  the  township. 

AVe  shall  not  dwell  at  length  upon  the  history  of  the  township, 
as  we  give  an  extended  sketch  of  the  town  of  Pittsfield,  which 
largely  embraces  the  history  of  the  township;  and  we  also  speak  at 
some  length  in  the  personal  sketches  of  the  leading  farmers  of  this 
community. 

The  pioneer  who  first  located  here  was  Joel  Moore,  He  erected 
a  little  cabin  on  the  northeast  quarter  of  sec.  12;  then  came 
Ephraim  Cannon  and  Moses  Riggs,  all  of  whom  became  promi- 
nent in  the  early  history  of  the  county,  and  located  on  sees.  20 
and  23  respectively.  In  1833  a  site  was  chosen  in  this  township 
by  a  special  commission  of  the  Legislature  for  the  location  of  the 
county  seat,  principally  because  of  its  being  more  nearly  in  the 
center  of  the  county,  and  a  desirable  and  healthy  location.  At  this 
place  the  principal  scenes  in  the  history  of  the  township  have  been 
enacted,  which  we  will  now  begin  to  chronicle. 

PITTSFIELD. 

Although  but  47  years  have  passed  since  the  town  of  Pittsfield 
was  founded,  it  is  difticult  to  realize  the  changes  that  have  been 
made  in  its  appearance  and  surroundings  since  then,  or  that  so 
much  has  been  accomplished  in  so  brief  a  period.  Where  now 
stand  stately  public  buildings,  school-houses  and  churches,  spacious 
stores  and  business  houses,  busy  mills  and  workshops,  elegant  res- 
idences, surrounded  with  evidences  of  refinement  and  culture, 
tasteful  cottages,  the  homes  of  a  thrifty  and  contented  people,  miles 
of  well-graded  streets  and  sidewalks,  filled  with  all  the  busy  life  of 
an  energetic  and  prosperous  town,  but  a  little  over  a  generation 
ago  was  an  unpeopled  waste,  the  beauty  of  its  site  unknown  save 
to  an  occasional  hunter  or  the  Indian  nomads.  Many  are  still 
living  in  the  town  in  the  enjoyment  of  a  hale  old  age,  who  aided 
in  the  foundation  of  the  new  town  and  erected  some  of  its  first  rude 


<)5o  nfsroKV  ok  pikk  county. 

buildiiif^s.  Tliey  have  lived  to  see  the  louj  cabins  replaced  by  larn;e 
and  sul)stantial  l)uildiii<;s  of  frame  or  brick,  have  seen  the  little 
town  S]>rc'ad  out  from  the  nncleus  uround  ''the  Scjiiare,"  until  its 
well-built  streets  extend  in  all  directiuns,  and  the  little  village  has 
become  an  imj)ortant  business  mart,  the  center  of  a  thickly  settled 
and   wealthy  community. 

OKIOIN  OF  PITTSFIELD, 

llaviniT  decided  to  locate  tlie  countv-seat  in  the  center  of  the 
county,  Geor<^e  \\  .  llinman,  Hawkins  Judd  and  Henjamin  I'arney 
were  selected  as  commissioners,  wlio  in  Man-h,  1S33,  laid  out  the 
site  of  the  t»twn,  purchasiiiir  the  ([tjarter  section  of  land  from  the 
United  Slates  Government  at  a  co^t  of  $ii<M).  The  lirst  sale  of  lots 
tot)k  place  May  15,  1S38,  11  lots  bein;;  dis|»o.^ed  of  on  that  day. 
Several  lot$  were  reserved  for  public  purp«)ses,  and  tlie  block  in  the 
northeast  corner  of  the  town,  immediately  north  of  the  ])resent 
residence  of  Jas.  11.  Wlieelin^,  was  set  ajiart  as  a  buryinj^-^round, 
and  a  number  of  interments  were  made  therein,  until  the  South 
Cemetery  WHS  oj)ened,  and  later  the  West  and  Episcopal  Cemeteries, 
in  the  western  limits  of  the  town,  when  the  old  ground  was  no 
Ioniser  used  for  its  original  ]>urpose. 

KI)L'CAT10N\L. 

The  location  of  the  county-seat,  and  the  natural  beauty  of  the 
site,  gave  tiie  youn«^  town  a  good  s-tart,  and  from  the  first  its  growth 
has  been  steady.  It  was  name<l  "  I'ittstield,''  after  the  cfty  <»f  the 
same  name  in  Massaehnsetts,  whence  nniny  of  its  earliest  and  best 
citizens  had  come;  and  that  infusion  of  New  England  enterprise, 
thrift,  morals  and  culture  has  helped  to  give  t4)ne  to  its  people,  and 
aided  in  its  subse<juent  career.  I'Vom  the  earliest  days,  when  no  regu- 
lar system  of  schools  wasyet  estaldished,  it  is  an  evidence  of  the  pub- 
lic-spirited lilterality  of  the  young  men  of  the  town,  that  they 
voluntarily  contributed  for  the  support  of  the  schools  lirst  oj>ened 
for  the  education  t>f  the  children;  and  the  place  has  always  l>een 
noted  lV)r  the  fostering  care   be>towed  on  this  iuiportant  branch. 

The  first  school  building  was  of  wood,  located  on  tlie  west  end 
of  the  lot  now  owned  by  Geo.  W.  Sanderson.  It  was  a  small  alTair, 
and  ]>ainted  the  regulation  color,  red;  and  many  a  man  who  has 
since  won  distinction  at  the  bar.  the  forum,  or  in  letters,  learned 
the  tirst  rudiments  within  its  noisy  portal.  As  the  town  grew,  ex- 
tended accommodations  were  needed,  and  several  other  small  schools 
were  started.  Later  the  lower  portion  of  the  (^hristian  Church  was 
rented  for  a  pui>lic  schotd.  In  1n61-3  the  public  spirit  found  full 
expression  in  the  erection  of  the  j>resent  spacious  and  beautiful 
btiilding,  one  of  the  largest  and  best  in  the  Military  Tract.  Here, 
with  a  graded  system  and  a  large  and  ethcient  cor]»s  of  teachers, 
pupils  are  instructed  in  all  the  ordinary  branches,  the  High  School 
department  titting  students  for  college.     A  large  clock  with  a  tine 


o 
c 


CO 

O 


I— I 

fa 


652  HISTORY  OF  pikk  county. 

bell  attiiched,  was  placed  in  the  dome  shortly  after  the  completion 
of  the  l)iiildin<r. 

The  town  also  has  a  Library  and  Free  Reading  Room,  orpjanized 
by  the  ladies,  and  heretofore  sujiported  by  the  subscriptions  (»f  the 
members.  There  are  almut  one  thousand  volumes,  many  of  them 
of  a  standanl  character,  besides  a  n«imber  of  papers  and  ])erio(lical8. 
At  the  election  last  year  the  citizens  votetl  to  levy  a  small  tax  to 
8U)tp(»rt  the  institution,  and  extend  its  field  of  usefulne; 


-*>>. 


NKWsr.M'KKS. 

In  1842  the  first  ne\vspaj>er  was  started  by  Michael  J.  Xoyes, 
and  was  calletj  Th*'  Sucker.  This  was  succeeded  by  the  Free  Preen, 
started  by  Garbutt  A:  Abbott.  Later  it  was  eiiited  l>y  John  (t. 
Nicolay,  now  Marshal  of  the  Unite<l  States  Supreme  Court  at  Wash- 
in^titn,  and  at  one  time  Private  Secretary  to  President  Lincoln, 
and  afterward  C'<>!isul  at  Paris.  The  Free  Pre»8  was  followed  by 
Th^  Journal,  and  it  by  The  i>Ul  /'7//j/,  which  is  now  ])ubli>hed  an<i 
is  in  a  prosperous  condition.  These  paj>ers  were  Free-S6il,  Whig 
and  Repui)licjin,  in  mitural  succession. 

The  Stntiixtl  was  the  first  Democratic  paper,  and  was  started  in 
1845  by  Turnl)ull  vV:  Smith.  It  wjis  followed  by  the  Union,  in 
I84'.>.  anti  it  by  the  Pike  County  Democrat,  in  |sr»7,  which  still 
rtouribhes  as  the  or^n  of  the  Dcniocr^U  of  the  ct»unty.  Several 
other  newspaper  ventures  were  made,  but  they  existed  onl}'  for  a 
brief  jieriod.  The  mail  facilities  now  enable  the  ])eople  to  secure 
promptly  the  daily  papers  fmm  tlic  larj^er  cities,  ajid  >i  lar^e  num- 
•  l>er  are  circulated. 

STREKTS. 

Those  who  now  admire  the  fine  condition  of  the  streets  of  the 
town,  llie  easy  grades,  tiie  long  reaches  of  macadamized  and  grav- 
eleil  roatis,  and  the  miles  of  brt)ad  sidewalks,  can  hardly  realize  the 
primitive  character  of  the  thoMii:-'  •  , ■  -s  that  preceded  them.  The 
roads  and  streets  were  almost  iiiij  ie  in  rainy  weather,  and  the 

best  etibrts  at  sidewalks  were  eighteen-inch  logs  split  in  two  and 
laid  side  by  side,  the  round  side  down,  and  these  only  in  the  most 
favored  localities.  Elsewhere  pe<le6trians  did  the  l>est  they  could, 
and  on  dark  nights  they  had  a  hard  road  to  travel.  During  the 
past  two  years  the  corporation  has  spcjnt  about  $10,000  in  the  im- 
provement of  the  streets  alone.  And  now,  witli  public  lamps  in 
all  the  streets,  over  a  district  alx»ut  a  mile  and  a  lialf  stjuare,  travel 
is  safe  and  comt'ortable. 

THK    rUBLIC    SQCARE    AND    BCILDINGS    AROUND    IT. 

A  description  of  the  Public  Square  and  the  short  streets  imme- 
diately around  it,  in  the  ejirly  days,  should  prove  interesting. 
Nearly  all  the  old  buildings  have  been  pulled  down  or  removea, 
and  the  few  landmarks  that  still  remain  must  soon  meet  the  same 


HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY.  653 

fate.  On  the  north  side  of  the  Square  tliere  were  but  four  l)uild- 
ings.  A  grocery  or  .saloon  occupied  the  corner  where  Shadel's 
meat  market  now  stands;  next  west  was  Tliomas  Dickson's  small 
frame  store  which  long  occupied  the  place  of  the  present  two-story 
brick  edifice,  and  is  still  standing  in  the  rear  of  its  old  site;  next 
was  the  Court-I  louse,  now  Jose})li  Heck's  store,  and  next  a  one-story 
frame,  which  was  afterward  enlarged,  and  is  now  occupied  by 
Field's  jewelry  store.  In  the  lower  portion  of  the  lot,  where  the 
Pittstield  House  now  stands,  was  the  house  of  Michael  McGuire. 
The  first  store  on  the  west  side  was  that  of  Green  &  Barber,  the 
building  now  occupied  by  Clayton's  hardware  store;  next  was  the 
store  of  Jacob  Hodgen,  who  afterward  built  the  first  brick  store  in 
town;  and  next,  near  the  south  corner,  the  harness  shop  of  Hamil- 
ton Wills.  On  the  south  side  was  the  log  store  of  Jonas  Clark, 
which  stood  where  Seeley,  Lloyd  ife  Co.'s  big  store  now  stands;  then 
the  store  of  Talcott  &  Co.,  and  then  the  Mansion  House,  which 
was  then  but  two  stories  high  and  having  about  half  its  present 
frontage.  East  of  this  was  Mrs.  Mary  M.  Heath's  house.  (This 
venerable  lady,  who  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  white  child  born 
in  Cincinnati,  O.,  is  still  living  in  the  town,  and  is  looked  upon  and 
respected  as  one  of  the  few  living  links  connecting  the  present  with 
the  past  generation.)  East  of  Mrs.  Heath's  was  Frank  Spencer's 
blacksmith  shop.  On  the  east  side  of  the  Square,  and  occupying 
the  site  of  Winans  &  Platner's  furniture  store,  was  the  residence  of 
Miss  Bush,  and  north  of  that  J.  U.  Grimshaw's  store. 

The  Square  itself  was  an  unfenced  playground,  ornamented  with 
a  dense  grow^th  of  hazel-brush. 

OTHER    BUILDINGS. 

Scattered  at  some  distance  on  the  streets  running  from  the 
Square  were  the  dwellings  of  the  citizens,  none  of  them  presenting 
much  architectural  beautv.  The  larore  two-storv  frame  residence 
now  occupied  by  Thos.  Burt,  was  built  by  Col.  Wm.  Ross,  when  he 
first  moved  to  the  town.  It  was  probabl}'  at  that  time  the  finest 
private  dwelling  in  all  the  surrounding  country,  and  its  large 
rooms,  wide  halls  and  lofty  ceilings  were  the  admiration  of  all.  In 
1847  Col.  Ross  built  the  large  brick  residence  just  east  of  town, 
where  he  resided  up  to  the  time  of  his  death,  Mr.  Oran  Green,  a 
hale  and  active  veteran,  still  lives  to  boast  that  he  carried  all  the 
mortar  used  in  the  erection  of  that  fine  building. 

Near  where  Hicks'  stable  now  stands  was  Turnbaugh's  Row,  a 
block  of  four  stores,  "all  on  the  ground,"  all  occupied  by  the  same 
firm,  and  filled  with  a  miscellaneous  stock. 

The  building  now  occupied  as  a  residence  b}^  Dr.  Worthington, 
situated  on  one  of  the  handsomest  sites  in  the  town,  and  surrounded 
by  beautiful  grounds,  was  intended  for  a  seminary  for  3'oung  ladies, 
but  for  some  reason  the  attempt  to  establish  such  an  institution 
here  was  abandoned. 

Jas.  Ward  and  Samuel  Smith  built  and  kept  a  livery  stable  north 


\ 


Go4  HlSTuUY    t-K    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

of  the    j>re8c'iit   postoftice.     lietweeii  that  and    the  corner  of  the 
Sjuare  was  a  ih'v\\  ImlloNv.  ovrrt^'rowii  with  liazel  hrush. 

Fletcher  S:  lluckal)i»rii  huil  a  hhicksmitli  ami  ^un-shoii  hack  of 
lluiiter's   present  .shoe  shop.     Doriis  Bates  also  had  a  hlacksuiith 
shop  near  his  waijon  mannractorv. 

Where  Shihley's  cjirriai;e  faetory  now  stands,  was  erected  the 
tirst  cardin^inachine.  it  was  run  hy  horse  |>ower,  and  was  a 
Kinderons  concern,  with  hroad  wooden  co«^-wheels  and  beams. 
lere  a  child,  who  afterw.ird  lived  to  assume  a  noted  manhood, 
had  a  miracnlotis  escape  from  a  lujrrihle  death.  While  the  machin- 
ery was  nnder  full  headway,  he  c!im!>ed  upon  the  horse  power,  hut 
slijtped  and  fell.  His  head  was  cauijht  hetween  oi»e  of  the  l)ri»ad 
spokes  of  the  wheel  and  the  timher  of  the  frame.  It  was  crushed 
nearly  thit.  hut  stopj»ed  the  machine! 

The  child  recovered  and  i^rew  up  to  serve  liis  country  ijallantly 
ami  well.  That  was  one  <A'  the  niaiiv  escaoes  of  Major  1).  K. 
Bates. 

The  tirst  steam  tlourin;;-mill,  now.  known  as  the  "  Old  Mill," 
was  huilt  hy  Jonathan  Frye  and  Stephen  (lay  in  1S41>,  and  for 
3*ears  was  the  lar^e.-t  in  this  section.  The  new  mill  was  huilt  in 
1S70  hy  Shaw,  I{u|a'rt,  .Vdams  A:  Clnipman,  and  is  a  tine  lar^e 
hrick  huildin;j,  tilled  with  the  hest  machinery.  Both  mills  are 
doin^  a  heavy  husiness,  and  Pittstield  brands  of  tlour  (command  a 
hi;;h  priec  in  the  markets  of  New  York  and   Boston. 

The  oldest  building  in  the  t«^»wn  was  erected  by  William  Wats(»n. 
It  16  a  small  loj;  store,  and  is  now  standing  in  the  l(»t  in  the  rear  of 
the  Mansion  House.  Mr.  Watson  was  soon  tV»llowe«l  by  Messrs. 
R.  R.  (ireene  and  Austin  Barber,  who  built  and  occupied  the  store 
owned  by  W.  H.  Clayton. 

Mr.  .lohn  U.  Gritnshaw  had  the  tirst  re;;ular  dry-^j^oods  store  in 
town,  near  where  L.  Klemme's  building  now  stands,  but  also  car- 
ried a  stock  of  miscellaneous  gofKJs.  He  was  an  Irishman  by 
birth.  Well  educated,  and  with  a  high  sense  of  business  inttL'ritv. 
He  has  been  dead  for  some  years. 

I'KoMI.N'KNT   CITIZR.NS. 

The  name  of  Cu\.  William  Ross  is  intimately  associated  with 
the  early  history  of  Pittstield,  and  with  its  advancement  and  i»ros- 
perity,  up  to  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  its  most  pntminent 
citizen,  and  aided  nearly  every  enterprise.  He  was  born  in  .Mas- 
sachusetts in  1792,  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1.^20,  subsc(iucntly 
removiui;  to  the  new  town  of  Pittstield.  A  i;(»od  sketch  of  his  life 
is  given  in  the  biographical  department  of  the  history  of  this 
township. 

Cv\.  D.  B.  Bush,  also  a  native  of  Massachusetts,  born  in  1790, 
settled  in  Pittstield  a  year  after  the  town  was  laid  out,  and  has  been 
a  prominent  and  active  citizen  ever  since.  He  practiced  at  the 
Bar.  and  has  held  several  ofHces.    He  is  still  remarkably  healthy  for 


V 


-•■'''■'   '^'^■tt^^ 


if   ■,  ^. . 


i^P^MTMOru 


PITTSFIELD 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  657 

his  years,  and  can  be  seen  almost  daily  greeting  his  many  friends 
with  gonial  humor. 

Hon.  AVilliam  R.  Archer,  the  veteran  member  of  the  Bar,  is 
still  in  active  practice.  lie  was  born  in  New  York  in  1817,  and 
emigrated  to  Pittsfield  in  IS^'S.  He  lias  rejieatedly  represented 
this  district  in  the  State  Senate,  and  is  known  and  honored  tlirough- 
out  the  State.  He  has  a  numerous  familv  of  sons  and  dauirhters, 
and  the  whole  community  call  him  friend. 

Mr.  Samuel  Crane,  who  conducted  the  Union  House  for  many 
years,  is  another  surviving  veteran,  who  can  be  seen  any  morning 
in  the  week,  basket  on  arm,  doing  his  own  marketing.  He  has  a 
neat  place  in  the  west  part  of  town,  and  is  a  noted  gardener. 

Mr.  Frank  Keys,  another  of  the  early  settlers,  is  about  to 
remove  to  Logan  county.  He  first  engaged  in  store-keeping  in 
Pittsfield,  but  later  devoted  his  attention  to  farming  and  stock- 
raising,  amassing  a  large  property.  He  is  of  Scotch-Irish  birth, 
and  has  all  the  energy  and  perseverance  of  that  canny  race. 

Squire  Hickerson,  who  lives  some  distance  east  of  town,  was 
probably  the  first  settler  in  that  vicinity.  He  is  still  a  very  active 
man,  and  is  now  serving  as  Collector  of  Newburg  township.  He 
has  a  remarkable  memory,  and  is  a  veritable  chronicle  of  the  early 
history  of  the  town  and  county. 

James  Ross  is  probably  the  oldest  living  resident  of  the  town. 
He  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  settled  at  Atlas  in  1826.  When 
Pittsfield  was  located   he  moved  here,  where  he  has  since  resided. 

Thomas  Dickson,  who  is  a  native  of  the  island  of  Orkney, 
removed  from  New  York  to  Pittsfield  in  1839.  He  acted  as  clerk 
in  William  Watson's  store  for  some  years,  and  then  engaged  in 
business  for  himself.  He  is  still  an  active  business  man,  and  gives 
promise  to  continue  so  for  many  3'ears. 

Capt.  W.  N.  Shibley,  another  Mexican  veteran,  who  is  still 
carrying  on  his  old  business  of  carriage-making,  was  among  the 
earlj'  settlers;  and  although  he  has  had  a  career  of  considerable 
adventure,  is  as  active  as  he  was  30  years  ago.  He  served  through 
the  ^[exican  war,  and  later  spent  many  years  fighting  Indians  on 
the  Texas  plains.  He  still  has  in  his  possession  some  of  the  scalps 
taken  in  his  adventurous  days,  hideous  trophies  of  border  warfare. 

Hon.  Henry  Mudd,  now  a  prominent  citizen  of  Missouri,  was 
among  the  earliest  merchants  of  Pittsfield,  where  he  conducted  a 
successful  business  for  many  years. 

H.  Atkinson,  now  the  respected  Vice  President  of  the  Pike 
County  Bank,  was  an  early  comer.  He  came  from  Philadelphia 
and  opened  a  tailor  shop  near  the  southwest  corner  of  the  S(|uare. 
Afterward  he  engaged  in  the  drug  business,  and  later  had  a  furni- 
ture and  hardware  store. 

Col.  D.  D.  Hicks,  the  veteran  Cashier  of  the  First  National 
Bank,  has  long  been  a  resident  of  the  town,  and  has  been  a  suc- 
cessful business  man  and  popular  public  officer,  , 

Dr.  Campbell  and   Dr.  AVorthington  were   the  first  physicians 

38 


658  HI^TuKV    OF    I'lKK    CODXTY. 

who  bottled  here.  I'oth  were  tjkilltiil  practitioners  and  ener^^etic 
men.  Dr.  C'liinplR'U  has  been  dead  tV»r  some  vears,  hut  Dr.  Worth 
in«;ti)n  i.s  still  livin*;.  Having  ac<|uired  a  lar^e  jtroperty,  lu'  has 
devoted  his  later  years  to  the  study  of  ^eolo<iy  and  kindred  sub- 
jects, and  has  been  visitini;:  the  Rocky  .Nfountains  for  some  time  in 
pursuit  of  l»is  t'avorite  studies.  Dr.  Norris  an<i  Dr.  C'onistock 
came  some  time  later,  and  botii  practiced  successfully.  They  have 
bee:i  calletl  from  their  iluties  for  numy  years.  The  widow  of  Dr. 
Norris  still  survives  him,  ami  is  eujoyin*;  a  genial  aii<l  ^^raceful 
old  a^e.  Youn^  in  heart  and  joyful  in  feeling,  she  is  respected  by 
all,  and  is  opecially  love<i  by  the  youn^  pettple,  whose  friend  and 
conliduiit  ^he  is. 

Amon^  the  local  celel)ritie8  whose  subsequent  career  has  been 
a  subject  of  pride  with  this  iK'ople,  is  Col.  John  Hay,  now  Assis- 
tant Stcrt'tary  of  State  at  n  a^hington.  IK-  .'-pent  his  boyhood 
here,  with  his  uncle,  Hon.  Milton  Hay,  now  of  Sprin^tield.  His 
"  Pike  County  IJallads"  have  a«sociate<l  his  name  with  his  old  home, 
although  he  e.vercised  more  than  a  poet's  license  in  some  of  the 
pictures  he  drew.  The  hero  of  "  Ihinfy  Tim,"  the  most  forcil)le  of 
the  iiallads,  is  still  a  resident  of  this  town,  but  his  name  is  it<>t  Til- 
man  .loy. 

l*>ut  pr«»bably  the  Iwst  known  load  character  is  Capt.  Abe  Hutz, 
proprietor  of  the  Orcj^on  Hou.se.  A  luitive  of  Pennsylvania,  lie 
came  West  in  earlv  maidiood,  and  has  p)ne  tiirough  a  Ion;;  lite 
with  philosophical  cheerfulness.  Noted  f«»r  his  patrit)tism,  he 
observes  witli  religious  regularity  all  the  Natitmal  holidays,  anni- 
versaries of  battles,  etc.,  and  is  an  e8|K?cial  admirer  of  Gen. 
Jackst)n,  for  whom  he  playini;  and  also  assisted  at  the  reception 
i»f  (.ten.  Latayelte  at  Philadelphia  on  his  last  visit  to  this  country. 
Mr.  \U\\7.  is  also  note«l  for  his  kindliness  of  heart,  the  poor  always 
tin<li!ig  in  him  a  cliaritnble  friemi. 

Mr.  .Metcnlf  opened  the  tirst  tin  shop  in  the  town,  and  for  a  long 
time  had  a  monop.dy  of  that  trade.  L.  liennett  had  one  of  the 
first  shoe  shops,  aiid  Samuel  Barl>er  a  tailor  shop. 

Rol»ert  R.  Greene  and  Austin  Barber  came  from  Marietta,  Ohio, 
and  settled  in  Pitt.xfield  when  it  was  laid  out.  They  were  con- 
nected in  business  for  many  years,  the  store  of  (ireene  cV  liarber 
being  kiK»wn  throughout  the  whole  tract.  Roth  partners  still  sur- 
vive. Mr.  Greene  has  been  an  invalid  for  some  years,  but  Mr. 
Barber  is  as  vigorous  an<l  active  as  many  younger  men. 

BRICK    KILN,  KTC. 

In  18^3  the  tirst  kiln  of  brick  was  burned,  by  a  man  named  But- 
ler, his  yard  being  located  west  of  the  fair  grounds.  Later  a  brick 
vard  was  started  on  North  Monroe  street,  where  the  Haskell  prop- 
ertv  now  stands.  Since  then  the  business  has  grown  steadily,  until 
this  day.  when  brick,  tile,  pottery,  etc.,  form  an  important  item  in 
the  industries  of  the  town. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY,  659 

HOTELS. 

The  location  of  the  Conrt-IIouse  here,  with  the  consequent  influx 
of  stranorers  durinij  term  time,  made  hotels  a  necessity  at  an  early 
day.  The  Union  House,  kept  by  Samuel  Crane,  and  the  Mansion 
House,  met  the  demand  at  first.  Then  the  Kentucky  House,  now 
known  as  the  ^[ansion  House,  was  built.  Hi  1S70  the  spacious  and 
handsome  Pittsfield  House  was  built  by  a  stock  company.  The 
three  last  named  houses  are  still  open.  These,  with  Shibley's  es- 
tablishment and  the  Oreii^on  House,  amply  su])ply  the  town  with 
hotel  accommodations.  The  Union  House  was  a  frame  building  on 
the  north  side  of  the  Square.  The  lower  portion  of  the  building  is 
now  occupied  by  the  stores  of  M.  R.  Peckenpaugh  and  Dober  & 
Blades. 

MAIL    FACILITIES. 

The  first  postoffice  was  in  a  small  log  building  which  stood  op- 
posite the  Episcopal  Church,  and  was  kept  by  Merrill  E.  Rattan. 
jMails  arrived  and  departed  only  once  a  week,  by  horseback;  and 
although  communication  with  the  outside  world  was  limited,  it 
was  ample  enough  to  meet  the  wants  of  the  people.  About  1845  a 
tri-weekly  stage  was  run  to  Jacksonville  by  Hill  &  Watson,  carry- 
ing the  mails,  and  later,  tri-weekly  mails  were  extended  to  Win- 
chester, Beardstown  and  Quincy,  J.  Shastid  and  Jesse  French  being 
the  contractors.  They  were  afterward  bought  out  by  Thomas 
Burt,  who  continued  the  lines  for  some  time.  In  July,  1S53, 
the  first  daily  mail  was  established  between  Naples  and  Hannibal, 
via  Pittsfield,  Uncle  Davie  Stanton  and  S.  P.  Duftield  being  the 
contractors.  Subsequently  connection  was  made  with  the  young 
and  growing  towns  throughout  the  county,  until  now  Pittsfield  is 
in  direct  communication  by  mail  and  telegraph  with  all  the  outside 
world. 

SHIPPING. 

When  the  old  Jacksonville  &  Naples  Railroad  was  extended  to 
Hannibal,  and  as  tlie  new  line  was  located  some  six  miles  north  of 
Pittsfield,  it  was  feared  it  would  retard  the  growth  of  the  town.  To 
prevent  this  possible  result,  in  1870  a  branch  line  was  built  from 
Pittsfield  to  Maysville,  connecting  with  tlie  Hannibal  &  Naples 
line,  and  is  now  familiarly  called  the  ''Bob-Tail."  The  road  is  oper- 
ated by  the  Wabash  Railroad  Company,  and  it  is  an  evidence  of 
the  prosperous  trade  and  importance  of  Pittsfield,  that  the  Compa- 
ny's returns  show  the  ''Bob-Tail"  to  be  one  of  the  best  paying 
sections  operated  by  that  important  corporation. 

For  years  after  the  settlement  of  the  town,  Florence,  on  the  Illi- 
nois river,  some  twelve  miles  east,  was  the  regular  shipping  ]ioint 
for  Pittsfield,  nearly  all  the  goods  being  received  and  shipped  by 
wagon  to  the  steamboat's  landing  at  that  town.  In  1851  a  private 
corporation    constructed  a  plank  road,  connecting  Pittsfield    and 


600  HISTORY    OF    IMKE    COINT^. 

Florence.  It  was  kept  in  ^ooil  repair  tor  Boine  years,  and  proved  a 
great  convenience,  but  the  extension  of  lines  in  other  directions  di- 
verted a  portion  of  the  tratlic,  and  it  wiis  afterward  thrown  <»j)en 
to  the  jdihlic.  In  the  early  days,  the  settlers  had  not  learned  the 
economy  uf  a  division  of  Itusiness,  or  lacked  the  means  and  facili- 
ties. Then  nearly  every  man  who  raised  stock  did  his  own  slaugh- 
tering, the  product  being  sold  t«»  storekeepers,  who  shipped  it  to  St. 
Louis.  Lariro  <|uantitie6  of  grain  ami  live  stock  were  als(»  shipped 
in  the  same  way,  and  in  a  few  years  this  trade  became  st>  imjtorlaiit 
that  a  large  amount  of  capital  was  invested  in  the  business,  tmd  the 
warehouses  of  I'ittstield  and  Klorence  were  filled  with  the  j)roduct6 
of  the  surrounding  country.  Nuw  the  facilities  of  transportation 
bv  rail  and  river  have  ;'iven  adiHerent  feature  t<»  the  trade.  .Much 
of  the  wheat  finds  its  way  to  the  far  Kastern  markets  in  the  form 
of  fljur,  while  the  shipment  of  grain,  live  stock  and  j)rovisions  is 
managed  as  separate  lines  of  business. 

I'ROTKCTIO.N    AGAINST    KIRKS. 

Although  the  town  has  never  hat!  a  regularly  organized  fire  com 
pany,  an  engine  oraj»paratus,  it  has  been  remarkably  exempt  from  de- 
structive fires.  Hut  few  buildings  have  been  destroyed  by  lire,  and  in 
each  instance  the  citizens  turne<l  out  and  worketl  with  such  deter- 
mination that  the  fire  was  subdued  lieforc  extending  Ixiyond  the 
building  where  it  uriginate«i.  Althotigh  the  town  has  JKien  so  for- 
tunate heretofore,  the  danger  of  tires  is  a  subject  of  sidicitudo 
among  thoughtful  citizens,  and  it  is  |>robablu  that  a  C4>mpany  will 
be  organized  an<l  pro|>erly  e«juip|HHl,  in  anticipation  of  future  con- 
tingencies. 

TKMrKRANCE. 

For  years  there  has  been  a  strotjg  temperance  sentiment  in  this 
community,  ami  the  friends  of  the  cause  have  repeatedly  succeeded 
in  electing  an  anti-license  lioard  of  Town  Trustees.  At  the  last 
two  elections,  however,  they  were  deteate<l  by  a  small  majority,  and 
four  saloons  have  been  licensed  at  a  tax  of  $1,500  each  per  annum. 
During  the  teu^KTance  crusade  some  years  ago,  the  ladies  suc- 
ceetled  in  arousing  jtublic  sentiment,  and  licen.se  |wa8  al)olished. 
Later,  when  the  Murphy  revival  was  inaugurated,  it  met  with  re- 
markable success  here,  several  humlred  persons  having  enrolled 
themselves  in  the  blue  ribbon  organization.  Within  the  past  few 
months  the  temperance  people  have  organized  a  new  society,  and 
already  accomplished  much  good.  The  present  movement  is  more 
quiet  in  its  character  than  the  crusade  or  Murphy  revival,  but  it 

ffives  promise  of  accomplishing  the  end  aimed  at, — suppression  of 
egalized  traffic  in  liquors  within  the  town. 

MILITARY. 

After  the  passage  of  the  militia  law   by  the  State  Legislature 
three  vears  ago,  two  militia  comj>anies  were  organized  in  Pittsfield, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  661 

one,  the  Pittsfield  Guards,  and  the  other,  the  Pike  County  Guards. 
After  a  few  months  the  Adjutant  General  ordered  the  consolidation 
of  the  two  companies,  whicli  was  done,  the  organization  taking  the 
name  of  the  Tittslield  Guards.  The  officers  are  J.  AV.  Johnson, 
Captain;  AV".  Steinhauer,  1st  Lieut.;  and  Geo.  Barber,  2d  Lieut. 
The  company  is  uniformed  and  well  armed,  having  a  well  appointed 
armory  in  Dickson's  Hall. 

A  notable  day  in  the  military  annals  of  the  town,  and  one  long 
to  be  remembered,  was  the  Annual  Eeunion  of  Army  Veterans 
held  here  in  August,  1878.  Preparations  for  the  event  had  been 
in  progress  for  many  days,  all  classes  of  citizens  vieing  with  each 
other  in  efforts  to  make  the  celebration  worthy  of  the  occasion  and 
of  the  town,  and  the  result  more  than  realized  their  highest  ex- 
pectations. 

Daybreak  of  the  eventful  day  was  ushered  in  with  a  grand 
salute,  and  at  an  early  hour  the  streets  were  thronged  with  an  eager 
multitude,  gathered  from  all  the  surrounding  country.  The  build- 
ings around  the  Public  Square  and  on  the  principal  streets  were 
decorated  with  flags  and  patriotic  emblems,  while  the  Square  itself 
presented  a  novel  and  most  attractive  appearance.  On  either 
corner  decorated  platforms  were  erected,  on  which  were  living 
groups  of  young  girls  and  boys  representing  Liberty,  the  Army, 
the  Navy,  Justice,  Industry,  Commerce,  Agriculture,  etc.,  each 
tigure  in  appropriate  costume,  and  surrounded  by  implements  and 
emblems  illustrating  the  tableaux.  Near  the  southwest  corner  of 
the  Square  a  large  platform  was  also  erected  for  speakers  and  dis- 
tinguished guests,  and  literally  covered  with  flags,  evergreens, 
wreaths,  flowers,  pictures  and  statuary.  But  the  most  attractive 
quarter  was  the  north  and  east  sides  of  the  Square,  wliere  were 
spread  long  lines  of  tables  loaded  with  all  the  substantial  and  lux- 
uries a  bountiful  land  afforded,  while  snowy  covers,  and  glittering 
silver,  china  and  glass,  and  a  profusion  of  bouquets,  festoons  of 
flowers,  etc.,  beautified  the  scene.  These  tables  were  in  charge  of 
the  ladies, and  as  each  tried  to  excel  her  neighbor  in  the  luxury  and 
elegance  of  her  table,  the  result  was  such  a  banquet  as  was  prob- 
ably rever  before  spread  on  a  similar  occasion. 

The  Pittsfield  Guards  and  the  Pike  County  Guards,  the  two  lo- 
cal companies,  were  under  arms  at  an  early  hour,  and  acted  as 
escort  to  the  veterans  and  their  families  arriving  from  abroad.  At 
10  o'clock  the  train  from  Springfield  arrived,  bringing  Governor 
Cullom,  Gen.  Reese,  ex-Governor  Palmer  and  other  distinguished 
visitors,  with  the  Governor's  Guard  of  Springfield  as  honorary  es- 
cort, the  "Winchester  Guards,  and  along  line  of  veterans  in  detached 
squads  from  Griggsville,  Barry  and  other  ]>oint6.  A  procession 
was  then  formed,  and  after  parading  through  the  ])rinci)ial  streets, 
mustered  in  the  Square  in  front  of  the  grand  stand,  where  they 
were  welcomed  in  an  eloquent  address  by  Rev.  II.  D.  Clark,  Pas- 
tor of  the  Christian  Church,  and  himself  a  gallant  soldier.  Gov- 
ernor Cullom  responded  in  an  appropriate  speech,  paying  a  fitting 


602  HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY. 

tribute  to  the  patriotism  and  i^uUiiiitry  of  the  citizen  soldiery.  On 
the  phitt'urm  were  a  miinber  of  distiii^nlslied  veterans  of  the  Re- 
bellion and  the  Mexican  war.  and  a  small  j^ronp  of  honored  heroes 
of  the  war  of  1SI2.  After  api»ropriate  mus'c  l>y  the  ;;lee  clubs  and 
the  b:inds,  an  adjournment  was  had  for  dinner.  The  immense 
crowd  were  billeted  at  the  several  tables,  and  were  entertained  with 
profusion,  all  bein;;  satistied, — men,  women  and  children, — and 
enouf^h  left  over  to  feed  a  bri;;ade.  After  <l inner  there  was  a  gen- 
eral interehan^^e  «»f  ^reetinj^s  amoiij^  old  jirnjy  comrades,  and  man}' 
an  experience  of  the  march,  the  battle-Held  and  tlie  bivouac  re- 
newi'<l  and  recounted.  Speakini;  was  then  resumed,  when  Col.  A. 
C  Matthews  intrtMiiico<l  (tt'ii.  I'alnu-r  in  a  neat  addn's».  The  lat- 
ter was  greeted  with  cheer.s  and  spoke  for  over  an  hour,  ^ivin^ 
many  amusin;^  anecdotes  of  army  life,  all  of  which  were  thoroughly 
enjoyed  by  the  "boys."  Short  addresses  were  made  by  other 
speakers,  toUowt-d  by  a  p:ira<lr  aiul  <lrill  by  the  (iovernitr's  Guard, 
untler  c*»mmand  of  Maj.  K.  S.  .lohnson.  The  remaiiulur  of  the  day 
was  taktMi  up  in  a  general  jolIitic;itiot),  in  imitation  of  camp  life, 
and  other  amusements.  As  the  evening  shadows  fell,  the  stningers 
from  abroa«l  departed  amid  the  chet-rs  of  the  pet»ple;  the  citizens 
returned  to  their  homes,  and  so  ended  one  of  the  mo.^l  memorable 
days  in  the  historv  of  rittstield. 

rUULIO  HAI.I.S  AND  SOCIAL  MATTERS. 

The  first  public  hall  was  in  the  Mansion  House  block.  Before 
its  erection  tlte  fun-loving  ftdk  held  their  dances  and  hocial  g)ith- 
erings  in  the  Court-llouse,  and  the  lialls  sup{K>sed  to  l>c  sacred  to 
the  disciples  of  lilackstonc  echoed  to  the  sounds  of  merry-making, 
while  an  occasional  Church  fair  threw  the  mantle  of  charity  over 
all.  The  whole  communitv  was  noted  for  its  sociability,  and 
pleasant  gjitherings  were  of  lre<iuent  occurrence.  The  young  men 
were  also  famous  for  their  skill  in  athletic  s{>orts,  foot-racing  es- 
j>ecially  l)ei!>g  very  popular,  and  many  a  youth  who  luis  since 
grown  old  and  st«id,  has  com|K.'ted  in  contests  of  speed,  on  the 
"  track,"  along  the  south  side  yy'i  the  S^juare.  The  prizes  usually 
awardetl  would  not  be  sanctioned  by  the  friends  of  temperance, 
llorse-nicing  also  was  very  jxipular,  and  is  still  a  favorite  pastime 
with  many. 

In  l!S45  a  number  Kii  the  young  men  orijanized  a  full  brass  band, 
and  thereafter  furnisheil  the  music  on  the  Fourth-of-July  and  other 
public  occasions.  Debating  and  literary  clubs  were  also  formed, 
and  a  taste  for  literature  of  a  hiirli  order  was  developed  and  fostered. 

In  the  summer  of  1*^40  an  event  occurred  which  marked  a  new 
epoch  in  the  annals  of  the  young  town.  This  was  the  arrival  of 
Van  Amburgh's  circus  and  menagerie.  It  was  the  first  regular 
**  show"  that  hat!  penetrated  so  far  among  the  outlying  settlements, 
and  its  advent  was  hailed  with  wonder  and  delight  by  young  and 
old.  the  people  Hocking  in  from  all  the  surrounding  c<juntrv  to  see 
it.     Many  a  veteran  who  has  lived  to  see  scores  of  such  exhibitions 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  663 

Still  remembers  with  pleasure  that  first  iiitroduction  to  the  deliorhts 
and  glories  of  the  saw-dust  riii<^.  Tliis  was  soon  followed  by  others, 
and  shortly  afterward  rei^ular  dramatic  companies  visited  the 
town,  and  were  well  received.  Now  there  is  no  dearth  of  public 
entertainments,  a  good  company  rarely  failing  to  draw  well. 

THE  MKXICAN  WAR. 

From  the  cl.ose  of  the  Indian  troubles  until  the  declaration  of 
war  with  Mexico,  the  people  of  Pittslield  had  no  military  experi- 
ences, but  the  promptness  with  which  troops  were  raised  on  the  latter 
occasion  shows  their  military  and  patriotic  ardor.  Special  messen- 
gers who  had  been  sent  to  Springfield  hastened  back  with  the  news 
that  volunteers  were  called  for.  A  full  company  was  organized  in 
a  few  hours,  most  of  the  members  being  from  Pittsfield  and  the 
immediate  vicinit3\  They  started  at  once  for  Springfield,  arrived 
there  the  same  night,  and,  reporting  at  headquarters,  were  mustered 
in  as  company  K  of  the  oth  Regiment,  Illinois  Yolunteer  Infantry. 
Nor  had  they  any  time  to  spare.  Next  day,  Springfield  was  thronged 
with  volunteers  from  the  surrounding  counties,  who  had  to  be  re- 
jected. Company  K  had  completed  the  quota.  When  organized 
the  officers  of  the  company  were  :  I,  B.  Donaldson,  Captain;  — 
Bostwick,  1st  Lieut.;  Emmet  Hicks,  2d  Lieut.;  and  Wm.  Kinman, 
3d  Lieut.  On  the  organization  of  the  Regiment,  Capt.  Donaldson 
was  promoted  a  field  officer,  and  Lieut.  Kinman  was  made  Cap- 
tain. The  achievements  of  the  gallant  5th  are  a  part  of  the  history 
of  the  nation,  and  company  K  won  its  full  share  of  the  laurels. 
All  the  old  officers  have  answered  the  final  muster  save  only  Lieut. 
Hicks,  who  is  still  living  in  Pittsfield  hale  and  hearty,  and  who 
with  some  of  his  old  comrades  in  arms,  fijjhts  over  his  old  battles, 
and 

"  Shoulders  bis  cane. 

And  shoAYS  how  fields  were  won." 

The  same  military  and  patriotic  spirit  was  manifested  by  the 
people  in  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion.  Pittsfield  ])romptly 
sent  a  large  number  of  volunteers,  who  were  on  almost  every  battle- 
field of  the  South.  No  soldiers  ever  acc^uitted  themselves  more 
nobly  than  those  who  went  from  Pittsfield, 

COURT- no  USE. 

Immediately  after  the  town  was  laid  out  the  first  Court-House 
was  erected,  the  order  therefor  being  issued  by  the  County  Com- 
missioners in  June,  1S33.  It  was  a  frame  building,  located  on  the 
north  side  of  the  Sfpiare,  and  was  not  remarkable  for  size  or  style. 
It  is  still  standing,  and  is  now  occupied  l>y  Joseph  Heck  as  a  store. 
The  coming  season  a  new  brick  i)uilding  is  to  take  its  place,  and 
the  old  landmark  will  be  removed.  The  present  Court-House  was 
erected  in  183S-!^  and  was  in  that  early  day  considered  a    spacious 


e6i 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY. 


and  coiiuitodiuiis  building.  The  oflices  of  the  Circuit  and  County 
Clerks  are  in  aHrej)rout*  building  west  ot  the  ('i)urt-lluuse.  The 
handsome  t;rounds  which  now  surround  it  were  tl»en  an  uninclosed 
plat  covered  with  lia/.el-ltrush.  Tlie  stately  trees  that  now  adorn 
the  grounds  were  [ihinted  l)y  home  of  the  youn^  Uien  »>t  the  town, 
tlie  youn^  members  of  the  Har  l>eing  prominent  in  the  good  work. 
Their  tjiU  sterns  and  wide-spreading  branches  stand  as  monuments 
of  their  enterprise  and  ]»ublic  sjtirit.  ami  those  who  now  enjoy  the 
grateful  sliaijc  >hc.iild  nMiicmber  with  gratitii'if  tin-  th«iughtful 
planters. 

I'K<»MINKST    MKMIIKKH   OF   TIIK    U.\K. 

From  the  tirst  organization  »»f  the  county  C»»UJ•t.>^  the  Uar  has 
been  noted  for  the  distinguished  men  who  have  ornamented  it. 
Within  its  walls  some  who  have  won  national  fame  earned  their 
earlier  f  )rensic  laurel.s.  Among  its  graduates  A'ere  Col.  K.  D. 
ihiKer,  the  brilliant  orat«»r,  the  cultivated  gentleman,  the  statesman 
and  the  her<»,  whose  brilliant  life  was  untimely  ende<i  at  the  fatal 
battle  of  HalPb  IMutf;  and  Col.  iJanii^l  II.  (iilmer,  the  genial 
friend  and  able  lawyer,  who  fell  a  sacrifice  to  his  patriotism  at 
Stone  liiver;  and  (^ol.  Jackson  (rriinshaw,  a  krcn  and  able  lawyer, 
irre^iotibh»  in  debate,  now  gone  to  hi^  rest;  anW  Maj.  Sam  Hayes, 
an  able  lawyer,  a  free-hearted  and  jovial  companion;  and  Archie 
Williams,  and  Dick  Richardson,  and  Isaac  N.  Morris,  an<l  James 
Ward,  and  J.  W.  Whitney,  are  among  the  members  of  the  Har 
who  have  pas.»ed  away. 

Here  in  the  early  day  sucli  lawyers  as  Lincoln,  and  Douglas,  an<l 
Browning  came  to  plead.  Of  the  living  representativeh  who  have 
Won  distinction  nuiy  l»e  mentioned  Hon.  Milton  Hay,  uow  of 
Springfield;  C.  L.  Iligbee,  Judge  of  the  Appellate  Court;  Wm.  A. 
Ctrimshaw,  member  of  the  State  Hoard  <»f  Charities,  ami  who  has 
tilled  many  {KiSitions  of  honor  in  the  Slate;  Wm.  U.  Archer, 
State  Senator  lor  many  vears;  Col.  A.  C.  -Matthews,  Member  of 
the  Legislature;  Sci»tt  Wike,  late  Meml>er  of  Congress;  Jas.  S. 
Irwin,  one  of  the  ablest  lawyers  in  the  State;  Richard  I*.  Atkinson, 
ex-County  Judge,  and  the  veteran  D.  li.  i3ush.  There  are  younger 
members  of  the  Uar  who  bid  fair  to  emulate  the  example  of  their 
seniors.  Jetferson  Orr,  the  District '  Attorney,  is  now  tilling  his 
second  term,  and  has  proved  an  etlicient  and  industrious  ollicer. 
Hon.  Strother  (irigsby,  the  County  Judge,  has  long  been  identi- 
tied  with  the  Har.  In  his  present  position  he  has  accomplished 
gotni  work,  and  is  the  friendly  adviser  of  all  who  ap|K*ar  in  his 
Court. 

.lAir.. 

The  tirst  jail  was   built   near  the  site  of  the   pre.sent   town  cala 
boose.     It  was  not  a  pretentious  building,  but  was  sufficient  for  the 
wants  of  the  county  for  many  years.     It  was  afterward  sold,  and  was 
occupied  as  a  tobacco  factory,  when  it  was  destroyed  by  tire.    The 


^ 


<^>>/^£^    y    //<i2it^ 


piTTsntLD  Tr 


HISTOJIY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  667 

present  handsome  jail,  on  the  northeast  corner  of  the  Public 
Square,  was  erected  in  1861.  It  is  a  substantial  brick  building  with 
a  double  tier  of  cells,  necessary  offices,  and  residence  for  the 
Sheriff. 

But  one  execution  has  taken  place  in  ilie  Pittsfield  jail,  Bart. 
Barnes  having  been  hanged  December  29,  1871,  for  the  murder  of 
Mr.  Greshani  near  Pleasant  Hill.  The  execution  was  private, 
within  the  walls  of  the  prison,  but  so  great  was  the  public  curios- 
ity over  the  event  that  hundreds  of  persons  from  the  surrounding 
country  crowded  the  streets  around  the  jail. 

In  1878  an  attack  upon  the  jail  was  threatened,  and  at  one  time 
it  appeared  as  if  it  would  result  in  serious  loss  of  life.  A  Dr. 
Brown,  of  Milton,  was  found  dead  in  his  door-yard,  with  a  gun- 
shot wound  in  his  head;  and  it  was  supposed  he  had  been  mur- 
dered. Some  days  before  that  he  had  been  reported  drugged  and 
robbed,  and  a  man  named  McDonald,  a  su])posed  tramp,  had  been 
arrested  and  lodged  in  jail,  being  suspected  as  one  of  the  robbers. 
His  trial  was  to  come  off  in  a  few  days,  and  just  before  that  event 
Dr.  Brown  was  found  dead,  as  stated,  and  it  was  thought  that  some 
friend  or  chum  of  McDonald  had  murdered  him  to  prevent  his  ap- 
pearing against  the  latter.  The  friends  and  neighbors  were  in- 
tensely excited  over  the  occurrence,  and  as  the  pnblichad  naturally 
become  alarmed  over  the  reiterated  reports  of  outrages  committed 
by  tramps  in  other  parts  of  the  country,  the  excitement  spread  rap- 
idly. A.  rigid  search  was  instituted  fur  the  su]iposed  murderer  and 
kept  up  for  days,  but  no  one  being  discovered,  the  friends  deter- 
mined to  wreak  summary  vengeance  upon  the  prisoner,  McDonald. 
A  number  of  them  mustered  a  short  distance  from  town,  with  the 
avowed  determination  to  march  in  after  nightfall,  break  open  the 
jail,  and  seize  and  lynch  the  prisoner.  It  was  impossible  for  the 
sheriff"  to  remove  him  to  another  place  of  confinement,  as  the  roads 
were  watched;  whereupon  the  authorities  communicated  with  Gov- 
ernor Cullom,  and  by  his  authority  the  militia  companies  were 
called  out,  and  a  strong  force  placed  to  protect  the  jail.  For  the 
first  few  nights  the  alarm  was  kept  up,  but  fortunately  the  prompt 
action  of  the  authorities  had  the  desired  effect.  No  attack  was  made, 
and  the  excitement  quieted  down.  The  result  of  the  trial,  which 
took  ])lace  a  short  time  afterward,  ]iroved  the  man  McDonald  en- 
tirely innocent  of  the  charge  of  robbing,  and  consetjuently  he  had 
no  motive  for  the  killing  of  Dr.  Brown,  and  he  was  discharged. 
This  was  the  iirst  serious  attempt  of  the  people  to  take  the  law  into 
their  own  hands,  and  the  result  of  the  trial  will  go  far  toward  pre- 
venting a  similar  occurrence  in  the  future.  Had  the  attenii>t  i»roved 
successful  it  is  certain  that  an  innocent  man  would  have  been  sac- 
rificed. The  citizens  are  proverbially  law-abiding,  and  the  INIcDon- 
ald  emeute  was  as  unex])ccted  as  it  was  unusual.  The  conduct  of 
the  militia  during  the  trying  occasion  elicited  the  praise  of  the 
community. 


6(»S  HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY. 

Several  attempts  have  been  made  by  jjrisuners  to  escape,  aid ifVer- 
eiit  times,  and  altlii»iij;li  sinne  of  tljoin  liave  succeeded  in  cutting 
their  way  out,  they  have  been  recaptured  after  a  short  pursuit. 

CliritCHE*;. 

The  history  of  the  Congregatnmal  Church  is  iutiniately  associ- 
ated with  that  of  the  early  ilays  of  the  town.  It  was  organized 
with  a  iiuMiibt'rship  of  twelve,  and  first  worshiped  in  the  Court- 
Iloiise.  Rev.  William  Carter  was  the  lirst  minister  in  char^^e,  and 
devoted  lonj^  years  of  taithful  and  I'arnest  work.  The  lirst  church 
building  was  erected  in  ls3S,  but  in  a  few  years  it  proved  too  snuill 
for  the  conirrepitit>n.  The  Pastor,  aided  by  Col.  Il<j8s  and  other 
members,  ilecitled  to  erect  a  larijer ••dilice,  and  the  present  structure 
wa."'  i»uilt  and  iledicated  in  1^4<'l.  They  were  a^siste<l  in  the  ^ood 
work  l)y  Eastern  friends.  A  pr<»ject  is  now  on  foot  for  the  erection 
of  a  lar^  new  buildin^j,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  work  will  bo 
acctunplished  at  an  early  day.  Rev.  W  \V.  R.i.-e  is  the  present 
Pastor,  and  is  an  earnest  wttrker. 

'ilic  C/i nut i'ln  C/iurrh,  lutw  one  of  the  lar<^'st  and  most  pros- 
perous in  the  citv,  was  or:;anized  in  18:il>  with  twelve  members, 
the  first  Pastor  Immu^  Elder  \V.  II.  Stron<;.  At  first  they  wor- 
shiped in  a  small  fnime  buildinjf  which  was  afterward  used  as  a 
school-house,  and  Ion;;  ocenpied  the  lot  in  the  rear  of  Jud^e  Ui^- 
bee's  residence.  It  was  afterward  rcinttveil  to  the  lot  opposite 
\\  ni.  Henry  I  larder's,  and  havinp  l>eeii  refitte<l  nicely,  it  is  now 
«>ccupied  bv  the  (ierman  I^utheran  con;;re;;atioj».  The  jiresent 
Christian  ciiurch  was  built  in  l^S*!,  and  has  one  of  the  largest 
audience  r«K»ms  in  the  city,  with  Stuiday-sclu)ol  rooms,  etc.,  in  the 
lower  story.  The  Church  luus  no  Pjistor,  liev.  II.  I).  (Mark,  the  late 
Pastor,   bavin;;    acce)it<'d  »  call    to    a  Church    in    15altim<»re.  Md. 

The  Mtf/iodht  A/)iJi<'oj)'il  Churrh  was  or^aniz«'d  at  about  the 
same  date  a.s  the  above  (  hurch.  The  first  building  was  of  brick, 
small  and  unpretending;,  and  occupie<l  the  site  «>f  the  present  hand- 
some edifice.  The  proi;ress  of  the  Church  was  slow,  but  a  few 
faithful  ones  worked  on  hopefully.  Tin?  present  buihlin;;  was 
erected  in  ls7<!,  at  a  c«»st  of  about  $PJ,OO0,  Miss  Lucy  Williams 
and  Mrs.  William  Wills,  two  earnest  Christian  women,  contribut- 
iiij;  most  of  that  sum.  The  success  of  the  undertaking;,  however, 
w;is  lari;ely  due  to  the  eueri;y  and  perseverance  of  the  Pastor,  Rev. 
W.  F.  (Tillmore.  who  commenced  the  work  with  small  be;;innin;^8, 
but  remained  to  see  it  completed  and  dediaited.  The  Church  now 
has  a  lar;;e  membership,  is  in  a  prosjHjrons  condition,  and  is 
blessed  with  an  efUcietit  minister,  Uev.  ^i.  Auer. 

Thv  Baj>f*'st  ('/iur>-h  v^a.-^  or;;anized  in  ls39,  and  the  house  of 
worshiji  was  l»uilt  of  brick,  and  still  stands  u|K»n  its  ori;;inal  site.  For 
many  years  it  was  amon;;  the  leadin;;  Church  organizations  in  the 
town,  but  of  late  years  it  has  not  been   so  prosperous.     It  is  now 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  669 

witliout  a  regular  Pastor,  but  meetings  are  regulaHj  held,  and  a 
call  has  Ijeen  extended  to  a  new  minister. 

St.  Step/iens  Episcopal  Church  was  built  in  1S52,  Hon.  Wm. 
A.  Grimshaw  being  the  principal  j)atron.  Rev.  Mr.  Little  is  the 
Rector  of  the  Parish,  and  is  a  cultivated  gentleman   and   minister. 

The  first  Roman  Catholic  Church  was  built  in  1850,  Rev.  Mr. 
Dempsey  being  the  first  Priest  in  charge.  It  was  a  wooden  build- 
ing, which  was  subsequently  removed  to  make  room  for  the  new 
church,  and  is  now  on  a  lot  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  street,  and 
used  as  J.  H.  Wheeling's  auction  room.  The  present  brick  build- 
ing was  erected  in  1809,  and  was  remodeled  during  the  past  year, 
and  the  steeple  erected.  The  Church  being  the  only  one  of  that 
faith  in  the  county,  has  a  large  meml>ership,  and  is  well  attended. 
The  present  Pastor  is  Rev.  Father  Hoven,  a  man  of  ability  and 
energy.  It  is  probable  the  ciiurch  building  will  be  enlarged  at  an 
early  day,  to  accommodate  the  growing  congregation. 

The  Presbyterian  Church.,  which  had  been  closed  for  some  years, 
was  recently  re-opened,  with  Rev.  J.  P.  Dawson  as  Pastor.  The 
congregation  still  worships  in  the  building  first  erected,  and  now 
gives  promise  of  new  life  and  usefulness. 

The  German  Methodist  Church  was  not  organized  until  1869, 
when  the  society  was  drawn  together,  and  the  present  brick  struc- 
ture erected.  It  is  now  in  a  very  prosperous  condition,  being  out 
of  debt  and  with  a  united  membership.  Rev.  M.  Thalenhorst  is 
the  Pastor,  who  is  proving  a  very  acceptable  minister. 

A  Church  oi  Latter- Day  Saints  wsi&  organized  in  1862  by  Elder 
Lytle.  Meetings  have  since  been  lield  at  the  houses  of  the  mem- 
bers, but  now  the  society  is  erecting  a  church  building  which  will 
be  completed  and  dedicated  early  in  the  spring. 

The  Hebrews  number  several  families,  but  as  yet  have  no  regular 
place  of  worship.  On  the  11th  of  May,  1879,  they  organized  a 
Sabbath-school,  of  which  Mr.  Albert  Fishell  is  Superintendent,  and 
L.  D.  ilirsheimer,  Secretai-y.  There  are  some  13  children  on  the 
rolls,  and  meetin<j:s  are  held  in  a  room  in  the  Odd  Fellows  buildin";. 

SECRET    SOCIETIES. 

In  1848  Pittsfield  Lodge,  No.  56,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  was  organized, 
the  first  Master  being  Michael  J.  Noyes,  for  many  years  a  promi- 
nent and  respected  citizen.  Union  Chapter  No.  10,  R.  A.  M.,  was 
organized  in  1859.  Ascalou  Commandery  K.  T.  was  organized  in 
1876,  F.  M.  Casal,  E.  C.  The  Masonic  bodies  are  in  a  very  pros- 
perous condition,  the  Lodge  and  Chaj^ter  owning  a  fine  hall,  and 
the  Commandery  another  adjoining.  The  officers  of  the  Lodge 
now  are  W.  B.  Grimes,  W.  M.;  Thos.  Worthington,  jr.,  S.  W.;G. 
W.  Shaw,  J,  W. ;  C.  R.  Lame,  Sec;  of  the  Chapter,  W.  B.  Grimes 
is  II.  P.;  Wm.  Steers,  E.  K. ;  J.  A.  Rider,  E.  S.  Secretary;  of  the 
Commandery,  F.  M.  Casal  is  E.  C.  and  V.  A.  Grimes,  Rec. 

The  Odd  Fellows  have  always  been  a  popular  order  in  this  city. 
Pittsfield  Lodge,  No.  95,  was  organized  in  1851  with  a  small  mem- 
bership.    The  first  officers  were  Samuel  Smith,  N.  G.;  R.  L.  How- 


070 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY. 


ard,  V.  (t.;  Jolin  Hawkins,  Sec.  and  X.  Kelley,  Treasurer.  It  has 
piiice  L'rowii  steadilv,  ami  now  has  a  hir«:f  nuuiher  of  inenil)ers. 
Sitine  yt'ars  ap»>  a  (it'rinaii  liodye  wascoiisolidiittMl  with  tlit'  ))resent 
Ixuly.  Thf  oilicors  an-  .1.  L.  l)«»hhin,  N.  Ci.;  J.  JI.  McClintock, 
y.  (t.;  1>.  I'.  Fi>k,  SfO.,  and  K.  L.  Shriver.  Treas.  The  Eneanjp- 
nient,  which  was  organized  Oct.,  1865,  is  also  in  a  jfuod  condition, 
l»ut  the  increase  in  inenil»ert»hip  has  been  slow.  The  Odd  Fellows 
own  their  hall,  which  is  the  handsomest  in  the  town,  hein^  beauli- 
tullv  df<*oratfd  an<l  ^urni^lu•d. 

'Ihe  A.  O.  r.  W.  also  have  a  very  tloiirishing  L»)di;e.  It  was 
organized  in  April,  1878,  with  a  nienil>crshij)  ot"  twenty-live.  Dr. 
C.  II.  I)t»Ks,  M.  W.  It  has  ^rown  steadily  since  then,  the  endow- 
ment feature  pruviuif  a  very  iMtpular  one.  The  present  ..tlicir^  ;ire 
B.  Ilirsheimer,  M.  W.;  ().  W  .  Itayhurn,  Kec. 

The  I.  O.  M.  A.,  a  heneticial  society  also,  was  chartered  ahout  a 
year  and  a  half  ajjo.  It«  pr<»«rre^s  has  heen  slow  hut  steady,  and  it 
has  •^ood  material  amon^  it«  memi>ership. 

The  Knights  of  Honor  organized  a  Lo<lue  in  1879,  and  have  a 
f^Hn\  meml>ership,  umstly  young  men.  These  three  last  named 
Bocietieemeet  in  Odd  Fellows  Hall. 


UIOUK.M>IIIC\L  DKI'AKTMK.NT. 

As  a  part  of  the  history  of  the  town  ami  township,  wc  irive  per- 
sonal sketches  of  the  old  settlers  and  leading  citizens. 

haiah  AJut/nt,  farmer,  sec.  26;  owiib  SO  acres  of  land,  worth  $75 
per  acre;  is  a  native  of  New  V(»rk  and  was  horn  Jan.  5,  1806; 
came  to  this  Slate  in  184*2,  and  settled  where  he  n<»w  rei»i«les.  Feb. 
14,  18.'m^.  he  marrie«l  .\nna  Ix'stcr,  who  was  Imrn  in  IsCt*,  in  Con- 
neetieut;  they  are  the  pariMitg  of  7  children,  5  living,namely,  Anna 
.\.,.Iohn  v.,  Martha  L.,  Huell  K.  and  Ordla  S.;  Mancy  an(l  Isaiah, 
«lec.  Mr.  .\.  has  l)een  Koad  Commissioner.  Is  a  member  of  the 
Con    •     -!*it»nal  Church,  and  a  Uejiublican. 

C  i>/ur  Aj>j)l<ton,  inniwr   and  stoek-tlealer,  sec.  11;    P.O., 

Pittstield;  is  the  owner  of  176  acres  of  fine  land,  worth  $75  j)er 
acre.  Mr.  A.  is  the  son  of  Christopher  and  Elizabeth  A]i]»leton, 
native.".  i>i'  England,  anfl  was  born  Dec.  1*J,  IslS;  came  with  his 
parents  to  America  in  1>19  and  settled  in  Pennsvlvania,  remaining 
17  years.  Thev  then  moved  to  Missouri,  and  in  1872  to  this 
connty.  Mr.  Appleton  handles  alxiut  100  head  of  cattle  ]»er  year, 
and  raises  ho;rs  and  other  6t<»ck.  He  was  marrie<l  in  Mis-ouri  in 
ls45  t«»  Charlotta  Stennett,  l»orn  in  N'irginia  in  18*J7.  and  they 
have  had  2  children,  only  1  living, — Anna  E.,  now  wife  of  J.  S. 
SellslK.'ry.    Mr.  A.  is  a  liaptist.  and  an  Odd  Fellow. 

Hon.  William  H.  Archer,  .Vttorney  at  Law  and  State  Senator, 
was  born  in  New  York  city  Aj>ril  13,  \s\1\  his  parents  were  Rich- 
aril  P.,  a  merchant,  and  Jane  i^Alcocki  Archer,  a  native  «>f  Ireland. 
His  preliminary  education  was  obtained  at  Flushing.  L.  I.,  whence 
he  removed  to  New  York  citv,  where  he  studied   law  under  John 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  671 

L.  Lfiwreiice.  and  was  admitted  to  tlie  New  York  Bar  Fel).  23, 
1838.  ^[ay  10  of  the  same  year  he  settled  in  Pittslield,  where  in 
August  following  he  was  admitted  to  the  Illinois  J3arand  soon  had 
an  extensive  practice;  in  1847  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con- 
stitutional Convention  from  Pike  county,  in  which  capacity  he 
evinced  sterling  fjualities;  that  was  a  trying  time,  as  the  question 
of  township  organization  was  then  beginning  to  agitate  the  ])eoplc. 
Mr.  Archer  was  Circuit  Clerk  and  Recorder  from  1856  to  1860. 
lie  was  then  elected  Representative  in  the  State  Legislature  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  with  Benj.  F.  DeWitt,  and  re])resented  the 
counties  of  Pike  and  Brown ;  in  1869  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention,  which  met  the  following  year, 
and  in  1872  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  from  the  38th  District, 
comprising  the  counties  of  Pike,  Scott  and  Calhoun;  in  1876  he 
was  re-elected  to  the  same  position,  his  present  term  expiring  next 
November.  lie  was  a  member  of  the  Joint  Commission  appointed 
by  the  Legislature  of  i877  to  ascertain  the  datnages  arising  to  pri- 
vate property  in  lands  by  the  construction  of  dams  on  the  Wabash 
and  Illinois  rivers;  this  Commission  consisted  of  2  Senators  and  3 
Representatives,  and  they  held  sessions  from  July  9,  1877,  to  De- 
cember 10  of  the  same  year,  at  Springfield.  Out  of  $185,000  dam- 
ages claimed,  the  Commission  awarded  about  $30,000,  to  pay  which 
an  appropriation  was  made  by  the  last  session  of  the  Legislature. 
Subsequently-  Mr.  Archer  discovered  a  law  passed  in  1847,  affecting 
claims  entirely  disconnected  with  the  work  of  this  Commission, 
which  law  had  been  obsolete  for  10  years,  and  not  brought  forward 
in  the  revisions.  It  was  a  statute  of  limitations  which  had  the 
effect  to  bar  over  $2,000,000  of  claims  presented  to  the  Court  of 
Claims.  (This  court  consists  of  the  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  and  two  Circuit  Judges.)  This  statute,  with  a  written  argu- 
ment in  brief,  Mr.  A.  presented  to  the  Attorney  General,  and  at 
his  request  he  argued  the  case  before  the  Court,  which  sustained 
the  statute,  and  thus  barred  over  $2,000,000  of  the  claims.  For  all 
this  service  Mr.  A.  did  not  receive  a  single  dollar.  Mr.  Archer 
has  recently  been  nominated  for  Governor  of  the  State  by  several 
influential  newspapers,  and  the  Old  Flag^  an  opposition  paper  in 
politics,  says  that  Mr.  A.  is  too  good  a  man  to  be  set  up  by  a  mi- 
nority party,  simply  to  be  knocked  over. 

Feb.  1,  1838,  Mr.  Archer  married  Miss  Anna  Maria  Smith, 
daughter  of  Jonas  Smith,  a  former  resident  of  Long  Island,  N.  Y. ; 
she  died  Sept.  26,  1859,  leaving  7  children,  5  of  whom  are  living; 
he  was  again  married  Dec.  15,  1860,  to  Henrietta  E.  Sergeant, 
daughter  of  Col.  Aaron  Sergeant,  of  New  York  city,  and  they  have 
had  one  child. 

Samuel  Atvjood,  farmer,  sec.  25,  owns  240  acres  of  land  worth 
$60  per  acre;  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1821;  came  to  Pike  county 
1854,  and  settled  near  where  he  now  resides.  In  1851  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Eliza  J.  Cluifly,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1831;  they  are  the 
parents  of  10  children,  of  whom  6  are  livitig, — William  T.,  James 


672 


niSTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY 


A.,  Charles  E.,  Alia  A.,  Nannie  M.   and  Saimiel   F,     Mr.  A.  is  a 
Denioerut;  his  tatiu'r  was  in  the  war  of  Is  12, 

Austin  Ji<nhei\  retired  farmer,  residence,  Pittstield;  was  horn 
in  Oiiio  in  Oct.,  1809;  his  Hrst  occnpation  was  that  of  clerk  in  a 
dry-goods  store;  came  to  Illinois  in  1833  and  settieii  in  Pittstield; 
he  Chtahlished  oneof  the  first  dry-nroods  iiouses  here,  which  hu.-iness 
he  continue*!  until  ls41,  then  went  to  Florence  tor  5  years,  then 
retnrne<l  to  Pitthtield  a;^ain  and  purchase<l  a  farm,  comprising  150 
acres  of  tine  farm  land«»ne  mile  from  Pittstield;  he  carried  on  farm- 
in";  until  ls7o.  In  1^3n  he  nuirried  Caroline  .lolmsou,  who  was 
horti  in  Missouri  in  \S\\\\  they  are  the  parents  of  ♦»  children,  3  hovs 
and  W  jjirls;  tlie  3  jfirls  are  deceased.  The  sons  all  served  in  tJie 
late  war.  Mr.  A.  is  a  meinl>er  of  the  Christian  Church,  and  a  Ite- 
pulilic^n. 

J'Aiward  y.  Jiiuns^  County  Clerk,  is  a  son  of  Randolph  and 
Eli/.aln'th  (NIcGlosson)  Hinns,  hoth  natives  of  \'ir^inia.  Thev 
were  among  tiie  pioneers  of  this  county,  having  emigrated  here  as 
early  as  ls:i.').  Kdward  F.  was  horn  in  this  county,  .lati.  23,  1841; 
he  j)a8se<I  his  hoyhood  (lays  noon  the  t'arni  and  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  at  the  age  «tf  *J3  he  eml)arked  in  business  for  himself, 
iK^ginning  at  that  time  to  buv  and  ship  stock,  cattle,  iiogs,  sheep 
and  horses.  These  lie  shipped  mostly  tt>  the  Chicago  market.  He 
then  engaged  in  the  mercantile  husiness  for  a  period  (»f  a  year  and 
a  half,  lie  ha.*,  held  the  ollices  of  tcjwnship  Collect(»r  and  Assessor, 
and  in  1S77  was  elected  to  the  res|x)nsihle  position  which  he  now 
holds.  In  18<>8  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Orpha  Norton, 
wht»  was  l)orn  in  Indiana  in  April.  1>40.  To  thetn  were  horn  3 
children, —  L«»uisa,  William  S.  and  liertha.  Mr.  Ji.  is  a  member  of 
the  Masonic  fraternity,  and  an  active  and  prominent  meml>er  of  the 
Christian  Chnrch. 

^  W.  lihuleM,  of  the  tirm  of  Dobcri^'  IJlacIes,  grocers,  established 
by  E.  W.  Blades  ;  the  co-partnership  was  fortncd  in  1871*  and  is 
one  of  the  most  reliable  and  successful  firms  in  Pittstield.  Mr.  Ij. 
is  a  native  of  Delaware  and  was  lx»rn  in  1834.  He  came  to  tiiis 
county  in  iS.^lJand  locAte<i  at  Parry,  wliere  he  remained  nntil  1876, 
during  which  time  he  was  engage<i  in  the  dry-goods  business.  His 
prci^ent  h»cation  is  on  the  north  side  of  the  Public  Square,  Pitts- 
tield. He  was  electetl  Sheriff  in  1876  and  served  with  credit  nntil 
Mr.  Kellogg,  tlie  present  Sheriff,  was  chosen.  He  was  married 
Julv  24,  ISoO.  to  Pho'be  A,  Hammon<l. 

James  7*.  IiUikt\  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  ().,  Pittstield:  was  born  in 
tills  county  in  1S44;  was  married  in  1865  to  Miss  Melinda  Kichanls, 
a  native  of  this  county,  who  died  in  1876,  leaving  one  child,  Elnore. 
His  ])rosent  wife,  Caroline  Rookerd,  is  also  a  native  of  this  county 
an<l  was  born  in  1854;  they  have  one  child,  E«lward;  they  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Christian  Church,  and  Mr.  Plake  is  well  known  through- 
out the  county  as  one  of  Pike's  enterprising  farmers. 

Henry  Blei,  farmer,  sec.  25;  is  a  native  of  Ireland.  lx»rn  in  1826; 
came  to  America  in  1S45  and  settled  in  Calhoun  county,  HI.,  the 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  673 

same  year,  and  remained  10  years;  came  to  tliis  county  in  1864; 
owns  140  acres  of  land  worth  $50  per  acre.  In  1852  he  married  in 
Calhoun  county;  his  wife  died  in  July,  1877,  leaving  a  family  of  8 
children,  of  whom  6  are  living.  Their  names  are,  Fred,  Ilenrv  J., 
Katie  E.,  Emma  J.,  Frank  L.  and  Charles  E.  Mr.  B.  is  a  Demo- 
crat,    r.  O.,  Pittstield. 

Rev.  Wm.  Oarfer,  for  many  years  Pastor  of  the  Congregational 
Church  of  Pittstield,  was  an  eminent  man.  lie  was  born  at  New 
Canaan,  Conn.,  Dec.  31,  1803.  His  parents  were  Ebenezer  and 
Rhoda  ("Weed)  Carter,  lie  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1828  and 
subsequently  at  the  theological  school  of  the  same  institution,  lie 
and  several  fellow  students  soon  became  the  founders  of  the  Illinois 
College  at  Jacksonville,  111.,  and  Mr.  Carter  himself  took  charge 
of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Jacksonville,  the  first  church  of 
this  denomination  west  of  Ohio  (1833).  This  church  pros])ered 
greatly  under  his  pastoral  care,  but  in  1838  he  resigned  the  charge 
and  soon  afterward  became  pastor  of  the  Congregational  Church  of 
Pittsfield,  111.,  where  he  continued  until  1868,  laboring  acceptablv, 
not  only  at  this  place  but  also  at  Summer  Hill  and  Rockport.  lie 
died  Feb.  2,  1871,  at  Pittsfield,  and  his  death  was  mourned  by 
the  whole  community.  During  his  life  he  was  also  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Chicao^o  Theoloorical  Seminary,  was 
one  ot  the  organizers  of  the  General  Association  of  Illinois,  and 
held  many  other  responsible  positions,  .  He  is  regarded  as  the 
father  of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Pittsfield.  His  widow  is 
still  living  in  Pittsfield, 

Dr.  F .  M.  Casal,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  Sept.  20,  1842;  emigrated  in  1848  to  Palmyra,  Mo.; 
educated  in  the  public  high  school  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  Washing- 
ton University;  graduated  at  Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago,  in 
1864;  also  attended  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical  College,  and  the 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  New  York  city;  and,  after 
spending  three  and  a  half  years  on  the  Pacific  ocean,  he  located  in 
Pittsfield  in  the  summer  of  1868,  where  he  has  since  remained  in 
medical  [)ractice.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Adams  County  Medical 
Society,  and  of  the  Illinois  State  Medical  Society.  The  Doc- 
tor has  also  been  a  member  of  the  Town  Board  for  three  years, 
and  President  of  the  Board  two  years.  In  the  Masonic  order, 
he  is  Past  Master  of  the  Lodge  of  Pittsfield,  No.  56,  High  Priest 
of  Union  Chapter  No.  10,  R.  A.  M.,  and  Eminent  Comman- 
der of  Ascalon  Commandery,  K.  T.  Aug.  9,  1870,  Dr.  Casal 
married  Amelia,  daughter  of  B.  II.  Atkinson,  ^f  Pittsfield, 
and  his  children  are  :  Mary,  born  Nov.  28,  1871;  Annie,  Jan.  27, 
1874;  and  Isabel,  August  24,  1877. 

Isaac  A.  Clare,  County  Surveyor,  son  of  Moses  F.  and  Mary 
(Brown)  Clare,  natives  of  Kentucky,  was  born  in  this  county  Sept. 
5,  1S35.  At  the  age  of  16  he  devoted  his  time  and  attention 
to  civil  engineering,  for  which  profession  he  had  received  a  thor- 
ough education.     In  1875  he  was  elected  County  Surveyor  of  Pike 


074  HISTOKY    OK    PIKE   OOrN"n'. 

coiiiitv,  aii<l  8nl»sequently  re -i- lee  tod,  uiul  liolds  the  jtn.^itioii  ut  the 
itreseiit  time,  lie  wiis  iiiiirried  in  this  county  in  1^70,  to  Rebecca 
Welch,  !i  native  of  Waterdale  county,  Ala.,  who  was  horn  in  1S47. 
They  liave  had  a  taniily  of  three  children,  two  of  whom  are  living. 
Tljcir  names  are  Moses  Js.  and  Alma.  Allen  is  deceased.  Mr.  C. 
is  u  memher  of  the  Masonic  aiui  Odd  Fellows  fraternities,  a  ITni- 
versalist  in  reli|;ion,  and  politically  a  Democrat. 

Moses  /'.  i'Uire^  hlacksmith.  Pittsiield,  is  a  native  of  Kentucky, 
where  he  was  horn  Oct.  JS,  IsH;  came  to  this  ctuinty  and  set- 
tled at  Atlas  as  early  as  ls;{2,  wliere  he  retnaine(|  u?itil  1835, 
wljen  he  moved  to  Pittsfield,  hein^  one  of  the  lirot  settlers 
here.  lie  attendotl  the  first  sale  of  t«)wn  lots,  May  1,  1833.  He 
learned  the  hlacksmith's  trade  in  St.  Louis.  In  June,  1833,  in  this 
county,  he  was  united  in  m:irriaj;e  with  Maria  Krown,  a  native  of 
Kentucky.  They  are  the  parents  of  4  children,  '2  living', —  Isjuic 
A.  and  Moses  II.  Those  ileceiised  were  Francis  ().  and  Henry  T. 
Mr.  C  is  a  memher  (»f  the  Masonic  onler,  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  are 
memlK'rs  of  the  M,  lv  Church. 

T/ioni't.i  Cltirltmn,  fanner  and  stoek-raiser,  sec.  2'K  ownini;  ISO 
acres  of  lan«l,  was  horn  in  Kn^land  May  "2^,  1^2(^;  raised  on  alarm; 
married  in  Kni^land  in  1844,  to  Fann}*  Kod^jers,  horn  in  Kn^land  in 
I8l8;  they  are  the  parents  «.f  4  chihiren.  Mr.  (Marksoti  came 
to  the  United  States  iti  l.^.M,  settling  in  this  county  ;  I*.  O.,  Pitts 
field.      Mr.  ('.  is  a  KepuMican. 

O.  G.  Clint  is  a  farmtT  l»y  occupation,  thou|;h  at  })re6ent  he  is 
Superintendent  of  the  County  Po<»r,  this  heinj;  the  secnn(l  term  he 
he  has  held  the  otlice.  He  nwns  1(>0  acres  of  land  in  Marli:i.-hur<' 
ti>.,  sec.  3,  valued  at  ;f4<»  jht  acre.  He  was  horn  in  Scott  c<Minty. 
111.,  March  26,  1843;  married  in  Pike  county  in  184J>,  Lucretia 
Meltoit,  who  was  born  in  Virginia.  They  have  4  children  —  l.Ki<m 
Lester.  (Jlenn  M..  Alverdia  atid  Fred  K.      P.  ()..  Pittsfield. 

Ilmciird  C'u/tenoiir,  farmer,  sec.  1;  I*.  (-).,  Pittsfield;  was  horn  in 
1851,  in  this  county,  and  is  a  son  of  Jacob  and  Jane  Cohenour,  na- 
tives of  Pennsvlvania,  who  emiijrated  to  Pike  county  in  1S36,  where 
they  remained  until  their  death.  Aj)ril  2,  1872,  Mr.  (\  marrifd 
Mary  A.  Cop,  who  wiis  l>orn  in  lowa  Dec.  29,  1852.  They  are  the 
parents  of  4  children,  viz,:  Jacoh,  Gertrude  E.,  William  and  Ira 
S.  His  «;randtather  on  his  father's  side,  wa.s  in  the  war  of  1812. 
Mr.  C.  belons^s  to  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

Albert  CV>/<:'y,  blacksmith,  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  born  in  1^29, 
and  is  a  son  of  Wm.  P.  and  Elizal^oth  (McClanei  Coley,  the 
former  a  native  of  Virginia,  and  the  latter  of  Kentucky.  He 
came  to  thi>  county  iu  1853,  first  settlinff  in  Atlas  tp.,  and  in  l8G7 
moved  to  Wi.sconsin.  where  he  remained  4  years,  then  came  hack 
to  Pittstiehl,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  learned  hi>  trade  at 
the  ap:e  of  27  years,  which  he  has  always  followed.  In  1857  he  mar- 
ried Mary  A.  Sanders,  a  native  of  New  York,  born  in  1832,  and 
they  have  had  (\  children;  2  are  living,  Minnie  J.  and  Charles  A. 
The  names   of  the  deceased   are  Lucy,  Ella.  Geor<(e  and  Abigail. 


piTTsriELQ  rr 


HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY.  677 

Mr.  C.'s  father  was  in  the  war  of  1812,  for  wliich  he  received  a 
pension  tliruui^h  life.  Mr.  C  owns  3  lotsinPittstield,  one  witli  shop, 
and  "1  with  dwelling-  houses. 

Jametf  Cosyrove^  fanner,  sec.  4;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  was  l)orn  in 
Ireland  in  1812,  and  came  to  America  in  1840,  settling  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  until  1865,  wlien  he  moved  to  Pennsylvania^  where  he 
followed  teaming.  Two  years  afterward  he  settled  in  this  county, 
and  followed  farming  3  years.  By  frugality  and  energy  he  was 
enabled  to  purchase  his  present  farm  in  this  tp.,  where  he  lias 
since  made  his  home.  In  1836  he  married  Miss  Margaret 
McDermott,  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  they  have  7  children, — Lllen, 
Joseph,  Christopher,  Dora,  James,  Bridget  and  Thomas.  Mr. 
C.  is  a  member  of  the  Catholic  Church,  and  a  staunch  Democrat. 

James  Coulter,  farmer,  sec.  19;  was  born  in  Ireland  March  6, 
1829,  brought  by  his  parents  to  the  United  States  in  1831,  und  at 
the  age  of  21  he  came  to  this  county.  Aug.  5,  1859,  he  married 
Mary  Jane  AVhite.  His  father,  John  Coulter,  resides  on  the  farm 
now  owned  and  occupied  by  his  son  James.  Mr.  C.  owns  101 
acres  of  land,  worth  $50  per  acre.  He  has  been  School  Director 
for  9  years,  and  is  a  successful  farmer;  is  a  Democrat.  P.  O., 
Pittsfield. 

William  Coulter,  farmer,  sec.  19;  was  born  in  Tuscarawas 
county,  O.,  and  came  to  Pike  county.  111.,  in  the  spring  of  1853. 
Jan.  9,  1868,  he  married  Miss  Lydia  Hoskin,  and  they  have  6 
children,  namely:  Laura,  Anna,  Eliza,  Minnie  M.,  Letitia  and 
Charles  Sherman.  Mr.  C.  owns  160  acres  of  land  worth  $50  per 
acre.  Mr.  C.  takes  great  pride  in  raising  good  stock  ;  also  raises 
considerable  wheat  and  corn,  which  he  disposes  of  at  home  market. 
In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat.     P.  O.,  Pittsfield. 

A.  G.  Crawford,  attorney,  is  the  second  son  of  J.  G.  Crawford, 
who  settled  in  this  count}'  in  1830,  where  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  1854.  He  was  educated  in  the  Blackburn  University 
at  Carlinville,  and  began  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  the 
State's  Attorney  at  Pittsfield.  In  1875  he  entered  the  law  school 
at  Chicago,  at  which  institution  he  was  graduated  the  following 
year.  fn  1876  he  married  J\[ary  E.,  daughter  of  Dr.  W.  C. 
Doan,  who  died  in  Oct.,  1877.  Mr.  C.  is  yet  young  in  years,  and 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  but  his  native  ability  and  energy 
will  insure  him  success. 

Elder  TF!  H.  Crow,  County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  was 
born  March  12,  1848,  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  son  of  Charles  and 
Margaret  (Hughes)  Crow,  the  former  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and 
the  latter  of  Virginia,  who  settled  in  AVheeling  in  1845,  but  emigrated 
to  Huron  county,  Ohio,  when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  very 
young;  in  1857  they  removed  to  Clark  county.  Mo.,  and  in  1869 
to  Macon  county.  111.  Mr.  Crow's  mother  died  two  years  ago,  and 
his  father  resides  in  Sullivan,  111.  At  the  age  of  17  W.  H.  left  the 
])arental  domicile  to  take  care  of  himself,  and  graduated  in  1872  at 
Eureka  College,  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  and  was  ordained  a  minister  of  the 

39 


678  HISTuRV    OF    PIKE    COINTY. 

Gospel  in  the  Christian  Church,  sliortlv  after  wliich  he  hccjinie 
Pastor  of  the  Christiiin  Cluirch  at  Hurry,  this  conntv.  He  coni- 
inence<l  preachiiii;,  liuwever,  in  J^Iacun  county,  in  1S66.  Since 
1878  Mr.  Crow  is  by  jelection.  County  Superintendent  of  Schools. 
In  1869  Mr.  C.  married  Miss  X.  ClarK,  a  native  of  Illinois. 
Residence,  Pittstield. 

John  CurUis,  ST.,  tartner,  sec.  9;  1*.  < ).,  Pittrtield:  is  a  native  of 
Ohio,  and  \v:is  Iwjrn  in  1"^'J5;  came  to  this  Stjite  in  1851  ;  was  mar- 
ried in  Ohio  in  1845,  to  Elizaheth  Girt^jn,  who  was  born  in  Ohio 
in  1828.  They  have  7  chihln'ii,  viz.:  (Jeorj^'e,  Timothy,  Sjinih  A., 
John,  Stephen,  Thomas  an<l  Jes-ic.  Mr.  (\  is  a  .Methodist,  and  a 
Democrat.      His  j)arents  were  natives  of  New  Jersey. 

John  CurUss,  jr.,  farmer,  owning  3  acres  of  land  with  a  nice 
dwelling  ;  he  is  a  8on  of  Al>iah  and  Anna  (^Ililh  Curlcss.  He  is  a 
native  i»f  Ohio,  an<i  was  l»orn  in  18')4;  came  to  this  State  in  l*^^tO; 
was  marricil  in  187^  to  Kmily  1*\  Dell,  a  native  of  this  State,  born 
in    i>>*Vi\  they  have  one   child.  Ina    Pearl,  lK>rn  Oct.,    ls79.     Mr. 

C.  16  a  Ile)>ublican. 

Oahorti  Davif,  farmer,  sec.  12;  1*.  ().,  i'lttstield  ;  owns  IfiO  acres 
of  land.  Worth  $3.'>  j>er  acre;  was  lK»rn  in  iVMinsylvjinia  in  1>21; 
came  to  Illinois  in  1S45,  KK»te<l  the  same  year  in  I'itthfield,  where 
he  has  since  resideil;  was  married  in  this  county  almut  the  jear 
1S47,  to  Susan  Troutlett,  who  wa.s  l>orn  in  Ohio  in  1825.  She  is 
•leceased.  He  was  marricil  a  second  time,  iiamelv.  to  Miss  Louisa 
Troutlett,  also  a  nutive  of  Ohio.  They  have  lo  chiMren.  »!ilv  4  of 
whom  are  living. 

Tfvmas  Dii'kson  tl*  ^t>w,  dealers  in  dry-goods  and  clothing;  the 
senior  meinl>er  of  this  firm  came  to  this  ciuinty  in  1^37,  and  for 
14  years  workeil  at  the  t^iilor's  trade.  In  ls50  he  visited  the 
Iio<"ky  Mountains;  after  returning,  he  clerkeil  for  Ross  &  Gay, 
and  Watson  ^k  Abbott.  Subse«juently  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
W.  Abl>ott.  Three  years  afterward  Watson  retired,  and  Gay  was 
admitted  to  tlu'  firm.  In  18G0  the  firm  dissolved,  and  he  opened 
his  present  place.  His  son  was  a  participant  in  the  late  war,  and 
was  admitteii  as  partner  in  business  with  his  father  in   ls72.      Mr. 

D.  is  a  native  of  Scotland,  where  he  was  lx)rn  in  1815,  and  is  the 
oldest  living  merchant  in  Pitt^(^eld. 

Thomas  Dihrorth^  farmer,  sec.  32;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  owns  an 
interest  in  l»'tO  acres  of  land,  worth  $C0  ]>er  acre:  his  br<»ther 
George,  and  sister  Faith,  are  equal  partners  in  this  property.  They 
are  all  unmarrie<l,  and  live  on  the  place  together.  They  have  raised 
a  s}t\  named  Marv  E.  Carroll;  thev  e!ni;'rated  to  this  conntv  with 
their  mother  in  ls50,  where  they  have  since  resided.  All  are 
Democrats. 

J.  L.  Dohhin,  attorney  at  law,  otHce  over  Ilarder's  drug  store, 
west  side  of  the  Siiiare.  Will  practice  in  any  of  the  courts  of  the 
Eleventh  Judicial  Circuit,  and  attend  properly  to  all  legal  business 
entrusted  to  his  care. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    C<»rXTY.  679 

C.  H.  Do88^  physician,  was  born  in  Franklin,  Simpson  Co.,  Ky., 
Feb.  19,  1834,  and  began  the  study  of  medicine  with  liis  father,  a 
resident  physician  at  Hopkinsville,  Ky.  Two  years  afterward  he 
came  to  Illinois,  and  completed  his  studies  in  the  office  of  Dr.  A. 
Bowman,  at  Carrollton,  111.  He  first  began  practice  at  Fayette- 
\-ille,  Greene  Co.,  111.,  where  he  was  successfully  engaged  for  5^ 
years,  when  he  moved  to  Manchester,  Scott  Co.,  and  followed  his 
profession  until  he  came  to  this  county  in  1S76,  where  he  has  since 
made  his  home.  In  September,  1S56,  he  married  Margaret  A. 
Thrasher,  a  native  of  Griggsville,  and  they  have  9  children,  the  eld- 
est a  graduate  of  Bennett  Medical  College,  Chicago.  The  Doctor 
was  made  a  charter  member  of  the  Illinois  State  Eclectic  Associ- 
ation in  1S6S;  also  served  as  Treasurer  in  1871  and  1872,  and  filled 
the  office  of  President  in  1873;  was  also  a  charter  member  of  the 
Eclectic  Medical  Association,  organized  in  Chicago  in  1870,  and  3 
times  represented  this  State  to  the  National  Eclectic  Association. 
He  has  given  much  attention  to  farming  and  stock-raising,  and 
owns  180  acres  of  land  3^  miles  from  Pittsfield,  where  he  has  estab- 
lished a  breeding  farm  for  horses;  he  has  some  fine  blo<:»ded  stock. 
Prominent  among  them  are  2  Hambletonian  colts  (stallions),  "Rich- 
ard "  and  '•  Radiator;"  the  former  a  chestnut  sorrel,  white  hind 
feet,  16  hands  high,  and  weifirhs  1.200  pounds:  foaled  June  24, 
1874;  bred  by  S.^W.  Wheelock,  Moline,  111.  "Radiator"— color, 
bright  bay,  16  hands  high,  star  in  forehead,  weighs  1,300  pounds, 
foaled  May  31,  1874,  and  bred  by  same  person.  The  pedigree  of 
the  above  named  stallions  descends  from  the  great  trotting  families 
of  Kentucky.  They  have  a  natural  gait,  and  show  a  flattering  rec- 
ord of  speed,  etc. ;  are  high-mettled  and  full  of  life,  yet  kind  and  safe 
to  handle. 

Augustus  Doic,  miller,  was  born  Oct.  9,  1841.  He  began  active 
life  as  clerk  in  a  drv-oroods  store,  which  business  he  continued  to 
follow  until  1863,  when  he  enlisted  in  the  army,  serving  in  the 
Paymaster's  Department  3  years.  In  1872  he  came  to  Pittsfield 
and  embarked  in  the  milling  business  in  company  with  C.  P. 
Chapman,  and  they  now  conduct  one  of  the  largest  mills  in  the 
State.  Mr.  D.  was  married  in  this  county  in  1865  to  Jennie  S. 
TVeinand.  She  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1841  and  died  in  1870. 
Mr.  D.  was  then  married,  in  1872,  in  St.  Louis,  to  Judith  W.  Mor- 
ton, who  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in  184<).  Harry  A.,  born  in 
April,  1877,  is  their  only  child. 

E.  P.  Dow.  dealer  in  coal,  wood  and  lime,  is  a  native  of  Tol- 
land county.  Conn.,  where  he  was  born  in  1848;  came  to  this 
countv  in  1865.  and  enorao'ed  in  the  mercantile  business:  was  mar- 
ried  in  1874  to  Miss  Florine  Hicks,  and  is  the  father  of  2  children. 
In  1878  he  established  himself  in  his  present  business,  where  he  is 
enjoying  a  fair  trade. 

John  Duran,  a  retired  farmer,  was  born  in  Hamilton  county, 
Maine.  Jan.  16,  1800.  His  parents  were  John  and  Jane  (^ Davis) 
Duran.     He  came  to  this  countv  Xov.   18,  1831,  and  settled  in 


GSO  HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COLNTV. 

# 

Newbnrg  tp.;  was  married  in  1825  to  Mies  Rliodu  Ami  Uijrgt?.  of 
Cinciniiuti,  Ohio,  and  they  have  Lad  12  childrt'ii,  (I  h«»ys  and  6 
girls,  10  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  I),  was  Uoad  C(»mmissioiier  for 
25  years  in  Newhnrg  to. :  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  ehureh,  also  of 
tlie  Masonic  Lodge,      r.  O.,  PittsMeM. 

O.  T.  Edicanh^  proprietor  of  the  I*itt^li^*l<l  House,  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  Mar^'h  25,  1814;  he  emigratetl  witii  his  parents  to  Ill- 
inois in  1S2>,  and  .-ietlled  in  Sangamon  coirtity,  where  he  resided 
until  1835,  when  he  came  to  this  county  and  settled  in  Pittstield, 
where  he  engaged  in  teaming.  Tw»)  yeare  afterward  he  was  elected 
Constable,  antl  ajtpointed  Dej.uty  Sheriff  nn«ler  Col.  Seeley,  in  which 
capacity  he  servetl  for  several  years.  In  July,  18;Jl>,  ht-  married 
Miss  Eliza  M.  Allre<l,  a  native  of  Tennessee,  where  she  was  born 
Oct.  29,  1822.  They  had  1  eon  and  1  daughter.  Mrs.  E.  died 
.lulv  3(»,  1842.  The  folhiwing  year  he  married  ]^fiss  Angelirje 
D.ivis,  a  native  t»f  Kentucky,  where  she  was  born  in  1821,  and  t'ey 
had  :5  children.  She  die<l  Sejit.  28,  185:5.  His  present  wife,  Delilali 
(Goodwin)  is  a  native  of  this  Slate.  Mr.  E.  was  elcctetl  Sherifl'  of 
I'ike  county  in  1S54  ami  servetl  2  years,  when  he  purchased  a 
farm  in  Newburg  tp.,  an«l  followed  farming  a  short  time,  then  en 
gaged  in  hotel-keeping  in  I'ittsfield,  and  was  j»roj»rietor  of  stages 
and  mail  contractor.  In  1862  he  organized  Cc».  A,  !»'Jth  111.  Inf., 
and  participate*!  in  many  of  the  principal  battles  of  the  war.  After 
a  vear  <»f  service  he  was  con:''  1  to  resign  «»n  uccount  of  poor 
health,  und  he  was  honoraldy  aged.      lieturning  to  his  family 

he  Ix-H-ame  proprietor  of  a  lu»tel  at  Naples,  Scott  Co.,  and  at  (iriggs- 
ville.  Pike  Co.  In  18C9  he,  wiih  other  enterprising  citizens,  formed 
a  sttick  Company  ami  crectetl  the  Pittslield  House,  which  has  since 

been  uiuler  his  sup.ervision.      !'  i-  "i f  the  largest  and  best  kept 

hotels  in  the  West. 

Charles  A.  Klliott,  of  the  firm  of  Gano,  Shriver  A:  Elliott,  dry- 
poods  dealers,  Pittsfield,  is  a  s«»n  of  Abner  and  Iluth  (Wells)  Elliott, 
the  f 'rmer  a  native  of  Virginia  and  the  latter  of  Kentucky.  Charles 
A.  is  a  native  of  the  Uuckeye  State,  where  he  wa*  born  in  l>i54; 
he  came  to  this  county  in  1872,  and  embarked  in  the  mercantile 
business  in  Pittstield  in   1879. 

Gcorg>  EUis,  farmer,  sec.  32;  P.  O.,  New  Hartfonl;  owns  80 
acres  of  land  worth  $50  |>er  acre;  he  was  Uirn  in  this  courjty,  April 
5,  1850,  and  was  raarriitl  in  this  county  in  1871.  to  Amanda  Mc- 
Clintock,  also  a  native  of  this  county,  Ixifu  in  1852;  they  have  2 
children,  Orville  and  Ethel.  Mr.  E.  has  been  School  Director,  and 
is  a  Hei)ublican. 

Aaron  Enderhy^  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  was  born  in 
Pike  county  in  1855,  is  a  son  of  Conrad  and  Jane  (Moore)  P^nderby, 
natives  of  N«>rth  Carolina  and  early  settlers  uK  this  county,  and 
grandson  of  Joel  Moore,  the  tirst  settler  in  Pittstield  tp.,  where  he 
passed  a  life  of  usefulness,  ^Ir.  Enderby  resides  on  the  homestead 
with  his  parents,  and  owns  a  farm  of  120  acres  worth  $35  per  acre. 


:ii  nis  I 
e  famil 


The  familv  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church.     Mr.  E.  is  un- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  681 

married  and  lends  his  industry  to  the  care  of  the  homestead  and  his 
aged  parents. 

Gano^  Shriver  i&  Elliott^  dealers  in  dry-goods  and  clothing. 
This  is  the  liirirest  house  of  the  kind  in  Pittt-field,  and  is  aconsolida- 
tion  of  the  firms  of  Gano  and  Shriver  J>rothers.  The  firm  has  had 
an  experience  of  26  years  in  New  York  city,  and  Felicity,  Ohio, 
and  at  present  carries  a  stock  of  $-40,000,  with  an  average  sale  of  !?S5,- 
000  per  ye5?^.  The  store  is  100  feet  in  length  by  25  in  width,  and 
two  stories  high,  all  occupied.  A  custom  tailoi-ing  department  is  con- 
nected with  it  on  the  upper  floor,  well  stocked  with  goods.  Tliis 
firm  has  been  identified  with  the  mercantile  interests  of  the  city  for 
many  years,  and  possesses  the  energy,  enterprise  and  reliability  of 
business  men. 

D.  II.  Gilmer,  deceased,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  Sept.  10,  1814; 
came  to  this  county  at  an  early  da}^  and  was  the  partner  of  IMilton 
Hay  in  the  practice  of  law  at  Pittsfield.  In  1861  he  enlisted 
as  priva'e  in  the  38th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  and  received  promotion  to  the 
position  of  Colonel  of  that  Kegiment.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle 
of  Chicamauga,  Sept.  10,  1863.  He  was  at  one  time  Prosecuting 
Attorney  in  this  county.  In  1844  he  married  Miss  Louisa  M. 
Quinby.  Six  years  after  his  death  she  was  appointed  Postmistress 
of  this  city,  and  executed  the  important  duties  of  the  oflice  until 
her  death,  in  1869.  She  was  succeeded  by  her  daughter,  Lizzie 
Gilmer,  the  present  incumbent,  who  fills  the  position  satisfactorily. 

George  Gooud,  farmer,  sec.  33,  owns  80  acres  of  land,  worth  $50 
per  acre.  He  is  a  native  of  England,  came  to  America  in  1836, 
settlino:  in  New  York,  and  came  to  Pike  countv  in  1862;  was  mar- 
ried  in  this  county  in  1864  to  Charlotte  Cressnol,  also  a  native  of 
England,  and  born  about  the  year  1843,  and  died  in  18Y5;they  had 
2  children, — one  living,  Philip  R.  He  then  nuirried  Amanda  E. 
Pringle,  born  in  New  York  city  in  1854;  they  have  one  child,  named 
Elizabeth.     Mr.  G.  is  a  Democrat. 

Johii  Gooud,  farmer,  sec.  33,  owns  80  acres  of  land,  worth  $50 
per  acre;  is  a  native  :of  England,  and  was  born  in  1830;  came  to 
America  in  1836,  and  settled  in  New  York,  where  he  was  married 
in  1856  to  Alice  Pringle,  also  a  native  of  England,  where  she  was 
born  about  the  year  1843.  They  have  had  6  children, — one  liv- 
ing, namely,  Susanna.  Mrs.  Gooud  had  2  children  by  a  former 
huslmnd;  their  names  are  Mary  A.  and  Sarah  J.  Mr.  G.  is  a  Demo- 
crat. 

Strother  Grigshy,  County  Judge,  born  in  Page  county,  Ya.,  in 
1819,  came  to  Illinois  in  1838,  and  settled  in  Adams  county,  where 
he  engaged  in  teaching  school  for  4  years,  then  came  to  this  county 
and  followed  the  same  calling  for  10  years  in  Pleasant  Vale  tp.  He 
subsequentl}'  settled  in  Pittsfield  and  soon  after  was  called  by  the 
people  to  fill  the  oftice  of  County  Treasurer.  He  also  served  4 
years  as  CJounty  Clerk,  and  is  serving  his  ])resent  ])osition  the  second 
term.  He  has  also  given  time  and  attention  to  various  other  ofiices 
with  which  he  has  been  identified.    In  1845  he  married  Miss  Amanda 


682 


lllSTnKV    OF    I'lKK   COUNTY, 


Parki8,  a  native  (if  Missouri,  who  tlicd,  leaving;   i  children.     Ilig 
{iivrient  wife,  Missouri  E.  Ileel,  is  a  native  of  Jai'ksonville. 

Wm.  B.  Grinit'tt,  Dejmtv  County  Clerk,  was  horn  in  White  Co.» 
III.,  Nov.  2r»,  1828;  in  1834  his  narents  moved  with  him  to  this 
county;  in  1850  he  went  to  California  and  remained  two  years, 
meetini^  with  ^ood  sucoe.^'S;  on  his  return  to  tiiis  county  he  located 
at  .Milton  and  huilt  the  tirst  saw-mill  in  that  place;  was  in  the 
lumher  husiness  al»ut  ^no  year  and  then  followed  the  tinware  trade 
until  \^^\^^,  when  ho  waa  elected  County  Clerk.  Mr.  G.  Ib  now 
Deputy  C'ounty  Clerk,  has  been  Supervisor  of  I'itt.stield  tp.,  and 
Chiiirmanof  the  I»oardoni'term.  The  j)ast  four  years  he  hasalst*  heen 
Grand  L«cturt'r  in  the  Mat»t»nic  order,  and  is  now  (iraiid  Examiner 
and  exojficio  (irand  l/ccturer.  Mr.  (rrinies  has  had  a  irood  educa- 
tion, tine  musical  taletit,  and  luis  held  about  all  tite  local  oflices  in 
Ins  t<»WMship.  In  1S53  he  married  Amanda  A.  Shock,  who  died  in 
IhGl,  leaving  three  chihiren  ;  in  l^tJ2  Mr.  (J.  marrii-d  Nancy  J. 
Greathouse,  and  tiiey  have  3  cliildren  now  living.  The  children 
are,  Delia,  born  in  1857,  now  the  wife  of  Mark  Hani's;  Ira 
A.,  born  in  May,  lSr>l>,  is  clerk  in  Limlscy  ^  Co.'b  ;^rocery;  both 
the  latter  are  in  I'ittstield;  Henry  AV.,  born,  1801,  dietl  at  the  a^'c  of 
about  5  months;  Ida,  born  in  1803,  Alice  in  l*^Or>,  and  Laura  in 
1875. 

Ilim.  Win.  A.  (frimsh'iw,  attorney  at  law,  is  the  ton  of  William 
Grimshaw,  who  wa.s  an  early  an<l  distin;,juihhe<l  historian,  hav- 
ing; written  and  |>ublinhe«l  the  lirst  Hi^t^.•ryo!  the  I'nited  States, 
a  History  of  South  America,  of  England,  of  France,  a  Lile  of  Na- 
pole»)n  and  other  works,  Ijenides  C4»mpilin»^  histories  of  Greece,  Ilonie^ 
etc.  It  is  said  that  at  one  time  he  had  an  income  from  his  works 
of  alxMit  $4.<»ot>  a  year.  He  died  in  1^51.  Wm.  A.'s  mother  was 
Harriet,  a  native  of  Charleston,  S.  C..and  daufi^hter  of  James  Milli- 
on, a  Captain  in  the  Pennsylvania  line  in  the  American  Ilevula- 
tioii.  Mr.  (irimshaw  was  admittinl  to  the  bar  at  1 '.♦  years  of  a;^,  in 
I'hiladeljihia.  ami  in  -May,  1^3."'.,  he  arrived  in  Pike  county.  III., 
and  in  Novemlnir  following  he  received  license  from  the  Suj»reme 
Court  to  practice  law.  This  year  he  was  also  app(»inted  Adjutant 
of  the  17th  Illini>is  Militia,  and  he  often  held  with  his  Colonel, 
Henj.  Harney,  regimental  and  battalion  trainings  in  this  county. 
Mr.  (t.  has  probahly  held  more  commi.-.sions  from  State  (iovernors 
than  anv  other  citizen  of  Pikecountv, — from  Govs.  Ilev.iolds, Yates, 
Oijlepby,  Palmer  andCullom.  Althou<;h  a  Whip  in  early  day  and 
liepuldicjin  since,  he  has  generally  as  a  candidate  for  fdHce  run  ahead 
of  his  ticket  and  sometime.-;  been  elected,  e\en  in  a  Democratic  dis- 
trict. In  1>47  he  was  elected  dele^ite  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
veution,  the  only  Whiir  alon'j  witli  the  three  Democrats,  Messrs. 
Archer,  Montgomery  Plair  and  Harvey  Dunn,  and  was  the  author 
of  that  provision  in  the  C<»nstitution  a«^ainst  dueling.  He  also 
favored  such  meastires  in  that  body  as  wtused  an  advance  in  the 
State  credit,  the  Hlinois  and  Michi«:;an  canal  bonds,  for  example, 
^oiup  up  from  1^  to  65  during  the  session  of  the  Convention.     Mr. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COU^'TY.  683 

G.  was  also  a  dclef^ate  to  both  conventions  whicli  nominated  Lincoln 
for  President,  and  to  other  conventions;  was  also  a  personal  friend 
of  Dou«i;las,  praisin*^  him  for  his  support  of  the  Union  cause.  As 
an  attorney  Mr.  Grimshaw  has  been  eminent,  defendint^  suits  for 
the  Sny  Levee  Commissioners,  the  T.,  W.  6c  W.  and  C.  &  A.  R.  R. 
Cos.,  and  the  Mississippi  Bridge  Company  at  Louisiana,  ^fo.  For 
14  years,  ending  in  1S57,  he  was  in  partnershij)  with  his  brother, 
the  late  Jackson  Grimshaw.  He  owns  line  farms,  takes  great  in- 
terest in  the  welfare  of  the  countv,  has  been  President  of  the  Ag- 
ricultural Society,  the  Antiqnarian  Society,  etc.,  etc.  ;  has  been 
Trustee  of  the  State  Listitution  for  the  Blind,  and  is  at  present  a 
member  of  the  State  Board  of  Charities. 

We  noticed  some  interesting  old  books  in  Mr.  Grimshaw's  library, 
as,  Zes  Reports  de  Sr.  Creswell  Levinz,  in  three  parts,  printed  in 
London  in  1702;  Law  Commentaries  or  Reports  of  Edmund  Pk)W- 
den,  printed  at  London  in  1779  ;  Les  Reports  des  Divers  Special 
Cases  argue  (&  adjuge  en  le  Court  del  Bank  Leroy  et  Auxy  en 
le  Co.  Ba.  c&  V  Exchequer,  etc.,  printed  in  London  in  1714, — all 
these  in  the  Norman  or  Law  French  language  ;  also  a  copy  of  the 
Jurisconsult  Kcercltationes  in  which  is  contained  that  noted  senti- 
ment, "The  air  of  England  is  too  pure  for  slavery  to  breathe." 

William  S.  Grimshaw,  druggist,  original  house  of  J.  U.  Grim- 
shaw, grandfather  of  the  present  proprietor,  who  established  him- 
self here  in  1S35,  his  drug-store  being  the  first  in  the  city.  He 
died  in  this  city  in  1848  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  T.  C.  Grim- 
shaw, .who  conducted  the  business  until  1868,  when  he  sold  out  to 
Thomas  Williamson  and  removed  to  the  homestead.  Subsequently 
the  store  fell  into  the  hands  of  Adolph  Fisher,  who  disposed  of  the 
stock  to  Wm.  S.  Grimshaw  in  1876.  The  house  carries  a  stock  of 
$5,000,  with  average  sales  of  815,000  per  year.  It  controls  a  large 
trade,  and  is  one  of  the  prosperous  Urms  of  the  city. 

Patrick  Halpln,  proprietor  of  marble  yard,  Pittstield,  came 
to  this  county  in  1850,  established  his  present  business  in  1856, 
where  he  has  a  fair  trade. 

C.  H.  Harder,  druggist,  succeeded  J.  H.  Crane  in  1871.  At 
present  he  carries  a  stock  of  $5,000.  He  came  to  this  count}'  in 
1851,  and  here  he  has  since  made  it  his  home.  He  was  married 
in  1872  to  Miss  Susan  Lorgby,  by  whom  lie  has  one  child,  Frank. 

Henry  Harder,  carriage  and  wagon  manufacturer,  is  a  native  of 
Columbia  county.  New  York,  where  he  was  born  in  1S22.  When 
of  age,  he  settled  in  Berkshire  county,  Mass.,  where  he  married 
Miss  Mary  E.  Griffin,  a  native  of  Ilensellaer  county.  New  York. 
He  came  to  this  county  in  1851  and  supervised  the  wood  depart- 
ment of  the  Batesman  factory  until  he  erected  his  present  building 
in  1869.  The  building  is  2  stories  high,  with  blacksmith  and  ])aint 
shops  and  store-room  connected.  He  at  present  employs  6  men; 
has  a  large  stock  on  hand, and  contracts  a  fair  trade,  Mr.  H.  has 5 
children. 


684  HlfeTUKY    OK    I'lKK    COUNTY. 

Adam  /firnhman,  farmer,  sec.  S;  1*.  <  >.,  PittsHeld;  owns  20  acres, 
wortli  $»jO  per  acre;  is  a  native  of  Ohio,  l)i»rii  in  1S82;  came  to  this 
Stiiti'  in  isjO;  wa.x  marrit'd  in  1S57,  in  this  connly,  to  Lncv  J.  Mc- 
Cnne,  who  wa>  horn  in  this  Stiite  in  IMWJ  and  ilii-d  in  1S5S,  leaving 
1  chihl,  Ilamer;  was  ai^ain  married  in  1S«>0,  to  Either  Aarhaw,  who 
was  born  in  tliis  State  in  1S40.  They  have  4  children.  Chandler. 
Lawrence,  Leonora  and  Kliza.  Mr.  IL  has  been  Clerk  of  the 
School  Hoard  15  years,  ami  i>a  liepultlican. 

Joseph  Heck,  grocer,  haker  ami  confectioner,  was  horn  in  Diirmers- 
heim,  Grossherzogthuin  Baden,  Oberamt  I^istadt,  in  1S22;  emi- 
grated in  1>'4*5  and  settle*!  in  Quincy  after  a  residence  in  IMiiladel- 
piiia  2  years.  His  first  home  in  thi^  county  was  in  Perry  tp., 
where  he  resided  until  1S55,  when  ho  came  t»»  thi>  city  and  o|>ened 
his  present  estnblishment.  Ilecarries  a  slock  of  $1.'»,000  to  |»1S,0<)(), 
and  is  one  of  the  oldest  houses  in  the  city,  occupying  the  old  court- 
house. 

JoliH  llehiu  was  born  in  Harnacre,  F^ancashire,  Kngland,  l)ec. 
13,  1822.  Ilih  grandfather,  John  ilelmc,  was  a  mitive  of  tiie  same 
jdace,  where  lie  died;  iiis  father,  Wm.  Ileline,  came  to  America  in 
1S42,  via  New  Orleans  and  Ian<leil  at  St.  Louis  irj  1^43,  accom|>anie<i 
by  our  subject,  then  L'o  years  (»f  age.  Tliey  arrived  in  Pike  county 
in  April  of  the  same  year;  '>oth  were  carpenters  and  builders  by 
trade,  and  the  first  work  they  did  in  this  county  was  to  make  rails, 
a  Work  thev  were  wholly  unaccustomeil  to.  After  Ikmiiu  in  the 
c<)unty  alM»nt|^'i  year.n,  Jolm  Ilelme  marriiMl  Amelia  Wa-ssell.  a  na- 
tive of  Kngland.  The  next  year  he  settled  on  4')  acres  of  land, 
given  to  him  by  his  father-in  law,  located  on  the  N.  K.  of 
sec.  24,  Derry  tn.,  built  a  frame  house  ls.x24  feet,  cnltivate<l  25 
acres,  and  fenced  the  whole  piece.  Since  that  time  he  has  lieen  ex- 
tensively engage«|  in  farming,  lie  luvs  hehl  the  plow  and  driven 
the  team  for  breaking  over  1.«><X»  acres  of  new  land,  6(K>  acres  of  which 
he  himself  ptit  under  cultivation.  He  now  own.-  147  acres,  having 
sold  several  hundre«i  acres.  His  residence  is  on  N.  NV.  \  of  sec.  30, 
PittsHeld  tp..  the  home  farm  consisting  of  420  acres  in  one  body. 
He  raises  on  an  average  1<X)  to  140  acres  of  wheat,  and  about  the 
same  of  corn,  and  feetls  from  100  to  200  head  of  cattle  per  year,  also 
150  sheeji.  Mr.  Helme  is  the  large^t  buyer  and  dealer  in  cattle  a?id 
hugs  for  shipment  there  is  in  the  county,  8hi|)ping  to  the  ChicJigo 
and  Huflalo  markets,  on  an  avenige,  150  car  loads  ])er  year.  4<i  of 
these  being  cattle,  atxl  1 10,  hogs. 

He  wa<  formerly  a  Whig,  but  is  now  a  Roj»ui»lican  ;  has  been 
Schotd  Director  <»ver  20  years.  He  and  wife  are  both  members  of 
the  Christian  Church  of  New  Hartford.  lie  is  al.-o  a  Ma.son. 
Mrs.  II.  did  Dec.  24,  1857,  leaving  5  children, — William,  Eliza- 
l»et:i,  John  .V..  .Vmelia  and  Susan.  The  latter  died  at  the  age  of 
20  years.  Mr.  II.  married  his  ])resent  wife,  Hannah  Ann  Shinn, 
daughter  of  James  Shinn,  of  Salem  county,  X.  J.,  March  10,  l.S5'.>, 
and  they  have  6  children, — Charles  E.,  Matthew  E.,  Sarah  E., 
James,  Marv  and  Lena  Mav. 


pirrsHELO  ^T 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  6>«7 

Mr.  Ilelme  has  made  all  the  improveiuenttj  on  his  home  farm; 
has  built  a  commodious  frame  house,  32  by  54,  and  a  iine  barn 
with  a  rock  basement  8  feet  liiffh.  The  barn  is  45  by  60  feet  with 
20  feet  posts,  and  is  one  of  the  most  convenient  barns  in  the 
county.  Ilis  father  followed  farming  in  this  county  many  years, 
and  died  iu  1865,  in   Derry  tp. 

In  1850  Mr.  II.  made  a  trip  to  California,  worked  in  the  mines  3 
months,  and  returned  with  $2,500,  which  he  invested  in  200  acres 
of  land.  He  was  4  months  makinti^  his  overland  trip,  and  the  same 
time  returning  by  the  Pacific  via  Nicaragua,  Central  America  and 
New  Orleans,  being  10  weeks  on  the  ocean.  We  give  Mr.  llelme's 
portrait  in  this  book. 

Col.  D.  D.  Ilicks,  cashier  of  the  First  National  Bank  at  Pitts- 
field,  was  born  in  Bennington  Co.,  Yt.,  Aug.  12,  1812;  while  very 
young  the  family  removed  with  him  to  New  York  State,  where 
they  remained  till  his  mother  died;  they  then  resided  in  Yermont 
until  1830,  then  in  New  York  State  again  until  1838,  when  they 
emigrated  to  Pittsfield,  111.,  near  which  place  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  taught  school  two  years;  after  spending  a  few  months  in 
the  East,  he  clerked  in  a  store  in  Pittsfield  till  1842,  when  he  was 
appointed  Deput}'  Sheriff  by  Ephraim  Cannon  ;  after  serving  four 
years  in  this  capacity  he  was  Sheriff  for  four  years ;  subsequently 
he  served  four  years  as  County  Treasurer,  and  from  1850  to  1852 
he  followed  merchandising;  in  1865  he  went  into  the  First 
National  Bank  as  clerk  and  teller,  and  in  1867  was  elected  cashier 
of  the  institution.  His  father,  Truman  Y.,  was  a  celebrated  phy- 
sician, a  member  of  the  New  York  Legislature  two  terms,  and  for 
a  time  was  Judge  of  Warren  county,  N.  Y.  His  mother's  maiden 
name  was  Barbara  Hayes,  a  native  of  Yermont.  Oct.,  1842,  he 
married  Mary  Jane  Burbridge,  of  Pike  Co.;  Helen  M.  was  their 
only  child,  who  died  at  the  age  of  18;  Mrs.  H.  died  in  March, 
1844;  in  May,  1845,  he  married  Julia  Ann  Burbridge,  cousin  of 
his  first  wife;  of  their  7  children  all  are  living  in  Pittsfield. 
namel}',  Frances,  now  the  wife  of  George  Barber;  Barl)ara  E.,  wife 
of  Henry  R.  Mills;  Bobert  Truman,  assistant  cashier  in  the  First 
National  Bank;  Florine  E.,  wife  of  E.  P.  Dow;  Emma,  wife  of 
Harry  Iligbee,  Esq.,  Laura  M.  and  James  W. 

Patrick  Uiggins,  faVmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  born  in 
County  Down,  Ireland,  in  1827;  came  to  America  in  1848,  and 
settled  on  his  present  estate  the  same  year,  which  was.  then  an 
unbroken  wilderness.  Here  he  erected  a  rude  hut  composed  of 
poles  and  grass,  in  which  he  lived  6  months;  he  has  a  farm  of  160 
acres,  well  cultivated,  and  vulued  at  $75  per  acre.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  this  tp.  to  Miss  Margaret  Peed,  a  native  of  Ireland,  and 
who  died  in  1877,  leaving  7  children,  all  now  living.  Mi-.  II.  is 
one  of  the  early  settlers  of  this  town  and  county,  and  well  known 
and  respected  by  all.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

Henry  Iloskins^  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  owns  140  acres  of  land 
worth  $50  per  acre.  He  is  a  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Brown) 
Hoskins,  natives  of  Ireland,  and  was  born  in   this  State,  Dec.  18, 


0>>8  III^ToKY    <>|      j'lKK    C<»UNTY. 

184'J.  In  Oct.,  1SG»5,  he  inarried  lirid^ct  Curiiey,  a  nutive  of  Ire- 
hiiul,  Ixiiii  April  ti,  1S44.  Tliuy  are  the  j>iirt'i)tt;  of »;  cliiMreii,  viz.: 
John,  Clmrk'V,  CatliariiU',  Klizttbetli,  lleiiry  ami  Isaac.  Mr.  II, 
has  liceii  Stthuol  Dircctur  5  years,  ami  belongs  to  the  M.  K.  Church. 
His  father's  father  was  in  the  war  of  1S12.  Mr.  II.  tleals  e.xten- 
eively  in  cattle,  h<»^s  and  sheej>. 

,/o/tn  IIui//it'.t.  fariner.  sec.  27;  1*.  O.  Tittstiehl;  owns  l'Ji»  acres 
of  land,  Worth  ^'W*  per  acre;  he  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  horn  in 
1820,  and  came  to  America  in  1840;  settled  in  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  remained  :'>  years;  then  was  in  Missouri  2  years,  then 
came  to  this  ('..iiiity  in  1S45,  where  he  has  since  resided.  In  ls5(> 
he  married  -lane  I)oiinelly,  a  native  of  Irehinil.  Ixtrn  in  1.S20.  Thoy 
are  the  parenU  of  one  child,  l>orn  in  1855.  They  are  both  Catho- 
lics, and  Mr.  II.  i>  a  |)em«u'rat. 

Jo»' ph  Ilunttr,  boot  ami  shoe  maker;  born  in  Ivlinbur«^h,  Scot- 
land, iti  I'^IJ.J,  ami  emii;rated  t«»  America  in  18j2.  Same  year  was 
married  to  .Mi^s  Martha  Hunter,  by  whom  he  has  9  children. 
Opemnl  his  first  place  of  business  in  18(;jl,  where  he  is  conductini^ 
a  m»od  trade.  Is  a  member  of  the  Sch«»ol  Hoard  and  Citv  Council, 
taking  an  active  interest  in  all  that  pt-rtains  to  the  welfare  of  the 
county. 

/'.  11  .  I/urgt'vi^n,  boots  and  sIio<m.  AsKociate<l  himself  in  the 
bucine.-^s  I'ircles  of  this  city  in  IS71,  soon  after  his  voyagr  from  the 
fatherland,  (iermany,  where  he  was  Uirn  in  1855.  Carries  a  st<»ck 
of  ^;j,ooo,  with  average  Miles  of  $.'»,ooo  jh-t  year.  He  is  one  «»f  the 
active  young  merchaiit.s  of  the  city,  and  made  haj>py  by  a  lucrative 
tra«le. 

JameJi  S.  I rinn,  attorney.  Pitti^Held.  The  subject  of  this  notice 
was  born  in  Woodford  c«iunty,  Ky,,  March  23,  1820.  He  gradu- 
ated at  Center  College,  Ky.,  with  the  class  of  1838,  and  in  the 
winter  of  1^31»  atteniled  one  course  of  medical  lectures  at  Lexing- 
t«>n.  In  March  of  thr  f»»llowing  vear  he  m«»ved  to  dacksonville, 
III.,  where  he  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  the  oflice  of  lirown 
»V  McC'lure,  and  Jan.  1,  1842,  he  reccivcnl  license  to  practice  law. 
He  immeiliately  removeii  to  Mount  Sterling,  where  he  remained  17 
years,  with  the  ex'c«'])tion  of  a  short  period,  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession.  In  the  year  1849,  like  many  others,  he  caught  the 
California  gohl  tever,  went  to  the  gvilden  »hore  and  remained  till 
the  spring  of  1852,  when  he  returned  to  Mount  Sterling,  a  wiser  if 
not  a  richer  inan,  and  resume<l  the  practice  of  his  jirofession.  In 
tlvp  year  1"^44  he  wa.s  married  U>  Miss  M.  P.  (Til>erson,  formerly  of 
Penn>ylvania,  and  to  whom  four  children  have  been  born,  two  bo^'S 
and  two  girls.  By  a  sad  and  unfortunate  accident  one  of  his  sons 
was  killed  by  a  gunshot  wound  while  hunting,  and  the  otlier  died 
wliilc  in  the  ]»rime  of  life,  and  giving  promise  of  a  brilliant  career. 
Mr.  Irwin  has  contined  himself  steadily  to  his  profession,  taking  no 
very  active  part  in  piditics,  and  has  no  desire  for  office.  In  1856  be 
was  one  of  the  Fillmore  Electors,  and  was  in  the  Electoral  College 
in  1872,  where  lie  cast  his  vote  for  Grant  and  Wilson. 


HISTORY    OF   PIKE    COUNTY.  689 

Jan.  1,  1861,  Mr.  I.  moved  his  family  to  Pittsfield,  wliere  he  has_ 
since  resided.  By  close  attention  to  business,  by  trying  to  do  his 
diit}'  to  his  friends  and  patrons,  he  has  acquired  a  fair  and  reputable 
practice,  and  a  sufficiency  of  this  world's  floods  to  place  him  in 
comfortable  circumstances.  He  was  one  of  a  family  of  16  children, 
all  of  whom  are  dead  except  one  sister  and  five  brothers.  Of  the 
survivors,  the  sister  is  the  wife  of  Col.  G.  M.  Chambers,  of  Jack- 
sonville. The  eldest  brother,  William,  is  a  farmer  in  Brown 
county.  111.  ;  the  next  older,  Stephenson,  is  a  farmer  of  Kansas  ; 
and  two  brothers  are  physicians. 

D.  E.  James  d;Co.,  dry-<roods  dealers,  Pittsficld;  began  business 
in  the  spring  of  1878;  the  firm  are  active  members  of  the  business 
fraternity  of  Pittsfield,  and  control  a  large  and  reliable  trade. 

Henry  James,  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  was  born  in  Eng- 
land in  1817;  came  to  America  in  1851  and  stopped  in  Cincinnati 
one  year,  then  came  to  this  county,  where  he  has  since  resided;  he 
has  bought,  sold  and  improved  5  different  farms,  and  now  owns  80 
acres  worth  $50  per  acre.  He  was  married  in  England  in  1850,  to 
Jennette  Francis,  a  native  of  Scotland,  born  in  1818,  and  they  are 
the  parents  of  3  children,  only  one  living,  Thomas  F.,  Alice  M. 
and  Wm.  G.,  deceased.  Mr.  James  has  been  Koad  Commissioner  6 
years,  and  served  several  years  as  School  Director.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  I.  O.  of  O.  F.,  an  Episcopalian  and  a  Democrat. 

T.  F.  James,  farmer,  was  born  in  Louisiana  Nov.  24,  1851 ;  came 
to  this  State  with  his  father  in  1852  and  settled  in  this  county, 
where  he  still  resides;  was  married  to  Margaret  Wilson,  a  native  of 
this  county,  and  who  was  born  Dec.  21,  1854.  They  are  the  parents 
of  2  children,  Jennette,  born  Dec.  24,  1875,  and  Elizabeth,  Dec.  1, 
1877.     Mr.  James  Owns  60  acres  of  land  worth  $50  per  acre. 

Benjamin  Jellison,  farmer,  owns  60  acres  of  land  worth  $60  per 
acre;  is  a  native  of  Maine,  born  Jan.  24,  1804;  came  to  this  county 
in  1844;  was  married  in  Maine  May  7,  1827,  to  Mary  Wyman,  who 
was  also  born  in  Maine,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  5  children, 
only  3  of  whom  are  living:  Hiram,  Charles  H.  and  Mary.  Delilah 
and  Henry  are  deceased.  Mr.  S.  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church, 
and  a  Democrat. 

J.  W.  Johnson,  attorney  at  law,  was  born  in  Lewis  Co.,  Mo., 
Nov.  24,  1845;  was  brought  up  at  Palmyra,  Mo.,  where  he  received 
a  good  education,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869; 
came  to  Pike  county,  HI.,  in  1870;  taught  school  at  Eldara  and 
New  Canton  for  two  years;  came  to  Pittsfield  in  Sept.,  1873,  where 
he  has  since  remained,  most  of  the  time  in  the  practice  of  law;  is 
now  in  partnership  with  J.S.Irwin;  from  1873  to  1877  he  was 
acting  Superintendent  of  Schools  of  this  county.  Dec.  18,  1867,  at 
Palmyra,  he  married  Miss  M.  V.  Nicol,  daughter  of  Henry  and 
Catharine  Nicol.  The  subject  of  our  sketch  is  a  son  of  Doti  Q.  and 
Elizabeth  A.  (Rogers),  the  latter  of  Norfolk,  Ya.,  whose  parents  emi- 
grated West  with  her  in  her  infiincy.  Mr.  Johnson's  children  are 
Nina  E.,  born  July  25,  1869;  Leta"  J.,  born  Aug.  16,  1871;  Eliza- 


f>90  niSTORY    OF    I'IKE    ^OINTV. 

.heth  A.,  Dec.  9,  1^74;  All)ort  Sidnev,  Fel>.  21,  1S7S,   aii.l   James 
Irwiii.  Oct.  2,  1879. 

J.  ^V.  Jontu,  t'jirmor,  sees.  S  juul  9;  1*.  O.,  rittstieUl;  is  a  iiativo 
of  llaiiiiltoti  Co.,  ().,  born  in  l>ls,  aiid  is  a  son  of  Jonathan  ami 
Ann  (Wilniini;ton)  Jones,  natives  of  Virt^inia  and  Pen  nsv  Ivan  la. 
respectively.  Mr.  Jones  is  a  «^unsmitli  by  trade,  wliieh  (n'cuj)ation 
he  followe<l  in  .Mount  Sterlin<r,  Morj^an  county.  In  1S43  he  settled 
in  i*ike  county  near  his  present  honif,  which  at  that  tinu'  was  but 
a  wilderne.ss;  he  was  married  in  this  county  to  Miss  Martha  A. 
Preble,  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  who  was  born  in  1827.  They  have 
had  7  children,  all  of  whom  are  iivinij:  Mary,  Kliza,  Ann.  Celestia, 
Harvey  I*.,  Clara  and  John  J.  Mr.  Jones  is  one  of  Pike's  enter- 
prisin;^  farmers;  has  serve«l  as  Suj>ervi8«»r  one  term,  and  Road  Com- 
missioner 7  years.  He  had  the  tirst  horse-plow  used  in  the  State, 
and  relates  many  interesting  inoi«lentsjof  early  life.  Politically  he 
is  a  (treenba«"ker. 

Timothy  K'ln^  was  lK>rn  in  Irelaml  .fune  1,  1840,  son  of  Corne- 
lius and  Catherine  (Quiidan)  Kane.  He  cjime  to  America  July  4, 
1S57,  and  to  this  county  the  following;  hummer  ;  has  resided  in 
this  tp.  ever  since.  March  1,  ls«»4,  he  married  Miss  Ellen 
McKlroy,  «»f  this  ct»unty.  She  was  lM»rn  in  Is42.  They  have  had 
8  children,  rt  boys  and  '2  j?irls;  3  Ihivs  lirc  dead;  the  children  liv- 
ing are  Patrick.  John,  Joseph.  Nfary  and  Jane.  Mr.  Kane  owns 
11<>  acres  of  land,  most  of  which  is  under  cultivation,  aiul  worth 
^40  per  acre,  lioth  are  Catholics,  and  Mr.  K:iii.'  is  a  I  )finocr.it 
and  (ireetd)acker.      P.  O.,  Pittfitield. 

Ntitfumiel  KtU*nj(j^  fanner,  sees.  21  and  22,  is  a  native  of  Massa- 
chusetts, b«>rn  in  1*^24;  n'lnained  there  until  1>^.'>4,  when  he 
marrie<l  Miss  Sarah  M.  lirown,  <lau^hter  t»f  Oliver  and  Lucy 
I'rown,  Ih.rn  in  the  same  State  in  1S2C.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kellopj:^ 
came  to  Pitt^tield  in  1854,  where  they  now  reside,  Mr.  K.  is  the 
son  of  Charles  and  Mrs.  P.  iFowt)  Kello^;;,  the  former  a  native  of 
Massachusetts,  Imrn  in  1782,  and  die<l  in  the  same  Statt;  in  1S.')3, 
the  latter  also  a  native  of  Ma.^sachusetts,  born  in  I7s7;  she  came 
to  Illinois  with  her  son,  D.  F.  Kelh>^^,  and  died  it  his  house  in 
ISO,  at  the  a«^»  of  81  years.  Our  subject  is  a  well-to-do  farmer. 
P.  ()..  Pitt^field. 

Tfumiora  Kellogg,  Sheritf,  son  of  Ira  ami  Lydia  Kello;;;;,  who 
settled  in  Naples,  Scott  ct>nnty,  in  1833.  His  father  was  the  first 
pilot  on  the  Illinois  river;  came  to  this  county  in  1835,  and 
selected  a  home  near  Perry,  where  he  died  in  185»).  The  subject 
of  this  bioicraphy  was  lM»rn  in  (ienesee  county,  N.  ^  .,  in  1^25. 
He  carried  the  mails  bttween  Quincy  and  Perry  for  5  years,  and 
was  pri>prietor  «>f  the  hotel  at  the  latter  ]>lac.e.  In  1800  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Sarah  J.  Cockill.  He  moved  to  Pittsfield  and  assumed 
the  proprietorship  of  the  Pittsfield  H«»use.  and  the  following  year 
was  electcil  to  his  present  oflice,  which  he  ably  fills.  He  is  highly 
respected  by  all. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  691 

Dr.  J.  II.  ledlle,  physician  and  sur<j^eon,  was  born  in  Dublin, 
Ireland,  Feb.  14,  1833;  li^radnated  at  the  Royal  Collui^c  of  Piiysi- 
cians  and  Sury;eons  in  that  city  in  lS5-i,  when  he  enii<i|;rated  to 
Pittsfield,  111.,  where  he  has  remained  ever  since  in  the  practice  of 
his  profession,  except  the  4  years  he  was  snrijeon  in  the  99th  regi- 
ment of  Illinois  volunteers  in  the  last  war;  durino:  his  service  in 
the  army  he  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  8tatf  Snrgeon  and 
Medical  Director  of  the  13th  Army  Corps,  and  finally  Surgeon  in 
Charge  of  the  General  Hospital  at  Jefferson  City,  Mo. ;  he  was 
mustered  out  as  Lieut.  Col.  in  November,  1865,  when  he  returned 
to  Pittsfield.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Adams  County  Medical 
Society,  and  of  the  American  Medical  Association.  Dr.  Ledlie 
has  a  very  large  practice,  and  one  of  the  largest  and  best  arranged 
offices  in  the  country.  April  4,  1856,  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  he 
married  Elizabeth  Betterton,  a  native  of  England,  and  their  chil- 
dren are  Elizabeth  B.,  born  April,  1857,  Ann  F.,  born  in  1859,  and 
died  when  about  6  weeks  old,  James  C,  born  in  1861,  and  died 
Nov.,  1878,  and  Mary  H.,  born  in  1863. 

J.  C.  L<ians^  druggist.  This  house  was  opened  in  1877,  being  a 
copartnership  of  Lewis  &  Hyde,  who  carried  on  a  lucrative  trade 
for  15  months,  when  the  firm  dissolved.  Under  its  present  man- 
agement it  carries  a  stock  of  $4,000,  witii  average  sales  of  §30,000 
per  year,  and  is  the  finest  and  largest  drug  store  in  the  county;  it  is 
located  on  the  north  side  of  the  Public  Square,  Pittsfield.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Scott  county.  111.,  in  1849,  and 
was  married  in  Jan.,  1878,  to  Miss  Fannie  Ray,  a  native  of  this 
county,  and  daughter  of  John  and  Margaret  (Huber)  Ray.  They 
have  one  child,  whom  they  have  christened  Ra}^,  born  April  13, 
1879.     Mr.  L.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

J .  C.  Lindsay y  of  the  firm  of  Lindsay  &  Silvernail,  grocers,  Pitts- 
field. The  business  here  was  originally  carried  on  by  H.  II.  Thomas, 
passing  into  the  hands  of  his  successor,  J.  C.  Lindsay,  in  1876. 
In  1879  Alfred  Silvernail  was  admitted  to  the  firm,  and  the 
concern  is  doing  a  thriving  business.  Mr.  L.  is  a  native  of  High- 
land county,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in  1842. 

WlUlam, Lorett.,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  is  a  native  of 
Vermont,  born  May  6,  1808;  was  married  in  Connecticut  in  1829 
to  Sarah  Graham,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  14  children,  10  girls 
and  4  boys;  the  latter  were  all  in  the  late  war.  Mr.  L.  owns  195 
acres  of  land  worth  $40  per  acre;  his  father  was  in  the  war  of  the 
Revolution.    He  belongs  to  the  Baptist  Church,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

James  Manton,  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  is  a  son  of  John 
and  Elizabeth  Manton,  both  natives  of  England,  where  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  born  Jan.  2,  1S15.  He  came  to  America  in  1854, 
and  settled  in  this  county.  Fourteen  years  prior  to  his  coming  to 
America  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Charlotte  llamerton 
Shets,  who  is  also  a  native  of  England.  To  them  have  been  born  14 
children,  10  of  wlnjm  are  living, — William,  Tiiomas,  George,  Ma- 
ria, Lucy  A.,  James,  Nancy,  Anna,  Lizzie  aiid    Fannie.     The  de- 


602 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 


cease<i  arc  Rachel,  Mary  A.,  Emma  and  Charles.  Mr.  Mantou  is 
one  of  the  largest  larmers  aiul  laiul-huUlers  in  this  countv,  owniiiir 
825  acres  ot'  hiiul,  valued  at  ^.'t5  per  acre.  Wiieii  he  came  to  Amer- 
ica he  was  the  posses.sor  of  hut  ^1."),  and  by  ener^'v,  ap|»lication  and 
business  tact  he  is  able  to  rank  amon^  the  solid  men  <»f  l*ike  county, 
and  as  one  of  the  leading  and  pronjinent  citizens  of  the  county'  we 
^ive  his  portrait  in  the  pa«;es  of  this  volume. 

IL>n.  A.  ('.  J/'////<tvrx,  attorney  at  law  and  Representative  from  the 
38th  District,  was  born  in  Pike  county,  111.,  u  \^IV.\;  brought  up  on  a 
farm;  graduated  at  Illinois  College,  Jacksonville,  111.,  in  1855;  was 
adujitted  to  the  bar  in  1858;  was  the  last  commanding  othcer  (C«)lo- 
nel)  of  the  IV.Uh  III.  Vol,  Inf.  in  the  late  war;  from  ls»;!»  to  1S75 
was  Collector  of  Internal  lU'venue  in  the  IHh  District  of  Illinois, 
but.  resigning  this  position,  he  was  a|)pointed  Supervisor  of  Inter- 
nal Itevenue,  which  plaee  he  also  resigned  iluly  1,  l*^76,  when  he 
returned  t«»  the  practice  of  law;  l>ut  in  November  following  he  was 
elected  as  a  Reprehcntative  in  the  State  Legislature,  receiving  12.- 
600  votes,  and  in  1^7*>  was  re-eh'cted  by  5,.'»68^  votes. 

Azarid/i  Mnys,  farmer,  sec.  H2;  P.  ().,  New  Hartford;  is  a  na- 
tive of  Ohio.  iMirn  in  1827,  and  was  married  there  in  1^4s,  to  Miss 
Rel>ecca  .1.  Davis,  who  was  born  in  Aug.,  1^28.  Tiny  are  the  pa- 
rents of  3  chihiren,  — .Man-ellus.  Kllic.  now  wife  of  K<lwar<l  Dun- 
ning, of  this  county,  and  William.  .Mr.  .M.  came  to  this  county  in 
1864;  owns  I'H)  acres  of  land,  worth  $♦'»(»  per  acre.  He  was  in  the 
late  war,  in  Co.  C,  4'.*th  Mi^-^.  < ).  I.,  and  served  2  m«uiths,  and 
was  «lischargfd  in  cons»'(juenee  of  disability.      He  is  a  Republican. 

r/.  //.  M'Cliutock,  farmer,  sec  25;  P.  O.,  Pittstield;  is  a  native 
of  this  county,  born  April  2H,  1839:  is  a  son  of  William  and  Rar- 
bara  (  Ribble)  McClintock,  natives  of  Tennessee  and  Indiana,  re- 
BjHjctively.  Aug.  2*^.  1874,  he  married  Catharine  Dutheld,  who 
was  lx>rn  in  Indiana,  .March  7.  1845,  ami  they  are  the  parents  of  6 
children,  5  living;  their  names  are  Alice,  Wm.  F.,  Lucinda  A., 
James  L..  Parbara  C.  and  Paul.  Mr.  M.  hohjs  the  office  of  C'ol- 
lector  at  the  j)resent  time,  and  is  a  memln-'r  of  the  Christian  Church, 
and  an  Odd  Fellow. 

£<iwanl  M'Cotighei/,  farmer,  sec.  11;  owns  120  acres  of  land, 
worth  $.'»<>  ]>er  acre;  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  borfj  in  1819;  came  to 
America  in  I?»44.  and  settled  in  Rhode  Islainl;  was  married  in 
New  York  in  ls.")<>,  to  Anna  McCormick,  also  a  native  of  Ireland, 
and  was  born  in  June,  1830.  They  have  had  2  children,  one  liv- 
ing,— Patrick  P.  The  name  of  the  deceased  was  Sarah.  Roth  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  McC.  are  meml»ers  of  the  (.'athoHc  Church. 

Jordan  JlcS/^ncn^  carpenter,  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  where  he 
was  born  in  1816;  he  came  to  this  State  in  1888;  the  same  year  he 
was  united  in  carriage  with  Mary  Badgely.  a  native  of  Pennsylvania, 
where  she  was  l»orn  in  1819.  To  them  have  been  born  7  children, 
0  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  McSpawn  has  served  as  Constable  four 
years,  and  Deputy  SheritI'  two  terms.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church,  and  politically  a  Republican. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  693 

//.  R.  Milhs  dealer  in  books  and  stationery,  Pittsfield,  is  a  na- 
tive ofOliio,  where  he  was  horn  in  1X5:');  in  1SC9  he  was  united  in 
marriaije  in  this  county  with  Miss  Barbara,  daughter  of  D.  D.  and 
Julia  (Burl)ri(lge)  Ilieks.  Tlieir  two  chihJren  are  Arthur  II.  and 
Frank  W..  Both  he  and  his  wife  belong  to  the  Church  of  the  Lat- 
ter-Day  Saints.  Islw  M.  has  held  the  office  of  Town  Clerk  two 
terms.     Politically  he  is  a  Republican. 

James  Mirrielees  t6  Co.,  grocers,  Pittsfield.  The  copartnership 
of  tliis  house  was  formed  in  1867,  and  the  firm  carry  a  stock  of 
$3,0'^0,  with  annual  average  sales  of  $20,000,  and  enjoy  increasing 
trade.  Mr.  M.  is  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  was  born  in  1S40; 
crossed  the  ocean  to  America  in  1863,  and  settled  in  St.  Louis, 
where  he  resided  until  he  came  to  this  county  in  1867. 

Rufus  M.  Murray^  County  Treasurer;  was  born  in  Kinderhook, 
Pike  county,  in  1837;  is  a  son  of  Eleazer  ^Eurray,  who  settled  in 
that  tp.  in  1832,  and  died  in  1852.  Jan.  I,  1868,  Mr.  Murray  mar- 
ried Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Squire  Wilson,  of  Kinderhook.  He  has 
filled  many  local  offices  in  his  native  tp.,  where  he  resided  until 
called  to  fulfill  the  duties  of  his  present  position.  He  is  one  of 
the  reliable  men  of  the  county,  and  has  many  warm  friends. 

C.  L.  Ohst,  photographer,  was  born  in  Saxony,  Germany,  in 
1832;  emigrated  to  this  country  in  1849  and  settled  in  Baltimore, 
Md.,  where  he  engaged  in  decorative  painting.  Subsequently  he 
removed  to  York,  Pa.,  and  to  this  coniity  in  1857;  the  same  year 
was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  AVildin,  and  they  have  one  child. 
He  established  himself  in  his  present  business  in  1859  and  is  en- 
joying a  fair  trade. 

"^Jeff  Orr,  State's  Attorney,  located  in  Pittsfield  Feb.  26,  1873, 
and  entered  upon  his  profession  the  same  year.  Nov.  7,  1879,  he 
married  Ella  M.  Yates.  He  is  a  hard  student  of  the  law  and  wed- 
ded to  his  profession ;  is  permanently  located  in  Pittsfield,  where  he 
expects  to  devote  the  remainder  of  his  life  to  his  vocation.  Ella 
M.  is  reading,  and  will  take  a  thorough  law  course,  to  assist  her 
husband  in  his  profession.  Mr.  Orr  is  a  native  of  Harrison  county, 
Ohio. 

C.  W.  Patterson  is  a  native  of  Berkshire  county,  Mass.,  and  was 
born  Jan.  9,  1S29;  was  married  Sept.  10,  18-i8,  to  Mary  V.  Carpen- 
ter, a  native  of  the  same  county,  by  whom  he  has  2  children.  He 
is  a  blacksmith  by  trade  and  followed  this  occupation  for  10  3'ears 
after  settling  in  Pittsfield;  he  subsecpiently  officiated  as  Deputy 
Postmaster  2^  years,  and  asaisted  as  clerk  in  the  store  of  J.  B.  AVal- 
mouth  until  elected  Justice  of  the  I*eace,  in  which  ca])acity  he  has 
served  for  10  successive  years,  the  duties  of  which  he  has  always 
discharged  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  public. 

Marcellus  Peckinpaw^  grocer;  inaugurated  himself  in  business 
on  the  west  side  of  the  Square  in  1873,  in  com])any  with  John 
Boyd,  in  the  sale  of  tobacco,  etc.  Eighteen  months  afterward  the 
firm  dissolved,  and  Mr.  P.  carried  on  a  successful  trade  under  his 
own  name;  subsequently  he  formed  a  partnership  with  J.  C.  Lind- 


0^4 


MISTOICY    <»K    IMKK    COl'NTY. 


say,  to  whom  lie  af'tersviinl  i^oKl,  hihI   in  IbTb   he  purcliiisctl  a  new 
htook  iin«l  ujK'ue*!  his  present  phioe;  has  a  stock  of  >s'J.(Hi(>. 

Willlant  I\nc<.,  tarnier,  see.  1  ;  P.  ().,  PittslifM  ;  whs  born  in 
Prel)le  county,  O.,  in  1839;  wuft  niiirried  in  1800  to  Miss  Surah 
Little,  and  they  have  2  chihlren,  Thonnis  A.  and  Ida  M.  Mr.  P. 
came  to  this  county  in  lsr»<;  nnd  >ettled  in  thib  tp.,  wlu-re  he  has 
bince  made  it  his  home  and  owns  7u  acres  <.f  hmd  v.ihicd  at  $(JU 
])er  acre.     In  p<jlitic«j  he  is  a  Democrat. 

O.  S.  J^gnniru/totiy  ticket  and  station  a^ent,  Pittstield;  horn  in 
Greene  county.  111.,  in  1S4I,  where  his  father,  .loel,  settled  in  1839. 
Ten  years  atterward  the  family  came  to  this  cit\'  where  Mr.  P.  en- 
ga«^ed  a«  clerk  in  the  Circuit  Clerk's  otHce,  where  lie  renuuned  fur 
Bome  years.  Suhsetiuently  he  entered  the  IIlin<»is  Colle;^e,  at  Jack- 
sonville, for  the  .-tuuv  of  law,  ami  at  the  hreakini;  out  of  the  Ue- 
helli«)n  received  an  appointment  as  clerk  in  the  dishnrsinji;  oflice 
at  Sprinj^tiiM,  and  was  promoted  to  Chief  ("lerk,  serving  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  return  in«f  home  lie  was  ap]>ointe<l  to  hig  present 
jHisition  in  1809,  and  the  same  year  marrieu  Miss  Annette  Stotit, 
who  <lied.  leavini;  one  child,  Frank.  His  present  wife  is  Maggie, 
«lau;;hter  of  .lame.-  Sutton,  of  Springtield. 

Gtonjt  Jl.  I'urkitt  is  one  of  the  early  and  ])rominent  citizens  of 
Pike  countv.  He  is  the  s«>n  ofllenrv  uiul  Marv  W.  iTucker)  Pur- 
kitt,  the  latter  of  wluun  is  still  living'  at  the  advaticj-d  a^e  of  91 
years.  Ilis  father  lived  to  the  ji^e  of  92.  (ieorge  I».  is  a  native 
of  Massachusetts,  where  he  waa  Uirn  in  ls09.  He  came  to  Illinois 
in  1831  and  scttleil  in  Jacksonville,  where  he  attended  college  as  a 
cvunpanion  of  (tov.  Vates  The  followiui;  year  he  came  to  Pike 
County.  In  ls3«l,  in  Morj;an  county,  he  wa^  united  in  marriagt 
to  Harriet  Provor.t,  a  native  t»f  New  York,  where  she  was  horn  in 
1819;  she  died  in  1800;  hy  this  union  two  children  were  lM»rn,  one 
of  whom,  a  son.  is  living.  He  was  again  marrie<l  in  180.5,  this 
time  to  Mrs.  Phimelia  (iarhutt.  aUo  a  native  of  the  Kmpire  State, 
and  was  horn  in  1>1G.  Mr.  P.  i.-.  a  memher  of  the  Congregational 
Church,  and  is  one  of  the  earlv  and  honored  citizens  «d'  Pike 
countv. 

Wiinnn  II.  n<tftery,  taniirr.  sec.  21;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  owns  lOO 
acres  of  land  worth  $4<>  per  acre  ;  he  is  a  native  «»f  this  c<»unty. 
l)orn  Jan.  27,  1844;  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  had  but  limited 
Tneans  to  commence  active  life  witli,  but  by  industry  and  economy 
ha*  obtairu'«l  a  good  jiroj^^rty.  He  has  been  Dejtuty  Sherirt",  dis- 
charging his  duties  accejttably.  Wiis  nuirried  in  this  county  in  l^OS 
to  Nancy  E.  Mottley,  who  was  born  in  this  county,  Dec.  2,  1843. 
Thej  are  the  parents  of  5  chihlren.  viz:  John,  William,  Thomas. 
Robert  E.  and  Clarence.      Mr.  K.  is  of  Irish  descent. 

Jiiison  A.  Iiidei\  Circuit  Clerk  and  Recorder,  was  born  in  I>arn- 
Btable  county,  Mitss..  in  1n34;  came  West  with  his  parents  in  18.52, 
locating  at  Griggsville,  Pike  Co.  During  most  of  the  years  from 
1852  to  1864  he  was  engaged  in  steam-boating,  as  clerk,  with  his 
brother,  Capt.   Rider.     In  l^oS  he  married   Miss  Jennie  E.  Cree. 


4 


PITTSFIELD  Tf 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  697 

whose  family  were  early  settlers  in  the  county.  From  1864  to 
1873,  was  engao^ed  in  the  mercantile  business  at  Griggsville;  in 
1874  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  that  town,  which  office  he 
held  until  elected  to  his  present  ])osition  in  1876,  which  ])u.sition 
he  tills  with  entire  acceptability  to  the  public.  He  has  5  children, 
the  oldest  of  whom,  Samuel  W.,  is  Deputj'  Clerk. 

J.  Willis  Tioherts^  Justice  of  the  Peace,  was  born  in  Martins- 
Imri;  tp.,  this  couiiry,  Oct.  13,  1854,  son  of  J.  S.  Roberts,  editor  of 
The  Union,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Pittstield;  Aug.  10,  1868, 
became  to  Pittstield;  1873,  etc.,  he  taught  school  two  terms  in  this 
county;  from  June,  1875,  to  May,  1877,  he  spent  most  of  the  time 
in  Jersey  countv.  and  since  then  has  been  aijain  a  resident  of  Pitts- 
field.  Mr.  Roberts  has  a  good  education,  is  Clerk  of  Pittstield 
Town  Board  of  Trustees,  and  Sept.  19,  1878,  he  was  elected  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  M'hich  position  he  now  holds,  his  place  of  business 
being  on  the  north  side  of  the  Public  Square.  He  was  married 
Oct.  30,  1879. 

Chadt'S  Rogers^  farmer,  sec.  31 ;  P.  O.,  New  Hartford ;  owns  102-J- 
acres  of  land  worth  $50  per  acre  ;  is  a  son  of  David  and  Elizabeth 
(Sargent)  Rogers,  the  former  a  native  of  North  Carolina  and  the 
latter  of  South  Carolina.  He  was  born  in  Pike  county  in  1841 ;  in 
1862  he  enlisted  in  the  war  in  Co.  A,  99tli  lle^j:^.  I.  Y.l.\  served  8 
months  and  was  mustered  out  in  Missouri;  was  married  in  Pike 
county  in  1867,  to  Harriet  West,  a  native  of  England,  who  was 
born  in  1842.  Their  children  are  David  R.  and  Anna  M.  Those 
deceased  are  Ellen  and  William.  Mr.  R.  belongs  to  the  Masonic 
order,  and  is  a  Republican. 

Col.  Win.  Ross,  deceased,  was  born  April  24,  1792,  in  the  town 
of  Monson,  Hampden  county.  Mass.  His  father,  Micah  Ross,  in 
1805,  moved  to  Pittstield,  Mass.  Upon  the  declaration  of  war  in 
1812,  William  Ross  obtained  a  commission  as  Ensign  in  the  21st 
regiment  United  States  Infantry,  commanded  by  Col.  E.  W.  Rip- 
ley, and  was  soon  after  ordered  on  recruiting  service.  In  the  spring 
of  1813,  he  was  directed  to  unite  his  men  with  those  of  his  brother, 
Capt.  Leonard  Ross,  of  the  same  regiment,  at  Greenbush,  N.  Y., 
and  was  subsequently  dispatched  to  join  the  command  of  Major. 
Aspinwall,  about  five  hundred  infantry  of  the  9th  Regiment,  who 
had  been  ordered  to  take  up  a  forced  march  for  Ruifalo.  then 
threatened  b}'  the  enemy's  forces.  Arrived  at  Utica,  the  troops 
were  met  by  an  express,  informing  them  of  the  ca})ture  and  de- 
struction of  Buffalo,  and  directed  their  immediate  march  to  Sackett's 
Harbor.  Accordin;_dy,  proceeding  to  Oswego,  on  Lake  Ontario, 
they  embarked  in  fifty  oj)en  row-boats,  and  set  out  for  tlie  harbor; 
but  hardly  had  they  made  Stony  Island  than  they  heard  the  roar 
of  cannon,  and  discovered  the  British  fleet,  with  gun-boats  and  In- 
dian canoes  in  the  rear.  They  at  once  attempted  to  run  the  gauntlet 
of  the  enemy's  armed  vessels,  and,  rushing  amid  the  fire  of  the  gun- 
boats, twenty-five  of  their  own  frail  craft  succeeded  in  reaching  the 
harbor,  the  remainder  being  captured  by  the  British.    Captain  Ross 

40 


C98  II18TOKV    OK    PIKE  COUNTY. 

aiul  the  youiig  Eii6i<;i»  wciv  uiiKtij;;;  the  succfssful  ones.  Tlie  next 
day  took  jilacf  the  memorable  hattle  of  Suckett's  Ilarhor,  in  which 
tlie  brothers  led  about  tme  liuiuirinl  men,  and  in  which  50(1  Ameri- 
cans drove  back  1,1^)0  IJritish.  Ol"  the  detachment  commanded  by 
the  Rosses,  one-third  was  either  killed  or  wounded  in  the  c«»nllict. 

Soon  after  this  battle,  the  Rosses  were  transferred  to  the  4()th 
Re«^iment,  infantry,  and  onlered  t(»  the  seaboanl,  where  the  Captain 
took  command  of  F<»rt  Warren,  in  Rosidu  Harbor,  and  William 
Ross  was  detached  to  Marblehead,  to  drill  tin*  tr(»ops  of  that  post, 
and  sub6e<|uently  removed  to  the  (turnet  fort,  near  I'lyunmth,  Mass., 
where  he  remained  till  the  clofle  of  the  war.  He  then  returned  to 
PittsHeld,  and  set  up  the  bueiness  of  a  blacksmith,  iiirin;;  work- 
men, lu>wever.  as  he  posKesse<l  nc»  knowleilj^e  <d'  the   trade   himself. 

In  the  summer  of  l.s:i«»,  us  s|»oken  of  elsewhere  in  this  book,  in 
c«»mpany  with  four  brothcrts  and  u  few  other  families,  he  starte«i 
for  what  was  then  known  as  the  Far  West — the  State  of  Hliiiois. 

For  awhile    the    \>\  th  (,f  these  settlers  were   very  flatt»'rintj, 

but  afterwani  siekm  .i;.  i  death  enteretl  their  nmks.  C'ol.  Ross 
lout  his  first  wife,  one  brother,  and  several  if  the  company,  thetirst 
year.  Subftequently,  the  Colonel  visited  New  V(»rk,  and  married  a 
Miss  Adams,  «d*that  State,  after  which  he  returned  to  Hlinois,  laid 
out  a  t«»wn  enjbracin;;  his  first  location,  and  named  it  Atlas,  which 
afterward  beciime  the  county  seat  of  the  county.  There  had 
previouslv  been  establishcil  a  jMisttdficc,  calle<l  Ross  Settlement, 
but  this  desi|;nation  soon  pivo  way  to  the  one  now  adopted  by  the 
C<donel,  who  siKin  commenced  improving  a  farm,  and  built  a  mill, 
which  was  much  needed  at  the  time.  His  efforts  were  now  fol- 
loweil  by  the  ble^sin^s  ofa  kind  Rrovidonce;  and  thon^li  he  arrived 
in  niinois  a  |)oor  man,  he  8j>ce<lily,  through  economy  and  tintirin^ 
energy,  be;jan  to  realize  an  increase  of  j»roj>erty  and  pojnilarity. 
He  became  J  ud^'  of  I'robate  for  the  ci»unty  id'  Rike,  which  office 
he  held  tor  many  years,  enjoying  the  unlxuinded  c«»nfidence  of  the 
people.  He  also  served  a*  clerk  of  the  Circuit  and  County  Courts, 
and  filled  with  cretlit  many  minor  offices.  }im<»n<;  which  were 
Colonel  of  Militia  and  .Justice  of  the  Reace,  in  all  of  wliich  he  won 
the  esteem  of  his  felKiw-citizens. 

In  .Vpril,  1832,  at  the  commencement  of  the  Rlack  Hawk  war. 
Col.  Ross  was  ordere*!  by  the  Governor  to  raise  a  company  out  <d 
his  regiment  forthwith,  and  join  the  forces  at  IJeardstown.  He 
received  the  order  on  Friday,  and  on  the  following  Tuesday  pre- 
sented himself  at  the  rendezvous,  in  Reardstown.  with  double  the 
number  of  men  designated  in  the  reijuisition.  He  was  selected  a» 
aide  to  the  commanding  gcncnil,  served  with  much  popularity 
throughout  the  camoaign,  and  then  returned  once  more  to  ])rivate 
life,  devoting  himself  to  building  operations  and  the  imj)rovement 
of  the  county  where  he  resided.  Prosperity  still  smiled  <in  his 
every  efTort,  In  1835  he  was  electefi  to  the  Legislature  of  Illino-s. 
and  while  a  memljer  of  this  bod^'  procured  the  j>asaage  of  a  law 
peculiarly  adapted  to  the  Military  Tract,  which  afterward  j»roved 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  699 

of  great  iinjxjrtaiice  to  that  section  of  country.  Col.  Ross  was 
subse([uently  chosen  to  tlic  Senate  several  terms,  serving  live  or 
six  sessions  in  that  body. 

In  private  life  the  Colonel  was  a  warm  frienfl,and  willing,  more- 
over, to  fttrgive  his  enemies.  Punctual  in  his  business  relations, 
governed  by  strict  integrity,  and  zealous  in  all  his  labors,  lie  won 
the  respect  and  esteem  of  his  fellow-citizens  in  every  walk. 

As  early  as  1833,  it  became  evident  to  the  people  of  Atlas  that 
the  county -seat  would  at  no  distant  day  be  removed  to  some  point 
nearer  the  center  of  the  county.  Col.  Ross  joined  heartily  in  this 
movement,  and  advajiced  to  the  county  authorities  the  money  with 
which  to  enter  the  land  upon  which  Pittstield  is  now  located. 
The  County  Commissioners — Col.  Rarne}',  George  Ilinman,  and 
Hawkins  Judd — did  the  Colonel  the  honor  to  ask  him  to  name  the 
new  county-seat,  which  he  accordingly  did,  calling  it  Pittstield,  in 
lionor  of  his  old  home  in  Massachusetts.  In  this  beautiful  place 
lie  erected  a  dwelling-house,  1835.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  no  public 
enterprise  in  the  county  ever  escaped  his  observation,  or  was  com- 
pleted without  his  aid. 

During  the  dark  days  of  our  late  civil  war,  though  incapacitated 
for  the  tield  by  an  almost  total  loss  of  sight,  he  used  his  influence 
and  his  purse  to  raise  men  to  defend  the  flag.  He  assisted  largely 
in  getting  up  the  99th  Illinois  regiment,  and  other  organizations 
of  troops  raised  in  Pike  county.  We  give  Col.  Ross'  portrait  in 
the  pages  of  this  volume. 

R.  C.  Scanland^  Pittsfleld,  was  born  in  Gallatin,  now  Carroll, 
county-,  near  the  mouth  of  the  Kentucky  river;  came  to  this  county 
in  1847  and  settled  in  this  city.  During  the  Rebellion  he  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  important  position  of  master  of  transportation  at 
Cairo,  which  oflSce  he  so  well  fllled  that  upon  his  resignation  he 
was  presented  with  a  beautiful  and  valuable  solid  silver  service  in- 
scribed ''  Capt.  R.  C.  Scauland,  by  his  many  friends. "  Leaving 
Cairo  he  returned  to  Pittsfleld  and  engaged  in  merchandising  until 
18T0,  when  he  accepted  the  agency  of  the  Continental  and  other 
insurance  companies,  and  has  since  made  that  line  a  specialty,  and 
the  large  business  done  attests  his  devotion  to  it.  He  has  paid  in 
losses  over  $25,000  in  Pike  county.  Mr,  S.  was  married  to  Miss 
S.  A.,  sister  of  Hon.  H.  T.  Mudd,  of  St.  Louis,  who  lived  but  a  short 
time  after  marriaj^e.  He  was  then  married  to  Miss  S.  J.,  dauj^hter 
of  AVilliam  Watson,  who  died,  leaving  a  son  and  a  daughter.  His 
present  wife  was  Miss  C.  S.  AVicks,  a  native  of  Syracuse,  New  York. 

R.  S.  Sellee.  farmer,  sec.  34;  P.  O.,  Pittsfleld;  owns  47 acres  of 
land  worth  §50  per  acre;  was  born  in  Missouri  April  11,  185S; 
married  in  this  county  in  1S77,  to  Emily  C.  Willsey,  and  the^'  have 
1  child,  Mary  E.,  born  Jan.  13,  1878.     Mr.  S.  is  a  Democrat. 

Benjamin  Sellon,  farmer,  sec.  27,  owns  80  acres  worth  $50  per 
acre;  was  born  in  England  July  28,  1818;  came  to  America  with  his 
father  in  ls21,  and  to  this  county  in  1886;  in  1861  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  D,  3d  Reg.  Mo.  Inf.  and  served  2  years;  was  in  the  battle  of 


700  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUMV. 

Arkiiiisjirt  l*.)>t.  .-.if;^!'  of  Vickshiir:;.  :iu<l  >t'viM;il  <iilu'r>.  lie  was 
first  nromotcd  tu  OrJfrly  Scr^jraMt  aii<l  tlirii  t<»  Ist  Lieutniaiit; 
serveu  2  years  atul  was  liuiioraoly  «lisclmr^e<l.  He  tlieii  or^aiiizctl 
a  Ke^.  of  colored  troops,  an*!  was  a|t|t<iiiit«'(|  l^t  Lieut.  He  was 
niarrie'l  in  this  county  in  1S4S  to  .Miss  Harriet — who  was  lntrii  in 
Ireland  in  1>1().  and  they  have  4  livin;^  ehildren, — John.  Harriet, 
Wiliiain  G.  and  Charlotte  Maria.  Mr.  S.  has  hcM  the  ollieeN  of 
Assessor  an«l  C'ollect«tr,  ele.  Ho  is  an  K|»i>co|>aliHn.  1'.  (>.,  Pitts- 
flehl. 

Dr.  T.  W.  Shasfid,  ]>hysieian  and  sur;^<'<»n,  was  Imrn  in  Siini,'ainon 
c»unty,  III.,  near  IVtei8luir^(ni'ar  where  Ahnihani  Lijjcolnonce  k«'|»t 
a  j^rocery),  Aup.  'JG,  IMU,  8on  of  John  (i.  and  Kli/.al»eth  H.  (Kd- 
wards),  tin*  former  a  native  of  KtMitneky  and  a  fanner,  and  the 
latter  of  North  Carolijui.  When  T.  \\\  was  4^  vears  of  a;fi»  the 
family  moved  to  Pittsfield,  where  Mrs.  t>.  died  Dec.  S,  IS'^J,  and 
Mr.  S.  Feb.  5.  1S74.  The  siihject  of  this  brief  hioijrapliy  was  edu- 
cated in  his  l)oyhoo«l  in  Pittstidd,  and  suhsisjuentlv  receive<l  his 
medical  education  with  Pr«»f.  tinhn  T.  Hodi^en  of  I*ittstield,  atjd 
at  .McDowiU's  ('..11.  'c.  which  was  the  ni«»lical  den.'irtment  ol'  the 
University  of  til  «)f  Mis-.»uri  at  St.  Luiis.     After  ^radnatin<^ 

lie  first   settled  at  Pleasant   Hill,  practiciii;;  there  for  h\  years,  in 

f>artnershi|)  with  Dr.  .I"hn  A.  Thomas  for  about  :i  years;  sin<!e  then 
le  has  nri-f" 1  at  Pilthtield,  where  he  '\r>  now  Kvaminin^  Sur;^'eon 

for  U.  S.  1  ;ier».     Au^.  2.  In'IO,  he  married  Mary  K.   Kdwards, 

by  whom  he  had  one  st»n,  Wm.  Kdwanis.  .March  I'j,  iSfiJ^  Oct.  1 
l^iifi.  he  married  a  .-ei-ond  time,  takin;;  L^mise  M.  Hidl.  and  their 
ciiildren  an*,  Thomas  Hall,  born  July  1J»,  lsC»I,  Jon  Shepherd, 
.Ian.  *_'<>.  1S7<>;  ami  J«»scph  Calvin.  April  l.'J,  ls77. 

Wi/fi'tm  S/tinn.  The  foumlers  ot  the  Sl»i'>n  family  in  America 
were  :i  brothers,  whoemijfratcd  from  Kn*;land,  their  native  country, 
alnjut  150  years  a:r'>.  -  of  them  l'K*atin^  in  New  Jersey  near  Phila- 
delphia and  1  in  \'ir;»inia,  where  they  reared  families;  they  were 
prominent,  res|»ectable  jKJople,  many  of  them  l»eing  in  the  ministry, 
principally  Methodists.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  descendtnl 
from  the  New  Jersey  brancli  of  tlie  family.  His  father,  Daniel 
Shinn.  is  the  first  of  the  family  that  l<K*atud  in  Pike  county,  and 
is  counter!  as  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  respected  of  Pike 
county's  pioneers.  On  his  arrival  here  in  182o,  he  located  near 
the  pre.-ent  town  of  Atlas.  IL  broui^ht  into  the  cuunty  at  that 
time  the  first  wa:;on  that  ever  came  within  its  boundaries  ;  about 
2  years  afterwards  he  l)ought  a  farm  of  100  acres  on  the  N.  W.  ^ 
of  sec.  12.  Atlas  tp.,  on  which  he  immediately  erected  a  small  loj^ 
house,  into  which  he  move<l  with  his  wife  and  rt  children.  He  was 
marrieil  in  the  State  of  New  Jersey  to  Mary  Ilaskett.  who  was  of 
Scotch  descent,  and  the  6  children  lK)rn  to  them  l>efore  they  came 
to  this  county,  were  all  born  near  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  their  names 
were  nenjamin.  John.  Eliza,  Mary,  Hannah  and  Pha?l>e.  The  first, 
thirvl  an<l  last,  are  the  only  ones  now  living. 

The  tuiin    above  mentioned  wa^?  whollv  in  .i  wild  state,  in   tlic 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  701 

midst  of  lieavj  timber,  no  improvements  of  any  kind,  and  conse- 
quently he  had  more  to  contend  with  than  many  in  a  new  country, 
but  he  was  endowed  with  that  indomitable  energy  a!id  perseverance 
so  necessary  to  the  pioneer,  and  went  bravely  to  work;  his  means 
were  limited,  and  with  a  large  family  to  support,  it  was  no  small 
merit  to  obtain  success.  He  was  a  mati  of  strons:  reli<;ious  convic- 
tions,  generous  and  aftable  to  all.  He  was  the  first  to  open  the 
house  for  religious  worship,  Methodist  meetings  being  held  there 
for  10  years,  lie  was  prosperous,  and  gave  his  sons  between  700 
and  SOO  acres  of  land;  he  died  in  March,  1852,  and  his  wife  in  Sept., 
18-1:0;  they  had  a  family  of  13  children,  7  of  whom  were  i)oi-n  in 
this  county, — Xancy,  Lydia,  Ileiiry,  William,  Daniel,  Asa,  and  an 
infant,  deceased.  Of  these  7,  only  Xancy,  Lydia  and  William  are 
living. 

Wtn.  Shiiiii^  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  in  this  county 
Jan  7,  1827;  his  early  education  was  obtained  in  the  old-fashioned 
log  school-liouse,  with  split  logs  or  puncheons  for  seats  and  desks. 
He  was  principally  employed  on  his  father's  farm  during  his  boy- 
hood, where  he  acquired  habits  of  industry  and  application  necessary 
to  success. 

June  27,  1846,  he  married  Mary  Jane  Lytle,  at  the  residence  of 
her  father,  Andrew  Lytle.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  had  5  children,  4  of 
whom  are  living,  —  Elizal^eth,  nowm;irried  to  Wm.  Gay,of  Atlas  tp., 
AUuon,  married  to  Luc\'  Woolfolk,  also  living  in  Atlas  tp.,  Wm.  D. 
and  Mary,  who  live  with  their  parents,  and  i)aniel,  who  died  at  the 
age  of  6  years.  Mr.  Shinn  followed  farming  until  1850,  when  he 
went  to  California,  it  being  theheii^rht  of  the  gold  excitement.  After 
an  absence  of  nearl}'  a  year  he  returned,  having  met  with  fail-  suc- 
cess. He  went  the  overland  route,  and  remembers  well  talkinir  with 
companions  of  the  impossibility  of  the  railroad  ever  going  through 
that  vast  country.  He  again  resumed  farming,  and  has  followed  it 
ever  since.  He  has  been  prominently  identified  with  the  business 
interests  of  Pike  county,  as  an  extensive  buyer  and  shipper  of  cattle, 
hogs  and  sheep,  for  the  Ciiicago  and  St.  L^iis  markets.  He  has 
been  engaged  in  this  business  for  30  consecutive  years,  is  now  one 
of  the  largest  farmers  in  Pike  county,  having  some  1,200  acres  of 
farm  land,  raising,  on'an  average,  200  acres  of  corn,  150  acres  of  wheat, 
and  handles  15U  head  of  cattle,  and  from  400  to  50"  head  of  sheep, 
turning  oft'  each  year  from  125  to,  140  fat  sheep.  About  the  year 
1860  lie  bought  his  present  residence  and  farm  on  sec.  32,  Pittsfield 
tp.,  then  consisting  of  110  acres.  To  it  has  since  been  added  so 
that  there  are  now  530  acres. 

^Irs.  Shinn's  father,  Andrew  Lytic,  and  his  wife,  Elizabeth  (Wag- 
oner) Lytle,  were  early  settlers  in  this  county,  dating  back  to  1837. 
He  was  a  native  of  Ross  county,  O.,  and  his  wife  of  ^Maryland. 

Augustus  Slmpklns  was  born  in  Marion  county,  Ind.,  in  1833" 
came  to  this  countv  in  1856,  and  settled  on  a  farm  in  Martinsburg 
tp.  Three  years  afterward  he  went  to  Rock]iort  and  engaged  in 
merchandising,  where  he  remained   \iiitil    1870,  when   he  was  ap- 


702  HISTORY  OF  pikp:  county. 

pointed  Deputy  Slicriff,  and  two  years  afterward  was  eiectcd  Slieriti". 
Before  the  close  of  his  term  he  leased  the  Mansion  House,  which 
he  kept  for  li  months,  then  sold  out,  opfnin*;  his  present  jtlace  of 
business,  lie  was  twice  elected  constablt.'  in  this  city,  and  8n|>er- 
visor  in  Martinsburt^  tp.  and  Atlas,  also  a  meml)er  ot  the  Town 
Board  tor  :{  years,  and  l)as  always  taken  an  active  ititerest  in  county 
affairs.  In  1S51  he  married  Nancy  1.  I''r:iin-is,  and  they  have  5 
living;  children. 

J.  A.  Smithy  stock-deabr,  is  a  native  of  Ohio,  where  lie  was  born 
in  1S33;  was  reared  U|)on  a  farm  and  a<loj)ted  that  as  his  profession, 
which  he  followed  until  1S«;1;  In*  then  embarked  in  the  mercantile 
business,  lie  erected  a  lar^e  mill  at  Tinn*,  this  county,  in  lsG7, 
which  he  conducted  for  4  years,  lie  now  owns  3  houses  in  that 
town  and  KIO  acres  of  land  in  Hardin  tj>.,  an  interest  in  a  warehouse 
at  Mont«'Zuma,  etc.  He  buys  and  shij>s  cattle,  horses,  hoj^s  an«l 
sheep,  and  is  a  lari^eand  liberal  purchaser.  He  came  to  thi.->  county 
in  lNf)3,  and  '1  years  later  was  marrie«l  to  Mary  Dinsmore,  a  na- 
tive of  this  State.  She  was  born  in  1S3S,  atid  died  in  1871.  To 
them  were  born  4  children.  He  was  married  in  1873  to  L.  H. 
Allen,  who  was  born  in  Kei'tnckv  in  ls38.  Ix>lie  is  tiieir  onlv 
child. 

Jerenxuih  /Vmv,  farmer,  sec.  6;  I*.  ().,  Pitlstield;  was  born  in 
Il4»ckini;ham  county,  V^a.,  in  1S(»7;  is  a  son  of  Williatn  and  Chris- 
tina (Sellers)  IVnce,  of  that  State.  ^le  was  married  in  Ohio  in 
1832,  to  Mar«;aret  A.  Brawly,  a  native  of  Ni»rth  Carolina;  he  came 
to  this  countv  in  1*^37,  and  the  following;  vear  he  selected  the  site 
of  his  present  home,  which,  fnHU  an  unl)roken  wilderness,  has  been 
tran-formed  to  a  well  cultivated  farm,  com|»risinfr  IS5  acres,  valued 
at  :js4'»  |)er  acre.  Mr.  1*.  is  one  of  the  oldest  .settlers  of  the  county, 
anil  a  stauiudi  Democrat.     Of  his  several  children  3  are  livjnj^. 

Dr.  Ahfitr  F.  Si)encer,\'i\rinev,  sec.  7  ;  1*.  O.,  Pittstield;  soti  of 
I.saiic  an<l  Khoda  (Beadsley)  Spencer,  the  former  a  native  of  Xew 
York,  and  the  latter  of  Connecticut.  Abner  V.  is  a  native  of  Con- 
necticut, and  was  born  July  11,  1823;  emi:;rated  to  this  county  in 
1852,  and  settled  in  this  tn.  Dec.  1_',  1^.''<».  he  married  Mary  E. 
Sanders,  a  native  of  KentucKv,  and  who  was  born  in  1833.  and  thev 
have  had  \)  children,  7  livirii;,  namely:  James  S.,  Mary  E..  now 
wife  <»f  Miles  Cox,  of  Kentucky,  Elizabeth  P.,  Lewis  L.,  Martha 
B.,  Abner  F.  and  Abi;ora.  Those  deceased  are  Frank  and  I.saac. 
The  DtK'tor  commenced  his  medic.-il  studies  in  1S4C,  <^raduating  at 
the  Sierlinij  Me<lical  Collei^e  at  Columbus.  Ohio,  in  1849,  and  com- 
menced ]>ractice  the  same  year  and  continued  it  until  1802.  He 
now  owns  100  acres  of  land  worth  $50  per  acre.  In  religious  faith 
he  is  a  Swedenboro^ian,  and  Tn  politics  is  a   Republican. 

/'.  Struftirxjer.  Pittstield.  was  born  in  Abbotstown,  Pa.,  in  1832; 
came  to  this  countv  in  1803  and  settled  0  miles  west  of  this  citv, 
where  he  euf^aged  in  farmin;;,  ami  w<jrking  at  his  trade,  plastering. 
Subsequently  he  visited  his  native  State  and  returned  to  this  city 
in  1866,  and  the  followinor  year  opened  the  market  now  occujdea 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  703 

by  Mr.  Siinpkiiis.     The  next  year  lie  established  himself  in  his 
present  business. 

Jitcoh  Strauss,  of  the  Hrin  of  Strauss  Brothers,  merchants,  west 
side  of  the  Sipiare,  Pittsfield,  where  they  carry  a  large  stock  of  dry- 
goods,  clothini;,  etc.  Jacob  was  born  in  February,  1843,  and  came 
to  America  in  1S58  and  settled  in  New  York,  where  ho  remained 
4  years,  during  which  time  he  clerked  in  a  dry-goods  store;  in  18^)3 
lie  came  to  this  county  and  embarked  in  business,  where  he  has  an 
extensive  and  increasing  trade,  carrying  a  large  stock,  and  employ- 
ing four  salesmen.  In  1873  he  was  united  in  marriage  at  Cincin- 
nati with  Minnie  Herman,  who  was  born  in  1853,  in  his  native 
Country  in  Europe.  They  have  two  children,  Emanuel  and  Samuel. 
William  2L  TJiompson,  teacher,  was  born  Oct.  19,1846,  in  Car- 
roll county,  Va. ,  and  is  a  son  of  Raleigh  Thomjison,  of  Livingston 
county.  Mo.  lie  was  a  soldier  in  the  C/onfederate  army,  and  since 
that  time  worked  by  the  month  to  obtain  money  to  defi-ay  his  ex- 
penses while  attending  school  in  Pittstield.  He  taught  3  years  at 
Fairview  school-house  near  Pittsfield,  and  is  now  teacher  of  Inde- 
pendence School,  Hardin  tp.,  and  is  very  successful  as  a  teacher, 
and  one  of  the  most  iirominent  teachers  of  the  county. 

Aurjnstus  Tromhold,  blacksmith,  Pittsfield,  is  a  native  of  Ger- 
many, born  Nov.  22,  1847;  came  to  America  in  1849,  remaining  7 
years  in  New  York,  thence  to  Iowa,  and  in  1809  to  Pittsfield,  where 
he  has  since  resided.  He  was  married  in  Brown  county  in  1873  to 
Miss  L.  C.  Ritter,  a  native  of  Ohio,  born  in  1854,  and  they  have  3 
children:  Anna,  George  J,  and  Charles  A.  Mr.  T.  is  a  member  of 
the  Lutheran  Cliurch.  and  is  a  Democrat.  In  1803  he  enlisted  in 
an  Iowa  Cavalry  Reg't,  serving  one  year. 

W^ll'm7n^Y atson,  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  26,  1798,  son  of 
Archibald  Watson  of  that  State,  who  emigrated  to  Missouri  in  1818, 
and  settled  in  Louisiana.  Ten  years  after,  he  moved  to  St.  Charles, 
where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his  days.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  married  at  Galena  in  1828,  to  Miss  Diadema  McQuigg, 
a  native  of  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  where  she  was  born  in  1802.  After 
marriage  he  returned  to  St.  Charles,  and  in  1833  came  to  this  city, 
and  settled  temporarily  in  a  small  hut  or  shanty,  then  located  on  the 
present  site  of  the  city  S(|uare,  being  the  first  settler  of  Pittsfield. 
Same  year  he  erected  a  dwelling  south  of  the  Mansion  House,  where 
he  opened  a  small  stock  of  goods.  Two  pilgrims  named  Greene 
and  Barber  were  boarders  in  the  family  at  that  time.  This  edifice 
still  stands  the  test  of  time  and  as  a  living  monument  to  his  decay- 
ing memory  and  declining  years.  Five  3'ears  later  he  built  the  Man- 
sion House,  which  he  conducted  successful Iv  for  14  years.  His 
mercantile  pursuit  of  21  year>  was  crowned  with  ]iros|ierity,  and 
he  retired  from  the  active  field  of  life  with  considerable  wealth,  so 
that  his  old  age  can  be  spent  in  reaping  the  reward  of  a  well  di- 
rected industry.  He  was  at  one  time  Judge  of  the  Probate  Court, 
and  served  as  County  Treasurer  4  years.  He  is  residing  with  hig 
■only  living  child,  Ellen,  wife  of  Rev.  Dr.  Barrett,  deceased,  as 


704  HIBTOKY    OK    I'lKK  COUNTY. 

of  the  j^ioiK'crs  of  Pike  coiintv,  a  wurtliy  and  venerable  citizen.    We 
give  the  portrait  ot'  Mr.  Watstm  in  the  pa^es  of  this  hook. 

Jiimes  W>i)i»t:lU  farmer,  sec.  31;  is  a  8on  of  William  and  Su- 
sannah (Gray)  Wasgell,  natives  of  En<;land;  wIhj  cjime  to  America 
in  1830,  where  the  snhject  of  our  sketch  was  horn  in  1835.  His 
parents  I»roiii;ht  him  to  this  county  in  1837.  In  1857  he  married 
Sarah  K.  Mulhec,  who  was  horn  in  Mori^an  county,  this  State,  and 
after  heconiinj^  the  mother  of  C  children,  died.  The  names  of  the 
childr»-n  are  NIary,  William,  Klmer,  (irant,  CTeor<;ia  and  Arthur.  In 
1^70  Mr.  W.  miirritd  Kmma  Ilenlley,  a  native  of  this  county,  who 
was  l»orn  in  Is.'iU.  He  is  a  r.iiMnl..-  ,,f  th.'  Christian  C'hurch,  and 
a  KcpuMican  in  politics. 

lion.  Scoft  Wik^,  attorney  at  law.  wju»  horn  Aj)ril  «».  lt>34,  near 
.Mijulvillc,  Pa.,  son  of  (teor;;e  and  .Vnn  (fJrubh)  Wikc,  mitiven  of 
Pennsylvania,  who  came  to  (.^uincy  in  183S, and  to  Pike  (Jo.  in  the 
gprin;;  t»f  1S44.  Mr.  (Jeor^e  NVike  still  resities  near  Parry,  where 
he  fortnerly  was  a  woolen  manufacturer  at  tlie  **  Parry  \V<M»len 
Mills."  The  subject  of  this  sketch  studied  law  one  vear  at  Ilur 
var<l  University,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1'>5S,  and  Oct.  8,  ls.'»l*, 
he  located  in  Pittstield  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law;  in  18t]2 
and  lsr)4  he  was  electeil  liepresentativu  in  the  State  Lei^islature 
from  Pike  and  Scott  counties;  and  in  1874  he  was  electeu  to  Con- 
gress, lie  commenc«*<l  the  practice  of  law  alone,  but  afterward 
formed  a  partnership  with  Milt«»n  Hay  and  A.  0.  Matthew^,  then 
withC.  L.  Hi^luHMUitil  1801  andthen  wasalonea^ain  ntitil  February* 
1879,  when  he  entered  int4j  partnership  with  .Mr.  .Matthews  and 
Harrv  Hi;;lM'e. 

George  Wild^r^  farmer,  sec.  1>;  P.  ().,  Pittsfield;  l>orn  in  York 
Co.,  Pa.,  in  1827;  marrietl  Caroline  Keener,  a  native  of  the  same 
State,  by  whom  he  Inis  4  children;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857,  and 
settled  on  his  present  estate,  consisting;  of  PIO  ncres  well  cultivated 
land,  valucti  at  $lu<»  per  acre.  This  farm  and  improvements  may 
Ik;  conNidere<l  thetinesl  in  this  tp.  The  house  i^  a  two  story  frame 
buildini;,  with  all  modern  improvements,  and  occupies  a  sightly 
eminence  above  the  road,  command ini;  a  fine  view  of  the  surnjund- 
injx  country.  This  farm  is  now  open  for  purchase,  and  a  bargain 
for  a  first-class  farmer. 

John  11.  Wildin,  artist,  Pittsfield,  was  l>orn  Feb.  14.  1^44,  and 
is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  ami  a  son  of  John  atid  Magdalene 
(Stubini;or)  Wildin.  Until  19  years  of  a^e  he  followed  farming; 
came  to  Illinois  in  1^53,  and  settled  in  this  county,  and  for  the 
last  8  years  has  Wen  practicin«j  his  profession.  In  1876  he  mar- 
rie<i  Hester  McFadden,  who  was  lx»rn  in  Missouri  in  1850.  Polit- 
icjiUy  he  is  a  Democrat. 

William  Elza  \niliams  was  born  in  Detroit  township  near 
the  town  of  Detroit,  this  county.  May  5.  1857.  He  is  the  second 
child  of  David  Anderson  and  Emily  Adeline  Williams,  both  of 
whom  were  reareii  in  Pike  county,  and  the  otfspring  of  hardy  pio- 
neer settlers.    His  irreat-<j^rand father  J?'/ ^er/Jdt, Williams,  came 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    CODNTY.  705 

to  this  country  froiu  Eiii^land  previous  to  the  Kevulution,  and 
fought  for  his  adopted  c<»untry  throu;^huut  that  war,  and  was 
at  the  surrender  of  Yorktown.  and  also  was  a  soUlier  in  the  war  of 
1812  from  North  Carolina.  The  grandfather,  John  xVnderson  Wil- 
liams, was  horn  in  ^[arvland  in  17l>9,  and  removed  with  his  father 
to  North  Carolina  when  but  a  small  boy,  whence  he  came  to  Illi- 
nois with  a  large  family  in  1834.  He  settled  on  sec.  32,  Detroit 
township,  where  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  afterward  born. 
With  the  assistance  of  a  large  family  he  ojiened  up  an  extensive 
farm  and  Ijecame  a, wealthy  and  inHuential  citizen.  He  was  a  de- 
voted member  of  the  Baptist  Church,  a  firm  su])porter  of  Jackson 
and  Douglas,  and  died  in  1876  at  a  ripe  old  age,  in  Sedalia,  Mis- 
souri. David  Anderson  Williams,  the  father,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina  in  July,  1832.  Ue  was  tirst  married  to  Miss  Martesia 
Scanland,  of  Pittslield,  who  died  the  following  year  without  oflf- 
spring.  On  the  10th  of  May,  1854,  he  was- married  to  Miss  Emily 
Adeline  Hayden,  of  Newburg,  his  present  wife,  and  the  mother  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch.  He  is  now  living  on  the  old  home 
place,  a  good  and  respectable  citizen  and  neighl^or.  He  proudly  fol- 
lows in  the  footsteps  of  his  ancestors,  a  firm  and  unswerving  Demo- 
crat. The  mother  is  a  daughter  of  Louis  Elza  Hayden,  a  resident  of 
Newburg  town-hip,  and  was  born  in  November,  1837,  in  Pike  county. 
Her  father,  who  came  to  Illinois  from  Missouri  in  1834,  was  born  in 
Kentucky  in  1S09,  and  is  still  living,  a  spry,  active  old  man  71  years 
of  age.  His  grandfather,  Elisha  Hayden,  was  the  son  of  English  pa- 
rents and  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1755.  He  was  a  Hevolutionary 
hero  from  his  native  State,  where  his  body  now  lies.  His  son,  Elisha 
Hayden,  the  great  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was 
born  in  Virginia,  removed  to  North  Carolina  and  afterward  to 
Kentuckv,  where  he  entered  the  militarv  service  and  fougrht  j^al- 
lantly  through  the  war  of  1812. 

W.  E.  Williams  is  now  a  practicing  attorney  in  Pittsfield.  He 
was  reared  on  a  farm  with  the  privileges  of  a  district  school  four 
months  in  the  year,  from  which  he  entered  Illinois  College  at  Jack- 
sonville, at  the  age  of  19.  He  immediately  became  a  member  of  a 
college  society,  and  from  the  first  exhibited  great  powers  as  a  de- 
bater, and  was  among  the  first  scholars  in  school.  During  his  last 
collegiate  year  he  commenced  the  study  of  law,  and  Aug.  12,  1878, 
entered  the  law  office  of  J.  AV.  Johnson  at  Pittsfield,  and  became  a 
close  student.  After  the  formation  of  the  firm  of  Irwin  k,  John- 
son with  James  S.  Irwin  the  following  year,  he  remained  under  the 
instructions  of  both  until  March  5, 1880,  when  he  passed  a  success- 
ful examination  before  the  Appellate  Court,  1st  District,  at  Cirica<ro. 
On  the  24th  <»f  August,  1879,  he  was  married  to  Nliss  Maggie 
Gallaher,  of  Pittsfield,  daughter  of  James  Gallaher,  editor  of  the 
Old  Flag,  and  was  born  in  N.  Y.  City  June  11,  1857. 

Ahner  V.  Wills,  whose  portrait  may  be  found  in  this  volume, 
was  born  Feb.  14,  1S49,  at  Summer  Hill,  this  county,  and  is  a  son 
of  the  well  known  Win.  R.  Wills,  sr.      Mr.  Wills  is  at  present  one 


7f>6  HISTORY    <'F    PIKK    fOUXTY. 

of  tlie  Inrtjest  farmers  in  l*ike  county,  having  about  1,100  acres  of 
land.  He  raise.-  annually  on  an  average  "JOO  acres  of  wlioat,  80<) 
acres  of  corn,  and  turns  off  al»out  .'iUU  slieej),  of  which  he  kee[»s 
liigh  grades,  and  thorough-hred  stock  of  all  kinds,  and  in  which  lie 
is  ijuite  extensively  engaged.  lie  is  also  an  extensive  tlealer  and 
trauer  in  land,  etc.  His  own  residence  is  on  the  southwest  quarter 
of  sec.  21. 

March  22,  1808,  ho  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  llflnie. 
dau^rhter  of  .lolm  llclnie,  and  they  have  a  family  of  (3  children, 
nanu'ly,  .lulm.  William,  Emily,  Mille,  Melindji  and   Emmet. 

ChurliH  ]SilU,  barber,  I'ittstield;  l>orn  iti  (iermany  in  ls4ii; 
canje  to  America  in  1S54,  stopping  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  where  he 
remained  until  he  cAUie  to  this  city  in  l^«>^,  when  lie  established 
himself  in  Im^iness.  In  ls6:j  he  married  Elizabeth  Stueck,  a 
native  ol  (iermany,  and  they  have  .'>  chihiren.  Mr.  W.  is  an  enter- 
pi^sing  man,  and  ha>  a  fair  trade. 

WlUidin  li.  lI'iV/*,  sr.,  whose  portrait  we  (five  in  this  volume, 
was  born  in  New  York  in  islO;  at  the  ago  of  s  his  parents  moved 
to  the  Buckeye  .State,  where  they  remained  11  years;  when  11*  years 
of  age  he  started  Suith  in  company  with  a  younger  brother,  A.  V. 
Wills,  and  arrived  in  New  Orleans,  where  they  remaineil  for  sev- 
eral months;  W.  U.  then  returne<i  North,  locating  in  Pike  county, 
where  he  worked  as  a  laborer  for  six  vears.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  Sarah  M.  Coles  in  1^3t>.  She  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire  in  1">10;  after  his  marriage  he  cominence<l  farnj- 
ing  on  a  rente*!  farm  in  Atla^  tp.  His  wife  died  in  July  of  the 
same  year.  Being  \\\\\>  left  alone  in  the  world,  he  sold  out  what 
effects  he  had,  and  went  East.  Here  he  remained  about  *•  months; 
he  then  returned  to  Bike  county  and  engaged  in  trading  in  various 
ways  until  183.N;  in  that  year  he  marriec)  Miss  L,  I).  Scott,  who 
wjus  Ihirn  in  the  Empire  State  in  1>12,  ami  was  brought  t<»  Illinois 
in  l*^l*^.  Three  years  thereatUT  he  ]iurchased  a  farm  nearSummer 
Hill,  sec.  12,  Atlas  tp.  He  remained  there  for  f'w  years,  and  then 
sold  his  farm  and  bought  a  valuable  tract  of  land  on  sees.  20  and 
21,  I*ittstield  tp.  He  owneti  at  one  time  at  least  4,0(>0  acres  of  laixl 
in  this  county,  and  had  at  his  deccjisc  about  2,<hm)  acres;  and  he 
dieil  Aug.  G.  1"^72,  leaving  a  widow  and  three  chiMreu.  the  former 
of  whom  resides  in  Bittstield.  The  children  are, — William  U.,  jr., 
Abner  Vine  and  Lucy,  who  married  Jerome  D.  Chamberlain,  and 
now  resides  in  Eraiiklin  county,  Kan. 

Mr.  W.  held  a  eommissit*n  as  Lieutenant  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war.  This  commis>ion,  as  well  as  the  sword  he  used,  is  in  the 
possession  of  his  son,  Wm.  U.Wills,  jr.  He  tilled  the  office  of  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  in  this  county,  and  always  took  a  ])rominent  oart 
in  its  politicjji.  Perhaps  few  men  had  more  intiuence  in  moulding 
the  ]>olitical  >entiment  of  the  public  than  he.  He  was  formerly  a 
Whig,  but  after  the  orgar.ization  of  the  Republican  j)arty  he  voted 
with  it.  During  the  war  he  took  an  active  j)art  in  furnishing 
means,  encouraging  enlistments,  etc.,  for  its  prosecution.      Owing 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  707 

to  the  prominent  and  firm  ])osition  he  took  in  these  matters  he 
gained  many  enemies  among  the  opj30sition — so  bitter  indeed  at 
times  as  to  draw  out  threats  against  his  lite;  but  he  at  all  times 
fearlessly  tbllo^ved  the  path  of  duty  and  ])atriotism.  He  was  for 
many  years  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows'  order,  and  that  society 
made  the  arraugemeiits  for,  and  attended  his  funeral. 

Mr.  W.  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  traders  in  stock  and 
lands,  and  one  of  the  largest  farmers  that  ever  lived  in  Pike 
county.  It  is  stated  upon  good  authority  that  $25  was  about  the 
extent  of  his  capital  wlien  he  was  30  years  of  age.  At  his  death, 
aged  62,  he  was  estimated  to  be  worth  sl40,000. 

Mrs.  Wills  is  a  devoted  member  of  the  Methodist  Church,  super- 
intending the  Sumlay-school  for  15  years  previous  to  her  husband's 
death.     She  gave  $3,000  toward  the  erection  of  their  chui'ch. 

William  R.  Wills^y.^  was  born  Oct.  27,  1S44,  at  Summer  Hill, 
Pike  Co.,  111.,  and  is  a  son  of  Wm.  R.  Wills,  sr.,  whose  sketch  is 
given  above.  He  obtained  his  education  principally  in  the  com- 
mon schools,  but  graduated  at  the  Bryant  tfe  Stratton  Commercial 
College  at  St.  Louis.  July  23,  1868,  he  married  Elizabeth  J. 
Wells,  daughter  of  Robert  and  Mary.AVells,  of  Pittstield.  She 
was  born  in  this  county  Aug.  27,  1850.  Five  children  have  been 
born  to  them,  one  of  whom  is  deceased.  The  names  of  those  liv- 
ing are,  Lucy  E.,  Charles  H.,  Orion  R.  and  Isidora  I.  Ida  was  the 
name  of  the  deceased. 

Mr.  AVills  now  resides  on  sec.  20,  this  tp.,  where  he  is  exten- 
sively engaged  in  farming,  owning  about  820  acres  of  land.  He 
has  turned  his  attention,  especialh^  for  the  past  6  years,  to  the  rais- 
ing and  breeding  of  tine  stock,  such  as  Short-horn  cattle,  Cotswold 
sheep,  Berkshire  hogs  and  fancy  fowls,  selling  and  shipping  them 
throughout  the  Western  States.  At  present  he  has  a  herd  of 
about  60  Short-horn  cattle,  all  of  which  are  thorough  bred,  and 
some  of  them  im[)orted. 

Mr.  W.  is  a  Director  in  the  Pike  County  Agricultural  Society, 
and  one  of  its  most  active  and  enterprising  members.  He  is  also 
Director  and  Treasurer  of  the  Pike  County  IMutual  Fire  Insurance 
Company.  It  has  been  in  active  operation  during  the  past  few 
years,  meeting  with  a  fair  degree  of  success,  not  having  cost  the 

Eolicy-holders  over  15  cents  on  the  $100  for  a  period  of  four  3'ears. 
[e  is  also  a  Director  in  the  First  National  Bank  of  Pittstield,  and 
in  every  public  enterju-ise  he  takes  a  leading  part.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Odd  FelKnvs'  society  of  Pittstield,  and  politically  a 
Republican.  As  one  of  the  leading  citizens  of  Pike  count}',  we 
present  to  our  readers  the  portrait  of  ]\[r.  Wills. 

^/^^^'TKJ^iJ  e/.  TRZZ-S'd//,  fanner,  sec.  29;  P.  O.,  Pittstield ;  was  born 
in  the  State  of  New  York  in  1S35;  and  is  the  son  of  Baniett  Will- 
sey.  In  1840  he  was  brought  by  his  parents  to  this  county,  who 
settled  on  the  present  estate,  now  consisting  of  240  acres,  valued  at 
$50  per  acre.  Here  he  has  lived  ever  since,  except  that  from  1854 
to  1857  he  was  in  California,  in  the  mining  business,  in  which  he 


70S  llISruKY    OF    PIKK   COl'NTV. 

\viis  fiticce^slul.  At  lii»  luiine  liirt  Vocation  has  iilwavs  hocii  t'aniiiri<r. 
aiul  in  this  ocfiijKition  has  heen  |»rns|>i'rous,  Immm^  now  one  of  thu 
most  enti'i'pri.oin;^  un*]  siihstiintiul  taiMRTs  in  the  coiuninnity.  lie 
also  deals  in  sttick  to  some  extent.  Tlie  past  vear  he  erecte<l  a  tine 
two-story  t'ranje  hou»e,  with  L;  also  a  hir«^e  frame  ham,  etc.  The  iin- 
j>rovem»'nts  on  this  phu'e  Hreexpelh»il  hy  few,  and  the  farm  itself  is 
in  a  most  fertile  district.  In  185*^  Mr.  W'ilUry  marrie<l  Kli/iJano 
.Mc('lintoek,  ii  native  of  Indiann,  and  they  have  3  children  livin*;, — 
Kmily  Alice,  Charles  L.  and  James  C). ;  one  child,  Mary  E.,  ih  de- 
cejisetl.      We  ;rivc  Mr.  Willsey's  portrait  in  this  volume. 

JamcK  G.  W'dUiij.  The  tir^t  of  the  WilUey  family  who  came 
to  this  c«»nnty  wiu»  a  parent  of  the  suhject  of  this  eketeh.  They 
were  natives  of  New  Vork  ami  emi;4rated  to  Ohio  in  18.J7,  where 
they  remained  ni'til  1S4M,  when  they  joiiKsl  the  tide  of  emii^ration 
we^tWHrd  antl  found  a  location  on  sec.  \\\,  PittstieM  tp.  Their  naimos 
were  l>airnett  an«l  Cornelia  (^Ki/.er)  W  dUev.  Ipon  this  section 
they  estnhlishe<i  themselves,  where  Mr.  Willsey  lived  until  hisdeath, 
which  i»ecurre<l  in  185S.  He  was  hnried  on  the  old  honjo  farm. 
II IS  widow  still  rcbides  at  the  old  homestead.  Janu's  (t.  was  horn 
in  the  State  of  New  York,  Feh.  2>,  I^3(»,  and  wa^  therefore  ahout 
10  years  of  a^»  when  his  parents  came  to  thiii  county,  with  whom 
he  remained  until  alHiut  is.'il,  when  he  marrie<l  Miss  Melinda  I^>^- 
ers;*she  was  horn  in  ( in-ene  Co.,  11!.,  in  1>.''.(),  and  wjis  tin*  dan^rhter 
of  I)avi«l  and  Fannie  l^•^er^,  early  hetlt*•r^  in  Marlin^l)nrg  tp.  The 
former  die<l  in  ls71;   his  wife  two  years  afterward. 

Immediately  after  James  (J.  Willsev's  nuirria;;e  he  settled  on  40 
aits  of  land  which  his  futh-  him,  where  he  n'luaineil  until 

1"»0J,  when  he  ^electe<l  aiul  pi. id  the  northwest  <juarter  of  hcc. 

34,  I'itt^tield  tp.,  which  is  one  of  the  most  fertile  liections  in  this 
county.  At  that  time  this  land  was  in  a  |>erfectly  wild  state  ;  not 
an  improvement  of  any  kind  had  ln'e!i  place<l  upon  it  hy  thy  hand 
of  man.  It  wa-s  a  tine,  rollin;;  prairie,  intersp<rfte«l  here  an<l  there 
with  ]>atches  of  scruh  oak  and  hazel  hrush.  The  tir^t  lami  cnlti- 
vatetl  on  this  farm  was  in  the  summer  of  1^54,  when  Mr.  W.  em- 
ployed a  man  to  hreak  40  acres,  which  he  ilid  with  oxen.  Thin  he 
b<)We<l  in  wheat  that  fall.  The  next  s«-a.«on  he  planted  this  piece  in 
corfi,  and  hroke  ani)ther  4<>  acre^  ft»r  wheat.  This  land,  as  taist  as 
hroken,  was  surrounded  with  an  eij^ht-rail  fence,  Mr.  W.  hauling 
the  rails  tor  the  same  from  the  s«»uth  part  of  Martinshur^  tp.,  a 
distance  ^.\'{  eii;ht  miles.  In  X^Wl  he  erected  a  lo^  f^ihin,  oji  the 
north  })art  of  hi.-?  farm,  IC  feet  s(juare.  It  contained  two  rooms,  one 
ahove  and  one  below.  Into  this  cahin  he  moved  bis  family,  and 
aIthou<;h  ratiier  tigiit  (pnirters  durin<^  the  busiest  seasons,  found 
n.»om  and  accomm<Mlations  for  as  many  as  nine  hirtnl  hands  lH.'si«le8 
his  own  t'amilv.  I)urin;:  the  vears  l^C>-9  the  balance  of  the  160 
acres  wat  fenced  and  put  under  cultivation,  with  the  exception  of 
50  acres  which  he  has  never  plowed,  hut  which  he  set  asi<le  for 
pasture  tor  stock,  there  hein^  several  uevertailin*;  sprin«js  of  pure 
Water  (tn  this.      Mr.  \V.  ascribes  much  of  his  success  in  the  raising 


III.STOKV    OK    PIKK    COUNTV.  709 

of  stock,  especially  liogs,  to  this  pasture,  and  the  fact  of  their  always 
being  able  to  procure  ])iire  sjiring  water.      He  states  that  during  the- 
worst  seasons  of  cholera,  when  hogs  all  around  him  were  dying,  he 
lost  very  few. 

In  1860  Mr.  W.  built  his  jiresent  residence.  It  is  a  frame  stru  c 
ture,  two  stories  in  height,  the  main  ]iart  18  by  32,  L  14  by  28;  it 
is  one  of  the  tiuest  farm  residences  in  the  county.  The  out-build- 
ings are  all  of  the  modern  construction  and  first-class  in  eyery  way. 
Mr.  "VV.  has  devoted  much  attention  to  tl(»riculture,  and  has  a  fine 
greenhouse  in  addition  to  his  residence,  in  which  he  has  hundreds 
of  choice  plants,  including  exotics,  etc.  Take  it  all  in  all,  the  sur- 
roundings and  improyements  of  this  home  farm  render  it  one  of 
the  finest  and  most  pleasant  in  the  county. 

Seyenteeii  years  ago  he  purchased  the  southwest  quarter  of 
sec.  27.  It  was  partly  improyed  and  he  lias  brought  it  into  a 
high  state  of  cultiyation.  The  winter  of  lS79-'80he  erected  on 
this  place  a  yery  fine  residence,  which  in  point  of  construction  and 
modern  conveniences  is  equaled  by  few.  From  the  observatory  on 
this  dwelling  one  of  the  finest  views  of  the  surrounding  country 
can  be  obtained,  extending  to  the  west,  to  Louisiana  and  flannibal, 
a  distance  of  20  miles,  and  southeast  to  a  distance  of  about  24  miles. 
Mr.  W.'s  only  child  and  son,  William  Riley  Willscy,  who  was  born 
in  July,  1853,  now  resides  at  this  place. 

As  a  relaxation  from  active  business,  to  which  he  liad  applied 
himself  with  scarcely  an  intermission  since  he  was  a  boy,  in  1875 
Mr.  Willse}^  decided  on  making  a  visit  to  the  Pacific  slope  to  see 
the  country  and  visit  numerous  relativ^es,  also  with  some  idea  of 
locating  there,  if  the  golden  shore  should  prove  ])referable  to  his 
old  home.  With  the  above  objects  in  view,  in  company  with  his 
wife  and  son,  he  started  on  this  trip,  via  the  Union  Pacific  H.  R. 
to  San  Francisco,  where  several  days  were  agreeably  spent  in 
viewing  the  metropolis  of  California,  when  he  departed  by  the 
steamer  "  J.  L.  Stephens"  for  Portland,  Oregon,  and  from  there 
to  Oregon  City,  where  he  remained  some  ten  days,  and  also  visited 
the  State  Fair  at  Salem;  then  took  passage  up  the  Columbia  river 
to  Wallula,  Washington  Territory*  This  river  he  describes  as  fur- 
nishing the  most  beautiful  scenery  he  ever  beheld.  From  AVallula 
they  took  the  cars  to  Walla  Walla,  where  his  sister,  Mrs.  Richard 
Wells,  resided.  At  this  place  the  party  remained  some  four  weeks, 
visiting  and  viewing  different  parts  of  the  country,  when  the}' 
started  on  their  journey  homeward,  via  the  Columbia  to  Portland, 
where  they  took  the  cars  to  IIarrisl)urg  ;  they  then  traveled  by  rail 
to  Roseburg,  then  to  the  northern  terminus  of  the  Oregon  and  Cali- 
fornia Railroad;  from  this  ]ilace  they  were  obliged  to  travel  270 
miles  to  ^Reading.  During  this  stage  trip,  which  lasted  six  days 
and  six  nights,  it  rained  continuously.  On  several  oocasions  the 
coach  was  mired  down,  taking  much  time  and  all  hands  to  release 
it.  The  fatigue  of  this  journey  was  so  severe  that  a  passenger,  an 
old  man,  became  temporarily  insane.     Our  ]>arty,  however,  arrived 


71(1  UIMUKI     I'l     I'lKh    CULNTY. 

safely  at  Uemlin^,  where  they  tt>ok  tlie  riiilruiid  for  Sail  Fraiieiseo  ; 
tlien  ttK>k  the  U.  1*.  \l.  K.  tor  home,  where  they  arrived  ahoiit  four 
months  after  thev  had  left.  Tliev  wi-re  thoroU'dilv  eatistii'd  witli 
tlie  trip,  and  also  salibtiml  that  they  found  no  hftter  plact-  than  at 
the  ol«l  h»)mestt'a«l  in  Pike.  They  traveled  In'tween  r),V)OU  and 
Ci.ixjn  miles,  l,(>oO  of  whieh  were  on  the  Pacific  Ocean. 

Mr.  Willsey's  j»i«rtrait  will  Ik?  f«nind  in  thih  volume. 
William  B.  iVilhet/,  farmer,  mt.  at ;  P.O.,  PittsfieM;  it>  tiie 
owner  of  .'>«>  acres  of  land  worth  $50  jK.'r  acre;  is  a  native  of  tluH 
county  and  wjui  Inirn  An;;.  24.  18J1;  was  marrie<l  in  this  county 
Au^.  !*,  1>70,  to  Miss  Lu'se  W.  Iloyt,  a  native  of  Vermotit,  and 
who  was  l)orn  June  11,  1*»47.  They  are  tin*  parents  of  .'{  children, 
?iamely,— Charles  IL,  In-rn  .May  •_'«'>.'  l'^71.  Ora  (\.  .Inn.  L*.  l.*<7:?.  and 
Eva   Si.,  Jan.  1.  Is7<5. 

MlUiam  W.  ^ViIl^fey,  farmer,  ^ec.  .'i4;  I'.  ().,  Pilt.-lield;  is  h  son  of 
liarnett  and  Candine  i^Ki/.er)  WilUey,  natives  «)f  New  Vork;  is  a 
native  of  this  county,  ami  wtu»  born  in  184>.  In  ISOS  he  married 
Frances  J.  Kohinson,  alfH)  a  native  of.  Missouri,  and  was  i»oni  in 
184s.  They  have  3  children, — Perry  A.,  Almini  M.and  XaneyC; 
both  Mr.  and  .Mrs.  W.  beloiii;  to  i|,e  ( '|^ri^tian  I 'hurch.  .Mr.  W 
owns  ><>  acres  oi   land  worth  :i^0O  per  acre,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

Conrtiil  Wiuanil,  blacksmith;  iKjrn  in  (Turmany  in  ls;jS;  came  to 
America  in  1854  and  settled  in  New  York,  where  he  remaine<l  4 
vear^:  came  to  Pitt^tield  in  ISSH;  marrie<i  in  this  county  in  I'^TiSto 
Hannah  Purset,  a  luitive  of  Pikec»mnty,  l>orn  in  184"^,  and  their  3 
children  are  Lewis  II.,  Fniuklin  C  and  Bertie  E.  In  Isj'.l  Mr.  W. 
cidiBtetl  in  Co.  K,  2<1  Il<?«r.  III.Cav.,and  servetl  3  years;  was  in 
8cver.ll  han!fi»u;;ht  !■  had  a  horse  siiot  from  under  him  by  a 

musket  ball  witiiout  i^j  w  >  to  himself.  He  ownsone  lot  with  ;;ood 
dwelling  ami  ««hoj»:  is  a  njemlK.'r  of  the  M.  K.  Church,  and  a  Ke- 
publican. 

Ivotic  Winaint,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O..  Pitistield;  wai»  born  in 
Ksse.x,  now  I'nion  Co.,  N.  J.,  in  1 821*.  Is  a  s.»n  of  Jonas  and 
Sanih  (Stiles)  Winans,  «»f  that  State.  The  family  came  to  this 
county  in  1S4G,  and  settled  south  of  Pittsfield,  where  his  mother 
died  in  1>58.  His  res|)ecte«l  father  live«l  until  1^7^.  The  subject 
of  tl  '  '  "eh  was  marrieil  in  1^51  t<i  Mif^s  Sarah  Webster,  a  native 
of  M.i  ..,  ..usetts, by  whom  he  has  s  children:  Norman  W.,  William 
M.,  John  S.,  Isaac,  jr.;  Jonas  L.,  Elmer  R.,  Emma  P.  and  Horace 
(t.  Mr.  W.  has  a  farm  of  4»>0  acres  valued  at  $40  jier  acre,  and  is 
one  t»f  the  >  li;  men  t>f  Pike  county,  ami  a  liepubliam. 

Th'tmas  \l",  ",'.-f(<m,  M.  D..  was  born  near  Kn«>.\ville,  Tenn.» 
June  10,  ISOS,  and  is  a  lineal  descendant  of  the  Worthingttm  and 
Calvert  (or  IJaltimore)  families  of  England  and  Maryland.  His 
father  havi'  1  soon  after  his  return  from  service  in  the  war  of 

1812,  Dr.  \V  "i  iiiinp^ton  removed  to  Illinois  at  an  early  day,  and 
8oc»n  afterward  saw  service  in  the  Black  Hawk  war.  He  ^radu:ite<l 
at  the  Meilical  College  of  Cincinnati,  0.,  and  settled  in  Pittsfield 
for  the  practice  of  his  profession,  in  1835.     His  success   as  a  jUiy- 


HISTORY  OF  PIKE  COUNTY.  711 

sician  was  veiy  great.  Ir.  the  year  lS37he  was  married  to  Amelia 
J.,  youngest  daughter  of  Col.  Andrew  Iv.  Long,  of  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  addition  to  his  professional  duties,  he  has  taken  an  active  inter- 
est in  politics,  when  questions  of  great  public  interest  were  involv-ed, 
and  twice  represented  his  district  in  the  State  Senate.  In  this 
body  he  was  an  earnest  advocate  of  the  "  two-mill  tax,"  and  his  ex- 
ertions largely  contributed  to  save  the  State  from  repudiation. 
From  being  a  "Free-Soil  Whig,"  he  became  one  of  the  first  and 
most  earnest  members  of  the  Republican  party  in  Illinois,  To  the 
support  of  its  principles,  and  other  causes  in  which  he  was  inter- 
ested, he  brought  powers  of  eloquence  and  a  breadth  of  information 
which  have  rarely  been  equaled  in  the  State.  Having  by  great 
industry  accumulated  a  considerable  property,  he  is  enabled  to 
spend  the  greater  part  of  his  time  in  the  invigorating  climate  of 
the  Rocky  Mountains,  and  in  the  pursuit  of  the  favorite  study  of 
his  later  years — geology.  His  investigations  U]jon  this  subject 
have  been  conducted  principally  in  the  field,  in  almost  all  parts  of 
the  United  States,  and  have  been  of  especial  value  in  reference  to 
the  "Glacial  Period."  He  contemplates  publishing  their  results  in 
book  form.  Dr.  Worthington  has  long  ranked  as  one  of  the  most 
intelligent,  upright  and  respected  citizens  of  his  county  and  State. 

Thomas  Woi^tldngton,  jr.,  a  son  of  the  above,  was  born  in  Spen- 
cer, Tenn.,  June  8,  1850;  graduated  with  distinction  at  Cornell 
University,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  in  1873,  and  at  the  Union  College  of 
Law,  Chicago,  in  1877.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September 
of  the  latter  year,  and  is  now  practicing  his  profession  in  Pitts- 
field. 

Edward  Yates,  attorney,  Pittsfield,  was  born  in  Pike  county, 
Sept.  21,  1846.  He  is  a  son  of  George  and  Maria  (Hinman)  \ates, 
the  former  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  born  Jan.  17,  1807;  he  was 
the  second  son  of  Samuel  Yates,  a  native  of  Virginia,  who  emi- 
grated in  a  very  early  day  to  Kentucky.  George  Yates,  who  was 
born  in  Barren  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1807,  came  to  Illinois  as  early 
as  1823,  and  spent  one  year  in  Washington  Co.  From  there  he 
moved  to  Morgan  Co.,  settling  near  Naples,  which  is  now  in 
Scott  Co.  In  the  spring  of  1833  he  crossed  the  Illinois  river  into 
Pike  Co.  and  settled  on  sec.  6,  Griggsville  tp.,  where  he  resided 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Griggsville,  Aug.  13,  1878. 
When  at  the  age  of  18  he  started  out  in  life  to  do  for  himself 
He  hired  to  a  gentleman  by  the  name  of  Thomas  Smith  for  $8 
per  month,  one-half  in  trade.  He  worked  for  3  months,  when  he 
was  taken  sick.  The  elder  Yates  was  one  of  those  persons  who  made 
of  life  a  success.  He  was  charitable  and  liberal,  yet  accumulated 
considerable  property,  owning  at  one  time  about  1,300  acres  of 
land  under  u  high  state  of  cultivation.  His  family  of  children, 
all  of  whom  are  respected  for  their  enterprise,  genial  and  social 
qualities,  were  a  great  comfort  when  in  his  declining  years.  He 
was  a  man  of  Christian  integrity,  high  moral  principle,  beloved 
and  esteemed  by  all  who  knew  him".     He  was  plain   and  uuostenta- 


71  J  HISTORY  OF  IMKK  rolXTY. 

tioiis  ill  his  inannors,  a  kind  nui«;lil)t)r,  a  loving  father  antl  a  t'aitli- 
t'ul  fricml.  IK*  wjis  ^reatlv  iniissed  and  deeply  nionrned,  not  only 
hy  hie  family,  l)ut  l»v  a  laitje  eircle  ot"  triunds  and  nri<;hl)ors. 
Esjtecially  \ya8  lie  inis.»ed  l»y  the  little  C'hnrch  (llininanV  I'hajtel) 
of  which  he  \ya8  a  inenihtT  and  |>illar.  Ilia  funeral,  which  toitk 
})lacc  at  thii^  church,  was  largely  attended.  The  sernion  was  de 
liyered  l^y  IChk-r  J.  I*.  Diinniitt,  and  his  remains  were  lai<l  at  rest  hy 
the  sitle  t»f  hi8  wile,  who  jnveeiied  him  to  the  gjiirit  world  ahout  ten 
years. 

Tlu?  chihireii  of  tlie  elder  Yates  are,  Nancy  Catharine,  now 
the  wife  of  .Jerome  W.  Kush,  of  Fairmount  tj). ;  Wm.  II.  lives 
in  (iriggsville,  and  in  tvimpany  witli  his  hrother  .Monroe,  owns 
the  ol«l  homesit'ad.  Wm.  II.  is  a  Director  in  the  (iriggBville 
Hank;  Emeline,  ti»o  wit'c  of  .1.  \V.  Fisher,  President  of  the  Chil- 
licothe  Savings  Hank,  and  resides  at  Chillicothe,  Mo.;  Ellen  M., 
now  the  wite  of  .Ictfer»on  ( )rr.  I'ittstield.  Martha  F.,  who  livee  at 
the  old  homestead,  and  Kdwurd,  the  suhject  of  this  sketch. 

I'M  ward  Yates,  whose  ruunu  heads  thirt  sketch,  attended  the  Mc- 
Kendree,  Jacksonville  and  Qiiincy  (-ollegcB,  rect'ivinif  a  collegiate 
e<lucation.      He  chose   the    legal  ]'•  'ti    for  his  life    lalior.  and 

was  admitted  to  the  bar  Dec.  21>,  .  .  He  hegjUJ  practice  with 
the  late  Hon.  .Jackson  (irimshaw.  at  Quincy.  In  1S71  he  m«ived 
to  Trenton,  Mo.,  where  ho  practiced  nnljl  .January,  ls75,  when  he 
returned  to  his  native  county  nful  hK'ateil  at  Pittstield.  He  a-  • 
cialt'tl  himself  in  his  prof'--"  ••  with  .JetfiTsort  Hrr,  present  ,^tat<  .-, 
attorney.     As  a  criminal  _  -  r  and  prosecutor  Mr.  Y.,  although 

a  yountr  man,  haM  few  superiors  in  Illinois.     lie  is  energetic,  and 
iMi  the  happy  faculty  of  making  tViends   wherever  he  meeta 

ni>  i<_iii'\v  men. 


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MARTINSBIKG  TOWNSHIP. 

The  surface  of  this  township  is  generally  rolling,  and  beantifiillj 
timbered.  From  the  eminence  of  some  ot  tlie  knolls  in  the  north- 
ern part  a  grand  and  magnificent  view  meets  the  eye  from  every 
cjuai'ter.  For  miles  either  way  during  the  growing  season  the  eye 
beholds  verdant  fields  dotted  over  with  fine  farm  residences,  school- 
houses,  etc.  Before  the  hand  of  man  had  snbdued  these  lands,  and 
when  the  prairies  and  woodlands  were  in  their  virgin  state,  the 
scenery  from  these  eminences  must  have  been  supremely  charming. 
With  its  green,  flowery  carpet,  its  undulating  surface,  skirted  by 
beautiful  and  refreshing  groves  that  more  definitely  mark  the 
boundaries,  it  must  have  presented  to  the  eye  of  the  lone  traveler 
or  new  settler  a  scene  most  beautiful  and  sublimely  grand.  Xo 
doiibt  Fisher  Petty,  the  first  settler  of  the  township,  was  attracted 
by  the  beauty  of  its  scenery,  the  fine  timber,  and  the  high,  rolling 
land  and  running  water.  These  were  important  things  to  be  con- 
sidered by  tiie  pioneer  in  making  a  selection  for  a  home.  When 
Messrs.  Petty  and  Nicholson  came  here  to  look  up  a  location,  this 
land  had  not  yet  been  oftered  for  sale  by  Government.  They  were 
the  very  advance  of  the  on-coming  westward  flight  of  civilization. 
Mr.  Petty  came  in  1825  and  located  on  sec.  15.  As  years  passed, 
the  groves  received  the  in-coming  settlers  until  about  1S50,  when 
all  the  timbered  farms  were  being  worked.  About  that  time  some 
i)f  the  more  enter])rising  pnshed  out  upon  the  prairies.  It  is  not 
now  remembered  who  was  the  first  to  be  so  adventurous. 

Others  of  the  early  ])ilgrims  to  this  locality  were  Joseph  and 
Robert  Goodin,  Wm.  Pinns,  Isaac  Iloskins,  Wm.  Putler  and  Rob- 
ert Richardson,  most  of  whom  were  well-knowm  in  the  early  history 
of  the  comity.  Among  the  older  settlers  now  living  are  Ira  Bris- 
•'-oe,  Moses  Conner,  Mr.  ^LcClintock  and  others. 

The  first  children  born  in  the  township  were  Wm.  Ward  and 
Nancy  Shinn.  The  former  went  to  Texas,  where  he  met  his  death 
by  hanging,  in  1862.  He  was  a  loyal  Union  man,  and  because  he 
would  not  join  the  rebel  army,  was  hanged  by  a  band  of  outlaws. 
The  first  marriage  was  that  of  George  Williams  to  Miss  Nancy 
Nicholson,  Rev.  David  Hubbard  ofliciating.  The  first  preaching 
was  done  by  elder  John  Garrison,  of  the  Christian  denomination, 
and  the  first  sermon  was  at  the  house  of  Robert  Goodin, 

41 


716  HISTi.KY    oK    IMKK    r«>l MV. 

The  prc;u'hei>  of  tlio  ;;<)8j)el  soon  fiou^lit  uut  ami  tuiiij.l  the 
pioneeib  in  fhcir  new  hoine<,  as  ahove  nientiunc<l.  Nor  were  they 
ionj^  without  the  school-liouse  and  *'  master."  The  tor?ner  was  a 
rudf  loj^  nihin,  iiiul  tiie  latti-r  fully  as  rude,  the  refractory  pupils 
thought,  and  not  well  versed  in  onr  more  modern  studies,  jioth 
scljotd-hiUise  and  master,  however,  wt-re  well  adapti'tl  to  the  times 
a!id  thf  then  e\istin<;  niirroundiii^s.  The  first  school-lmildin;;  was 
erected  on  sec.  7,  in  1*^27,  and  thetir.»t  sclmtd  taui;ht  hy  Mr.  Morrow. 

The  Hr.->t  chnrch  structnre  wiu:  oreetwl  hy  the  Preshyterians  on 
see.  18,  in  183y.     it  was  known  as  tlie  Bethel  Church. 

The  township  contains  two  towns,  five  churches  and  (M^ht  school- 
houses.  The  Bvstem  of  eilucution  adopted  hv  a  niaiority  of  the 
schools  of  this  township  is  up  to  the  hi>;h  standard  of  any  part  ot 
the  county.  Of  some  of  the  leading;  teachers  we  speak  in  the  <ie 
])artment  of  jKTsona!  sketches  ^ivcn  in  connection  with  the  his- 
U>ry  of  the  t<»wnship. 

Six- Mile  creek,  with  its  small  and  numerous  hranches,  trftverse^ 
the  western  part  of  the  township  fr<»m  north  Ut  south.  There  are 
sevcrjil  small  creeks  which  water  the  eastern  jnirtion.  The  soil  ih 
underlaid  with  a  heavy  l»ed  of  limestone,  and  is  In'tter  atlapted  t.> 
rai-iii'  win  .-ir  :irid  fruit  than   I'eiirrul  farming;. 

• 

Maitlfntbiirt/.  -ihinim  the  spe<ulative  |KMiod,  when  towns 
hpninj;  up  all  over  tin  *^'  •>  •'  ■  villa;^*  was  ushered  itito  exis- 
tence anion:;  the  lh«»i,  rs.  It  wa-  laid  out  hy  William 
Freeman  and  John  Kin^hnry,  Auj;.  24.  1^  It  is  locatc<l  on 
sees.  22  and  27,  nnd  at  present  has  a  p<iuulation  of  alxuit  200.  1* 
contains  one  general  htore,  a  hiacksuuth  sho|i.  tw«»  churclu-s,  a 
8ch««ol-house.  etc.  The  churches  are  of  the  (M^ri^tian  an<l  Baptist 
denominations,  Inttii  of  which  have  l»een  founded  for  several  years, 
and  arc  in  a  pr«>sperous  condition. 

Xeitf  If'trtfi'rd.  —  As  a  rival  to  .Martinshui .;.  and  at  ahout  the 
Slime  time  that  that  place  was  founded,  this  little  village  was  laid 
out.  It  is  in  the  extreme  northwestern  corner  of  the  t<^twnr.hip, 
and  in  the  midst  of  a  fertile  and  well-improved  i)art  td'  the 
county.  It  was  tounde<l  by  Isaac  IIo>kins.  Ahner  Clark,  J<din 
Shinn  and  Nathan  Hrowti.  The  latter  kejit  the  rirst  store,  and 
Mr.  linthhurn  was  the  tir>t  blacksmith.  The  tirst  postmaster  wa> 
Wm.  (J rimes.  It  now  has  two  stores,  two  cooper  shops,  a  black 
smith  shop,  a  schocd-house,  and  two  churches.  There  is  one  resi- 
dent phv      ■   -i.     The  place  contains  now  almut  lOo  inhabitants. 

The  J/  Ut  Ei>'iii<'<>p.d  C'hurc/i  lit  New   Hartford    was  or;t;an 

izeti  al>out  1840,  bv  Rev.  Mr.  Trov,  who  was  afterward  thrown 
from  a  h«>rse  and  killed.  There  were  at  tirst  alx>ut.  15  member-. 
They  erected  a  house  of  worship  in  1850,  which  is  still  used  by 
the  Society.  Services  each  alternate  Sunday,  by  liev.  Mr.  Drake. 
Pastor.     Present  number  of  communicants  about  75. 


HISTORY    OF    FIKE   COUNTY,  717 

The  Christian  Church  at  this  place  was  first  organized  March 
19,  1851,  with  the  same  miinl)er  of  souls  that  went  into  Noah's 
ark,  by  Elders  James  Biirbrid^^e  and  David  Roberts.  The  society 
built  a  church  in  1856.  Since  the  organization  there  have  been 
added  to  the  con  a  relation  116  males  and  172  females.  Present 
numl)cr  of  communicants,  100.     Services  each  Sunday. 

BIOGRAPHIES. 

in  justice  to  thepioneers,  to  those  who  have  opened  up  and  de- 
veloped this  township,  and  those  who  have  taken  a  prominent  part 
in  the  history  of  this  community,  we  give  a  department  of  per- 
sonal sketches  as  a  portion  of  the  history  of  the  township. 

Willard  Andrews,  deceased,  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in  1813, 
the  son  of  Alanson  and  Phcebe  Andrews,  natives  of  the  Bay  State; 
received  a  common-school  education;  in  1846  he  married  Cornelia 
Brockway,  who  was  born  in  1825  in  New  York  State.  Mr.  An- 
drews came  to  this  county  in  1839,  settling  in  Atlas  tp.,  and  came 
into  this  tp.  in  1S50.  By  trade  he  was  a  carpenter,  but  he  also 
carried  on  farming,  on  sec.  6.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1872,  leaving  a 
widow  and  children.  The  youngest  son  carries  on  the  farm.  Mrs. 
H.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.     P.  O.,  New  Hartford. 

A.  F.  Barnd,  nurseryman,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Martinsburg;  was 
born  in  Perry  county,  ().,  in  1S15,  and  is  a  son  of  Christian  and 
Mary  Barnd ;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools,  and  in  the 
spring  of  1847  emigrated  to  this  State,  locating  in  McLean 
county,  where  he  resided  until  1861;  he  then  came  to  Pike  county, 
settling  in  this  township,  where  he  practiced  medicine  a  number 
of  3'ears;  he  has  now  been  in  the  nursery  business  for  about  10 
years.  He  has  a  fine  nursery,  comprising  all  varieties  of  fruit 
trees  and  plants.  The  Doctor  also  still  attends  to  professional 
calls  to  some  extent. 

A.  M.  Bradburn^  farmer,  was  born  in  Ohio,  Nov.  1,  1827,  and 
is  a  son  of  Mark  and  Mary  (Keatley)  Bradburn,  natives  of  Ohio; 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Ohio;  in  1853  he  married 
Emil}'  ,l;imeson,  and  all  their  eight  children  are  living;  one  daugh- 
ter is  married.  David  N.  is  a  teacher.  Mr.  Bradburn  came  to 
Pike  county  in  1864.  In  Missouri  he  was  in  the  "Shirt-tail" 
militia,  and  he  lost  money  while  in  that  State.  He  has  made  all 
he  has  by  hard  work  since  he  married,  now  owning  132  acres  of 
land.     In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat.     P.  0.,  Pittsfield. 

Ira  Briscoe,  farmer,  sec.  28,  where  he  owns  240  acres  of  land; 
P.  O.,  Martinsburg;  was  born  in  Washington  county,  Ky.,  in  1798, 
the  son  of  Edward  and  Peggy  Briscoe;  his  father  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia, and  his  mother  in  Ireland;  he  received  his  education  in  the 
subscription  schools  which  were  kept  in  log  school-houses  in 
pioneer  times  in  Kentucky,  with  greased-paper  windows,  mud-and- 
stick  chimneys,  etc.  In  1818  he  married  Miss  Polly  Crump,  who 
was  born  in  Virginia  in  1799;  in  1834  he  came  to  Pike  county, 


718  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTT. 

Bettlin«^  (in  tlie  j)lace  where  he  now  lives;  lie  has  been  a  farnier  all 
his  life,  Silt  is  i;ow  liviii'^  in  retirement.      P.  O.,   Murtiiii5l>ur<;. 

JiiSfter  Bi't)kiii\  iij^riculturist,  sec.  17;  was  It.irn  in  S-iiiuTsct 
connty,  N.  .).,  Anjj.  lii,  1.^28,  and  is  a  6(»n  of  Aliraiiani  and  Sarah 
Hrokaw,  deceased;  he  worked  with  his  lather  in  the  w«H)d-vard 
until  18  years  ot'  aire;  came  t<»  Eastern  lllimtis  with  his  parents 
in  In44,  and  in  \x'A  loculed  in  I'ike  county,  and  this  year  also  he 
married  .Miss  Miirtlia  Maronii,  daughter  ot"  Win .  .Maroon,  deceased, 
ami  they  luwl  <»  children,  natneiy,  William,  (ieor/^e,  John,  Sarah, 
Martha  and  Charley.  .Mrs.  H.  died  in  March,  1S<;3.  and  Mr.  H. 
the  next  year  married  Mrs.  Amelia  Toothakeir,  and  ihev  havf  Imd 
♦;  children:  Liona,  l*ri>cilla,  Alhert.  Kimer,  Cora  A.  and  Kvji  \'. 
Mr.  W.  is  a  farmer,  iuakin<;  wheat-raising  a  specialty.  His  brother. 
Uriah,  served  over  a  year  in  the  late  war.  where  he  lost  his  life. 

./"/ru  L.  i'liinou.  d'"tM^ol,  w.iA  b  »rn  in  Pittslield  tp.,  this 
ctiunty,  Marcii  .''.1,  1*^34,  ami  was  the  son  of  Kphraim  and  Dorothy 
Cannon,  dec.;  was  reared  on  a  farm  and  receiveil  a  common-school 
e<lnaition.  Nov.  !»,  1S54,  he  married  .Marpiret  A.  (loodin,  daii;_di- 
ter  »)f  Hardin  (MXHlin,  ot"  M(irtinsl)nr^  to.,  and  their  4  chiKlreii 
were  Charles  K.,  Sarah  K.,  William  H.  ami  Henry  ().  Mr.  C.  wa^ 
a  respected  member  of  the  Christian  Chiindi  tor  Is  years  jtrevions 
to  his  de4ith,  which  occnrre*!  at  Hot  Sprin«js,  Ark..  Xov.  5,  1877. 
He  was  a  vuluablc  member  of  Si»ciety  an<I  a  kind  husband  and 
father;  he  was  a  ^hmI  natured  man.  and  patiejit;  diirin';  his  lust 
illness  he  suffered  untold  misery  and  pain,  yet  he  bore  it  all  with 
(Mirifttiati  fortitude  and  patience. 

Jitvu'g  Duffi^ld  was  lM»rn  in  Chester  District,  S.  C,  I>ec.  12, 
l7tH!;  educate*!  in  a  subscrijttiftn  sclund;  brought  to  hidiana  bv 
his  parents  when  a  Ixty,  where  he  resided  until  a  man  ^rown; 
came  to  this  county  several  years  ago  and  engaged  in  farming  and 
raising  8t<H'k.  He  now  resides  on  sec.  3,  at  the  advaru'cd  age  ot 
*»4  year*.  Of  his  d  children  5  are  living.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the 
war  i»f  l8l*J,  and  fought  under  (ten.  Jackson. 

Lwindti  A.  Dyt'r^  n^e  Thompson,  New  Hartford,  is  the  wife  <A' 
Eli  Dyer,  aiul  they  were  marrieil  in  1^40.  Of  their  9  children  .'» 
are  living, —Tluunru;  W.,  Fninkliri  W.,  .Mary  E.,  William  H.  and 
John  K.  Mr.  Dyer  was  a  farmer  prior  to  the  late  war,  in  which 
he  servetl  4  years;  his  son  Franklin  was  also  in  the  war,  and  whs 
wountled  at  the  battle  of  Pilot  Knob.  The  Dyer  family,  whih 
residing  in  Missouri,  were  Tnion  people,  and  suffercff  many 
wrongs  at  the  hands  of  reUds  and  black-legs.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dyer 
are  Uah  natives  of  Fairlax  county,  Va..  and  he  was  slave  overseer 
in  Maryland  for  four  years;  in  ls54  they  came  to  Pike  county. 
Mo.,  and  in  ISIU  to  this  count}*.  Mrs.  Dyer  is  pn»prietorof  the 
best  store  in  Now  Hartford,  wliich  is  conducted  under  the  tirm 
name  of  T.  W.  Dyer  iV  I>ro.  They  carry  a  stock  of  |>1,'00,  con- 
sisting of  dry-gooils,  hats  and  caps,  boots  and  shoes,  groceries.- 
hardware,  glass  and  queensware,  and  in  fact,  everything  usually 
kept  in  a  first-class  general  st4:»re.     Prices  the  very  lowest. 


HISTORY    OK    PIKE    COUNTY.  719 

David  (roo^m,  fanner, sec.  4;  P.  O.,  Pittsfield;  was  born  in  this 
county  in  1840,  tlie  son  of  Hardin  and  liebecca  Goodin,  tlie  former 
a  native  of  Tennessee  and  tlie  latter  of  Indiana;  he  was  married  in 
1870  to  Miss  Jeames,  who  was  born  in  Missouri  in  1847;  their  two 
children  are  Benjamin  F,  and  William  II.  Mr.  Goodin  commenced 
life  in  very  limited  circumstances,  but  he  has  l)een  very  successful 
as  a  farmer,  now  havino^  180  acres  of  larid.  He  and  his  wife  are 
members  of  the  Christian  Church. 

J.  W.  Grahael^  farmer,  sec.  19,  was  born  Dec.  14,  1840,  in  Mon- 
roe county,  Ind„  and  is  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Mari^aret  Grabael,  the 
former  a  native  of  Yiro:inia  and  the  latter  of  North  Carolina.  At 
the  a^e  of  20  our  subject  came  to  this  county  and  for  a  time  lived 
near  Summer  Hill.  V\\  1865  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss 
Maria  Stebbins,  a  native  of  this  tp.  and  whose  father  was  amon^ 
the  first  settlers  of  the  county.  The  following  year  Mr.  G.  located 
in  this  township.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  are  the  parents  of  4  children, — 
Mary  E.,  Herbert,  Frank  and  Laura.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are 
members  of  the  Congreofational  Church  at  Summer  Hill.  During 
the  last  winter  Mr.  G.  unfortunately  met  with  two  men  from  whom 
he  ]-)urchased  the  right  of  territory  of  this  county  to  sell  the  "  Practi- 
cal Grubber  and  Stump-Puller,"  giving  his  note  for  the  payment 
of  over  $3,000,  with  the  understanding,  however,  that  they  would 
kee])  the  note  until  he  could  make  the  money  by  selling  the  ma- 
chine; but  thev  disieg-arded  this  understanding,  and  immediatelv 
disposed  of  the  note,  causing  Mr.  G.  great  financial  embarrassment. 

/.  M.  Ilolloway.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  High- 
land county,  O.,  Dec.  9,  1850,  and  is  a  son  of  Isaac  and  Ellen 
Hollowaj^  deceased,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1857;  our  subject 
was  reared  on  a  farm  and  received  a  common-school  education.  He 
was  married  Feb.  22, 1872,  to  Miss  Kittie  Petty,  daughter  of  Alvin 
Petty,  of  Hardin  tp.  They  have  4  children, — Nora.  Adda,  Emma 
and  Athel.  Mr.  II.  resides  on  sec.  18,  this  tp.,  and  is  engaged  in 
farming  and  the  raisin _••  of  stock. 

Horace  lloskins  was  born  in  Atlas  tp.,  this  county,  July  3/1832, 
and  is  a  son  of  Isaac  lloskins,  so  well  known  in  the  pioneer  days 
of  Pike  county,  and  who  is  now  deceased.  Mr.  H.  was  retired  on  a 
farm  and  is  now  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits.  ISlarch  G,  1851, 
be  was  united  in  marriage  ,with  Miss  Lucinda  Loutzenhiser,  by 
whom  he  has  had  13  children,  9  of  whom  are  living:  William, 
Marshall,  John  M.,  Mary  J.,  Isaac,  Emily,  Orlando,  Alice  B.  and 
George  B.  McClellan.  Mr.  H.  served  3  years  in  the  late  war,  in 
Co.  G,  99th  111.  Inf.,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  Hartsville, 
Mo.,  where  he  was  wouiuled,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  etc.  He  was 
present  at  the  surrender  of  Mobile,  and  was  honorablv  discharged 
Aug.  12,  1865. 

George  James  was  born  in  Lincolnshii'e,  England,  Aug.  12,  1836, 
and  is  a  son  of  George  and  Elizabeth  .lames,  deceased.  He  was 
educated  in  England,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1851;  he  went  to 
Nebraska  in  1865,  where  he  remained  two  years,  as  salesman  for 


720  HISTOKY    OF    PIKK    ("OINTY. 

Rolfe  tfc  Terrv,  wholesale  inerchants  in  Nebraska  Citv.  He  was 
en^aj^ed  in  (Tovernmeiit  t'reii^litiii;;  tor  some  time;  he  went  from 
Nelnaska  (^itv  to  the  Hlack  II ills,  where  he  worked  on  the  North- 
ern I'aeitic  Kailroad  during;  its  construction;  he  returned  to  Illinois 
in  .January,  lsG9,  since  which  time  he  hasfollowe*)  farming,  on  sec. 
3,  this  tp.  June  14,  18(51,  he  married  Miss  Marv  .1.  Andrews, 
dau:,diter  of  Willard  (J.  Andrews,  and  of  their  s  children  the  fol- 
lowini^  it  are  livin;;:  Salome,  Alicia,  NVillard  (J.,  Kred  and 
(iracie  Lee. 

Jo/in  H'  Lynch^  teacher  of  Ili;^hway  school,  was  horii  in  Putnam 
county,  Ind.,  Feb.  1J»,  lS4;i,  the  son  of  ("a^elton  and  Miriam  Lynch, 
the  latter  deceaseil.  He  was  educated  mostly  in  I'ittsfirhl,  and 
he^an  teachin«j;  in  lS«»t»;  is  n«»w  teachin:^  the  second  year  at  Ilij^h- 
land.  In  I87s  he  married  Louisa  Urown,  by  whom  he  lias  one 
child,  Jennie.  As  a  teacher  Mr.  Lynch  is  particula.ly  successful. 
His  jiunils  keep  excellent  ord«'r  ajid  are  full  of  the  spirit  of  learn- 
ing, lie  teaches  on  the  late.-t  normal  methods,  and  his  school- 
room is  a  pleasant  place  for  Ixitli  teacher  and  pupils. 

.I<nnfS  11  Mi'Cory  is  a  nativeof  Indiana,  his  jiarents  lieini;  John 
liiid  P.etsi-y  i  Warman^  .Mc(/«»rv;  he  was  educated  in  the  common 
hchot»ls  of  Indiana,  and  by  occupation  is  a  farmer;  Imr.  lived  with 
his  father  ail  his  life,  who  alsii  is  a  farmer.  He  \\aa  run  a  thresh- 
in<;-machine  for  10  sea«on«.  He  caniQto  l*ike  county  in  1875;  is  a 
njember  i»f  the  (Miristiari  Churcjj.and  in  politics  is  a  I)cmocraf. 

Jt>aejth  J/«/>a</r,  farmer,  sec.  17;  I*.  ().. Summer  Hill;  was  Ujrn 
in  this  county  in  l^l^^  and  is  a  s<in  of  William  and  Sarah  .Mcl)ado, 
the  former  a  native  c»f  Hntler  county,  Ky..  and  the  latter  of  Indi- 
ana; when  7  vears  old  he  went  to  Indiana,  returrjin;;  at  the  a^e  of 
9,  then  setth'tl  in  Western  .Missotiri,  in  1  **•!»>,  then  in  Scott  county 
in  18(18,  and  then  back  t»»  this  county  in  ls7s.  In  1871  he  mar- 
ried Hetsey  Ann  McDade,  who  was  Ixirn  in  183.*),  in  this  county, 
and  they  have  two  children  —  Laura  A.,  <lec.,  and  Sarah  E.  Mrs. 
McHade  was  the  mother  of  .'»  children  when  she  married  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch.  Their  names  are  John  H.,  Franklin,  ('harles, 
Marv  and  Nancv.  Mr.  McDade  is  a  successful  farmer,  owninj'l'i^* 
acres  of  land,  all  fence<l. 

Pfter  McGtiir',  farmer,  sec.  >;  1'.  o.,  ."Mimmer  Hill;  was  born 
in  Ireland  in  iMiU.  the  son  of  John  and  Catharine  (llu<;hes)  Mc- 
Guire,  luitives  of  Ireland.  In  the  common  schools  of  tiiat  c^mntry 
our  subject  was  educated;  in  1^51  he  marrie<l  Alice  Carrabry,  and 
they  have  twos<>ns  and  three  daughters.  They  cjune  to  the  United 
States  it)  1S41»,  landinj;  in  New  ^'ork.  and  came  to  Pike  cotmtv  in 
1S54.  When  he  first  cjime  here  lie  was  worth  about  $1>*,  but  has 
now  172  acres  of  land.     In  ])olitics  he  is  a  (ireenbacker. 

Mi'hael  McKanna,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.O.,  Martiiisburi;;  was 
horn  in  \^h')  in  county  Tvrone,  Ireland,  son  of  Patrick  and  Ann 
McKanna.  At  the  a^*  of  15  our  subject  emigrated  t<»  the  United 
States  with  a  friend,  locating  tirst  in  Hhode  Island;  thence  to  New 
Orleans,  where  he  remained  12  vears,  and  1849  to  this  county.     In 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  721 

1834  he  married  Miss  (,'atliarine  ^^e(li;lu,  also  a  native  of  Treluiid, 
and  tliey  had  G  children.  j\[rs.  McK.  died  in  1844;  Mr.  ^EcK. 
a^ain  married  in  New  Orleans,  in  1845,  Miss  Brid<^et  Sheridan,  also 
a  native  of  Ireland,  and  they  have  had  8  children.  Mr.McK.  Avas 
formerly  a  bleacher  in  print  works,  but  for  the  past  30  years  has 
followed  farming.  He  and  his  M'ife  are  members  of  the  Catholic 
Church. 

S.  G.  Millei\  farmer,  sec.  16:  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  was  born  in 
1817  in  Athens  county,  O.,  and  is  a  son  of  Jacob  S.  and  Sally  Mil- 
ler, natives  ot  Maryland;  educated  in  the  subscription  school.  In 
lb47  he  married  Martha  Bemiss,  a  native  of  Massachusetts,  and 
she  died  in  1851.  In  1853  he  married  Asenath  McCord,  who  was 
born  in  1824,,  in  Massachusetts,  and  they  have  had  2  children, 
George  B.  and  Coi'a  E.  Mr.  Miller  followed  tailoring  for  24  years, 
but  since  1852  has  tVdlowed  farming,  with  good  success;  has  now 
132  acres  of  good  land,  well  improved.  He  came  to  this  county  in 
1845.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Order,  and  Mrs.  ^\.  is  a 
member  of  the  Coni>;rei;ational  Church. 

J.  C.  Moore,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  was  born  in 
Maine,  the  son  of  William  and  Margaret  Moore,  natives  also  of  the 
same  State;  came  to  Pike  county  in  1856,  settling  in  this  tp.  In 
1848  he  married  Pachel  Randolph,  who  also  was  born  in  Maine,  in 
1824,  and  they  have  had  8  children, — Marcellus,  Josephine  and 
Theodosia.  Mr.  M.  has  traveled  a  great  deal;  transacted  business 
for  a  period  of  25  j'ears  in  British  America  and  in  Bangor,  Me. 
Since  he  came  here  he  has  followed  farming  with  good  success,  now 
owning  nearly  300  acres  of  good  land,  well  improved,  but  when  he 
first  set  out  in  life  he  had  but  very  little.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Congregational  Church. 

James  Posten,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  New  Hartford;  was  born 
in  Morgan  county,  O.,  May  16,  1821,  and  is  a  son  of  Jose])h  and 
Mary  (Johnson)  Posten,  who  were  natives  of  Virginia,  and  of  En- 
glish ancestry;  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  (Jhio,  and  came 
to  Pike  county  in  1843;  in  1849  he  married  Rachel  Lyton,  and 
they  have  had  2  children.  Mrs.  P.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church,  and  he  is  a  Democrat, 

W.  M.  jShcinton,  i'urmer,  sec.  6;  P.  ().,  Summer  Hill;  was  born  in 
Ohio  in  1841,  the  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Twit'urd)  Shanton, 
natives  of  Ohio  and  of  German  descent.  He  came  to  Pike  county 
in  1842.  In  1865  he  married  Anna  Thompson,  and  they  have  one 
son  and  three  daughters.  Mrs.  S.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church,  and  Mr.  S.  is  a  Democrat. 

Conrad  Shornhart,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Marti nsbui-g;  was  born 
in  1813  in  Germany;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1836,  set- 
tling in  Indiana;  in  l84t«  he  married  Mary  Fisher,  and  they  have 
6  children,  viz  :  Harry,  Mary,  .Margaret  J.,  John,  Sarah  and 
Willie.  He  settled  in  this  county  in  1852,  where  he  still  resides, 
engaged  in  farming  and  the  raising  of  stock. 


72-2 


IIISTOKV    iiK    IMKK    C«>rNTY. 


J.  ^\.  ^ladc,  tfsuher  ut  the  New  IlaitfMiJ  scliool,  is  a  s(»!i  of  Or. 
Slatle,  »>t  New  IIiirttur<l.  uiid  lias  Ih'i'ii  teaching'  luoht  ot"  the  time 
lor  lU  veaiH.  lit'  wa.-?  e«lueatetl  in  the  eumiiion  bchouls,  uiid  in  the 
State  Normal  Lniverhity  at  Normal,  111.  He  has  recently  had  to 
encounter  a  vexatious  variety  ot*  text-l)ook8,  hut  now  has  the  pro- 
cess for  overcomiiii;  tjie  ultstaele  under  p»otl  lu'a<lw:iy.  At  the 
Jackson  school  he  taught  four  terms  in  succession,  and  is  desired 
to  return.  lie  was  horn  July  7,  ISfjO,  in  Critteuden  county,  Ky., 
ami  was  hrou^ht  l»y  his  mother  to  this  county  in  1852,  his  father 
ha\ini;  j>rece«letl  them  ahout  six  moJitlis,  Ajiril  17.  1S7!>,  he  mar- 
ried Misf  Anna  Moi.re,  daujjliter  of  llohert  Moore,  of  Louisiana. 
Mo.,  and  born  in  PittstieM.  An;;.,  In55. 

IIumjiKrey  J9. //</r/<Ajr.  deceiuicil,  was  horn  in  Albemarle  county, 
\'a.,  Jan.  2<>.  1S0(»,  and  wah  the  hon  of  DanitI  Harlow,  lie  was 
raised  t.r>  a  farm  but  early  learned  tlu'  use  of  tools,  ami  for  several 
vears  alter  he  hcttleti  in  life  he  workeil  in  wockI  work  of  various 
kinds,  in  connection  with  farming.  In  religion  he  wa^  a  |irominent 
inemlwr  of  the  Ba)>tiHt  Chureh,  ami  was  always  res|»ected  for  his 
consistency  and  zeal  in  the  Ma^ter's  cau^^•.  He  dii'd  Feb.  7.  1SS(», 
at  G  1*.  M.  lie  was  married  twice  during  life,  and  his  second  wife 
was  Mrs.  Amilda  (  McKinney)  McC<iy,  by  wboni  lie  has  one  child, 
Eli/Jibeth,  now  Mrs.  Nathan  Zumwalt.  Mrs.  Harlow  has  2  chil- 
dren living,  and  .Mrs.  Zumwalt  has  had  12  children,  of  whom  l<i 
are  living.  She  has  aUo  14  grandc'hildreji.  Mr.  and  .Mrs.  II. 
eihigrattd  t»>  this  county  in  \^'.M\,  and  sutVere*!  the  privations  of 
pioneer  life. 

J.  W.  I '/rn^'y  was  born  in  Clermont  county,  ( )..  May  25,  1842. 
and  is  a  son  of  J.  N.  aixl  Matilda  \'arn(>y,  ot'  Ilannilial,  Mo.  He 
came  to  this  cu)nnty  in  l.s5H.  and  in  IsHl  ho  married  IleU'cca  Con- 
ner, daughter  of  Moses  Conner,  wiio  now  resides  with.  Mr.  \'arnev, 
in  his  Mst  year.  Mr.  Conner  is  a  well  known  pioneer.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Varney  have  had  7  childn'ii.  of  whom  5  are  Iivin<5,  namely, 
William.  Moses,  Charles.  .!•  dm  ancl  Luetta.  Mr.  N'arney  ha.s  car- 
ried on  c<X)pering  in  New  Hartford  for  20  jears,  and  is  now  doing 
a  good  business,  employing  from  6  to  !<  hands. 


PLEASANT  HILL  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  consists  for  the  most  part  of"  broken  land.  The 
bluffs  borderino^  the  Mississippi  valk-y  extend  northwest  and 
southeast  through  the  township,  dividing  it  into  two  triangles  ; 
one  of  these  is  known  as  the  Hill  Triangle,  the  other  the  Bottom 
Triancfle. 

The  township  was  first  settled  in  ]\rarch,  1821,  by  Belus  and 
Egbert  Jones,  brothers.  Tliev  located  on  sec.  25,  where  thev 
erected  a  log  cabin  and  made  other  improvements.  Here  they 
kept  the  first  tavern  of  Pike  county,  and  here,  too,  the  first  liquor 
was  sold  in  the  county.  At  the  very  first  meeting  of  the  County 
Commissioners'  Court,  and  the  very  first  business  which  it  trans- 
acted, was  to  grant  these  bvothers  license  to  sell  liquor.  They  also 
engaged  in  stock-raising,  but  were  very  much  annoyed  by  wolves 
and  other  wild  animals.  Egbert  Jones  lived  and  died  on  the  old 
homestead,  and  Belus  died  at  Hamburg,  Calhoun  county. 

The  next  settlement  in  the  county  was  made  b}'  James  W.  Whit- 
ney and  Thomas  Pi'octor,  l)oth  ])rominent  characters  in  the  early 
history  of  Pike  county,  and  of  whom  we  speak  in  former  chapters 
in  this  work.  They  located  on  the  northeast  quarter  of  sec.  27, 
early  in  the  month  of  March,  1825;  in  ^iny  of  the  same  year  Paul 
Harpole,  of  Ramsay  Creek,  Mo,,  came  over  and  rented  ground  of 
the  Joneses,  raised  a  crop,  and  the  following  autumn  brought  his 
family  over  and  settled  on  the  southeast  quarter  of  sec.  35,  where 
he  resided  until  his  death.  In  the  fall  of  1825  Samuel  Brewster 
began  a  settlement  on  the  southeast  (juarter  of  sec.  7.  The  next 
settlement  was  made  by  Thomas  Barton  and  Uriah  Holland,  in  the 
spring  of  1826.  They  first  rented  land  of  the  Joneses,  and  the  fol- 
lowing fall  settled  on  sec.  22,  near  the  ford  on  Bay  creek.  These 
settlers  came  from  Pike  county,  ALo.,  and  the  settlements  that  im- 
mediately followed  the  above  were  made  ]u-incij)ally  l)v  people  from 
Pike  and  Lincoln  counties,  Mo. 

These  early  pioneers  of  this  township  had  other  annoyances  be- 
sides those  given  by  the  wild  animals.  These  were  by  the  treach- 
erous and  troublesome  Indians,  who  were  here  in  large  numbers. 
The  farms  here  were  first  opened  by  ox  teams,  and  the  first  wagons 
consisted  of  wooden  wheels,  sawed  from  logs.  Thev  had  their  hard 
times  in  other  ways.     They  had  to  grind  corn  in  a  homiTiy  block 


7*24  IIISTOKV    OF    riKK    t'uDNTY. 

Htid  in  haiHl-iiiills  :it  Hi>t;  h  hor^o-inill   was  at'terwanl  erected  on  a 

htiiiiip  near  PittstieM.     The  tir>t  mill  of  any  note  was  operated  hy 

water  jtower,  and  was  erected  l)y  Klislia   Harrington  in  tne  Tall  and  ■ 

winter  ot"  l>ii7,  on  the  8.  NV.  |  of  see.  8.     Tiie  power  was  obtained  I 

tliron^jh  a  race  cut  across  iVoin  a  bend  in  Six-Mile  creek.     This  I 

mill   >iij)erseded   in  a  jjreat  de»^ree  the  hominy  block  and  spring- 

)>ole,  the  hand  an<l  horse-mill. 

Regardless  of  these  hardships  and  inconveniences,  the  pioneers 
of  this  township  were  noted  for  their  benevolence  and   hoHj)itality. 

The  first  school  was  tau;;ht  in  the  spring  ttf  1>*28  by  Win.  Howell 
in  a  private  house,  and  the  next  two  term^  of  school  were  taught 
liy    Mr.    H.iilev.      Till'   tir^t   sehool-hooe     was   erect»'d    in    l^.'VJ.   on 

sec  2:i. 

The  tirsi  sermon  was  preached  in  the  house  of  Thomas  liarton, 
by  Uev.  Stephen  Knddle,  a  Christian  minister,  in  ISiifi.  Kvery 
man,  womari  and  child  in  the  settlement  went  to  hear  this  sermon. 
Klder  Itud'lle  an«l  his  brother  were  cjirried  away  by  the  Indians 
when  the  former  was  14  years  of  a;^'.  and  kept  until  he  was  30. 
The  }>et»ph'  of  the  Baptist  faith  ereeted  the  lirst  (Miiirch  in  the 
villa«;e  of  IMetusant  Hill  in  I'^^S.  The  first  .lu-^ticeof  the  l*«'aee 
was  Felix  (.'ollard,  and  the  tirht  Supervisor  wji*  Thomas  (/ollard. 

I'l.KASANT   ini.i . 

Till'  vill:itfe  or  rie.i^artl  Hill  is  very  pleasantly  located  on  sees. 
ir»  anil  21,  and  is  on  the  line  of  the  ('hicu;^'o  A:  .\lton  11.  li.  It  was 
laid  out  by  Kli  and  ('harles  Hubbard  and  .lohn  Mc.Miillen,  in  1830, 
and  was  incorponited  in  18(J;*,  Dr.  John  A.  Th«)n>as  lK.'in;4  ^^^  ^i**^ 
jiresident.   It  eotitain-^  a  postoffiee,  stores,  blacksmith  .-hoj»,  etc. 

Phasuut  Hill  n-*'^t  C/turch.  -'V\\Ki  .Martinsbur^'  Church, 
from    which    the    1'  Hill     Itaptist  ('hurch    emanated,    was 

i»rpiniz»Hl  pursuant  to  previous  agreement  on  Saturday,  P^eb. 
l.">.  184.'»,  at  tlie  sclumlhouse  in  Martinsbnr^T-  After  an  ap- 
propriate .sermon  by  Ehler  David  Hubbard,  the  meml>ers  j>ro- 
ceeued  ti>  or^^nize  by  cluxj.-ing  Joseph  jiaker  .Moderator,  and 
Jacob  Capps,  Clerk,  pro  t^m.  The  number  of  members  that 
constituted  the  Church  at  that  time  was  only  It*.  Jac«»b  Capps 
was  invited  t«»  assist  Uev.  Hubl»ard  in  constitutin;^  them  a  (Mnircli. 
Tljey  then  unaniniously  adojiteil  a  series  of  Articles  of  Faith  and 
Rules  of  Decorum,  which  the  Pleasant  Hill  CMuirch  has  since 
adopted,  with  some  modifications. 

After  the  alK»ve  Church  wiis  orjranized  it  prospered  under  the 
pastoral  care  of  Elder  Davi«l  Hubbard  until  Feb.  22,  lh51,  when 
Jacob  (-apps  and  the  Pastor  held  a  series  of  meetin<js  at  ^lartins- 
buro^,  and  were  abundantly  blessed.  Fifteen  members  were  added 
to  tlie  Church.  The  meeting;  was  then  removed  to  Pleasant  Hill 
and  continued  there  for  several  days  and  ni^^hts,  diirin^  which 
time  21  more  joined  the  Church.  The  Ciiurch  then  continued 
under  the  pastoral    care  i»f  Elder    Hubbard   until   Thursday,  week 


HISTOKY    OF    I'lKE    COUNTY. 


725 


before  the  4tli  Satm-chiy  in  April.  1852,  wlien  a  protracted  meeting 
comiiienced  at  Pleasant  Hill.  The  niei'tiny^  was  conducted  by 
Elder  J.  F.  Smith,  of  Missouri,  and  Elder  Hubbard,  and  2o  more 
were  added  to  the  Church,  which  made  a  majority  of  the  Ohurcli 
who  resided  at  and  near  Pleasant  Hill.  In  consequence  of  this 
there  was  a  call  meetinii^  at  the  school-house  at  Pleasant  Hill  to 
devise  a  ]>lan  tVtr  establishin<r  a  branch  of  the  Martinsbur^^  Church 
at  Pleasant  Hill.  A  petition  was  sent  to  the  Martinsbur^  Church, 
signed  by  37  members.  In  response  to  the  petition  it  was  decided 
best  for  the  members  to  remain  together  as  one  Church,  but  meet 
twice  per  month  instead  of  once,  at  Martinsburg  on  the  4th  Satur- 
day in  each  month,  and  at  Pleasant  Hill  on  the  2d  Saturday,  the 
Churcli  when  in  session  at  Pleasant  liill  to  have  the  same  jKjwer 
to  transact  any  business,  as  at  Martinsburg. 

The  Church  flourished  under  the  above  arrangements,  and  un- 
der the  pastoral  care  of  Eldei-  Hubbard  until  the  s|>ring  of  1853, 
when  the  much  esteemed  Pastor  left,  with  several  other  prominent 
members,  and  removed  to  Oreijon  Territory.  However,  destitute 
as  the  Church  was,  it  had  another  protracted  meeting  at  Pleasant 
Hill,  in  August,  1853,  conducted  by  Elder  Ingmire,  from  Pittsfield, 
and  Smith  and  Music  from  Missouri,  and  another  glorious  revival 
was  experienced,  during  which  23  more  were  converted. 

The  Church  now  continued  under  the  pastoral  care  of  Elders 
Inguiire,  Music  and  Landrum,  until  the  spring  of  1857. 

The  members  near  Pleasant  Hill  wishing  to  be  constituted  an 
independent  Church  at  Pleasant  Hill  sent  a  petition  to  the  mother 
Church  at  Martinsburg,  which  was  granted  May  4,  1857;  where- 
upon the  following  persons  received  letters  of  dismissal  for  that 
purpose: 


*G.W.  Gregory. 
*Win.  .Mitchell. 
*Su6an  Mitchell. 
Jo-seph  D    Brooks. 
Mary  J.  Brooks. 
*IjHv\son  Turner. 
*Susan  Turner. 
*John  [.app. 
♦Frances  Lapp. 
*JiiC()b  Einmert. 
Eliza  Emmert. 
Marj'  Col  lard. 
*.Iohn  Sapp. 
John  .\.  Thomas. 
*Sarah  E.  Tliomas. 
E.  T.  Gresham. 
*Elenor  Gresham. 

Those  marked  * 


NAMES. 

Sarah  Simpson. 
Eliza  J.  Veuable. 
Redman  Crews. 
*\Vini)y  Crews. 
Ann  E.  Crews. 
*G.  W.  By  bee. 
Rhoda  C  Bybee. 
*.Jacob  Wiudmiller. 
Sarah  AVindniiller. 
*Wm.  Jackson. 
Frances  Tnplett. 
.Facob  Turnbaugh. 
*Smith  W  Leek. 
Wm.  E.  Smith. 
Mary  Smith. 
Elijah  Antery. 
L.  C.  Lewis. 
Elizabeth  Davis.  *John 

are  dead. 


Susannah  Lewis. 
S.  n.  Lewis. 
David  Wilson. 
Isai)hena  Wilson. 
Keziah  Lewis. 
Lauretta  Smith. 
Daniel  Crossman. 
Nathan  Allison. 
Mary  Ann  Taylor. 
Abigail  Turnbaugh. 
^Lirgaret  Craigmiles. 
John  N.  Collard. 
Mary  A-  Collard. 
G.  W.  Branson. 
*Lydia  Sinkle  ir. 
*Wm.  Cann(m. 
Joseph  S.  Davis. 
Sinklear. 


At  the  April  meeting,  after  letters  to  the  above  persons  were 
granted,  John  A.  Thomas  was  appointed  to  prepare  the  Articles  of 
Faith  and  Rules  of  Decorum,  and  advised  to  copy  from  the  Church 


Imok  of  tlie  Murtinhbiir^  (Miurch.  Arran^otnents  were  alst)  maile 
for  c'Oii6titutiti^  at  the  next  meetinir  in  May  (1857),  and  M.  M. 
Mndihctt  and  Albert  Nfitoliell  tmin  Missouri  were  invited  to  attend 
n!id  a^t^iht  in  orijanizin^  and  coiistitiitin;;  the  Church. 

Tlic  foMowin«(  are  the  Articlcj*  of  Faith  iip(»n  which  this  Church 
was  organiy.ed  and  constituted  at  I*U*a.-.ant  Hill,  tho  2d  Saturday 
in  Afav,  1857: 

AKTirLKii    OK    KAITII. 

An,  1.  Tliiil  th«  Sri|it»rv«  of  ihe  Old  ami  Now  Tetttumt-uU  tirf  the  infuliible 
word  of  (i<kI. 

An  *J.  That  lIuTO  is  hut  oni*  only  tnu'  Otxl.  and  in  the  OiKlhead  or  iliviin* 
t-jMU'iuu',  there  are  Kath«T,  8«»ii.  umi  Holy  <iIhhiI. 

Art.  y.     That  by  iiature  \v    "■   •   Uin.  dii-'   •  in-h 

Art-  4      That  Halvntion.  'ion,  sji'  and  jtiMillcation  are  by 

the  life,  death,  reoiirrection  tuiu  aM:cnHiun  ol  Ji%au»  (.  uriitt,  and  the  op4-riition  of 
the  Holy  Spirit 

Art    .'»      'I  '  ice  to  (llory. 

Art.  fl.    'Ii  ,:  :y  to  ihc  rirc«iving  of 

the  I^onl'H  Su|i|KT 

Art.  7.  I  hat  ili<  iuilvation  ol  the  righle-xis  :uj'i  |iuiiiHhment  nf  the  wicked 
will  be  eternal 

KVLK»   or    DKt'ORUy. 

Rule  1  --TItr  bti'.in'-'^^  nf  the  Chun-h  tn  »m-  f!»n«-  ihr  'M  Saiur>lay  in  each  tnontb 
(nuh-HH..il                                     bv  the  '  i  ocLkW    Kvi-ry  male 

ineiitlMT  1 ;.,....  '  ^■- ae. ...•.,..   ■■  for  aiieh  net:i<-<t. 

lUile  'J  -  A  .Mo<leraii>r  rk  to  l»c  eh<»M-Q  by  u  inulorily  «)f  the  vol  •••  prea- 

ei,-  •      •  •  M     ■  the  Ciiurrh   while  at 

b  .f  tli..  C'lmn  li:   h«-  ii 

t.  >n 

('  .        .  :.-     I.  ..  ^ ••  ucn 

!  on  for  that  |iur|><HM-  * 

K.ilrJJ— W '      '  ' — ■  lie  iiiiH  t^  •if  •istPfCMiurrhra 

to  Iw  invitiHl  :   lljjht  <)r  ad\icc  on  anv  -^ub- 

Hii  •  1  ne<l  ft»r  the  reception  of  ineinlierit. 

Hule  .') — Tlie  .Mo<leriti<tr  !<'  r  all  lire  in  jx-m-e  and  fello«\>bip.  or 

anyone  ha»  any  mat*- •-■'''  '  '•••<>g  forward  thai  hu  been  ireAted  in 

fOHiH'l  onier  * 

Kubrt— The.:  r  ,.,...,.     .  .     i,<l  lo. 

Hiile  7  -  Anv   •  to  hU 

t>  .>r  Mitii  bn>lberly  n-^|iet-i ;  a  luutmn  ihuiinin-Je  nut  to 

I"  .  .     'IhI. 

Uul«' H  — No  bn>iher  to  Ik?  interrupted  while  8|M>akin^.  except  he  depait  fniiu 
the  Btibjei-t,  on  whieh  the  >t  '  -  •  '  n-  ,ny  other  brother  may  call  to  order,  of 
which  )M>int  of  onler  the  (*b  ■   when  applietl  to  for  that  piirp<»«*e. 

hall  i»p4itk  uiort-  than  twice  to  any  subject  without  per- 
il .1 

Uuie  10. — Therr  shall  In-  no  In  nr  wbi!*|KTin>r  in  time  of  public 

Benrice.  Nor  i«hall  ib'"'-  >-•  anv  ...f,*  ..^  ix,^^  icditlionA  on  any  brother  that  baa 
spoken  before. 

Rule  11. — All  the  '  "   -     '.    "  .rity  of  the  mem- 

Imts  pn-M-nt.  e.xc«pt  ;  ■  r  iim»t  In-  unani 

nioiis;  (wothinU  iiuiy  exi  liule. 

itiile  Vi. — That  bro'iherly  1  ve  mnv  rontinue.  the  IKih  of  Matthew  is  to  be  at 
tendetl  to  in  all  caM.-8  ho  far  as  pr  •■  in  treating  with  our  brettin-n,  and  in  all 

uncoi :,M-s  the  Church  to  1m-  un   judjn*.  and  in  all  jniblic  trans^-s^iona  ac- 

know  >\\s  are  to  lie  made  to  the  ('liunh.  • 

Rule  U. — We  con>ider  it  the  duty  of  nienilKrrs  in  reiuovinp  their  residence  to 


d 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  727 

distant  bounds  to  apply  to  the  Cliurch  for  a  lettt-r  of  di.smission  and  join  some 
other  Church  with  speed,  or  as  soon  as  duty  and  prudence  will  dictate. 

Rule  14. — We  consider  it  our  duty  to  be  tender  and  atlectionate  to  each  other 
and  study  the  happiness  of  the  cliiklren  of  God  in  general,  and  to  be  engaged 
singly  to  promote  the  honor  of  (4od. 

Rule  15. — We  consider  it  disorderly  to  attend  frolics,  plays,  horse-racing,  grog- 
ops,  and  charivaries. 

By  order  of  the  Cnureh. 

John  A.  Thomas,  Church  Clerk. 

The  last  rule  was  introduced  bj^  Dr.  Tlioinas,  the  Clerk. 

BIOGRAPHICAL. 

The  further  details  of  the  history  of  Pleasant  Hill  township  are 
best  given  in  short  biographical  sketches  of  its  pioneers  and  prom- 
inent citizens. 

William  Barton  is  engaged  in  fanijing  on  sec.  21 ;  P.  O.,  Pleas- 
ant Hill. 

JEdivard  Byhee,  farmer  and  trader,  sec.  IT;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill; 
was  born  in  Monroe  county,  K\'.,  in  1851,  and  is  a  son  of  George 
W.  and  Rhoda  C.  Bybee,  natives  also  of  Kentucky;  when  he  was 
very  young  his  parents  emigrated  with* him  to  this  county,  where 
he  grew  to  manhood,  receiving  a  common-school  education.  In 
1874  he  married  Fannie  V.  Hubbard,  who  was  born  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  in  1S52,  and  their  children  are  Minnie  E..  Edna  F.  and 
Lenois  D.  Mr.  B\'bee  has  been  prosperous  in  his  business,  and 
now  owns  160  acres  of  land,  mostly  in  the  Mississippi  Bottom, 
and  all  fenced.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Baptist 
Church. 

Peter  Craigmiles,  salesman  atid  clerk  in  a  general  store  at 
Pleasant  Hill,  was  born  in  18S8,  in  this  county,  and  is  the  son  of 
James  and  Margaret  Craigmiles;  in  1863  he  married  Sarah  Etnert, 
who  was  born  in  Pike  county.  Mo.,  and  they  have  had  6  children, 
5  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  C.  is  well  known  in  the  vicinity  of 
Pleasant  Hill,  as  he  has  been  clerking  in  one  store  for  17  years, 
although  the  establishment  has  changed  hands  two  or  three  times; 
he  has  also  been  Town  Clerk,  Collector  and  Township  Treasurer. 

Inghim  Doiiian^  deceased,  was  born  Maj^  31,  lbl3,  in  Hamp- 
shire county,  Va.,  where  he  was  reared  on  a  farm  and  educated  in 
a  subscription  school;  in  1839  he  married  Miss  Eve  Kurtz,  daugh- 
ter of  Martin  and  Mar}'  Kurtz;  she  was  born  Aug,  24,  1823;  of 
tlieir  10  children  these  8  are  living, — Mary  J.,  Sarah  C,  Jeremiah, 
Thomas  B.,  Margaret  C,  Rachel  M.,  Benjamin  F.  and  Delilah  A. 
A  son  named  John  W.  lost  Jiis  life  from  a  wound  received  while 
fighting  for  the  stars  and  stripes  in  the  war.  Mr.  Doman  emi- 
grated with  his  family  to  Illinois  in  1845,  settling  in  Madison 
county,  and  in  1857  he  came  to  this  county,  where  he  died  N^ov. 
17,  1872,  his  death  being  a  great  loss  to  his  family  and  to  the  com- 
munity. He  was  a  farmer  during  life.  His  fatlier  also  was  a 
patriot,  being  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812. 


72S  Hr!*T<»KY    OK    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

ThomnH  O.  Kdiliun,  tariner,  sec.  5;  1*.  ().,  Pleasiint  Hill;  wiw 
l)orii  in  AlhcMiiiirlt^  county,  \'ii.,  in  1S8S,  uud  is  x\  son  ot"  H.  R.  an<i 
Klizji  K»l<litis,  al.-u  natives  of  \'irijinia;  receiving  a  coninion-school 
education  and  growin«^  to  manhood,  ho  eniii^rated,  in  1860,  to  thJH 
tp.;  in  1865  he  niarritni  Klizal>oth  Kur^uson,  who  was  born  in  this 
county  in  1^45.  the  daii^'littT  "f  Kd ward  and  Catliariiie  Fuijjuson, 
and  they  have  had  t5  (diildriii.  Mr.  Kddins  ttcrvid  3  years  in  Co. 
A,  Sth  M«».  Inf.,  and  fought  in  the  battles  ijf  Forts  Henry  and 
Donelson,  Shiloh.  Haines'  HlutV,  Arkansas  Pobt,  siege  of  Vicks- 
bur;;,  Chainpioii  Hills,  Corinth,  Miss.,  and  Keni't:aw  Mountain,  in 
all  of  which  he  diil  not  receive  a  scratch.  He  now  owns  12(>  acres 
of  laud,  Worth  $5U  ner  acre,  liavin^r  been  Kticcessful  as  a  fanner. 
He  is  a  nieni)>cr  of  the  K.  of  II.  Society,  and  his  wife  is  a  nieiirber 
of  the  M.  K.  Church. 

Mr».  J\ttun<e  W.  McFl/rfK/i,  sec.  IS;  1*.  (),  Pleasant  Hill; 
wa.'i  born  in  I^'JI  in  l*ike  county.  Mo.,  and  is  a  daughter  of  llich- 
ard  and  Ruth  Keer,  bitth  natives  of  Kentucky.  Slie  came  to  this 
County  when  14  years  of  a;^*,  and  was  inarrietl  first  in  iS.'iT  t<»  Mr. 
.laints  Wells,  the  second  time  in  1  >4»»  to  Job  Smith,  and  the  third 
and  hibt  time  t'»  A<juiia  l>.  .McKlfresh.  Alto^clher  she  has  had  ^ 
ehililren.  Her  first  and  sec«»nd  liusbands  were  farmers,  and  tiie 
last  a  .Meth<i<list  preacher.  She  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist  (Miurch. 
She  has  now  Ut'ii  cotuluctiii;;  tin-  farm  for  17  years,  with  a  family 
of  3  children.      Her  only  ."on  is  still  linn^  witli  her. 

Dr.  II.  D.  Fortune  was  U»rn  in  1h41  in  I'ike  county.  Mo.,  and 
is  a  son  of  K.  C.  and  Mary  Fortune,  nativea  of  Virjfinia  ;  he 
receiveil  a  common. sch<Kd  e»iucation;  at  tin*  a^e  of  !!•  betjan  the 
study  of  medicine  under  Dr.  C.  U.  Hankhejul.  at  I'ainesville,  .M(t. ; 
atten«ied  the  St.  Louis  Mediail  College,  where  he  graduatcil  March 
1,  18r».'>;  practiced  ids  iirofession  at  Painesvjllc  IS  months;  then 
went  to  rrairieville.  Pike  Co..  Mo.,  where  he  practice*)  7A  years, 
and  in  1>74  C4ime  to  P' *.  Hill,  where  he  has  been  enjoy inj«;  a 

f rowing  j>ractice.  In  .  iiiU-r,  1^<J5,  he  nmrried  Miss  K.  I. 
)ouuherty.  wlm  wa«  l)orn  in  Pike  county.  Mo.,  aliout  1842,  and 
thev  h'»ve  had  4  children.  The  Doctor  is  a  meml>er  of  the  .M.  K. 
Churrh.  and  his  wife  of  the  P.aptist  Church.  He  is  also  a  Free 
Ma,s«»n.  and  a  meml>cr  of  the  Town  Board. 

Willinm  S.  Kreaman  wnA  Iwrn  in  Pula^^ki  c^iunty,  Ky.,  in  1851, 
and  is  a  son  of  Stephen  F.  Freeman,  now  of  .Martinsbtir;;,  where 
he  was  reared  from  the  a;^  of  4  years;  April  8,  ls74,  he  married 
Harriet  A.  I'arton,  dau^jhter  of  Friah  Barton,  an«l  their  two 
children  are  Kla  A.  and  Flora  M.  Mr.  Freeman  has  tau^jht  school 
during;  the  winter  season  mostly  for  12  3*ears,  with  great  success. 
He  now  tVdlows  farminir  during  the  summer  seasons. 

Joseph  B.  GaUoiray,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  10;  wjis  l>orn 
in  Linotdn  county,  Mo.,  April  2S,  1S2»!,  ami  is  a  son  of  James  Gal- 
loway, deceased,  so  well  known  in  the  earlv  settlement  of  this 
County.  Joseph  B.  was  brought  up  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  a 
subscription   school.     The  family  removed  to  this  county  in  1832. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  729 

and  have  therefore  exj)erieiiced  tlie  scenes  of  pioneer  life  in  this 
wild  West.  One  day  Mr.  Galloway  witnessed  the  capture  of  a  fox 
by  the  school  boys  and  their  dogs.  So  many  dogs  caught  the  ani- 
mal at  once  that  thev  held  him  stretched  out  at  fnll  length  above 
the  ground  for  some  time,  which  was  a  rather  comical  situation, — 
that  is,  to  the  boys,  not  to  the  fox.  Mr.  G.  remembers  when  the 
only  wagons  used  here  were  of  the  old  Virginia  style,  and  there 
were  but  few  of  them.  The  plows  consisted  of  a  piece  of  iron  for 
a  point,  and  a  wooden  moldboard.  Mr.  Galloway  has  pounded  corn 
in  a  "masher  mill,"  which  consisted  of  a  wooden  mortar  and  a 
pounder  attached  to  a  spring-pole.  He  once  went  to  where  Eldara 
now  stands,  a  distance  of  15  or  16  miles,  to  a  horse-mill  there  to 
get  some  corn  ground.  In  a  few  years  after  this  Mr.  Znmwalt 
erected  a  water  mill  on  Bay  creek.  James  Galloway  was  a  very 
strong  man.  Even  at  the  age  of  60  years  he  could  in  a  wrestle 
throw  men  of  24  years  of  age,  and  at  the  age  of  72  he  made  a  full 
hand  in  the  iiarvest  field,  lie  was  an  industrious  farmer,  and  also 
worked  more  or  less  in  wood  work.  Ho  was  a  soldier  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war,  as  also  were  his  two  elder  brothers,  William  and  Sam- 
uel. He  died  Nov.  17,  1872,  at  the  age  of  76  years.  He  leaves 
one  brother,  Zorobabel,  and  man}^  other  friends  to  mourn  his  loss. 
He  was  a  public-spirited  man,  and  did  much  for  the  improvement 
of  this  county.  Joseph  B,  was  married  Sept.  30,  ]S47,  to  Miss 
Sarah  Jennings,  and  their  12  children  are:  Mary  E.,  Tabitha  E., 
dec,  Thomas  S.,  James  D.,  Lydia  A.,  S.  Margaret,  Bales  II.,  Wil- 
liam H.,  Sarah  A.,  Ida  E.,  Joseph  F.  and  Nellie  Grant. 

e/1  JB.  Harl,  miller,  merchant,  grain-dealer,  etc.;  was  born  in 
Mason  county.  Ivy.,  in  ISll,  the  son  of  John  and  Mary  Ilarl,  na- 
tives also  of  the  same  State,  who  emigrated  to  Saline  county.  Mo., 
when  their  son  was  12  years  old;  in  1863  he  came  to  this  county, 
wliere  in  1865  he  married  Miss  Nancy  C.  Grimes,  who  was  born  in 
1845  in  this  county.  They  have  had  three  children.  Soon  after 
Mr.  Harl  settled  here  he  erected  a  mill  36  by  68  feet,  and  4  stories 
high,  with  a  capacity  of  50  barrels  of  flour  per  da}^;  the  machinery 
is  driven  by  a  40-horse  power  engine,  and  he  is  able  to  make  the 
highest  grade  of  flour.  His  miller,  Mr.  T.  J.  Mitchell,  has  been 
superintending  the  mill  ever  since  it  was  erected.  Mr.  II.  is  also 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business,  carrying  a  larger  assortment 
than  any  other  house  in  town,  selling  goods  at  the  lowest  cash  price. 
He  also  buys  and  ships  large  quantities  of  grain;  in  fact,  he  is  the 
most  enterprising  business  man  in  the  ])lace.  He  is  a  noble-hearted 
man,  and  well  liked  bv  all  who  know  him. 

Alexander  Hemphill^  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill. 
This  man  was  born  in  Calhoun  county,  111.,  in  1847,  and  is  a  son 
of  A.  F.  and  Jennie  A.  Hemphill;  when  he  was  quite  young  his 
parents  came  with  him  into  this  county,  where  he  received  a  com- 
mon-school education  and  grew  to  manhood  ;  in  1877  he  married 
Eliza  J.  Turnbaufjh,  who  was  born  in  this  county  in  1852.  Thev 
have  one  child.     Mr.  H.  has  had  ordinarv  success  as    a  farmer, 


3i»  HISTOKT    Oy    PIKE   Cl>rXTA-. 

're>»  of  laiiti.  wurth  $40  afi  acre.     He  is  a  member 


1 


.!?.    IT.  L      ^  iU^  deoemsetl,  wa«   bum   in   Pike   countj,   Oct.   9, 

I>:i6.  and  wag  a  «on  of  Alex,  and    Maryi^aret   Hemphill,  deceased; 

^             :  up  a'  iia*  pursued  tbeoccu(Mition  thrt>u;;b  life. 

I-             "             V  :  lu  V                                                    natj,  a'   '               -d 

l:-.  »r       O                                           ....  ^,^.^  S                       ,. 

ler  <  .         ^                                e  wa*                                i, 

in  t;  Mr.  and  Mr«.  ii.  iiave  had  8              -n,  of  whom  4 

are  v,   Nancv  M.,  I!  '         M..  !>>.... ^^i  L'.  and  Austin 

E-      .  :  were  J..hn  ^'                  ^      ^^--    T     .,.,.?<....;    ]^ 

Mr.  U  13,  1>71.  a  .                                                                i- 

manitv  in  which  be  had  Ii  Nin>    H.  r>                                    -tead, 
sec.  16. 

U-,-.   z'....^;;.  r/..;.  .  ••  -ofGc •  '  ^^  ^"-.x, 

•n.  and   in    1S60  i:  -er,  who   wa«  bom  in 

t  are  livinij. 

Mt_  II  '   "-d  ill 

1876,  a  .       --    --  ::.    .. wa* 

bom   in  1^11   in  Vi  -   «-a«  a  native  <>f  Oiiiu. 

P.O.,  I 

^«^  \'.    ry 

Ladow,  ...  .  t; 

be  wa*  in  A-  .  O.,  h  » 

e-  :   m   1852  marrul    Maria  (vmrn.  a   natire  «>t    Mei^ 

c  •     •  >,  1«,77. 

y  — :  he 

«i  ^  ■  ■  •■       n  r>-  of 

good  land  near  K  :.      While  he  lired  in  Alia*  tp.  be  was  for 

a  time   •  ile  now  reaidea  oo  fee  17,   this  tp.     P.  O., 

Plt^ar 

7".  «/.  -L  in    l"^.'  in  thi?   cnnntv,  an«"?  t«  the  -Min 

of  William  an     "  -see; 

be  wa6  reared  on  a  farm.  ati«i  at  tite  aise  of   :f  1  i  tiie  t 

ing  bu»int  <f.  i        '     '  '  '     '  .-i 

Ai'         V-     V  .....  .._     .-       .  .:» 

ti  :  .'n.     S  1  in  1870,  and 

in  1^I5  Mr.  M.  married  Mi**  M.  t.  .who  wa«  bom  in  1545 

in  tl:  one  cu..*l.     Mr.    ^^  1 

the  «.-...  i-^  ...in.,   A^eeis^or,  Contta.^*^    .».j-..    »...- 

Heifta.  ^.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill. 

Gtcr^   W.  M'-T'.  teacher.  wa»  b«-»m   in  Lincoln   coantj.  M"., 
April  5.  \<^K  and  ie  a  Wm    "  -^h  is  next 

g,;, ...  ...  J  ,.-■     .     ■■•.-€*  ui  i  .'jswant  Hi...    *_t-.  V;  .  ua*.  u   .-' ♦ --•     =1 

e  I  rears  of  age.  except   fonr  rears  •.  -t 

war.     He  was  a  member  of  the  MiMonri  State  -  ^  for9  ; 

Has  al»o  been   Riding  Constable  9  or  10  years  in  this  Xjo 
and  was  Town   Clerk  here  also  for  3  rear?.     Ang.  29.  l?v.',  ne 


f. 


m 


^ 


l^~7^Z  ^a^ 


^ 


s 


HISTOKY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  733 

married  ^[iss  Sarali  J.  Allen,  dauj»liter  of  Cary  Allen,  deceased, 
and  they  liave  had  3  children,  of  whom  2  arc  livinor, — Charles  II. 
and  Noble.  Mr.  Moure  re!?ides  in  Pleasant  Ilill,  and  is  teaching 
liis  third  term  at  Jacobsville  school-house,  and  has  taught  8  terms 
in  the  Dodge  district,  near  Pleasant  Jlill. 

William  Moore,  the  son  of  Benjamin  and  Frances  Moore,  was 
born  in  Madison  county,  Ky.,  P'eb.  K».  Ibl-i.  In  1S28  Mr.  Moore 
emigrated  to  Missouri,  and  in  Lincoln  county,  that  State,  Sept.  1, 
1833,  he  married  Miss  Margaret  Gilliland,  who  was  born  in  Simp- 
son county,  Ky.,  July  I'-i,  ISl."),  and  was  taken  to  Missouri  when  a 
babe;  in  18G1  they  came  to  this  tp.  Their  11  children  are,  John, 
De  Francis,  Geo.  W.,  Wm.  K.,  James  W.,  Benjamin  F.,  Margaret 
A.,  Henry  Clay,  Amy  June,  Mary  Louisa  and  Stephen  A.  Doug- 
las. Mrs.  M.  is  a  member  of  the  Ba|)tist  Church,  and  Mr.  M.  is  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  order.  He  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace: 
was  also  Ordei'ly  Sergeant  in  the  Black  Hawk  War.  He  is  a 
blacksmith  by  trade,  and  is  doing  a  good  business.  His  father  was 
at  Yorktown,  Va.,  at  the  surrender  of  Lord  Cornwallis. 

W.  R.  Moore,  wagon  and  bugg}-  manufacturer  and  undertaker. 
Pleasant  Hill,  is  the  son  of  William  and  Margaret  Moore,  luitives 
of  Kentucky,  and  was  born  iji  Lincoln  county,  Mo.,  in  1841;  at  the 
age  of  20  he  emigrated  to  this  county,  where  in  1863  he  married 
Miss  Nancy  M.  Mitchell,  who  was  born  in  Tennessee  in  1840;  of 
their  5  children  4  are  living.  Mr.  Moore  has  followed  his  present 
business  in  Pleasant  Hill  since  1862.  He  served  6  months  in 
Co.  G,  5th  Mo.;  has  been  a  member  of  the  Town  Board  four 
times,  and  at  present  is  a  School  Trustee.  His  wife  died  in  1872, 
and  in  1875  he  married  Miss  Olivia  Carver,  who  was  born  in  1844 
in  this  county,  and  of  their  4  children  2  are  living.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
M.  are  members  of  the  Church. 

N.  L.  Piige,  Principal  of  the  Pleasant  Hill  school,  was  born  in 
Menard  county.  III.,  .Ian.  23,  1848,  and  is  the  son  of  E.  L.  Page; 
he  was  reared  on  the  farm,  received  a  good  education,  began  teach- 
ing at  the  age  of  21,  and  has  taught  school  11  years — 4  years  in 
Missouri,  and  7  in  this  count}'.  In  Shelby  county,  Mo.,  June  19, 
1869,  he  married  Anna  E.  Confry,  and  their  4  children  are  Freder- 
ick L.,  Esther  A.,  Carrie  V.  and  Arthur  I.  Mr.  Page  is  now 
teaching  his  second  year  in  Pleasant  Hill,  and  well  e.xemplilies  the 
princij)les  of  the  eminent  professor  of  the  same  name,  the  author 
of  the  "Theory  and  Practice  of  Teaching." 

Albert  Pearson,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill:  was  born 
in  Brunswick  county,  Va.,  in  1821,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and 
Mida  Pearson,  natives  also  of  the  Old  Dominion;  when  lie  was  12 
years  of  age  his  parents  moved  with  him  to  Ohio,  and  at  the  age  of 
25  he  moved  to  Missouri;  after  living  there  14  years  he  came  to 
this  county.  In  1852  he  married  Elizabeth  Ralston,  a  native  of 
Kentucky,  and  they  had  3  children;  she  died,  and  he  subsequentlx"* 
married  Elizabeth   Murray,  who  was  born  in    Kentucky  in   1824. 

42 


734  lll«ir<»KV    OK    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

uiid  of  their  S  children  4  are  living;.      Mi.  I*,  lias   been    reasoimhly 
successtiil  as  a  tanner,  aii<l  in»\v  owns  74  acres  of  t^ntn]  laii<l. 

Ira  linherts,  farmer,  see.  5;  son  of  Daviil  and  l^ovina  li<ibert8, 
was  born  in  Ohio  in  18.'i7;  his  father  was  a  native  of  W*rniont  ami 
liis  mother  of  New  ^"ork  State,  and  they  moved  with  liiin  to  this 
county  when  lie  was  "l  yeai^s  old  ;  here  he  «(rew  to  manlutod,  re- 
ceivin:;  a  coinmo!)-«chool  education;  in  1S»I7  lie  married  Elizibeth 
Jeans,  who  was  born  in  1*^44  in  this  county,  an<l  they  iiave  hail  4 
children.  Mr.  U.  R|)ent  <»ne  year  in  C.'alitornia,  to  examine  the 
country.  lie  Inis  «^ood  success  in  t'annin«;  here,  n«tw  owniiii^  12JA 
acr»'s  of  I'ood  land,  inostlv  under  cultivation,  and  ln'  has  ijo(»d  t"ann 
buildinirs  He  and  Mrs.  K.  are  members  of  the  Christian  CMiurch. 
Mr.  K.'s  father  was  a  prominent  preacher  frt>m  1H39  to  liis  death 
in  1855. 

Inititf  Sh'llty,  d»'{'i'ased,  sun  of  Samuel  Shelbv.  was  bi)ni  in  K:i>t 
Tennessee  Feb.  12,  lSi*«l;  waa  reared  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  the 
common  school;  Feb.  17,  184C,  he  married  Miss  Leah  ("apps, 
dau«;hter  of  .lohn  aiul  Klizalieth  Cupps,  dec.  who  was  also  born  iti 
Kast  Tennessee,  .Jan.  11,  IS-'^O;  in  the  sprin«f  of  ls47  they  emi- 
:;rated  to  this  tp.,  where  10  children  were  born  to  thmi,  namely, 
Sarah  K.,  .lames.  Samuel  ()..  <  )rlaniln  (\,  Isaiic  M.,  Martin  11., 
William  M  ,  NVnlt^^r  S.,  Cynthia  i...  and  Frank  L.,  all  of  whom  are 
livin;;. — a  rare  incident  indeed.  Mr.  Shelby  was  a  hard  working 
man,  followin;;  farmin:;  and  stock-raising,  iti  whioh  hi-  was  suc- 
cessful, lie  Wits  a  merchant  in  .Martit»^bur^  3  year>.  lie  was  a 
worthy  memlier  of  the  Uaptist  Church  for  .30  years  prior  to  his 
death,  which  occurred  Oct.  *J5,  ls74.  In  his  death  the  commu- 
nity lost  a  valuable  citizen  and  the  family  a  kind  father.  Mr^..  S. 
••••-idt's  on  .sfc.  1 1. 

^  /iffiion  Shtdt::,  deceased,  was  lK»rn  Sept.  1,  1S08.  in  I*ennsyl 
vania;  rearcil  on  a  faruj  and  receivcMj  a  common  M;hool  education; 
.Ian.  hi.  lS3i>,  he  marri«Hi  L«>vina  Taylor,  who  was  born  in  Frank- 
lin count  v.  ().,  Oct.  *J'.>.  l.^«»;».  atui  they  had  9  children,  .'•  of  wh<)m 
are  livin;;.  to  wit:  Sandi  .1..  Mar^raret,  Kliza.  Thomas  .1.  and  Nathan 
li.  .Mr.  S.  was  a  meml>er  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  a  ^Mier- 
ous  man.  aidin;;  all  charitable  institutions  and  the  prosperity  of 
6cln)ols. 

Jamej*  A.  Sitton,  farmer,  sec.  11;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill;  was 
l)<»rn  in  1837  in  this  tp.,  and  is  a  son  of  J.  G.  and  Mary  A.  Sitton. 
his  father  a  native  of  Tenne.«see,  and  his  mother  of  KeMtu«"ky;  he 
was  edncjite^l  in  the  common  schools;  in  l^<50he  marrie<l  (^hristina 
Hul>er.  who  was  born  in  1>«3I*  in  this  county,  atid  nf  tiieir  '^  chil- 
dren the  followinej  6  are  living:  Anna  L.,  W.  R.,  Frankie  CJ.,  Min- 
nie S.,  John  F.  and  Jesse  P.  Mr.  Sitton's  father  came  to  thi> 
county  in  1^3»».  and  is  the  oldest  settler  in  this  tp.  now  living  hen-. 
James  A.  is  a  successful  farmer,  now  ownin«;  212  acres  of  land. 
well  improved.  He  is  a  Freemason,  and  lx)th  he  and  Mrs.  S.  are 
members  of  the  Baptist  Church. 


I 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  735 

Thaddeus  Smith,  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill;  was  born 
in  KSoO  in  Jefferson  county,  Tnd.,  and  is  a  son  ot  J>arton  and  Eliza- 
beth Smith,  the  former  a  native  of  Indiana,  and  the  latter  of  Ohio; 
in  1874  tlie  family  settled  near  New  Salem,  tliiscounty.  In  1877  the 
subject  of  this  notice  married  Mar}-  E.  Dodge,  a  native  of  this 
county,  and  they  have  one  child.  ]\Ir.  Smith  has  followed  farming 
most  of  his  life,  tliough  he  has  clerked  in  a  dry-goods  and  grocery 
store  and  followed  the  agency  business  to  some  extent. 

S.  F.  Sutton,  fai'iner,  sec.  9;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill;  was  born  ^'n 
1834  in  JJarren  county,  Ky.,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Elizabeth 
A.  Sutton,  the  foi-iuer  a  native  of  Jventucky,  and  the  latter  of  Ver- 
mont; parents  moved  to  Boone  county,  Mo.,  when  our  subject  was 
3  years  old,  and  when  he  was  17  they  returned  to  Kentuck}',  and 
in  1853  they  emigrated  to  Pike  county,  111.,  locating  in  this  tp.  In 
1856  ]\[r.  S.  F.  Sutton  married  Martha  J.  Cruise,  who  was  born  in 
1834  in  Kentucky,  and  of  their  U  children  8  are  living.  Mr.  S. 
has  followed  agriculture  through  life,  and  by  hard  work  has  ob- 
tained a  comfortable  home  of  100  acres  of  land,  with  the  stock  and 
buildings. 

John  A.  Thomas,  M.  D.  The  ancestors  of  iJr.  Thomas  were 
natives  of  Wales  who  (Muigrated  to  the  United  States  about  40 
3'ears  previous  to  the  Revolution,  settling  in  Buckingham  count}-, 
Va.  Charles  Thomas,  a  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
served  under  Gen.  Washington  during  the  war,  and  was  one  of  the 
army  which  secured  the  surrender  of  Lord  Cornwallis  at  York- 
town;  after  the  close  of  the  war  he  returned  to  his  farm  in  Virginia, 
and  a  shoi-t  time  afterward  he  removed  with  his  familv  to  Patrick 
county  in  that  State,  where  he  followed  farming;  he  also  acted  as 
Justice  for  many  years,  and  was  high  Sheriff  of  the  county  two 
terras;  he  died  about  1836,  at  the  advanced  age  of  93  years.  Dur- 
ing his  life  he  killed  300  deer,  65  bears  and  44  panthers — in  Pat- 
rick count}'.  He  left  a  family  of  8  children,  the  next  oldest  being 
Cornelius  Thomas,  the  father  of  John  A.;  he  was  born  Oct.  16, 
1778;  followed  farming  in  his  native  county  until  1831,  when  he 
moved  to  Pike  county.  Mo.,  with  his  wife  (wliose  maiden  name  was 
Elizabeth  Slaughter)  and  8cliildren, — Anna,  Susannah,  Joab,  John 
A.,  Martin,  Constantine,  Smith  S.  and  Francis  Clarion,  the  latter 
two  being  twins.  In  1840  he  moved  into  Lincoln  county,  and  in 
1860  came  into  Pike  county.  111,,  and  lived  with  his  son.  Dr.  John 
A.,  where  he  died  in  1860,  aged  about  83.  His  wife  died  in  Lincoln 
county,  !Mo.,  in  1857. 

Dr.  John  A.  Thomas  was  born  in  Patrick  county,  Va.,  April  8. 
1818;  his  early  years  were  employed  on  hie  father's  farm,  attend- 
ing subscription  school  during  the  winter.  The  school-house  was 
a  common  log  building  daubed  with  mud,  having  a  dirt  floor, 
greased  paper  for  windows,  benches  made  of  split  logs,  and  desks 
of  the  same  material.  At  the  a^fe  of  15  vears  he  commenced  the 
study  of  medicine,  and  not  being  with  any  regular  physician  he 
borrowed  all  the  works  he  could  ;  at  the  age  of  17  he  commenced 


736  HI6TOKV    «>K    riKK    «'«»LN1V. 

teachinj^  school  in  the  winter,  and  tau«^ht  lonr  successive  winters, 
in  the  ineuntiiin"  continiiin;^  his  nieclical  studie!^,  and  takin<;  lec- 
ttires  from  Dr.  Ballarii,  of  Ltni^iana,  Mo.  In  ls4;}  lic>  married 
Saraii  (Tritfith  near  L  »uisiana,  who  was  a  native  of  P.onrhon 
county,  Ky.,  born  in  IS24;  he  then  moved  U)  the  spot  where 
Pk*a.«^ant  Hill  now  stands,  where  <»nly  tiiree  families  were  then 
livin-,',  and  from  that  time,  and  in  this  place,  the  Doctor  has 
continued  the  practice  of  me<licine.  lie  is  a  self-educated  man, 
l»ui  the  Missouri  Medicjil  (\)lle«v  at  St.  Louis  granted  him  a 
diploma  on  examination  in  1S5!^  and  he  has  also  been  granted  a 
certificate  by  the  Idinois  State  li(»ard  of  Health.  He  h;is  one  of 
the  tinest  medical  libraries  in  the  county,  and  has  done  as  much 
ridin;^  and  gratuitous  practice  as  any  physician  in  I*ike  county. 
He  spent  several  years  in  lecturing  or.  tlie  physiolo"}*  of  the  brain, 
moral  philosophy,  etc.  He  has  also  been  an  ardtMit  and  zeal- 
ous advocate  of  the  temperance  cause,  and  a  dev«»uj  Sunday- 
school  man,  often  kvturin;;  on  both  topics.  He  had  the  honor  in 
lS7i*  of  beini^  President  of  the  Pike  ('ounty  Sunday-School  ('on- 
ventioti.  The  D.x*tor  «)wns  sio  acres  of  land  under  cultivation, 
and  *2'K>  acres  of  timber,  and  is  lar;rely  interest***!  in  the  farming 
interests  of  the  county.  His  resilience  cost  $«;,0(K>.  His  first 
wife  died  in  ISOO.  who  had  »»  children,  4  now  livin«^.  The  Doctor's 
second  wife  was  S<»phia  Plair.  wlu>  was  born  May  li,  1836,  in  this 
i'ountv.  and  they  have  had  T)  children,  4  of  whom  are  livincr.  His 
present  wife  is  a  jjnuluate  <»f  the  Methodist  Female  ('olle«^i',  Jack- 
sonville, and  was  at  the  time  they  were  marrie*!  tilling  the  Chair 
of  MathetnAtic«  in  that  institution,  althou<rh  she  was  then  a  mem- 
lK»r  of  the  liaptist  church,  and  the  «)idy  Haptist  connected  witii  the 
college.  The  names  of  his  children  by  his  former  marriage  are 
.K»el  Sujith,  who  ^railuated  at  the  Ohio  Medical  ('  dlege  in  ls72, 
and  marrie<l  Mollie  Wells;  Melissa  Margaret,  marrietl  T.  J.  Shullz; 
Mary  Jane  C.  marrie<l  H.  C  Moore,  and  Cornelius  John  A.,  who 
married  Miss  Dille  liower.  The  names  of  his  children  by  his  pres- 
ent wife  are  All»ert  Joab.  William  Sherman,  and  (Marence  ('ritten- 
den.  Dr.  Thomas  is  a  Freemason,  and  both  himself  and  wife  are 
members  of  the  Baptist  Ciiurch.  The  Doctor's  portrait  will  l>e 
fouiui  in  this  Inxik. 

Kdicirtl  B.  rf'/wi/*-,  deceased,  was  bi>rn  in  Pike  county,  .Mo., 
in  1S27,  and  wjis  the  son  of  John  and  liachel  Venable,  natives  of 
South  Carolina;  when  he  was  16  vears  of  age  his  parents  moved 
with  him  to  this  county;  in  184*>  he  marrie<l  F)liza  (iresham,  who 
was  born  in  I*^2S  in  Christian  county,  Ky.;  and  of  their  s  children 
only  Louisa  is  living.  Mr.  Venable  followed  farming  the  most  of 
his  life;  was  in  other  occupations  some.  He  died  Dec.  19,  1879,  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  order.  During  life  he  was  aConstJtble  and 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  two  terms  each.  Mrs.  V.  has  a  very  nice  res-' 
idence  in  Pleasant  Hill,  and  she  and  her  daughter  are  members  of 
the  Baptist  Church. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY,  i6i 

Harmon  Weaver,  farmer,  sec.  1 ;  P.  O.,  Martinsburg;  was  born  in 
1816  in  Franklin  county,  O.,  and  is  a  son  of  Asa  and  Lucretia 
AVeavxT,  fatiier  a  native  ot"  Connecticut,  and  mother  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; wlien  Harinon  was  16  years  of  age  his  parents  moved  with 
him  to  DeUiware  county,  O.,  and  in  1839  they  came  to  this  county; 
they  settled  in  this  township  in  1851  or  1852.  In  1838  Mr.  Weaver 
married  Sarah  lioberts,  who  was  born  in  1820  in  Delaware  county, 
O.,  and  9  of  their  10  children  are  living.  Mr.  Weaver  has  been 
School  Director,  and  has  foUovt^ed  farming  with  good  success,  now 
owning  280  acres  of  valuable  land.  He  and  his  wife  are  members 
of  the  Christian  Church. 

Z.  T.  Wehsier,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill;  was  born 
in  1827  in  Washington  county,  Ky.,  the  son  of  James  and  Ada 
Webster,  also  natives  of  Kentucky;  when  he  was  8  years  old  his 
parents  moved  with  him  to  Mc  Donough  count}',  111.,  and  in  1842 
to  this  county,  locating  on  the  present  homestead.  In  1851  he 
married  Margaret  Briscoe,  who  was  born  in  18::6  in  Kentucky, 
and  they  had  one  child,  who  is  now  dead.  Mrs.  B.  died  in  1852, 
and  Mr.  W.  married  again,  in  1854,  Margaret  J.  Davis,  who  was 
born  in  this  county  in  1830,  and  they  have  had  4  children,  all  now 
living.  Mr.  AVebster  commenced  in  life  without  anything,  and  by 
honest  industry  he  has  now  a  comfortable  home  with  575  acres  of 
good  land,  455  of  which  are  on  the  Mississippi  bottom. 

G.  W.  Wells,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill;  was  born  in 
1855  in  this  county,  and  is  a  son  of  Perry  and  Elizabeth  Wells, 
father  a  native  of  Kentucky  and  mother  of  Missouri.  G.  W.  re- 
ceived a  common-school  education,  and  in  1876  he  married  Miss 
Miriam  Wel)ster,  daughter  of  Henry  and  Ellen  Webster,  who  was 
born  in  1858  in  this  county.  Of  their  5  children  2  are  deceased. 
As  a  farmer  Mr.  Weils  has  had  fair  success,  now  owning  93  acres 
of  bottom  land. 

Perry  Wells,  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill.  This  gentle- 
man was  born  in  1814  in  Madison  county,  Ky.,  the  son  of  liichard 
and  Mary  Wells,  the  former  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  the  latter 
of  Kentucky.  When  Perry  was  young  his  parents  moved  with 
him  to  Missouri;  in  1837  he  came  into  this  county.  In  1840  he 
married  his  tirst  wife.  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  Kerr,  a  native  of  Missouri. 
They  had  6  children.  Mrs.  AV.  died  in  1862,  and  he  was  again 
married  in  1863  (May  5)  to  Miss  Kate  Tisler,  who  was  born  in 
1836  in  this  county,  and  they  have  had  2  children.  Mr.  Wells 
commenced  in  life  in  very  limited  circumstances,  but  he  now  has 
1,2(j0  acres  of  land.  The  family  are  all  members  of  the  M.  E. 
church  at  Stockland. 

F.  L.  Zercnhevg,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Pleasant  Hill.  This 
man  was  born  in  1837  in  this  county,  and  is  the  son  of  Charles  and 
Christina  Zerenberg,  natives  of  (Tcrmany,  who  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1832,  tirst  settling  in  Pennsylvania,  afterward  (1834)  in 
Pike  county,  111.  Tiie  subject  of  this  notice  obtained  a  common- 
school  education,  and  in   1858  he  was  married  to  Eliza  Venable, 


738 


HISTOKV    OK    I-IKK    COUNTT. 


who  WiW  born  in  1838  in  Pike  county,  Mo.  Tlioy  luivo  hud  two 
cliihln-n,  l)ut  one  has  died.  Mr.  Z.  has  lived  on  tlie  present  t'urin 
since  1^G2•.  has  fulluwt'd  fjiiiuiii;^  all  his  life;  hi*  now  owns  225 
acres  otVood  hi^h  hind.  In  respect  to  pnl>lic  otUco  Mr.  Z.  has 
been  S<'hool  Director,  lioad  CtMnniissioner,  Supervisor,  Collector 
ami  Assessor.      He  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order. 

WlU'mm  Zeren^terg,  f.inner  and  stock-rai.ser,  sec.  14;  was  horn 
in  this  County  Feb.  27,  1>4;'»,  and  is  a  son  of  (^harles  Zerenberg, 
decojised,  who  was  well  known  as  an  early  settler  in  Piko  county. 
Wm.  was  reareil  on  a  farm.  At  the  ai^*  of  18  he  enlisted  in  Co.  C, 
10th  Mo.  Inf.,  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  (Champion  Hills,  sie^o 
of  Vicksbur^,  Mission  Kid;^*,  siein>  of  (^orinth,  etc.  lie  was  hon- 
orably discharged  Aug.  'M,  1>C.4.  In  1S(J«»  he  ni!irrie<l  Mary 
E.  Galloway,  daughter  of  J.  B,  (ialloway,  of  Pleasant  liill  tp. 
Their  two  cnildrcu  art*  Laura  A.  and  Francis  H. 


IIADLEY  TOWNSHIP. 

This  is  a  inagjiificent  township,  and  for  agricultural  purposes  is 
surpassed  by  few  in  the  Military  Tract.  It  is  what  may  be  properly 
termed  a  prairie  township.  The  sight  presented  to  the  early 
settler  must  have  been  pleasant  as  he  viewed  this  beautiful  nature's 
lawn,  now  thickh'  studded  with  houses,  orchards,  hedges  and.  all 
the  insignia  of  healthy  cultivation,  before  a  furrow  was  struck  or 
anything  to  disturb  the  eye  nearer  than  the  curling  smoke  of  three 
or  four  cabins  along  the  edges  of  the  timber. 

The  tirst  settler  in  this  township  after  the  Indians  had  been 
driven  Westward,  was  not  a  white  man,  but  a  colored  one.  He  was 
known  as  "  Free  Frank,"  and  came  with  his  wife  and  three  chil- 
dren to  this  township,  and  located  on  sec.  22,  in  1829.  He  was 
from  Kentucky,  and  had  spent  the  preceding  winter  in  Greene 
county.  111.  He  liad  purchased  his  freedom  and  that  of  his  family. 
To  conform  to  the  custom  of  the  age  the  Legislature  gave  Free 
Frank  a  surname,  viz:  McWorter,  and  he  was  always  afterward 
known  as  Frank  McWorter. 

After  Mr.  McWorter  had  been  recognized  by  the  Legislature,  in 
order  to  conform  to  the  law  he  must  be  re-married.  Accordingly 
he  and  his  wife  presented  themselves  for  that  purpose  before  Esq. 
Neeley.  When  McWorter  was  asked  if  he  would  live  with,  cherish 
and  support,  etc.,  his  wife,  he  replied,  "  Why,  God  bless  your  soul! 
I've  done  that  thing  for  the  last  40  years," 

Mr,  ^IcWorter  was  a  live,  enterprising  man,  a  reputable,  worthy 
citizen,  kind,  benevolent  and  honest.  He  labored  hard  to  free  his 
posterity  from  the  galling  yoke  of  Southern  slavery.  He  not  onl}' 
purchased  his  own  freedom  and  that  of  his  wife  and  children,  but 
left  provision  in  his  will  to  buy  grandchildren,  which  was  done  by 
his  son.  He  died  in  1857  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  77.  His  wife  died 
in  1871,  at  the  very  advanced  age  of  99.  Many  of  their  descend- 
ants are  still  living  in  the  townshij). 

The  first  white  settler  to  locate  in  lladley  was  Joshua  Woosle3\ 
This  veteran  still  resides  here,  living  on  his  farm,  on  sec.  li>,  in  the 
suburbs  of  Barry.  He  came  in  ls,30,  cut  logs,  and  built  the  second 
house  in  the  township,  the  first  being  erected  by  McWorter.  Then 
came  Charles  Ilazelrigg,  who  settled  on  sec.  33.  Dean  Peterson 
located  on  sec.  36.  Then  followed  Daniel  Clingensmith,  Reuben 
Shipman,    Anson    Gray,    Ti^aac    Moore.    James    Duttoii.    William 


r40 


mSToKV    (IK    IMKK    roiNTV 


Wilkinson,  Sleplu'ii  li.  Watson.. I osejjli  Slifllev  ami  William  Farmer. 
Tlit'se  pioneers  wen;  all   Soiitliorners,  niDStlv   from    Kentnekv  and 
U-niu'tisec. 

Tlifseearlv  pil<;rims  often  had  their  inijeniiity  taxed  to  its  ntmost 
in  order  to  perform  needed  lal)or  with  the  existin«;  to(»ls.  Neces- 
sity l»ein«;  tlie  mother  of  invention,  they  ijenerallv  found  some 
practical  way  t«)  do  their  work.  What  if  it  did  take  more  time  to 
perform  the  lalH)r^  That  was  of  hnt  little  consecjnence.  as  time  in 
those  early  davs  was  ahnndant.  The  pioneers  did  not  rush  alonir 
over  prairies,  throncrli  diile  and  woodhmd  at  the  rate  <»f  40  miles  an 
honr,  as  is  <Ione  at  present.  Nor  could  ihevent  ei<'ht  an<l  ten  acr<'s 
of  wheat  in  a  dav;  indeed,  thev  did  not  have  anv  of  tlie  lahor-savinir 
implements  so  eomitxtn  now.  Joshua  Woosley  relates  that  in  the 
sprin;^  of  lS;il  he  and  Mr.  Hradshaw  hroke  some  jirairie  ttt;;ether. 
'1  Ih'V  tied  up  a  yoke  of  oxen  to  n  Ui>r  har-share  j)low  with  hiekorv 
hark,  m»t  havin;^  (chains  sntlieient  or  any  «ither  hetter  article.  The 
plow  needing  sliHr|>enin«;,  he  was  compelled  t«»  ^o  to  Atlas,  a  <lis- 
tance  of  20  miles,  to  have  it  done.  'I'he  char;je  for  this  work  was 
not  larjje,  however,  as  he  tells  ns  his  total  hill  for  the  w<»rk.  dinner, 
drinkf,  »'tc.,  was  otdy  '*  nine-pence"  (lii.J  ci-nt-'. 

•Mr.  Woosley  usihI  the  first  jfrain  cradle  in  the  township, charfjinj; 
a  hnshel  of  wheat  j»er  acre  for  cnttin;;.  Thi.x  new  method  of  cutting 
wheat  w.is  a  ijrcal  cnriosily  to  the  settlers,  many  of  wlndn  came 
from  far  and  near  to  see  it. 

The  pioneers  did  not  have  a  well-st(»ckcd  store  of  provihionsalways 
at  hand.  .No,  often  the  last  particle  of  corn  meal  was  '.ised  up 
before  another  supply  was  (d»tained.  Mills  were  then  far  away,  and 
so  crowded  that  oftm  cu^tomers  had  to  wait  for  days  helore  their 
turn  Would  come.  .Mr.  Woosley  telU  us  that  «»n  one  «»caision  sonx* 
men  came  tt>  stay  over  ni;^ht  with  him.  It  hap]>ene<l  that  they  had 
no  meal  prepare*!,  hut  the  hl«»ck  was  handy,  and  while  his  wife  was 
busyiiiif  herself  in  the  house,  he  went  out  and  |M>uiuled  up  som<' 
ct»rn  with  an  iron  wedj;e.  These  we  ^iv«;  a^  ilhihtrations  of  the 
many  |)rivations  and  inconveniences  under  which  these  i»i<»neer8 
were  ctMn|H;Iled  to  live.  They  were  sturdy,  hrave-heartotl  people 
thojiuh.  and  coinjiiered  all  of  these  ohstach^s  and  hroujjht  a  wild 
Country  under  the  very  highest  state  of  cultivation. 

The  first  chiM  born  in  the  township  was  Jane,  daughter  of 
Joshua  WtM)sley.  She  was  born  in  1>^34,  an<I  married  Milton 
Denui.  Mrs.  J.'ino  (Jray,  wife  of  Ans«>n  (iray,  was  the  first  person 
to  die.  The  first  marria;je  ceremony  was  jierformed  in  uniting  A. 
M.  iiobinson  ami  Miss  Mary  (iray  in  wedK»ck.  The  ceremony  was 
|>erformed  by  Ksq.  Woosley  at  the  house  of  Anson  Gray  in   1844. 

The  first  school  building  erected  in  the  township  was  on  sec.  \'.K 
in  1*^0H.     The  first  teacher  was  James  Frier. 

The  Wabash  railroad  passes  through  the  township  and  has  a 
station  on  sec.  22,  or  on  tne  line  of  sees.  21  and  22. 

The  town  of  Philadelphia  was  laid  out  by  the  elder  McWortcr 
in  1S36,    on    the  northeast  quarter  of  sec.   27.      At  one  time   it 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  741 

had  great  promise,  but  the  raih-oad  j)assing  it  a  mile  distant,  and 
other  towns  springing  np,  has  killed  it.  At  present  there  is  not 
even  a  postoftice  at  the  place. 

The  township  is  well  supplied  with  churches  and  schools,  which 
indicate  the  high  moral  and  intellectual  standard  of  the  people. 

PERSONAL  SKKTCHKS. 

In  connection  with  and  as  a  part  of  the  history  of  the  township, 
we  will  give  personal  sketches  of  the  leading  and  representative 
people  who  reside  here. 

Barton  W.  Alkire^  whose  portrait  we  |»resent  in  this  volume, 
was  born  in  Pickaway  county,  ().,  March  4,  1S23.  His  parents 
were  Geo.  and  Catharine  (Rush)  Alkire,  natives  of  Virginia,  and  of 
German  descent.  George  Alkire  was  left  an  orphan  at  10  years 
of  age,  and  he  then  found  his  way  to  Fleming  county,  Ky.,  where 
he  remained  until  he  was  17,  and  he  then  went  to  lloss  county,  O., 
and  thence  to  Pickaway  county;  here,  at  the  age  t)f  23,  he  married 
Miss  Catharine  Rush,  aged  16;  in  1841  they  emigrated  to  this  tp., 
settling  on  see.  31.  and  bringing  with  them  four  children, — Mary, 
Rebecca,  Barton  AV.  and  Abner,  now  deceased.  They  left  four 
children  in  Ohio, — Wesley  J.,  Lydia,  Gideon  and  Josiah, — who 
came  out  the  next  year.  During  liis  life-time  Mr.  Geo.  Alkire 
owned  and  lived  on  his  farm  in  Iladloy,  i)ut  left  the  chai-ge  of  it 
to  his  sotis.  He  had  been  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church  ever 
since  he  was  17  years  old,  and  for  a  long  period  before  Jiis  death  he 
was  a  minister  of  the  gospeL  He  died  July  21, 1868,  and  his  sur- 
viving widow  died  April  9,  1873.  Barton  AV,  Alkire,  the  subject 
of  this  sketch,  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  by  occupation,  liis  resi- 
dence and  farm  of  140  acres  being  on  sec.  31,  lladley  tp.  lie 
passed  his  early  years  on  his  father's  farm  in  Ohio,  and  in  this 
county,  obtaining;  his  education  mostly  in  the  schools  of  Ohio.  He 
has  lived  on  his  present  ])]ace  since  1841,  except  1849-50  he  was 
in  California,  gold-mining,  in  which  he  was  quite  successful.  Mr. 
A.  is  one  of  the  solid,  substantial  and  representative  farmers  of 
Pike  county;  in  politics  is  a  Republican,  and  has  served  his  town- 
ship as  Collector  several  terms.  He  is  still  a  bachelor,  his  two 
sisters,  Mar}'  and  Rebecca,  keeping  house  for  him.  They  are  very 
pleasantly  situated. 

James  W.  Bowei\  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  0.,  Cool  Bank;  is  a  native 
of  Ohio  and  was  born  Jan.  25,  1830;  was  the  eldest  child  of  Joseph 
J^ower,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1S38  and  died  in  the  S])ring  of 
1844.  He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  this  county, 
and  in  the  s]>ring  of  1857  married  Rebecca  Ann  Coshon,  a  native 
of  Indiana,  born  «Tune  6,  1839.  Three  of  their  five  childien  are 
living:  Rebecca  E.,  born  Dec.  18,  I860,  Sarah  Olive,  born  Aug. 
30,    1855,    and    George    Washington,    born    July   10,    1869.     Mr. 


742 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 


Bower  inovetl  to  Bourbon  county,  Kun.,  in  the  fall  of  1858  atid  re- 
tnrntMl  in  1803.  He  is  Director  of  the  district  in  which  he  lives, 
HI)*!  is  a  Ropul>Ii(-:in. 

Orin  ('(ttiijthtll  is  a  farmer,  antl  re.sides  on  sec  21. 

./.  .9.  Carson  is  following  the  v«»aition  pf  a^^riculture  on  sec.  2l). 

/'.  //.  CUvel'iiul  is  also  a  fanner,  ami  lives  on  pec.  9,  this  towjj- 
(•hii). 

Marion  ('liinj.  n.^milh,  farmer,  sec.  \\i\  I'.  O.,  Bairry;  was  horn 
Deo.  20,  I^4^.  on  the  lanu  where  he  now  lives.  His  eolie^iiite 
course  was  taken  at  L>inhard  I'niversity,  Knox  county.  III.  June 
5,  lN73,  he  rnarrieii  Lueinda  K.  (trayhael,  a  native  of  Monroe  Co., 
Ind.;  they  Iiave  had  \\  ehildrrn.  2  «»!  uhoin  are  livinfj;  Marcia  B., 
born  May  ."*.(».  1^7.'..  aixl  Anna  M.,  l>orii  May  27,  1^7s.  Mr.  ('.  luis 
iK'en  a  Schoid  Director  at  dilfereiit  times.  Is  a  IC^-publie^n,  and  in 
reliffiona  Tniversalist. 

Geortjt  ('onr<id,  farmer,  sec.  14;  1'.  IJ.,  I'aylis;  was  Ixirn  in 
1820  in  Waiyne  C4»unty,  Mo.,  and  is  a  h«»n  of  Peter  and  Sarah  (\»n- 
rad,  natives  of  North  C.irolina,  who  emigrated  to  Missouri  the 
tjprin^  l)ef«)ro  (ieor;^''s  birth,  and  are  ni»w  both  deceased.  Besiiles 
attemlin^  tin*  |iiihlic  sehooU  nf  .Missouri  the  subject  of  this  tioticf* 
also  attended  tor  7  years  the  Mission  In^titute  at  (Juincy,  III.  He 
ranie  to  this  countv  in  Ih.'il,  and  in  lH.i7  he  went  to  Blue  Karth 
county,  Minn.,  aixl  in  18GU  returned  to. this  county,  settling  on  sec. 
14,  this  t|>.  In  1H.'>1  he  married  Miss  M.  I..  Shinman,  who 
was  born  in  1>21  in  IIartft»rd  eojinty,  (.'onn.  They  havr  had  .*> 
children,  4  of  wlmm  are  livinjf,  to  wit  :  David  ('.,  C.  .)..  .Ie^st,•  B. 
and  A.  (t.  At  tlie  time  i»f  the  outbreak  of  tl>e  Sioux  in  Minnesota 
Mr.  C.  and  many  of  liis  nci^hlxirs  left  their  homes  until  danger 
wiu»  over,  a»ul  in  thrir  absence  lar;;c  ouatitilies  of  ;;rain  and  other 
|»erishal»h'  |»rojKrty  was  destn>ye<l.  Mr.  Conratl  has  held  the  otiice 
of  Ki>ad  (\tmmissioner  an«l  .lustice  of  the  Petice,  has  taui'ht  school 
some,  but  his  occupation  hits  principally  been  farmin;;.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  C  are  ineml>ers  t>f  the  Oonijreifational   (>hureh. 

Orange  ('mm,  farmer,  sec,  1(5,  of  Hadley;  P  (>.,  Barry:  was  Iwjrn 
in  Ackworth,  Sullivan  county,  N.  II.,  Feb.  16,  l>'»;i,  and  is  the  sec- 
ond son  of . I  esse  an«l  Lydia  Oam.  In  lh23  he  moved  to  Concord, 
Lake  county,  ().,  where  he  was  married  in  182.'>  to  Susiin  (^arroll, 
a  native  of  that  countv;  thev  have  «»  living  children.  In  ISfWJ.  Mr. 
C  settleil  in  this  tp. ;  has  hern  a  Kepjil»licjin,  but  is  n«»w  identitied 
with  the  (rreenback  party.  He  owns  4<»  acres  of  valuable  land  in  a 
good  state  of  cultivation. 

G'orgf  Cunnlngh/irn,  farmer,  hcc.  '^;  P.  (>.,  Barry;  uas  born  in 
Fayette  ciMiiity.  Peiin.,  Auj^.  !♦,  1^09.  In  1>20  he  l)e<;an  learning 
the  tanner's  trade,  and  in  1830  move<l  to  Harrison  count}',  O., 
where  he  started  a  tannery  of  his  ow*n  and  continued  the  business 
for  12  years.  His  i^randfather.  Bariiett  ('uniiinijhaui.  came  from 
Scotland  at  a  very  early  day.  His  father,  .losepii  H.  Cun!:in;;ham, 
was  born  in  the  hous«*  where  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  reared. 
In  1S31   he    marrie«l    Mary   Ann    Humphrey,  who    died    .March  3, 


HISTORY  OF  pikp:  county.  743 

1851,  leaving  7  children.  In  April  30,  1878,  he  married  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Iloyle,  a  native  of  Warren  county,  O.,  born  Feb.  16,  1836. 
Mr.  C.  luis  been  School  Director  9  years.  In  1866  he  came  to  this 
county  and  purchased  the  farm  where  he  now  resides.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  I.  O.  of  O.  F.,  and  is  the  oldest  member  in  the 
county.     Politically,  he  is  a  staunch  Democrat. 

Jasper  Davis,  i'?ivn\(i\\  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  on  his 
present  farm,  July  19,  1843.  His  parents,  Wm.  and  Mary  E. 
Davis  were  amonii^  the  earliest  settlers  of  Pike  county.  Mr.  W. 
Davis  was  born  in  Union  county,  111.,  Oct.  25,  1813,  and  Mrs.  D. 
was  born  in  Erie  county,  0.,  Oct.  1,  1820;  lier  maiden  name  was 
Bushnell.  Her  family  emi<i;rated  to  Fulton  coimty,  Til.,  and  the 
town  in  McDonoui^li  county  that  bears  the  family  name  was  named 
after  her  uncle.  Dec.  25,  1S76,  Mr.  J,  Davis  married  Mari^aret 
Broady,  a  native  of  Adams  county.  111.,  born  April  15,  1846;  they 
liave  one  child,  Wm.  Calvin,  born  Nov.  25,  1877.  Mr.  D.  is  (Com- 
missioner of  Public  Highways,  and  politically  a  Republican. 

Johjt,  H.  Davis,  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Fay- 
eett  county,  Penn..  June  1,  1835;  he  assisted  his  father  during 
summer  and  attended  district  school  durino:  winter,  until  he  was 
16  years  old;  he  then  came,  with  his  father's  family,  to  this  town. 
John  II.  is  the  9th  of  11  children.  In  1859  he  married  Miss  Em- 
ma Ward,  wlio  died  4  years  after,  leaving  2  sons.  In  Doc,  1865, 
he  married  Elizabeth  E.,  daughter  of  E.  D.  liose,  of  Pittsfield, 
horn  Feb.  4,  1839.  They  have  2  cliildren.  Mr.  Davis  owns  143 
acres  of  valuable  land,  and  it  is  well  improved.  He  is  a  Republican, 
and  a  Methodist. 

Anthony  Dell,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  ().,  Cool  Bank;  was  born 
in  Madison  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  23,  1841;  came  with  his  father  to  Pitts- 
field  when  but  8  years  of  age;  in  1867  married  Miss  Jane  Crone, 
and  they  have  3  children.  In  1861  he  enlisted  in  the  2d  111.  Cav- 
alry, and  served  to  the  close  of  the  war.     He  is  a  Republican. 

Benjamin  Dulan,  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Bay  lis;  was  born  in 
Ralls  count}'.  _Mo.,  in  ]\Iarch,  1828;  was  married  in  1848,  and  has 
7  children;  in  1863  moved  to  Adams  Co.,  and  to  Pike  Co.  the  fol- 
lowing March.  He  is  a  Republican,  and  member  of  the  Bajitist 
Church. 

Sqaire  Dutcher  was  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  6, 
1806.  His  father,  Gideon  Dutcher,  was  a  farmer,  and  Squire  as- 
sisted him  in  the  summer  and  went  to  district  school  in  the  winter. 
At  tlie  age  of  11  his  father  moved  to  Chatham  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  lie 
died,  leaving  a  widow  and  10  children,  of  whom  our  subject  is  the 
7th.  In  1823  or  1824  he  moved  with  his  mother's  family  toRensel- 
laer  county,  where  he  learned  the  trade  of  carpenter  and  joiner.  In 
1827  he  married  Charlotte  Winchell,  who  died  in  1837.  They  had 
2  children.  In  the  fall  of  the  same  year  he  married  Eliza  A. 
'i'ownsend,  and  they  liad  3  living  children.  Mrs.  Dutcher  died 
July  29,  1879.  JMr.  V).''i>  oldest  son,  Charles  II.,  is  professor  at  the 
South  Normal  School  at  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.     His  second  son,  Al- 


741  HISTORY  OF   iiKi:  county. 

her t,  is  in  the  jewelry  business  ;it  Ivirksville,  M<».  One,  Kili^'nr, 
went  to  Calilorniii  in  1S49,  and  1ms  not  been  heard  t'ronj  in  a  nnn>- 
her  «»t"  years.  Mr.  Duteher  cjiine  to  thisCo.  in  lS3l),owns  u  heiinti- 
tul  t'arin  of  <>6  acn's  adjoinin<^  the  city  of  Harry;  is  a  liepuhliean, 
and  Adventist  ;   has  la-en  Township  (/t)llector  of  llaiiley. 

'Stephen  M.  Diif'/i>r,  farmer,  sec.  28 ;  P.  ().,  Barry;  was  born 
in  Dutchess  county,  N.  V.,  April  5,  1810.  When  he  was  quite 
youn<;  his  parents  movc<l  to  Columbia  coutity,  N.  V.,  where  lie 
received  his  education  duriiii^  the  winter  months  in  a  district 
Bctxxd.  During;  summer  he  assisted  his  nntthcr  in  the  cultivation 
of  the  farm  until  ho  was  16  rears  of  ajje.  lie  then  learned  the 
carpenter  atul  joiner  trmle.  In  1n34  he  removed  to  (Mienanijo 
ct»unty,  X.  v.,  where  he  whs  nnirrieil  in  I'^l'i.'i  to  Miss  Marv  Hunt, 
a  native  of  that  countv,  Ixirn  Mav  «»,  l^ —  He  workt'd  at  his  trade 
until  1S45,  and  then  came  to  this  county  and  purchase«l  his  prc8- 
ent  farm,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dutcher  have 
5  living  children. — 3  sons  mid  'J  dau^jiiters.  His  son  Henry 
eidisted  in  InOI  in  the  l»yth  Kej(.  1.  V.,  and  served  to  the  close  of 
the  wjir.  II'  i-  :i  ( ireonbacker.  and  Mjeml>er  (»f  the  Christian 
Ciiurch. 

Vhnrles  J .  Ford  was  born  «)n  sec.  IG,  lladlev  tp.,  Se|>t.  7,  1S4;5; 
e<lucnted  in  the  district  school ;  Dec.  23,  \s\\\\,  he  married  Miss 
Kexiah  ('Unnin^ham,  daughter  of  (ioor^p  (/unnini^ham,  of  this  tp., 
and  they  have  3  chiMren.  He  owns  80  acres  «d'  land  in  a  ^ood 
stati' of  cultivation;  he  is  Scluwd  Director  of  this  district. 

Jemj  Gelvin^  farmer,  sw.  21;  P.  ().,  Cool  Hnnk;  was  b«jrn  in 
Washington  Co.,  Va.,  June  27,  181s;  ctlucattnl  in  the  same  county, 
in  the  district  schools;  in  1838  he  moved  t^i  Waynu  Co.,  Ivy.,  and 
in  1S41  was  married  in  Pulaski  ('»>.,  Ky..  t«»  Miss  Ilarri«'t  (JuhIIs. 
dauirlitcr  «d'.lud;je  Tunstall  (Quails,  who  was  a  member  of  the  25th 
Conirress,  and  .Iud:;«'of  his  Circuit  up  to  the  time  of  his  death. 
Si.\  of  their  9  children  are  now  livinj;.  In  1S52  he  move<l  tn  I*ik»' 
coiMity.  where  he  has  since  lived,  and  is  at  present  a^jent  of  the 
Wiib:i*h,  St.  I.^)uis  cV:  Pacitic  ILiilroud  at  Il!i<lley  Station;  is  Pont- 
ma>ter  of  Co<d  Hank  |Kj6toftice,  and  lar'^ely  entjaj^jed  in  buvinjf 
j;rain.  He  owns  h'.O  acres  of  very  valuable  land.  Politically  he 
is  a  DenK>crat. 

WiUinm  A.  Gordon,  «Iecease<l,  was  born  in  Ohio.  Feb.  15,  1^17. 
In  early  life  he  assisted  his  parents  on  the  farm  ;  in  183^  he  came 
to  PIkc  county,  where  he  was  married  in  1844  to  Sophia  K.,<lau;^h- 
ter  of  James  and  ElizalK'th  Hurbrid^*,  a  native  of  Pickaway  Co.. 
O.;  was  JMirn  Jan.  1.  1*^27.  They  have  one  son,  Janns  D.,  born 
Oct.  21,  l5>.>3,  and  now  married  to  Mary  K.  Wike.  and  who  have  one 
chihl,  Gertrude.  Mr.  Gordon  died  Sept.  20.  1874,  a  man  of  ster- 
lin«r  worth. 

Wdliam  (r/'»immer,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.O..  Harry;  born  in  Boston. 
Ma.ss..JHn.  8,  l5>22;  educ;ited  in  Maiden.  Ma*s.;  in  184<'  he  moved 
to  this  township,  settlinj;  on  sec.  2.  where  he  has  lived  up  to  4  years 
ago.     In  1S46  he  married  I^liza  Philpot,  a  native  of  Englancf.  but 


niSTOKY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  745 

a  resident  of  Perrv,  III.  She  died  in  1866,  leavinir  one  child,  ^faria 
B.,  now  Mrs.  I)lako.  In  Jannary,  1874,  he  married  Mrs.  McTnekcr, 
widow  of  John  McT.  In  1851  he  was  elected  Supervisor  of  lladley 
and  held  the  office  24  years.  In  1867  he  married  his  second  wife, 
Miss  Lucy  II.  Smith,  who  died  in  1872.     He  is  a  Republican. 

Benj.F.  Oray^  l^lacksniith  and  waj^on  and  hujriify  maTijifacturer, 
Philadelphia;  P.  O.,  Cool  13ank;  was  born  in  ISiO  in  this  county, 
and  is  a  son  of  Anson  and  Jane  Gray,  who  came  from  Ohio  to  this 
place  in  early  day.  After  receivincr  a  fair  public  school  education 
and  o^rowinoj  to  manhood,  Benj.  F.  in  1868  married  Mary  Ann  Hall, 
and  by  her  had  one  child,  Sophia  A.  Mi's.  Gray  died  in  1869,  and 
Mr.  Gray  in  1870  married  Elizabeth  Ann  Mellon,  who  was  born  in 
1848  in  Washington  county.  Pa.,  and  tliey  have  had  3  children, 
Lena  Mav,  Gertrude  and  N^ina  A.  Mr.  Grav  has  followed  farmino:, 
but  by  trade  is  a  blacksmith  and  manufacturer  of  wagons  and 
buggies,  which  business  he  has  followed  for  a  number  of  years. 
He  was  3  years  in  the  war,  in  Co.  K,  99th  111.  Inf.  Politically  he 
is  a  Republican. 

Hoioard  A.  QrayhdeL  farmer,  sec.  31;  P.  ().,  Barry;  was  l)orn 
in  Monroe  Co.,  Ind.,  June  22,  1842;  received  a  common-school  edu- 
cation; in  1864  removed  to  this  tp. ;  in  1870,  in  St.  Charles  Co., 
Mo.,  married  Miss  Mary  A.  Miller,  a  native  of  that  county;  they 
liave  2  children,  Adella,  born  Aug.  27,  1872,  and  Lloyd,  Aug.  25. 
1879.  He  owns  80  acres  of  very  valuable  land,  as  fertile  as  this 
oounty  affords.     In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

James  M.  Green,  farmer,  sec.  31;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in 
Barry  tp.,  June  13,  1845,  the  3d  son  of  9  children  of  P.  D.  S.  Green, 
of  Barry  tp.,  and  a  native  of  Rensellaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  who  came  to 
this  county  in  early  day.  James  M.  took  two  courses  in  Lombard 
University  at  Galesburg,  111.  In  1866  he  married  Addie  M.  Hol- 
lenbeck,  who  died  Sept.  14,  1870,  leaving  one  child,  Nora.  In 
1874  he  married  Hannah  Tilden,  a  native  of  Franklin  Co.,  N.  Y., 
born  Sept.  23,  1848.  He  owns  120  acres  of  good  land,  and  is  a 
Re])ublican. 

D.  P.  Guss,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  1841  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Eliza  Guss,  natives 
also  of  the  Keystone  State,  who  emigrated  to  this  county  when 
their  son  was  7  years  old,  and  are  still  living  in  this  county.  D.  P. 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools  here.  In  1860  he  married 
Miss  Mary  J.  Lawton,  who  was  born  in  1845  in  this  county,  and 
they  have  2  children,  Charlie  E.  and  OUie  M.  From  ])overty  Mr. 
Guss  has  risen  to  become  the  owner  of  a  nice  home  of  160  acres 
of  land  worth  $35  an  acre.  He  is  a  Freemason,  and  in  politics  is  a 
Democrat. 

//.  L.  JIadsdl,  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Barry.  This  gentleman 
was  born  in  1842,  in  this  county,  and  is  a  son  of  N.  V.  and  Eliza- 
beth J.  Iladsell,  both  natives  of  New  York,  who  came  to  thib 
county  in  1834,  thus  being  early  pioneers  here.  H.  L.  obtained  a 
public-school  education,  and  when  19  years  of  age  he  enlisted  in 


74»5  HISTORY    »iF    IMKK    COl'NTV. 

Co.  I,  28tli  111.  Inf.,  as  privato,  An^.  'I,  IHIl,  ami  was  promoted  2<1 
Liciiti'iiaiit  in  Octohcr,  1^02;  in  ISfili  he  was  airain  juvtiUKted  1st 
Lieutenant,  ami  in  l'^«i4  lie  was  promoted  (>aptain  of  Co.  F,  *2Sl\\ 
111.  Inf,  under  Cren.  (irant.  His  first  eni^aijement  was  at  IJelmont, 
Mo.;  lie  tlien  went  to  Padiicah.  tlioii  to  Fort  Henry.  Pittsburg  Land- 
ing, ('orintli,  Holly  Sprinifs,  Vickshunj  diirint;  the  sie«^e,  Jaciv- 
son  (where  he  en^a<;««d  in  a  hard-tou;:ht  hattle),  Natehe/,  to  do 
provost  duty  on  Hcet»u?it  of  meritt»rious  conduct,  where  he  remained 
one  year;  then  to  New  ()rloan>i,  then  Mohile.  While  on  the  waiv 
to  Mid)ile  the  tro(»ps  were  shipwrecked,  hut  no  one  wa«  lost;  took 
a  well  fortified  fort  at  Mohile  Point;  then  was  en:;aj;ed  in  the 
siege  of  Spanish  Fort,  Ala.,  which  place  surrendered  after  a  month's 
sie^;  then  he  vtjm  in  the  siege  of  Fort  IJlakely,  which  also  surren- 
dered in  18<;4,  these  itlaces  being  the  key  to  Mobile,  already  taken. 
<ien.  Canity  took  .Mobile,  under  whose  ci>mtnaml  Capt.  lladscll  was 
at  the  time;  then  the  Captain  with  his  force  was  i)rdered  to  iSrowns 
ville,  Texag,  where  ho  remaitjc»l  until  his  discharge,  April  6,  ISOfi. 
lie  then  returned  liome  and  engaged  in  farming,  which  he  has  fol- 
lowed I'ver  since  with  succe-.s.  now  owning  *Jou  acres  of  laixl  worth 
Jj^tJc  per  acre.  In  ls<»(l  he  marrie«i  Miss  Adda  Paker,  who  was  born 
in  184ii  in  Hamilton  countv,  ().,  and  they  have  had  2  children,  to 
wit:  Laura  M.  and  I^*«>n  \  .  The  Captain  and  luB  wife  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Free-will  Baptist  (Miurcdi. 

,/<thn  1).  Jf '  '^f-'H,  farmer,  sec.  34:  P.  < '..  Parry;  was  born  in 
Ayrshire.    S-  !.     S«'pt.   'JU,    I>.'{C.      In    ls4:)  his   tatlier  died, 

and  in  1850  ids  niotiicr,  with  a  familv  of  4  children,  emi<:rated  to 
this  cojjiitry  an«l  settled  in  St.  I^tiuis,  Mo.  In  the  fall  of  1854 
.John  I),  moved  to  (^uincy.  III.,  and  in  1S»51.  to  Pike  Co.. and  set- 
tU'd  on  his  present  farm,  which  he  had  purchased  some  time  |»re- 
viouftly.  In  1870  he  married  Annie  Shaw,  a  native  of  this  cotmty, 
:md  they  have  3  children, — Thomas,  Ida  and  Alcxan<ier.  He  is  a 
member  <d*  the  M.  F.  Church  and  a  Repiiblican. 

Alli'-rt  E  //</y«.  farmer,  sec.  ItJ;  P.  ().,  C<Md  Pank  ;  was  born 
in  Franklin  county,  O.,  Oct.  27,  1K32.  In  1^40  he  came  with  his 
parents  to  this  county,  and  in  1804  was  married  to  Margaret  Pierce, 
who  die«l  in  the  fall  of  lSfi7,  leaving  <»ne  child,  Wm.  In  ISTO  he 
marrieil  Mabel  Norris,  and  their  children  are  :  Lillian,  .May, 
Oscar  X.,  Kate  ami  Bertie  E.  Mr.  H.  owns  no  acres  <»f  land,  and 
is  a  (treeid>acker. 

Pula*ki  Hays,  farmer,  sec.  9;  P.  U.,  Parry:  was  Ixtrn  in  I'rank- 
iin  county.  ().,  April  13,  1S4.5.  While  yet  in  his  inlancy  his 
parents,  Richani  ami  Catharine  Hays  came  to  this  county  and  set- 
tled in  Hadley  tp.  In  1*^♦J8  he  married  Nannie  Quarles,  and  their 
2  children  arc  Harry  and  Clarence?,  lie  owns  120  acres  of  land, 
and  is  a  Kej)ublican. 

Theodore  lLnji<^  farmer,  sec.  !♦»;  P.  O.,  Parry;  was  born  in 
Franklin  county,  O.,  in  1836;  came  West  in  1846,  and  with  his 
parents  settled  in  this  county,  where  his  early  educati<jn  was  ob- 
tained.     In  1S»>2  he  married  Miss  Marv  Johnson  and  thev  iiave  6 


FHSTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  747 

cliildrt'ii .     He  is  a  Rojuihliean  and  owns  1*20  acres  of  first-rate  land. 

J.  B.  Hill  is  a  fanner,  residing  on  sec.  28. 

Ilarlow  Iluntleyy  farmer,  sec.  10;  V.  O.,  Cool  Lank;  was  born 
in  Oueid.i  county,  N.  Y.,  July  19,  1806;  is  the  eldest  of  6  children 
of  Amos  and  Addie  Huntley,  early  settlers  of  that  county.  His 
grandfather,  Amos  Huntley,  sen.,  was  a  revolutionary  soldier.  ]\Ir. 
H.  emigrated  with  his  ])arents  to  Alleghany  county,  N  .  Y.,  when 
he  was  3  years  old.  Here  he  was  raised  and  educated.  He  assist- 
ed on  the  farm,  and  at  the  age  of  20,  married  Elmira  Partridge,  a 
native  of  Hampshire  county,  Mass.,  who  died  Sept.  19,  1877,  leav- 
ing: 10  children.  He  has  been  a  resident  of  this  countv  since  184;^; 
in  1850  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  held  the  office  till 
1877,  and  is  at  the  present  time  Treasurer  of  this  tp.  During  his 
residence  here  he  has  accumulated  1,000  acres  of  land,  which  he 
has  divided  among  his  3  sons.  He  was  raised  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat, but  at  thebreakino:  out  of  tlie  Rebellion  he  aided  lary-elv  in  the 
organization  of  the  Republican  party,  in  whose  ranks  he  was  found 
till  1878,  since  which  time  he  has  been  a  zealous  Greenbacker. 

George  B.  KiinhalL  farmer,  sec.  4;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in 
Worcester,  Norfolk  county,  Mass.,  in  1831.  At  the  age  of  6  years 
liis  pai'ents,  David  and  Rebecca  Kimball,  moved  to  this  county, 
where  he  was  raised  and  educated.  In  1854  he  married  Mary 
Osborn,  a  Tiative  of  Ohio,  born  Aug.  10,  1836,  and  they  have  4 
sons  and  4  daughters.  He  is  a  Republican,  and  owns  170  acres  of 
land. 

Francis  McCartney^  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in 
Ross  county,  Ohio,  Sept.  22,  1811;  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  as- 
sisted his  father  until  1832,  when  he  married  Eliza  Johnson,  also  a 
native  of  Ross  county,  and  was  born  Aug.  30,  1811.  Of  their  10 
children  5  are  livinof.  In  the  fall  of  1850  Mr.  M.  moved  to  Pike 
Co.,  and  purchased  the  beautiful  farm  on  which  he  now  resides.  In 
1861  his  son  Charles  enlisted  in  the  99th  Reg.,  and  served  during 
the  entire  war.  His  son,  Milton,  enlisted  in  1865,  and  served  to 
the  close.     Mr.  M.  is  a  Democrat. 

John  R.  MeClaln,  farmer,  sec.  32;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in 
Knox  county,  Tenn.,  Nov.  12,  1844;  is  the  youngest  of  9  children. 
In  April,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  6th  Reg.  T.  V.  I.,  and  served 
in  several  of  the  engagements  in  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea.  He 
was  mustered  out  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1865,  after  which  he  re- 
turned home  for  a  short  time,  and  then  moved  to  near  Lexington, 
Kentucky.  In  the  fall  of  1870  he  came  to  this  county;  in  LS71  he 
married  Sarah  E.  Shaw,  daughter  of  Daniel  Shaw,  of  Derry  tp., 
born  ^farcli  13,  1S41.  They  have  3  children, — Annie  E.,  James 
D.  and  May.  Mr.  McClain  is  cultivating  a  valuable  farm  in  Iladley 
and  Derry  tps..  is  a  Republican  and  a  Baptist. 

Patrick  McM<iha)i  is  a  farmer,  ])ursuing  his  calling  on  sec.  9. 

Jacoh  Orehaugh,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Rock- 
ingham county,  Va.,  July  17,  1824;  at  the  age  of  live  years  he 
moved   with   his   pai-ents  to   Highland    county,  O.,  where  he   was 


74N  HIMt>RV    OF    riKK   OOINTV. 

raised  aiul  eilucate'd.  Iti  1>4»»  he  married  Kjiuiia  Prediiu»re.  a  na- 
tive ot  N.  J.,  and  tliey  have  4  livin*;  chiKlren.  In  1S5<}  he 
settled  in  this  tp.:  has  leen  School  Director:  is  a  J»a]>tist  and 
a  Repnhlican. 

Jaines  II.  Orehnuyh^  fanner,  sec.  S;  P.  O.,  liarry;  was  b<irn  in 
Clernmnt  ciMinty,  O.,  Jnne  9,  1S.'»J,  and  came  t«»  this  c<»nnty  with 
his  parents  when  ho  was  tivu  years  ul  a^e.  When  lo  years  old  lie 
visited  8  or  10  dilferent  States,  and  in  lS7fi  came  home,  and  was 
m.irrieil  .Ian.  ',  l?v78,  to  Sarah  ('.  Matthews,  dan^hter  of  .It)senh 
Matthews,  deeea->ed,  of  Adam<  c<n»nt  v.  111.  Th^'V  have  une  child, 
Nellie  Maud.      He  is  a  member  ot"  the  Crerman  P»aptist  church. 

David  II.  J'atttti,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P,  ().,  Pavlis;  was  horn  in 
Belmont  county,  O,,  in  1S4I,  Rn<l  is  the  son  of  David  and  Kliza 
Patten,  who  emi;;rafeil  to  this  conntv  al)out  38  years  ay;o,  and  have 
since  dieil.  Keeeivini;  u  eoniinon-schotd  eiincation  and  ^r«)winj;  up 
to  mardi(K»d,  David  11.  in  18G2  married  Miss  Alice  Slates,  who 
was  Ixirn  in  1847  in  this  county*  and  still  resides  on  the  old  home- 
stead. Their  4  children  are  Charlie.  Lulu,  Merton  and  Harry. 
•Mr.  P.  has  had  p>od  suce«ss  in  farmit);;,  now  owning  V,1iO  iieres  of 
first  rate  laml,  well  improved.  In  pidities  Mr.  P.  is  a  Democrat; 
is  a  member  of  the  I.  if.  < ).  F.,  and  Ijoth  liinihelf  and  wife  are  mem- 
lK*rs  of  tin-  .M.  K.  Church. 

WiUitiin  A.  l*tck,  farmer,  ijec.  Jl;  P.  O.,  liarry;  \v;i.-«  horn  in 
la>sh  ctiunty,  ()hio.  May  27,  1842;  cnnic  to  this  county  when  5 
veurs  ojij.  In  18U4  was  married  to  Jessie  Wilson. a  njitive  of  Scot- 
land. They  have  0  children.  He  is  at  present  School  Director, 
and  in  politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

DiQii  I't-termm,  fanner,  sec.  36;  P.  i).,  Haylis;  wah  l)orn  in  1804. 
in  Salem  c<»nntv.  Upper  IVnn's  Neck,  N.  J.,  an<I  is  the  S(»n  of 
Robert  and  ('atliarine  Peterbon;  his  father  was  a  iialive  of  Dela- 
ware ami  his  mother  of  New  .lersey,  lH>th  decea>e<].  Iii  1821  his 
jiarents  movinl  with  him  ti»  01ii«»  where  they  remained  until  183f>, 
when  they  emigrated  to  this  county  and  settled  on  sec.  3<»,  his 
preseikt  residence.  The  subject  of  this  notice  bein^  a  pioneer  in 
this  section,  has  had  to  work  very  hard,  amid  many  privaticjus; 
has  ha<l  to  split  mils  at  •_'.'»  cents  j»er  day;  by  littles  he  accumu- 
lated enouijh  ti»  enter  >0  acres  of  land,  and  he  now  owns  120  acres. 
Sept.  18,  1834,  he  marrieil  Miss  Catharine  Troy,  who  was  born 
in  Clermont  county,  O.,  and  they  have  had  11  children,  9  (if 
whom  are  livini;.  Dean  first  learnetl  the  shoemaker's  trade,  but  not 
likiui;  that  iiusiness,  he  eni;a<red  in  farming,  havini;  had  reasonable 
succesg.  He  is  still  a  stoiit  man  for  liis  years.  He  has  visited  the 
Pacific  coast.  He  has  been  SujKjrvi.-ior  and  School  Director,  and  in 
^>olitics  is  a  Democrat. 

Josiah  11'.  JiidiarJs,  deceasetl,  was  lK)rn  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov. 
21,  1811.  March  3,  1835,  he  married  Margaret  Piiillijts,  who  was 
lK>rn  July  l«s  Is  1*2.  and  died  Oct.  3,  1849,  leaving  3  dautjhters. 
March  21.  Is52.  Mr.  R.  married  Esther  Garraux.  wlio  was  born 
Oct.  23.   1^17.  and  who.  bv  her  first   rnarriaire.  had  one  daujrhter. 


^/A^iOz(^>-^ 


HADLEY    T^ 


HISTORY    OF    I'lKP:    COUNTY.  751 

Mr.  und  Mrs.  Richards  luul  3  chihlreii.  In  l'S?>7  Mr.  R.  came  to 
Macoiinin  Co.,  111.,  where  he  lived  4  or  5  years,  tlien  moved  to  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  Dec.  1,  1853,  he  ai^ain  moved  to  Illinois  and  settled 
in  this  county,  where  he  died  Jan.  4,  1866.     He  was  a  Repuhlican. 

James  Rof<sell^  farmer,  sec.  ^9;  P.  O.,  Barry.  Mr.  R.  was  horn  in 
1845  in  Pennsylvania;  his  ])arents  were  jQse{)hand  Aditha  Rossell, 
hoth  natives  ot  Pennsylvania;  when  he  was  6  years  of  age  his  })arents 
emigrated  with  him  to  this  county,  where  he  obtained  a  ])nblic- 
school  education  and  grew  to  manhood;  in  1870  he  married  Alice 
M.  Ilaycraft,  who  was  born  in  1850  in  this  county.  Mr.  R.  is  a 
farmer,  owning  181  acres  of  No,  1  land,  and  is  now  erecting  a 
dwelling  at  a  cost  of  $3,000.  He  is  also  a  stock- raiser,  and  some- 
times does  something  in  the  line  of  shipping  wheat. 

Ira  A.  Siceet,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  32;  P.  ().,  ]^>arry; 
was  born  in  Rensellaer  county,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  1,  1820,  and  is  the 
eldest  son  of  Ira  and  Sarah  (Hadsell)  Sweet,  also  natives  of  the 
Empire  State;  they  first  emigrated  to  Alleghany  county,  N.  Y.,  in 
1837,  and  tiien  in  May  of  the  following  year  to  this  county,  settling 
in  this  tp.,  where  in  1844  the  parents  died,  leaving  the  care  of  the 
property  with  Ira  A.,  the  subjept  of  this  sketch;  the  latter  had  but 
limited  opportunities  for  an  early  education;  in  this"  county,  Oct. 
30,  1856,  he  married  Miss  Martha  Hewitt,  who  was  born  in  Ross 
county,  ().,  Sept.  6,  1821;  when  first  married  he  had  about  $15.00 
worth  of  property;  he  no.v  owns  l^l  acres  of  land,  worth  $50  per 
acre.  He  raises  and  deals  in  young  cattle  and  other  stock.  In 
politics  he  is  a  Republican,  and  in  religion  a  Baptist.  His  por- 
trait appears  in  this  volume. 

Rohert  II.  Taylor,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  ().,  New  Salem.  Mr.  T. 
was  born  in  1842  in  this  connty;  his  parents  are  Matthew  M.  and 
Eliza  Taylor,  natives  of  Pennsylvania;  was  educated  in  this  county, 
and  in  1806  he  married  Sarah  A.  Sliarei-,  who  was  born  in  1847  in 
this  county.  Their  3  children  are  Jacob  E.,  Jesse  A.  and  Matthew 
R.  Ml'.  Taylor  is  a  farmer  of  considerable  note,  owning  168  acres 
of  good  land,  where  he  raises  some  stock.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  T.  are 
members  of  the  M.  E.  Church.     In  ]iolitics  iVIr.  T.  is  a  Democrat. 

Thomas  II.  Thomas,  farmer,  sec.  33;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in 
St.  Louis  county.  Mo.,  Sept.  15,  1851;  is  the  son  of  Thomas 
Thomas,  deceased,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1857.  He  was 
raised  in  slavery  by  Mr.  Pernod,  who  gave  him  his  freedom. 
Shortly  before  he  came  to  Illinois  he  purchased  the  freedom  of  his 
wife,  who  was  also  born  in  slavery  in  the  same  neighborhood.  Her 
name  was  Sophia  Patiese.  They  were  married  in  1850,  and  they  have 
5  living  children,  the  subject  of  this  sketch  being  the  oldest.  He 
was  married  Dec.  30,  1875,  to  Dasara  Ann  Lawson,  a  native  of 
Natchez,  Miss.,  born  Oct.  24,  1850,  and  they  have  2  children.  He 
is  a  Republican,  a  Methodist,  and  owns  320  acres  of  valuable  land. 

Ansel  Vond,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Cool  Bank;  was  l)orn  in 
Monroe  county,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  12,  1828;  was  raised  and  educated  in 
liis  native  county.     In  Nov.,  1857,  he  settled  in  this  county,  and 

43 


75J  ni«T«iKY    iiK    riKK    COl'NTY. 

ill  1S58  In.'  Was  iiiiirrifd  to  Liicv  Aim  .Mi--\V(irtfr.  «luu^lilcr  of*  Fnink 
Mi-W^orttT,  tlio  lirst  sottliT  in  this  tiwiisliip  Tiiov  liavo  3  living 
cliiltlreii, — Lncy,  George  E.  hikI  Francis  Nero.  lie  owns  82  acres 
ot  land  ill  a  ^i»o(l  state  of  cultivation;  is  a  /neinlier  of  the  Hiiptist 
('hiirch.  and  a  Uepniiliean. 

John  \Valkei\  fanner,  sec.  22;  1'.  <  ►.,  (".k»1  Hank;  \va^  l»orn  a 
slave  in  Spottsylvania  county,  \'a.,  in  IS(»2;  was  owned  hy  several 
masters  up  to  1S84.  when  he  purchased  his  own  freed«»in  fn)m  David 
\'an  .\m'for  if^.'UM),  aftir  which.he  reiiti-d  ifnuind  and  went  to  w<irk 
fur  himself  Aecordiii;^  to  the  laws  ot'  the  State  at  that  time,  a  free 
ne<^ro  was  not  allowed  to  remain  in  the  State  hut  one  year;  hut 
throu;;h  the  iiiHueiice  of  a  friend  in  the  ]..o<;islature,  he  (d>tHined  a 
pcnnii  to  remain  3  years,  hut  he  «l<»es  not  rein»'mln'r  whether  he 
staid  the  lull  allotted  time  «»r  n«>t.  liy  workin;;  hard  and  savin;;  inonev 
he  purchasi'd  a  cheap  team,  which  he  sold  in  lSI»'<and  came  to  Kan- 
dolpii  county.  Mo.,  with  Wm.  K  Dusen,  the  man  who  owned  hi^ 
w iff  and  children.  After  comin;;  to  .Missouri,  he  had  money  enou^jfli 
to  purchase  Sii  acres  of  land  aixi  went  to  raisinpr  tohacco,  corn  and 
ho;;s.  In  l«*,5n  he  purchased  the  freedom  of  2  of  hih  children, 
I'l'ti-r  and  I.^«ttie,  an<l  in  1H54  lie  purchased  his  wife  Lucy  and  son 
Ore^itii.  IIi^  wife  was  then  50  years  of  age  and  liatl  heen  a  slave 
all  her  lifr.  ili-  son  was  then  alMiiit  IS  yrjirs  of  aije.  lie  paid 
$1,|00  for  hoth.  lie  afterward  piircliaM-*!  his  dau^fhtor  Louise  and 
her  2  children,  (diaries  and  William,  '(ot  whom  he  pai<l  ^I'dM).  In 
IstSl  he  owne^l  4(iO  acres  of  land  and  a  c«Misiderahle  amount  of  per- 
gonal property  which  he  s<dd,  and  came  t**  this  c^uinty  and  settled 
on  hcc.  22  in  this  tp.,  whrre  In-  has  >»ince  resi<Ied.  tlohn  has  heen 
the  father  of  \\\  cliildren,  only  3  of  whom  are  livin;;,  -Oregon. 
Archy  and  IVler.  The  balance  »f  his  children  were  all  emanci- 
>ated  hy  Lincoln'>  proclamation.  Ilis  des<>endants  are  numerous; 
e  is  one  of  the  Wfalthy  men  of  l*jkc  county,  and  has  accnmiilated 
all  his  property  l»y  his  own  honest  induhtry.  Altiiou;;h  wiiolly 
une<1ucated  in  the  lK)oks.  he  liaH  a  nire  natural  ability;  is  very  lib- 
eral in  hi^  views,  even  recognizing  the  right  of  slavery;  says  he 
his  nevt»r  n*ceived  any  crmd  treatment  from  any  of  his  miu'ters. 
lie  is  highly  resprcteil  in  his  iieighltorho^MJ. 

Stfph'H  Ik.  Watson^  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Harry;  was  born  in 
Newport.  Herkimer  county,  N.  V.,  April  2'i.  I81I;  in  ls30  he  set- 
t'lfd  in  Atlas,  this  county,  where,  in  1^34,  he  married  Miss  Ann 
Hrown.  a  native  of  Ma^sai-husetls.  who  ditni  in  Jiiin',  1n7'.».  leaving 
one  son  and  three  daughters;  three  of  her  children  have  «lied. 
Having  learnetl  the  tailor's  trade  in  the  Eivst.  Mr.  Watson  contin- 
U"d  in  th»'  business  of  merchant  tailor  in  Atla*:.  In  1n35  he  pur- 
chased the  beautitiil  farm  on  which  he  now  resides,  the  cultivation 
of  which  he  has  brougiit  to  a  high  degree.  Since  his  location  here 
he  has  devoted  his  attention  e.vclusivelv  to  fannin''.  He  is  a  Uni- 
versalist,  a  Ke{)ublican,  and  a  highly  respocte<l  meml>er  «tf  society. 

Joahtm  Wooslev,  farmer,  sec.  19;  V.  ().,  Harry;  was  born  in 
Wilson    eountv.  Tenn.,  Julv  9,  1^05;  when  he  was  9  years  ol<l    his 


L' 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  753 

parents  moved  witli  him  to  Christian  county,  Ky.;  Oct.  30,  1827, 
he  married  Margaret  Jolinson,  dangliter  of  William  Johnson,  of 
that  county;  she  died  Sept.  8,  1868,  leaving  4  children;  six  of  her 
children  had  died,  and  since  her  death  her  youngest  daughter  has 
died.  In  1828  Mr.  W.  settled  on  Sugar  Creek,  in  Sangamon  county, 
111.,  and  after  about  18  montlis  he  settled  on  the  place  where  he 
now  resides.  Nov.  4,  1869,  he  married  Mrs.  Augusta  Ann  Sidner, 
widow  of  John  Sidner,  of  this  tp.,  who  was  born  in  Madison  county, 
Ohio,  Oct.  2,  1815,  and  has  one  daughter  i)y  her  ])revious  marriage. 
Mr.  Woosley  has  been  County  Commissioner  3  j'cars.  Associate 
Countv  Judge  4  years,  Sheritl'  2  years,  Tp.  Assessor  and  Collector 
several  terms.  Justice  of  the  Peace  12  years.  Constable  8  years, 
etc.,  ecc. ;  is  now  Assessor  and  Collector.  He  has  held  more  offices 
than  any  other  man  in  the  county.  lie  is  the  oldest  citizen  of  this 
tp.,  and  is  perhaps  as  well  acquainted  with  the  political  history  of 
Pike  county  as  any  other  citizen. 


DKHIIV  TnWNSIIIFV 


TIiIh  towrifiiip  embraces  a  tine  faniiio;;  ditttrict.  It  in  especially 
Wfll  aiiiijttr<l  to  the  niisiiij^  of  htock,  iiimI  U*  fViiil-^iowinir.  Very 
tMrly  ill  the  history  o|'  theooutity  the  pioneer  wju!  tittructed  hither. 
To  the  uiemory  ol"  David  W.  llowanl  inline  the  honor  «»!' beiii^j  the 
lirBt  settler  of  Oorry  to\vti(>hip.  He  cjimio  here  as  early  as  ls26, 
aiul  nmde  improvements  on  sec.  2s,  where  he  l)iiilt  the  Hrst 
liotise  in  the  township.  8o<in  came  Charles  Nfartin,  the  siuhukI 
!>ftlU*r,  aiiti  l»*aiah  ("ooptT,  the'  thiril.  The  hitter  settled  on  8ec. 
20.  Then  followml  li*>lH;rl  Mc('lint«»ck,  William  and  J«>bepli  Horn- 
buck,  Charles  Ho.xkins,  James  and  Nineveh  iiarnes,  Mr.  Kinne,  S. 
K.  riiomai*,  Htnry  Fe.'«h'r  and  others,  wlu»  also  niiidt'  improvements 
and  ilid  much  in  ili-\ «  l..piiiir  flif  Ti;iti\i'  iif..  inrcf?,  <if  thi~  line  a;;ri- 
cultural  district. 

Soon  alter  iho  arrival  of  the  above  i)i«)noers,  celtiers  bf^^an  to 
pour  in  so  fast  that  it  wjis  even  then  (litKcidt  to  keep  puci-  with 
liu-ir  advi-nt,  and  after  the  lapse  of  4<i  years  it  is  impossible  to 
sjK-ak  of  them  in  the  ^'neral  order  of  their  coming.  They  formed 
one  of  the  pleiisaiitest  communities  to  be  found  in  the  StJitc.  The 
early  pilgrims  were  well-disposed  persons.  Of  thohc  uliove  men- 
tioiu'd  noiif  are  now  living  in  the  ttjwnship  except  Mr.  William 
Hornback.  The  descendants  of  many,  liowever,  are  numerous,  atid 
they  are  in  general  of  the  same  disiK>sition  as  that  of  their  fathers, 
indy  m«»re  modernized.  It  is  liardfy  t4Mj  much  to  say,  that  no  com- 
munity in  the  county  excels  this  in  this  respect.  The  present 
generation  is  lar^^ely  made  up  of  |)eople  who  were  Injrn  here, 
or  who  have  lived  here  from  their  childhood,  and  they  have 
nearly  all  fallen  into  the  goo^l  ways  of  the  pioneers.  They 
are  honest,  moral,  religious,  social,  economical,  are  not  in  debt, 
have  but  few,  if  any  paupers,  seldom  go  to  law,  are  generous 
to  each  other  in  misfortune,  have  no  aristocracy,  pay  their  bills, — 
in  fact,  form  a  well-regulate<l,and  we  might  say  model, tiommunity. 

Here  we  tind  more  marked  than  in  any  other  township  alujost, 
the  simplicity  and  good  lial)its  »)f  the  early  ^ettlers,  uncontaminated 
by  modern  degenenite  practices.  There  are  no  large  towns  near 
enough  to  attract  the  attention  of  the  younger  people,  arid  accord- 
ingly they  tind  amusement  and  sociability  at  home,  and  grow  up 
I  Mirer  and  better  than  would  be  the  case  were  a  city  in  their  midst. 
3esides  this,  we  wouM  mention  the  faict   that    the   population   iias 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  755 

changed  less  tliaii  most  others,  is  made  up  more  of  the  families  and 
descendants  of  the  first  settlers,  and  is  mingled  less  with  foi-eigners 
than  is  the  case  in  most  places.  Fortunately,  the  foreigners  living 
here  are  nearly  all  of  the  religious,  careful,  economical  class,  whose 
manners  and  customs  are  largely  in  harmony  with  those  of  the 
l>alance  of  the  community. 

The  family  connections  of  the  Hornbacks,  Hoskins,  Joneses, 
Pursleys,  Taylors,  Martins,  Feslers,  Thomases,  etc.,  etc.,  form  some 
remarkable  circles  of  relatives,  living  in  good  circumstances,  moral, 
many  religious,  bringing  down  to  the  present  generation  the  best 
qualities  of  the  early  pioneers. 

To  William  Ilornback,  the  only  one  of  the  earliest  pilgrims  now 
living  in  the  township,  we  are  indebted  for  the  greater  part  of  this 
sketch.  In  1829,  whenhe  came  to  this  township,  there  were  but 
80  voters  in  Pike  county,  and  only  four  families  in  Derry  township. 

During  those  early  daj'S  the  Indians  were  numerous  in  this 
neighborhood.  It  is  true  the  great  body  of  aborigines  had  been 
driven  westward  across  the  Mississippi,  but  hundreds  lingered 
around  the  new  settlement,  loth  to  leave  the  beautiful  hunting 
grounds  where  they  had  enjoyed  so  many  happy  experiences.  They 
finally  became  quite  troublesome,  and  annoyed  the  settlers  greatly 
by  their  constant  stealing.  The}'  became  a  great  nuisance,  and 
viewing  them  in  this  light  the  settlers  determined  to  rid  them- 
selves of  them.  Accordingly  an  army  was  raised  to  go  on  an  expe- 
dition against  these  pesky  natives.  It  is  true  it  was  a  small  army, 
numbering  only  15  men,  but  it  was  a  determined  one,  and  conse- 
quently was  victorious.  These  men  marched  out  and  notified  the 
red-skins  to  evacuate  theircamp  and  leave  the  neighborhood.  This 
some  of  them  refused  to  do.  Not  wishing  to  do  bodily  harm  to 
them  if  they  could  be  got  rid  of  without,  the  commander  of  the 
little  band  engraved  the  image  of  an  Indian's  head  on  a  tree,  and 
then  William  Ilornback  and  one  or  two  others  discharged  their 
guns  at  this  image.  This  was  the  signal  that  the  whites  would  fight, 
and  it  had  the  desired  eftect;  for  the  Indians  immediately  left  the 
neighborhood,  and  have  never  more  intruded  upon  the  lands  of  the 
settlers  of  this  township. 

Wild  animals,  such  as  the  deer,  wolf,  coon,  and  the  wild  turkey, 
were  numerous  here  in  the  early  settlement  of  the  townshij).  There 
were  also  some  panthers,  catamounts,  wild  cats  and  lynx  found  here. 

For  the  pioneers  this  was  literally  a  land  of  "milk  and  honey," 
especially'  the  latter.  Although  they  were  de])rived  of  many  of 
the  advantages  and  comforts  that  are  enjoyed  by  their  posterity, 
yet  they  had  abundance  of  what  is  a  rare  luxury  to  the  latter  at  the 
present  day.  Wild  honey  and  venison  were  their  common,  every- 
day fare.  The  venison  was  ])reserved  by  dr^-ing.  Wm.  Hornback 
found  a  tree  within  200  yards  of  his  house,  which  he  cut,  and  took 
from  it  several  bucketf'uls  of  honey  on  Christmas  Day,  1820.  Mr. 
Hornback  also  tells  us  that  he  has  shot  many  turkeys  while  stand- 
ing in  the  door  of  his  house.     During  the  big  snow  in  the  win- 


750  HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY. 

tur  ot"  1830-1,  the  wild  turkeys  coiigro^Htrd  in  such  hir^je  lumibcrs 
in  Mr.  llowtird's  corn-tiehl  that  he  luul  to  call  uptm  his  iiei^hlnirs, 
aiiu>n>^  whom  was  Mr.  llonihack,  to  assist  him  in  killii)<^  them,  in 
order  to  siivf  his  corn.  Miiiiy  of  those  sliiiii^httMvd  on  the  occasitui 
were  thrown  jiway,  while  some    were    preserved  and  use<l  for  food. 

As  Mr.  Iloriildick  is  the  <tldest  settler  now  iivinij  in  the  town- 
ehip,  we  i^ive  a  hit  of  his  exjKjrience  during  the  memorahle  winter 
ahoveallude<l  to,  althoHi^h  l»efore  the  l»i>;  snow  fell.  In  the  fall  of 
1830  he  started  on  lu»rpehack  for  Rock  Island.  When  he  arrived 
at  Pope  creek,  however,  the  weather  turned  so  extremely  eold  that 
ho  was  iti  imminent  danger  of  freezing  to  death.  He  turned  his 
horse  homeward  to  retrace  his  8tC|)S.  T«)  add  to  the  already  great 
peril  in  which  he  was,  he  was  severely  attacked  with  the  hilious 
colic.  This,  together  with  the  cohl,  nearly  caused  him  the  loss  of 
his  life.  It  hegan  to  snow  and  sleet  on  tlio  23d  of  DoeemI)er,  which 
maiie  traveling  very  difHcult  atid  slavish  upon  horsee.  .Mr.  Horn- 
hack  arrivinl  at  (^nincy,  on  his  return,  on  the  evening  of  Dec.  24. 
On  the  following  morning  the  ground  was  very  rough  arul  the  ice 
so  thick  that  his  unsh<xl  liorse  could  hardly  travel.  Ab  it  was 
Christmas  and  hut  one  blacksmith  shop  in  Qtiincy.  lie  could  not 
get  his  horse  shod.  The  hlacksmith  who  ran  that  hho]>  was  too 
religious  to  work  on  Chri»tmJis.  When  Mr.  Ilornhark  aisked  him 
U>  shoe  his  horse  he  replied  that  lie  never  had  wt»rked  on  Christ- 
mas and  he  would  be  d — d  if  he  ever  would.  After  a  hard  and 
tedious  dav's  iournev  Mr.  Hornhack  arrived  at  iiome,  an<l  that 
night  the  hig  snow  l>egan  to  tall. 

Thomas  IVoctt-r  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace.  Tlie  tirst 
death  that  occurre<I  in  Derry  township  was  that  of  James  Horn- 
hack.  The  first  marriage  was  that  of  Knoch  Cooi>cr  to  Miss 
Ksther  ('oi»per  in  isii'.i.  Miss  Cooper  was  the  adopteil  daughter  of 
Isaiah  C«»oper.  The  first  rhiM  lM)rn  was  to  I);iniel  !in<i  Pauline 
Howard  in  1S27. 

The  first  church  building  in  Uerry  was  erected  in  1854,  in 
Kldara,  by  the  Methodist  people.  This  S<»ciety  was  organized 
in  the  pioneer  «iays  and  worsliijK'<l  in  scluiol-houses  and  dwellings 
prior  to  this.  The  first  sermon  wjis  preaciied  b>'  Kev.  Mr.  Ho-rard, 
a  Methodist  minister,  in  182!),  at  the  house  of  William  Ilornuack. 
In  1830  the  renowned  I>»ren/o  I)ow  preached  a  sermou  in  the  same 
lH)Use,  at  which  time  he  baptized  William  L.  and  H<»|)eful  Horn- 
back,  children  of  William  Hornhack,  of  whom  we  have  sj)oken  so 
frequently  in  this  sketch. 

The  schocd  system  of  Derry  township  is  excellent,  and  great  in- 
terest is  manifeste<l  by  the  parents  in  the  education  of  their  chil- 
dren. The  tirst  school-house  w}u»  erecteti  on  sec.  20,  in  1^37.  At 
present  there  are  nine  school  buildings  in  the  township,  in  which, 
as  a  rule,  excellent  schools  are  kept. 


HISTORY  <.>F  riKK  COUNTY.  757 

ELDAKA. 

This  beautiful  littlu  vilhige  is  situated  near  the  suiumit  of  a  fer- 
tile eminenee,  overk)okiiig  a  large  tract  of  undulating  laud  skirted 
1)}'  timber  on  both  the  north  and  south.  From  this  locality  is  pre- 
eented  to  the  eye  a  view  as  beautiful  and  inviting  as  any  picture 
nature  offers  through  this  section  of  country.  Standing  upon  the 
summit  one  can  behold,  either  south  or  east  of  the  village,  the 
beauties  of  nature  and  tlie  wisdom  of  a  Divine  Creator. 

The  town  was  founded  in  1836  by  Nathaniel  Winters,  and  first 
named  Washington.  It  received  its  ])resent  name  in  this  wise,  as 
related  by  Escp  Underwood,  of  Barry,  but  who  f  >i-  many  years 
was  a  prominent  citizen  of  Eldara.  When  he  was  in  Mexico,  dur- 
ing the  war  between  the  United  States  and  that  country,  he  aiid  his 
comrades  passed  through  a  beautiful  little  town  called  Eldora. 
From  there  he  wrote  a  letter  back  to  his  home,  which  was  then  at 
the  old  town  of  Washino:ton.  There  beinor  anotlier  town  in  the 
State  (Washington.  Tazewell  county)  by  the  same  name,  the  Post- 
master-General notitied  the  postmaster  at  this  point  that  the  name 
must  be  changed.  The  settlers  could  think  of  no  suitable  name, 
but  when  Esq.  Underwood's  letter  came,  post-marked  Eldora,  that 
name  particularly  struck  their  fancy.  They,  however,  mistook  the 
spelling  of  it  slightly,  spelling  it  with  an  a  in  the  second  or  middle 
syllable,  instead  of  an  <?,  according  to  the  true  Spanish.  The  mean- 
incr  of  the  word  is  "ii:old."  The  Postmaster-General  was  notitied 
of  the  change,  and  since  then  (1847)  it  has  been  known  by  the 
beautiful,  modified  Spanish  name  of  Eldora. 

At  that  time  Mr.  Motley  platted  an  addition  to  the  town  of 
Washinirton,  and  to  it  lie  gave  the  name  of  Eldara. 

The  town  now  contains  about  350  inhabitants.  There  are  located 
here  two  dry-goods  stores,  two  grocery  stores,  one  drug  store,  two 
shoe  shops,  two  blacksmith  shops,  one  wagon  shoj),  three  c-hurches 
and  one  school  building.  The  religious  denominations  rei)resented 
here  are  Methodist  Episcopal,  Christian,  and  a  new  sect  known  as 
the  Holiness.  The  Christian  con ijr eolation  erected  a  house  of  wor- 
ship  in  1875,  and  the  Holiness  society  refitted  the  old  school- house, 
which  they  now  use  as  a  church. 

The  M.  E.  Church  building  was  struck  by  lightning  in  June, 
1869,  and  the  Christian  church  received  a  sti-oke  on  the  morning 
of -March  26,  1880,  damaging  it  considerably'.  There  is  a  theorj^ 
among  some  of  the  citizens  that  there  is  a  mineral  in  the  ground 
at  tliis  point  that  attracts  the  current  of  atmosi)heric  electricity, 
for  not  oidy  these  buildings  have  been  struck  by  lightning,  but  a 
barn  also  received  a  stroke  a  few  years  ago.  It  took  fire  and  was 
consumed. 

There  is  a  lodge  of  each  of  the  orders  of  Freemasons  and  Odd 
Fellows  in  the  village.  Many  (»f  the  leading  citizens  throughout 
the  neighborhood  are  members  of  these  orders. 


758 


HISTORY    OF    riKK   COUNTY. 


rKKSONAI.  SKIr^CIIK^. 

In  closing  tlif  liistoiv  «'t  the  towii.shij)  uml  villa^»  wo  wish  t<» 
Bpeak  |u'rt»ttiiully  <tt  the  oroniiiieiit  cili/.tMis  (»t"  lioth  town  Hn<l  «'oiin- 
try.     'I'hiK  we  will  iu»w  uo  in  jilphuht'tical  n»tJitioii. 

Wiirutm  F.  H'tC'tn^  <Jru^i:i8t,  Kldani,  whh  horn  in  Hork^ihire 
e*)unty,  M)i8>.,  .July  1>^,  ls;i4,  Hml    is  u  Kon  ot'   IJenjjimin  aiui  Miirv 

A.  l»iii'»»n;  the  I'oriiuT  i«  deci'iise*!,  and  the  hitter  is  at  S;irat<t>;a 
Springs,  N.  ^  .  Wmi.  V.  wiu*  reared  k\\\  a  tarni  and  rec^'ived  a  coin- 
nii>n-s('.ho*il  e<liuMitiuii  in  his  native  State.  In  1S5()  he  came  to 
Cnh'H  ooiinty,  Ilh.  where  he  remained  one  year  and  then  went  to 
Iowa;  WKM  iMie  year  in  .Missnnri;  in  Mareh.  Is7!>,  he  came  to  this 
eoiinty,  Hettliii^  in  Khlara,  and  en<^^in>;  in  the  dru<^  hiisiiie8S,  in 
wliieh  he  had  4  years*  experience  before  C4.Mnin^  here.  Oct.  2, 
lM»2,  he  marrifd  Sarah  K.  llarkmsf..  and  they  have  on«'  tlan^hter, 
Kmma,  who  wan  Inirn  .Inly  14,  I'^tl.J.  Mr.  Haeon  serve*!  Khnontlis 
in  tlie  late  war,  in  Co.  I),  50th  111.  Inf.,  and  whh  in  the  imttle  of 
Shihdi,  where  li<'  wtM  wounded,  on  aci'ount  ot  which,  and  KicknenK, 
he  was  ilischartrrd  in  June,  lNr.2. 

Samuel  liurlty,  tarmer,  wc.  22;  wiu^  lM»rn  in  I'enn^ylvHnia, 
Sept.  25.  184.'i;  emi^^nited  li>  this  county  in  lh4S;  waM  first  married 
to  Amelia  K.  .lactibn,  Dec.  31,  l^tlJJ.  and  they  had  C  children  — 
(liileon  MeClellan,  Inirn  May  r»,  18«}4;  William  Kreilerick,  hum 
April  2.'{,  istW;.  Hn«i  died  in  inlancy;  Sarah  Kllen.  I>«>rn  Nov.  11, 
ls«M  ;  Amelia  .lane,  leh.  10,  ls70;  Sannu'l.  .1  une  2(i.  1872;  and 
iiertha.  March  2,  1874.  I*'«>r  a  second  wile  Mr.  Barley  marrieti 
Mri).  Malinda  II.  Ix>ads,  a  nutivc  of  this  county,  who  ha<l  2  chil- 
dren hy  a  former  husband. —  I)avid  M..  iMirn  I)ec.  2S.  lH7o,  and 
Krnest  K.,  iwirn  May  23,  l!>74.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Barley  have  2  chil- 
dren;  Alilera,  Imrn  Dec.  8,  1^77,  and   Lenon,  I>ec.    15,  1879.      Mr. 

B.  ie  n«it  a  partisan.  I 
ofj.arty.      I\  ()..  Kid 

JiiJh'H  F.  IWyurley,  V.  ()  .  KIdara;  wa«  l)orn  in  I'ittetiehl  tp.,  in 
1S4W;  has  fuljowetl  farming;  mo^t  of  the  time,  iuit  at  present  ii<  a 
trader,  hi  IsHvH  he  uiarrietl  Martha  K.  I*»)tter.  Tliey  Ixdonp  to 
the  Christian  Church.  In  X'^lW  Mr.jB.  wais  Ta.\  Collector.  In  p<di- 
tics  he  is  a  Democrat.      lie  is  aUo  a  Mason  and  Odd  Felhjw. 

Ji>hn  Brown ^  farmer,  sec.  2.');  I*.  ()..  Ilartfoni;  was  born  in  Ohio 
in  1832.  the  son  of  Alexander  and  Isalndla  Browr^,  of  Irish  degecnt; 
chances  for  early  e<lucatii»n  fair;  in  1>53  he  married  Nancy  Cheffy, 
and  they  had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  livinir-  April  3,  1*^75.  he 
married  Anna  Ilotkins.  He  <-ame  to  Bike  county  in  1^54.  Be- 
sides carrying  on  farming,  Mr.  Brown  als<»  deals  in  stock.  Ileowns 
80  acres  of  land.  lie  is  a  Democnit,  and  l>oth  himself  and  wife 
are  meml>ers  of  the  M.  K.  Church. 

Theodore  C.  Bunkrr.  farmer,  eec.  28;  1'.  ().,  Eldara;  was  born 
June  26,  1839,  in  IVnobsct)t  county.  Me.,  and  in  1859  went  t«Cali- 
fornia;  Nov.  19,  186s,  lie  married  Clara  Woo<l,  of  Derry  tp.,  and 
llien  returned  to  California,  and  back  again  to  this  county  in  1870, 


I 


B.  ie  n«it  a  partisan,  but   always    voted  for  tlie  Ixst  men,  rei^ardless 
]»artv.      r.  O..  KIdara. 


HISTURV   OF    riKK   couNrv.  759 

and  has  since  resided  liere.  He  owns  55  acres  of  land  on  sec.  28, 
wortli  $65  per  acre;  is  a  member  uf  the  J>aptist  Churcli;  has  been 
School  Director  in  his  district  for  the  last  three  years,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  B.  have  had  5  children;  only  three  are  living^ — Florence,  John 
Frederick,  Frank  Forest  and  Theodora  B.     Mr.  B.  is  a  Republican. 

Patrick  Carney,  farmer,  residing  on  the  east  half  of  the  north- 
east of  sec.  16,  was  born  in  Roscommon  county,  Ireland,  and  came  to 
America  with  his  father  in  1S52  and  settled  in  this  tp.,  where  he 
now  resides.  Both  his  parents  died  in  this  county,  leaving  7  chil- 
dren, 6  of  whom  are  living — Mary,  Catharine,  Thomas,  Ellen, 
Bridget,  Patrick  and  Margaret.  Mr.  C.  owns  110  acres  of  land; 
he  raises  corn  and  live-stuck.  Is  a  member  of  the  Catholic  Church 
in  Pittstield,  and  is  a  Democrat.     P.  O..  Eldara. 

Thomas  Carney,  farmer,  sec.  15,  was  born  in  the  south  part  of 
Ireland,  June  22,  1842;  came  with  his  father  to  America  in  1849 
and  settled  in  Derry.  Feb.  26,  1877,  he  married  Katie  McGuire, 
daujifhter  of  Peter  McGuire.  He  owns  80  acres  of  land  worth 
about  S-i5  per  acre;  raises  wheat,  corn  and  stock.  He  and  wife 
are  both  members  of  the  Catholic  Church  in  Pittstield.  Mr.  C. 
has  been  an  Odd  Fellow,  and  is  a  Democrat.     P.  O..  Eldara. 

James  W.  Chamherlain,  farmer,  sec.  34;  P.  O.,  Rocki)ort;  was 
born  in  Butler  county,  O.,  May  12.  1828;  his  parents  emigrated  to 
this  county  in  1833  and  settled  on  the  farm  where  he  now  resides; 
was  married  to  Miss  Jane  Yeal  when  24  years  of  age,  and  they  had 

4  children,  one  of  whom  is  dead.  Jan.  20, 1864,  he  married  Mary 
Frances  Harris,  and  they  have  2  children, — Laura,  now  14  years 
of  age,  and  Jennie,  10  years  of  age.  Mr.  C.  owns  140  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  s50  per  acre;  he  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  or- 
der, has  filled  the  office  of  Assessor  and  Collector  in  this  tp.,  and 
in  politics  is  a  Republican.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  are  members  of  the 
Christian   Church. 

31rs.  Jane  Chaviherlain  was  born  in  Wavne  countv,  Ind.,  Dec. 
1.  1821;  emigrated  to  this  county  with  hei-  parents  in  1836.  Her 
maiden  name  was  Gordon,  and  she  married  William  Chamberlain 
May  7,  1840,  and  thev  had  5  children, — Mary,  born  March  22, 
1841;  Aanm,  May  13*1843;  John,  Feb.  23,  1846,  and  died  Nov. 
22,  1871;  Williani,  born  Oct.  17,  1848,  and  Carrie,  Dec.  5,  1851. 
Mr.  C.  died  March  17,  1852,  deeply  regretted  by  all  who  knew 
him.  Mrs.  C.  still  occupies  the  old  homestead,  on  sec  33.  with  her 
vount'est  son,  AVilliam.  who  takes  jjood  care  of  his  mother,  as  well 
as  of  the  farm.  Her  oldest  son,  Aaron,  was  in  the  late  war  in  Co. 
A,  99th  Reg.  III.  Vol.,  and  served  for  3  years.  Mrs.  C.  is  the 
owner  of  120  acres  of  land,  worth  $50  per  acre.  She  is  a  member 
of  the  Christian  Church  at  Barry.     P.  O.,  Eldara. 

Silas  S.  ClarJi',  teacher,  Eldara,  has  taught  school  for  10 years, — 

5  years  in  Pike  county,  and  at  }iresent  resides  in  Eldara.  In 
March,  1874,  he  married  Miss  ^Nffiy  Sweet,  and  they  have  2  children. 
He  is  now  teachintj  in  Tavlor  school-house.      lie  is  a  member  of 


700 


MI8TOKY    OF    riKK    COINTY. 


the  Misoiiic  hiuI  O  Id  I'V'Uows  Orders  in  Eldani.      Both  he  Jind  his 
wife  :ire  members  o(  the  Christian  Church. 

Th'nu'18  II.  Coley,  miller,  at  Kl<lar:i,  was  horn  Doc.  21,  1.S36,  in 
Putnam  county,  Ind.;  cjime  to  this  ciuinty  Oct.,  1S51,  and  set- 
tled in  M:irtin>hur^  t|».;  has  hved  where  he  now  resiiles.  sec.  21, 
since  1S70.  Sept.  30,  1860,  he  married  .Nfarthi  Iv  (ioodiii,  and 
they  have  8  children:  ^^ary  E.,  Lewis  II..  NViliiam  L.,  ('arrie  M,, 
Lueius  A.,  IIiMiry  \'ir;^il,  j/dlio  ^[.  an<l  (Jolda  1{  Mr.  (/.  <»wns  SO 
acres  of  Ian  I,  worth  lt*'>,000.  lie  is  a  Democrat,  and  himscjt'  and 
wife  are  memht'rs  4»f  the  Christian  Church. 

liohfH  Dickson^  farmer,  sec.  *J3;  1*.  ( >.,  Eldara;  was  born  in 
Mori^an  coiittty,  ().,  Auij.  20,  \s\\k\\  cMuie  to  this  county  in  Dec. 
l8.>4;  w.i-  raiso'l  on  a  farm.  Worked  one  summer  at  thv  tanninfi^ 
business;  Jan.  I,  185S,  married  Mary  I*ayne,  and  they  ha«l  3  chil- 
tlrcn,  all  of  whom  are  dead.  Mrs.  D.  »lied  in  Feb.,  1n»51.  In  Oct., 
1805,  Mr.  D.  married  Lucy  Ann  Payne,  and  they  have  had  7  chil- 
dren, 5  of  whom  are  liviu;;:  Henry,  Alice,  Annie.  Eveline  ami 
Lticv.  Those  dead  are  Eutrene  and  an  iiitaiit.  Mr.  Dickson  was 
in  the  lat4»  war  in  Co.  (»,  9J>tli  \\m\*.  III.  Vol.,  enlistinj^  Au<^.  23, 
1^0*2.  ()w(is  274  acres  of  land,  worth  $30  per  acre;  has  been 
SchiKtl   [>irector,  and  is  a  lU-'publictiii. 

Cfuirlfs  K.  Dothjf!,  farmer,  see.  tJ  ;  I*.  ( ).,  El  lara;  was  born  in 
Warren  county.  III  .  Nov.  10,  1838;  aimo  to  this  contity  in  the  fall 
of  1874  and  settletl  in  Pleasant  Vale  lp„  reside^l  there  about  2 
years,  an<l  then  removal  to  where  he  now  lives.  March  1,  1870; 
Oct.  20.  lsr,3,  he  marrietl  Marv  (iard,  and  tliey  luul  3 'children: 
l.enni.'  M.,  bori.  April  14,  180.5";  Peter  II.,  Oct.  24,  ls66;  and  Her- 
tha  .M.,  Feb.  4,  1S70.  Mr.  D.  is  a  ineml)cr  of  the  Baptist  ('liurch 
at  I'.irry.  Ilf  has  U'cn  Constable  in  Hureau  county  for  4  vears, 
and  Koad  <  )vc'r.->eer  and  S<'ho«d  Director  in  his  tp.;  owns  !♦.>  acres  of 
land,  wi»rth  $3,0«»«'.  While  living  in  Dunklin  c«»unty,  Mo.,  he 
was  coiihcriptetl  by  the  Confe<ler«ite  (Jovernment  and  f<»rce<l  to  serve 
in  the  rel>el  army  under  (Jen.  .lefT.  Thompson  until  tin;  tir-it  day  of 
Oct.,  18')1.  at  which  time  he  surren<lered  to  Col.  W.  J.  ( ):;lesby  at 
the  battle  of  Helniont.  when  (ten.  (irant,  who  was  iii  command  of 
the  Federal  forces,  gave  him  a  free  pass  home.  When  he  was  con- 
scripte<l  his  property  was  c<»nHscated  and  he  wa^  threatene<l  with 
incarceration  ln'cnuse  he  a.-^keti  for  a  voucher  for  his  property,  which 
the  rebels  had  converte<l  to  their  «*wn  use.  He  afterward  erdisted 
in  Co.  E,  37th  llc;r.  I.  \'.  I.,  6erve<l  4  ujonths,  and  was  discharged 
because  of  ill  health.      Mr.  iKwlge  is  a  liepublican. 

Christopher  Dolhenie,  tanner,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  EMara;  wa.-  l>orn 
March  7,  1852,  in  this  tp.;  his-  father  was  Roze!  C.  Dolbeare,  and 
his  mother  was  Priscilla  (Hoover)  D.  His  uncle,  Aaron  Hoover, 
serveil  in  the  late  war.  Christopher  lives  near  EMara,  and  4  years 
afjo  t«»ok  a  pleasure  trip  throuirh  New  York,  IJhode  Island  and 
Connecticut,  visitiiig  friends,  and  then  went  to  Ohio  on  a  .■.itiiibir 
trip,  and  to  the  northern  part  of  Illinois  last  fall. 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  761 

John  Drtmiiaond,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  O.,  Eldiira;  owns  a  farm 
of  79  f  acres  4  miles  from  Eldara;  was  born  in  Clermont  county, 
O.,  June  21.  1814;  came  to  Adams  county  in  1842,  remained  there 
4yea)"&  and  then  moved  to  Salem  tj).,  and  in  1853  lo  wliere  he  now 
resides.  Sept.  20,  1835,  he  married  JJeborah  Graham,  and  they 
have  had  17  children,  10  girls  and  7  boys.  His  f,^randfather,  Jolm 
Drnniniund,  was  in  the  Revolution.  Mrs.  D.'s  mothei-  was  Eliza- 
beth Graham,  and  her  father  John  Graham,  who  was  in  the  war 
of  1812.  Her  mother  is  still  living,  at  the  age  of  89.  ^[r.  and 
Mrs.  D.  are  Methodists,  and  Mr.  D.  is  a  Republican. 

Moses  JEasly,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in  Sulli- 
van county,  East  Tenn.,  Feb.  7,  1820;  in  ls41  he  removed  to  Pike 
county  and  settled  in  this  tp.,  and  lias  lived  on  his  present  farm  24 
years.  His  brother,  Thomas  Easly,  was  in  the  Mexican  war,  under 
Gen.  Taylor.  A[ay  1,  1844,  he  married  ^lary  Ann  Tittsworth,  of 
this  county,  and  they  have  had  9  children,  7  of  whom  ui-t'  liv- 
ing,— T.  L.,  Amanda,  Alice,  William,  James,  Florence,  Idella  and 
Laura.  Mr.  E.  lias  been  School  Director  of  his  district  4  years, 
and  Road  Commissioner  3  years.  He  owns  313  acres  of  land, 
worth  $20,000;  ships  liis  produce,  and  raises  stock.  He  lives 
1^  miles  from  Eldara.  He  is  a  Democrat,  and  his  M'ife  is  a  Metho- 
dist. 

T.  L.  Easly,  retired  farmer;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in  Pike 
county,  in  April,  184(5;  his  father's  name  was  Moses  Easly  and  his 
mother's  maiden  name  was  Mary  Tittsworth.  Nov.  20,  1869,  he 
married  Caroline  Eldridge,  of  this  county,  and  they  have  3  chil- 
dren; Frederick,  Mary  and  Maud.  He  is  an  Odd  Fellow,  and  in 
politics  a  Green  backer. 

Maherry  Evans,  farmer,  sec.  21;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in 
Scott  county,  111.,  Jan.  14,  1829;  came  to  Pike  county  in  1847,  aiui 
lived  with  Elisha  Hurt  that  winter.  July  11,  1859,  he  married 
Julia  D.  Landrum,  and  they  have  had  1  cliildren,  3  of  whom  are 
living, — Richard  F.,  Theodora  A.  and  Mary  E.  He  owns  200  acres 
of  land  in  this  tp.  and  120  acres  in  Pleasant  Yale  tp. ;  home  place 
worth  $50  per  acre.  He  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Super- 
visor; is  amember  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  in  politics  a  Demo- 
crat,     riiswife  belongs  to  the  M.  E.  Church. 

William  Evans,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  21;  P.  0.,  Eldara; 
was  born  near  Winchester,  III,  April  6,  1832,  and  is  a  son  of  Rich- 
ard and  Annie  Evans,  dec;  natives  of  Kentucky.  The  subject  of 
this  notice  was  once  offered  the  use  of  a  large  tract  of  land  where 
Jacksonville  now  stands,  in  exchange  for  a  horse.  He  came  to  this 
county  about  1850,  and  soon  afterwai'd  went  to  California,  overland, 
where  he  remained  8  years;  he  then  returned  to  this  county.  Nov. 
30,  1863,  he  married  Miss  Mary  A.  Strubinger,  daughter  of  Joseph 
Strubinger,  dec,  an  early  settler  of  this  county.  They  have  had  5 
children,  namely,  Anna  M.,  Joseph  M.,  Frank  W.,  itattie  M.  and 
Nina.  Mr.  Evans  owns  198  acres  of  land  here,  and  160  acres  in 
Piatt  county,  Mo. 


7«!2  HISTORY  OK  IMKK  rdfNTY. 

Jacob  C.  Farmei\  Idiicksinitli;  was  born  Dec.  9,  1S42,  in  Harri- 
son county,  0.\  csinic  tn  this  county  with  liis  father,  John  I''arm- 
er,  in  lS4r);  was  tnarrit'd  in  1S(!4  to  Nfary  McXMitsky;  thrv  had  2 
cliildren,  only  ('ora  livinL'.  Mr.  Fanner  served  in  the  hite  war  in 
Co.  G,  44th  Re<j.  I.  \  .  1.  He  resitjeil  in  Adams  county  15  years.  Is 
a  inenil>er  of  tlie  Masonic  fratrrnity,  ainl  a  (ireenl>acker  in  politics. 
His  wife  is  a  incnilx-r  of"  the  Christian  (Miureh. 

ILnry  A.  /'tfil<r.  fanner,  see.  19;  1*.  O.,  KKhira;  was  l>orn  in 
Dt'rry  tp.  Ani;.  4,  1850;  was  jnarried  March  5,  1S7(>,  to  Miss  Mary 
I'ho'hns,  and  they  had  4  chihlren;  Lchi  May,  horn  Au^.  2,  1S72; 
.lacoliand  Koln'rt,  horn  .Inly  7.  1*^74;  ami  Kosa,  horn  Oct.  *J3,  1S7(>, 
who  died  Nov.  1»,  foHowiii;;.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  I'VsltT  hoth  had  ijood 
educational  advantages.  Mr.  F.  is  a  stock  raiser,  and  in  politics  is 
a  Democrat. 

J(U'(tf>  ye^li-r,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  O.,  Kidara;  was  h(»rn  in  ('hirk 
county,  Ky.,  .lune  S.  18*J1;  came  U>  I'ike  county  in  ls35  and  set- 
tled on  sec.  ID;  he  owns  ;i2'>  acres  (»f  land,  worth  ^35  per  acre. 
Oct.  If).  1X40,  he  married  Zerilda  Lyons,  and  their  C  children  are: 
Sarah  C.,  horn  Au^.  27,  1S48;  lliMirV  A.,  Au^.  4,  1850;  Adelpha, 
Nov.  lN.  1s5:{;  .lane  Ann.  Mav  25,'ls5«;  John  K.,  Au;r.  2,  ISfiO; 
Kmma  F.,  Jan.  15.  \S{V,\.  lloth  are  memi)ers  of  the  M.  F.  ("hnrch. 
South,  and  Mr.  F.  is  a  Mason,  and  in  piditics  a  Dem(»crat. 

lilotuner  Foxoler  was  horn  in  NVashin^^ton  county,  Ky.,  Nov.  28, 
18'50,  ami  in  early  life  had  hut  little  time  to  devote  to  e«iucation ; 
came  U>  this  county  in  l^»^l  and  settled  in  Derry  tp.  His  lather's 
name  was  Benjamin  Fowler,  and  his  nji»ther's  maiden  name  was 
Mary  Gordon.  Mr.  Fowler  is  now  en^^iged  in  hiiyin;^  and  selling 
hiiles,  pelts  and  produce.      He  is  a  Democrat. 

J(imf»  II.  (fdnifr,  farmer;  resiiles  ou  the  N.  \V.  <juarter  (»f  sec 
U3,  this  tp.;  was  Utrn  in  Clark  county.  Ky.,  Dec.  27,  1824;  came 
to  this  countv  in  the  fall  of  1840  and  settled  in  Derrv  tp.  He 
owns  28«I  acres  of  land  in  Derry,  and  32<i  acres  in  Atlas  tp.,  worth 
$20,000.  June  2,  1^01.  he  nu'irried  .Mary  F.  Williams,  and  they 
have  had  ••  children.  William  J,,  Joseph  O.,  Ma,  .Mary  A.,  Her- 
man and  Lovina.  Mr.  G.  has  been  ScIjooI  Director  f«»r  2  years  and 
Commissioner  of  lli«;hways  for  several  years.  He  raises  •jrain  and 
produce  I'xtensivelv,  ami  ships  to  foreign  markets.  He  is  a  Uepnb- 
lican.     IV  (>.,  Fidara. 

A.  li.  Gates,  farmer,  sec.  11,  S.  4;  P.  O.,  Fidara;  was  l)orn  near 
C<»lumbus,  Ohio;  came  to  this  county  while  very  3'onng  with  his 
father.  Nehemiah  Gates,  and  has  re.-sided  here  ever  since.  Jutie  3, 
1S(;2,  was  married  to  Flizabeth  Saylor  and  their  children  are.  Ile- 
U'cca  Ellen.  l>orn  Mav  2:i,  1S63;  Susan  A..  June  15.  Is04;  Jacob, 
xMarch  1,  I8r,5;  WiUian.,  Oct.  3,  1867;  Charles,  Sept.  20,  1869; 
J(».<eph,  Oct.  11,  1871;  George,  Feb.  7,  1875;  and  Mary.  April  6, 
187J>.  >rr.  (i.  owns  SO  acre^  of  land,  worth  |>3,000;  he  is  a  Dem- 
ocrat, and  him>elf  and  wife  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church. 
Theodore  Gates,  farmer,  sec.  5;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Pike 
countv,  March  20.   1843.  and  Oct.  26,  1865,  inarried  Susan  Chase, 


HISTORY    uF    PIKE    COUNTY.  763 

daughter  ot  Lewis  Chase,  of  Ohio.  Tht-y  liave  2  chiWreii;  Lousina, 
born  Oct.  G,  1867,  and  Jesse,  born  July  25,  1872.  Mr.  Gates  owns 
1041  acres  of  hind,  worth  about  §3,000.  lie  has  been  School  Di- 
rector one  term;  was  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  D,  ()9th  lle^;.  I.  V.  I., 
and   served  3  years;  was  mustered  out  at  Baton  Kouge,  Louisiana. 

Timothy  Grady,  farmer,  sec.  25,  was  born  in  Kings  county,  Ire- 
land, about  the  year  1826;  arrived  in  America  May  11,  1849,  land- 
ing at  New  Orleans;  lived  18  years  in  Cincinnati,  then  removed  to 
this  county,  where  he  has  resided  for  about  18  years,  and  on  his 
present  farm  13  years.  Sept.  21,  185s,  he  married  Mary  O'Donnel, 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  their  living  children  are  Thomas,  Mary 
Ann  and  John.  Thomas  was  born  July  4,  1859;  Mary  Ann,  May 
6,  1864,  and  John,  April  10,  1867.  Mr.  G.  owns  120  acres  of  land, 
worth  about  S30  per  acre.  lie  and  wife  are  members  of  the  Catho- 
lic Church,  and  Mr.  G.  is  a  Democrat. 

Warren  Green,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in  this 
county  near  Atlas,  Jan.  25,  1835,  and  has  resided  in  the  county 
ever  since.  lie  was  first  married  Sept.  27,  1857,  to  LucindaTayloi-, 
and  they  had  6  children, — Ida  Olive,  born  Auir.  17,  1858,  and  died 
May  3,"l863;  SarJi  Elizabeth,  born  Marcli  17,  1861;  Albert  War- 
ren^ Sept.  4,  1863;  Edwin  May,  July  8,  1866;  Cora  Luella,Apri  1 
14,  1868,  and  an  infant  daughter  born  April  4,  1860,  who  died  the 
same  day.  April  21,  1872,  Mr.  Green  married  Mrs.  Mary  E., 
widow  of  Thomas  H.  Pendleton,  and  daughter  of  Daniel  and  Es- 
ther McCaskill,  who  liad  one  child,  John  A.  Pendleton,  born  Aug. 
10,  1859.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Green  have  4  children,  Frederick  Ross, 
born  June  7,  1873;  Harry  Jay,  Jan.  16,  1875;  Archibald,  Jan.  28, 
'1877;  Phebe  E.,  May  7,  1879.  Mr.  Green  owns  75  acres  of  land 
near  EhUira,  worth  r$60  per  acre.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of 
the  Free  M.  E.  Church,  and  he  is  a  Licensed  Local  Preacher  for  his 
congregation.  He  has  held  several  responsible  offices  in  his  tp., 
and  in  politics  is  a  Kepublican. 

Henry  Hall,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in 
Butler  county,  Ohio,  Jan.  7,  1836 ;  came  to  this  county  Sept.  20, 
1855;  was  married  Aug.  20, 1859,  to  Mary  L.  Taylor,  and  they  have 
liad  7  ehihh'en, — Edwin  F.,  Jennie,  George  D.,  Ida,  Luella,  Henry 
and  Freddie;  5  are  dead.  ^Vv.  11.  owns  160  acres  of  land,  worth 
$10,000;  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Lodge,  raises  a  great  deal  of 
produce  and  patronizes  home  markets;  is  a  Republican. 

George  W.  Harris,  farmer,  sec.  26;  was  born  in  Goochland  county, 
Va.,  Oct.  23,  1814;  emigrated  to  Pike  county  in  the  s|)ring  of  1843, 
and  settled,  temporarily  in  Pleasant  Vale  tp.,  and  in  3  months  set- 
tled where  he  has  now  resided  for  more  than  28  years.  March  3, 
1836,  he  married  Miss  Mary  Ann  Ripley,  and  of  their  9  children 
7  are  living,  namely:  Mary  Fiances,  Thomas  S.,  Lucy  C,  Eliza- 
beth S.,  Philena  J.,  James  II,,  Wm.  II.,  George  W.  and  Ann  Eliza. 
Mr.  Harris  owns  280  acres  of  land,  worth  ,*i;40  per  acre.  He  and 
wife  have  been  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church  for  more  than  40 
he  has  filled  several  important  tp.  offices.      P.  O.,  Eldara. 


764 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 


Sa t/i u f- /  //'irri. s,  i'nriui'r,  whs  horn  Oct.  (1,  1840,  iti  TtMine.-ssoc  ; 
aiiiiu  to  tliis  I'oimty  in  the  s|iriii^  of  Isol ;  w»8iimrrie<l  to  Ainamla 
Easly,  in  Sept.,  1S«)5,  und  they  liuve  huil  6  children,  all  ot'  whom  are 
living,  Klla,  Frank.  Mary,  Klhert.  Herman  and  Freddie.  His  fatlier's 
name  is  ThoniHS  S  Harris  an<l  his  mother's  name  was  Amanda; 
bhe  died  in  1871.      Mr.  Harris  is  a  Democrat. 

Joxhiia  li.  Ihnu'rd,  larnier,  was  horn  March  l'."»,  1S4>^,  and  is  a 
native  of  this  county;  May  1,  18l)l>,  he  married  Margaret  Maher. 
and  tlu'y  have  ha<l  «J  children,  namely:  Lorrence  W.,  horn  Dec.  .'U, 
IhTd*.  and  died  Oct.,  Is77;  Fatiiiie  Kllen.  horn  .luly  L'5,  ls71,  died 
Au*j.  li<>,  1872;  Daniel,  horn  June  11,  1n73;  Annastatia,  Ixuri  .May 
23,  1875;  Josliua,  l»«»rn  Mareli  23,  ls77,  and  l.eomird.  Sept.  1,  1878. 
Mrs.  Havir.l  was  horn  Dec.  25.  ls4J».  ,nnl  died  Sept.  23,  ls7S.  Oct. 
23,  1S7I*,  Mr.  II.  was  married  to  his  present  wife,  .lennett  I'arrick. 
Mr.  Havinl  owns  81  acres  of  land,  worth  !k.'>.(MtO.  He  i-;  :i  Demo 
erat.     P.  O.,  iJarry 

lit'uht  n  C.  Ilendrick*^  farmer,  sec.  <5;  was  horn  in  North  ('aro- 
lina,  .Fan.  I'J.  I8'J2;  was  married  to  ^fi^s  Orni  Anr»  Dumford,  Aj»ril 
7,  1j>44,  who  was  horn  July  2«1,  l82!».  and  they  have  had  11  chil- 
dren,— Anumda  .M.,  horn  .lune  14,  1S4G;  Melinda.I..  .July  2S,  1848, 
jind  <lied  Sept.  11.  1h54;  Marv  K.,  horn  Mav  «,  1852;  Eliza  H., 
Feh.  !t,  1S54;  Martha  A.,  May  ♦;.  l^.'.r,;  Samuel  S.,  Seiit.  3,  185S, 
and  di«><l  .March  31,  l{j72;  Wnl.  1..  horn  Fel).  27,  Isr.l;  I{eul>cn  H.. 
Marcii  31,  18t;3.  and  «lie<l  Sept.  20,  1804;  (Jeorge  M.,  horn  Jan.  31, 
18fi5;  Daniel  K..  Nov.  28,  18«7,  and  I.ydia  A.,  Aug.  24,  1S70. 
Mr.  H.  owns  4o  a<'ro«  of  fine  laiul,  worth  ^45  per  acre.  He  is  a 
Democrat. 

JoJin  L  Ilmjan^  farmer,  se(;,  27;  I*.  O.,  KIdara;  owns  120  acres 
of  valuahle  land,  on  which  he  resides  with  his  widowed  mother. 
He  was  Ikuii  .March  7,  1>^47,  in  this  township,  and  was  married  to 
Lizzi«'  liuckin^ham,  Feh.  U.  isr.s,  and  they  have  2  (diildren, — 
Harry,  horn  Dec.  2U.  l*»<jy;  and  .Nimi,  Dec.  1,  l.s7G.  His  father, 
Adley  Ho;;ain.  <iied  when  John  was  9  years  old,  since  which  time 
|je  and  his  mother  have  Blru<;^le<i  together  until  they  have  accumu- 
lated considt-rahle  i>nij»erty. 

li.  W.  llin'tdxicK,  farmer,  sec.  20;  1'.  ( >.,  ]"ldara;  owns  220  acres 
of  land.  Worth  $00  an  acre.  Mr.  H.  was  Iwirn  in  this  county  Feh. 
1,  1837,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Lillie  (Landrum)  Hornhack; 
in  this  county  in  isr.*)  he  married  Kli/.iheth  Freeman,  who  was 
born  in  this  county  in  1S43.  They  have  had  8  children,  of  whom 
7  are  living.  Mr.  H.  is  in  prosperous  circumstances  as  a  farmer. 
In  jmlitics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

Solomon  Hornhafk,  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  where  he 
was  horn  July  3.  IS  10;  came  to  this  county  in  ls3t>,  where  he  has 
lived  ever  since.  i>eintr  thus  an  earlv  settler  he  has  witnessed 
wonderful  changes  in  the  development  id' this  county.  In  1836  he 
married  Emily  Hlackwell,  in  Kentucky,  who  is  a  native  of  that 
State.  Of  their  10  children  7  are  living.  Mr.  H.  is  one  of  the  old 
and    respected  citizens  of  Pike  county,  and   has    held   several   re- 


HISTOKY    OK    I'IKi:    COUNTY.  705 

sponsible  ofHces.  He  is  a  ineinUcr  of  the  Christian  ('iiurch,  and  a 
Democrat.      His  father  served  in  tlie  war  of  1812. 

William  Ilonihack^  retired  farmer;  P.  O..  Eldara;  son  of  Solo- 
mon and  Sally  (l*hillij)s)  Hornback,  the  forn)er  a  native  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  the  latter  of  North  Carolina;  was  born  in  Kentucky, 
Jan.,  ISOS;  came  to  this  county  in  1829.  He  is  therefore  one  of  the 
oldest  pioneers  of  this  section.  In  1826  he  married  Sallie  W.  Land- 
rum,  who  was  born  in  1806,  and  died  in  18o9.  Thev  had  4  chil- 
dren,—Patsey  A.,  Wm.  P.,  S.  P.  and  R.  M.  In  May,  1840,  Mr. 
H.  married  Xancy  Swerer,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1808  and  died  in 
1858.  In  1859  he  married  Marj'  A.  Landrum,  who  was  born  Oct.  4, 
1808.  Mr.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  IVtethodist  Church :  owns  83  acres 
of  fine  farm  land  worth  $60  per  acre.      He  is  a  Democrat. 

Mrs.  2inn  J.  Hoskin  resides  on  the  S.  W.  quarter  of  sec.  26; 
was  born  in  Grig^sville,  Jan.  25,  1850.  Her  maiden  name  was 
Ann  J.  Richey.  April  20,  1873,  she  married  Daniel  Hoskin,  who 
was  born  April  11,  1832,  in  this  township.  In  1879  Mr.  H.  died, 
leavinnr  one  child, — Henry  Isaac,  born  June  18,  1875.  Mr.  H.  was 
a  member  of  the  I.  O.  of  O.  F.,  and  tilled  important  township  ottices. 
He  left  120  acres  of  land  worth  $50  per  acre.  Mr.  Hoskin  was  a 
highly  esteemed  citizen. 

A>ia  Hoskin,  farmer,  sec.  23,  was  born  in  this  county  June  17,  '37. 
He  owns  120  acres  of  land  in  this  township,  worth  $35  ])er  acre. 
He  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  is  now  very  extensively  engaged  in 
the  raising  of  hogs,  cattle  and  horses.  Jan.  1,  1863,  he  married 
Mary  A.  Moorhead,  daughter  of  Dr.  Moorhead,  of  lilldara,  and  their 
children  are  :  OUie,  William,  Thomas  and  Relle.  He  has  been 
School  Director  one  year  in  his  township,  ahd  is  a  Democrat.  His 
uncle,  John  Shinn,  served  in  the  Mexican  war  under  Gen.  Taylor. 
P.  O.,  Eldara. 

Charles  M.  Hoskin,  farmer,  sec.  26;  was  born  in  this  township 
June  25.  1850;  was  the  eldest  of  6  children;  his  father  was  Isaac  A. 
Hoskin.  June  23,  1873,  he  married  Linda  Miles,  who  was  born  in 
Mercer  county,  Mo.,  and  they  have  2  children, — Mary  Abbie.  born 
Feb.  3,  1S74,  and  Asa,  born  Aug.  1,  1876.  Mr.  H.  has  been  Road- 
Master  2  or  3  times  in  his  township:  is  a  Mason  and  a  Democrat. 
P.  O..  Eldara. 

(/ohn  Hoskin,  blacksmith,  Eldara;  owns  2  lots  with  dwelling  and 
shop;  was  born  Aug.  24,  1850,  and  Kov.  J,  1878,  married  Emeline 
Berry,  in  Adams  county.  111.,  who  was  born  Aug.  1,  1857,  in  Ohio. 
They  had  5  children. — Cora,  Rosa  M.,  Emma  and  2  infants.  The 
2  latter  are  deceased.  Mr.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  and  Odd 
Fellows  fraternities,  and  is  a  Republican. 

William  Iffiskin,  i'avmev,  re&'ides  on  sec.  26;  was  born  in  this 
■count}',  within  H  miles  of  where  he  now  lives,  Feb.  15,  1839; 
was  married  to  Sarah  Jane  Moorhead,  daughter  of  Dr.  ]\Ioorhead, 
of  Eldara,  Oct.  7,  1860;  have  had  3  children, — Mary  E.,  born  July 
25,  1861;  Margaret  Edna,  March  14,  1863,  and  Lizzie,  born  Dec. 
18,  1864,  and  died  Sept.  21.  1865.     Mr.  11.  owns  110  acres  of  land. 


7CG 


I118TOKY    OF    PIKK  COUNTY. 


worth  $40  |u'r  Here;  Ims  been  iioad- Master  sevcnil  tcriMK,  uikI   is  ;i 
Dfiinn-rat. 

George  Jloiclaiul,  tannrr,  sec.  15;  1*.  O..  KMara;  \va»  ln>rii  iit 
this  comity  Dec.  21),  1847;  when  a  hid  he  entered  a  dr}'-goo<lrt  es- 
talilihhiiR'iit  as  eh-rk,  an<i  satisfactorily  filk'd  the  position  until  he 
coiiimrnccd  tanning  t\)iir  yeart>  a;4o.  Feb.  4,  l^t5l^  he  married  Vir- 
ginia Martin,  who  was  horn  in  Missouri  Feb.  1S»,  ls4H.  Their 
two  chiUhen  aro  (tertrudt-.  who  wau  l)orn  Oct.  5.  isTO,  and  Maude, 
Sept,  19,  1>7X.  Mr.  llow  himl's  lather  was  a  native  of  New  V<»rk 
State  and  his  mother  ot    Illiiinis.      iVditieally  he  is  a    K^-piildiran. 

/*.  A.  JIuicliind,  tarmiT.  wa»  horn  in  New  ^  ork  Die.  !'."•,  lsl>, 
and  when  20  yuarH  of  a^e  emigrated  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Mar- 
tinshurg  t|>..  Pike  county;  aftrrward  moved  3  miles  n«»rth  of 
Marry  anil  rt-^ided  tliere  alK)Ut  4  years,  and  in  .hiiie.  IHTtl,  In*  re- 
moved tt»  Hldara,  where  he  lias  since  resiiie«l.  lie  was  married  at 
Martinshnr;;,  to  Miss  Harriet  Clark,  and  they  have  iuid  C  children, 
2  of  whom  aro  living, —  ('an»line  and  Geo.  H.,  both  marrieil.  .Mr. 
II.  owns,  jointiv  with  his  son,  MS  acres  of  land  coiiti;;iioiis  tt»  the 
town,  wt.rth  ^^djioo.  He  b  one  of  the  Town  Trubtees  of  the  in- 
ct»ri»orati>>M,  jin«l  a  Democrat. 

David  li.  Jo/itmon,  farmer,  sec.  32;  V.  O.,  Kldara;  was    born    in 
Pickaway  county,  ().,  April  1,  1>3C,  and  is  a  s«»n  of  Henry  H.  and 
Mary  (Ihikeri  .Jnhiisttn;    the  former  was  Ixirn  in  Virginia  in    IhUU, 
and  of  (it-rmaii  and  Knt;lisli  ance^try,  and  the  latter  ot    Knglish  de 
»ccnl  ;  calue  to   Pike  county  in  1S4(J,  witli    his   parents,  where   he 
went  to  sclio«d  3  m«inths     all  he  ever  went  in  his  lite.      In  ls<!l  ho 
eidisted  in  (\>.  I,  11th  Mo.  Inf.,  under  Captain  Harniim;  was  in   7 
batth•^,  and  at    Corinth,  .^li^s.,  wiu^  wtMincleii.  being   shot    through 
the  left  lung;   for  two  years  afterward  he  was  unable  to  dress  him 
self.       In    1859   he  married    Adelia    K.    Iladscll,   and    they  had   '.', 
children,  all  »»f  whom  an-  living;  in  1^70  he  married  Kura  .1.  Wat 
kins,  and  of  their  Ti  chihiren  4   are   living.      He  ami    his  pre^ent 
wife  are  Mi^siollarv  Bai»iisls.      I\diticallv  Mr,  .1,  is  a  Democrht. 

T/ioimm  J.  JoneM,  fartner,  live*  on  sec.  8,  and  owns  240  acres  of 
land;  was  Imrn  in  Kldari  tp.  S>pt,  10.  1842;  was  marrinl  in  March. 
1868,  to  Miss  Klizal»eth  Dolbeare,  and  they  have  had  «»  children. 
one  boy  and  live  girls;  one  of  the  girU  died  about  3  years  ago. 
Mr.  J,  and  wife  l>elong  to  tl^e  Christian  Church.  The  names  of 
their  children  an*,  Azalia.  Paul,  Jennie,  Ro6a,  LiHie  and  Ida,  Mr. 
J.  served  in  the  late  war  in  Co,  C,  99th  Keg.,  and  was  discharged 
July  31,  lN»»,');  his  brother  was  kille«i  at  Spanish  K«irt.  He  is  one 
of  the  Din'ctors  of  the  liarry  Mutinil  Insurance  Coippany. 

William  Jon^a^  merchant,  Eldara;  is  a  native  of  this  county, 
where  he  wa»  b<»rn  March  29,  ls34;  was  raised  on  a  farm  until  18 
years  of  age,  then  commencetl  teaching  school  and  continued 
teaching  for  20  terms;  he  settled  in  Eldara  in  ISfiO  and  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  trade;  keeps  on  hand  a  go<jd  stock  of  general 
merchaniii^e.  and  is  doiuLf  a  s^hh\  l)usiness.  At  present  he  is  Post- 
master at  Eldara  and  lias  held   the   office  of  Town   Clerk    4    rears. 


r\ 


CC^T-T^Lf 


DERRY     Tf 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    CODNTY.  769 

In  1857  lie  was  iiianied  in  this  county  to  Miss  Mary  J.  Purcell, 
who  died  in  1872;  they  had  5  children, — Katie,  Martha,  Mattie, 
Warner  and  Mary  J.  In  1874  he  married  Elizabeth  Roseberrv,  a 
native  of  Tennessee,  where  she  was  born  in  1838.  They  have  one 
child,  Sallie.     Mr.  J.  is  a  Republican. 

Jacob  Kendall,  *jjrocer,  was  ijorn  March  28,  1838,  and  settled  in 
Eldara  in  1875;  was  married  in  this  county  in  1860  to  Martha 
Haines,  who  was  born  in  Tennessee.  They  had  6  children, — Alvin, 
Mary,  Franklin  AV.,  Flora  (deceased),  Jerusha  and  Eva.  Mr,  K. 
has  been  Collector  one  term;  is  an  Odd  Fellow  and  a  Republican. 
His  parents  were  luitives  of  New  Jersey. 

John  Kerr,  farmer,  sec.  4;  was  born  in  the  north  of  Ireland, 
county  Londonderry,  in  1816;  emigrated  to  America  in  1848  and 
settled  in  this  tp.  In  1842  he  married  Eliza  Torrens,  of  Ireland, 
and  they  have  had  7  children,  5  of  whom  are  dead, — Mary  E.,  died 
Jan.  15,  1874  ;  Sarah  Ann,  died  when  but  4  years  of  age  ;  Emily, 
died  in  March,  1873  ;  Margaret,  died  Dec.  12,  1878.  Sarah  Ann, 
the  3'oungest  child,  born  Dec.  19,  1856;  was  married  to  John  Was- 
sell,  of  Hadley  tp..  May  30,  1878,  and  they  are  members  of  the 
Baptist  Church.  Mr.  Kerr's  only  son,  John,  enlisted  in  the  late 
war  in  1862  in  the  99th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  and  after  serving  3  years  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Baton  Rouge,  La.  Mr.  K.  owns  40  acres 
of  land,  worth  $50  per  acre.  He  and  wife  are  Congregationalists. 
Politics   Republican.     P.  O.,  Barry. 

John  Kerr,  jr.,  farmer,  was  born  Dec.  24,  1842,  in  Ireland;  was 
raised  on  a  farm:  came  to  America  in  1847,  and  has  lived  in  this 
tp.  for  32  years.  In  Aug.,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  99th  111.  Reg., 
and  was  mustered  out  July  31,  1865;  was  married  April  9,  1876, 
to  Miss  Rhoda  Dolbeare,  who  was  born  in  1849.  He  owns  120 
acres  of  land,  worth  $3,000;  is  a  member  of  the  Grange.  Resides 
on  sec.  4.     Is  a  Republican  in  politics. 

Allot  Ijandrum,  merchant,  Eldara. 

Alonzo  Lyons,  farmer,  resides  on  the  N.  E.  of  the  S.  W.  quarter 
of  sec.  30  ;  was  born  Dec.  5,  1848,  in  this  tp.;  his  father,  John 
Lyons,  was  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  his  mother's  maiden  name  was 
Susan  Harlow;  the}'  have  had  7  children,  2  uf  whom  are  dead.  He 
owns  40  acres  of  land,  worth  about  $1,000  ;  raises  wheat,  corn  and 
stock;  sells  ])roduce  at  home  market;  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
order,  and  in  yjolitics,  a  Democrat. 

Hutson  Martin,  farmer,  sec.  27  ;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  near 
Danville,  A''ermillit»n  county,  111.,  July  \^,  1832,  and  is  a  son  of 
William  and  Seraphina  (Wetherbee)  Martin,  natives  of  Kentucky 
and  New  York  State,  respectively'.  Mr.  Martin's  father,  Hutson 
Martin,  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  probably  of  English  descent,  and 
was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812;  he  died  in  Oregon  in  1859,  whither 
he  had  moved  at  the  age  of  about  70  years.  The  subject  of  this 
notice  obtained  his  education  mostly  in  the  common  schools  of  this 
State.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1856  with  his  stepfather,  Samuel 
Purcell.     July  30,  1851,  he  married  Miss  Lydia  A.  Chamberlain, 

44 


770 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COTNTY 


ft  native  of  Ohio,  and  a  (lauj^hterctf  Aaron  and  luichel  CliainUerlain, 
the  former  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  and  tliev  have  5  ehiUhcn, 
namely,  WiUard  A.,  (tilhert  N.,  Mary  .1..  Delhi  \i.  and  Lydia  A., 
iKJsides  2  deceased.  After  his  marriai;e  Mr.  Martin  rented  land 
iintil  lS5»t,  when  he  j)nrc'hased  a  <;ood  farm  on  sec.  27.  which  now 
consists  of  2S(»  acres,  and  is  «me  of  the  hest  imj>rovcd  farms  in  tlif 
town^hip.  In  jMditics  Mr.  M.  is  u  licpnhlican,  and  dining  the  war 
did  all  he  conld  in  6U))port  of  the  Government.  He  \»  nlsu  a  ]>rac- 
tical  friend  of  c<ln<'ntional  interests.  IIo  is  aUo  a  Freemason. 
We  ^'ive  a  portrait  of  Mr.  .Martin  in  this  work. 

7.  \y.  M'trtin,  farmer,  sec.  2.'>;  was  born  in  N'crmillion  county, 
III.,  May  20,  1833:  came  to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1S45,  settliii^r 
in  this  tj>.,  antl  resitled  here  until  1852,  wlien  ho  went  to  California 
and  remained  then-  2  years;  from  there  tt»  <  )re<;on,  where  he  was 
in  the  Volunteer  service  to  su|»|»reg8  the  Indian  «tuthreak;  was  in 
the  service  7  months;  in  IS.MI  went  to  Texas,  and  in  l^GO  returned 
to  this  cotnity,  where  he  has  since  remained.  Oct.  15,  18(>3,  lie 
nnirrie<l  Mary  .1.  llo-jan;  thev  have  had  on*-  chili),  which  dietl  in 
infancy.  Mr.  M.  has  l»e«'n  Overseer  of  Roads  tor  3  years;  owns 
120  acres  of  land,  worth  alMuit  l^.'iO  per  acre;  sells  liis  produce  at 
lionie;  and  is  a  Ktpuhlican  in  i)ulitic>.      1*.  ().,  Kldara. 

W.  A.  Jfiiffin,  farmer,  was  oorn  in  this  coijnty,  and  is  a  siMi  of 
Ilutson  and  Lydia  (Chamlterlain)  ]^(artin  ;  was  educated  in  the 
common •^chool.  In  I)ee.,  1^7^,  I«e  nmrrit'd  Miss  Kate  Taylor,  and 
they  liavc  one  child,  a  boy.  Mrs.  M.  is  a  memi>cr  of  tlie  Chritttian 
t'luirch,  and  Mr.  M.,  in  politics,  is  a  Republican.  For  a  time  he 
once  clerked  in  a  store  in  rittsfield. 

Jttnus  M.  M<tij8,  farmer,  sec.  24;  owns  187  acres  of  land,  worth 
(.•jO  jHT  acre;  was  lH>rn  in  R«»ss  county,  ().,  Feb.  12,  1830,  and  is  a 
son  t»f  Little  Harry  ami  Mahala  .Mavs,  \m{\\  natives  of  Virtrinia. 
In  1S41>  he  canu-  to  this  county,  and  in  1*^57  he  marrie<l  Sarali  A. 
I'ettv  of  Pike  countv,  Xmtu  in  1>31;  thev  are  the  parents  of  '.♦ 
children, — Mary  J.,  Clara,  Alice,  Amanda,  CharU-y,  Dora,  Lucy, 
Henry  and  James;  the  2  latter  are  deceased.  Mr.  M.'s  father  was 
in  the  war  of  1812.      He  is  a  Democrat. 

Mariah  Jltf/t-r,  I*.  I).,  Kldara;  was  Ix^rn  in  Butler  county,  ()., 
Sept.  2«5,  1^37,  and  aime  to  Illinois  with  her  parents,  Ijel  Stout  and 
Julia  Ann  Stout,  March  17.  1853.  They  settled  on  sec.  28,  this  tp., 
when'  they  have  since  resided.  Her  father  and  mother  still  live 
with  their  daughter,  April  15,  1841».  she  marrie<l  Abraham  Mil- 
ler, who  tiled  in  4  njontlis  and  20  days.  Mrs.  .Miller  owns  SO  acres 
of  land,  worth  $40  per  acre. 

Th^^m^is  ^V.  Moorhead,  physician  and  surgeon,  is  a  native  of 
Ohio,  where  he  was  l>orn  Jan.  14.  1814;  graduated  in  1^48,  and 
commenceil  the  practice  of  medicine  in  this  county  in  ls,51;  cjtme 
to  this  county  in  1852;  lived  in  Pittstield  one  year  and  then  came 
to  Derry;  he  has  160  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  one  lot  with 
dwelling  in  Kldara.  In  1838  he  married  Mary  Janette  Dickey,  a 
native  of  Ohio,  who  died    in    Is.ol;   in    1853   he   married    Jlannah 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  771 

Hulls,  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  born  in  1S27;  they  have  4  children. 
The  doctor  has  an  extensive  practice,  which  is  attended  with  good 
snecess. 

John  Morrisaacij^  farmer,  sec.  5;  P.  O.,  Eldara  and  Pittsfield; 
was  born  in  Ireland,  May  14,  1831;  emigrated  to  America  in  1852; 
first  landed  at  New  Orleans,  then  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  thence  to  Pike 
county.  111.,  residing  near  Pittsfield  26  years;  Sept.  26,  1854,  mar- 
ried Margaret  Helm,  by  whom  he  has  liad  5  children,  all  living, — 
Margaret,  Matthew  J.,  Ellen,  John  and  James.  Mr.  M.  owns  65 
acres  of  land,  worth  ii>l,700. 

J.  J.  Morrow,  farmer  and  blacksmith,  now  engaged  in  butcher- 
ing, was  born  in  Jetferson  county,  Va.,  A])ril  2,  1835;  came  to 
Pleasant  Hill,  this  connty,  March  8,  1865,  and  April  8,  1878, 
removed  to  Eldara,  where  he  now  resides;  w^as  Constable  in  Pleas- 
ant Hill  t]).  4  years;  is  now  Justice  of  the  Peace.  Oct.  25,  1855, 
he  married  Ellen  E.  xMialt,  of  Maryland,  and  2  of  their  3  children 
are  living.  April  26,  1864,  he  married  Nancy  E.  Colvin,  of  Pike 
county.  Mo.,  and  they  have  had  5  children,  2  of  whom  are  dead. 
He  is  a  Mason  and  an  Odd  Fellow. 

D'dlard  P.  Motley,  farmer,  residing  on  the  S.  E.  qr.  of  sec.  16; 
was  born  in  ir*utnam  county,  Ind.,  Oct.  6,  1838;  came  to  this 
conntv  with  his  father,  John  W.  Motlev,  in  1839,  and  has  since 
resided  here.  A])ril  3,  1879,  he  married  Eliza  E.  Diidle}',  daugh- 
ter of  Jesse  and  Elizabeth  Dudley.  He  is  the  owner  of  120  acres 
of  land,  worth  $40  per  acre;  raises  grain  principally;  was  Consta- 
ble in  this  t]).  nearly  4  years,  and  has  filled  other  offices.  In  poli- 
tics he  is  a  Democrat  and  a  strong  partisan.     P.  O.,  Eldara. 

E.  R.  Motley,  farmer,  sec.  21;  P.O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in  this 
county  Feb.  23,  1842,  the  son  of  John  W.  and  Alillie  (Pierce) 
Motley,  natives  of  Kentucky,  and  of  Irish  descent;  receiv^ed  his  ed- 
ucation partly  in  Indiana,  but  mostly  in  this  county.  April  15, 
1866,  he  married  Elizabeth  J.  Gragg,  and  of  their  8  children  6  are 
living.  He  has  resided  at  the  present  ]>lace  all  his  life,  and  as  a 
farmer  has  been  successful,  now  owning  360  acres  of  land,  well  cul- 
tivated and  stocked.  He  excels  in  penmanship,  and  is  a  promi- 
nent Democratic  candidate  for  the  office  of  Circuit  Clerk;  he  has 
taught  school  a  part  of  each  year  for  20  years;  has  been  School 
Director,  Assessor  and  School  Trustee. 

John  Moyer,  farmer  and  blacksmith,  residing  on  sec.  10,  Derry 
tp.;  was  born  in  Orange  county,  Ind.,  Sept.  5,  1828,  and  came  to 
this  county  in  ]\ray,  1839,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Feb.  21, 
1850,  he  married  Sarah  Ann  Benson,  and  their  children  are: 
Albert  Travis,  born  May  31,  1859;  Dimmitt  McNiel,  born  May 
31,  1864,  and  died  Dec.  7,  1865;  and  Mary  Emily  Jane,  born 
March  16,  1867.  He  has  been  School  Director  for  several  years 
and  School  Trustee  for  one  term;  he  is  now  Justice  of  the  Peace; 
also  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order.  He  is  well  versed  in  Masonic 
principles,  especially  in  the  lower  degrees,  having  spent  much  time 


772 


HISTORY    OF    IMKK   CoLNTT. 


L'StOCllUM^ 


tliem  etseMtijil    to   liitrli  moral 


Hiid  fliort  ill  llifir  ptiuly 
attiiimiieiits.      I*.  ().,  Kldara. 

Soloiruni  Jtf"yd/\  tanner,  sec.  0;  I*.  ().,  I^Mara;  was  Imrn  Feb. 
2*2,  1840;  he  is  u  son  of  Moses  an<l  Marllm  (^Hrothers)  Moyer, 
Uec.  24,  l^iW],  he  marrie'l  Emma  J«>hiioM,  a  native  of  tliis  (.•ouiity, 
horn  in  1>»4«J.  Tlicir  chiUlren  are, — Deljtliia  L.,  Muses,  Martha  1 .. 
Parvin.  (Umrles  and  S  It.,  ami  Lucy,  deceased.  Mr  Mover  lias  luld 
the  office  of  School  Trustee  7  years,  of  Collector  5  years.  When  he 
tirst  married  he  had  hut  $15;  he  now  t»wn8  200  acres  ofland,  worth 
$40  |>tr  a(  re.      lie  is  a  Democrat. 

WiUioni  II.  M<>ij<  i\  farmer,  sec.  11  ;  1*.  (),  Kldara;  was  born 
about  three  miles  froni  his  present  residence,  Sept.  6,  1843,  and  is 
the  8on  of  Mosi's  and  Martha  (lirothers^  Moyer,  of  (terman  ances- 
try, the  former  a  native  of  .North  Carolina,  and  the  latter  of  Indi- 
ana; wa-  i-ducatcd  in  the  common  ocIumiIs  of  ihi^  county.  In  1n»53 
ho  marrioil  Caroline  Perslev,  and  the  following  are  their  children: 
William  T.,  horn  Feb.  8,  \'si\h\  Jacob  U.,  Sept.  2.'>,  18(50;  John  C, 
Jan.,  l.sO'J;  Etlul  J.,  March  17.  1871;  and  Orville,  Spt.  21).  1«74. 
Mr.  M.  was  ai^ain  married  April  13,  1878,  to  Kli/.a  Ilillijinl.  and 
they  have  one  chihl.  Martha,  born  April  4,  187U.  Mr.  Moy«'r  lia- 
250  acres  ofland.      Piditically  he  is  a  Democrat. 

Jaeoh  M yrs,  farmer,  was  Itorn  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  April 
11,  1>1S;  came  to  lhi^  county  in  1>."m;  in  August.  Is33.  he  mar- 
ried Hannah  A.  Willianis.  a  native  «if  Ohio,  now  deceased.  Her 
children  were  5  b«ivs  and  5  twirls.  In  August,  1871.  Mr.  Myers 
marrie«l  Drusilla  ^Iummy.  who  was  liorn  in  Ohio  in  1.^37.  Mr. 
M.  enlisted  in  is*;;;,  in  Co.  15,  Mo.  .Mil.Cav.,  and  serve«l  23  montjis. 
U'ing  in  .-everal  hard  lon:rht  battlcp.  Helon^fs  to  .M.  F.  ('hunli. 
and  the  Masonic  onh  : 

JoiM«  II.  Nation^  farmer,  sec.  25;  P.  ().,  Kldara;  was  l>o  rn  in 
Sani^imon  county.  111..  July  17,  1831);  was  raised  on  a  farm  and  had 
liniiteil  eilucntional  a<lvantages.  March  4,  l>5^.  he  c«me  to  thi> 
county  and  settkMl  in  Kinderhook.  where  he  lived  nearly  4  years, 
and  Mj4y  13,  K^Cfl,  remove*!  to  Derry  tp.  He  enlisted  in  the 
army  in  18(;i,  in  Co.  C,  3d  Ke;;.  .Mo,  Cav.,  under  C  d.  Glover; 
wjis  discharged  Dec.  1»»,  l.*>t>4,  at  Si.  Ix)ui<>,  Mo.  Sept.  26,  lsr.7,  he 
married  Lurena  Iloiran,  a  native  td'  Derry  tp.,  and  they  have  2 
living  chililren.  He  owns  40  acres  of  land,  worth  $3'»  j>er  acre;  is 
a  Itepublican. 

Frederick  Oltotra,  c«>roner,  Kldara,  w:is  born  in  Stendal,  Prns 
sia,  July  S,  1820;  came  to  America  July  ♦;,  ls55,  landing  in  New 
York  city ;  in  2  months  from  that  time  he  went  to  Davenport, 
Iowa,  where  he  remained  4  years;  thence  he  remove«l  to  Hannibal, 
Mo.,  ami  in  18»>1  he  came  to  Pike  county,  locating  first  at  Kinder- 
hook,  then  went  to  Parry,  and  tinally  to  where  he  now  resides. 
May  25,  1854,  he  marrietl  Miss  Caroline  Hrandt,  and  they  have 
had  8  children, — Charles  L.  F.,  Lewis,  John,  Joshua,  James,  Car- 
oline and  Anna  Louisa.  Mr.  Ottowa  l)olongs  to  the  Odd  Fellows; 
United  Workmen;  was  elected  Coroner  in  lb7y.     He  and  wife  are 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  773 

members   of    the    M.    E.  Cliurch,    Soutli.      In    ])olitics   he    is   a 
Democrat. 

Thomas  J.  Otonhy  was  born  in  Adair  county,  Kentucky,  Dec. 
10,  1S27;  came  to  this  county  with  his  father,  Thomas  Ownby,  in 
the  fall  of  1828,  and  settled  in  Detroit  tp.,  on  the  farm  owned  by 
Norton  Foreman;  afterward  moved  to  Newburg  tp.,  lived  there 
several  years,  then  went  to  California;  was  ofone  4  years,  then  back 
to  Newburg,  and  immediately  removed  to  Detroit,  where  he  lived 
4  years;  then  to  Derrj'  tp.,  where  he  has  since  resided  on  sec.  9. 
May  22,  1856,  Mr.  Ownby  was  married  to  Falissa  A.,  daughter  of 
Stewart  Lindsay,  and  they  have  had  10  children,  5  of  whom  are 
dead.  Their  names  are, — Emmet,  born  March  25,  185Y,  died 
March  10,  1873;  Clayton,  born  Oct.  5,  1858,  died  Aug.  15,  1859; 
Mary  E.,  born  Oct.  11,  I860;  Stewart,  born  March  9,  1862,  died 
March  7,1879;  Eliza  J.,  born  Mav  10,  1864;  Charles  L.,  born 
Aug.  29,  1867,  died  July  28,  1868]  William  B.,  born  Jan.  27, 
1870;  Oscar  O.,  born  Nov.  3,  1873;  Evelina,  born  March  12,1876, 
died  Dec.  11,  1877.  Mr.  Ownby  commenced  life  in  very  limited 
circumstances,  but  hy  industry  and  economy  has  accumulated  a 
nice  property,  and  is  considered  one  of  the  heavy  property-holders 
•in  the  communit}'.  lie  owns  160  acres  of  land,  worth  $10,000; 
has  tilled  several  important  offices  in  his  tp.,  and  is  an  ardent 
Republican.     P.  ().,  Eldara. 

William  M.  Parker^  farmer,  sec.  31;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in 
Coles  county,  111.,  June  26,  1829;  was  raised  in  Clark  countj'  and 
came  to  Pike  county,  Nov.  6,  1853;  was  married  March  27,  1851, 
to  Sarah  Daughetee,  of  Clark  county.  111.,  who  is  of  Scotch  and 
German  descent;  they  have  had  7  children,  5  of  whom  are  living, 
— Susan  E.,  Amanda  S.,  Mary  Eliza,  AVilliam  D.,  Leven  and 
Orlando.  Both  are  members  of  the  Baptist  Church;  Mr.  P.  was 
Collector  in  his  tp.  in  1869,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

Thomas  TT.  Potter^  farmer,  sec.  29;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in 
AVarren  county,  K3\,  Oct.  8,  1841,  came  to  Adams  county  in 
the  fall  of  1860,  and  to  Pike  in  ]\[arch,  1861,  and  settled  in  l)erry 
tp.,  on  X.  E.  of  sec.  32;  went  to  Kentucky  in  1863  and  returned  in 
the  spring  of  1864;  he  then  removed  to  Arkansas,  lived  there  7 
years,  then  returned  to  Pike,  where  he  now  resides.  June  1,  1865, 
he  married  Catharine  Pryor,  and  their  children  are:  Elizabeth, 
Pleasant  W.^  Anna,  Laura,  Xancy  L.,  Thomas  W.,  Emma  C,  Lucy 
and  Mary.  Mr.  Potter  owns  100  acres  of  land,  worth  $35  per  acre; 
is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church  and  an  Odd  Fellow.  lie  is  a 
Democrat.  His  father,  P.  IL  Potter,  served  as  captain  under 
Gen.  Houston  in  the  Te.\as  war. 

William  H.  PryoVy  fanner,  sec.  19;  a  native  of  Tennessee;  was 
born  Nov.  12,  1832;  came  to  Pike  county  in  the  fall  of  1838  and 
settled  in  Derry  tp.,  and  has  resided  here  ever  since.  Nov.  22, 
1855,  he  married  Susan  E.  Moyer,  and  their  children  are,  Delphina, 
Mary  L.,  Martha  E.,  Henry  D.,  Ollie,  Isaac  and  AVilbert.  Mr. 
Pryor  owns  160  acres  of  land,  worth  $40  per  acre;  is  a  member  of 


74 


HISI»tU\     «H'     I'IKK    COLNIV. 


the  Miisoiiic  L'ul^e  at  EMiitii;  his  wife  is  a  ineniher  of  the  M.  E. 
Church,  South.  He  has  been  Uoail  Overijeer  aiul  ComiMissiouer  for 
3  veart?,  and  Tax  Collector  of  revenue  fi»r  1*^77.  He  ships  his  pro- 
duce to  (^uiiicy.      He  is  a  Deniocnit. 

Jacob  F.  Pitrnley  was  l)orn  March  19,  1831);  :i  native  of  l^ike 
county,  III.;  May  U,  ISfil,  he  was  married  to  CatharineConnors  . 
and  the  mimes  of  their  diihlren  are.  i*hila  June,  Inirn  April  1«'>, 
l.sr.2.  ilied  June  5,  ls63:  Cora  IlelU-.  l»(»ni  in  Dec,  l,s<;3,  and  died 
thefollowinir  Feliruary;  Frank  !>., horn  Dec.  13, 1S04;  SU'phen  Doiij;- 
las,  lK)rn  Jan.  1,  LSG(];  Anna  M.,  horn  .March  15,  1S68,  and  Cora, 
Ixtrn  May  l'5.  1^71.  Mr.  Pursley  has  twice  Ix-en  Path  master  in 
liis  road  district,  and  is  now  School  Direct<»r.  He  has  30()  acres  of 
land  where  lie  lives,  worth  !»;")(»  per  acre,  and  l»;u  acres  in  Iladlev 
tp.,  W(»rth  $4.')  per  acre.   In  p<ditic6  he  isa  Democrat,    1*.  ().,  Ihirry. 

Jithii  Purnlfy^  tanner,  sec.  10;  P.  ().,  Eldara;  owns  200  acres 
of  laml,  worth  )j^40  per  acre;  was  horn  in  Pike  ctmnty.  Mo  . 
May  1,  l*^31;  came  t<<  this  count v  in  the  tail  of  ls3r»,  and  locjited 
where  he  now  resiiles.  His  fatlier,  Jacoh  Pursley,  died  al>out  3 
years  a^o.  His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Jane  D«>novan,  who 
is  now  dead.  He  wjis  married  in  Keh..  is.'il,  to  Charlotte  Sperry. 
They  are  Ixtth  memhers  of  the  Ciiristian  Church,  and  he  has  l>een 
School  Direct<»r  \i\  vears.  The  names  ot  their  livini;  children  are, 
Jennie.  Ethel,  Floyd  and  Eu«:ene.      Mr.  I'urslej  is  a  Democrat. 

Michticl  .S'.  Ii<irtertj,  farmer,  sec.  7;  1*.  ().,  Eldara;  was  horn  in 
Iw4)scommon  county,  Ireland.  July  ♦>.  1S43;  came  to  .\mericain  the 
fall  of  ls.'>*J.  landing  at  New  Orleans;  from  there  t<»  EMara,  where 
he  has  since  resided.  Feh.  16,  1868,  ho  marrie<i  Frances  V.  Land 
rum.  He  owns  ir)0  acres  of  land;  wiu»  in  the  late  war  in  (.At.  A, 
99th  Re^.  I.  V.  I.;  was  wounde<l  at  Nickshurfj.  and  discharged  July 
15,  lsr.4.  .Mr.  and  Mrs.  lijilterv  have  3  children,  naujelv. —  Luada, 
Laura  and  Thomas  Albert.  Mr.  R.  is  a  Democrat,  and  belongs  to 
the  Masonic  Lod;^*. 

Thoiii'iH  Har^enj  reside-,  ou  tiie  nortliwe.-^t  ouarter  of  sec.  ft;  was 
born  in  Martin's  I'own,  Kose<imtnon  Parish,  Ireland.  Jan.  0,  isi.'i; 
came  to  America  Jjine  24,  is.'il,  landing  at  New  Orleans  ;  from 
there  he  followed  the  Mississippi  river  to  St.  Louis,  M<».,  and  from 
there  io  I.Kjuisiana.  Pike  county.  Mo.,  thence  to  Pike  c<Minty,  III.. 
where  lie  willed  permanently  on  sec.  ^.  Three  years  after  he  re 
turned  to  Ireland  and  brought  his  family  to  his  new  home.  Feb. 
4,  1840,  he  married  Itridget  lydtus.  Both  are  members  of  the 
Catholic  Church.  Their  living  children  are  Catharine,  Mary, 
Miclnie!.  Margaret  and  Thomas.  Mr.  II.  owns  100  acres  of  land. 
worth  |>3o  |»er  acre.     P.  O.,  Eldara. 

B'  njamin  Sigsworth  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born 
in  Yorkshire,  Eug.,  April  25,  1827;  at  the  age  of  three  years  came 
to  Loniin  County,  O.,  with  l»is  parents,  and  when  he  was  8  years 
old  they  moved  to  LaSalle  county.  III.,  and  the  ne.xt  year  to  Pike 
connty.  His  father's  name  was  Joseph,  his  mothers  Ann  Sigs- 
worth,  ;{^0 Coleman.     Jan.  28,  1858,  he  married  Sarah  A.  Badgk\ , 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  776 

and  they  have  had  6  children,  2  of  whom  are  liviiifij  ;  Sierra 
Nevada,  Benjamin,  John  B.,  Joseph,  Ann  Loretta  and  an  inf^mt. 
Mr.  S.  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Lod^^e;  owns  470  acres  of  hind, 
worth  $12,000,  and  sells  his  produce  at  home.  lie  was  in  Califor- 
nia 3  years.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  Mr. 
S.  is  a    Ile|)ublican. 

John  Stoat^  farmer,  sec.  26;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in  Butler 
county,  Ohio.  In  1852  came  to  this  county  and  settled  in  Derry 
tp.  Sept.  13,  1S63,  lie'married  Nancy  Iloskin  of  Pike  count}-,  and 
their  children  are, — Mary,  born  Aug.  12,  1864;  Andrew  W.,  born 
Jan,  15,  1866;  Julia  A.,  born  July  26,  1867;  Aaron,  born  Aug.  1, 
1870;  Otis  and  Oren,  born  April  26,  1876.  Mr.  Stout  owns  80 
acres  of  land,  worth  $40  per  acre.  lie  lives  on  the  public  road 
leading  from  Pittsfield  to  llockport.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

Joseph  H.  Struhiugei%  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born 
in  Delaware,  Aug.  26,  1835,  and  is  a  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary 
(Clark)  Strubinger;  father  a  native  of  Holland,  Germany,  and  mother 
of  Delaware;  he  was  brought  by  his  parents  to  this  place  in  1838, 
whei-e  he  has  received  his  education.  In  1858  he  married  Lucj'  C. 
Pryor,  and  his  children  are, — Henrv  J.,  born  June  30,  1859;  Wil- 
liam A.,  Nov.  7,  1860;  and  MaryJ  Oct.  22,  1802.  Mrs.  S.  was  a 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Churcli,  and  died  Nov.  27,  1878.  Mr.  S.'s 
daughter  now  keeps  house  for  him.  As  a  farmer  he  has  been  suc- 
cessful, now  owning  268  acres  of  first-class  land.  His  residence 
cost  about  $4,500.  He  has  been  School  Director,  School  Trustee, 
and  Road  Commissioner  12  3'ears.     In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

Thomas  ClarJc  /S^^rwim^dr,  whose  portrait  is  given  in  this  volume, 
was  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  March  19,  1834;  his  parents  were 
Joseph  and  Mary  (Clark)  Strubinger,  the  first  a  native  of  Holland. 
They  arrived  in  Pike  county  April  17,  1838,  settling  on  the  south- 
east quarter  of  sec.  22,  Derry  tp.,  where  he  resided  for  many  years, 
and  which  he  owned  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  a  prominent 
farmer,  owning  520  acres  of  land,  all  of  which,  except  80  acres,  came 
into  his  possession  in  a  perfectly  wild  state;  he  put  under^cultiva- 
tion  the  whole  of  it.  He  left  a  family  of  6  children, — Michael, 
Thomas  C,  Joseph  II.,  Elizabeth,  Mary  and  Harriet,  all  living  ex- 
cept Elizabeth.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  Dec.  14, 
1862,  to  Sarah  A.,  daughter  of  Adley  and  Nancy  Ilogan,  natives 
of  Kentucky,  and  old  settlers  in  this  county ;  Mr.  II.  is  now  deceased. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  have  had  9  children,  6  of  whom  are  living,  as  fol- 
lows: a  babe,  born  and  died,  Aug.  22,  1863;  Tillie  M.,  born  Nov. 
13,  1864;  John  O.,  Sept.  12,  1866  ;  Edwin  Thomas,  March  14,1868; 
Henry  W.,  March  10,  1870,  and  died  Oct.  20,  1872^  Cora  C,  born 
April  30,  1873;  Lillie  J.,  March  12,  1875,  and  died  Aug.  2,  follow- 
ing ;  Mary  E.,  born  A])ril  23,  ls76,  and  Burt  F.,  Oct.  25,  1877. 

Mr.  S.  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  common  log  school- 
house,  and  spent  his  early  years  on  his  father's  farm.  At  the  age 
of  25  he  bought  40  acres  of  land,  being  a  part  of  the  place  where  he 
now  resides,  sec.  34.     The  home  farm  at  present  consists  of  80  acres. 


77(J 


HISTORY    OF    IMKK    COTNTY, 


ii|)oii  which  fire  the  tiuest  t'lirin  rositleuce  untl  iinprovements  in  this 
county.  lie  owns  ."isO  acres  ot'  hiiul  in  the  cuiinty,  and  i8  one  of  the 
solid  representative  farincrs.  ( >n  an  annual  avcraife  lie  raises  75 
acres  of  wlii*at,  H)  of  corn,  and  raised  con8i<lerai)le  stock.  He  has 
had  more  than  avera^'  success.  He  is  a  Democrat,  hut  does  not 
take  a  very  active  part  in  j)olitics. 

M/'f>.  ./ant  Ttiyl^tr,  farmer,  sec.  27;  1*.  n.,  KIdara;  was  horn  in 
Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  in  181S;  she  remained  with  her  parents 
tintil  1838.  when  she  married  Simon  U.  Taylor,  and  in  April,  1S39, 
they  came  to  this  county  atid  settled  on  the  place  where  Mrs,  'lay 
lor  now  resides.  Mr.  Taylor  was  a  wa<:on maker  hy  trade,  and 
w«>rked  at  that  husiness  f«»r  several  years  after  he  came  to  this  State; 
but  for  ten  years  previous  to  his  death  he  «^ivo  his  attention  ex- 
clu-ively  to  farming.  Hedied  in  lS07,leavin^4  cliildren. — William, 
horn  .May  1.  1S40;  Mary,  horn  Anp  '21,  1841;  lletiry,  horn  July 
3,  ls4;5;  Lucy,  horn  Mav  3(>.  IS."*!),  and  an  infant,  horn  N(»v.  21, 
185S,  »oon  decease*!.  Nfrs.  Taylor  owns  80  acres  of  land  worth  $50 
per  acre. 

T.  li.  Tot/lor,  farmer,  owns  Ijo  ncns  of  land;  was  horn  Feh.  7, 
1S34.  in  this  county;  wa*.  married  Aiij;.  4.  I'*.'i4,  to  Ahij^ail  Lee,  a 
native  of  Ohio,  born  Juno  13,  1831.  They  are  the  parents  of  8 
children,  6  livinjr.     Mr.  T.  is  a  prosi»crous  farmer. 

]\'i'/h'am  K  T>nfh>i\  farnu-r,  n'si«les  iit  Kldaru;  wa>  horn  in  this 
tj>.  .Mays,  Is  Jo;  ha^  always  live<l  here;  wiu»  raised  on  a  hirm,  and 
June  I,  isr.^.  was  married  to ('arolino  Stout;  they  have  thret*  chil- 
dren, namely,  Dora,  John  and  Ix»wi*.  Mr.  T.  is  a  member  of  the 
Otld  Felli>w  and  Masotiic  1  ,  owtic  3r»  acres  of  land,  worth  !?25 

per  acre;  has  U-en  t'onMni-r,..i,.  r  of  Highways  and  Uoad  Overseer, 
and  in  politics  is  a  liejiiihlican.  His  brother  Hetiry  was  in  the 
late  war  in  the  2sth  Kejj.  L  V.  I. 

li'^e-rt  C.  Tev}pl*\  farmer,  n*sides  on  tiie  went  ^  of  the  N.  Iv 
•  jr.  of  sec.  3;  was  Inirn  in  Clermont  county,  (  Hiit»,  Si'pt.  4,  1n21; 
c«n>e  to  this  county  in  March.  Is54.  and  settled  near  the  town  of 
Perry  apd  lived  there  7  years  ;  then  to  DeWitt  county  2  vears  ;  to 
Perry  ajjain  for  3  years;  then  l>ouj;ht  the  farm  u|>on  whicli  he  now 
resides.  There  an*  !♦«'.  acres,  worth  $50  per  acre.  Oct.  5,  1843.  he 
married  Adeline  Fisher,  a  niece  of  James  Ward,  of  (iri^^sville,  ex- 
County  Jud^«  of  Pike  county.  They  have  had  0  children, —  Lucy 
A.,  born  Sept.  4,  1n44;  I>conidas  C,  born  April  2L  ls46,  and  died 
Nov.  11,  ls73;  Sarah  Alice,  born  Oct.  24,  1S47;  Lizzie  A.,  born 
Dec.  22.  1850,  and  ,lied  Feb.  11.  ls.^,3;  James  K.,  l>orn  Jan.  2.  1854, 
and  Tiiomos  IL,  Jan.  2'.».  1>57.  Mr.  Temple  ha.s  IxH-n  an  Odd  Fel- 
low for  t»ver  30  years.  He  tilled  acceptably  several  tp.  offices;  has 
l>ecn  an  ardent  Democrat,  but  is  now  a  zealous  On-etibacker.  In 
reliirion  he  believe?  in  the  final  restoration  of  all  mankind.  P.  O  . 
Barry. 

Samttd  C.  Thomas,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born  in 
Derry  tp.,  Dec.  2,  1842;  his  father's  name  was  Samuel  F..  and  his 
mother's   Elizabeth  Thomas,  n«<!  Wells.     April   10,  1S64,  he  was 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  777 

married,  and  lie  has  Imd  9  cliildren,  8  of  wlioin  are  living,  namely: 
Martha  Ann,  John  C,  Susan  F.,  Laura  Alice,  Charles  A.,  Harry 
E.,  Osa  May  and  Samuel  C.  Mr.  T's  uncle,  John  Wells,  was  in 
the  war  of  1812.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

Franklin  Tittsioorth  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  13,  and  his  P.  C).  ad- 
dress  is  Eldara. 

Tfiomas  J.  Tittsvorih,  farmer,  sec.  19;  was  born  Aug.  19,  1S55, 
in  Pleasant  Vale  tp.,  Pike  county,  and  has  lived  here  ever  since; 
was  married  Jan.  15,  IS74:.  to  Miss  Jane  Fesler,  and  they  have  one 
child,  Addie,  born  July  30,  1876.  Mrs.  T.  is  a  daughter  of  Jacob 
Fesler.  Her  2  uncles,  Jacob  and  John  Browning,  wore  both  killed 
in  the  late  war.  Mr.  T.  raises  corn,  wheat  and  stock,  and  sells  at 
home  market.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

Charles  B.  Trontwine,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born 
in  Germany,  Fel>.  17,  1832;  came  to  America  in  1841,  and  to  this 
county  in  1852;  has  lived  in  this  tp.  since  the  soring  of  1853;  Oct. 
1,  1854,  he  married  Lucinda  Moyer,  and  they  have  had  9  children; 
their  names  are,  Louisa  J.,  Martha  E.,  Austin  B.,  William  H., 
Charles  Wesley,  Marvin  V.,  Frederick  A.,  Harry  and  Moses.  Mr. 
T.  owns  160  acres  of  land,  worth  $40  per  acre.  He  is  a  Democrat, 
and  his  wife  is  a  Southern  Methodist.  • 

Frederick  Troutwine,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  O.,  Eldara;  was  born 
in  the  Kingdom  of  Wurtemburg,  Germany,  July  15,  1829;  came 
to  America  in  1841  and  settled  in  Clinton  county,  Ohio;  lived  there 
until  1852.  and  then  removed  to  Pike  county,  111.;  was  married  in 
March,  1855,  to  Julia  Ann  Moyer,  who  was  born  in  Orange  county, 
Indiana.  Their  3  children  are:  John  H.,  born  March  28,  1856; 
Solomon  J.,  born  Feb.  11,  1860;  Albert  M.,  born  March  6,  1^64. 
Mr.  T.  owns  240  acres  of  land.  He  is  a  Douglas  Democrat.  He 
and  wife  are  Methodists. 

Moses  Wagoner  v;-A%  born  in  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Aug.  22, 
1815;  came  to  Pike  county,  111.,  in  1849;  April  7,  1855,  was  mar- 
ried to  Martha'J.  Duland,  and  they  have  one  child,  AVilliam  Henry, 
born  Aug.  14,  1853.  Mr.  Wagoner  is  the  owner  of  110  acres  of 
land,  worth  $50  per  acre,  which  he  desires  to  sell,  owing  to  ill 
health.  It  is  an  extra  good  wheat  farm;  Mr.  W.  cut  and  harvested 
from  26  acres  800  bushels  of  M'heat,  and  raised  80  bushels  of  corn 
to  the  acre,  in  the  year  1879.  There  is  situated  upon  the  farm  an 
elegant  two-story  frame  dwelling;  good  barn,  stables  and  other 
buildings,  stock,  wells  and  springs.  In  politics,  a  Kepublican.  P.  O., 
Barry . 

Job  S.  Ware^  harness-maker,  Eldara;  was  born  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia,  Aug.  28,  1830;  came  to  this  county  in  1838;  learned 
his  trade  at  Barry;  was  married  Oct.  10,  1852,  to  Sarah  Robertson; 
they  are  both  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Their  living  chil- 
dren are:  Ida  Belle,  Lillie  G.,  William  I.,  Gertrude,  Harry  and 
Charles.  His  grandfather,  John  Hughs,  was  in  the  war  of  1812. 
He  is  a  Democrat. 


i  t 


HISToKV    <>K    l-IKK    COUNTY. 


James  II.  Wassell,  fanner,  sec.  33;  is  a  native  of  Derry  tp.,  born 
March  4,  1854;  was  raised  on  a  farm  an<i  lia«l  limited  ad  van  tiii^es  for 
education.  Ilisfatlicr.  Uohcrt  Wasstrll,  die»l  when  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  hut  3  years  ot'  a^e.  Nov.  7,  ls7<),  lie  married  May 
Tipler,  and  they  have  had  one  chihi,  Anna,  l>orn  Oct.  IS,  1877. 
He  is  a  member  of  tlie  Odd  Ktdh)ws  Lo«l;re  at  Khhira.  Disposes  of 
his  ]>riMluce  at  home  njarkcl.      P.  (>.,   Kldara. 

Isaac  y.  Williamtt,  farmer,  sec.  31;  was  born  June  I 'J,  I^^TjI; 
was  raised  a  farmer;  Jan.  13.  iS7»5,  was  married  to  Kliza  Ann  Moore 
of  this  c<^^)unty,  and  they  have  2  chihlren,  James  Henry  ami  Stephen 
U.  Mr.  W.  lias  had  <;ood  educational  advantages,  and  in  |)olitie8 
18  a  Democrat.      P.  ().,  Kldara. 

Stt'vhen   li.  WHluniis.     The  tir»t  of  this  man's  ancestors   who 
RCttled  in  America   came  from    Wales  )>rovioii6  to  the  Revolution, 
and  settled  in    Maryland;  his  name  was  Kdward   Williams,  and  he 
served  un<ler  Wai^hinijton  in   the  war,  at   the  clone  of  which  he  re- 
moved to  Ohio  county,   Kentucky,  a  ^ecti^»n  «>f  country   then  per 
fectly  wild,sava^  Indians  and  ferocious  bea><ts  iitddin;;  almost  vmw- 
plete  sway.     He  was  a   farmer  by  occupation,  and   died    in    that 
ciMinty,  leavinj;  x  children,  one  ot   whom,  Stephen,  was  the  yrand 
father  of  the  subject«tf  this  bioj^niphical  notice.     He  was  ai  iJaplist 
minister  for  over  50  years,   preaching   in    Kentuck\",   Illinois  and 
Iowa.      He  die<l   in  JeH*ers<»n  'county  about    lS<5s,    leaving  also  a 
family  of  S  children,  the  ehh>t   of  wh<»m,    Isaac,   was   the  father  of 
Stephen  K.      lie  wah   Immii  in   Kentucky   in  1>00,   and   in  January, 
1S1!»,  nnirried  Sarah  Ctdeman,  a  dau;;hter  of    Henry   (Joleman,  of 
Ohio  county,  Ky.,  whose  father  was  a  Oerman  and  an  early  settler 
of  Kentucky.     Of  this  marriage  were   13  children,  of  whom  9  are 
•living;,  the  eldest  of  whom  is  Stephen   K..  who   wji.s    bitrn  Nov.  12, 
ls20,  in  Ohio  C4»unty,  Ky.     His  early  life  was  passed  on  his  father's 
farm  in  White  county.  111.,  whither  his  father  ha<l  moved  when  his 
Bon  was  but  2  years  of  a^».      Here  also   he  obtaine<l  his  e<iucation 
in  the  ohl- fashioned    loir  s«'hoid-house,    with   a  w  inlow  of  ;;reased 
paper  where  a  lo^  had  been  taken  out  tor  the  purpo.se;  indeed,  Mr. 
W.  never  went  to  school  where  glass  windows  were  used.    June  22, 
1M37,  he  married   Miss  Nancy   J.   Funkhouser,  daui^hter  of  Isaac 
Funkliouser,  in   White  county.    111.,  and  3  children   were    born    to 
them  in  that  county,  namely,  Sarah,  Virgil  ami  William.      In  1x44 
he  moved  with  his  family  to  this  county,  settling  in  I'ittsfield  tp.. 
where  he  commencetl  farming.      His  land  title  not  being  jjcrfect, 
he  returned  his  claim  to  the  seller  in  ls4(},  and  removed  into  Derry 
townshi}>,  where  he   rented   farms   for  several  years.      In  l*^52  he 
bought  the  Southeast  quarter  of  sec.   32,  this   tp.,  which  place  was 
slii;htlv  improve«l,  having  on   it  a  lojj  house.     The  same   vear  he 
moved  his  taujily  here.     He  has   since  ptJt  under  fine  cultivation 
about  100  acres  at  this  place.      Here  he  lived  about  14  years, when 
he  mi»ved  to  a  larm  which  he  bought,  the  southwest  <juarter  of  sec. 
31,  this  tp.,  where  he  is  still  residing. 

In  1842  Mr.  Williams  joined  the  Primitive   Baptist  Church,  of 


HI6TOUV    (»F    PIKE    COUNTV.  779 

which  he  hus  ever  since  been  a  iiieuiber.  II(i  is  a  man  ot"  deep 
convictions,  and  has  believed  it  his  duty  to  take  a  public  and  active 
part  in  the  cause  ot"  the  Church.  Ilis  public  efforts  caused  his 
brethren  to  induce  him  to  become  a  regular  preacher,  and  with 
some  reluctance  he  complied  with  their  wishes,  and  was  ordained 
after  about  two  years'  preachiiif^.  He  has  now  served  in  that  capac- 
ity 22  years.  He  has  never  preached  tor  a  salary.  He  has  preached 
at  the  re<;ular  annual  and  monthly  meetini^s  in  Missouri  and  Iowa, 
besides  this  State. 

At  present  he  owns  515  acres  of  land  in  this  tp.,  and  80  acres  in 
tp.  6  s.,  6  w.  He  has  4  children  living,  2  boys  and  2  girls.  Wm. 
D.  married  Angeline  IMoore,  and  lives  on  one  of  his  fatlier's  farms, 
on  sec.  32;  Isaac  married  Eliza  Jane  Muore,  and  lives  on  sec.  30, 
his  father's  farm  of  200  acres;  Sarah  married  Benj.  House  and 
lives  in  Atlas  tp.;  Fanny  married  Charles  Drummond,  and  resides 
on  the  home  place.  lie  has  had  S  other  children,  who  have  deceased, 
namely,  Mar}-,  who  died  after  she  was  a  married  woman;  Henry, 
who  died  at  the  age  of  17;  Lucy  Ann -and  Martin,  who  died  very 
young,  and  3  others  died  in  infancy.  Although  Mr.  Williams  is 
interested  in  political  matters,  he  has  not  taken  a  very  active  and 
prominent  ])art.  He  is  a  Democi-at,  has  been  Collector,  Conimi- 
sioner.  Township  Trustee,  etc.  It  is  claimed  that  the  first  person 
ever  baptized  by  the  Green  river  (Ky.)  waters  was  Mrs.  Williams' 
great-grandmother  on  her  mother's  side.  Mr.  Williams'  postoffice 
address  is  Eldara.  His  portrait  is  given  in  this  book,  and  can  be 
found  by  reference  to  the  table  of  contents. 

II.  R.  Wood.,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  29;  V.  ().,  Eldara; 
owns  22  acres,  worth  $40  per  acre;  was  born  in  Penn.,  Sept.  30, 
1825;  came  to  this  State  in  the  fall  of  1838,  settling  in  Morgan 
county,  where  he  remained  2  years,  thence  to  Pittsfield  until  1854, 
then  settled  in  Derry;  went  to  California  in  1849  and  retui-ned  in 
1852;  was  married  in  Missouri  in  1855  to  Lorinda  Yale,  who  w^as 
born  in  Missouri  and  died  in  1860.  They  had  2  children,  William 
and  Luella.  In  ]May,  1873,  he  married  Sarah  Shinn,  burn  Jan.  25, 
1849.  In  addition  to  farming,  Mr.  W,  raises  and  handles  young 
stock  to  some  extent. 

Theodore  Wood,  grocer  and  confectioner  at  Eldara,  was  born  in 
Illinois,  Xov.  27,  1854;  was  married  in  this  county  to  Josephine 
Taylor,  a  native  of  this  county,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  5  chil- 
dren,— 4  living.  Mr.  W.  owns  one  lot  with  dwelling,  and  in  his 
line  of  business  is  doing  well.      In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

Lewis  jS .  Worshatn,  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Illinois,  and  was  born 
Jan.  ]5, 1830;  was  married  Oct.  26,  1862,  to  Cynthia  Williams,  also 
a  native  of  Illinois,  born  Aug.  11,  1840.  They  are  the  j^arents  of 
4  children:  Laura,  Oren,  and  2  infants,  deceased.  Mr.  \V.  owns 
183  acres  of  land,  worth  $50  per  acre. 


ATLAS  ToWNSim» 

This  to\vr)glii|»  is  the  sceiie  of  the  more  iin|KirtHiit  early  history 
of  the  ctjiinty.  For  eoine  yenrs  hero  waj*  situated  tlie  seat  of  empire, 
at*  it  were,  tlir  inetrojmlig  of  a  vast  re«jit»n.  Here  was  not  only  tlie 
iMisiiic'T'S  center,  hut  the  social.  reli;;iotis.  and  jMtlitical  head(juartcrs 
of  a  scctiorj  of  Country  rn>w  <'ont;iinin«;  many  thousands  of  people, 
and  millions  of  wealth.  N'irtually,  tlie  first  few  chapters  in  this 
bi>ok  is  a  history  of  this  township,  an(i  tlierefore  it  will  not  l>e 
expected  that  we  should  repeat  what  we  have  already  recorded,  al- 
tln»u:;h  much  «>f  it  i-»  ••^^entially  I.i.';il.-..r  tuviiHliip  and  village 
history. 

According  to  the  ;^neral  order  we  have  adopted  in  writing  these 
sketches,  we  will  opeak  of  the  earliest  hcttlers  first.  Th»'  first  legi- 
timate settler  of  the  county  I  'cated  in  this  township.  'I'Im*  j)erson 
to  wlu)so  memory  this  honor  is  due,  was  Khenezer  Franklin.  He 
came  in  .Marcli,  1^20.  and  first  h»cate<l  on  sec.  27,  near  where 
the  town  of  Atlas  n«nv  is.  He  hroui^lit  his  family  and  for  a  time 
dwelt  in  a  tent.  T!ien  catne  in  Daniel  Shinn,  who  U'cainc  his 
nei<^hlH)r,  and  like  him  pitchiNj  his  tent,  and  in  it  lived  until  May. 
At  that  time  both  these  sturdy  pioneers  erecte<l  rude  hjf^cahins  on 
sec.  22,  and  alM)ut  threc-fyurths  of  a  mile  from  Atlas. 

The  same  year  another  prominent  family  arrived  at  Atlas,  or 
rather  uixm  the  site  of  Atlas,  for  of  course  tliere  was  no  town  there 
then.  The  family  we  refer  to  was  the  Iloss  family,  consisting  of 
i\>\.  William  Ross,  Captain  lA'ominl  Iloss,  Dr.  Henry  J.  II^)Sb,  and 
Clareniion  Ilos«.  Tlu'se  were  marrii^l  men  and  hroutrht  their  fami- 
lies with  them.  They  came  from  Pittstield.  Mjiss.,  and  of  c^uirse 
durinir  the  existinjj  modes  of  travel  in  those  pioneer  titnes  they 
had  a  hard,  te<iious  journey.  They  were  ail  tired  out  when  they 
arrived  at  the  spot,  on  sec.  27,  that  they  were  to  call  home. 
The  countrv  in  its  vir«rin  state  was  beautiful  to  behold,  but  so  far 
in  the  wihlerness  was  it  that  it  must  have  been  lonely  indeed  to 
them.  However,  they  were  glad  to  get  to  their  journey's  end,  and 
one  of  the  ]>arty  exclaimeil.  as  tradition  has  it,  that  they  had  reached 
home  "  at  last.''  fn»m  which  the  town,  and  latterly  the  township 
was  named. 

After  the  Rosses,  of  whom  we  speak  in  the  first  chapter  of  this 
volume  at  greater   length,  came  James   M.  Seeley,  who  played   an 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  Tbl 

iuij)ort;int  and  honortible  part  in  the  early  history  of  tlie  county. 
Then  came  Levi  Newman  and  Charles  McGiffin,  who  kept  a  terry 
across  the  Mississippi  at  Louisiana,  John  and  Jeremiah  Ross, 
Rufus  Brown,  John  Wood  and  AVillard  Keyes.  Brown  kept  a 
tavern  in  Atlas  for  a  time,  i)ut  he,  with  these  two  Rosses,  and 
Wood  and  Keyes,  moved  to  Adams  county  and  became  prominent 
in  the  affairs  of  that  community.  Then  came  Joseph  Petty,  John 
M.  Smith,  Deacon  Snow,  J)aniel  Husong,  Dexter  Wheelock,  wlio 
kept  store  and  hotel  at  Atlas  for  a  time,  and  a  few  others. 

Amono'  a  few  others  of  the  leadins'  Hrst  settlers  of  Atlas  we  will 
mention  Col.  Benj.  Barney,  Henry  Long,  Stephen  R.  Watson, 
Benjamin  D.  Brown,  James  Ross,  etc.  As  many  of  the  early  piL 
grims  to  Atlas  were  scattered  in  various  parts  of  the  county  when 
the  county-seat  was  moved  from  there,  and  as  a  half  century  has 
almost  elapsed  since  the  village  of  Atlas  began  to  wane,  we  lind  it 
impossible  to  get  anything  like  a  full  and  authentic  list  of  the  tirst 
settlers  here.  It  is  true  there  are  many  of  the  descendants  of  the 
early  pioneers  now  living  in  this  township,  but  of  these  we  s])eak 
among  the  personal  sketches  given  below. 

In  iS'i-i  the  public  buildings,  which  had  previously  been  at 
Cole's  Grove,  now  Calhoun  county,  were  moved  to  Atlas.  During 
the  following  decade  it  was  a  busy  commercial  center  and  had  great 
promise  of  becoming  the  most  important  town  in  this  section. 
At  one.  time  it  was  thought  that  it  would  eclipse  Quinc\',  but 
when,  in  183;-^,  the  county-seat  was  removed  to  Pittsiield,  it  suf- 
fered materially.  Indeed,  the  town  has  never  since  assumed  any 
prominence,  but  declined,  until  now  there  is  only  a  postoffice,  gen- 
eral store  and  a  blacksmith  shop  located  here.  At  that  time  the  more 
prominent  settlers  followed  the  public  buildings  to  Pittsiield,  and 
made  that  the  metropolis  of  the  county. 

The  first  death  to  occur  in  Atlas  township  was  that  of  Mr.  Hu- 
song.  Tlie  first  child  born  was  Nancy  Ross,  daughter  of  Col.  Wil- 
liam Ross.  The  first  male  child  was  Marcellus  Ross,  who  now  resides 
in  Pittstield.  Some  say,  however,  that  a  son  was  born  to  Ebenezer 
Franklin  prior  to  this,  and  others  that  a  child  of  John  M.  Smith's 
was  the  first  one  born.  The  first  parties  married  in  the  township 
were  Daniel  Barney  and  Miss  A.  L.  Ilusong.  The  first  sermon 
was  preached  by  the  celebrated  Lorenzo  Dow,  in  the  old  court- 
house, in  1826.  The  first  school-house  was  erected  the  same  year 
upon  sec.  20. 

Before  Ross  township  was  cut  off  from  Atlas,  which  was  done 
in  1879,  it  was  by  far  the  largest  township  in  the  county.  It  then 
embraced  the  whole  of  one  and  parts  of  three  Congressional  town- 
shi)>s.  Much  of  it,  however,  M-as  bottom  land,  and  valueless  for 
cultivation  until  the  erection  of  the  great  Sny  Carte  levee.  This 
public  enterprise  has  redeemed  many  entire  sections  of  fine  land 
in  Atlas.  At  one  time  the  Sny  Carte  sloufjh  was  so  high  that 
Col.  Ross  was  enabled  to  run  a  boat  up  to  Atlas.  This  is  what  is 
termed  a  timbered   township,  but   is  well   settled   and   improved. 


7^'2  HI*iT«>KY    OK    IMKK    COUNTY. 

llcro  \vi'  find  some  of  tiu-  tiiu-.-i  larms  in  tlu'coiintv.  Tin-  (Jiiiiicv, 
Alton  un<l  St.  Louie  Il;iilro!ul  pai.sties  throij<;li  tlie  townsliip  from 
luirtliwest  to  soutlirat^t. 

Tlieri'  iiro  in  tliis  township  tlirtu.' villn^tv*,  Jill  Kniiili,  hut  pleiisHut- 
l}-  located.  Thry  ure  Ail.i^,  U-n-kport  iind  Summer  lliU.  The 
former  town  whs  hiid  out  in  1S23  hy  William  Itosg  am)  Kufus 
Hrown.  It  was  the  fire.t  tovm  laid  oiY  \u  the  county,  and  for  a  time 
tirst  in  point  of  eomnurcial  udvanta;.;e8.  We  have  8p^»ken  of  the 
villa;^^*  "o  often,  Imwever.  that  anvthinj^  we  mi:;ht  now  say  W(»uld 
merely  lie  re|>etition.  W<'  therefore  will  refer  the  reader  to  the 
Hr>t  enaplers  and  the  liistory  of  the  ii»wnship  tjiven  alnjve. 

Hurin^  the  prent  spei'ulative  exciteujent  «»f  ls.'i«J  and  the  t'ew 
Ruhsequetit  years,  towns  were  projecte*!  all  ttver  the  Slate.  Duriiii^ 
the  former  year  there  were  alHUit  a  doxen  towns  laid  out  in  I'ike 
county,  amonj;  which  w»w  Ilttckport.  It  had  e.xcellent  millin«^ 
facilitiefs.  anil  a  project  to  erect  a  jjristinill,  then  «jreatly  needed  in 
the  county,  was  set  on  foot  hy  I^l^.H,  Scott  &  Co.  Ahi>ul  1^28  a 
saw-mill  was  erected  at  this  jMiijit  upon  the  Sny  Carte,  on  the 
southwest  «juarter  of  8CC.  17.  Later,  alx»ut  1S30,  John  Warhurton 
ereetefl  a  fiouriniT  niill  "'  l'"'  wime  site.  Thii*  mill  was  destroved 
l»y  tin*  in  1n4«».  Duriiitj  that  an«l  the  following  year  another  mill 
was  erecte«|  upon  the  site  of  the  former.  This  mill  was  conducte«l 
Buccessfully,  and  wjis  a  ^reat  convenience  to  the  settlers  until  1853, 
when  it  shared  the  fate  of  the  former  and  werjt  up  in  the  fiameg. 
I'lidauntiMl.  however,  its  pniprietors  sot  alnMit  to  j-rect  another, 
which  was  done  in  1*«!)6.  This  mill  was  run  for  12  years,  when  it 
was  hurne<l.  In  1867-8  Shaw  iV:  Ku|>ert  huilt  a  fourth  mill  at  thift 
pt>int,  with  a  capacity  of  300  harrcls  a  day.  It  will  lie  seen  that 
this  has  heen  one  «»f  the  ;;reatest  milling  |K>ints  in  this  sectittn. 
UockjHjrt  took  iVom  Atlas  ahout  all  of  the  husinens  that  wax  left  it 
after  the  removal  of  the  countyueat  to  Pittstield.  The  town  was 
laid  out  on  the  luost  appr<ive<i  plan  for  a  city  of  no  mean  dimensions. 
F«>r  a  time  it  jrrew  rapidly  and  -j  •••at  promise  to  its  founders, 

but  the  financial  crjtsh  which  l.,.  ■..»-!  the  sjn-cuhitive  ]»eriod  pI- 
m»»8t  completely  slopj>ed  immi<^nition  to  the  Slate  for  a  few  years, 
and  all  of  the  new  towns  suftered  materially. 

U«»<*kport  is  h»cateti  on  sees.  17,  18  and  20,  on  the  Sny  Carte, 
and  contains  several  stores,  and  tnms.'icis  a  jjood  trade  in  a  local 
way.      It  is  siluate<l  on  the  Quin<*y,  Alton  cV  St.  I/<juis  Itailway. 

The  villatje  of  Summer  Hill,  which  is  located  on  sec.  13  of  this 
townshij),  was  laid  out  March  11,  1845,  by  Lyman  Sc<jtt.  It  is 
situateil  in  the  midst  of  a  beautiful  and  fertile  section  of  crjuntrv. 
It  is?  a  very  ple:u>ant  country  town,  containing  two  nice  churches, 
two  or  three  stores,  post4itiice,  etc. 

Summer  Hill  Congregational  Church.  The  Congregational 
Church  of  Summer  Hill  was  organized  hy  Itev.  Asa  Turner  at  Atlas 
in  Nov  .  Is;]4,  under  the  name  of  the  Rock p<jrt  and  Atlas  Congrega- 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  783 

tional  Chnrch.  Preacliing  services  were  held  at  Rockport,  Atlas,  and 
later  at  Snininer  Hill.  Gradualh-,  as  the  settlements  extended  hack 
froin  the  Mississippi  river,'the  Church  members  hecaine  located  mure 
and  more  at  Summer  Hill,  until  the  Church  had  migrated  from 
Rockport  and  Atlas  to  Summer  Hill.  This  change  was  gradual, 
extending  through  a  number  of  years.  The  present  church  building 
at  Summer  Hill  was  completed  about  1S56. 

This  Ciiurch  has  always  held  a  form  of  doctrine  common  to  the 
Congregational  Churches.  It  believes  in  the  new  birth  (''Except 
a  man  be  born  again  he  cannot  see  the  kingdom  of  God");  in  the 
sinfulness  of  men  and  in  redemption  only  through  Jesus  Christ, 
the  Son  of  God;  in  the  sanctifying  power  of  the  Holy  Spirit; 
in  the  inspiration  of  the  Holy  Scriptures;  that  the  word  of  God  is 
the  only  infallible  rule  of  faith  and  life;  in  the  endless  hap])iness 
of  the  rii^hteous  and  misery  of  the  unreijenerate.  It  teaches  and 
believes  in  a  pure  and  upright  life  consecrated  to  God. 

The  first  great  season  of  growth  came  under  the  pastorate  of 
Kev.  Wni.  Carter  from  1834  to  1847.  During  this  period  of  nine 
years  the  Church  increased  from  10  or  12  meml)ers  to  100.  After 
1S4T  the  Church  suffered  a  decline  until  1865,  when  it  numbered 
41  members.  The  second  period  of  growth  came  under  the  pres- 
ent Pastor,  Rev.  C.  E.  Marsh,  from  18(58  to  the  present  time.  Dur- 
ing this  period  of  12  years  the  Church  increased  from  50  to  116 
members.  In  the  winter  of  1873-4  a  great  season  of  revival  was 
enjoyed,  when  48  were  received  into  the  Church.  The  past  winter 
(1879-80)  another  revival  has  been  enjoj'ed,  and  39  ha%^e  entered 
into  covenant  with  the  Church. 

The  following  persons  have  acted  as  Pastors  of  the  Church: 
Rev.  Warren  Nichols,  from  1835  to  1837;  Rev.  A.  T.  Norton,  from 
1837  to  — ;  Rev.  Wm.  Carter,  from  1838  to  1847;  Rev.  Gideon 
C.  Clark,  from  1847  to  1S50;  Rev.  A.  H.  Fletcher,  from  1850  to 
1853;  Rev.  C.  S.  Cadv,  from  1853  to  1855;  Rev.  J.  G.  Barrett, 
from  1856  to  1859;  Rev!  S.  R.  Thrall,  from  1859  to  1865;  Rev. 
Samuel  Dilley,  from  1865  to  1867;  Rev.  Wm.  Carter,  from  1867 
to  1868;  Rev.  Chas.  E.  Marsh,  from  1868  to  the  present  time. 

BIOGRAPHICAL. 

We  give  below  personal  sketches,  in  alphabetical  rotation,  of  the 
prominent  citizens  and  old  settlers  of  Atlas  township  and  its  vil- 
lages. 

J.  A.  AdaTns,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Atlas;  was  born  in  1803  in 
Rensellaer  county,  N.  Y.,  the  son  of  James  and  Edna  Adams;  re- 
ceived a  fair  education  and  followed  sawing,  and  operating  cotton 
and  woolen  mill  with  good  success;  hequit  the  business  in  1843  and 
emigrated  West,  settling  on  the  present  homestead,  where  he  has 
lived  ever  since.  The  farm  is  well  improved.  Feb.  10,  1825,  he 
married  Harriet  Green,  who  was  born  in  1802  in  Rensellaer  county, 
N.  Y.,  and  their  3  children  were  Cornelius,  deceased,  Jeremiaii  and 
Edna.     Mr.  Adams  first  occupied  about  500  acres  of  bottom  and 


784 


HISTtUtY    OF    I'lKE  COUNTY. 


np  liiml,  and  since  has  obtaiiieil  alxmt  .">'>(»  acres  more.  He  liu.^  seen 
the  bottom  opposite  his  residence  entirely  overtlowed,  and  has  been 
in  a  6tean»-l)oat  over  the  land  he  now  cnltivates.  ^Iv.  Adams 
has  been  Assessor  tor  15  or  10  years.  The  iiouso  now  occupied  by 
him  was  built  in  ls-Ji>,  witli  an  addition  in  lsi>4.  It  is  a  substan- 
tial buildini;,  and  bids  fair  to  8tan<l  lor  a«^e8  yet.  The  tirst 
{>reacher  lie  knew  was  Rev.  Wm.  Carter,  wiio  was  in  Pitt^iield  so 
onj^.  Mr.  Adams'  father  was  in  the  Ilevolutionary  war,  as  priva- 
teer at  sea.      He  distinctly  remembers  the  war  ot"  lsl2. 

Imuic  litirtvii,  farmer,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  ilune  7,  1S25,  the 
son  of  William  and  .Mary  (I'rewen  Uartoii,  natives  of  Tennessee; 
was  educateil  in  the  Kentucky  subscription  soliools;  liis  early  life 
was  S|>ent  in  mechanical  employment,  but  the  most<»f  Ids  life  he  has 
been  a  farmer.  In  l*»4t;  he  married  Miss  K.  M.  Owsley,  a  native 
ol  Kast  Tennessee,  and  ttf  thtir  11  chililren  S  are  livin<^,  5  sons  and 
3  ^irls;  3  are  married.  Mr.  Barton  came  to  Pike  county  the  year 
he  was  married,  witli  no  pro|>erty  except  a  horse  and  saddle,  but  he 
is  now  in  comtortablo  circumstances,  living  in  a  ){s3,(Mki  ho»i.>.e.  He 
has  lield  nearly  all  the  t«>wnshij)  otlices,  and  is  in  .several  otlicial 
positions  at  the  present  time.  In  politics  he  isa  Democrat,  and  in 
reIit;ion  both  himself  atid   wife  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  ('hurch. 

Aaron  Hanqhinmi  was  lutrn  in  Ohio,  Dec.  11.  183.'>,  and  is  a  son 
of  Jacob  and  Catharine  (  Wilhelm)  l»au::hmon,  natives  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, ami  of  (ierman  ancestry;  was  educattnj  mostly  in  tiie  com- 
mon  schools  of  this  county;  can  speak  (Jerman.  April  10,  185H, 
he  nuirriecl  Sarah  Sap|>,  daughter  of  Daniel  Sapp.  a  pioneer  of  this 
county;  of  their  1»  chihiren  0  are  livin<j.  Mr.  W.  came  to  this 
county  about  Christmas  in  ls4«>,  and  w«»rkedat  quarrying  rock  and 
burnini;  lime;  for  the  last  S  years  it  has  l>een  a  success.  He  ran  a 
threshin;^-machine  for  l»  years,  and  in  that  business  lost  his  health, 
and  in  burniui:  lime  ho  thinks  he  recovered  his  voice  which  he  had 
lost.  He  i«  a  farmer,  residing  on  sec.  14,  where  he  owns  4<»  acres, 
besides  having  4o  acres  on  sec.  15.  In  his  present  business  he  has 
been  successful.  Being  married  l>efore  he  was  21  years  of  age,  his 
father  claimed  !?150  for  his  time,  which  was  paitl.  He  is  a  R<'j)ub- 
lican,  and  both  himself  and  witeare  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 
P.  ().,  Summer  Hill. 

Monroe  Bipughinon^  farmer,  sec.  11:  P.  ().,  Summer  Hill:  was 
born  in  this  county  Oct.  5,  184*<,  and  is  a  son  of  Jac<fb  and  Cath- 
arine W.  (  Heler)  Bauirhmon,  who  were  married  in  lb;{5  and  had  5 
children,  of  whom  Monroe  is  tlie  eldest.  The  latter  received  a 
common-school  education,  and  is  now  following  farming  in  Atlas  tp. 

Capt,  Uriah  Ihork  was  born  in  Missouri  in  1820,  and  is  a  son 
of  Armstrong  and  Theresa  Angle  (Brown)  P>rock.  tlie  former  of  En- 
glish de^cent  and  the  latter  of  German;  was  educated  in  the  subscrip- 
tion schools  of  the  time;  at  15  lie  went  upon  the  river  and  worked 
at  cooking  and  pulling  oars  on  a  flat-boat*  in  1839  he  went  on  a 
steamer  to  learn  the  river  as  cub  pilot;  in  ls40  he  was  ]»romoted 
to  the  position  of  pilot  on  the  steamer  lone,  and  for  the  same  man 


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cr. 


ATLAS    Tf 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  787 

he  rail  steamers  for  7  rears  on  tlie  Ohio  river,  makinfj  10  rears 
altogetlier  which  he  worked  for  one  man;  has  followed  the  river 
as  pilot  every  summer  since  he  learned  the  business,  and  expects 
to  as  long  as  he  can  see  and  turn  a  wheel.  He  iias  been  moderatelj' 
successful,  having  as  much  as  $2,500  for  one  summer's  work.  At 
present  lie  gets  only  $600  for  a  season's  work.  lie  married  Miss 
Caroline  Marsh  in  185.5,  and  they  hare  0  children,  all  liringin  this 
tp.,  where  he  spends  the  winter  with  his  family.  Four  of  the  chil- 
dren are  married.  He  has  a  neat  and  substantial  residence  in 
Summer  Hill,  and  12  acres  of  land.  In  politics  lie  is  a  Republi- 
can, and  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Congrcijational  Church. 
Mrs.  Brock's  father,  Sherman  Brown,  was  an  early  settler  of  this 
county. 

David  W.  Deani,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  is  the  son  of  Henry 
and  Susannah  (Kiser)  Deam ;  his  father  was  a  natire  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  born  in  1784;  his  mother  was  born  in  the  State  of  Ken- 
tucky in  1794;  they  emigrated  with  their  family  to  Ohio  in  an 
early  day,  where  both  of  them  passed  the  remainder  of  their  lires; 
they  died  near  Dayton,  O.,  and  were  laid  at  rest  in  Bethel  township, 
Miami  county.  Darid  W.,  the  subject  of  this  biography,  was  born 
in  Montgomery  county,  O,,  in  1831;  in  1852  he  went  to  Bluft'ton, 
Mills  Co.,  Ind.,  where  he  held  the  position  of  Deputy  County  Clerk 
for  one  year;  he  then  returned  to  the  Buckeye  State  and  remained 
until  185-1-;  he  was  then  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Sarah  C. 
Deal,  who  was  born  in  1831;  she  is  the  daughter  of  Philip  and 
Mary  (Boyer)  Deal,  both  natives  of  Maryland.  To  them  have 
been  born  4  children,  3  of  whom  are  living;  Mary  Alice  was  born 
Jan.  3,  185",  in  Montgomery,  O.;  William  Lewis,  born  Se)>t.  25, 
1856;  Dora  Bell,  Jan.  31,  1858,  died  Feb.  24,  1876,  and  Warren 
G.,  born  Jan.  29,  1864.  Wm.  L.  married  Miss  Capps,  Oct.  9, 
1879,  and  Mary  A.  was  married  to  Uriah  A.  Brock,  March  23, 
1872.  Mr.  Deam  moved  with  his  family  to  Atlas,  this  county,  in 
1856,  first  locating  on  sec,  23,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until 
1867,  when  he  sold  out  and  ])urehased  a  fine  farm  on  sec.  13.  He 
now  ov\-i8  240  acres  of  land.  His  residence,  with  ground  attached, 
is  among  ti.e  most  beautiful,  tasteful  and  convenient  in  the  county. 
It  is  situated  ..i  the  outskirts  of  the  pleasant  little  village  of  Sum- 
mer Hill.  Mr.  Deam,  who  js  now  engaged  in  farming  and  stock- 
raising,  dealing  in  line  graded  stock,  ranks  among  the  more  promi- 
nent, enterprising  and  substantial  citizens  of  Pike  county,  and  as 
one  of  her.  representative  citizens  we  present  his  portrait  in  this 
volume. 

James  Brown.  This  gentleman's  father,  Isaac  Brown,  was  born 
in  March,  1791,  in  Virginia,  moved  to  this  State  in  1828,  and  died 
in  1848;  his  mother  was  SusanBrown.  The  subject  of  this  notice  was 
one  of  14  children,  and  was  born  in  April,  1833;  in  1856  he  mar- 
ried Sarah  Knapp,  who  was  born  in  June,  1839,  and  their  5  chil- 
dren are,  Zara,  born  in  1857;  Lloyd,  born  in  1859;  George,  born  in 
1862;  Frederic,  born  in  1865,  and  Lilly,  born   in  1872.    Mr.  Brown 

45 


788  HIt»li»KV    <'K    1*1  KK    foUNTY. 

has  uhvays  Ueeu  a  fanner;  luiii  l>eoii  t-  ("alironiiri  twice.      In   vaVig 
ion    he  i»  n  rtiiversiili^t,  himI  in  polities  a  Repnhliean. 

J//*^.  Sii^m  J.  Chvehind^  nx  Haxter,  was  horn  Ann;.  2,  isGo, 
and  married  (ralon  Clevehmd  in  1853,  and  of  their  10  children 
only  2  are  livin<r,  |),»th  named  after  their  parents.  Air.  liu.xter  8et- 
tleil  in  Mi.-.ri()nri,  where  his  children  hail  hnt  a  very  limited  educa- 
tion. 

J.  II.  F*irrin<jton.  The  6uh|ect  of  this  sketch  was  horn  in  Mil- 
ton, this  county,  Ani^.  19,  1S43,  and  is  a  bon  of  I).  II.  :i-id  .Murtha 
(Shaw)  Ilarrinirtoti,  hoth  natives  of  Xtirth  (\irt»lin:i,  and  his  father 
of  German  lyjceatry.  J.  II.  is  the  third  of  a  family  of  10  children, 
all  of  whom  are  lH>ys.  His  father  was  a  farmer,  at  which  Imsiness 
he  \va»  successful.  H<>th  his  parents  are  living  in  Missouri  at  the 
present  lime.  Our  suhjeet  hegarj  to  learn  the  tra<le  of  a  miller 
with  Francis  Frye  at  the  villaire  of  Time,  in  1870  ;  they  ran  the 
mill  in  partnership  until  Xov.  20,  ls7(5,  when  it  was  destroyed  by 
tire,  at  a  loss  to  them  of  $10,0(H».  PY»hruary  of  the  followin;^  year 
he  came  to  Summer  Hill  ami  ht-came  a  partner  of  the  firm  of  Peters 
<k  Co.  Their  mill  is  one  »»f  the  he.it  in  the  county,  does  an  exten- 
sive local  tratle,  and  has  a  ^ood  reputation.  Their  favorite  hrand 
of  tiouris  the**(Tolden  Rule."  April  10.  1.S63,  lie  was  married  to 
Jeannetto  Farrin^jton,  who  w.»s  Uirn  Jtdy  Is,  1S45;  their  only 
child,  Thomas  Vir;:il.  was  horn  in  IS*!').  In  politics  Mr.  F.  in  a 
hfiiiocrat.  He  served  a.-.  Snj)ervisor  tor  Hardin  tp.  for  the  vears 
1^75-7({. 

Jain^  II  I^\i'<juni,n,  «lru^i;ist.  Summer  Hill,  was  Ixirn  in  Pike 
c»»unty,  March  27,  ls65;  his  father,  .lames  II.  l''er;;nson,  is  a  native 
of  Irelaixl,  and  his  mother,  Ann  Kliza  (I)od^e)  Fer;;uson,  a  native 
of  (tet)r;ri»i.  James  H.  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
Pike  county,  Pittstield  Hii^h  School,  ami  Kureka  ('ollegc;  until  he 
arrive<i  at  tht^  aj^e  of  22  he  was  enira<^'<l  in  t'armi!i<;;  he  then  went 
to  Xeho  atul  en;;aifi*i!  in  the  btudy  of  metlicine  Ibr  a  time,  after 
which  he  houjjht  a  ^tock  of  druj^^s  at  Gri«^>;svill(\  and  also  has  an 
interest  in  another  btorc  in  the  same  town.  In  1879  ho  came  to 
Summer  Hill  atul  started  a  drii^  store,  theiudy  one  in  the  place.  The 
grantlfalher  of  otjr  suhject  was  amon<;  the  early  settlers  ot  the  State. 
His  father,  who  was  a  gra«lual«'  as  a  civil  en^ijjeer,  in  f^irope,  came 
to  Pike  county  in  an  early  day,  served  a*  County  Surveyor,  and  held 
that  p«»sition  until  he  die<I,  in  1803.  He  was  the  owner  of  between 
500  and  »;<>0  acres  of  land  at  the  time. 

Solomon  Gretngard  wju  lK>rn  Se{»t.  14,  1830,  and  is  a  native  of 
Poland;  he  learned  the  trade  of  blacksmith  in  his  native  country, 
but  is  now  engaged  in  selling  tin-ware,  furs,  rags,  etc.  In  1840  he 
wasmarrie<l  to  Esth  Rachell.  Si.\  children  have  been  born  to  them, 
4  of  wliom  are  living,  1  boy  an<l  3  girls. 

C.  M.  Garner,  farmer,  sec.  10;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  is  a  son  of 
Jonathan  and  Mary  (Newnham)  Garner,  the  former  a  native  of 
North  Carolina  and  the  latter  of  South  Carolina.  Our  subject  was 
born  in  Kentucky  in   1>20,  and   was  early  brought  to  this  county, 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE   COUNTY.  789 

where  he  received  a  «(oocl  coininon-school  education.  His  parents 
came  to  the  county  in  1840  and  settled  10  miles  west  of  Pittstield. 
He  married  the  first  time  in  1S50,  and  the  second  time,  186!),  he 
married  Caroline  McClintock,  by  whom  he  has  had  4  children:  he 
had  one  hy  his  first  wife.  He  and  his  present  wife  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Christian  Church;  he  is  a  Republican.  He  has  2G0 
acres  of  land. 

James  (x^^y,  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  was  born  Feb. 
5,  1814,  in  Iredell  county,  K.  C,  and  is  a  son  of  AVilliam  and  xVnna 
(Rutledge)  Gay,  lather  a  native  of  the  same  county  and  mother  a 
native  of  Itowan  county,  N.  C,  both  of  Irisli  ancesti-y.  His 
chances  bein<;  very  poor  in  a  Southern  State,  he  came  to  Pike 
conntv.  111.,  where  he  graduated  in  a  log  cabin  14  by  14,  in  Pleas- 
ant Hill  tp.,  in  1S34.  In  1839  he  married  Amelia  Yokem,  and 
they  have  had  9  children,  8  of  wliora  are  living.  Both  ]Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Gay  are  members  of  the  Congregational  Church.  Mr.  Gay  has 
been  a  farmer  all  his  life,  and  coming  to  Pike  county  in  Feb., 
1834,  he  worked  as  a  farm  liand  in  Atlas  tp.  The  first  night  he 
staid  in  Pike  count}'  he  had  only  half  mone}'  enough  to  pay  his 
bill,  which  was  37^  cents.  Besides  this  he  had  a  horse  worth  $15, 
which  was  all  the  earthly  possession  he  could  call  his  own  at  that 
time.  He  is  now  the  owner  of  660  acres  of  land  in  Pike  county, 
and  has  an  interest  in  several  other  tracts  of  land.  All  liis  sons 
live  in  this  county  and  all  are  married,  the  eldest  of  whom  owns 
480  acres  of  land. 

William  II.  Gay,  farmer,  sec.  9;  P.  O.,  Rockport;  was  born  in 
this  tp.,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Amelia  (Yokem)  Gay,  above 
mentioned;  he  attended  the  common  schools  of  this  county  and 
began  teaching  at  the  age  of  18  years.  He  enlisted  May  4,  1861, 
in  the  16th  111.  Inf,  serving  as  Corporal  of  Co.  K.  and  participated 
in  all  the  battles  that  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  ;  he  was  dis- 
charged June  12,  1864.  In  1867  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Elizabeth  Shinn,  and  to  them  have  been  born  5  cliildren,  4  sons 
and  a  daughter.  Mr.  Gay  is  the  owner  of  4S0  acres  of  land,  320 
of  which  are  in  Pike  county, 

John  Ilelkey  was  born  on  the  German  ocean  in  December,  184S; 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Fanny  Adams,  who  was  born  in  July, 
1859.  In  ls79,  Aug.  2d,  of  that  year,  a  son,  Charlie,  was  born  to 
them.  lie  has  engaged  some  in  railroading,  but  at  present  is  fol- 
lowing blacksmithing  and  wagon-making,  which  he  expects  to 
continue  the  rest  of  his  life.  His  wife  received  a  good  common- 
school  education,  and  attended  the  Pittsfield  hii^h  school. 

James  S.  Johnson  was  born  in  Pike  county  in  1S46,  and  is  a  son 
of  Elisha  T.  and  Catherine  (Cook)  Johnson,  of  New  Jersey.  James 
received  his  education  in  tlie  common  scliools  of  this  county,  encra^ed 
in  farming  and  coo])erinf;,  and  in  ]sr)4  enlisted  in  the  7tli  HI.  Inf, 
under  Capt.  Hubbard.  In  1.^65  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Eliza  Ann  Waters;  2  of  the  4  children  born  to  them  are  living. 
His  father,  who  was  a  moulder  in  early  life,  came  to  Pike  county 


700  HISTORY    OF    IMKE    rOlNTY. 

in  1838,  and  ongaireil  in  farniini,';  his  niotlier  died  in  1807,  and  his 
fath(>r  in  l,s73. 

llcnrij  A.  Lontj  was  l»(irn  July  ♦!,  1774.  :iiid  Kmelinc  Green 
March  4,  1804;  the  two  were  united  in  marriage  Auij.  5,  1822;  to 
them  were  born  5  sons  and  3  (hiuijhters.  Kennedy  i^oni;  was  born 
M.ircli  14,  l^'JO,  and  Oct.  13,  IS.VJ.  uiarricl  Pha'he  .1.  K«)asa,  wiio 
was  l)oni  .June  27,  l.'^32;  by  this  union  5  children,  all  boys,  were 
born:  Henry  A.,  b(.rn  .laru  21,  lS.54.  William  J.,  July  2V.,  1855, 
Georjre  !*.,  Oct.  5,  18«;5,  L.  K.,  born  Nov.  14,  186s,  and  Philip 
K.,  Feb.  13,  ls74.  Mr.  ]..  came  here  with  hih  parents  in  lS31,aml 
located  in  Atlas,  th«'n  the  coujity-seat  of  Pike  county.  He  1ms  been 
H  ^reat  fisherman  and  at  the  present  lives  in  the  oMest  house  in 
Atlas,  ami  con6C<iuontly  the  <dde8t  in  tlie  auinty.  The  lloor  is  of 
puncheons,  hewed  on  one  side  and  rip-sawed,  and  is  8till  of  piod 
ijuality.  Mrs.  I.on;;  is  a  nuMnlaT  of  the  M.  K.  Church,  while  Mr. 
I.<in<;  is  liberal  toward  all  the  chiircheB,  ami  is  a  Re|)ublifan. 

Slr».  Liiciii  Jtace,  nee  Chamberlain,  wjis  lx»rn  June  27,  1820,  and 
in  l.>37  wiiH  brought  to  Illinois,  where  she  rcceive<i  a  C(»mmon- 
bchool  education;  Au;:.  4,  ls42.  she  married  .Inhn  Mace,  and  tlu'ir 
3  childnMi  are  |).  11..  I).  A.  and  Kate.  .Mr.  .Mace  served  IS  uiontliH 
in  the  Mexican  war.  While  in  iiealth  lie  f«dIowed  carpentering. 
Mr>.  Mace  owns  good  pr<«|>erty  in  the  villa«;e  of  Kockport. 

litv.  C.  E.  Marnh  was  lx»rn  ir>  New  York'.  March  4,  ls37,  and  is 
a  8on  of  Jameh  and  Knjeline  (Allen)  Mar»h.  of  Knijlish  ancestry. 
He  attended  the  c«>mmon  schools,  entereti  Knox  College  at  Gales- 
luirg,  wlu're  he  remained  3  years,  an<l  also  graduate<l  at  Wluaton 
College,  111.,  near  Chicago.  His  father  during  his  early  lifr  was  a 
silversmith,  but  after  he  came  to  this  county,  which  was  in  1844,  he 
engaged  in  farming.  Our  subject  passe<l  his  early  life  on  a  farm, 
but  since  he  graduated  in  1S60  he  has  n(»t  ftdlowed  that  vacation. 
At  the  ag<'  of  21  he  united  with  the  ('ongrcirational  Church  at 
Gale.-burg,  111.;  in  Oct.,  18CS,  he  was  installed  Pastor  at  Sum- 
mtr  Hill;  at  that  time  the  membershiji  was  00,  but  at  jiresent 
numln'rs  116;  most  of  the  accesgions  were  made  dtiring  two  re- 
vivals, one  held  in  18734.  when  4S  were  added,  the  other  in  1879- 
80,  when  31»  joined  the  (Miurch.  In  isOO  licv.  Marsh  was  united 
in  marriage  with  I'elle  Robinson;  to  them  have  been  born  7  chil- 
dren, 5  sons  an<l  2  daughters,  the  two  latter  of  whom  are  deceased. 

Jonathan  Miller  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  and  nmrricd  Re- 
becca Span,  Sejit.  7,  1824,  in  Indiana;  to  them  were  born  10  chil- 
dren: Calvin.  Luther.  Moses.  Houston,  Samuel,  James,  Joiuithan, 
Mary  Jane,  Emeline,  FUuence, — all  of  whom  are  married  except  the 
two  youngest. 

Moses  S.  Miller.  Jonathan  Miller,  his  father,  was  born  Aug. 
13,  Isol,  and  his  motlier,  Rebecca  (Sj)an)  Miller,  was  born  in  1808. 
Moses  S.  was  born  June  3,  1837;  the  same  year  his  parents  came 
to  this  State;  he  was  united  in  marriage  in  1856  with  Elizabeth 
(TUthrie,  who  was  born  in  Missouri  in  1831;  of  the  4  children  born 
to  them  only  one  is  living,  Julia  E.,  who  was  l»orn   in   1857.      He 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUKTY.  791 

is  engaged  in  farming,  began  with  no  other  help  but  his  own  hands, 
but  now  owns  a  good  farm. 

Henry  Morse^  larmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  was  born 
in  l^oston,  ]\lass.,  April  2.  1817,  and  is  the  son  of  Henry  and  Mary 
(Fox)  Morse;  he  obtained  the  ])rincipal  part  of  his  education  at 
Nortii-AVilbraham  Academy,  Mass.  Mr.  M.  has  been  thrice  mar- 
ried, lie  united  with  his  present  wife,  ^largaret  Jane  Smithers,  in 
1855;  she  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Church.  At  the  age  of  16 
Mr.  M.  commenced  to  learn  the  trade  of  carpenter  and  joiner,  and 
has  worked  successfully  at  it  for  many  years.  lie  came  to  Pike 
county  from  Massachusetts  in  ISP)-!,  and  settled  at  Ilock]V)rt;  he 
now  lives  on  a  farm  on  sec.  13,  0  S.,  5  W.  In  1801  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  D,  3d  ^lo.  Inf.,  and  served  till  the  expiration  of  the  term. 

II.  Peters^  miller  at  Summer  Hill,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
July  25,  1829;  his  parents,  James  and  N^ancy  (Culver)  Peters, 
were  natives  of  Canada  and  Pennsylvania,  respectively.  Our  sub- 
ject received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  Wisconsin, 
attended  the  high  school  at  Beloit,  and  also  took  a  course  of  book- 
keeping. He  served  an  apprenticeship  at  blacksmithing  in  the 
same  town,  and  worked  5  yeai-s  in  a  plow  factory;  in  1819  became 
to  Quincy,  111.,  where  he  worked  in  a  plow  factory  for  2  years, 
when  he  married  Elizabeth  Conyers;  they  then  lived  in  Palmyra, 
Mo.,  six  years,  when  they  removed  to  JPike  county,  where  they 
have  since  remained.  For  10  years  lie  continued  the  manufacture 
of  plows,  when  he  sold  out  and  embarked  in  the  milling  business, 
and  is  now  of  the  firm  of  Peters  &,  Co.,  millers.  Summer  Hill. 
Politically  he  is  a  Greenbacker,  and  a  prominent  member  of  his 
party.  He  is  one  of  the  two  delegates  from  Pike  county,  chosen 
in  March,  1880,  to  nominate  a  Greenback  candidate  for  the  Presi- 
dency. In  politics,  as  in  his  business,  he  is  energetic  and  well 
posted  in  the  history  of  the  country  and  of  the  various  ])olitical 
parties.     lie  has  served  as  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  3  years. 

Carson  iV!  Rupert  was  born  in  1854,  and  is  a  farmer,  sec.  27; 
P.  O.,  Atlas;  Oct.  18,  1876,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss 
Mary  E.  Adams, /vho  was  born  in  1855;  and  they  have  one  child, 
a  girl. 

Gi(>r(je  Schwartz  was  born  in  Switzerland  in  1813;  when  at  the 
age  of  20  he  emiirrated  to  America;  his  parents,  Andrew  and  Mary 
Ann  (Shoemaker)  Schwartz,  were  also  natives  of  Switzerland.  He 
attended  school  from  the  time  he  was  6  years  old  till  he  was  18,  and 
received  a  gcjod  German  education;  he  never  attended  school  in 
America  any,  but  can  read  and  write  English  with  ease.  He 
located  in  Atlas  tp.  in  1833;  has  been  a  farmer  all  his  life,  and 
worked  the  lirst  two  years  after  he  arrived  here  by  the  month,  the 
first  year  receiving  $7.  and  tlie  second  3'ear  $8  ])er  month.  He  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Mary  Gay  in  1838,  and  of  the  5 
children  born  to  them  4  are  living.  James  Gav,  S}»oken  of  above, 
and  our  subject,  ke])t  bachelor's  hall  for  three  years  after  his  ar- 
rival here;  they  were  then  poor  boys,  but  are   to-day  leading  citi- 


792  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

zens  t»f  tlie  county.  Mr.  S.  owns  254  acres  of  lund  in  Atlas  tp., 
and  has  a  liandsoini'  and  substantial  residence  in  Siiniincr  Hill, 
lie  has  held  local  otiices  in  this  tp.,  been  Snnday-si'lutol  Sii|»L'rin- 
tendent.  Trustee  and  Deacon  in  the  Summer  Hill  Coiiirreirational 
church,  and  prominent  in  all  the  atiairs  of  his  community. 

Dr.  G.  W.  Schwartz,  Summer  Hill,  was  horn  Fel>.  17,  1^40,  and 
is  a  son  of  (Jeori^e  Schwartz,  above  mentioned.  The  Doctor  is  a 
graduate  of  the  St.  Louis  .Medical  ('olle«;e,  and  l)egan  practice  in 
the  spring  of  1S74  in  .Milton,  Mo.,  and,  like  most  yountr  doctors, 
laboretl  under  many  disadvantaiji'S.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  lie 
removeil  to  Sumnicr  Hill,  where  he  has  luiilt  U|)  a  fair  j)ractice. 

G.  J.  ShmL\  Sumnu-r  Hill,  was  born  in  .Massachnsftts  I^Y*I).  2, 
1S16,  and  is  a  son  of  Walter  and  Marcia (Cad well)  Shaw,  the  form- 
er a  native  of  Massachusetts,  and  of  Scottish  descent;  he  came  to 
Pike  county  in  is;ir>.  and  settlfd  at  Atlas;  he  left  his  home  in 
Massachu8ett.s  in  1K32,  went  to  the  West  Indies,  thcncf  to  New 
Orleans,  and  then  to  Missouri.  He  learned  the  carpenter  and  join- 
er's trade,  and  subseciuontlv  en^'aj'ed  in  farminj;.  now  ownin<;  300 
acres  of  land.  In  the  earlv  davs  it  was  iiuite  ditKcult  to  I'rt  iimnev 
enoui^h  t<»  pay  his  taxes.  The  princi|»al  circulatin<;  medium  was 
coon-skins.  He  had  oidy  $!(»(»  when  he  was  marrie<l.  and  made 
his  start  bv  nnikini'  window  sash.  He  tells  us  that  uutst  of  the 
land  between  Summer  Hill  and  Pittstield  was  lM»u<;lit  for  $1.2r>  an 
acre.  He  further  says  that  it  was  no  uncommon  thin;;  t<>  see  a 
crop  sell  for  more  than  the  lan<l  cost.  Mr.  S.  was  njarrietl  in  ls;i7 
to  Sophia  Kennedy,  and  to  them  have  l)een  born  5  children,  all  of 
whom  are  liviiiij. 

JL  nry  L.  aS/kiw,  farmer,  sec.  7;  I*.  O.,  Summer  Hill  ;  was  born 
Feb.  :i,  18Ji7,  within  300  yards  of  where  he  now  lives,  and  is  a  son 
of  Luther  and  A.  B.  (Hemiss)  Shaw,  natives  of  Massaclmsetts;  at- 
tende<l  the  pui)lic  school  some;  when  he  w:u}  15  years  of  a«^e  his 
father  died  ( 1S52).  leavinir  the  care  of  a  lar^o  family  on  him;  there 
were  10  chiKlren,  of  whoui  lli'iiry  was  the  eldest.  In  1872  he  mar- 
ried Mary  A.  Davis,  and  of  their  3  children  2  are  living.  Mr. 
Shaw  is  a  Ilepublican,  and  both  himself  and  wife  are  members  of 
the  Couirrei^atiiUial  Church.  He  has  been  a  successful  farmer,  now 
ownini;  207  acres  of  lanti  in  this  county. 

II.  O.  Shaw,  farmer,  sw.  12;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  was  born  July 
30,  1814,  in  Massachusetts,  and  is  the  son  of  Solomon  and  Persis 
(Colon)  Shaw,  natives  also  of  Massachusetts,  and  father  a  farmer  ; 
the  subject  of  this  notice  was  eduwited  in  the  common  schools  of 
the  Bay  State.  In  183<;  he  married  Sarah  Arulrews,  and  of  their  3 
cliildren  2  are  livinir,— Charles  II.,  George  and  Eva  My rtie, deceased. 
Mr.  Shaw  cjime  to  Pike  county  in  1840,  and  the  following  year  he 
settled  on  sec.  12,  where  he  now  owns  50  acres  of  laud,  and  is  out 
of  debt.  He  has  worked  at  shoemaking  several  years.  In  1862 
both  his  boys  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  99th  III.  Inf..  under  Capt  Edwards; 
George  W.  was  wounded  at  the  grand  charge  at  Vicksburg,  by  a 
shot  in  the  legr;  Charles  was  Sersreant,  and  the  bovs  were  in  all  the 


UI8T0RY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY,  793 

battles  ill  which  the  Regiment  was  engaged.     Mr.  Shaw  has  been 
Collector,  and  in  politics  is  a  Ke})iiblican. 

Laden  W.  S/ifffc,  farmer,  sec.  12  ;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill  ;  was 
born  in  this  county  in  1839,  and  is  a  son  of  George  J.  and  Sophia 
(Kinney)  Shaw,  fiither  a  native  of  Massachusetts  and  mother  of 
New  York,  and  both  of  English  descent;  he  obtained  a  cnmmon- 
scliool  education  in  this  county.  In  lsr»4  he  married  Anna  M. 
Barney,  wliodied  in  1874;  of  their  offspring  one  child  is  still  liv- 
itjg;  in  1875  Mr.  S.  married  Maria  Shaw,  and  they  have  3  children, 
all  living.  In  1862  Mr.  Shaw  enlisted  in  the  famous  Pike  county 
Regiment,  No.  99,  in  Co.  C,  under  (-apt.  Matthews,  and  was  elect- 
ed 2d  Lieutenant,  and  in  a  short  time  he  became  1st  Lieutenant; 
he  was  in  tive  battles  and  several  skirmishes;  in  18G3  he  resigned 
on  account  of  sickness.  His  early  occupation  was  teaching  and 
farming.  Since  th<'  war  he  has  ke])t  store  some  of  the  time  and 
pursued  farming.  He  owns  IIX)  acres  of  good  land.  He  is  a  Re- 
])ublican,  and  has  been  School  Trustee,  Town  Clerk  and  Justice  of 
the  Peace;  and  ])eing  a  member  of  the  Congregational  Church,  he 
has  been  also  Deacon  and  Sunday-school  Superintendent,  the  latter 
for  10  years.     His  wife  is  also  a  member  of  the  same  Church. 

Hiram  Smithy  a  native  of  Madison  county,  HI.,  where  he  was 
born  in  1830;  he  was  reared  upon  a  farm,  and  in  1861  enlisted  in 
Co,  D,  28tli  111.  Hif.,in  the  United  States  service  to  defend  his  conn- 
try  ;  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh  he  was  shot  through  the  neck,  which 
proved  nearly  fatal;  he  partially  recovered  and  was  in  several  small 
skirmishes,  and  was  in  the  hard-fought  battles  of  Pea  Ridge  and 
Hatchie;  in  the  latter  l)attle  he  received  two  wounds,  one  tVom  a 
minie  ball  and  the  other  from  a  large  piece  of  shell  ;  he  was  then 
consigned  to  a  hospital,  and  from  there  sent  to  Keokuk,  Iowa, 
where,  Jan.  2,  1863,  he  was  discharged.  He  was  married  Oct.  8, 
1863,  and  lie  has  two  children,  H.  E.  and  James  AV.  II. 

Ell  win  C.  Tryon,  deceased,  was  born  in  1830  in  Connecticut, 
and  died  in  1872.  His  wife,  Lonisa  P.  (Buell)  Tryon,  was  born  in 
New  York  city  in  1839;  they  were  united  in  marriage  in  1859;  to 
them  were  born  2  sons,  one  in  1861  and  one  in  1870.  Miss  Chris- 
tian R.  Rapp  was  married  to  Henry  Buell,  of  New  York  city,  Jan. 
2,  1873;  bv  this  marriage  one  son  was  born.  Her  parents  and 
grandparents  lived  to  a  good  old  age.     She  was  born  Aug,  6,  1818. 

G.  W.  Tmmbaufjh,  fn-mer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Summer  Hill;  is  a  son 
of  Joseph  and  Luckey  (Rodgers)  Turnbaugh,  both  natives  of  Ken- 
tucky; lie  received  his  education  in  the  subscription  schools  held 
in  the  old  log  school-houses  in  this  county;  in  1856  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Elizabeth  Shinn,  daughter  of  Daniel  Shinn,  one  of  the  very 
first  pic.iieers  in  this  county.  Mr.  T.  was  born  in  this  county  in 
1832,  and  has  lived  all  his  life  within  5  miles  of  where  he  was  born. 

AlvaS.  Warren^  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Geneseo  county,  N.  Y., 
where  he  was  born  May  21,  1851.  Dec.  20,  1876,  Mr.*^  AV.  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Ilattie  A.,  daughter  of  J.  G.  Adams; 
she  was  born   in   18.")2.       Laura,  their  daughter,  was  born  Dec.  22 


'94 


UISTUKY    <iK    I'IKK    COUNTY. 


1877.     Mrs.  W.    uttt'iidcd    the   Metliodi.st   Colleo;e  at  Jacksonville 
one  year,  r.iltfrtv  School,  Mo.,  and  tlw  Pittstield  hi;;h  schciol. 

Jo/iii  M.  \Vdl'iam8  was  born  in  the  State  of  Ohio  in  liS;?.*),  and  is 
the  son  of  Richard  antl  Theresa  Ann  (^Thonnis)  Williams,  lather  of 
Welsh  and  mother  of  American  parents,  and  both  natives  of  the 
Buckeye  State;  he  came  to  l*ike  county  in  1S42,  and  has  resided 
in  Summer  Hill  10  years,  and  in  the  vicinity  for  30  years.  He  has 
en^a«;ed  in  farming,  and  als(»  is  a  shoemaker.  In  iSoG  he  was 
united  in  marriajie  with  Miss  Marv  Petty,  who  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church. 


ROSS  TOWNSHIP. 

This  is  a  fractional  townsliij),  and  was  torined  troni  Atlas  towti- 
sliip  in  1879.  It  includes  that  part  of  Atlas  known  as  7  south  and 
5  west.  Since  the  buiidiui^  of  the  levee  much  of  the  heretofore 
worthless  farm  land  has  been  put  under  cultivation. 

This  township  bein<j^  a  part  of  Atlas  tVom  the  earliest  ])eriod  of 
county  government  until  the  past  season,  its  history,  of  course,  is 
likewise  a  part  of  the  history  of  that  township.  As  a  township  of 
itself  it  has  no  history.     It  was  named  in  honor  of  Col.  Wm.  lioss. 

Wc  mention  the  following  prominent  gentlemen  of  this  neigh- 
borhood : 

Jesse  ZoTi^,  farmer,  see  1;  P,  O.,  Pleasant  Ilill;  was  born  in 
Maryland,  May  14,  1823,  and  is  a  son  of  Henry  and  Emeline  (Green) 
Long,  father  a  native  of  Ireland  and  mother  of  Delaware;  was  edu- 
cated in  the  subscription  schools  of  this  county.  In  1850  he  mar- 
ried C-aroline  Ramsay,  and  of  the  9  children  which  they  had,  7  are 
living, — 4  boys  and  3  girls.  Coming  to  Pike'county  in  the  winter 
of  the  deep  snow,  Mr.  Long  has  been  a  citizen  here  half  a  cen- 
tury, and  has  witnessed  the  many  and  wonderful  changes  which  the 
country  has  passed  through.  When  he  first  came  here  Indians 
were  still  around  and  deer  were  more  numerous  than  cattle  are  at 
tlie  present  day.  lie  has  lived  on  his  present  farm  for  48  years. 
He  owns  300  acres  of  land.  In  politics  he  is  a  Republican,  and 
his  wife  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

JP".  M.  Yokem,  farmer  and  carpenter,  se(i  1;  P.O.,  Pleasant 
Hill;  was  born  in  Lincohi  county,  IMo.,  in  1831,  and  is  the  son  of 
Solomon  and  Elizabeth  (Butler)  Yokem,  father  a  native  of  Virginia 
and  mother  of  Kentucky,  both  of  German  descent;  was  i)rought  to 
Pike  county.  111.,  in  1833;  was  educated  in  the  sul)scri]>tion  schools 
of  this  county;  in  1855  he  married  Zcrilda  Starr,  and  of  their  6 
children  only  2  are  livino'.  In  an  earlv  dav  Mr.  Yokem  has  seen 
many  bears  and  deer  ;  lias  seen  as  many  as  100  deer  in  one  gang, 
lie  has  l)een  successful  in  business,  and  now  owns  220  acres  of 
land.     Politicallv  he  is  a  (ireen backer. 


»AUUY  ToWNSmi* 


Tilt'  iK'autieti  of  nature  hj?  presenttMl  bv  tliis  tiiWiisliip  to  Ilov. 
Uiivid  I'Mwanls  iiiui  Mr  Ilnlley,  the  first  settlers  of  Hurry,  must 
have  \>vvu  iiiaj^iiiticeut.  I'rior  to  their  cojnintj  not  evrn  a  tiirrow 
of  its  virgin  soil  t>r  even  a  s|»atleful  of  it«i  earth  (except  l>y 
UniteJ  States  surveyors)  had  over  been  turned  l»y  man;  nor  evetj  a 
tshanty  erected  except  the  rude  wigwam  of  the  In<liaiis,  who  had 
for  maiiv  vcars  roaiiied  free  and  tiiidistnrhed  over  these  A-rtile 
prairies  ami  through  the  pleasunt  groves.  Such  wae  the  condition 
of  the  face  of  Harrv  township  when  vlt<ited  bv  the  above  named 
giMillemen  in  1S24.      Mr.  Iladloy  settled  on  sec.  21. 

Soon  after  these  UH-n  e:iMie  there  app«'ared  Rev.  Wni.  .M.  Blair 
and  hi»«  huns.  Tho>e  who  afterward  toolc  an  iniportant  ]tart  in 
the  history  of  the  county,  were  John-  N.,  Harry,  Satnu**!.  Mont- 
iT'iinery  and  William  HIair,  Ile/.ekiah  McAtee,  Alfred  (irultb  and 
Elijah  L.  M;*Ateo.  Other  early  pilgrims  here  were  liulj,  Talcott, 
Josiah  and  William  Lippincott,  and  old  man  IValmdy,  who  «lied 
bhortly  after  he  came.  Also,  Stepheji  li.  (iray,  old  man  Ilusl:, 
I'urton  (tray,  John  Millhizer,  l/cvi  MrUaniels  and  many  others 
whom  we  mention  during  the  personal  sketches.  Most  of  tiie 
alM)ve  mentiotied  cjime  prior  t«»  or  during  the  year  ISliO.  Bosides 
the  foregoing  there  were  Benj.  Barney,  who  came  to  Atlas  in  lh2*», 
Michael  and  Alonzo  (ianl.  who  CJime  the  same  year,  as  also  did  W. 
L.  Chrvsuj).  A.  (\  Baker  came  in  1S27,  Es(j.  Josei»h  Mdntire  in 
1S3I,  Win.  McDaniels  in  is:?.-,,  X.  P.  Hart  in  1S38,  Elisha  Hurt 
and  J.  L.  (iihuer  in  I'^'S'.K  These  were  all  excellent  settlers,  men 
of  more  than  average  ability,  as  shown  in  the  subsequent  wireer  of 
most  of  them. 

Wild  game  was  in  great  abuiulance  when  the  piimeers  tir.st 
came.  Mr.  McDaniels  tells  us  he  has  seen  as  many  as  45  deer  in 
one  herd.  We  were  told  that  deer  were  so  numerous  and  tame 
that  they  were  known  to  enter  the  Ciibins  of  settlers,  and  were  killed 
with  axes  and  cudgels. 

These  pioneers  were  cmploye<l,  as  were  all  pi»^neero  of  the  day, 
in  subduing  nature,  building  cabins,  clearing  land,  breaking  prairie, 
etc.,  but  with  all  this  labor  the}'  were  social  and  happy,  having  a 
care  for  the  morals  and  education  of  their  growing  families,  and 
making  for  the  time  one  of  the  pleasantest  settlements  in  the  new 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  707 

and  growiiio;  State.  Tliere  were  displayud  ainon<^  the  settlers  more 
than  the  usual  amount  of  warm-lioarted  tVieudship  and  neii^hhorly 
atlection.  All  were  equal  iu  social  .station  and  dignity.  Fasiiioii 
was  not  then  the  inexorable  goddess  we  are  accustomed  to  meet  in 
these  modern  days.  The  pioneers  were  proud  to  be  attired  iu 
homespun  woven  l)y  the  busy  housewife  of  the  period,  while  sucdi 
a  thing  as  a  carriage  or  buggy  was  unknown  in  iiarry.  J\Ir.  Mc- 
Daniels  tells  us  that  frouj  his  place  there  was  a  j)athway  across  the 
prairie,  but  for  a  time  after  he  came  not  the  track  of  a  wagon 
could  be  seen, — inde^'d,  there  was  no  such  vehicle  in  the  township. 
Husbands  went  to  church  on  foot.  The  wives  rode  the  horses, 
cari'ving  with  them  such  of  the  children  as  were  too  vouui;  to  make 
their  way  by  walking.  If  the  good  wife  was  clad  in  a  calico  of 
durable  texture  and  fast  color,  she  was  as  hapjn'  as  the  fine  ladies 
of  to-dav,  robed  in  velvets  and  seal-skins.  The  reliijion  ot  the 
time  favored  a  very  rigid  and  severe  adherence  to  plain  and  un- 
adorned attire,  ami  made,  as  it  would  almost  ^eem  to  ns,  rather  a 
virtue  of  a  necessity,  although  a  few  years  later,  with  the  rapid 
accumulation  of  wealth,  dis])lav  was  rendered  a  matter  of  easv 
accomplishment.  We  now  find,  liowever,  large  numbers  of  pio- 
neers, from  motives  oi'  principle,  refraining  as  carefully  from  any 
vain  show  or  unnecessary  ornament  as  they  did  in  the  primitive 
times  of  which  we  are  now  writing. 

The  earliest  pioneers,  those  who  came  prior  to  1S30,  could  not 
obtain  a  legal  title  to  their  farms,  as  the  General  Government  did 
not  offer  the  land  for  sale  before  that.  Before  that  time  all  the 
land  was  held  by  "  claims."  The  settlers  had  an  agreement 
among  themselves  by  which  they  nllowed  a  man  to  "claim  "  about 
as  much  timber  lard  as  he  might  need,  generally  not  over  160  acres, 
upon  which  he  might  build  his  cabin  and  make  his  other  improve- 
ments; and  woe  unto  the  speculator  or  new-comer  who  should  at- 
tempt to  "claim  "  land  already  occupied  by  a  bona-fide  settler. 
Much  of  the  land  in  Barrj'  was  taken  by  those  claimants  before 
the  land  came  into  market.  These  claims  were  bought  and  sold, 
the  purchaser  coming  into  possession  of  the  improvements,  to- 
gether with  whatever  rights  were  considered  appertaining  thereto, 
^laiiy  (juarrels  ensued  from  this  state  of  affairs,  as  might  naturally 
be  expected. 

When  the  land  sales  came  off"  in  October,  1829,  at  Vandalia, 
there  was  a  gathering  of  pioneers  from  the  townshij)  offered  for 
sale,  at  which  no  S])eculator  was  allowed  to  purchase  until  all  set- 
tlers had  made  their  selections, — rather  a  high-handed  proceeding, 
as  it  would  now  appear,  but  one  which  was  justified  by  the  exist- 
ing circumstances. 

The  first  ])erson  visited  by  the  cold  hand  of  death  in  this  town- 
ship was  Mrs.  Amanda  Davis,  who  died  in  1831,  a  daughter  of  Ilev. 
Wm.  Blair.  The  first  birth  was  a  daughter  of  Samuel  and  Lucy 
Blair,  the  first  coujile  married  in  the  township. 

Barrv  is  settled  l)v  an  excellent   class  of  ai'riculturists,  manv  of 


798  UI8TOEV    UK    IMKK    CUUXTV. 

wlium  we  make  personal  ineiitioii  of,  further  on  in  thiti  sketcli.  The 
townshi])  is  ht'autifully  divided  ])et\veen  prairir  and  timlK-r,  well 
watered,  the  soil  fertile  and  ri(;h,  and  is  both  an  excellent  ^rain  and 
8ti>ek  country. 

A  doctor  named  Ludley,  who  lived  in  the  bi>ttom,  was  tlie  first 
physician  in  the  townbhip.  The  earliest  doctors  were  about  all 
riiomsonians. 

It  AUKV. 

This  citv  is  lu-autifuUv  situat«'d  on  the  north  half  of  see.  25, 
and  upon  an  eminence  commanding  a  fine  view  of  the  surrounding 
country.  For  miles  either  way  there  is  presented  to  the  eye  a 
^rand  pan(»ramu  of  nature's  beauteous  handiwork,  champed,  it  is 
true,  by  the  haiul  of  man  from  what  it  was  half  a  century  a«iro,  yet 
a  charmiiii;  scene  it  is  to-day.  Where  once  <^rew  the  tall,  vi'idant 
prairie  «;rass  the  eye  now  beholds  waving;  tields  of  corn,  wheat  and 
otiu'r  cereals.  The  \<11<1  llowers  that  ^ave  to  the  dead  monotony  of 
undulating  j^rassa  charm,  and  a  beauty  tnirivaled  in  <;randeur  by  any 
of  the  line  scenes  now  |»re>enteil  by  <;rowin<;  tields,  have  louij  since 
faded  away.  Tliese  otdy  e.xist  in  the  meniories  of  the  pioneers 
yet  surviving.  These  tell  us  that  the  magniHcenco  and  beauty  of 
the  prairies  as  seen  in  their  native  condition,  can  never  bo  ade- 
tjuately  pictured  by  lan;;ua;;e. 

l)uring  the  j)erit»d  of  the  threat  internal  impi-ovi-ment  system  of 
Illinois,  which  we  have  so  freipjently  allmled  to.  and  during  which 
lime  so  many  t«»wns  were  platted  in  this  c<»unty,  as  well  as  all  over 
the  State,  the  city  oflHarrv  sj»rung  into  existence.  Fortu?iately,  it 
has  tared  In-tter  than  many  of  the  other  towns  projected,  even  in 
Pike  county,  for  it  has  assumed  rank  amon<;  the  small  (*.itics  of 
this  part  of  lllintds,  while  many  have  l>uen  long  since  pronounced 
dead,  or  that  they  had  obtaitu'd  their  "greatest  "growth.  Hurry  was 
laid  out  by  (-alvin  II.  Stone,  of  the  firm  of  Stone,  Field  ^V:  .Marks, 
of  St.  Louis,  and  christened  "Worcester."  Mr.  Stone  was  killed 
by  the  explosion  of  the  boat  *'  Montezuma,"  on  the  Mississippi.  It 
was  founii  that  there  was  another  town  by  that  name  in  the  State, 
so  Worcester  was  chan<^'d  to  Harry.  Mr.  Hrown,  who  had  lived  in 
Jiarre,  Vt.,  suggested  that  it  be  called  after  that  town.  A  jietition 
to  this  ertect  was  drawn  up  by  Dr.  Haker,  who  printed  the  name 
I>arre  in  large  Iit>man  letters,  but  the  enrolling  clerk  spelled  it  with 
a  tinal  y,  instead  of  an  e.  That  was  the  name,  however,  of  the 
l*ostmaster-(feneral  under  President  Jackson,  so  it  was  accepted 
and  has  since  been  known  by  it, 

Hartlett  ik  Hlrdsong,  who  laid  out  Barry,  as  the  agents  for  Stone, 
the  owner  of  the  land,  kept  the  first  store  in  the  ])lace.  This  was 
in  a  little  log  cabin.  Stone,  Field  &  Marks  en.'cted  a  mill  here  to 
grintl  the  grain  for  the  settlers.  This  wjus  sold  t»i  Hrown  &  Mc- 
Tucker,  in  1830.  In  1*^37  a  grist  mill  was  run  by  Mason  &  Ed- 
wards. It  Wiisa  little  overshot  water-mill,  located  in  a  log  building 
where  the  woolen    factory  now  stands.     The  next  one  below  it,  on 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY,  709 

Iladley  creek,  was  by  Win.  Lippiiicott.  B.  D.  Brown  and  Jo.siuh 
Lippincott  erected  a  sawmill  in  IS38,  northeast  ot'tlie  Pnl)lic8(iuare, 
which  was  burned.  The  second  ndll  was  erected  l>y  Isaac  Israel 
in  1845.  He  ran  it  three  or  four  years.  He  also  packed  pork,  and 
it  was  surrounded  by  18  dwellings,  a  ])ork  house,  3  large  stores  and 
a  saw  inilL  lie  mortijaijcd  it  and  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  J. 
Clines,  and  linally  Brown  A:  McTucker  owned  it.  In  a  cave,  lo- 
cated where  the  woolen  factory  was  built  by  Wike  Brothers,  the 
skeleton  of  a  human  bodv  was  found  in  ISil,  when  the  cave  was 
opened.  Water-]>ower  was  secured  from  the  water  that  came  from 
this  cave.  It  is  a  natural  curiosity,  and  has  been  entered  for  ai)out 
300  yards.  The  source  of  the  water  above  mentioned  was  always 
unknown.     It  is  affected  by  the  rise  and  fall  of  water  in  the  streams. 

John  Grub!)  and  ^Ir.  Wike,  v.hile  im])roviiig' the  factory,  were 
quarrying  rocks  and  came  across  a  den  of  i-attlesnakes  of  the  larg- 
est kind,  of  which  they  killed  great  numbers,  from  which  fact  this 
place  is  called  "  Snake  Holler  ''  to  this  day. 

The  first  tavern  in  Barry  was  kept  by  Johnny  DeHaven.  The 
first  postmaster  was  Stephen  R.  Gray. 

The  Methodists  were  the  first  denomination  of  religious  people 
to  become  established  here,  and  erect  a  house  of  worshi]>.  The 
Baptists  were  second,  who  built  a  church  about  the  same  time.  The 
building  is  now  torn  away.  The  Christians  were  third,  and  the 
Gonjrreirationalists  fourth. 

•  In  the  fall  of  '37  a  camp-meeting  was  held  near  Levi  McDaniels' 
farm-house,  which  lasted  12  days.  This,  it  is  said,  was  supported 
by  people  of  all  denominations,  and  all  were  united  in  the  great 
work,  (^uite  a  number  joined  the  Church  during  this  meeting.  In 
1838  an(jther  was  held  in  the  same  place.  Settlers  came  from  a 
distance  of  30  to  40  miles  to  attend  these  meetings 

The  first  school  was  taui^ht  in  the  Methodist  church  by  Deacon 
Mason.  Then  there  was  a  little  frame  school-house  erected  north 
of  Bright's  saloon.  It  was  moved  several  times  afterward,  and  a 
difference  of  opinion  exists  in  regard  to  its  original  location. 

Barry  grew  and  prospered  at  times,- and  again,  like  other  towns, 
it  suffered  seasons  of  stagnation.  To-day  it  is  a  beautiful  little  city 
with  line  church  edifices,  large,  magnificent  school  buildings,  good 
business  houses,  neat  and  beautiful  residences,  and  indeed  a  live, 
enterprising  little  city.  The  high  grade  of  society  existing  here  is 
something  worthy  the  boast  and  pride  of  its  residents.  The  courtly 
Southerner,  the  careful  Easterner  and  the  thrifty  New  Yorker  are 
met  here,  and  it  is  therefore  natural  that  a  social  system  should  be 
established  which  is  culled  from  the  high  standard  of  the  sections 
named.  These,  taken  with  the  enterprising  spirit  and  jyractical 
character  of  the  Westerner,  give  origin  to  a  new  society,  more  pleas- 
ant than  either,  with  the  best  social  ethics  of  all,  mingled  in  one 
common  fountain,  from  which  flow  the  eletnents  of  the  best  society. 

In  educational  matters  no  city  or  town  in  the  county  takes  a 
greater  interest.     In    religious  teachings  and  Christian  morality 


t? 


soo 


IIISTOKV    OK    I'lKK    CUUNTV. 


liiirrv  eoiiipiires  tiivorably  with  those  townis  liaviii<^  h  hir^i-r  lumi- 
)>er  of  cliwrch  ?;])ires  pointiui;  he;ivtMn\iir<l.  In  those  iiioveinents 
to  niiso  thu  t'jilk'ii  Hud  (Jo<;r;ule(l,  to  hflp  the  poor,  to  encourage  the 
weak,  the  good  jjuople  of  Barry  are  ever  eri«;ai^e(l.  Some  graiitl 
efforts  have  been  tiuule  in  tlie  temperance  cause  by  the  noble  peo- 
ple of  this  city.  The  onuse  of  teniperaiice  is  like  that  of  Chrit^tian 
religion  in  tliis  respect,  that  it  is  found  in  ;;reat  variety  of  shapes 
and  methods.  In  other  words,  it  has  taken  upon  itself  the  most 
remarkable  forms  in  the  wav  of  orininizations.  IJwt.  unlike  Chris- 
tianitv,  which  is  historicallv  traced  throuj;h  the  narrow  sects  and 
societies,  the  cause  (»f  temperance  seems  to  run  throuijh  tlie  nu»st 
Wonderful  ciumges.  As  s«>on  as  »»ne  particular  f<u*m  of  hilmr  has 
lost  its  interest  to  the  |)ublic,  the  friends  of  temperatice  reorganize, 
and  are  found  Ial)oring  in  a  different  manner.  Hence  we  iind  it 
im|)o8sil>Ie  tt»  tnici'  properly,  in  the  short  space  allotted,  the  historv 
t»f  the  ditferent  forms  and  sIuijk's  in  which  tii«>  frini.ls  .if  teiiijuT 
ance  Iiave  tioen  organized. 

With  the  enterprise  characteristic  of  the  city,  an  artesian  well 
was  begun  t»»  be  put  down  during  the  month  «»f  ()ctol»er,  187t*. 
Ti»e  citv  agree«l  t<»  pay  two  (hdlars  and  titty  cents  per  foot  for  the 
first  1,5UU  feet,  ami  after  thjit  depth  waj*  reached,  if  n(»t  a  sufficient 
flow  «>f  water,  tlie  contractors  were  to  receive  three  dollars  per  foot 
for  the  next  r>t>()  feet.  The  city  had  appro|>riatcd,  up  to  .March  20, 
isso,  ;j(.'>.0(»0  to  carry  on  the  work.  The  site  of  the  well,  which  is 
in  the  park  in  the  Public  S«|uare,  is  the  highest  point  of  ground 
in  the  county,  ami  therefi>re  a  great  depth  will  necessarily  have  to 
be  reaclml  In-fore  an  abundant  supply  of  water  is  obtained.  At 
the  present  writing  water  does  not  yet  flow,  and  work  still  goes  on. 
The  city,  we  are  told,  will  undoubtedly  go  2,5* ►O  feet  in  order  to 
obtain  a  supply.  The  top  cutting  is  six  inches  in  diameter,  di- 
minishing to  four  and  tive-eigiiths  and  three  and  one-iialf. 

Harry  was  incorporated  as  a  tt)wn  in  ISoO.  An  election  was 
held  Jan.  14  of  that  year  to  vote  for  or  agjiinst  incorporation,  when 
92  votes  were  cast  for,  and  none  against  the  meat-ure.  The  follow- 
ingTrustees  were  then  clioscn  and  lield  their  tirst  meeting  Jan.  31  : 
A.  Grubb,  J<ilin  Watson,  X.  Oomwell,  J.  M.  Dabin-y  and  ('.  S. 
Allen.  Those  were  sworn  in  by  Justice  M.  Blair,  when  they 
elected  John  Watson  as  IVesident  and  John  Shastid,  Clerk. 

Nov.  18,  1872,  Barry  was  organized  as  a  city.  The  nresent  City 
Council  is  composed  of  the  following  gentlemen:  K.  K.  Burnham, 
Mayor;  J.  R.  lioward,  J.  Wel>er,  T.  Davis,  Matthew  I'eterson,  S. 
M«»rs  and  James  Watson,  Aldermen;  C.  C  lioasa.  City  Clerk;  W. 
I.  Klein,  Citv  Attorney;  J.C.  Brown,  Treasurer;  John  AVhettleton, 
Marshal,  and  J.  E.  Ilaines,  Street  Commissioner. 

SCHOOL,  C'HIRCUKS  AND   SOCIffriES. 

The  fine  brick  school-building  of  the  citv  was  erected  in  1874,  at 
a  cost  of  |il5,000.  It  was  built  by  Wm.T.  Mitchell,  of  Barry.  It 
is  beautifully  situated,  and  presents  to  the  stranger  as  he  enters  the 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  SUl 

city  by  rail  a  most  mai^tuticeiit  view.  The  ScIkjoI  Directors  in 
18G3  were  C^ilviu  Davis,  X.  P.  Hart  and  J.  II.  Mallory.  The  pres- 
ent Directors  are  E.  A.  Craiidall,  N.  1*.  iiart  and  Alexander  White. 
Tliere  are  enrolled  401  scholars.  The  princii>al  is  Prof.  J.  F.  Claik. 
The  teachers  are,  first  assistant,  Miss  E.  Greene;  first  grammar  de- 
partment, John  ^I.  Woodby;  second  grammar,  Prof.  (tco.  W. 
Smith;  intermediate,  Miss  Ella  McMahan  and  Wm.  Triplett; 
primary,  Ida  Luthey  and  ]\tay  Poling. 

Rev.  A.  M.  Danely  is  Pastor  of  the  Methodist  Churcli.  There 
is  connected  with  the  congregation  a  good  Sunday-school,  wliich 
meets  at  9:30  a.  m. 

llev.  William  Greene  is  Pastor  of  the  Baptist  Church.  Services 
are  held  on  the  second  and  fourth  Sundays  in  each  month. 

Elder  AV.  E.  Berry  is  Pastor  of  the  Christian  Church.  Services 
are  held  every  Sundav  morning  and  evening.  Sunday-school  at 
9:30  A.  M. 

Barry  Lodge,  l^o.  3-i,  of  the  Masonic  order,  was  organized  Aug. 
29,  1845.  Michael  Gard  was  the  first  Grand  Master;  Jos.  Jack- 
son, Sen.  W,,  George  Wike,  Jr.  AV. ;  W.  J,  Alkire,  Treasurer; 
Elisha  Hurt,  Secretary;  Eli  Longnecker,  Sr.  Deacon;  Joseph  Al- 
kire, Jr.  Deacon;  Joseph  Lippincott,  Tyler.  These  constituted 
the  original  officers,  only  two  of  whom  are  now  living,  namely, 
E.  Hurt  and  W.J.  Alkire.  The  present  officers  are,  D.  W.  Greene, 
W.  M.;  A.  R.  Gray,  Sr.  W.;  George  Wike,  Jr.  W.;  John  P. 
Grubb,  Sr.  Deacon;  R.  D.  Osborne,  Jr.  Deacon;  B.  McConnell, 
Treasurer;  M.  G.  Patterson,  Sec'y. ;  M  Lane  and  John  Palmer, 
Stewards;  J.  F.  Phillips,  Chaplain,  and  J.  L.  Terry,  Tyler. 

Barry  Lodge,  No.  336,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  was  organized  Oct.  9,  1n66. 
Alexander  AVhite,  E.  M.  Call,  Alexander  Easly,  J.  B.  Keever,  R. 
B.  Iliggins,  W.  B.  Clancy  and  J.  Rosenburgh  were  iis  charter  mem- 
bers. The  present  officers  are — J.  W.  Mitchell,  N.  G.;  C.  C. 
Roasa,  V.  G.;  J.  X.  AVidby,  R.  Sec'y;  Thomas  Retalic,  Financial 
Sec'}';  W.  Chrysup,  Treasurer.  The  present  membership 
numbers  116. 

The  Evening  Star  Lodge,  No.  21,  Daughters  of  Rebecca,  was 
organized  Oct.  11,  1870,  with  14  charter  members.  The  present 
officers  are — Alexander  Easlv,  First  N.  G.;  iSIiss  Nellie  Bingham, 
N.  G.;  Mrs.  G.  W.  Doyle,  V.  G.;  Miss  Ella  Furniss,  Rec. 
Sec'y;  G.W.Smith,  Financial  Sec'y;  Miss  Lizzie  Furniss,  Treas- 
urer.    This  Lodge  has  a  membership  of  72. 

Progress  Encampment,  No.  162,  I.  ().  O.  F.,  was  organized  in 
Octol)er,  1876,  with  18  members.  At  present  the  officers  are — 
G.  D.  Mayes,  C.  P.;  Z.  B.  Stoddard,  Scribe;  James  Smith,  Treasurer. 
Membership  45. 

Goodwill  Lodge,  No.  1,791,  K.  of  H.,  meets  on  the  first  and 
third  Mondays  of  each  month.    J.  AV^eber,  D.,  and  J.  S.  Gorton,  R. 

Barry  Chapter,  No.  88,  R.  A.  M.,  meets  Monday  night  on  or 
before  the  full  moon  in  each  month.  J.  J.  Topliff,  H.  P.;  F.  M. 
Dabney,  Sec'y. 


80J 


HlKToHY    OK    PIKK   COUNTY, 


BKKiKAI'IIK'AL  DEPARTMENT. 

Ill  connection  with,  and  us  a  part  of  tlu*  history  of  Barry  town- 
if.hi|»  and  city,  we  wish  t<i  ^|>eak  ))er8onal)y  of  the  ohl  settlers  and 
pmmiiH'iit  citizens,  which  we  do  l»elow,  arran;j:e<l  in  alpliabelicul 
ionn. 

A.  B.  Allen,  jeweler,  H.irry,  is  a  native  of  Monmouth  county, 
N.  J.,  where  he  was  l>orn  in  1^44;  (ymio  to  this  State  in  1S53  and 
settles!  in  Lincoln;  suhse.juently  he  removed  to  L.ii;:in  cumity, 
thence  to  Macoupin  coTuity,  and  to  this  county  in  l^T.'i,  wlu-n  he 
estaldished  himself  in  his  jtresont  husiness,  and  where  he  lias 
since  made  it  his  home,  lie  was  married  in  1^72  txt  Miss  Mattie 
Harris,  a  native  oi  this  State,  and  tluy  liavo  1  cliild  liviiio;,  Leata. 
Mr.  A.  is  a  man  of  C4tn9idiral»leinventiv«' cjipacitios,  which  is  heinij 
used  to  pnicfi<"»l  mi  rims*  ■;  lie  lius  :i  lair  Iraih*  and  '"s  a  trnnd 
citizen. 

L^tris  Angl^  was  born  in  Lynchhur*^,  Va.,  Jan.  7,  1^23.  He 
was  a  s«»n  of  .Vlfrtnl  an<i  Sarah  ((Jn-en)  An^le,  wh<»  livi'<|  fnr  many 
years  in  Lvnchhuri;,  \'a.,  wlu-re  thev  died  and  were  l)uried.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  re^ided  with  his  parents  until  his  iHth  year, 
when  he  li-ft  his  native  town  to  seek  a  home  in  the  West,  came  to 
St.  I^iuis.  Mo.,  thence  to  llannih.il,  where  lie  resided  until  I'^4r», 
when  he  came  to  Harry.  In  March,  1S52.  he  r-  •♦  •  i  with  the 
liarrv    itaptist   Church.      In    .May,    \sb\   he  was  i    Oi-ucon, 

which  otlice  lie  held  to  the  day  of  his  death.  lie  was  united  in 
marriajre  .Inly  19,  1S52,  with  Miss  Harriet  E.  Orandall.  They 
liavf  3  ehildren.  Alice  E.,  now  the  wife  »»f  .I»»hn  L.  Cassidy;  tln-y 
were  marrii'd  Oct.  20,  1S77.  and  reside  in  St.  bmi^  .M<».;  Delia 
M.  atiil  Krwldie  i.  .Mr.  An;;le  died  in  Harry  March  19,  187H, 
where  f«»r  more  than  30  years  he  was  one  of  the  most  |>rominerit 
and  eneriTftic  husinoss  men  of  tlie  county.  Durin;;  this  tiiiif  he 
was  en^i^'t'tl  extensivtdy  in  the  dryj^oods  and  grocery  trade,  pork- 
pjickinij  and  pr«Kiuce  huyin;;;  a  partner  in  the  liarry  Woolen  Mills 
and  luniher  tnide.  and  in  the  Harry  E.xehanj^c  Hank.  He  was  a 
model  man  in  all  the  relations  of  life,  kind-hearted,  benevolent, 
prompt  to  fultill  all  the  duties  of  husband,  father,  frieiiij.  Christian 
and  citizen.  Tin*  church  lost  a  faithful  member,  the  community 
an  energetic  friend;  his  family  a  kiiul  husband  and  loving  father; 
the  jXK»r  a  benefactor,  for  to  them  he  gave  work  by  which  they 
Could  earn  s«tmething.  His  credit  was  nnl)oundetl,  inte<rrity  nti- 
tarnisheil,  and  honesty  unim{>eached.  He  was  buried  Thursday, 
March  20,  1878.  The  sermon  was  prcaclied  by  liis  Pastor,  liev. 
Wm.  Green,  from  the  te.vt,  John  xiv.  2,  last  clause:  "I  go  to 
}>repare  a  place  for  you."  The  difterent  denominations,  Ma.Mins 
and  ()d<]  Fellows,  united  in  the  funeral  services.  His  body  was 
followed  to  the  grave  by  the  largest  concourse  of  people  ever  in 
procession  t(^  the  burying  groun«i  in  this  pirt  of  tne  county.  A 
jMjrtrait  of  Mr.  Angle  will  be  found  in  this  work.  Mrs.  Angle 
still  resides  at  the  old  homef^tead  at  Harrv, 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  805 

Thomas  Ardron,  P.  O.,  Barry,  is  the  son  of  William  and  Ann 
(Booth)  Ardron,  natives  of  Yorkshire,  Eiig.,  who  enii<;rated  to  this 
country  in  1848,  and  settled  in  lladiey  township  the  following year, 
stopping  one  year  in  N.  Y.  Traveled  tVoni  N.  Y.  by  way  of  the 
canal  and  lakes  to  Griggsville  Landing.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Y'orkshire,  Eng..  where  he  was  married  in  1837  to 
Miss  Ann  Broadhens,  a  native  of  Cheshire,  Eng.,  and  daughter  of 
Thomas  and  Susannah  (^Cheatham)  Broadhens.  Mr.  A.  began  the 
struggle  in  life  without  capital,  and  has  made  a  success.  He  is 
agent  for  Lyman  Brown's  Seven-Barks  medicine,  and  has  a  lucra- 
tive trade. 

Jacob  Aue/',  fanner,  sec.  32;  P.  O.,  Kinderhook;  was  born  in 
Germany,  in  1823,  where  he  was  married  in  1847  to  Miss  Gotleben 
Ilendte.  He  emigrated  to  America  in  1853;  she  came  in  1855, 
and  the\'  settled  in  Penns}'lvauia,  where  he  lived  until  18dO,  when 
he  moved  to  this  county  and  settled  on  Bay  creek.  In  1864  he 
moved  on  his  present  farm  of  40  acres  and  a  large  vineyard,  from 
which  he  has  some  trade.  They  have  6  children,  Rosena  K.,  Char- 
lotte G.,  Mary,  Caroline,  Sally  and  Jennie.  ^Ir.  and  Mrs.  Auer 
are  membei-s  of  the  German  Lutheran  Church. 

A.  C.  Baker,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  London,  Eng.,  in  1813,  and  is 
a  son  of  Edward  and  Lucy  (Dickinson)  Baker,  who  emigrated  to 
thk  country  in  1815  and  settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  he  engaged 
in  leaching,  until  1825,  when  he  moved  to  White  county,  111.  Sub- 
sequently he  moved  to  Greene  county,  where  he  died  in  1835.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  began  the  study  of  medicine  with  Dr.  Worth- 
ingion,  at  Pittstield,  and  attended  the  Ohio  Medical  College  at 
Cincinnati,  where  he  was  graduated  in  1837.  He  began  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  at  Pittstield,  and  the  following  year  moved  to 
this  city,  where  he  has  since  been  in  constant  practice.  He  was 
married  in  1844  to  Miss  IMartha  A.,  niece  of  John  Barney,  of 
Pittsiield,  and  daughter  of  West  Barney,  by  whom  he  has  live  chil- 
dren livino:.  In  the  winter  of  1850-1  he  went  with  laborers  to  Pa- 
nama  and  opened  the  Paiuima  railroad,  cutting  and  grading  it. 
Col.  Baker,  his  brother  who  was  killed  in  the  army,  had  the  con- 
tract for  this  work.  In  1853  he  crossed  the  plains  to  California 
with  a  herd  of  cattle  from  this  ])lace,  and  returned  without  acci- 
dent the  following  year.  He  has  been  hunting  along  the  Humboldt 
river  in  the  midst  of  Indians,  and  was  always  well  treated.  He 
served  two  years  as  Surgeon  in  the  71st  Penn.  Reg.,  in|Col.  Baker's 
Brigade.  He  is  the  oldest  practicing  physician  in  Barry,  and  one 
of  the  oldest  settlers  of  the  township. 

Col.  Benjam'm  Barney,  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  prominent 
citizens  of  Pike  county,  and  to  whom  reference  is  so  often  made  on 
the  pages  of  this  volume,  was  born  in  Berkshire  county,  ]\[ass., 
Sept.  4,  1795.  The  first  of  his  ancestry  in  America  in  the  jiaternal 
line  was  William  Barney,  a  native  of  Ireland,  a  great-grandfather  uf 
the  subject  of  this  biographical  notice,  who  emigrated  to  Massachu- 
setts about  200  years  ago ;  the  next  in  line  wasWilliam  again,  and  then 

46 


806 


msTOHv  <iK  piKK  County, 


Bcnjaiiiiii,  the  latliei'  <tt"  the  Colonel,  who  enlisted  in  the  Continen- 
tal arinv  untliT  (ien.  Washini;tvtn  when  hnt  14  vears  ufa^e;  at  the 
close  of  that  war  he  niarrieil  Miss  Kli/.aheth  Crape,  who  both  *lietl 
at  tlie  a;;e  ot  CO  years,  anil  within  a  year  of  eaeh  other.  They  had 
6  sons  antl  ."»  daii^'hters,  all  of  whom  i^rew  up  to  adult  years, 
namely,  Joseph,  Mar;^aret.  Polly.  West,  Ann,  Herijamin,  Ilejtsey, 
Marshall,  Manly.  l)el)orah  and  John.  .It»sejth  seryed  in  the  war  of 
1^12,  and  was  mortally  woundc-ii  at  the  hattle  (d'Saekett's  ilarhor. 
lie  \yas  Lieutena:it,  hut  during  thataetion  was  serving  as  Captain. 

The  suhjeet  ()f  this  hketch.CoI.  Harney,  first  eame  to  Pike  (u)unty 
in  1*^lM!,  loeatini;  nt  Atlas,  then  the  eoiinty-si'at.  He  was  a  hlack- 
smilh  liy  trade,  and  thinks  he  startftl  the  tir.st  hlaeksmith  for^e  in 
the  county,  and  perhaps  made  the  first  j)lo\v.  In  1S30  he  was 
elected  otie  of  the  three  County  (Commissioners,  the  other  two  being 
CharltR  Stratton  and  .Vndrew  Phillips.  In  April,  ls33,  the  county 
delcrminetl  to  moye  its  eaj)ital  to  a  more  central  plaee,  and  finally 
it  was  decided  to  place  it  where  Pittstield  now  stands,  when  arose 
the  tlitlieulty  of  liorrowini;  the  necessary  ;Jn20U  to  enter  the  ijuarter 
section.  The  moiu'y  was  eventually  ohtaineti  on  the  individual 
Motes  of  Col.  Harney  atnl  (ieorire  W.  ilininan,  in  A|)ril.  In  .lune 
the  lain!  was  surveyed  and  laiii  <dV,  C«d.  Harney  and  .Messrs.  Ilin- 
ntan  and  .Iud«l  reservin;;  lots  on  the  north  side  of  the  Souare  for  the 
use  of  a  (,'ourt  House,  hut  the  site  was  finally  chant^ed  to  the  cen- 
ter «»f  the  Sjtiare,  as  it  is  now.  As  so<»n  as  the  survry  was  ciunjdeted, 
tiie  lots  were  sold  at  aucti«>n,  hrin^iii;;  eiiou^'h  almost  to  complete 
the  county  buildings.  In  SfptemlnT,  1>S33,  tlie  Commissiuners  had 
a  hotjse  built  bv  Mr.  Hurt,  in  which,  before  it  was  finished,  they 
hehl  a  session  ot  tlu-ir  court. 

in  April,  ls3ii,  while  Col.  Harney  was  working  at  his  forge  in 
Atlas,  about  11  o'clock,  a.  m.,  he  was  notified  by  Col.  lioss  of  the 
Goyern»»r's  order  tt)  raise  a  c<»nipany  of  100  men  to  serve  in  tiie 
HIack  Hawk  war.  and  to  report  at  Hcardstown  the  following  Mon- 
day. He  immediately  started  on  hi»rs(;back  to  rally  a  company, 
and  was  successful.  In  the  election  of  officers  the  next  day  Mr. 
Harney  was  made  1st  Lieutemmt.  They  arrived  at  Heardstown 
about  4  I*.  M.,  Tuesday,  where  the  comj)any  was  divxled  into  two, 
Mr.  Harney  being  elected  Captain  of  one,  and  receiving  his  conj- 
mission  from  Gov.  lieynolds.  The  company  was  in  the  service  50 
days,  when  they  were  relieved  by  regular  U.  S.  troops.  In  the  fall 
of  1832  Col.  Ross  resigned,  and  Capt.  Harney  was  elected  Colonel 
of  the  l(5th  111.  Vol.  Mil.,  and  acte«l  [as  such  until  1^38  or  IsS'J. 
Politically  Col.  Harney  was  a  Whig  and  now  is  a  Republican.  The 
portrait  of  the  Colonel  given  in  this  book  is  from  a  photograph 
taken  when  he  was  74  years  of  age,  and  the  facsimile  of  his  auto- 
graph from  his  writing  at  tlie  age  of  So. 

His  bn>ther,  John  Harney,  of  Pittsfield,  has  been  Treasurer  of 
the  county,  and  is  several  times  referred  to  on  the  pages  of  this 
history. 


I 


HISTORY    OF    I'lKE    CODNTV.  807 

Calvin  D.  Blair,  fanner,  sec.  36;  P.  0.,Barrv;  was  born  in  this 
tp.  Dec.  8,  1851,  and  is  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Eliza  (Gose)  Blair, 
natives  of  Vir«^inia,  wlio  settled  in  this  township  in  1828.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1870  to  Miiss  Dora  Blake,  a 
native  of  this  county.  He  settled  on  his  present  place  of  3i^  acres,  in 
1877.  Is  School  rjirector  at  present  time,  and  he  and  his  wife  are 
descendants  of  Bike  county's  early  ])ioneers. 

Harvey  Bhi'n\  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Indiana,  and  came  to 
this  county  at  a  very  early  day,  where  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Millie  A.  Cuniiiiii^ham,  d;ui<i;hter  of  John  Cunnini^ham,  an  early 
settler  in  Pleasant  Yale  tj).,  and  widow  of  Jas.  Luttenil.  ^Ir.  B. 
settled  on  his  present  estate  in  IS-tO,  where  he  resided  until  his 
death  in  1871).  Mrs.  B.  has  a  farm  of  230  acres,  valued  at  $00  per 
acre  ;  also  25  acres  in  Pleasant  Yale  tp.,  where  her  fatlier  is  a  resi- 
dent.    She  resides  on  sec.  35;  P.  O.,  Barry. 

Samuel  Blair,  tanner,  sec.  35;  P.  O.,  Barry;  is  a  son  of  AVilliam 
M.  and  ^[artha  (Quiet)  Blair,  natives  of  Kentucky,  who  came  to 
this  county  and  settled  in  Barry  tp.  in  1828,  where  they  both  died. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Madison  county,  O.,  Oct.  1, 
1806,  and  came  to  this  county  with  his  parents.  lie  settled  on  liis 
present  estate  in  1834,  consisting  of  110  acres,  valued  at  >>75  per 
acre.  In  1830  he  was  married  to  Miss  Anna  Brewster,  a  native  of 
New  York,  who  died  in  1840.  By  this  union  1  child  was  born, 
Louisa.  Ilis  present  wife,  Eliza, n^e  Gose,  is  a  native  of  Yirginia.  To 
them  have  been  born  6  children,  3  boys  and  3  girls  :  Calvin  D., 
William  S.,  George  C,  Alta  C,  wife  of  G.  W.  Smith,  Lucina  and 
Martha  Q.  E.  Mr.  Blair  numbers  among  the  living  pioneers  of 
Barry  tp.  Politically  he  is  a  descendant  of  the  old  Democratic 
school,  and  is  well  known  throuo:hout  the  county. 

Leander  Blake,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Cum- 
berland county,  Maine,  in  1811-,  the  son  of  Ephraim  and  Desiah  P. 
(Higgins)  Blake,  natives  of  that  State,  who  came  to  this  county  in 
1847,  and  settled  on  the  present  place, consisting  of  321  acres,  val- 
ued at  $40  per  acre.  Ue  resided  here  until  his  death  in  1875;  she 
died  in  1879,  both  86  j'ears  of  age.  Leander  came  to  this  county 
in  1842  and  landed  in  Barry  with  but  2  five-franc  pieces  in  his 
pocket.  Ilis  first  work  was  at  rail  splitting,  for  which  he  was  paid 
5  bits  per  hundred,  taking  pork  in  payment  at  2  cents  ])er  lb.;  but 
by  economy  he  was  soon  enabled  to  purchase  a  little  land,  and  now 
owes  no  man  a  dollar.  His  present  farm  has  cost  him  $6,500  be- 
sides the  improvements.  He  was  married  in  Pennsylvania  in  1839 
to  Miss  Mary  Charles,  a  native  of  that  State,  where  she  was  born 
in  1819.  She  was  a  life-long  crip]»le,  and  died  of  the  eftects  of  a 
fall  from  a  buggy  in  March,  1880.  They  had  8  children,  4  of  whom 
are  living, — Preston,  Ella,  Dora  and  Ei)enezer.  Mr.  P>.  had  a 
thorough  New  England  schooling,  and  is  well  versed  in  the  difi'er- 
ent  languages.  He  was  for  some  years  engaged  in  teaching  school 
in  his  native  State  and  Pennsylvania.  lias  been  Assessor  one 
term,  and  has  held  other  official  positions.     In  politics  he  used  to 


808 


HISTORY    OF    I'lKE   COUNTY. 


be  an  old-line  Whi<^  ;  was  a  8tron«^  Doui^liis  iimu,  ami  is  now  a 
thoroii^li  Ut'|»ul>lioaii. 

A.  G.  BUciH,  fanner,  sec.  2;  P.  (>.,  ilany;  was  horn  in  (Tcncseo 
county,  M.  Y.,  in  lJ^30,  the  eon  of  iSainuel  Vi.  and  Maliel  M. 
(Wheeler)  liiiven,  natives  (»r  that  State,  who  emigrated  to  Illifiois 
in  ls34  and  settled  near  (^)iiinev,  where  they  still  reside.  The 
suhject  of"  this  sketch  c^iiiit?  t<»  this  county  in  \x'A\  and  settled  on 
liis  present  estate,  consisting  of  ]<»(»  acres  valued  at  1^50  per  acre; 
also  has  *J41  acres  '\\\  Kichtield  tp.,  Adams  county.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  IS53  to  Miss  Kleanor  Foster,  who  was  horn  in  Hamilton 
c(>unty,  ()..  in  18."'.(».  In  l.s<t2  he  enlisted  as  Orderly  SerLTcnnt  in 
Co.  F,  ll^tli  111.  Vol.;  was  nronioted  1st  Lieut.,  in  which  capacity 
lie  served  until  lie  rcsij^ned  hy  reason  of  a  wound  received  at  Fort 
IhidsiMi.  La.,  April  7,  1S»U.  The  hall  entered  the  hip  and  lod^jed 
in  the  left  le^,  where  it  still  remains,  and  has  crippird  him  f»»r  life. 
Hi'  was  a  participant  in  the  hattles  «»f  .Jackson,  Miss.,  sie^'e  of 
Vickshurji,  F«»rt  Hudson,  Vermillionvillc,  Ciiickasaw  HlulVs,  For- 
Gibson,  and  the  first  hattle  at  Vickshurt;,  utuler  Siierman,  Arkant 
gas  post,  and  all  <  nents  in  which  the  Ke^itnent  participated, 

Mr.  li.  is  continei;  ;..i  .;jost  «»f  the  time  tt»  the  aid  of  crutches,  and 
is  a  living  relic  of  tiie  Rebellion.  His  home  was  hurned  to  the 
pound  May  23,  18('i5,  and  Oct.  2.S,  1871,  his  barn  with  seven 
bead  of  horses  atid  mules  was  ilestroyed  by  a  supposed  incendiary. 
Is'otwithstamlin;;  all  these  reverses.  Mr.  li.  has  successfully  over- 
come all  olK^tades  and  trials,  and  through  his  j)ersfcverance  and 
ener;;y  has  erected  a  fine  residence  on  the  same  site  of  ground, 
and  a(  cumulat^'d  a  pK»d  landetl  property.  His  opportunities  for 
e<lucation  were  limited,  but  his  ]»rinciplcs  were  always  earnest  in 
the  cJiuse  of  his  Ctovernnjcnt,  and  tiie  j)romul;;ation  <jf  Republican 
principles.  He  is  the  father  of  3  cliildren,  Willis  E.,  Salina  A. 
and  l«la  ^L 

^Ytn.  Jivthxr'u'k,  t'armer.  sec.  1>;  i'.  ( ).,  J'arry;  was  horn  in 
Nova  Scotia  in  1^32.  His  parents,  James  and  Mary  (I)ilmon) 
Bt>thwick,  were  natives  of  Kn<;land.  He  was  married  in  1n59  to 
Miss  .Martha  Likes,  a  native  of  this  county,  who  died  in  1873,  leav- 
in<;  him  7  children,  Mary,  Isal>el,  Emma,  Minerva,  Parbara,  James 
ami  William.  His  present  wife,  Isabel,  toe  Lane,  is  a  native  of 
Indiana.  Mr.  F.  came  to  this  county  in  ls57,  and  s(;ttlcd  in  this 
section,  where  he  has  since  made  it  iiis  home;  moved  on  Ins  pres- 
ent farm  in  187s,  consisting  of  lir»  acres,  valued  at  $10,000.  Has 
been  Justice  of  the  Peace.  Is  a  meml>er  of  the  Masonic  Order  and 
Methodist  ("hurch.      In  j>olitics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

C.  E.  Bower  was  born  in  Madison  county,  Ohio,  in  1833.  and 
was  brought  by  his  parents  to  Pike  county,  111.,  settling  in  Derry 
tp.,  where  he  remainetl  until  185m,  when  they  moVed  to  Barry  tp. ; 
and  in  1852  Mr.  Powers  crossed  the  plains,  driving  an  o.\-team 
every  mile  of  the  way.  Was  engaged  in  farming  and  explored 
Oregon  at  that  time,  which  was  a  perfect  wiUlerness,  and  in  1857 
he  returne<I  home.     In   1858    he  married    Miss  Barbara    Wrijjht, 


HISTORT    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  809 

dautrliter  of  Abiah  Wrii;ht,  who  were  natives  of  Ohio.  They 
liavc  had  born  to  them  0  children,  3  sons  and  3  daughters,  all  of 
whom  are  livin<i^.  rteul)eii  D.  is  the  eldest,  and  is  now  attending 
Lombard  University  at  Galesburg.  Mr,  I>.  has  a  good  farm,  con- 
sisting of  over  200  acres  of  the  finest  land  in  old  Pike.  Mr.  J>. 
made  a  trip  back  to  California  in  1879,  which  was  an  enj\)yable 
tour,  lie  is  a  self-made  man,  and  has  secured  his  ]>resent  position 
among  the  farmers  of  Pike  county  by  his  industry  and  energy. 

John  Brenner^  shoemaker,  Barry,  was  born  in  Ireland,  April  17, 
1820,  and  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1852,  stopping  in  Xew 
York  city  about  G  weeks;  then  stopped  at  Columbus,  O.,  about  a 
month;  then  was  in  Cincinnati  two  years,  making  shoes;  then  was 
in  C^uincy,  111.,  several  years,  following  his  trade;  then,  in  1864,  he 
came  to  Barry,  where  he  worked  with  Mr.  Wendorfi",  a  shoemaker; 
in  1877  Mr.  Brenner  opened  shop  for  himself  and  is  now  prosecut- 
ing a  good  business.  In  1856  he  married  Margaret  Clark,  and  of 
the  8  children  born  to  them  7  are  living,  namely:  George,  Sarah, 
Thomas,  John,  Allena,  Katie  and  Edward. 

William  Bright^  proprietor  of  saloon,  Barry,  was  born  in  Prussia 
in  1824,  and  emigrated  to  America  in  1849,  landing  at  Baltimore. 
Came  to  this  county  in  1855  and  settled  in  Barr}-.  Was  married 
in  St.  Louis,  in  1853,  and  is  the  father  of  8  children,  5  daughters 
and  3  sons,  6  of  whom  are  living.  He  is  located  in  business  on 
the  east  side  of  Bainbridge  street,  where  he  is  conducting  a  good 
trade. 

B.  D.  Brown^  retired  farmer,  sec.  25;  P.  O.,  Barry  ;  is  a  son  of 
William  and  Ann  (Dodge)  Brown,  natives  of  Massachusetts,  who 
■emigrated  to  Illinois  from  Yermontin  1848,  and  settled  in  this  tp., 
where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Essex 
county,  Mass.,  in  Feb.,  1804;  was  married  in  1831  to  Miss  Mary 
Kellum,  a  native  of  Barre,  Yt.,  and  daughter  of  Charles  and  lie. 
becca  (Rice)  Kellum.  lie  came  to  this  county  in  1833  and  settled 
in  Atlas  t]>. ;  soon  afterward  he  built  a  mill  at  Louisiana,  Mo.,  and 
engaged  in  milling  at  St.  Louis,  during  which  time  he  ])urchased 
his  present  estate  of  150  acres,  valued  at  $75  per  acre.  Here  he 
settled  in  1839,  and  for  several  years  engaged  in  the  mercantile 
business  in  this  cit}',  and  in  com]mny  with  Mr.  McTucker  ])ur- 
chased  the  mill,  where  he  was  e.xtensivel}'  engaged  in  milling  until 
lie  retired  from  the  active  field  of  life  to  the  enjoyment  of  his  suc- 
cess. He  represented  Pike  count}'  in  the  Legislature  in  '41-2,  and 
has  always  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  <->f  the  county. 
Ilis  success  is  wholly  due  to  his  energy,  sagacity,  and  indomitable 
perseverance  in  overcoming  all  obstacles,  and  his  declining  years 
are  being  s]ient  in  the  comforts  of  his  pleasant  home,  the  result  of  a 
well-directed  industry.  His  political  opinions  are  based  upon  the 
principles  pi'omulgated  bv  the  old-line  Whigs,  and  indorsed  by  the 
Republican  party.      The  city  of  Ban-y  was  named  in  honor  of  his 


810 


HI6TORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 


wife's  birth|>lace,  Barre,  Vt.     He  is  a  stockholder  of  the  baiikiji<^ 
ineiitiitioii  of  thii?  city. 

John  II.  Jiroirti  is  a  native  of  PittsticM.  anil  was  horn  ^lay  'J«), 
1847,  tlje  son  of  L,  II.  Hrown,  of  l»arrv,  who  came  to  this  county 
in  earlv  dav.  In  isTo  he  married  Kmma  I ).  Wcsthike.  dau<ri»tor 
of  Win.  Wcsthike,  deceased,  and  they  liave  2  chihh-en,  Norton  and 
Frc<  I . 

ILitm-  Jirowiiell,  farmer,  sec.  28;  V.  <  >.,  Harry;  son  of  Benja- 
min and  Jane  (Rickey)  Brownell,  natives  of  New  York,  who  emi- 
grated t<i  Pike  county  in  1840  and  jmrchased  the  homestead  farm, 
wlicrehc  lived  until  hi.s  death,  which  occurred  March  2l«,  IST'J;  she 
died  the  followin<;  week.  The  houjcstead  ct>nsists  of  l(lo  acres, 
which  were  hid  oH'  hy  Col.  Itoss  for  taxes,  who  sold  to  Mr.  B.  It 
is  now  valued  at  $50  |»er  acre.  The  suhject  of  this  sketch  was  horn 
in  Delaware  county,  N.  V.,  in  1^:?3;  was  married  .Jan.  I,  ISST),  to 
Miss  Anna  Bailey,  a  native  (»f  Philadelphia.  To  them  have  been 
born  3  children.  William,  .lames  and  Ilattit*.  Benjamin  Bntwnell 
was  a  local  MetlKxIist  nreacher  in  New  York  and  Illinois,  and  was 
wi<lely  known  as  a  zealous  defender  of  the  faith  ami  worker  in  the 
Master's  vineyartl. 

E.  Ji.  liurnfmtn,  photographer,  and  the  j»resent  Mavor  of  the 
city  of  Barry,  was  Ixirn  in  Thibodeaux.  j>arish  of  La  Fi»urchc,  La., 
and  is  a  son  of  E.  T.  P.urnham.  deceased,  a  mitivi-  of  Hartford, 
Conn.,  wh(»  died  Atig.  ir>.  IsTS,  He  was  in  New  ()rlcan>  ilwring 
the  Kebellion,  saw  (ien.  Butler  land  tlicr*',  saw  Mumlord  tear  the 
nationit:  Hag  from  the  U.  S.  Mint,  and  saw  him  hange<l.  In  1871 
Mr.  B.  married  Magtrie  L.  Turner,  and  of  their  3  children  2  are 
living,  Clara  atjd  Kdna.  As  a  jdjotogranher  Mr.  Burnham  is  doing 
a  good  busiiK^s,  and  is  at  present  the  Mayor  of  the  city. 

G.  W.  Chri/atij)^  Postmaster  at  Barry,  was  born  in  Florence, 
Pike  Co.,  III.,  Fe(».  1,  1845;  only  child  of  William  L.  and  .lane 
(Barney)  Chrysup,  wIjo  came  to  this  C4»unty  in  ls2r>.  im<l  resided 
here  until  l{S5o,  when  the  family  removed  to  California,  going 
across  the  plains.  In  1857  they  started  ou  the  return  voyage 
home,  and  his  parents  were  lost  by  the  explosion  of  the  steamer 
"St.  Nicholas,'  which  occiirred  A|»ril  24,  1850,  H  miles  below 
Helena,  Ark.  Rendered  ]>arentless  by  this  disaster,  he  lived  with 
his  grandfather.  Benjamin  Barney,  until  ls«;i,  when  he  eidiste<l  in 
the  10th  111.  Inf.  for  three  months' service.  He  then  re-erdisted  in 
Co.  B.  28th  111.  Inf.,  as  Corporal,  and  was  promt»ted  to  Captain  of 
that  Company,  serving  until  the  close  of   tlu'  war.     He  partici- 

Sated  in  the  battles  of  Hatchie.  siege  of  Vicksburg.  .Jackson, 
liss.,  Spanish  Fort,  Mobile,  and  all  the  engagements  in  which  the 
Regiment  took  part;  was  honorably  discharged;  returned 
home,  where  he  was  married  A]>ril  18,  1807,  to  Miss  Kate,  daugh- 
ter of  Lewis  and  Lucv  Hard  v.  The  same  vear  he  became  en};a<;ed 
in  the  raerc^intile  trade,  until  appointed  Postmaster  under  Hayes 
in  1878,  to  which  duties  he  is  devotinj;  his  time  and  attention.    He 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUN'n'.  811 

is  Treasurer  in  the  I.  O.  O.  F.,  of  wliicli  he  has  l>een  a  member  9 
years.     Tic  is  tlie  father  of  2  chiUh-en,  Jennie  and  Helen. 

Asa  W.  Okirk,  farmer,  sec.  20,  P.  0.,  Barry;  born  in  Rocking- 
ham county,  N.  11.,  in  1820,  son  of  Abner  and  Caroline  (AVicks) 
Clark,  natives  of  New  Hampshire  and  !N[aine,  respectively,  who 
died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y,  Asa  W.  was  married  in  1846  to  Mr.^.  (!aro- 
line  Churchill,  a  native  of  Batavia,  X.  Y. ;  came  to  this  county  in 
1852  and  settled  on  the  bottom  lands  in  Kinderhook,  where  he 
lived  9  years;  moved  on  liis  present  farm  in  1803,  consisting  of 
177  acres,  valued  at  $50  per  acre;  also  owns  other  lands  in  tlie  tp. 
His  opportunities  for  early  education  were  limited,  and  he  has  suc- 
ceeded only  bv  his  enercry  and  perseverance.  He  is  administrator 
ot  the  estate  oi'  J.  R.  Young,  Trustee  of  the  Burying  Grounds  and 
Treasurer  of  the  Methodist  Church,  of  which  he  and  his  family 
are  members.  His  children  are  Herbert  C,  Libbie  C,  ^[ary  A. 
and  Franklin  A.  In  politics  he  is  a  Republican.  Was  an  old-line 
Whig. 

Jo/tn  n.  Cobh^  late  of  the  firm  of  Cobb  <Sc  AVatson,  of  the  Barry 
Ada<je^  Avas  born  in  Chautauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  10,  1841, and 
is  a  son  of  James  Cobb,  deceased;  he  came  to  this  county  in  August, 
1871,  and  in  November  established  the  Barry  Adage,  which  he 
conducted  as  an  inde))endent  newspaper  until  May,  1878,  when  lie 
sold  out,  and  in  May,  1879,  in  company  with  Wm.  Watson,  he 
re-purchased  the  same  establishment,  and  until  recently  the}' 
conducted  the  paper  under  the  firm  name  of  Cobb  k,  Watson. 
Mr.  Cobb  married  Miss  Julia  E.  Prentice,  and  of  their  6  children 
these  3  are  living  :  Edward  P.,  Albertus  A.  and  Archie  H. 

E.  A.  Crandall,  merchant  and  banker,  Barry,  is  the  son  of  Josliua 
and  Fannie  (Burdick)  Crandall,  natives  of  New  York,  who  settled 
in  Barry  in  1839,  where  he  engaged  at  his  trade  in  the  boot  and 
shoe  business,  and  resided  until  his  death  in  1860.  His  wife  pre- 
ceded him  to  the  better  land  in  1855.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Rensellaer  county,  New  York,  1836,  and  came  with 
his  parents  to  this  county.  Hi  1854  he  formed  the  co-partnership 
of  Angle  &  Crandall  in  the  mercantile  trade  and  pork-packing, 
which  were  successfully  carried  on  until  1858,  when  the  firm  dis- 
solved, and  he  commenced  the  study  of  lawat  Washinj'ton,  D.  C.,and 
attended  Columbia  College.  The  following  year  he  returned  home 
and  formed  the  second  partnership  with  Angle  and  carried  on  an  ex- 
tensive trade.  In  1800  he  was  married  to  Miss  Eliza,  daughter  of 
Capt.  Elisha  Hurt,  a  native  of  this  county,  wdio  died,  leaving  one 
child,  Fannie.  In  1802  the  firm  dissolved  and  Mr.  C.  turned  ins 
attention  to  tbe  appeals  of  his  country,  and  raised  Co.  D,  99th  III. 
Inf.;  was  afterward  appointed  Alajor  of  the  Regiment  and|seryed 
two  years, — through  all  the  battles  in  which  that  Regiment  parti- 
cipated, and  was  honorably  discharged.  Returning  to  his  home, 
he  became  a  partner  in  the  woolen  mill,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Geo.  Wike  ^  Co.,  which  was  changed  to  a  corporation  in  1870. 
He  was  again  married  in  ls70  to  ^[iss  Jennie  G.  Gordon,  a  native 


812  IIIKTtiRY    OK    I'lKK   COt'^rTY. 

of  New  ^  ork,  i»v  wlmnj  lif  lias  one  8<iii,  Louis.  The  sarne  year 
the  tirm  of  Oaiuiall  A:  Smith  eii^uj^tl  in  the  jjrucery  traile,  which 
foriii8  i>ne  (»t*  the  ino.Ht  extoiii^ive  uiiii  tiiiterprihiiii;  lioiiseti  in  Piko 
county.  This  ht»ugc  aUo  erecte<l  a  hir^e  eU*vator  in  lN7l>,  an«l  is 
lar^rely  enpijre*!  in  tho  f^rain  hu>ine»*K.  Mr.  (\  in  PreKiiJent  «»l*  the 
Si-liiKil  itoartl,  and  Suoerviiiior  at  pret^ent,  ami  in  one  of  the  most 
active,  thorou^h4»oin^hu»ine.Hj4  men  in  llarry.  Slron;;ii>  the  h>veof 
hiii  country,  huise«{ually  so  in  the  |)rinci|ileA  imlorseilon  th«*  broad 
phitforni  «»f  the  Ileptihlican  party. 

/htris  tt  lirotPit,  inerchatiln,  Uarry,  III.  Thin  firm  Ix-^an  husi- 
ne^j*  under  the  aUtve  tirin  name  in  8ept<'n»l»er,  187s,  on  the  Wfst 
fiile  of  the  I'uhlic  S<juart\  and  iiavc  had  a  gradually  increasing 
tratle,  carrying  now  a  »ttK*k  of  $l(i,oi>0,  which  consists  of  dry -goods, 
iMKito  ami  hh<K'i»,  and  notiont*.      liy   el<>.-e  a"      '    -u   to  !■         ■    k  and 

W'lling  at  low  rateii  they   have  won  ih"   ■-.i  und  |... igc  of 

the  itublic. 

Mr».  lUara  II.  Davit,  widow  of  ShmhicI  iiaviK,  nicMitioned  fur- 
tiier  on.  wa.H  Inirn  in  lionton,  M »»»*..  June  2*J,  \XX\\  in  1*^3^  nhc  was 
brought  by  her  partMitM  t«»  ihii*  county,  where,  Oct.  II.  1^51,  sho 
was  marrif  d. 

HathttnUI  Diivis,  son  of  Samuel  DaviK.  deceaMtl,  wan  Iwrn  in 
Pike  County  in  1^57;  wa«  marrii^l  to  Mih«  Lixzie  .leiiningK,  daugh- 
ter tjf  P.  .lenninuK  S<'|it.  2n  I^T-  ■  '  "' "-y  iiavf  one  child.  Sir. 
Daviii  iii  «inv  of  tbe  most  enterpr  _  nestt  men  of  Harry;  is  at 
pr(*M;nt  a  memU*r  tif  thr  (*ity  Council,  and  junt  now  is  closing  out 
the  old  bu»ine«s  of  S.  Davis  A:  Son.  lliit  father  was  one  of  the 
numt  pt  '  '  ^  of  the  ci»unty,  and  n«i  man  ever  en- 
joy etl  t;.         •<•'«•  of  the  county  more  than  did   Mr. 

Samuel  Davis.      He  was  i :  ,  :   for  years  in  |m  irk -packing,  from 

which,  with  tlio  immense  amount  of  wlu*at  and  other  grain  lie 
I  i.  he  n  "t.     lie  was  •  ■  d  in  the 

u.  .'■  i.M  mercaiiiiM   .'ii^iiM  -  ■!.•..«   vear^,  in  the  !i>  •■•  <•!   ('.  iV  S. 

Davis. 

Stmu^l  DitvU  was  liorn  near  Barry.  Pike  county,  Ill.i  Oct.  27. 1829. 
His  itarents  were  Koltcrt  and  Amanda(  Hlair)  Davis.     The  of 

thi-i  hketch  e«imii  !  Iiis  bi;     •        carei'r  in  the  town  of  i.uiv  in 

theyear  1S45>,  wi.  .  was  bu  _  i:irs  of  age,  entering  the  ht4»re  of 
Mr.  M.  itiair  as  salesman,  which  )Misition  he  occupic<l  until  1852, 
when,  in  C4>mpany  with  his  brother, (Calvin,  he  entered  into  partner- 
ship with  Mr.  HIair,  they  carrying  i»n  businesa  under  the  firm  name 
of  M.  Kiair  A:  Co.  Mr.  iJlair.  retiring  from  the  firm  in  is/ill,  a  co- 
partner»hip  was  formed  lietween  the  two  brothers,  (Calvin  and  Sam- 
uel, under  the  style  of  C.  ic  S.  Davis;  they  carried  on  business  suc- 
cessfully for  many  years,  built  up  a  large  trade  and  amassed  c<)n- 
eideraiile  wealth;  s|R'culating  in  |>ork  an<l  wheat  e.x  ten  (lively;  they 
were  generally  \vry  f«»rtunate  in  these  dealings.  The  firm  of  C.  ci 
S.  Davis  dissolved  |>artnership  in  the  spring  of  1S77,  Calvin  taking 
the  flouring  mill  thev  were  running, and  Samuel  retaining  the  stock 
of  merchandiso.      Mr.  Davis  then  took  his  two  sons,  Stephen  A.  D. 


/(  /'-tyO 


BARRY 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  815 

and  T^athaniel  R.,  into  the  business.  The  l)usiness  was  conducted 
under  the  firm  name  ot"  Samuel  Davis  A:  Son.>  until  the  sprini^  of 
1880,  when  the  firm  sold  out. 

Mr.  Davis  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Clara  II.  Hart  Oct. 
14,  1851.  She  is  a  native  of  Massachusetts,  where  she  was  born 
June  22,  1833,  and  is  a  dauii^hter  of  Nathaniel  and  Clarissa  (Hill) 
Hart,  both  natives  of  Massachusetts.  They  came  to  this  county  in 
1838,  and  still  are  livin»j  in  Barry  tp.*Mr.  and  Mrs.  Davis  were  tlie 
parents  of  8  children,  Stephen  A.  D.;  Lelia  May,  now  the  wife  of  J. 
C.  Moon;  Xathaniel  R. ;  Earnest  II.,  deceased;  Clara  Belle;  Anna 
M.;  Samuel  C.  and  Daniel.  Mr.  Davis  died  Feb.  15,  1879,  and  was 
followed  to  his  last  restin*^  place  by  a  lar;i;o  concourse  of  relatives 
and  friends.  He  had  not  been  actively  engaged  in  business  aftairs 
for  several  years,  but  had  been  taking  matters  as  quietly  as  possible. 
He  was  shrewd,  energetic  and  determined,  and  one  of  the  best  busi- 
ness men  in  the  county.  His  ac(|uaintance  was  e.\tensive  in  coju- 
mercial  as  well  as  social  circles.  His  honesty  and  integrity  were 
unquestioned,  his  credit  unlimited.  He  was  a  fond  husband,  a 
kind  and  indulgent  father,  a  good  neighbor  and  staunch  friend.  We 
give  a  poi-trait  of  Mr.  Davis  in  this  volume. 

John  Dewell,  farmer,  sec.  4;  P.  O.,  Barry;  son  of  Peter  and 
Catherine  (Brown)  Dewell,  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  who  moved  to 
Ohio,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born 
in  Greene  county.  Pa.,  in  1815,  and  emigrated  to  Pike  county  in 
1837,  and  settled  south  of  Barry,  where  he  lived  until  1842,  when 
he  moved  on  his  present  farm  of  120  acres,  valued  at  %Qb  per  acre. 
The  land  was  mostly  timbered  when  he  came  to  this  place.  He 
was  married  in  1834  to  Miss  Rebecca  AVal lace,  a  native  of  Mary- 
land. By  this  union  6  children  are  living, — Elizabeth,  James, 
John  N.,  Susan,  Harriet  and  Charles  C.  Mr.  D.  is  one  of  the 
original  jMoneers  of  Barry  tp.,  and  is  a  Democrat. 

JoJinW.  Eckes^  farmer;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Frederick 
county,  Va.,  in  1834,  son  of  David  and  Eva  Eckes,  natives  also  of 
that  State,  where  Mrs.  E.  died.  He  came  to  the  West  in  1858  and 
settled  in  Greene  county,  thence  moved  to  Ohio,  where  he  died  in 
18G1.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  185S  to  Miss  Mar- 
garet Cairigan,  a  native  of  Kentucky.  They  came  to  this  county 
in  1S77,  and  settled  on  the  farm  they  now  occupy.  Mr.  E.  is  a 
Democrat. 

Edward  Edom^  proprietor  of  the  National  Hotel,  P)arry,  was 
born  in  England  in  1812;  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1830,  and  5  years 
afterward  moved  to  Scutt  county.  Hi.,  where  he  resided  until  1S4<), 
when  he  moved  to  Lucas  county,  O.  In  1855  he  came  to  this  county, 
settled  in  Perrj'  township,  and  engaged  in  farming.  Three  years 
afterward  he  moved  to  Griggsville,  thence  to  NewS^lem  and  kept 
a  h(jtel  4  years,  when  he  moved  to  this  city,  where  he  is  running  a 
first-class  hotel.  He  was  married  in  lsl:2  to  Miss  Mary  Murmoneny, 
a  native  of  Ohio.    To  them  have  been  born  7  children,  all  of  whom 


bl6  HISTORY  OF  riKK  rorNTV. 

are  livinnj.     ^[r.  K.  has  been  a  prt)iijinent  citizen  at  New   Salem, 
and  knows  just  liow  to  coiuhict  a  hotel. 

John  Fiirmi^r,  a;;riciiltnrist.  see.  17;  P.  ().,  Birrv;  was  horn  in 
Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  in  ISll;  son  ot"  Samuel  and  Hannah  Prazer, 
natives  ot*  Pennsylvania,  who  moved  to  Ohio,  where  he  died.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  marrie<'  in  1837  to  Miss  Eliza  Nichols, 
daMi,ditfi-  (if  John  and  Mary  (Rfthnal )  Nichols,  natives  t)f  New  .Jersey 
and  Maryland,  respectively,  who  settleil  in  Adams  county.  III.,  where 
he  died.  Mr.  F.  settled  ii\  this  tp.  in  1S4«>.  The  following  year 
he  moved  to  Adams  county  and  live<l  <5  or  Tyears,  when  hereturtied 
and  8cttle<l  on  his  present  e-tate  of  l»iO  acres,  vahied  at  s'jO  per 
acre.  To  tliem  havi-  i)een  born  lU  chihlren,  8  of  whom  are  liviui^: 
Samuel  1).,  Joshua  N.,  Jacob  C,  Mary  J.,  James  F.,  Sarah  A., 
Lucv  E.  and  Eliza  P.;  the  deceased  are  (Teor;'e  L.  atid  John  T. 
His  son  Janies  is  a  member  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  the  United 
Workmen;  Jo^luni  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order,  and  Samuel  of 
the  I.  ().  ( >.  F.;  Jac<)l)  (\  is  also  a  Mason,  and  Sa'ah  A.  is  a  nn'm- 
l>er  of  the  Eastern  St4ir.  Mr.  F.  has  always  been  a  Democrat,  but 
hafi  espoused  the  (ireenl>ack  cause.  The  family  are  amoiii^  the 
most  respected  and  enter|»risin<^  farmers  <>f  Parry  tj). 

Alonzo  Gardy  farmer,  see.  \\\\  P.  (>.,  Kinderlionk ;  was  born  in 
Washington  c*)unty,  O.,  in  1S22,  and  is  a  Ron  of  Mischel  and  Cla- 
rissa (PakerUiard,  wlu»  settled  in  this  tp.  in  182C.  In  ls20  he 
movetl  his  family  here,  where  he  lived  until  his  death,  Jan..'),  1871, 
at  the  a;;«'  »»f  77  years.  She  died  April  10,  l8<!;j.  He  tMitert  d  the 
land  of  his  son's  estate,  consisting  of  88  acres,  now  valued  at  ij^jM 
per  acre.  He  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  amon<;  the  earliest  set- 
tlers. The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1S5<>  to  Miss 
.Mary  J.  Yearly,  a  native  t>f  Cincinnati,  O.,  by  whom  he  has  3  chil- 
dren, Ellen,  Lucy  and  Sally.  .Mr.  (».  is  School  Director,  and  the 
family  are  n)embers  of  the  Paptist  Church.  He  is  a  Ilepublican  in 
j»olitics,  an<i  one  of  the  ohlest  livin*^  settlers  of  Parry  tj>. 

.John  T.  Gilmer^  farmer,  sec.  26;  P.  O..  pjirry;  is  a  son  of  David 
and  Eliza  ((rose I  (rilmer,  natives  of  Virj^inia,  who  came'to  this 
county  in  lS31f  and  settled  in  this  section, where  hedied  in  1847.  Siie 
is  still  livinir  in  this  tp.  The  8u!)ject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in 
P>arry  tp.  in  is4tt,  and  settled  on  his  ])resent  farm  in  1n<*i3,  consist- 
iiij;  of  (13  acres,  valued  at  *(i<»  ]>er  acre.  He  also  owns  42  acres  in 
Pleasant  Vale  tj>.  He  was  married  in  1804  to  Miss  Ellen, daughter 
of  William  McIJaniel,  who  died  '\\\  1872.  leaving  2  children,  Charles 
and  Clara.  He  was  again  married  in  1^74  to  Miss  Ella  Plake.  a 
native  of  this  county.  He  tills  the  office  of  lioad  Supervisor  at  the 
present  time,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Paj»tist  Church.  Politics, 
Democratic. 

D.  W.  Greene,  Police  Magistrate,  is  the  st)n  of  James  and  Mary 
(Madison)  Greene,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1837  and  settled  in 
Hadley  tp.,  where  he  engaiied  in  farming  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  1n75.  She  died  in  1840.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Rensellaer  county.  N.  V..  in  182«'i.    lie  began  the  study 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    ('OINTY.  817 

of  medicine  with  Dr.  Baker  of  this  city,  tauorht  school  winters,  and 
attended  the  Missonri  State  University  one  year  and  practiced  in 
Barry  3  years,  when  he  entereil  njioii  a  mercantile  pursuit,  and  was 
engai^ed  in  tiie  erection  of  the  Barry  Woolen  Mills,  where  he  was 
connected  for  3  years,  lie  was  married  in  1850  to  Miss  Caroline 
Gordon,  a  native  of  Indiana.  Mr.  G.  has  filled  the  office  of  Town- 
ship Treasurer  some  years.  Is  a  memher  of  the  Masonic  order, 
and  of  the  Christian  Church.  Politically  he  is  a  stalwart  Repub- 
lican. 

John  P.  Gruhh,  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in 
Cumberland  count\'.  Pa.,  in  Oct.,  1S15,  and  is  a  son  of  Jonas  and 
Sarah  (Wizer)  Grubb,  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  who  settled  in 
Adams  county.  III.,  where  they  both  died.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  came  to  this  county  in  1844,  and  settled  on  this  section. 
In  1864  he  ])urchased  the  present  farm  of  124  acres.  Also  owns 
other  lands  in  the  tj>.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  woolen 
mill  in  which  he  has  been  en^aired  for  some  years.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  May,  1849,  to  Miss  Harriet  Stevens,  a  native  of  New  York 
State,  who  died  in  186G.  By  this  marriage  he  has  3  children 
living, — John  W.,  Emeline  and  Eva.  His  ]»rcsent  wife  was  Beu- 
lah  Isations,  widow  of  John  Nations,  by  whom  he  has  3  children, — 
George,  Ilattie  and  Oliver.  Two  step-children,  Norman  AV.  and 
Florence,  complete  the  family  record.  Mr.G.  is  one  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  town,  and  is  one  of  the  active 
business  men  and  farmers  of  Barry.  In  politics  he  is  a  Demo- 
crat, and  cast  his  first  vote  for  Martin  Van  Buren. 

B.  F .  Gus8,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Juniata 
county.  Pa.,  in  1835,  and  is  a  son  of  AVilliam  and  INIary  (Foltz) 
Guss,  natives  of  PennsA'lvania,  where  she  died.  Wm.  Guss  came  to 
this  county  with  his  family  in  1848,  and  settled  in  this  tp.,  where  he 
is  at  this  time  livin":.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in 
1859  to  Miss  Jane  Sellers,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  To  thera 
have  becTi  born  4  children,  all  of  whom  are  living:  Rosaline,  Ed- 
win S..  William  C.  and  Ilattie  E.  He  settled  on  his  present  farm 
in  the  fall  of  1859,  consisting  of  110  acres,  valued  at  $50  per  acre. 
Mr.  Guss  has  served  as  a  School  Director,  and  in  politics  is  a 
Democrat. 

George  Hack,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  O.,  Kinderhook;  was  born  in 
Germany  Feb.  19,  1819;  was  married  in  1844  to  Miss  Fernan- 
drika  Auer,  a  native  of  Germany.  Thev  emifi^rated  to  this  coun- 
try  in  1853  and  stopped  one  year  in  New  York  city,  thence  to 
Quincy,  thence  to  this  county,  and  engaged  at  his  trade,  brewing 
and  cooj)ering,  at  Kinderhook.  This  business  he  sold  and  pur- 
chased, in  1866,  his  present  farm,  consisting  of  ov-er  500  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  $50  per  acre.  They  have  7  children:  Caroline, 
Frederick,  Daniel,  Rosena,  Jennie,  Harry  and  Annie.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Hack  arc  members  of  the  German  Lutheran  Church,  and  he 
is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order. 


blN 


HISTORY    OF    IMKE  Coi'NTV. 


G.  A.  Hancock,  tanner,  sec.  27;  P.  ().,  Bun y;  was  Ixtrn  in  Lick- 
iiij,'  Co.,  O.,  iti  1830,  and  is  a  son  of  Isaac  ami  Oyiitliia  A.  (Kord) 
Hancock,  luttli  natives  ut"  that  State,  \vli«»  eniii^rated  to  Adams 
county,  thence  to  this  county,  in  18'>«;,  and  are  at  this  time  living 
in  Harry.  The  subject  of  this  sketcli  wjis  married  in  1857  to  Miss 
Melissa  Shepard,  dan^'hter  of  Thomas  .1.  Shepard,  a  mitive  of  this 
county;  and  CliarU's  W.,  (ieor;;e  II.,  Mary  K.,  Krncstine,  ^fary  H., 
Jjt'ua,  Lora  an<l  Frank,  are  their  livin;;  children.  .Mr.  Hancock  set- 
tled on  his  present  estate  in  1872,  consisting  of  IGO  acres,  valued 
at  $(>0  per  acre.      He  is  a  Democrat  and  a  tliorough  farmer. 

(feoiuje  II.  IftiH'Oi'k',  farmer,  s«'c.  21;  P.  (>.,  Harry  ;  was  born  in 
Ailam.^  Co..  III.,  in  l>.'t5,  and  is  a  ."^on  of  G.  A.  Hancock,  an  early 
settler  <»f  this  county;  was  married  iti  187G  to  Miss  Li/zie,  daughter 
of  John  Mc  Daniel,  by  whom  he  has  onechihl,  Arthur  A.  Ho  settled 
on  the  present  farm  of  his  fatlu'r's  in  1877,  consisting  of  over  200 
acres  ut  valuable  land.  Mr.  11.  is  one  of  the  busy  and  enterpris- 
ing young  farmers  of  Hurry  tp. 

J.  W.  JIarty  farnier,  sec.  3.'i;  P.  ().,  Harrv;  was  l)orn  in  Che- 
siiire  Co.,  N.  H.,  in  1S.30,  the  son  of  .Joel  an«l  Anna  (Hardy)  Hart, 
natives  of  Massachu.'^eltg  and  New  Hampshire,  respectively.  He 
came  to  this  cttunty  in  the  tall  of  IS.'UJ,  entered  land  in  this  tp.,  and 
returneil  Kast.  The  f«)llowingyear  he  brought  his  family  and  settled 
here.  Subse<juently  he  purchased  the  estate  of  his  son,  where  he 
moved  and  ^J»ent  tlie  remainderjol  his  life;  hedicd  in  1S77:  she 
dii-<l  in  1n4o.  He  was  a  Deacon  iit  the  Hapli^t  Church  in  his  native 
phuv,  and  at  Harry,  holding  the  otfice  nearly  ever  since  he  was  a 
meml)er  ol  the  Church,  a?id  was  widely  known  through  thec<junty. 
The  subject  of  this  hketch  was  married  iti  1^60  to  Miss  Caroline, 
daughter  of  H.  V.  Hrownell,  by  whom  he  has  W  children,  Henry 
K.,  Ivlwanl  L.  and  Jennie.  The  homestead  farm  consists  of  60 
acres,  valued  at  $60  |)cr  acre.  He  also  owns  80  acres  on  sec.  29. 
Mr.  II.  is  a  Deacon  in  the  Haptist  Church,  of  which  lie  and  his 
family  an?  members.  He  has  been  School  Director,  and  can  be 
counted  among  prominent  and  old  settlers  of  this  tp.  He  is  a 
Republican. 

N.  r.  Hart,  farmer,  sec.  2^);  P.  O.,  Harry;  was  lK)rn  in  Ash- 
burton,  Mas.-...  in  18i*»),  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Clarissa  (Hill)  Hart, 
who  calm-  to  this  tj).  in  183S,  where  they  still  reside.  He  enlisted 
in  184C  in  Co.  K,  5th  lieg.  111.  Vol.,  and  served  18  months  in  the 
Me.vicati  war,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged.  He  returned  to 
his  home,  and  in  185o  was  married  to  Miss  Louisa,  daughter  of 
Samuel  Hlair,  a  native  of  this  tp. ;  tin-  same  year  he  settled  on  his 
present  estate  of  100  acres,  valued  at  %1h  per  acre.  He  also  owns 
400  acres  in  the  tp.  Mr.  II.  has  been  for  10  years  engaged  in  the 
brick  manufactttry.  lH'>ides  attending  to  the  duties  of  his  extensive 
farming  interests.  He  has  served  as  Assessor  siiice  1^G2,  except- 
ing 2  years,  and  School  Director  most  of  the  time.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Odd  Fellows  order. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  819* 

Orlando  Ilart,  deceased,  was  bom  in  Massachusetts  in  1829,  and 
emigrated  to  thiscountv  quite  early,  lie  was  married  to  Miss  Jen- 
uette  AVirt,  wiio  died  leaving  one  child,  Alvin.  In  April,  1854,  lie 
again  married,  this  time  Miss  Mary,  .daughter  of  Harvey  Blair. 
Of  their  children  7  are  livinj?, — Kllie,  John,  Charles  AV.,  Katie, 
Alfred  and  Nettie.  Mr.  II.  resided  on  the  homestead  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  in  1879.  Mrs.  11.  has  on  sec.  33  a  farm  of 
80  acres,  valued  at  $40  per  acre.  P.  O.,  Barry.  Mr.  II.  was  a 
member  of  the  Odd  Fellows,  and  a  man  highly  esteemed  by  all 
who  knew  him. 

A.  C.  Hollenheck  c6  Son,  hardware  merchants,  Barry.  This 
lirm  erected  the  building  of  their  present  location  an'd  established 
themselves  in  business  in  1870.  They  carry  a  stock  of  $5,000  to 
$6,000,  and  deal  largely  in  farm  machinery.  ]\Ir.  II.  is  a  native  of 
Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  was  i)orn  in  1S20.  lie  was  married 
in  1845  to  Miss  Mary  J.  Cram,  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  came  to  this 
county  in  1859,  settling  in  this  city.  He  was  appointed  Post- 
master in  1861,  re-appointed  under  Grant,  and  tilled  the  office  14 
or  15  years.  He  was  INIayor  one  term.  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and 
Alderman,  and  is  a  strong  adherent  of  the  temperance  cause,  and 
Republican  ])rinciples.  His  only  child,  C.  R.,  is  his  partner,  and 
the  tirm  enjoy  a  large  trade.  Mr.  Ilollen beck's  ])arents  were 
Ruloff  and  Electa  (Ames)  Ilollenbeck,  Jiatives  of  Massachusetts. 

William  Ho  yt.}\\yiavme\',  sec.  28  ;  P.  O.,  Barry;  son  of  William  and 
NaTicy  (Bayne)  Hoyt,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1845  and  settled 
in  this  tp.,  where  they  still  reside.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
married  in  1859  to  Miss  Millie,  daughter  of  Levi  McDaniel,  de- 
ceased. To  them  have  been  born  6  children, — Nancy  E.,  Elvira  E., 
William  II.,  Levi  W.,  Roscoe  S.  and  Floyd.  He  settled  on  his 
present  estate  in  1865,  consisting  of  160  acres,  valued  at  $40  ])er 
acre.  Mr.  II.  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Church.  He  is  a 
School  Director,  and  in  politics  is  a  Democrat.  Is  a  zealous  tem- 
perance advocate. 

W.  G'  Hubbard,  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Lin- 
coln c<.»unty,  Mo.,  in  1829,  and  is  a  son  of  Eli  and  Margaret  (Myers) 
Hubbard,  who  came  to  this  State  in  1831,  and  are  now  residents  of 
Oregon.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1867  to  !Miss 
Sarah  Selby,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  He  enlisted  in  1862  in  Co.  D, 
99th  I.  V.  I.,  and  served  3  years,  participating  in  battles  of  Ilarts- 
ville,  Vicksburg,  Spanish  Fort,  and  all  the  battles  in  which  the 
Regiment  was  engaged;  was  4th  Sergeant  and  ])romoted  to  1st  Ser 
geant.  He  served  as  Sheriti'of  the  county  2  years,  from  1866  t^ 
1868;  is  a  School  Director  at  present  time.  He  is  the  father  of 
children, — Ilattie,  William,  Mary  and  Lottie. 

Loran  J.  Huntley,  constal)le,  was  born  in  Ashtabula  county, 
O.,  July  5,  1S?8;  parents  were  Harlem  and  Almira  (Partridge) 
Huntley,  natives  of  New  York  and  ^Massachusetts,  respectively, 
who  came  to  this  county  in  1843,  and  settled  in  Hadley  tp.,  where 
he  died   March  6,  1880;   she  died   in   Sept.,  1877.     Loran  J.  was 


8:20  HISTORY  of  pike  county. 

tiiarrieil  in  l>(il  to  Mis.-«  Martlia  M.,  ilauijhter  of  Win.  Davis.  He 
eiiguj^fd  in  farniin^  until  ls72,  when  lie  accejitctl  a  position  ha 
Dej)Uty  SlieritK  8ervin«if  3  years;  also  Constable  in  Ihullev  4  years, 
anu  elected  in  Barry  to  the  same  position  in  Aii^.,  In7S;  is  also  a 
member  oi'  the  (iovt-rnment  detective  force,  in  which  he  has  been 
en''a;;cd  5  vears.  lie  is  a  meml^er  of  the  I.  ().  ().  F.  l*olitics, 
Democratic. 

Elixhi  Jluit,  retired  larmer,  sec.  *J4;  I*.  C).,  Harry;  is  a  native  of 
Kentncky,  where  he  was  born  May  2t),  lS<il>,  the  son  of  .lo.shna  and 
Sallie  (Davis)  Hurt,  natives  of  Vir<^inia,  who  emi^raleil  to  Illinois 
at  an  early  «lay,  settlinir  in  Logan  county,  where  lie  died  the  same 
year.  She  <lled  in  Tennedsue.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to 
this  county  in  l^;'l>  and  settletl  on  iiis  present  estate,  consisting;  of 
one-half  seclii»n  "f  land,  \alue<l  at  $20,000.  He  was  marrie<l  in 
1838  to  Misd  Margaret  J.  Lee,  a  native  of  Morgan  county,  Va., 
where  she  was  born  in  181^.  T«>  them  have  been  Imrn  11  children, 
7  of  whom  are  living,  -(-harles  (\,.Kdin  M.,  Elisha,  jr.,  lU'rryman, 
Albert  Clay  and  Ivlwin.  Mr.  H.  wais  commissioned  Captain  in  the 
28th  111.  Inf.  in  iStU,  and  raised  Co.  L  »nd  served  3  year«.  IIo 
particijmted  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  where  he  was  wi>unded,  Biego 
of  VicKsbnrg,  Ilalchie,  C«>rinth,  .lacksnii,  Miss.,  and  all  the  battles 
of  that  Regiment.  He  had  al.so  3  bons  in  the  war, — Charles,  Moses 
and  Klisha.  Moses  Wiu>  taken  nrisjiier  at  Jackson  and  contined  at 
Belle  Isle,  where  he  was  e.vclianged.  Charles  was  wounded  at 
Shiloh  through  the  arm  and  side,  but  held  his  plare  in  the  rankH 
by  his  comrades.  Moses  was  also  wounded  at  Hatchie;  but  all 
escaped  through  the  siege  «if  war,  and  n'lurned  Uj  their  home. 
Mr.  II.  went  to  California  in  ls4!^  being  among  the  first  to  cross 
the  plains  in  that  year.  He  returned  in  IS.*)!  and  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  bu>iiu'ss  in  this  city  until  IstJ),  when  he  retired  to 
the  tjuiet  of  his  beautit'til  home.  His  oi)|)ortunities  fur  an  early 
education  were  limiteil.  I>eft  with  a  widowed  mother,  ho  has  by 
his  energy  and  perseverance  att^iined  success.  l\»litically  he  is  a 
descemlant  of  the  old-line  Whigs, devotc<l  to  Ucpublican  princi])le8, 
and  an  ardent  admirer  of  (irant. 

T/iomas  C.  Johtuony  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  O.,  Kinderliook;  was 
born  in  I>ouisa  county,  Va ,  in  1826.  His  parents  were  William 
F.  and  Kliza  Johnson,  natives  of  that  State,  who  emigrat<'d  to  Mis- 
souri in  183.'),  where  they  both  died.  Thomas  C.  aime  to  this 
county  in  1S51>  and  settletl  on  his  present  farm,  consi.^ting  of  127 
acres,  valued  at  $2,000.  He  was  married  in  ls53  to  Miss  ilary  E. 
Tyler,  a  native  of  Virginia,  the  fruits  of  which  are  3  ciiildren, — 
William  T.,  Columbus  and  Wesley  M.  Mr.  J.  is  Class  Leader  and 
.Trustee  in  the  Methodist  Church  at  Kinderhook.  and  he  is  well 
and  favorably  known. 

D.  D.  Kidxcell,  clerk,  wa^^  born  in  this  county  in  ls41,  and  is  a 
son  of  "William  an<l  Mahala  (Girard),  Kidwell,  natives  of  Ohio, 
who  emigrated  at  an  early  day  to  this  county,  and  settled  in  this 
tp.,  where  he  died  in  1S51.     He  was  a  mechanic,  and  from  1845  to 


HISTORY    OF    PIK1-:    COUNTY.  821 

1851  ^vas  enc^aged  ir  the  tuniitnrc  business  in  Barry.  Tlie  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1863  to  Mi.ss  Matihhi  J.  Dibens,  a 
native  of  Ohio,  l)y  whom  he  has  one  chihl,  Lottie  M.  Mr.  K.  is  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  order,  a  Republican,  and  a  man  highly 
esteemed  by  all  who  know  him. 

S.  Kii'triglit,  saloon-keeper,  Barry,  was  l)orn  in  Clermont  county, 
O.,  in  1834,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Sophia  (Troy)  Kirtright, 
natives  of  that  State,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1840,  and  settled 
in  lladley  tp.,  where  they  both  died  in  1848.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  moved  to  New  Salem,  where  lie  lived  until  ls72,  when  he 
came  to  this  city,  and  o])ened  a  market  in  which  he  continued  until 
1879,  when  he  engaged  in  his  present  business.  He  was  married 
in  1856  to  Miss  Nancy  E.  Walls,  a  native  of  this  county,  who  died 
in  1871.  His  present  wife  is  Mary  J.,  daugliter  of  William  Hill,  an 
early  settler  of  this  county.  Mr.  K.  still  owns  his  homestead  and  4 
lots  in  Salem,  and  20  acres  of  other  land.  He  served  as  Constable 
6  years,  and  City  Marshal  some  years.     Is  a  Republican. 

Major Kleiuy  attorney  at  law,  Barry;  is  the  3d  son  of  Joseph 
Klein,  an  old  resident  of  this  city,  where  he  lived  for  more  than  20 
years,  following  the  profession  of  law,  in  which  he  became  promi- 
nent for  his  skill  and  ability.  He  died  at  his  home  In  this  city 
Feb.  26,  1869.  As  a  citizen  father  and  friend,  Mr.  K.  had  no  su- 
perior, and  he  left  a  large  circle  of  friends  throughout  the  county. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  a  graduate  of  the  C'niversity  at  Ann 
Arbor,  Mich.,  in  1878,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  187'9.  In  1878 
he  was  married  to  Miss  Jennie  Klein,  of  Springfield,  111.,  and  began 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  He  was  elected  City  Attorney  in 
1879,  and  enjoys  a  lucrative  practice. 

Smnnel  Knox^  proprietor  of  livery  and  feed  stable,  Barry;  is  a 
son  of  James  and  Nancy  (Beaks)  Knox,  natives  of  Pennsylvania, 
who  settled  in  Missouri  at  an  early  time,  where  he  died  in  1854. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Pike  county,  ^lo.,  in  1851, 
and  with  his  widowed  mother  moved  to  this  county  in  1857,  and 
settled  2  miles  west  of  Barry ;  3  years  afterward  she  moved  to  Adams 
countv,  where  she  is  now  living.  Mr.  K.  was  married  in  1875  to 
Miss  Leah  Hendricks,  a  native  of  Adams  county,  and  they  have 
one  child,  Flandy  D.  He  engaged  in  farming  until  Jan.,  1880,  at 
which  time  he  opened  his  present  place  of  business,  where  he  keeps 
on  hand  a  good  stock  of  horses  and  carriages,  carries  a  stock  of 
$2,000,  and  enjoys  a  good  trade.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

Alvah  C .  Laing,  attorney  at  law,  Barry,  is  a  native  of  New 
York,  where  he  was  born  Aug.  6,  1820;  commenced  the  study  of 
law  at  the  age  of  21  years;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  INfichigan  in 
1850;  came  to  this  county  in  1869  and  settled  in  Barry,  where  he 
has  continued  in  the  practice  of  his  ])rofession,  and  in  the  enjoy- 
ment of  a  large  circle  of  friends.  He  is  the  father  of  7  children,  4 
boys  and  3  girls.     Politically,  he  is  a  Democrat. 


b'2'2  HISTOKY    OF    riKK    COUNTY. 

M.  /^nie,  liarnci<s-iimker,  IJarry,  cuiiie  t<»  this  city  in  Ks57,  where 
lie  opoiu'd  a  phirc  »)t"  hiisiiK's>  the  t\tll<»\viii<;yo!ir;  with  the  excejdion 
ot"  three  years'  residence  on  the  ct>:u>t  ot"  ('alifornia,  !ie  lias  t-ince 
heen  a  reeident  of  this  j)liice.  Mr.  L.  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  where 
he  was  born  in  1S38,  and  he  i-ini^'ratt'd  with  his  J»arent^',  John  and 
Marv  (Burns)  Kane,  wln»  settled  in  Pennsylvania,  when'  they  still 
rcbide.      Mr.  L.  carries  astock  uf  ^l.oOO.  and  enjoys  a  ;;ood  trade. 

Jonatfiaii  I).  Leiois^  engineer,  sec.  26;  P.  ().,  Barry;  was  born 
in  Pickaway  c<mnty,  ().,  in  lS8t),  and  is  a  8on  of  Thotnas  and  ^lary 
(Wil^itis)  Lewis,  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  where  they  itoth  died. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  county  in  l.sr)[).  anti  settled 
in  this  t|).,  antl  followed  his  jtrofessional  calling  at  the  Wo<den 
Mill,  where  he  is  still  engaged.  lie  was  married  in  l!S57  to  Miss 
.Marv  .1.  ()'(^onnor,  a  jiative  of  Ireland,  by  whoin  he  has  3 
chiUlren,  Hannah  F..  William  F.  and  Thomas  .J.  Owns  a  house 
and  three  acres  of  laml.      In  politics  he  is  a  strong  (ireenbacker. 

John  L'ujijftt^  of  the  firm  of  Liirgett  A:  lioasa,  grocers.  Harry, 
was  born  in  Carroll  Co.,  ()..  in  1S47,  the  son  of  ,Jt)hn  and  Nancy 
(Voungi  Liggett,  natives  of  IVnnsylvania  and  Ohio,  respectively. 
Slu'  tlied  in  Indiana  in  1S<»»;.  He  is  a  resident  of  Allen  county, 
Ind.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  county  in  ls72,  and 
engag«'d  in  farming  3  years,  when  ho  formed  a  j>artnership  with 
.1.  C).  M<»ore  in  the  livery  busifiess,  where  he  was  c-onnected  until 
March,  IsSo,  ut  which  lime  the  nresent  Conccin  was  consolidated. 
He  was  married  in  1>7^  to  Miss  l>otha,  daughter  of  William  Da- 
vis, by  whom  he  has  2  children, — Charles,  and  one  not  christened. 
Mr.  L.  is  a  tneml>er  of  the  tire  cotnpany,  and  (»ne  of  the  energetic 
young  business  men  of  Harry.     Politics,  I>emocralic. 

^(///jtf*  /,*X,VJ»,  farmer,  see.  \V.\\  P.O..  Parry;  was  born  in  Itofis 
county,  O.,  in  1S27,  ami  is  a  son  of  William  C.  and  Dorcas  (Day) 
Likes,  natives  of  that  State,  who  settled  in  Indiana  at  an  early 
time,  from  which  State  he  came  to  Pike  county  and  settled  in 
li:irry  tp.,  where  he  died  in  18r»i>.  James  was  married  in  ls4S  to 
Miss  Hannah  Decker  wlio  was  Ixirn  in  Wabash  county,  111.,  in 
1S2S.  Mr.  L.  settletl  on  the  present  farm  in  18»»4.  consisting  of 
1»!(>  acres  of  valuable  land,  where  he  has  since  made  it  his  home, 
and  numlK*rs  among  the  enterprising  farmers  of  i»arry  tp.  Mari- 
etta, William,  Telasco,  Melinda,  Scott,  Martha  and  Ix>vi]la  are 
their  living  children. 

C.  P.  l.ippiiK'ott.  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Parry;  wjis  born  in  this 
tp.  in  1*^3"J,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Delina  (Decker)  Lippin- 
ct»tt,  natives  of  New  Jersey,  wh«)  emigrated  from  Ohio  to  this 
county  at  an  early  day,  ami  settled  in  Barry,  where  he  opened  the 
first  store  in  this  city.  He  also  erected  the  old  distillery  and  car- 
ried on  an  extensive  business,  and  was  engaged  in  milling  for 
some  years.  He  then  went  t<»  (Cincinnati,  ().,  and  ran  a  saw-mill 
antl  luml>er  yard,  where  he  died  in  1851.  His  wife  died  in  1867 
in  this  tp.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  in  1SC7  to 
Miss  Chloe  Bill,  a  native  of  this  countv.  bv  whom  he  has  5  chil- 


I 


/  ^  /^c  r/  ^. 


BARRY 


HISTORY  OF  PIKE  COUNTY.  825 

dren  livinjj:  Ibbie,  William,  Olive  M.,  Charles  and  Geori^e.  Mr. 
L.  has  served  as  Road  Commissioner  and  Overseer  some  years. 
He  settled  on  his  present  estate  in  1867,  consisting  of  160  acres, 
valued  at  ^50  per  acre.      Is  a  Democrat  in  politics. 

Thomas  J.  Long^  retired  farmer,  Barry,  was  born  in  Baltimore, 
Md.,  Jnne  25,  1808,  where  he  was  reared  and  educated;  he  emi- 
grated to  this  county  in  1829,  arriving  at  Atla.■^  the  1st  day  of 
July,  and  the  same  day  becoming  ac(piainted  with  Benj.  Barney. 
Mr.  Lonof  followed  farmini^  until  1872,  when  he  retired  and  moved 
to  Barry,  where  he  now  resides.  In  June,  1834,  he  married  Miss 
Elizabeth  ^[.  Irwin,  by  whom  he  has  had  9  children,  8  now  living, 
namely:  Adelaide  J.,  Margaret  E.,  Mary  A.,  Wm.  II..  Thomas  C, 
Isadore  E.,  Zillah  V.  and  Marion  E.  The  name  of  the  deceased 
was  Josepliine  L. 

W.  H.  Long,  of  the  firm  of  Long  &  Koehler,  grocers,  Barr3%  is 
a  native  of  Adams  county,  III.,  where  he  was  born  in  1846.  He 
was  married  in  1871  to  ]\Iiss  Mary  J.  Hendricks,  a  native  of  Ohio, 
where  she  was  born  in  1847.  In  1877  Mr.  L.  erected  the  building 
he  now  occupies,  and  formed  the  present  partnership.  The  firm 
carry  a  stock  of  $1,5*^0  to  $1,600,  and  although  a  young  firm  in  the 
business  circles  of  Barry,  they  have  a  lucrative  and  increasing 
business.  Mr.  L.  served  as  Constable  some  years,  and  is  the  father 
of  2  children,  Gracie  L.  and  Don  D. 

J.  H.  Mallory,  dealer  in  dry-goods,  clothing,  boots  and  shoes. 
This  house  was  established  in  1863  by  Louis  Angle,  who  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Sweet  <Sc  Mallor3\  This  co-partnership  existed  until 
1879,  when  Sweet  retired.  Mr.  j\L  carries  a  stock  of  $13,000  to 
$15,000,  and  controls  a  large  trade.  He  is  a  native  of  New  York 
city,  where  he  was  born  Jan.  1,  1830;  came  to  this  county  in  1846, 
and  engaged  in  farming  until  he  entered  upon  a  mercantile  pursuit. 
In  1852  he  married  Miss  Annetta  E.  Brown,  a  native  of  New  York. 
Of  this  union  one  child  is  living,  George.  Mr.  M.  is  Trustee  of  the 
Christian  Church,  and  is  one  of  the  solid,  enterprising  business  men 
of  Barry. 

T.  M.  Martin  was  born  in  Ralls  county,  Mo.,  May  6,  1845,  and 
with  his  parents  came  to  Pike  county.  111.,  in  the  spring  of  1847. 
He  is  the  3d  son  of  George  and  Levica  A.  Martin.  His  father  is  a 
native  of  Virginia,  and  mother  of  Kentucky.  T.  M.  was  married 
to  Miss  Laura  A.  Wike,  Nov.  4,  1869.  He  is  a  farmer,  and  resides 
on  sec.  11.  His  wife  is  a  daughter  of  George  Wike.  They  have 
born  to  them  4  children,  2  girls  and  2  sons. 

Charles  Mason.,  merchant,  Barry,  was  born  in  Liverpool,  Eng., 
in  1816;  at  the  age  ot  21  years  he  moved  to  Manchester,  where  he 
was  extensively  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  wall-pa])er,  until  the 
introduction  of  a  tariif  bill  by  Robert  Peel,  which  ruined  his  busi- 
ness. He  was  married  in  1838  to  Miss  Ann  Orton,  a  native  of 
England.  They  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1849  and  settled  in 
Barry,  where  he  worked  at  his  trade  until  he  was  able  to  open  a 
small  place  of  business.     Subsequently  his  health  failed,  and  Mrs. 

47 


82r»  HISTORY    OF    I'IKK   COUNTV. 

M.  opened  the  millinery  cstaMishiiient  of  their  present  locjition, 
where  she  has  since  et)nd acted  n  ver^'  profituhle  trHde,  He  after- 
ward j)urehasi'd  the  huildiiiij  Jiml  .-iddi-il  ii  stuck  c»f  dry-p«Mls  and 
groceries,  currx  in:;  a  stock  of  $l,()0(».  Both  stores  hav«'  a  fnmtage 
<tf  40  feet.  Mr.  M.  was  tlie  tirst  man  in  his  line  of  Im.siiiess  in 
liurry,  mid  nearly  all  the  churches  in  this  city  hear  the  work  of  his 
hand.  He  and  his  wife  returned  to  their  inilive  land  in  1S(;4;  and 
wre  iiii't  liy  a  i^enerous  welcome  hy  old  friends,  and  ]>rehented  with 
a  memorial  addre.-s  fVoin  the  temperance  association  at  I.on>.'sii;ht, 
in  which  cause  Mr.  .M.  has  always  borne  an  active  part.  He  is  an 
EMer  in  the  Baptist  Church  (»f  this  city,  and  is  highly  esteemed  hy 
a  lar-;*'  circle  of  friends. 

I'li'irltK  K  Mif^oTiy  deceasetl,  was  the  sc»n  «»f  l)eact»n  Charles  E. 
and  Martha  (Carrolton),  M.,  natives  «f  New  Hamjishire,  who  came 
tt)  this  county  at  an  early  day,  and  settled  on  the  present  estate, 
where  they  rehi<le<i  until  calle«l  to  a  better  home.  He  was  born 
S.pt.  10.  1^00,  and  died  in  Harry  Dec.  lO,  l^l'J.  She  was  born  in 
l^o;;  Rud  died  in  \^\V.\.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in 
Cheshire  ctmnty.  New  Hampshire,  in  1S25,  and  came  with  his 
pari'iits  to  this  county.  In  1S41<  ho  went  overland  to  California, 
where  he  remained  one  year.  In  IS.')5  he  was  marric<l  to  Mrs.  Nancy 
,1.  Hamnion,  who  was  Uirn  in  .Iohns(»n  county,  ln<l.,  in  1S2S.  She 
was  a  daughter  of  David  and  Taltitha  (Deliart)  Wo«»drufr,  natives 
of  Indiana,  wliere  he  wa«  lM>rn  in  lirown  c«»untv,  in  171m;.  To  them 
wen'  born  S  children,  rt  of  whom  are  living:  Nancy  . I.,  John,  Mary, 
David,  Hrnry  and  (ieorge.  Her  fathrr  settled  in  this  county  in 
1843,  and  is  now  living  with  his  daughter  at  the  homestead.  .Mr. 
Mason  was  aii  active  memU'r  of  the  l{a|>tist  Church  and  died  in 
this  t«>wnship  in  1S77.  To  them  were  born  5  children, — 4  sons  and 
1  daughter,  .T  of  whom  are  living:  H«'nry  li.,  Willard  Ii.  an<l 
Anna  lJ.,('has.  H.  and  Elson  H.,  decea«c<l.  The  estate  of  Mrs.  M. 
consists  of  330  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $7o  per  acre.  Her  residence 
is  on  sec.  35,  and  her  po.-^totlice  address  is  Parry. 

fjij'th  L.  McAteey  farmer,  see.  7;  P.  <>.,  liarry;  is  the  youngest 
son  i»f  Ile/.ekiah  and  Sarah  (Smith)  McAtee,  natives  (tf  Maryland 
and  North  Carolina  respectively,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1H27, 
an«l  settled  on  the  present  farm,  consisting  of  300  acres,  valued  at 
$50  per  acre,  SO  acres  of  which  he  entered,  and  Elijah  entered  the 
remain<l«'r  ami  purchiused  \  sec,  mt»st  of  which  luis  IxxMi  cleared. 
Two  brotiiers,  who  came  in  1S26,  cleared  a  portion  of  it.  Heze- 
kiah  liveti  here  until  his  death  in  Deceml>er,  1^50.  Mrs.  McAtee 
died  in  ls55.  They  were  among  the  earliest  settlers  of  the  tp.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Clark  county,  Ky.,  in  Isll,  and 
was  married  in  1830  to  Miss  Lucy  F.,  daughter  of  Ju<lge  Grubb,  a 
native  of  Kentuckv.  To  them  have  been  born  8  children,  2  of 
whom  are  livirtg:  Bell,  wife  of  Alfretl  Leacl»;and  Alfred,  who  mar- 
ried Ellen,  daughter  of  (Jeorge  Hancock,  by  whom  he  has  3  children, 
Lottie,  Ennit,  and  one  not  yet  christened.  In  1.'549  Mr.  M.,  with 
his  brother  John  and  2  s>ns,  crossed  the  plains  to  California  with 


nrSTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  827 

an  ox  team.  In  Sacramento  and  San  Jose  he  became  prominent  as 
an  auctioneer,  in  selling  outlits,  and  the  party  all  returned  by  way 
of  the  Isthmus,  roachins:  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  where  John  was  taken 
sick  and  died.  This  himily  number  amon<^  the  early  settlers  of 
Barry  tp.  They  came  in  a  wagon  drawn  by  oxen,  and  erected  a 
rude  hut,  wliich  to  this  day  shelters  occupants  of  his  farm.  His 
first  vote  was  cast  for  Gen,  Jncksun  before  he  was  21  years  of  age, 
and  he  has  always  voted  the  Democratic  ticket.  Mr.  McAtee  stands 
6  feet  3^  inches  in  his  stockings,  and  weighs  from  ISO  to  185  lbs. 

Oeorge  K.  McDaniel^  farmer,  sec.  26;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born 
in  Pike  county.  111.,  July  24,  1845,  and  is  a  son  of  Levi  Mc Daniel, 
M'ho  came  to  this  county  in  1836,  where  he  resided  until  his  death, 
March  1,  1877.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  to  Miss 
Lizzie  M.  Lippincott,  by  whom  he  has  5  children,  3  boys  and  2 
girls.  Politically  Mr.  McD.  has  ever  been  a  Democrat,  and  in 
1878  espoused  the  Greenback  cause. 

William  Mc  Daniel  y  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Barry;  is  a  son  of 
Levi  and  Elizabeth  (Jennings)  McDaniels,  natives  of  Edgefield 
District,  S.  C.,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1836  and  settled  in 
Barry  tp.,  where  he  entered  260  acres  of  timbered  land  in  sec.  26, 
where  he  lived  until  his  death  in  1876.  She  died  in  September, 
1878.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Edgefield  District, 
S.  C,  in  1823.  He  was  married  in  1845  to  Miss  Angeline,  daugh- 
ter of  Ephraiin  Blake,  an  early  settler  in  this  county  from  Pennsyl- 
vania, who  died  at  his  sun's  residence,  Jerry  Blake.  By  this  mar- 
riage 9  children  have  been  born,  6  of  whom  are  living:  Lottie, 
-wife  of  Hezekiah  Thompson;  Henry  H. ;  Ilattie,  wife  of  Henry 
Jones;  Martha,  Kancy  A.  and  William.  The  deceased  are  Ellen, 
Eddie,  and  one  who  died  in  infancy.  This  family,  with  4  others, 
numbering  35  souls,  left  South  Carolina  for  the  West  and  all  set- 
tled in  Barry  tp.  Mr.  McD.  has  been  prominently  identified  with 
the  interests  of  the  tp.,  and  the  family  are  members  of  the  Baptist 
Church.     Politics,  Democratic. 

William  Mclntire^  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Barry,  is  a  son  of  Jo- 
seph and  Joicy  (Gates)  Mclntire,  natives  of  Kentucky  and  Alabama 
respectively,  who  emigrated  to  Pike  county  in  1831  and  settled  in 
Pleasant  A^ale  township.  Some  years  afterward  he  removed  to 
Barry  ti).^  where  he  died  in  1S73.  IMrs.  Mclntire  is  still  living,  in 
the  68th  year  of  her  age.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in 
this  county  in  1836.  He  served  as  Constable  19  years.  He  was 
married  in  1861  to  Miss  Diala,  daughter  of  Joel  Hart,  deceased. 
They  have  one  child,  Lillie  II.  Mr.  Mclntire  has  been  Mayor 
and  Alderman  a  number  of  terms,  and  has  always  taken  an  active 
part  in  the  interests  of  the  town  and  city. 

John  Millhizer^  farmer,  sec.  31;  was  born  Aug.  31,  1807,  in 
Ohio,  and  is  a  son  of  Philip  and  Elizabeth  (Delavan)  Millhizer, 
father  of  German,  and  mother  of  English  descent;  was  educated  in 
the  common  schools  of  Missouri;  learned  the  cooper's  trade  of  his 
father  when  17  years  of  age;  came  from  Pike  county,  Mo.,  to  this 


828  HIJ5TOKY    OF    PIKK    rolNTV. 

county  iit  182G,  settliiij^  on  sec.  31,  liarrv  tp,,  and  Ims  nuulo  his 
lioine  here  ever  since.  In  early  day  he  ha<l  to  p>  to  Qiiincy  to  get 
work,  although  thut  place  was  »;oaref]y  lari:»'  ciioii^jli  to  he  callecl  a 
villa^'.  Ahuut  the  year  l!?3;5  he  nuirried  lle>ter  Hampton,  and  of 
tlieir  7  children  5  are  livinjr,  all  married  hut  one,  and  all  in  this 
county  but  one.  He  is  the  oldest  settler  living  in  this  tp.  at  the 
present  time,  and  remeinhers,  ainon;^  the  many  other  peculiarities 
of  pioneer  life  descril»ed  eUewhere  in  this  history,  that  hof^-steal- 
ers  were  punished  by  a  thrashing  at  the  whi)>pingpost.  lie  coni- 
mcnce<l  a  ]H>or  boy,  worked  at  the  coojwr's  trade  12  years  in  this 
county,  and  now  lias  270  acrt»fl  of  land,  well  improved,  IdO  acres  in 
cultivation.  March  20,  ls«J4,  he  married  I.ydia  .Mankcr,  an<l  they 
have  had  one  child,  David,  who  was  born  1  )cc.  I.  l^ilt.  I'.iliti 
cally  Mr.  M.  is  a  ilepublican. 

John  C  Month,  proprietor  of  livery  and  feed  stable,  liarry,  was 
Ixirn  in  I*r(»wn  «•  '  (>.,  in  IH.'i.'i,  stm  of  Oalvin  atid  Delilah 
(Sewell)  Mo»in,  re  .  .;  ..:  of  that  State.  He  came  to  this  county  in 
imS,  and  opene<l  liis  present  place  of  busines.-,  carrying  now  a 
stock  of  $2,000,  and  ctintnds  a  general  trade.  He  was  married 
Jai».  1,  l>»hO,  to  Miss  Ix'lia,  dauifliter  of  Samuel  Davis,  deeeai^ed, 
an  early  settler  of  the  county.  ^Ir.  M.  keeps  const^intly  on  hand 
a  goo<l  as^ortment  of  buggies  tor  sale,  hiiviiiL'  had  much  experience 
in  the  numufacture  and  sale  of  them. 

/>r.  J*.  M.  Parker,  dentist,  Harry,  was  born  in  Cayn^'a  county, 
N.  v.,  Jan.  If),  1^22.  and  is  a  son  of  Samuel  li.  Parker,  will  known 
in  tlie  history  of  I'ike  county ;  his  schmd  education  was  obtained 
mostly  in  an  old  log  school-house  in  this  county;  in  182<>  his  pa 
rents  move*!  with  him  to  Trumbull  county,  ().,  and  in  1836  to  this 
county.  Dr.  I*,  studied  medicine  under  Dr.  Higgins.  of  (iri^rgs- 
villc,  at  intervals  for  three  years,  chopping  cord-wood  in  the  mean- 
time to  4ibtain  money  to  pay  his  e.x|>enses.  He  is  a  trraduate  of  the 
metlical  department  of  the  State  University  of  .Missouri  at  St. 
Louis,  practiciMJ  medicine  at  I'rsa,  Adams  county,  111.,  from  1^41 
to  184(J;  at  New  C'anton,  this  county,  fronj  that  time  to  ls.'jl; 
from  that  time  to  1>53  in  the  c<»untry  five  miles  east  of  Pittsfield, 
and  then  at  Harry  from  1S53  to  1S64,  since  which  time  he  has  been 
engage*!  in  dentistry,  which  he  fidlows  with  success.  He  hel)»ed 
to  build  one  of  the  tirst  '  -  ';ool. houses  in  Pike  county,  namely, 
the  one  near  Hlue  River  •  ''O',  in  Detroit  tp.,  in  ls43.    March 

21,  1850,  he  married  Celia  A.  Dunham,  daughter  of  John  Dun- 
ham, of  Newburg  ('orners,  this  county,  and  they  have  had  but  one 
child,  which  die<l  alK»ut  7^  months  old. 

M.  O.  Patterson,  mi  I  road  and  express  agent  at  Harry,  was  born 
in  New  York  city  Feb.  9,  1848.  In  1870  he  was  united  in  wed- 
lock to  Miss  Nettie  E.  Young,  a  native  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.  He  wa.- 
appointed  to  his  present  position  in  1871,  an<l  moved  to  this  city, 
where  he  lias  since  made  it  his  home.  He  is  also  extensively 
engaged  in  the  coal  and  grain  business.  To  him  l>elongs  the  honor 
of  introducing  the  nee  of  anthracite  coal  in   this  county.     Large 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  829 

shipments  are  constantly  coming  in  from  the  coal  mines  of  Scran- 
ton,  Pa.,  and  it  is  being  largely  used  in  various  portions  of  the 
c  lunty.  lie  is  Secretai-y  of  the  Masonic  order  of  this  city.  He 
has  two  children,  Carrie  and  Ada. 

O.  II.  Perry,  manufacturer,  was  born  in  Cumberland  county, 
Pa.,  in  1826,  the  son  of  Samuel  and  ]\[ary  (Butts)  Perry,  natives  of 
that  State,  where  the}'  both  died.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came 
to  this  county  in  1S4S,  and  engaired  in  the  woolen  manufactory. 
He  was  a  partner  in  the  company  of  six  that  erected  the  woolen 
mill  in  1864,  where  he  was  successfully  engaged  for  twenty  years. 
He  was  married  in  1856  to  Miss  Virginia  Watson,  a  native  of  New 
York,  who  died  in  1872,  leaving  2  children,  Thomas  and  Mary. 
His  present  wife,  7iee  Lottie  Ilart,  is  a  native  of  this  county  and 
daughter  of  Joel  Hart,  deceased.  To  this  union  1  child  has  been 
born,  Clarence.  Mr.  P.  has  a  pleasant  residence,  with  12i  acres  of 
land,  and  he  also  has  160  acres  in  other  jiarts  of  the  tp.  He  served 
as  Road  Supervisor  11  years,  and  School  Director  many  years,  and 
lias  always  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  business  circles  of  Barry. 
His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church.  In  politics  he  is 
Democratic  always. 

Charles  Pinger,  lumber  dealer,  Barry;  established  in  the  fall  of 
'76.  He  furnished  the  means  for  the  erection  of  the  saw- mill  and 
buildings  in  1875,  prior  to  which  time  the  business  was  carried  on 
in  a  small  vard  throu2:h  his  a^ent.  He  first  bciran  business  at  Han- 
nibal  on  a  small  capital,  and  increased  until  he  was  enabled  to  run 
6  yards.  He  shipped  over  100  car-loads  of  lumber  to  this  place. 
He  employs  from  12  to  20  men,  and  fills  contracts  for  furnishing 
buildings  with  sash,  doors,  mouldings,  etc.,  all  of  which  are  made 
at  this  establishment.  Mr.  P.  is  a  native  of  Cincinnati,  O.,  where 
lie  was  born  in  1848.  Mr.  P.  is  also  enofaged  in  the  mercantile 
business,  where  he  is  having  a  lucrative  trade,  and  is  one  of  the 
thorough  business  men  of  the  times.  He  was  married  in  1870  to 
Miss  !Xettie,  daughter  of  John  Rice,  a  native  of  Ohio.  To  them 
have  been  born  4  children. — Harry,  Leo,  Lulu  and  Pearl. 

Charles  Roasa,  of  the  firm  of  Liggett  &  Roasa,  grocers,  Barry,  is 
a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  born  in  1852.  He  is  the 
son  of  Charles  and  Elizabeth  Roasa,  natives  of  Germany,  who  emi- 
grated to  America  in  1840,  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania,  and  are  at 
this  time  living  in  Lewis  county,  Mo.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  married  in  1875  to  Miss  Nora  McDonald,  a  native  of  this 
county.  To  them  one  child  has  been  born,  Paulina.  Mr.  R.  fills 
the  office  of  City  Clerk,  and  is  one  of  the  active  young  business  men 
of  Barry.  He  is  a  member  of  the  I.  O.  ().  P.,  and  Republican  in 
politics.  The  firm  of  which  he  is  a  member  succeeded  A.  AVliite 
in  1880,  and  they  now  carry  a  stock  of  $2,000  and  enjoy  a  fair 
trade. 

Dr.  J.  S.  Powand  ct-  Son,  druggists,  Barry.  The  senior  jiartner 
of  this  firm  was  born  in  Camden,  N.  J.,  in  1813;  was  married  in 
1834  to  Miss  Ellen  B.  Haines,  a  native  of  Philadelphia,  where  he 


830 


HISTOKT    OF    I'IKK    COTNTY 


wim  enga^d  in  the  jiractice  of  {uitout  ine<licino  until  ho  caino  to 
this  c<uii»ty  in  185«5,  and  conunenced  his  present  business.  In  1876 
he  erected  the  huildinj^  he  now  ociMipies.  It  has  a  tronta^e  ot'  37 
feet  and  is  1l'(»  feet  deep.  The  firm  wirry  a  stoek  (if  ;f3,U<M»,  und 
have  a  hir«;e  and  lucrative  tra<le.  He  lias  3  children  livintj:  John, 
the  juHior  partner  of  the  house,  wlio  tnarrie<l  Miss  McTiieker,  of 
this  city:  Horace  M.  and  Mathuel  II.  Mr.  and  Mr**.  K.  are  nieru- 
ber«  of  tht*  l!aj)tist  t'liurch. 

O.  W.  Shietilsy  proprietor  of  lime  kihi;  P.  ().,  Harry;  was  l)orii 
in  Athetis  county,  O.,  in  1842,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Lydia 
Sidhy,  natives  of  Ohio,  who  emi<;rated  to  this  State  in  1S4S,  an<l 
settled  north  of  (^uincy,  where  he  live«l  until  he  niovt-d  to  this  tp., 
where  he  now  resides.  The  suhject  of  this  sketch  was  n)arri<Hl  in 
ls«l8  to  Misw  Martha  Freeman,  a  native  of  Illinois.  Mr.  S.  has 
be<'n  e;  :  in  his  present    business  4  years,  and  is  doin;r  a  fair 

trade,  i  m  -,f,  Josie  and  .Mal»el  are  hisliving  children,  i'olitic*, 
I)t  inocratic- 

Eugene  Smithy  merchant  and  hanker,  iSarry,  is  afton  of  Nathaniel 
and  Svlvania  (Sweet)  Smith,  mitives  <»f  New  York  State,  whoemi- 
jfrate<i  to  this  county  and  wltled  in  Marry  tp.  in  l^iiT.  where  he  is 
at  this  time  living.  She  died  in  iJiTl*.  The  su!»ject  of  this  sketch 
was  Uirn  in  Pike  county.  III.,  in  ls31>,  and  during  the  early  years 
of  his  life  engage<l  in  clerking,  until  Qiilte<l  to  HI  the  ofiice  of 
cashier  in  the  Kxchange  Hank  at  the  time  of  '\\f.  organization.  In 
iNTii  he  was  a«lmitlrd  t«»  the  concern,  forming  the  present  partner- 
ship of  Smith,  Davis  A:  Hrown.  He  was  married  in  lH7t«  to  Mi«s 
Helen,  daughter  of  Herjry  Ii«»nn»'l,  a  unlive  of  (irigifsville,  Mr. 
Smith  is  also  a  j>artner  of  the  firm  of  Crandall  A:  Smith,  grocers 
and  grain  dealers,  which  is  the  largest  house  of  the  kin<i  in  Pike 
county.  \\v  is  a  meml)er  of  the  I.  < ).  ().  p.,  and  tills  the  otHc  of 
Dictator  in  the  Knights  of  Honor.  He  and  Mrs.  S.  are  inemlxirs 
of  the  Paptist  (.'liurch.  Probably  no  man  is  more  deserving  of 
success  than  Mr.  Smith,  for  close  '*  *ion  to  business,  energy, 
integrity,  and  the  |..-->--ion  of  tju...:.  that  have  won  for  him 
an  active  and  res]H  |Misitiun  in  this  county.     His  ])ortrait, 

which  app(>Hr8  in  this  work,  was  taken  at  the  age  (»f  40  years. 

(rtorge  W.  Stni'fh,  teacher,  is  a  son  of  .lames  and  Sarah  Smith, 
of  Parrv.  and  was  born  in  Pelmont  countv,  ().,  Feb.  s,  1851;  was 
brought  by  his  parents  to  this  cuunty  in  185(>;  was  e<lucated  in 
Parry,  where  he  is  now  teaching  his  eightli  year  in  the  2d  gram- 
mar schoid;  he  taui:ht  his  tir^t  sc1km»1  at  Summer  Hill,  this  county. 
In  1874  he  marrieil  Mies  Alta  ('.  Plair.  (laughter  of  Samuel  Plair, 
ot  Parry,  ami  they  have  had  '2  children.  — (rcorire  L..  decea-scl, 
and  Ida. 

J.  J.  Smith,  dealer  in  IkkjIs  and  di(»es,  clothing,  hats,  caps,  and 
gents'  furnishing-goods.  i    '   '  '  ~he<l   himself    in  grocery  business 
in  1S6D.      In  1870   Mr.  Ci...  ...  was  admitted  and  they  formed  a 

partnership.     The  firm  dissolved  in  1875.     The  following  year  he 
erected  the  building  of  his  present  location,  at  a  cost  of  $7,500. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  831 

Being  in  poor  health,  he  spent  one  }'ear  in  the  South,  and  in  1877 
returned  and  opened  l-.is  i>resent  business,  where  he  enjoys  a  good 
trade,  lie  is  a  native  of  Lynchburg  county,  Ya. ,  where  he  was 
born  in  1840.  He  was  married  in  Virginia  to  Miss  Sarah  F. 
Cruinpton,  a  native  of  that  State.  Tliey  have  one  adopted  son, 
James  Y.  Mr.  S.  is  one  of  the  active  and  enterprising  merchants 
of  Barry,  and  is  well  and  favorably  known. 

M.  Strubinger  was  born  in  Delaware  in  1833,  and  is  the  eldest 
son  of  Joseph  Strubinger,  deceased,  whose  name  is  familiar  to  all 
of  the  ])eople  of  Pi  tee  county.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
brought  by  his  parents  to  Pike  county  when  he  was  a  boy,  and  he 
commenced  the  battle  of  life  at  the  age  of  21,  working  on  the  farm 
by  the  month  until  he  was  about  30  years  of  age,  at  $15  per  month, 
lie  worked  for  one  man  seven  years.  Mr.  Strul)inger  was  married 
to  Miss  Mary  II.  (Uuimberlain  in  1862,  and  they  have  had  four 
children.  Mr.  Strubinger  came[to  Barry,  where  he  resided  for  live 
or  six  years,  and  now  resides  three-fourths  of  a  mile  south,  on  a 
farm  of  225  acres  of  highly  improved  farm  lands.  He  has  the 
past  year  built  him  one  of  the  finest  farm  residences  in  the  county. 
He  has  in  all  about  1,200  acres  of  land.  He  is  a  thorough  farmer 
and  deals  extensively  in  stock. 

Dr.  Josijph  Jerome  Tovliff.  Dr.  Topliff  was  born  in  Bridge- 
water,  Windsor  county,  \  ermont,  Sept.  12,  l.'^32.  He  remained  at 
home  until  the  age  of  16,  receiving  his  early  education  at  the  dis- 
trict school,  working  on  his  father's  farm  during  the  summer,  and 
attending  school  in  the  winter.  He  was  then  sent  to  Bhick  River 
Academy,  at  Ludlow,  Yt.,  where  he  remained  two  years,  and  then 
entered  the  Green  Mountain  Liberal  Institute,  at  South  Woodstock, 
Yt.,  closing  his  Academic  course  at  that  Institution, where  he  entered 
upon  the  study  of  medicine,  and  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College,  N. 
H.  In  April,  1856,  he  came  to  Illinois  and  located  at  Pittsfield,  Pike 
county,  and  the  following  year  was  elected  School  Oummissioner  of 
the  count}',  which  office  he  held  for  two  terms.  In  the  spring  of 
1862  he  moved  to  New  Salem,  and  devoted  his  attention  to  the 
practice  of  his  profession,  where  his  professional  and  untiring 
devotion  to  his  patients  and  his  profession,  with  his  accustomed 
social,  courteous,  and  honorable  manner,  won  for  him  a  large  circle 
of  patrons  and  warm  friends.  He  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Circuit 
Court  and  Recorder  of  the  county  in  the  fall  of  1868,  which  office 
he  held  for  4  years,  with  ability  and  entire  satisfaction  to  the  peo- 
ple of  the  county,  and  left  his  official  record  without  spot  or  blem- 
ish. Preparatory  to  resuming  the  practice  of  his  profession  he 
spent  the  fall  and  winter  of  1875-6  in  New  York,  pursuing  his 
professional  studies  at  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical  College  and  the 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  when  two  years  ago  he  asso- 
ciated himself  with  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  highly  esteemed 
practitioners  of  the  county.  Dr.  A.  C.  Baker,  of  Barry,  111.,  where 
we  find  him  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  full  confidence  of  his  profes- 
sional brethren,  and  a"  large  and  increasing  demand  for  his  profes- 


832 


HI8TOBY    OF    TIKE  COUNTY. 


Bionsil  .servicc'8.  Dr.  Toplit!'  was  married  to  I.auni  K.  Lake,  South 
Woodstitek.  Vt.,  in  1S5»;,  aii«i  tliey  liave  liaJ  4  oliiMreii,  1  sum  ami 
3  dau^^liters.  The  sou  was  ac-citleutally  (*hot  ami  killeii  when  II  vears 
ot'ai^e;  the  wife  ami  daujijliters  are  all  liviiijr, 

J.  L.  Und^rwhtd,  a^tortiev  at  law,  Harry,  is  a  son  of  Koltert 
and  .Martha  (Mmiordonki  ruderwond.  the  formt-r  horn  in  New 
York  city,  .March  7,  1S03,  and  the  latter  horn  Au;f  2,  1S03.  Tliey 
emigrated  to  Illinois  and  settled  iti  ICMara,  where  he  died  Feh.  11, 
1H78;  she  is  still  livinj^  in  thi»*eity.  Tlic  suhjoct  of  this  sketch  was 
horn  in  New  York  city,  .May  1»).  1820;  came  to  this  county  in  1S36, 
where  he  has  since  made  it  his  home.  In  1S47  he  enli>ted  in  Co. 
K,  5th  III.  Vol.,  ft>r  the  Mexican  war, and  serve<l  nwirly  two  yeftrs. 
In  the  spring  of  1S4D  ho  went  overland  to  California;  returniut;  the 
followiiiij  year  h«'  was  marri»'<l  to  Miss  L>>uisa  Lvons,  daui,'literof 
Joseph  and  Klizaheth  Lyons,  a  native  of  this  State.  To  them  were 
l)orn  10  childnMi.  0  of  whom  are  living,  h  Ikjvs  and  a  ^irl  He 
bepin  the  practicoof  law  in  this  city  in  1802;  was  ajtpointed  under 
Lincoln  I tnpector  of  Coal  Oils,  Liquors  and  Tohacco,  and  served 
in  that  cjipacity  until  rem<»ved  hy  Andy  .Johnson.  He  was  .Justice 
of  the  I'eai'e  4  yenrs  in  I  )erry,  and  I\»liee  .Ma;^istrate  lo  years,  and 
Su|>ervis4»r  2  years.  He  is  a  njeml*er  of  the  Masonic  onler,  and 
has  always  l»e<'n  identifi«'<l  with  the  interests  of  the  town  and 
county.  .Sir.  r.  has  tniveh^l  extensively  *  —  :_'h  ditrcrent  countries 
of  the  Ka«t.  and  is  well  infornn-d  on  all  -  t>.      His   mother  has 

for  50  years  l>eon  a  ineinlKT  of  the  Methodist  Church. 

John  ]IVA«T,  propriet4ir  of  the  Kinpire  H<»use.  was  lM)rn  in  St. 
I»uis,  Mo.,  in  1813,  and  is  a  son  of  .John  and  Mari:;ir<'t  Weher, 
natives  of  (Jermany,  who  emi^nitc*!  t<»  America  in  l"^41  and  settlwl 
in  Pitt*l»ur^.  Pa.,  fnuu  which  State  they  njoved  to  Ailams  couiitj, 
where  they  at  this  time  reside.  Mr.  J<ihn  Weljcr  wa*  married  in 
1S»>7  to  Miss  Kosu.  datii;liter  «»f  Ilol>ert  Ili^h,  a  native  (»f  Adams 
county,  where  Mr.  W.  was  en^m'<l  in  millin;;  an<l  merchantlising 
uiitil  he  came  to  this  courjty  in  1S77.  Here  he  cn^a/ijcd  iis  sales- 
man, until  he  took  the  Kmpire  House  in  the  winter  of  the  same 
year.  In  the  hrief  exjM'rietice  of  Mr.  W.  in  catering  to  the  travel- 
iuiT  puhlic  he  has  wt»n  for  himselt  ati  extended  reputation.  Court- 
eous, kimi,  and  obli^in^  at  all  time.»,  the  traveler  will  lind  the 
'♦  Kmpire"  a  place  of  welcome.  He  is  the  father  of  3  children, — 
Ralph  K  ,  II  irry  and  Nettie.  Mr.  Wel>er  is  an  Alderman  at  pre- 
sent. 

Henry  Wendorf,  furniture  dealer,  west  side  of  the  Square,  Barry, 
III.,  was  born  in  Germany,  June  IS,  1828;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  in  1856,  stopping  at  Hutt'alo  one  year;  he  then  came  and 
6tarte<]  in  husiness  in  a  small  huildinj;  otdv  10  ltv24on  the  west 
side  of  the  S|uare  in  Harry,  which  building  he  has  greatly  en- 
larged on  account  of  his  increasing  business.  *He  keeps  constantly 
on  hand  the  liest  line  of  goods,  selling  them  at  very  low  rates.  Uia 
capital  stork  is  now  alx>nt  1^3.000.     In   1857  he  married  Caroline 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  833 

Hermoii,  by  wlioni  he  has  had  7  cliildroii :  Henry,  Louise,  Anna, 
Oarrie,  Mary,  May  and  Irene. 

Alex.  White,  retired  merchant,  Barry,  is  a  native  of  Scotland, 
where  he  was  born  in  1S30,  and  emigrated  to  America  in  1S50  with 
his  parents,  Tliomas  and  Esther  (Watson)  White,  who  settled  near 
Barry  and  engaged  in  farming.  They  afterward  moved  t<r>  Qnincy, 
where  they  both  died,  ^Ir.  W.  became  associated  with  his  brother 
in  the  mercantile  business  in  18G4,  which  was  continued  until  the 
present  year,  when  the  firm  dissolved.  He  was  married  in  1853  to 
Miss  Mary  Ferguson,  a  native  of  Scotland,  by  whom  he  has  one 
child  living,  Alexandria  R.,  wife  of  Albei-t  Hurt,  residents  of  this 
city.  Mr.  W.  has  been  School  Director  9  years,  and  is  the  present 
Clerk  of  the  Board.  He  has  always  taken  an  active  interest  in 
school  matters,  and  other  matters  pertaining  to  the  welfare  of  Barry. 
In  politics  he  is  a  Republican. 

W.  F.  Whlte^  merchant,  Barry,  111.,  is  the  son  of  Thomas  and 
Esther  (Watson)White,  natives  of  Scotland :  with  their  family  they 
emigrated  to  this  country  in  1850  and  located  in  Quincy;  thence 
they  moved  to  Barry,  on  a  farm.  They  were  the  parents  of  12 
<;hildren,  11  boys  and  1  girl,  of  which  W.  F.  was  the  seventh  son, 
being  about  15  years  of  age  when  he  came  to  this  city.  In  his 
early  life  he  learned  the  carpenter's  trade  and  superintended  the 
building  of  many  fine  houses  in  the  neighborhood;  and  by  strict 
perseverance  and  economy,  in  1857  he  embarked  in  the  mercantile 
business,  of  which  he  has  stood  at  the  head  (firm  of  W.  F.  White  & 
Brother)  for  23  years;  was  a  large  operator  in  grain  and  pork-pack- 
ing till  within  tlie  last  three  years;  is  now  engaged  in  mercantile 
business, — dry-goods,  boots  and  shoes,  hardware  and  agricultural 
implements,  and  doing  a  good  business.  lie  also  holds  an  interest 
in  the  Opera  House,  which  was  commenced  by  his  energy,  also  in- 
terested in  many  buildings  and  dwellings,  etc.,  in  the  city.  He  has 
also  held  some  very  prominent  positions  before  the  peoj^le,  as  City 
Treasurer  and  Alderman;  has  served  the  townshi])  as  Supervisor 
for  several  years,  with  <^reat  credit  and  honor.  Is  a  prominent  Free- 
mason, in  which  order  lie  has  held  many  oflices  of  prominence;  is 
now  M.  E.  Scribe  of  Barry  Chapter  No.  88,  B.  A.  M.;  is  an  un- 
flinching Democrat  in  politics,  and  now  a  prominent  candidate  before 
the  people  for  the  nomination  of  Circuit  Clerk  of  Bike  county.  He 
was  married  in  1862  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Rush,  daughter  of  Josiah 
Rush,  and  they  have  had  two  children,  Caroline  and  William  A. 
Caroline  died  in  1864,  aged  15  months.  His  wife  Mary  died  in 
1866,  aged  33  years. 

D.  J.  Wike,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  Cumber- 
land county.  Pa.,  m  1821,  and  is  the  youngest  son  of  George  and 
Mary  (Essig)  Wike,  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  where  his  father  died 
in  1825.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  settled  in  Quincy  in  1842, 
where  he  engaged  in  the  woolen  business  for  2  years,  when  he  came 
to  this  tp.,  and  with  two  brotiiers,  George  and  Joseph,  and  P. 
•Grubb,  erected  a  woolen  factory  on  sec.  23,  where  he  carried  on  an 


h:i4  mSTOKY    OF    PIKE    COrNlY. 

extriisMf  huhincn!?  for  5  yonrs;  then  lie  sold  lii>  iiitoroRt  luid  ])nr- 
I'lmsL'd  ii  fiinn  irj  New  Siileiii  tp.  Three  yeurd  atterwiinl  he  re- 
turned t(»  nnrrv,  mid  in  1847  whs  inurried  to  Drnsilla,  daughter  of 
Thoinas  Orr,  a  native  ot"  liandolph  county.  III.,  where  she  waa 
horn  in  ls2*^;  setth'd  on  his  jiresent  estate  in  the  s|»ritiij  of  ls53, 
cttnsistini^  of  I'o  »  :u!res,  valued  at  ^lo  per  acre.  Mr.  W.  has  l)een 
prominently  identilie*!  with  the  interest*  <»f  the  tp.,  and  was  tlio 
first  ineuiher  initiated  in  the  MaMHiic  Onier  at  Marry,  in  1^45. 
lie  is  the  father  of  7  children,  0  of  wlmuj  are  livini;, —  riiomaa  O., 
Dallas.  William  M  ,  .Mary  K.,  Charles  S.  and  I.^>uis  L. 

Thonms  O.  UV/,v,  farmer,  sec.  34;  P.O.,  jiarry;  was  horn  in  this 
tp.  in  1848,  and  is  a  son  of  David  ami  Drnsilla  (Orr)  Wike,  early 
Larry  pioneers.  The  suhject  (»f  this  sketch  was  married  in  1S72 
to  .Miss  Klmira  Uchraii,  a  native  of  this  c<»unty.  Two  children 
are  the  fruits  t»f  this  marria;;e, — Cte«trtf»?  II.  and  Kli/.ahfth  K.  Mr. 
Wike  has  a  farm  of  40  acres,  valued  at  ;^75  per  aero.  II  o  is  a  metn- 
her  <»f  I.  O.  O.  F.,  af.d  one  of  the  pioneer  j^neration  of  Harry. 

./.  Ii.  WiUiiiin*,  farmer,  se<'.  W)'.  P.  O.,  Harry;  is  tlie  son  of 
John  ami  .Margaret  ^^lient»l  Williams,  natives  of  Tennessee,  who 
settle<l  in  Indiana  when  it  was  a  Territory,  where  he  died  in  1817. 
She  died  in  ls;i3.  The  fuhject  «if  lliis  sketch  was  l)orn  in  Overton 
ci»unty,Tenn.,  in  lsl7;  in  ls:i4  he  went  to  lowii,  then  thoTerrit(»r 
of  Wiscon^in.  when-  lu'  i>urchase«|  lan<l,  which  he  afterwanl 
receivinif  in  payment  Illinois  Stale  scrip,  payahlo  at  ft  |>er  cent, 
interest,  which  was  never  redeeme<l.  This  was  valuable  tim«;  and 
lalK»r  h)sl,  and  in  1S4'J  ho  evacuated  that  Territ«»rv  for  the  growing 
settlements  of  Illinois,  and  rented  a  farm  in  Pleasant  Vale  tp. 
He  was  marrii-*!  .March  1<>.  1*^45.  to  .Miss  Klizal>eth  A.  Haldwin.  a 
native  of  New  York  State,  who  dietl  Nov.  15,  of  tlie  same  year. 
She  was  lM>rn  Aufj.  tf,  182s.  His  present  wife,  lately  ^Ira. 
Mary  Hhiir,  witjow  of  Hon.  Wm.  Hlair,  who  died  in  the  State  I^c}^- 
islature  in  1>45,  w:ib  horn  in  New  York  State  Nov.  1,  lbl4.  Mr. 
W.  settled  on  his  present  farm  in  1845,  consisting  of  140  acres, 
valuiHJ  at  $7(>  per  acr»*.  .Mr.  W.  has  l>een  prominently  identified 
with  the  interests  of  the  township  in  several  oflices,  aii«l  the  family 
are  memhers  of  the  Haptist  Church.  Of  their  several  children  2 
are  livitii;,  J«ihn  U.  and  Calvin  J.  Politically,  Mr.  W.  is  a  Demo- 
crat. 


•ry 
.Id, 


PLEASANT   VALE  TOWNSHIP. 

Long  before  railroads  were  tlioui^lit  of  in  the  West,  and  when  the 
red  man  and  wild  beasts  roamed  at  will  across  the  prairies  and 
tlirough  the  forests  of  Illinois;  and  when  this  expanse  of  country  was 
one  vast  wilderness,  two  young  men  wended  their  way  into  this 
then  far  West,  and  took  uj^  their  dwelling  among  the  treacherous 
Indians  and  savage  beasts.  They  pitched  their  tent  first  on  sec.  16 
of  what  is  now  Pleasant  Vale  township.  These  men,  who  were 
then  young  and  sturdy,  both  won  wealth,  position  and  honor,  in 
this  great  State.  They  were  John  Wood  and  Willard  Keyes,  both 
names  familiar  to  almost  every  man  in  this  part  of  the  State,  and 
the  former  of  whom  was  chosen  Lieutenant  (rovernor,  and  on  the 
death  of  Governor  Bissell  acted  as  Governor.  These  two  men  met 
about  this  time  and  formed  a  friendship  which  was  never  broken 
until  the  death  of  Mr.  Keyes  in  1872.  They  lived  here  in  one  little 
cabin;  indeed,  they  had  much  in  common;  youth,  energy  and  am- 
bition,— common  aims  and  sympathies,  and  for  half  a  century  they 
watched  the  growth  and  gradual  dev^elopment  of  the  city  they  hud 
founded. 

AVood  and  Willard  soon  moved  from  sec.  16  to  the  southwest 
quarter  of  sec.  22,  where  they  made  the  lirst  improvements  that 
were  made  in  the  township.  They  soon  afterward,  however,  sold 
their  possessions  here  and  moved  to  Quincy  and  founded  that  city, 
where  Mr.  AVood  still  resides,  and  where  Mr.  Keyes  lived  until  his 
death. 

Amos  and  Joseph  Jackson,  David  Button,  Major  Hinckley,  Par- 
ley Jackson,  Daniel  Howard,  Mr.  Rice,  Mr.  Mitchell  and  Andrew 
Shearer  were  also  very  early  settlers  in  this  township,  and  did  much 
for  the  improvement  of  the  county. 

These  early  settlers  endured  many  liardshii)S  and  privations  in 
preparing  the  way  for  future  generations  and  future  prosperity, 
which  the  people  of  to-day  know  not  of.  They  ground  their  orn 
for  food  on  a  hand-mill,  and  at  times  crushed  it  in  a  hominy  block. 
The  latter  consisted  of  a  hole  burnt  in  a  stump  or  block  of  wood, 
in  which  corn  was  placed  and  crushed  with  an  iron  wedge  or  mallet. 
In  a  short  time,  however,  these  odd  and  rude  pieces  of  )>ioneer  ma- 
chinery were  replaced  by  horse-mills.  These  were  generally  situ- 
ated eight  or  ten  miles  from  the  settlers  here,  and  although  they 
were  a  great  improvement  upon  the  hand-mills  and  hominy  blocks, 
the  process  of  grinding  would  be  considered  very  slow,  indeed,  by 


X36  IIISTOKV    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

the  |)eo|iIe  of  this  day  iiiul  age  of  stoain-mills.  The  boys  then 
werit  ti»  mill  on  horsehack,  and  sehloni  ever  rotiiriied  the  khiiu'  day. 
Thev  wiMiM  coii'MTijiite  uikUt  the  i»i«l  shed  of  the  ht»r6e-niill  while 
waiting  fur  tlieir  turn,  and  there  make  a  fire  and  j)areh  corn,  tell 
jokeB,  etc.  In  this  way  tiiey  would  pass  the  night  very  jdeasantly 
without  HUjiper  or  8l(M'|);  for  the  supjH'r  c«»uld  not  be  had,  and  there 
wa.>  n»)  plai'e  to  6lee[»,  .«»ave  on  the  sacks  of  corn. 

Then  came  tiie  days  of  schotds  and  churches.  The  firdt  school- 
house  erected  by  the  settlers  was  on  sec.  22,  in  isji.  It  was  a  log 
CJibin  with  a  clapboard  di><»r,  puncheon  floor,  slab  benches  for  seats 
and  a  huge  fire-place  at  one  end  of  the  ro«»m.  The  th-sks  c<)nsiste<l 
of  puncheitns  supported  by  pins  in  tlie  wall;  the  fire-place  had  no 
chimney  except  above  tlie  roof;  there  were  two  d(H)rs,  one  at  each 
side  of  the  tire-place.  The  fuel  used  co:isiste<l  of  huge  U>*^a^  which 
were  ofteji  ilr-.  -  -  !  int4t  the  house  by  a  horse  coming  in  at  one  door 
ami  pa^sing  ;  ^h  and  out  at   the  other.      Around  and  near  the 

fire-place  there  was  no  fi<ior  except  the  ground,  the  puncheon  floor 
covering  the  back  pjirt  of  therooin  «»nly.  The  window  consisted  of  a 
lot;  renuive*!  iVom  one  si<ie  of  the  roou),  with  gn'H>.e<l  ]>!ip«r  paste<f 
over  the  aj»erture.     The  first  te«cher  liere  was  a  Mr.  KuuKin.     The 

I>ioneer  teacher  was  nf  the  ox-driver  claims,  and  generally  cjirried  a 
argu  "  giid  "  in  liis  hands,  to  maintain  order  iti  the  hcIiooI. 

Itcligious  wor^hip  was  early  instituted  in  the  first  settlement  of 
this  township.  The  first  si-rmt>n  was  |>reaclu'd  by  Ifrv.  .Mr.  Hunter, 
of  the  MethtKlist  denomination,  and  the  first  regularly  organized 
religious  society  was  aUit  that  of  the  Methodists.  This  society  first 
worshi|»cti  in  the  house  t»f  Mr.  J»^ck^on,  and  afterward  in  theschool- 
fiouse  on  sec.  *J2.  The  M«irm  »ns  aUo  fi;jure<l  larirelv  in  a  Church 
organi/.atit»n  here  S4Mne  years  later.  They  at  one  time  ha<i  a  soci- 
ety of  altout  100  communicants,  and  erected  a  house  of  worshin  in 
the  northwest  part  of  the  townshii>.  When  the  NauviM*  trouble, 
came,  however,  they  left  this  neignlmrlnHKf  to  join  their  brethren 
at  that  place.  The  old  Mormon  church  was  afterward  moved  to 
the  .Mississippi  river,  and  there  used  for  a  warehouse. 

The  first  white  child  l»orn  in  the  Ip.  was  An«lrew  J.  Stanley,  in 
1823.  The  tirst  death  was  that  of  Marv. lane  Mc Daniel  which  <»ccurred 
in  the  autumn  of  the  same  year.  The  first  parties  marrie*!  were 
I'otter  Sa.xhorn  and  Matilda  Stanley,  in  the  yeiir   1S'J.'«. 

In  those  early  days  the  wagons,  for  the  most  part,  were  rudely 
constructed  by  the  settlers  themselves,  and  consisted  wludly  of 
Wi>i»d.  The  wheels  were  sawn  from  large  sycamore  trees,  and  holes 
were  boretl  in  the  center,  in  which  to  insert  the  axletrees.  The 
farmers  often  used  these  wagons  in  going  to  mill,  hauling  their 
produce  to  market,  and  for  a  convevance  in  whicli  to  attend 
Church. 

In  pioneer  times,  when  there  were  scarcely  any  Icnces,  and  not 
land  enough  u»'der  cultivation  to  stop  the  great  prairie  fires  which 
occurred  in  the  fall  of  the  year,  thev  proved  very  disastrous  to  those 
living  on   the  prairie.     This  township  consists,  for  the   most  part, 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  837 

of  Mississippi  river  bottom  land,  a  large  portion  of  which  is  prai- 
rie. The  i;rass  on  this  bottom  land  ii^rew  to  an  onormons  height, 
was  very  thick,  and  as  hiy;h  as  a  man's  head  while  on  horseback. 
This  grass  was  so  heavj'  and  thick  that  when  the  settlers  went  a-lish- 
ing  in  the  Sny  they  wonld  hitch  the  team  to  a  large  brush  or  tree 
and  drag  it  through  the  grass  and  mash  it  down,  to  make  a  road 
for  them  to  pass  over.  In  the  fall  of  the  year  this  hi xu riant  growth 
of  grass  would  be  set  on  fire  by  the  Indians  or  hunters,  and  espe- 
cially when  the  wind  was  high,  would  sweep  resistlessly  over  the 
whole  country,  high  and  low,  destroying  a  great  deal  of  property. 

The  pioneers  early  learned  to  guard  against  this  destructive  ele- 
ment by  plowing  wide  strips  of  land  around  their  premises  and 
around  their  grain  and  hay.  As  soon  as  the  alarm  of  fire  was 
given,  each  settler  would  immediately  begin  to  "  back  fire."  This 
was  done  by  setting  the  grass  on  fire  next  outside  the  plowed  strip, 
which  would  burn  slowly  and  meet  the  rai)idly  advancing  fiames 
that  came  rolling  in  majestic  grandeur,  from  20  to  30  feet  in  the 
air. 

This  bottom  land  is  nownndera  high  state  of  cultivation,  and 
since  the  completion  of  the  levee  has  become  one  of  the  richest 
farming  districts  of  America.  The  land  lying  between  the  Sriy 
and  the  Mississippi  is  timber  land,  and  as  fertile  as  the  prairie.  ■  It 
is  now  rapidly  being  cleared  and  improved.  This  district  bears 
the  appearance  of  being  a  new  country,  however,  for  wild  animals 
are  quite  numerous  hero,  and  also  the  gray  and  bald  eagle. 

iVIost  of  the  land  in  this  township  was  obtained  from  the  Gov- 
ernment at  $1.25  per  acre,  and  it  was  very  readily  paid  for.  The 
fur-bearing  animals  were  very  plenty  here  then,  and  a  settler  would 
obtain  fur  enough  during  the  tail  and  winter  to  pay  for  160  acres 
of  land.  We  have  it  from  good  authority  that  it  was  not  an  un- 
common occurrence  to  see  five  or  six  coons  in  one  tree  at  one  time 
during  those  pioneer  days.  Mr.  Francis  Jackson  related  to  us  that 
he  saw  at  one  time  nine  coons  in  one  tree.  Snakes  also  were  very 
numerous  and  annoying,  and  especially  the  rattlesnake.  The  Mis- 
sissippi bluffs,  which  extend  from  the  northwest  to  the  southeast, 
through  this  townshij^,  were  a  constant  den  for  the  timber  rattle- 
snakes, which  were  from  five  to  eiirht  feet  lone:.  The  settlers  were 
lasting  enemies  of  these  reptiles,  and  finally  adopted  a  plan  which 
resulted  in  their  almost  total  extermination.  They  fastened  beard- 
ed hooks  to  long  poles  and  thrust  these  into  their  dens,  drawing 
the  snakes  out  and  killing  them,  until  no  more  snakes  could  be 
found.  This  was  done  in  the  sjjring  of  the  year,  before  the  snakes 
could  crawl. 

Wild  cats,  wild  hogs,  foxes,  wolves,  panthers  and  other  wild  ani- 
mals abounded  here  v.'hen  this  township  was  first  settled;  some  of 
which  species  remain  to  this  day. 

On  the  N.  W.  qr.  of  sec.  20  is  a  salt  spring,  which  at  one  time 
afforded  considerable  salt  water.  Mr.  Keyes  carried  water  from  this 
spring  to  his  home,  on  sec.  22,  a  distance  of  a  mile  and  a  half. 


838  HISTORY    OF    riKE   COUNTY. 

boiled  it  down,  and  made  salt  for  I'atnily  use  and  for  his  neip^hborts. 

A.s  tlie  blntt's  exti-nd  from  the  northwest  to  the  southeast  throiii^h 
the  townshij),  tJje  up  laml  is  divided  from  the  bottom  land,  form- 
in*^  a  trlanijular  section.  This  land  is  very  rough  and  bn»ken,and 
is  underlaid  with  a  heavy  bed  of  linjcstone,  and  is  consequentlv 
bettt-r  adapted  to  the  growing  of  small  grain  and  fruit  than  to  gen- 
eral farming.  There  is  some  excellent  farnung  land  along  the 
cour.>ie  of  Keyes  creek,  whicii  extends  along  the  eastern  portion  of 
tlie  township.  This  creek  Wiis  named  in  honor  of  Mr.  Keyes,  of 
whom  we  have  spoken  in  thr  first  j>art  (»f  this  sketch.  At  one  time 
this  cret'k  and  others  abounded  in  countless  numbers  of  tish,  and 
thus  aided  in  furnishing  the  settlers  with  the  necessaries  of  life. 
Although  the  pioneers  were  deprived  of  many  things  that  are  en. 
joyed  at  the  present  day,  yet  tliey  always  had  abundance  to  eat 
and  wear.  It  their  st»)re  clothes  or  homesj»un  gave  way,  they  would 
simply  construct  clothing  from  the  hides  of  animals. 

The  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  of  this  township  was  Major  Hinck- 
ley. James  'I'albert  wa.>-'  the  first  Supervisor.  l"'rancis  Jackson  is 
the  oldest  settler  now  residing  in  the  township.  lie  came  in  ls25, 
aii<l  is  the  onlv  man  now  liviiiir  who  went  fri»m  this  localitv  to  the 
lilack  Hawk  War. 

NKW  CANTON. 

This  enterprising  town  is  situated  on  sees.  9  an<i  !(>,  Pleasant 
Vale  township.  It  was  foun<ied  April  2,  18:55,  by  Charles  T.  Brews- 
ter, Hiram  Smith  and  Jesse  Tittsworth.  It  contains  four  stores, 
four  blacksmith  sliops,  two  wagon  shops,  two  c;irpenter  shops,  two 
boot  and  shoe  shops,  one  jiaint  sh<tp,  one  cooper  slioj),  one  excellent 
flouring  mill,  two  hotels,  one  livery  stal)le,  one  lodge  of  the  Inde- 
jK'ndent  Order  of  the  Mutual  Ai<l  Society,  which  was  estaldished 
in  Febrtiary,  1S80,  with  a  membership  of  25  ;  and  is  the  residence 
of  four  ]>hvsicians.  The  present  population  of  the  town  is  about 
350. 

There  was  a  church  erected  here  in  1866,  which  is  known  as  the 
Union  Church.  It  is  not  owned  by  any  one  denomination,  but  by 
the  community  in  general.  There  are  two  Church  organizations 
liere. — the  Metht>dists  and  the  Ba])tists.  The  former  is  a  remnant 
of  the  ttriginal  M.  E.  ('hurch  that  was  organized  in  ])ioneer  days. 
The  Baptists  merged  the  old  society  into  a  new  one  in  1879.  The 
music  furnished  by  the  young  people  during  the  hours  of  worshij) 
is  excellent.  Considerable  interest  is  manifested  here  in  this  higli 
art,  and  two  choirs  have  been  formed,  both  of  which  exhibit  supe- 
rior musical  talent. 

The  first  school  taught  where  the  village  now  stands  was  in  a 
dwelling  house,  by  Mr.  Hale  in  1832.  The  first  school-house  was 
a  log  structure  and  was  erected  in  ls3f».  The  present  building  is 
a  handsome  frame  structure,  and  was  erected  in  1866.  The  teacher 
at  present  is  Prof.  Warren  I).  Bigelow,  formerly  of  Ohio. 


HISTORY    OV    PIKK    COUNTY.  839 


PKKSONAL  SKKTCMES. 


Below  we  inuke  personal  mention  of  the  leading  citizens  of  the 
township. 

M.  M.  Aldrloh,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Hannibal,  Mo.;  was  horn 
in  New  York  in  IS-JS,  and  is  tlio  son  of  M.  ]\I.  and  Marv  (ITorring- 
ton)  Aldrich;  was  edncated  in  the  common  schools  of  Michigan,  in 
which  State  he  also  kept  store  from  1S50  to  1856  ;  was  a  sailor 
on  the  lakes  6  years  ;  he  came  to  Pike  county  in  1860,  settling  on 
sec.  6,  this  tj).,  where  he  now  owns  350  acres  of  laTul;  all  he  is  now 
worth  he  has  made  within  the  last  20  years;  he  has  a  splendid  farm 
in  the  Mississippi  bottom.  Mr.  A.  has  been  married  twice, — the 
first  time  to  Martha  Parnell,  and  they  had  3  daughters,  2  of  whom 
are  living.  Mrs.  A.  died  in  1860,  and  subsequently  Mr.  A.  married 
Catharine  Kendall,  and  of  their  7  children  5  are  living.  Politically, 
Mr.  A.  is  a  Democrat. 

John  E.  Alexander^  farmer,  sec.  23  ;  P.  O.,  Cincinjiati ;  was  born 
in  Indiana  in  1S49,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Mary  Ann  (Dyke) 
Alexander;  was  educated  in  Iowa  ;  in  1873  he  married  Mary  E. 
Knight,  and  they  have  had  2  children,  one  of  whom  is  deceased. 
Mr.  A.  owns  a  good  farm,  and  has  the  reputation  of  being  an 
lionest,  industrious  man.     In  politics  he  is  a  lte])ul)lican. 

Jonas  Edward  Arts,  teacher  and  minister  of  the  Gospel,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  is  a  son  of  Israel  B.  and  Elizabeth  (Eby) 
Artz,  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  and  of  German  descent;  was  edu- 
cated at  Hamilton  College,  Hamilton  countj''.  111.;  has  been  preach- 
ing 3  years  in  the  M.  E.  Church;  now  attends  two  or  three  appoint- 
ments every  Sunday,  besides  teaching,  in  which  latter  profession 
he  is  aho  successful.     P.  O.,  New  Canton. 

Henry  B.  Atkinson,  merchant.  New  Canton;  was  born  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  in  1842,  and  is  the  son  of  B.  II.  and  Harriet  (Morgan) 
Atkinson,  father  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  and  mother  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; educated  in  the  common  schools  of  I*ike  county;  in  1868 
he  married  Orpha  M.  Witt,  and  they  have  had  3  children,  2  of 
whom  are  living;  commenced  mercantile  business  in  company  with 
his  father  at  Pittsfield  in  1865,  and  came  to  New  Canton  in  1876, 
where  he  1ms  succeeded  well,  dealing  in  drugs,  medicines,  groceries, 
farming  implements,  etc.;  also  buys  and  shi])S  grain.  New  Canton 
is  considered  by  many  to  be  the  best  grain  market  in  Pike  county. 

Elias  Baldwin,  farmer,  sec.  16;  P.  C,  New  Canton;  was  born 
in  Connecticut  May  3,  1S16,  and  is  a  son  of  Wm.  and  Clara  (Ives) 
Baldwin,  natives  also  of  that  State;  both  his  grandfathers  drew 
pensions  as  Revolutionary  soldiers;  was  educated  in  Connecticut; 
came  to  this  county  in  1836.  In  1846  he  married  Permelia  Safers, 
and  they  have  had  one  child,  Margaret,  who  is  still  at  home.  As  a 
fanner,  Mr.  B.  has  been  successful. 

George  Balzei\  butcher.  New  Canton;  was  born  in  Bavaria  in 
1845,  the  son  of  George  and  Catharine  (Wizenberger)  Balzer,  na- 
tives of  the  same  country;  emigrated  to  Quincy,  III.,  in  1847.  and 


840  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

in  1SG4  to  Pike  county;  received  his  CMlueutioii  in  the  graded 
schools,  iind  luiy  *V  VcriePs  C'oniiuercial  ('itllci^e  one  term,  and 
Baker' el  three  terms.  In  18«»S  he  married  Orintha  Yearly,  and 
they  have  had  4  children,  all  of  whom  are  livin<;.  Mr.  Ji.  com- 
menoed  his  present  business  two  years  a<r<>,  and  so  tar  lias  pros- 
pered well  in  it.  lie  commenceil  clerking  at  theatre  of  10  years,  and 
Continued  until  he  was  Id,  when  he  passed  muster  in  the  *27th  111. 
Inf.,  ajid  served  in  the  war  3  years;  was  in  every  battle  in  which 
the  Re;;iment  wjis  enga«^ed,  and  was  discharpjed  in  18(54. 

Warrev  D.  Bigtloio^  principal  of  the  New  Canton  schools;  is  a 
native  of  I'ortu^je  county,  ().,  and  was  l»orn  Jan.  21^  1840;  his  pa- 
rents were  Johnson  and  Mary  (Lewis)  Digelow;  he  received  a  com- 
mon-school education  in  Ohio,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1805; 
he  is  a  self  made  teacher,  havin:^  i»btained  the  j^^reater  part  of  his 
educiition  while  teachin*^;  has  now  pursued  his  chosen  occupation 
15  years,  and  at  present  hius  charge  of  the  Xew  Canton  sciiools  the 
secoiui  year,  adoptini;  the  latest  nornnd  plans.  He  has  been  mar- 
rie<l  three  times  imd  is  tin*  father  of  0  chihlren,  of  whom  5  are  liv- 
inj^,  James  W..  Albert  I).,  Ell>ert  J.,  Mary  O.  and  Lela  Maud, 
the  last  W  by  his  present  wife.  His  first  two  wives  died  of  cpiick 
Consumption. 

Will  mm  UollHy  New  Canton;  was  lx)rn  in  Jefferson  county, 
Ind.,  and  is  the  sun  of  John  and  Celia  (Sharp)  l»olin,  the  latter  a 
.lative  of  X'ir^inia;  was  educateil  in  the  common  schooUof  Indiana 
and  Kentucky.  He  first  .married  America  Lawiiorne,  and  by  her 
had  11  chihiren,  4  of  whom  are  livin*:;  she  and  3  of  the  children 
died  in  one  we«'k.  .Mr.  Holin  afterward  marrie<l  Klizabeth  Vano- 
ver,  and  by  her  had  li  children,  one  of  whom  is  living;  this  Mrs. 
B.  dietl  in  1872,  and  for  iiis  third  wife  Mr.  B.  selected  .Miss  Nancy 
M.  Sharp,  and  of  their  3  children  2  are  living. 

Cfi<trUn  N.  BrammtU,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  New  Canton; 
was  born  in  this  county  in  1>47,  and  is  the  son  of  Thonuis  and 
Amelia  (Butler)  Brammell,  who  emigrated  to  this  c<»unty  in  1834; 
Charles  N.  now  has  charge  of  his  mother's  farm,  an<l  is  doing  well; 
he  was  brought  up  a  farmer,  and  wjis  e<lucated  in  the  commtju 
schools  t»f  tliis  county.      PoliticjiUy,  he  is  a  Democrat. 

Charlfs  T.  lii' irster^  deceased,  was  born  in  New  Yoi^k  in  1811; 
remained  with  his  father  until  1832,  when  he  Ixjught  a  piece  of 
land  on  sec.  27  in  this  tp.,  and  commence<i  farming;  in  1840  he 
went  overlaml  with  an  ox  team  to  California,  and  engaged  success- 
fully in  gold  mining  for  2  years;  returning  home,  he  enlarged  his 
farming  operations,  adding  the  business  of  stock-raising.  He  ac- 
cumulated considerable  property  and  was  a  very  popular  man  in 
his  neighborhood;  always  paid  his  hands  good  wages,  and  promptly; 
one  man  worked  for  him  30  years;  was  Su|»ervisor  many  3ears, 
and  held  otlier  local  offices.  In  1852  he  married  Miss  Melvina 
PerccU.  and  of  their  8  children  3  are  living,— Charles  E.,  Anna  M. 
and  Minnie  M.  Mr.  B.  died  Sept.  3,  ls75.  We  present  Mr. 
Brewster's  portrait  in  this  volume. 


///z^^^ 


>^^^-^^<r,<S^ 


NEW  CANTON 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKE    COUNTY.  843 

Ildiiixdii  Jiroici),  liiriucr;  1*.  O.,  New  Canton;  was  Ikhh  in 
Fiku  county,  ^lu.,  Feb.  G,  1S28,  and  is  a  son  of  tTusej))!  and  Nancy 
C.  (Bullen)  Brown,  natives  of  Kentucky,  and  botli  born  in  17*J8, 
near  Lexington — father,  Aug.  18,  and  mother,  Sej)t.  17;  fatlier  was 
of  Irish  descent,  and  mother  of  Scotch.  The  i-ubject  of  this  sketch 
was  the  tiiird  child  (2d  son)  of  a  family  of  7  children,  and  is  the 
only  one  living  at  present;  a  brother  and  two  sisters  died  in  1856. 
Harrison  was  educated  in  this  tp,,  having  been  brought  here  by  his 
father  in  1820;  has  been  a  farmer  all  his  life,  excei>t  4  years  in 
California  gold-mining,  ls52-().  Feb.  25,  1857,  he  married  Eliza 
C.  Shewe,  and  of  their  7  children  only  2  are  now  living:  Joseph, 
who  was  born  Oct.  25,  1861,  and  Mallie,  Nov.  3,  1868.  He  owns 
44(1  acres  of  land,  420  of  it  here  in  one  bod}'.  Mr.  Brown's  por- 
trait is  given  in  this  volume. 

William  S.  Coon,  carpenter,  was  born  in  the  town  of  Fabius, 
Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  16,  1810,  and  is  the  son  of  Joseph  and 
Lydia  Coon,  of  Dutch  ancestry  ;  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  of  New  York  State;  at  the  age  of  24  he  commenced  to 
learn  his  trade.  In  1853  he  married  Asha  A.  Ballan,  who  was 
born  in  the  town  of  Sandy  Creek,  Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1835,  and 
they  have  one  child,  Frank  E.,  who  was  born  in  1865.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Coon  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church.  lie  is  a  Re- 
publican.    P.  O.,  New  Canton. 

George  A.  Dutcher,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.O.,  New  Canton;  was 
born  Aug.  7,  1840,  in  the  State  of  New  York,  and  is  the  son  of 
Stephen  M.  and  Mary  (Hunt)  Dutcher,  natives  of  the  same  State, 
father  of  (lerman  ancestry,  and  mother  of  English,  (reorge  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  this  county,  whither 
he  emigrated  in  1844  or  1846.  In  1873  he  married  Sarah  A. 
Morey,  and  they  have  had  one  child,  Stephen  A.,  born  Dec.  25, 
1875.  Mr.  Dutcher  has  taught  school  7  or  8  terms  in  this  county, 
and  as  a  farmer  he  has  been  successful,  now  owning  160  acres  of 
land.     He  is  a  Republican,  and  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

P.  H.  Davis,  New  Canton,  was  born  in  Fountain  county,  Ind., 
in  1826,  and  is  the  son  of  Robert  and  Amanda  (Blair)  Davis,  the 
former  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  mother  of  Indiana,  and  of  Scotch 
descent ;  was  brought  to  this  county  in  1829,  settling  in  Kinder- 
hook,  where  he  received  his  education.  In  1851  he  married  Eliza 
Shipman,  and  of  their  5  children  but  two  are  living.  The  same 
year  he  moved  to  New  Canton,  where  he  engaged  in  mercantile 
"business  until  1862,  when  he  was  elected  Sheriti";  serving  two  years 
in  that  office  he  resumed  his  mercantile  business  until  1878,  when 
he  sold  out.  Mr.  Davis  has  also  pleaded  law  to  some  extent,  with 
success.  In  j)olitics  he  is  a  Democrat.  He  has  seen  tiiis  county 
in  its  primitive  wild  state,  with  deer,  wolves,  etc.,  in  abundance. 

William  A.  Davis,  New  Canton,  was  born  in  Marietta,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Ohio,  in  1820,  the  son  of  Stephen  and  Patience 
(Springer)  Davis,  natives  of  Maine.  Of  his  6  children  5  are  living, 
and  all  married  but  one;  4  reside  in   this  county,  and   one  in  Car- 

48 


844  HISTOUV    OF    PIKE   COUNTV. 

roll  county,  Mo.  M<)St  of  his  life  Mr.  Davis  has  followed  the  river; 
pilote<l  a  llat-hoat  for  '20  yeari>,  and  has  traveled  4,0U0  miles.  In 
his  younjjer  days  he  worked  ti  years  at  the  airponter's  trade,  and 
works  at  it  s^'iin'  yet.  He  owns  4^  acres  of  land,  liesides  a  house 
and  lot.      In  politics  he  is  a  Deniocrat. 

Jaiii'S  h'/nerson,  farmer,  sec.  S;  P.  ().,  New  Catiton;  was  horn 
Dec.  21,  1^86,  in  Ohio,  and  is  the  son  of  Ephraim  ami  Kli/.aheth 
rWallaer)  Kmerson,  father  a  native  «»f  Maryland,  and  mother  of 
Ohit>,  ami  of  (terman  dcM-ent;  wius  hroughl  to  this  ctmnty  in  Is.'iS 
by  his  parents  in  emigration,  and  here  received  his  education  in 
the  common  school.  March  10,  i.s59,  he  nn»rried  Lydia  Yearly, 
and  their  3  children  are  all  livint;.  lie  owns  «iO  acres  of  land,  and 
in  ]*olitict;  is  a  Kcpultlican. 

Ci'ci'ro  Ga/il,  farmer,  sec.  10;  P.  ().,  New  Canton  ;  was  horn  in 
Barry  tp.,  this  county,  in  183<>,  and  is  the  son  of  M.  and  CMarissa 
(liaker)  (ianl,  father  a  native  of  Virginia,  and  of  Kn^lish  and  Irish 
drsci'iit,  and  mother  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  of  Kn;;li>h  descent; 
educated  at  Knox  College,  Cialeshur^,  HI.  Oct.  2IJ,  1**»>0,  he  mar- 
ried Lydia  IlalstCH*!,  and  «»f  their  4  children  2  are  living;.  He 
owns  SO  acres  of  lan<l,  and  as  a  farmer  he  has  l>cen  successful.  In 
jMjlitics  he  is  a  IJepuhlicai:. 

htrenzo  (Jmii,  farmer,  brother  of  the  prece<lin;;,  was  born  in 
Washin^t«in  county,  O.,  April  15,  ISlS;  was  eduwited  mostly  ii» 
the  common  schools  of  this  county;  iii-  1841  he  taught  school  f] 
m«»nths.  In  1S43  he  married  Mar;:;iret  Yearly,  and  of  their  7  chil- 
li ren  T)  are  living,  one  single. 'and  all  livin;;  in  this  «v»unty,  Mr 
(lard  came  to  Pike  counlv  in  \s',\\  mid  seltle<l  near  New  Carjton, 
whoro  he  still  lives.  When  iiis  fatjier  came  hero  he  had  only  Of 
cents  in  money,  but  now  he  has  300  acres  of  lan«i.  Mr.  Gard  has 
seen  this  country  in  its  wild  state,  and  has  e.\p<'ri«'nced  the  ]>overty 
and  hardships  of  piitneer  times.     In  |>olitics  he  is  a  Republican. 

Seth  Oartl.  Prominent  amon^the  business  men  of  New  Canton, 
is  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  Mr.  Seth  Gard,  who  was  born  in  this 
cotinty  in  1*n32,  and  although  conjparatively  a  youn^  man  he  \h 
classed  amonu  the  earlv  inhabitants  <»f  Pike  count v;  i-  the  st»n  of 
Ilobert  and  Martha  ^^Putnami  (iard,  natives  of  Ohio.  In  1870  Mr. 
G.  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Kllen  Phillipr-,  who  is  a  mem- 
>>er  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Mr.  (iard  starte«l  in  lite  without  much 
of  this  World's  ijoods,  or.  as  the  savin;;  is,  "bare-handed;"  he  tirst 
worked  by  the  month  on  a  farm,  but  at  present  is  the  lV»stmii8ter 
at  New  Canton,  and  keeps  a  ;;roccry  store,  etc.  Asa  business  man 
he  is  prompt,  obligin*^,  and  enjoys  a  fair  sh:ire  of  the  trade  of  the 
place;  ho  is  a  Republican  in  politics,  and  has  been  Postmaster  at 
New  (Canton  since  1873. 

Eugene  Gray  is  u  native  of  this  county,  and  was  born  in  1S29; 
his  parents  were  Thomas  T.  and  Mary  F,  (Crandall)  Gray,  natives 
of  New  York,  who  came  to  Pike  coujity  the  year  of  his  birth.  Our 
subject  has  sj)ent  the  most  of  his  life  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  he 
first  be;jan  to  clerk  in  the  store  of  Mowrv  &  Maseie  at  New  Can- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    OODNTV.  845 

ton,  and  since  1872  has  been  a  full  ])artner  witli  Mr.  M.  D.  ^lassie, 
and  as  a  tirni  they  have  met  with  success.  In  1SC2  he  enlisted  in 
the  68th  111.  Inf.,  and  the  following  year  entered  the  28th  111.  Inf., 
and  was  mustered  out  in  1S60.  Durin*:;  the  last  year  of  the  service 
he  was  (Quartermaster  Sergeant,  and  j)ri(»r  to  that  he  was  most  of 
the  time  on  detached  duty  as  Clerk.  Politically  Mr.  G.  is  a  Re- 
publican, is  a  member  of  the  Town  Board  of  New  Canton,  and 
Treasurer  of  Pleasant  Vale  tji.  Mr.  (t.  was  married  in  1808  to 
Lydia  Ware,  who  is  a  member  of  the  I^aptist  (Jhureh. 

T.  A.  ILii/den,  faiiiier,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  JS'ew  Canton  ;  is  the  son  of 
J.  and  Elizabeth  (Barnard)  Ilayden,  and  was  born  in  Missouri  in 
1844;  his  father,  who  was  of  Irish  ancestry,  and  also  his  mother, 
who  was  of  English  descent,  were  born  in  that  State.  He  received 
his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  his  native  State,  and  for  a 
time  engaged  in  teaching.  He  came  to  Pike  county  in  1878,  and 
embarked  in  farming;  in  1869  he  was  married  to  Clara  E.  Freeman, 
who  has  borne  him  *J  children,  3  of  whom  are  living. 

E.'K.  riigbee,  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  O.,  New  Canton;  was  born  in 
Adams  county.  111.,  April  6,  1839;  his  parents,  Elias  and  Sarah 
(Ward)  Iligbee,  were  natives  of  Ohio;  he  received  his  education  in 
the  common  schools  and  the  Griggsville  high  school.  He  form- 
erly engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  at  Detroit  and  4  years  in 
Missouri,  and  in  1875  came  to  this  tj).,  where  he  is  farming  3  (quar- 
ters of  land.  In  1864  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mana  L. 
Peebles,  who  is  a  member  of  the  Church.  Politically  Mr.  H.  is  a 
Democrat. 

John  B.  Il'dl^  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  ().,  New  Canton.  The  parents 
of  our  subject,  Isaac  W.  and  Tal)itlia  Hill,  were  both  natives  of 
Franklin  county,  Va.,  and  of  Irish  ancestry.  John  B,  was  born  in 
Tennessee  in  1824,  received  his  early  education  in  tlie  common 
schools  of  Scott  county,  ill.,  whither  his  parents  had  moved,  and 
.was  married  to  liis  first  wife,  Emily  A.  Smithson,  in  1843;  she  died 
in  1844,  and  the  following  year  he  was  married  to  Millie  E.  Taylor, 
and  they  have  12  children,  10  of  whom  are  living,  7  boj's  and  3 
girls.    Mr.  II.  came  to  Pike  county  in  1866  and  engaged  in  farming. 

L.  G.  Ilosford,  deceased,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York, 
Jan.  15,  1811,  and  obtained  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
that  State.  His  early  occupation  was  that  of  carpenter  and  mill- 
wright. He  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1842,  and  he  has  built 
several  mills  in  this  county;  he  followed  mining  in  California  3 
years,  between  1850  and  1854.  Dec.  19,  1844,  he  married  A[ary 
Smith,  and  of  their  6  children  3  are  living;  one  daughter  is  mar- 
ried to  Andrew  Cruse.  Mr.  H.  died  Xov.  18,  1S74,  the  owner  of 
a  steam  saw-mill,  house  and  lot, and  700  acres  of  land;  at  one  time 
during  life  he  owned  1,200  acres.  Politically  he  was  a  Democrat. 
Mrs.  Hosford,  who  is  a  member  of  the  Dunkard  Church,  is  keeping 
a  first-class  boarding-house  in  New  Canton,  in  company  with  her 
dauirhter. 


846  IIISToKY    OK    riKK    COINTV. 

OeorgeW.  Ilonney  raiincr,  sec.  2:i,  5  S.,  ♦'»  W.:  1*.  ().,  New  Caii- 
tt»ii  ;  was  born  in  Ohio  in  182-S,  the  so!\  of  Willanl  and  Dchorali 
(Emerson)  House,  natives  of  Man  lantl,  father  of  (lennan  and  Irish 
descent  and  mother  of  (Jerman  and  Scotch;  was  educated  in  the 
common  s(dn)ols  (tf  Oliio.  In  IS'iIilie  marrii-tl  Frances  Jaiu'  Carter, 
and  they  have  ha<l  «;  childreju  5  of  \vh<»m  are  liviuj;.  Mrs.  House  <lied 
Sept.  15,  1875,  He  canie  tt>  Pike  county  in  ls44,  and  now  owns 
178  acres  of  land.  He  worked  hy  tlie  month  until  he  «^ot  a  start. 
Has  Worked  some  at  earitenterinLT.  S|u'nt  one  yi'ar  in  Arkansas 
and  Mississippi.      In  ptdities  Mr.  II.  is  a  Kepuhlican. 

James  S.  Jlyli,  farmer,  New  ('anton.was  horn  in  tins  county  in 
1844,  and  is  the  son  of  .1.  I',  and  Klixa  (Seeley)  Hyde;  educated 
in  the  Pittbtiehl  hi^li  school;  hy  orcujiation  is  a  farmer;  in  1878 
he  nnirried  Kachel  Smith,  and  tliey  luive  one  chihl,  Mary  K.  He 
owns  320  acres  of  hind,  nnd  ft>r  the  hist  IM  months  he  has  ke|)t  a 
livery  stable  in  New  Canton.  He  has  just  buu<;ht  the  ri^ht  for 
the  State,  to  sell  the  patent  Uand  cutter,  to  cut  hands  (»f  the  sheaves 
of  ;;niin  tt»r  threshing-machines.  He  is  now  intnxlucinj;  it,  find  it 
gives  entire  satisfaction,  it  bein^  superior  t(»  the  ohl  method  of  cut- 
ting with  knives,  which  was  always  a  dangerous  process.  Where 
this  cutter  is  u.seil  the  feeder  can  safely  reach  for  the  bufidles  with- 
out havinif  to  look  up  everv  time  to  dod^i*  a  knife. 

F.  J.  J'lrkson.  farmer;  1*.  ().,  New  Canton;  was  born  in  Ken- 
lucky  in  1815,  and  is  the  son  of  Vincent  and  Jane  (Shearer)  Jack- 
eon,  father  from  Marylatul  and  of  Kni^lish  descent,  and  mother 
from  IVnnsvlvania  and  t»f  Irish  descent.  His  father  havin<r  died 
when  he  was  but  •!  years  idd,  he  was  brought  up  by  a  kind  stejt- 
father,  .Mr.  Henry  Parker;  his educatitm  was  obtained  by  attending 
school  ',\  months  a  year  in  the  old-fashioned  lo^  school-house.  In 
ls:V.»  he  married  I/>uisa  Ferry,  and  of  their  7  chihlren  2  are  living, 
both  married  and  living  in  tins  county.  He  was  brought  to  this 
county  in  1S25,  the  family  settling  on  sec.  21.  this  tp.  He  was  in 
the  lilack  Hawk  war  uiuler  Capt.  Petty.  As  a  farmer  he  has  been 
successful.  He  is  a  Republican  and  a  grarjijer,  and  has  l>een  Com- 
missioner of  Highways,  Road  ( >verseer  aiul  School  Director. 

Ji ben  Jordan,  fariiH-r,  sec.  27;  P.  ().,  Cincinnati;  was  born  in 
Maine  in  1833,  and  is  the  son  of  Richard  and  Sarah  (Dotty)  Jordan, 
natives  also  of  Maine;  was  ethicated  in  the  ])\iblic  schools  of  his 
native  State.  In  1*^4>  he  married  Mary  Wheeler,  and  of  the  9 
children  born  to  them  ^  are  living,  ♦'•  boys  and  2  girls.  He  came 
to  Pike  county  in  1877,  from  Portland.  Me.  Mr.  Jordan,  althoujrh 
of  a  literary  turn  of  mind,  is  a  hard-working,  energetic  laborer  on 
his  farm,  where  he  is  doing  well.      In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

John  Judd,  railroad  section  overseer.  New  Canton,  was  born  in 
Germany  in  1834,  the  son  of  Frank  Judd;  came  to  America  in 
1845  and  to  this  county  in  1851;  lived  at  Cincinnati  Landing  3 
vears,  then  carae  to  New  Canton,  where  in   1861  he  married  Jane 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY.  847 

Saxbury,  and  they  have  had  3  children.  Mrs.  J.  is  a  (hia^'hter  of 
early  pioneers  of  this  county,  her  ])arents  beinfij  the  first  couple 
married  after  the  county-seat  was  moved  to  IMttsfield.  Her  mother 
carried  the  banner  at  the  old  settlers'  meetiiiiijin  187!>,  but  died  the 
same  year.  Mr.  Judd's  early  life  was  spent  in  a  tobacco  factory. 
Since  1873  he  has  been  in  the  employ  of  the  C,  13.  &  Q.  \i.  K. 
Has  never  l\ad  any  accident  iiappen  on  his  part  of  the  road.  Mrs. 
J.  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

Chivies  A.  Kendall,  formerly  school-teacher,  now  farmer,  sec. 
13;  P.  O.,  Xew  Canton;  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1833,  and  is  the  son 
of  Richard  and  Ann  (Brown)  Kendall,  natives  of  New  Jersey;  ob- 
tained liis  education  most!}'  by  liis  own  exertions  outside  the 
school-room;  has  i>:one  to  scliool  but  2  months  since  he  was  10 
years  of  age,  but  his  scholarship  entitles  him  to  a  first-grade  cer- 
tificate to  teach;  has  taught  school  20  years.  In  1860  he  married 
Eveline  Fesler,  and  of  their  8  children  6  are  living.  In  1852  he 
came  from  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  to  this  county,  on  the  steamer  "  CTolden 
Era,"  and  first  settled  at  Eldara.  He  owns  140  acres  of  land,  and 
has  been  farming  since  1862. 

H.  H.  Kieller,  jr.,  station  agent,New  Canton,  was  born  in  Perry 
this  county,  Feb.  10,  1855,  and  is  the  son  of  II.  H.  K(i?ller,  sr.,  the 
patentee  of  '•  Koeller's  Corn-Planter."  The  latter  mentioned  and 
his  wife  emigrated  from  Germany  to  this  country  in  ls4,s,  stopping 
at  first  with  his  brother-in-law,  Mr,  Thiele,  at  Perry.  Observing  the 
method  then  in  vogue  of  planting  corn  with  hoes,  he  set  to  work  in- 
venting a  machine  to  do  the  work  better;  he  succeeded,  and  com- 
menced the  manufacture  of  the  planters  at  Perry  on  a  small  scale  which 
was  greatly  enlarged,  an  extensive  establishment  being  put  up  and 
run  at  Camp  Point,  where  Mr.  Ka3ller  was  general  superintendent; 
but  the  com]iany  there  becoming  insolvent,  Mr.  K.  went  into  other 
business  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  Leadville,  Col.,  which  was  more 
remunerative.  Mr.  Koeller,  jr.,  spent  the  greater  part  of  his  boy- 
hood with  his  uncle,  Mr.  Thiele,  his  mother  having  died  when  he 
was  an  infant;  he  afterward  joined  his  father  at  Camp  Point, 
where  he  received  his  education  in  the  Maplewood  High  Scliool, 
and  later  at  the  Gem  City  Business  College,  Quincy,  III.  Keturn- 
ing  to  Camp  Point  he  entered  the  service  of  the  company  as  trav- 
eling salesman;  in  2  years  he  was  aj^pointed  assistant  secretary, 
which  ])osition  he  filled  until  the  company  became  insolvent  ;  he 
then  entered  the  grain  and  agricultural  imj»lement  trade  at  Car- 
thage, 111.,  in  which  business,  however,  he  did  not  do  well  ;  lie 
then  came  to  New  Canton  and  took  his  present  place.  July  15, 
1877,  he  married  Mary  Ziegler,  of  Cam]»  Point,  and  they  have  a 
son,  Walter  II. 

Dr.  John  S-  Lochioood  was  born  in  Kent  county,  Del.,  Jan.  10, 
1840,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Ann  (Slay)  Lockwood,  of  Eng- 
lish descent.  Until  17  vears  of  aire  the  subiect  of  this  sketch 
spent  his  time  on  the  farm,  in  store  and  at  school;  graduated  in 
the  scientific  and    classical    courses   at    Fairfield   Seminarv,    New 


848  HI8T<1RY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY. 

^'ork;  thou  visited  Afissonri,  tancflit  school  2  months  in  Adams 
county.  111.;  returned  to  New  ^  nrk  and  sjuMit  si  winter  studying 
at  Schenectady;  on  account  of  declininj;  health  he  ahandoned  the 
collc<^iate  course  and  returned  to  Delaware,  where  he  entered  mer- 
cantile business,  which  ho  fnllnwed  2  years;  ctinunencod  as  sales- 
man in  a  wholesale  establishment  in  Philadelphia,  but  not  likini^ 
the  business  he  iMjf^an  the  study  of  medicine  with  Dr.  Paine,  in 
the  Eclectic  Medical  (.'olle^e  it)  that  city;  traveled  East  and  West 
in  search  of  a  medical  culloijo  in  which  to  complete  his  studios, 
Bettlin<;  on  the  Keokuk  Col h'^e;  havini;  spent  nearly  all  his  means 
travelintj,  i»e  confined  his  eating  to  dry  bread  and  beans  duriniij 
the  first  term  of  study;  in  the  summer  of  IsOo  he  «jradiuited  with 
honor,  but  n(»t  having  the  moans  to  comnionco  practice,  ho  went 
into  Atlams  county.  III.,  and  worked  on  a  farm  until  fall,  and  dur- 
ing the  winter  taught  the  Cliola  scluKd;  then  entered  partnership 
with  Dr.  John  Torrence  at  Quincy  in  the  practice  of  his  profession; 
in  the  fall  of  Ibt'iCi  he  came  to  New  (Canton,  whore  ho  has  since 
rosideil.  In  ISTU  ho  wont  to  St.  Louis,  Now  York  and  Philadel- 
phia to  attend  medicjil  loctun-s,  and  in  the  sprinj;  of  1^T4  <xrad- 
uate<l  at  the  Jefferson  Medical  ('ollefje,  Philailolphia,  and  the  Mis- 
souri Mo<lic4il  ( 'ollo;;e  at  St.  Louis.  Iji  December  of  that  voar  he 
marrit'd  Miss  Ella,  dau<:hter  i>f  Ebofi  ('laus«m,  a  T)i<»noer  in  this 
section,  and  wh(»  has  been  Supervisor  two  terms,  and  has  hohi  other 
important  town  ofHcos.  The  I)octt>r  has  l>een  very  successful  as  a 
physician,  and  moderately  so  financially.  He  owns  several  houses 
an<l  h»ts  in  Is'ow  Canton,  is  entirely  free  from  debt,  and  has  money 
at  interest.  In  ptditics  he  is  a  Doniocrat,  and  in  relifjion  a  free- 
thinker, as  almost  all  doctors  are.  but  is  liberal  toward  all  sects  and 
parties.  What  he  has  accumulated  in  property  has  all  been  by 
ins  own  nnai<led  exertions. 

Ciipt.  J/.  J).  2IiiA/tle,  of  New  Canton,  was  born  in  Pittsfiold, 
this  county.  Jan.  21,  183s,  and  is  the  son  of  John  (t.  and  Mary 
(Shaw)  Massie,  the  former  a  native  of  Kentucky,  the  latter  of  Now 
York;  parents  wore  married  in  Dorry  tj»..  in  ls37.  ^Ir.  ^L's  boy- 
hood was  passed  in  Pike  county.  Mo.,  and  Pike  county.  III.; 
received  a  common-school  education,  and  was  ontja^ed  as  clerk  and 
book- keeper  until  1S(J2,  when  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Pike 
county  regiment,  99th  III.  Inf ,  and  served  3  years;  was  promoted 
Captain,  and  also  acted  as  Adjutant;  was  in  all  the  battles  of  the 
Koiriment  save  one.  After  the  war  he  enj'ai'od  in  mercantile  bus- 
iness  at  New  Canton,  dealinor  jn  a  (general  assortment  of  goods, 
and  also  runniiiij  a  mill;  has  been  in  the  business  now  for  15  years, 
with  success.  In  18t)»)  ho  married  Mary  E.  Morey,  and  they  have 
had  3  children — all  now  living.  In  1^72  ho  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  '2>th  General  Assembly,  and  at  the  close  of  his  term  was 
offered  a  re-election,  but  refused  on  account  of  declining  health. 
We  give  Mr.  Massie's  ])ortrait  in  this  volume. 

Joseph  McFarland,  deceased,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1840; 
lived  in  this  county  about  20  years,  when   he  died,  aged  39  years 


HISTORY    UF    riKE   COUNTY.  849 

and  7  months.  In  i^7:2  he  niiirried  M;uv  Kully,  daughter  of  Na- 
than Kell3-,an(l  tliey  luid  2  dan»;htero,and  1  sou.  Mr.  Mc.  F.  held 
responsible  public  positions,  followed  clerking  awhile,  and  farniins^ 
for  a  portion  of  his  life.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  owned  347^ 
acres  of  land,  besides  property  in  town.  He  was  successful  in 
whatever  he  undertook.  Mrs.  Mc.  F.  resides  on  sec.  27;  P.  O., 
New  Canton. 

W'dliain.  II.  Odlorne^  merchant,  Cincinnati,  was  born  in  Pike 
county.  111.,  in  lS4r>,  and  is  the  son  of  Eben  and  Ann  iWin<^ert) 
Odiorne,  father  a  native  of  Massachusetts  and  mother  <.'f  Ohio  ; 
received  his  education  at  Rockport,  111.,  and  at  Jones  Commercial 
College  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  at  which  latter  place  he  graduated  in 
1804.  In  187(5  he  nuirried  Addie  C.  Hendricks,  and  their  only 
child,  Elmer,  died  when  one  year  old.  Mr.  (J.  has  been  in  mer- 
cantile business  the  most  of  his  life,  and  been  successful.  He 
Came  to  Cincinnati  in  1876,  wliere  he  is  Postmaster  and  ticket 
agent,  and  has  been  School  Treasurer  several  terms.  In  politics  he 
is  a  Ilej)ublican. 

Samuel  Pfr'nnme)\  New  Canton,  was  born  in  Harrison  county, 
Ind.,  Jan.  10,  1S37,  and  is  the  son  of  John  George  and  Sarah 
(Friedly)  Pfrimmer,  father  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  of  Ger- 
man and  French  descent,  and  mother  a  native  of  Indiana  and  of 
English  descent.  Has  attended  school  but  three  months  in  his 
life.  March  15,  1808,  he  married  Kate  Mosier,  and  they  have  had 
2  sons,  George,  born  Jan.  15,  1869,  and  Charles,  born  ^larch  9, 
1870.  Mr.  P.  came  to  this  county  in  1844,  settling  on  sec.  23,  5  s., 
7  w.,  this  tp.  Has  been  a  farmer  most  of  his  life,  and  has  followed 
flat-boating  some.  He  now  owns  158  acres  of  land.  He  is  a 
Democrat,  and  has  been  School  Director  3  years;  has  had  charge 
of  the  light-house  one  mile  above  the  lauding  at  Cincinnati,  this  i 
tp.  In  1801  lie  enlisTed  in  Compan}-  I,  28th  111.  Inf.,  under  Capt. 
Hurt,  and  was  discharged  in  1804;  was  in  all  the  battles  of  the 
Regiment. 

Alextinder  K.  Ross,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  New  Canton;  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1838,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Eliza- 
beth (McDaniel)  Ross,  natives  of  Pennsylvania  and  of  Scotch  an- 
cestry; obtained  his  education  in  the  ])ublic  schools  of  his  native 
State;  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1800;  in  1802  he  eidisted  in 
Co.  E,  78th  111.  Inf.,  and  was  discharged  in  July,  ls05,  having 
been  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Regiment  but  one;  was  3d  Sergeant. 
In  1878  he  married  Malvina  IJrewster.  He  owns  100  acres  o 
land.      In  politics  is  a  Re])ul>lican. 

Nathaniel  Shearer^  farmer,  sec.  lO;  P.  O.,  New  Canton;  was 
born  in  this  county  Dec.  2«»,  1839,  and  is  the  son  of  Andrew  and 
Harriet  (Parker)  Shearer,  the  former  of  Irish  descent  and  born  in 
1800,  and  the  latter  of  (Terman  descent  and  born  in  1800;  they 
came  to  this  county  in  1822,  settling  on  the  present  homestead. 
Mr.  S.  died  May  13.  1S53,  and  Mrs  S.  resides  with  her  st»n.  Na- 
thaniel was  educated  in  the  asylum  for  the  deaf  and  dumb  at  Jack- 


850  1I1-1'M;V    «iK    I'lKK    <  OUNTV. 

sonvillc,  III.  lie  U  a  fanner,  now  owning  five  shares  in  80  acres 
ot"  land,  which  property  he  lias  earned  \>y  his  own  exertions.  Scjit. 
23,  1S«)S.  he  wa»;  married  at  Uriirhton,  111.,  to  Miss  Kt'lurca  I'orrv, 
by  whom  he  ha.s  iiail  3  children,  Lnther,  Kllen  and  Kddie  li.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  S.  arc  deaf  and  dnjnh.  Her  father  is  a  carpenter  at 
Brighton,  and  slie  has  one  brother  and  two  sisters  wiio  are  also 
deal  and  dninh.  <  >ne  sister  married  .lames  W,  Walker  and  resides 
in  Dakota,  Stephenson  county.  111.,  and  one  si>ter  is  matron  »»f  the 
Stiite  Asyhiin  for  the  Deaf  an<l  Dumb  at  Jacksonville.  Her  brother 
is  a  t«dmcco  dealer  at  Brighton. 

Alimz/)  S/t^-Wt^  New  ('anton,  was  born  in  Wa>hiiii;ton  connty, 
O.,  in  1^4S,  and  is  the  son  of  Solomon  ami  Kllen  (Willis)  Shewe; 
liis  father  was  b«»rn  in  Pennsylvania  and  of  (Jerman  desc-t-nt,  and 
his  mother  was  lM>rn  in  Vir;^iniaami  of  Irish  descent;  he  was  edu- 
cated in  the  ptiblic  schools  in  this  connty.  In  isiiO  he  married 
Mi^s  K.  (fillan.and  they  have  3  ehihlren.  Mr.  S.  has  rnn  a  tliresh- 
int: machine  ever  since  lie  was  II*  years  of  a:;e;  at  present  he  nses 
a  steam  thresher  and  a  steam  wooil  saw;  can  siiw  10  to  12  cords 
of  wood  in  10  hours.  He  also  ran  the  first  patent  band-cutter 
ever  iiHeil  in  this  State.      In  politics  lie  is  a  Democrat. 

»S.  y*.  S/i^ire^  sec.  17;  1*.  O.,  New  Canton;  was  born  in  Ohio  in 
l(<2o  and  is  the  son  of  Martin  and  I/<'«»ini  (Dunbar)  Shewe,  the 
former  a  mitivo  of  Ohio  and  of  (ferman  descent,  and  the  latter  of 
\  ir^^inia  ;  was  e«lucatod  in  the  public  schools  «if  his  nativ<'  State. 
Hi.-  tir.-t  marriage  was  to  ('aroline  .\tkin-"»n.  by  whom  he  had  4 
children,  only  1  now  livinjj;  his  second  njarria;^e  was  to  Sarah 
Bau^hman.  Mr.  Shewe  came  to  I*ike  county  in  1844,  ancj  has 
lired  in  tiie  county  ever  since.  When  lie  first  came  here  he  hail 
but  75  cents,  but  is  now  worth  at  least  $2.<>(»0  ;  has  made  all  he 
«.»wns  by  hoiioHt  lal>or;   jMditioilly  he  is  a  Democrat, 

J,t/in  W.  Smit/i,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Hannibal,  Mo.;  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  in  1844,  being  the  son  of  Henry  and  Mary  ((/lair) 
Smith,  natives  of  Penn^ylvania  and  of  German  descent  ;  wa.s  edu- 
cate«l  iti  the  public  schools  of  Adams  county.  III.  In  \*^M  he 
married  Hatlie  Breslar,  and  tliey  have  had  4  children.  He  came 
to  Pike  county  in  1^08,  and  now  is  on  a  farm  of  120  acres.  He  is 
a  Democrat. 

./.  ir.  Stepheusou,  Cincinnati,  was  born  in  Kentucky  May  20, 
181G.  the  son  of  James  and  Mar;,Mret  (Clititon)  Steplienson,  natives 
of  the  sunny  South  and  of  Irish  descent ;  was  brought  to  this  State 
by  his  parents  in  181U;  June  C,  1*^41,  he  married  Mary  Kliza 
Allen,  and  •'.  <tf  their  !♦  children  are  living.  In  ls»H  Mr.  S.  en- 
listetl  in  Co.  E,  27tli  111.  Inf.,  and  was  wagon  master  of  the  Ilegi- 
ment.  Mr.  S.  seems  to  like  frontier  life,  as  he  ha-s  followed  close 
after  the  Indians  in  three  States;  but  he  is  a  «juiet,  unassuming 
man.  In  j)olitics  he  is  a  Republican,  and  in  religion  he  is  a  Pres- 
byterian. His  wife,  who  was  also  a  Pre>bvtcrian.  died  ^larch  6, 
1«80. 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  851 

Amos Sioui,  fiivmev,  i^ec.  7;  I'.  ().,  IIiimiil)al,  Mo.;  was  born  in 
Butler  county,  O.,  in  1S34,  and  is  the  son  of  Ijel  and  Julia  (Briant) 
Stout,  natives  of  Ohio,  and  of  German  descent;  received  his  educa- 
tion in  tlie  ])ul)lic  schools  of  Ohio;  came  to  Pike  county  in  1*51  ; 
was  married  in  1856  to  Miss  Kate  llall,  and  they  have  4  children 
living.  "Mr.  Stitut  is  a  farmer,  occupying  500  acres  of  land,  and 
has  great  promise  of  success;  he  had  nothing  to  start  with.  Politi- 
cally he  is  a  Republican. 

Nicholas  Stum}),  farmer;  P.  O..  Cincinnati;  was  born  in  Ohio, 
in  1839,  the  son  of  George  and  Mary  (Risher)  Stumj),  natives  of 
Pennsylvania  and  of  German  descent;  received  liis  education  in 
the  public  schools  of  Iowa,  principally  in  Independence.  In  1860 
he  married  Ann  J.  Smith,  and  tiiey  have  had  4  children.  In 
Iowa  Mr.  S.  was  in  the  mercantile  business  3  years.  He  came  to 
Pike  county  in  1875,  since  which  time  he  has  been  farming  and 
keeping  the  warehouse  at  Cincinnati  Landing;  has  been  successful 
in  his  business.  Has  l)een  School  Director,  and  politicall}'  he  is  a 
Democrat.     Mr.  S.  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

Isaac  Tamsett,  shoemaker  and  cutter,  iS'ew  Canton,  was  born  in 
England  in  1815,  and  is  the  son  of  Isaac  and  Elizabeth  (Goodman) 
Tamsett;  f?ther  was  commander  of  revenue  in  England.  The  subject 
of  this  notice  obtained  his  education  in  the  mother  land.  In  1836 
he  married  Sarah  Smith,  and  they  have  had  two  sons,  both  mar- 
ried, one  living  in  this  county  and  the  other  in  Missouri.  Mr.  T. 
came  to  America  in  1846,  landing  at  New  Orleans,  in  1849  to  Pitts- 
field,  and  in  186 1  to  New  Canton,  lie  has  traveled  a  great  deal, 
and  has  worked  at  his  trade  in  England,  France,  Belgium  anil  this 
country,  besides  visiting  Ireland,  Wales  and  the  West  Indies;  once 
suffered  shipwreck.  ]\lr.  T.  is  an  interestingconverser,  havingseena 
great  deal  of  this  world.  Politically  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  his 
wife  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church. 

George  Tlplei\  farmer;  P.  O.,  Barry;  was  born  in  England,  at 
Eckington,  Lincolnshire;  he  is  a  son  of  George  and  Sarah  Ann 
(Baten)  Tipler;  although  he  never  attended  school  he  can  read  and 
write,  and  he  has  a  very  retentive  memory;  in  the  old  country  he 
was  a  shepherd  boy,  but  since  he  has  been  in  this  country  he  has 
followed  farming,  and  is  a  horse  and  cattle  doctor.  He  came  to 
America  in  1853,  settling  the  same  year  at  New  Canton.  At  first 
he  worked  by  the  month  at  $18  per  month,  and  his  wife  taught 
school.  Iler  maiden  name  was  Ann  Buniiin<r,  and  they  were  mar- 
ried in  1846,  June  11.  Mr.  T.  now  owns  207  acres  of  good  land. 
In  religion  he  is  a  LatterDay  Saint,  and  in  politics  he  votes  for 
the  best  man. 

Franklin  Tittsworth,  farmer,  sec.  15;  was  born  Jan.  12,  1826, 
in  Tennessee;  was  brought  to  this  county  in  the  spring  of  1831; 
went  to  California  in  1840  and  returned  in  ls52;  June  9,  1853,  he 
married  ^liss  Adeline  Browning.  Children:  Thomas,  (Jharles,  Al- 
bert, Mrram,  Elmer,  Franklin,  Frederic,  and  two  deceased,  Jessie 
and  an  infant.     Mr.  T.  owns  480  acres  of  land,  worth  $40  j)er  acre. 


852 


HISTORY    OK    IMKE    COUNTY. 


and  he  resides  two  miles  west  c»t'  KMara,  which  is  his  P.  O.  address. 
Political!}'  he  is  a  Democrat. 

Bnuiford  U pp'nujhonsey  juiller.  New  Canton;  was  horn  in 
Jackson  enmity.  Intl.,  in  1S2<>,  and  is  the  soti  of  , lames  and  Me- 
linda  (lleinl^l  I' j>|iin;;hoMse,  natives  of  I'ennsylvania,  lather  ot"  Ger- 
man and  mot^her  of  Scottish  descent;  obtained  Ins  edncation  in  the 
common  schools  of  his  native  State.  In  1S47  he  married  Christi- 
na (Mark,  and  their  G  children  are  all  liviii;;.  lie  arrival  in  Pike 
county  June  S,  lS»'.o,  and  luis  heen  \\\  New  Canton  mo>t  of  the 
time  since.     Politically  he  is  a  Ilejinhlican. 

Jdnicfi  Wdlhict',  farmer,  sec.  28;  P.  ().,  New  Canton;  was  born 
in  Ohio  in  181(j,  and  is  the  son  of  John  ami  Cathariiu-  (Straira); 
father  a  native  of  Virjjinia  and  Se4)ttish  descent,  mother  horn  in 
Pennsylvania  and  «»f  (ieiman  ancestry.  Nathaniel  Wallace,  a 
jjrandfather  of  .lames,  was  a  Scotchman  and  a  aiptain  under  Lord 
Cornwallis.  .lames  received  his  education  in  the  common  sch(»ols 
of  Ohio;  he  tnnrried  Sarah  .\nn  Placklidj;e  in  1S3«»;  of  their  12 
children  .'>  are  livin;,','all  married,  and  residing  in  this  county.  Mr, 
Wallace's  early  occupation  was  that  uf  a  stone-ma«on.  hut  has  heen 
farmiii':  the  most  of  his  life,  in  which  business  he  has  well  sue- 
ceeded,  and  now  owns  24<>  acres  of  land;  he  first  settled  on  sec.  24 
in  this  tj».,  but  is  now  on  sec.  2S.  lie  has  taken  10  de^^rees  in 
Mas(»nry.  P(»litically  he  is  a  Democrat,  Jle  has  Injen  Supervisor 
9  years.  Road  Commissioner  6  years.  School  Trustee  4 years,  and  is 
now  Schoil  Director.     Mrs.  W.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  K.  Church. 

Janifs  Whfflan,  blacksmith,  sec.  1;  P.O..  New  Canton;  was 
l)orn  in  Irelmid  in  183»»,  and  is  the  son  of  Richard  and  Mary 
^^Scully)  Wheehin;  cnnie  to  America  in  1848;  received  his  educa- 
tion in  the  public  schools  of  St.  I><»uis,  Mo.;  came  to  Pike  county 
in  lSo5,  settling  in  New  Canton;  in  18.'>6  he  married  Isabella 
Brown,  and  they  had  7  children;  she  died  in  1873;  in  ls77  Mr. 
W.  married  Klizal>eth  Brown,  a  cousin  of  his  first  wife.  He  also 
carries  on  farnn'np.  owning  IGO  acres  of  land;  hislnuiseon  the  farm 
ct»st  $2,<HK).  He  has  l>een  successful  in  both  businesses.  In  ])oli- 
tics  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  keeps  well  posted. 


KINDERHOOK  TOWNSHIP. 

Tliis  township  lies  direct!}^  west  of  Barry  and  north  <>t"  Pleasant 
Vale,  and  consists  largely  of  Mississippi  bottom  land,  which  is  the 
most  fertile  land  in  Illinois.  Our  description  of  the  land  as  given 
in  the  sketch  of  Pleasant  Vale  township  will  apply  as  well  to  Kin- 
derhook.  The  tirst  settlers  of  this  township  were  David  Cole,  Bird 
Brewer,  Mr.  Lyle,  Amasa  Shinn,  Mr.  McCraney,  James  Hnll, 
Charles  Smith,  Charles  and  James  Stratton,  C.  Devoll,  Thomas 
Orr  and  others.  Mr.  McCraney  made  improvements  in  the  center 
of  the  township  on  the  creek  which  has  since  borne  his  name. 

Great  credit  is  due  these  pioneers  for  their  untiring  elforts  in 
settling  and  improving  this  countr3^  Indians  were  numerous 
here  then,  and  the  wild  animals  roamed  at  will  over  this  then  wild 
country.  The  settlers  had  to  go  to  Bear  creek,  above  Quiiic}',  to 
have  tiieir  milling  done.  There  was  a  corn-mill  run  by  oxen  on 
Hadley  creek  two  miles  above  Kinderhook,  owned  by  "W.  M.  Blair, 
which  proved  a  great  convenience.  These  early  pilgrims  tirst  lived 
in  log  cal)ins,  with  stick  chimneys,  ])unclieon  floors,  clapboard 
doors  fastened  together  by  wooden  pins,  and  with  only  a  single 
four-light  window.  ]Mr.  Thomas  Hull  first  lived  in  a  house  with 
no  window  at  all.  The  family  would  build  a  large  fire  and  leave 
the  door  open.  On  one  occasion  the  Indians  came  to  the  house  of 
Mr.  Hull,  when  Mrs.  Hull  was  alone,  begging  forsomething  to  eat. 
Mrs.  H.,  however,  could  not  understand  them  and  would  not  let 
them  into  the  house.  They  pointed  to  some  pumpkins,  signifying 
their  desire  to  have  some  of  them.  Of  these  she  willingly  gave 
them  as  many  as  they  could  carry. 

Mr.  Orr  tells  us  that  he  has  killed  manv  a  deer  and  wolf  in  his 
neighborhood.  He  saw  at  one  time  as  many  as  seven  deer  in  one 
herd.  The  wolves  were  very  troublesome  and  would  frequently 
run  the  sheep  to  the  house  during  the  day-time ;  and  at  night,  Mr. 
Orr  states,  they  had  to  corral  the  sheep  at  one  end  of  the  house. 

In  the  pioneer  daj's  boys  very  frequently  met  with  encounters 
before  which  the  modern  boy  would  quail.  In  a  very  e-arly  day 
Wm.  J.  Talbert.  of  this  township,  and  his  brother  Basil  were  sent 
some  distance  from  home  on  an  errand.  As  usual,  they  took  their 
dog  and  gun  (for  these  were  necessary  companions  in  those  days), 
and  started  on  their  jDurney  through  the  wild  country.  When  near 
the  Snv,  in  the  Mississijmi  valley,  they  encountered  a  huge  buck, 
with  immense  antlers;  and  although  a  boy,  William  could  not  re- 


iSJ4  HISTORV    OF    PIKE    COCNTV. 

sist  the  temptatiuii  of  briiigiii<^  down  buch  fine  gHine.  IK*  shot 
him,  but  fiucceedud  only  in  breaking  one  of  liis  legs.  Let<t  the  deer 
eliuuM  hobble  oti*  bevtMul  reach  and  l)e  lost,  he  iintnediately  rushed 
forward  and  cjiuj^ht  iiitn  by  the  horns.  His  faithtuldug  soon  eauie 
to  his  assistance  and  laiil  hold  of  one  of  the  deer's  ears.  In  this  way  all 
three  tussled  around  and  around  for  some  time,  neither  being  able 
to  gain  much  advantage.  At  last  William  took  out  his  old  knife, 
which  had  no  back  spring,  and  atteinpti'd  to  cut  the  deer's  throat, 
using  his  fingt-rs  as  a  spring  to  support  the  blade.  In  this  attenii»t, 
Ijowever,  he  failed,  lie  then  opened  the  little  blade,  plunged  it 
into  the  deer  and  it  broke  otf.  .  lie  ag.iin  returned  to  the  use  of  the 
big  blade,  using  his  fingers  for  a  back. spring,  as  before.  All  this 
lime  the  deer  kept  tussling  and  bleeding,  while  the  faithful  <lt.)g  kept 
tugging  away  at  his  ear.  Ha-il  st<Kxi  a  few  rods  away,  calling  with 
all  his  might  U>  )iis  br«>ther  to  come  away,  fearful  that  the  ileer 
wouM  kill  him.  William  soon  got  astride  the  deer's  shoulders 
and  faithfully  jabl)od  away  with  his  old,  backless  knife,  and,  with 
the  a^sislHiice  of  the  dog,  he  finally  succeeiJe<l  in  killing  the  deer. 
But  this  was  not  all.  It'  they  left  tlieir  game  there  the  wolves  would 
soon  devour  it,  and  it  was  too  heavy  for  them  to  earry  ;  and  so  the 

ingenuity  «'<"• ianifeste<i  in  pioijeer  time-,  ami  which  would  have 

l)een  comnj.  -in   t»lder  heads,  was  manifesto^l  by  these  young 

br<»thers  in  order  to  save  the  deer.     They  l>ent  a  sapling,  unon 
which  they  luing  the  deer,  and  when  stniightene<i  it  litted  tlje  deer 

some  distance  from  the    1.     Then  William   hung  his  vest  up 

by  it,  which  had   the   dt  •  ifect  «d"  keeping  all  animals  fn)m   it, 

and  notifying  the  hunters  that  it  was  the  game  of  ar>other  i»arty. 

KINI>KKIIOoK. 

The  town  of  Kinderh»mk  waa  founded  in  1^36  by  Cheater 
Churchill  and  Uriiige  Wiiitten.  Tlie  first  settler  in  the  t^iwn  waa 
Peter  IIar|>er.  The  first  store  wa«  kept  by  Mr.  Churchill.  The 
village  now  contains  several  stores,  '  '  iiith  shops,  a  flour  mill, 
and  other  induslri<  -  It  also  has  a  ^...  .v.;  school  and  two  church 
edifices  K>cale<i  h.  r.  Manv  of  the  earlv  pioneers  of  Kinderhook 
have  passeil  away,  and  it  is  with  difficulty  that  it«  earlier  history  is 
obtainetl.  We  acknowledge  our  indebte«lnes8  to  Samuel  Clark  and 
others  for  valiial>Ie  inforujatioii  received  from  this  neighborhood. 

Kluderltunk  Exchanyd  J/i7i*.— This  estaidi»hment  wa.s  erected 
in  1871  by  Blain  &  Steers,  who  operated  it  for  about  four  years. 
It  then  fell  into  the  hands  of  f^lijah  Mc.Vtee  and  Dr.  Penick.  This 
firm  sold  out  in  1^77  t..  E.  H.  llyde  and  C.  C.  Colvin,  who  oper- 
ated it  aluml  two  yearn,  when  they  sold  it  to  J.  C.  Colvin,  who  a 
few  months  later  took  Wm.  Fantz  as  a  partner.  They  run  four 
sets  of  burrs,  and  do  a  large  business.  They  make  an^  excellent 
quality  of  flour,  which  meets  with  a  ready  sale  in  the  Xew  \  ork 
markets. 

Kinderhook  Public  Scht>ol«.—1\xe    high-school    department  of 
the  Kinderhook  schools  is  in  an  excellent  running  order  under  the 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  S5o 

inana«renient  of  Prof.  Elkanah  Sellers,  who  conducts  the  school  on 
tlie  hitest  Normal  ])lan.  The  recitations  of  the  B.  class  in  <^eoi^ra- 
phy  are  «jiven  in  writing  by  the  entire  class  upon  the  blackboard. 
This  work  is  examined  the  followini;  moriiini;  and  criticised,  the 
pupils  i;enerally  manitestiiii;  threat  interest  in  their  studies.  The 
school  buildint^  is  a  large  two-stor}'  brick  structure,  and  contains 
three  rooms. 

CHURCHES. 

Klnderhook  Baptist  Church. — This  society  was  orcjanized  Jan. 
28,  1850,  at  the  house  of  David  DevoK  by  Elder  X.  Kinne.  Mr. 
Kinne  was  chosen  Chairman,  and  Mr.  Devol  Clerk,  of  this  meeting. 
He  was  then  elected  permanent  Clerk,  and  shortly  afterward  S. 
Sprague  and  S.  B.  Gaines  were  chosen  Deacons.  Rev.  Wm.  Cleve- 
land was  called  as  their  first  Pastor.  The  congregation  erected  a 
house  of  worship  in  ls64,  which  was  dedicated  in  October,  Ls65, 
by  Elder  X.  Kinne.  The  present  membership  is  200.  The  Church 
has  sustained  a  Sunday-school  ever  since  it  was  organized. 

Akei's  M.  E.  Chxwch. — This  Church  was  organized  over  40  year* 
ago,  and  although  we  worked  assiduously  to  obtain  its  history,  as 
well  as  that  of  the  other  M.  E.  Church,  we  fail  to  receive  very  much 
satisfactory  information.  The  present  church  editice  of  the  Akers 
Society,  which  was  the  second  one  erected,  was  built  in  1868-9.  It 
is  constructed  of  brick,  and  cost  about  1^5,500. 

hull's. 

This  town  is  located  on  sec.  21,  and  at  the  junction  of  the  Wabash 
and  the  Quincy,  Alton  &  St.  Louis  Railroads.  It  was  laid  out  in 
December,  1871,  by  David  Hull,  Rensellaer  Sweet  and  William 
Bridge.  It  is  situated  in  the  midst  of  one  of  the  finest  agricultural 
districts  in  the  county,  and  has  promise  of  making  a  nice  local 
town. 

biographical  department. 

In  alphabetical  order  we  speak  of  many  of  the  leading  citizens  of 
Kinderhook. 

James  B.  Allen,  druggist,  was  born  in  South  Carolina,  March 
18,  1824,  and  is  a  son  of  Josiah  Allen,  deceased.  He  came  to  Pike 
count}'  in  1850,  and  pursued  the  mason's  trade  until  1874,  when  he 
engaged  in  his  present  business.  He  is  engaged  in  general  mer- 
chandising and  carries  a  stock  of  S4,000,  consisting  of  a  full  line  of 
drugs,  groceries,  boots  and  shoes,  (jueensware,  and  occupies  a  two- 
story  brick  block,  which  he  erected  in  1876  at  a  cost  of  about  $4,000. 
Mr.  Allen  did  the  mason  work  on  the  Barry  high-school  buildino;. 
In  1852  he  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  the  late  Judge  Alfred  Grubb, 
of  this  county.  Mrs.  Allen  was  bt>rn  in  Kentucky,  April  2,  182b. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Allen  hnve  5  children, — Alfred,  Mary  E.,  Edward  C, 
Bessie  and  Fannie. 

Alexander  Anderson  was  born  in  Reading,  Berks  county.  Pa., 
and  is  a  son  of  Edward  Anderson,  deceased,  who  came  to  this 
county  in  1845.    Ale.x.  came  with  his  father  and  engaged  with  him 


856  HISTORY    OF    riKK   COUNTY. 

ill  tliu  mercantile  husinese  in  Kinderhuok  until  the  death  of  the 
latter,  wiiich  occiirred  in  1848.  Mr.  Aiulersuu  then  en-^aj^eil  in 
farniiiif;  until  isT'^;  then  formed  a  jiartnershij)  with  Frank  Ester- 
^ren,  hut  in  1"^79  the  tirm  dissolved,  and  .Mr.  A.  went  into  hu8ine86 
fur  himself,  lie  now  carriei»  a  general  stock  of  hardware, furniture, 
etc.,  and  also  ha^  a  harness  shop  attached  and  does  a  i^ood  husiness. 
In  1847  he  married  Anice  Hull,  daiii^hter  <»f  James  II nil,  deceased, 
an  early  pioneer  of  thi>  county.  -Mr.  antl  .Mrs.  Anderson  have  had 
9  chihlren,  of  whom  0  are  living;,— Kli/.aUeth,  Kdward,  Markf, 
James,  Charles  ami  Alexander. 

Clement  V.  Ai/h'^irurth  was  Uirn  in  New  York  in  1848,  lived 
there  until  he  was  5  years  old,  then  nioved  with  his  parents  to  i*ikc 
county.  111.,  an«l  remained  there  until  l8«;i;  then  moveil  to  Wis- 
consin and  remaine<l  there  until  1870,  then  returned  to  this  count}'. 
Jan.  '2r>,  1871,  he  married  Sarah  Z.  Duttun  of  this  county.  Their 
2  children  are  KIbcrt  and  Myrtie;  they  are  Ixilh  memlK»rsof  the  M. 
E.  Church.  He  i."  enu'a;;ed  in  hutcherin^.  also  carries  on  the  con- 
fot'tionery  husiness.  He  owns  a  dwelling  house  and  two  lots  in 
KinderluMik,  and  is  an  enterprising,  industrious  husiness  man  and 
a  j^iKxl  citizen.      In  politics  he  is  a  liepuhlican. 

Susan  Hanson  was  horn  in  Butler  county,  t).,  in  1823,  an<I  lived 
there  until  she  was]  15  years  «)f  age,  when  she  moved  with  her 
parent^i  U>  thi.n  county.  At  the  aire  of  21  she  niarrie<I  Maconi  ('ol- 
nian,  and  tln-y  had  4  chihlren, — James  Tlunuas,  .J«»hn  Macum, 
(ieor«^'  an«I  Catharin**.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  C«»lman  .Mrs.  C'. 
marrietl  Thomas  I*^n^^)n  and  they  luul  2  chihlren,  Lydia  Margaret 
and  Linosa  Ia*i>.  Mrs.  Benson  is  a  meml>orof  the  Baptist  Church 
and  |K>litically  is  a  Donu>crat.  She  owns  01  acres  of  land  and  fol- 
low^  farming. 

Edmuti'l  T.  liridge  waa  horn  in  Augusta  county,  \'a.,  Dec.  15, 
1837.  His  father  letl  Augusta  county  and  move<l  to  Lewis  county 
in  18-17,  and  in  1853  moved  to  Fayette  county,  Oil iu,  and  after 
living  there  one  year.  move«i  to  Hancock  countv.  III.,  and  when 
there  enlisted  in  the  ll'Jth  Keg.  of  III.  Vol.,  ami  remained  until 
Aug.,  lSr»5,  and  since  tiien  lias  l)een  living  in  this  tp.  Feh.  14, 
1867,  lie  married  Marv  A.  Sweet,  and  tiieir  children  are  2  hoys  and 
1  girl.  Himself  an«I  wife  are  memhers  of  the  I>aptist  Church. 
Mr.  B.  folK»wed  tarming  until  1>72,  and  since  then  has  l>een  en- 
gage<i  in  merchandising  at  HulTs  Station,  and  is  an  enterprising 
business  man,  and  in  {xditics  is  a  liepuhlican.  lleowns  50  acres 
of  lanti,  three  house.-*  and  three  lots,  and  a  dry-goods  store. 

MiK.  M<iry  f/KMf,  farmer,  sea-^.  33  and  3«»;  was  hurn  in  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1>21,  and  lived  witli  her  parents  until  she  was  10  years 
old.  They  moved  to  Ohio  and  remained  tliere  until  1844,  then  to 
Indiana,  and  lived  there  2  years,  tlien  came  to  this  county,  where 
she  ^vi^  iikTiol  X  tv.  1),  is^l.  to  Alonzo  Chase.  Their  chil- 
dren were,  Daniel,  William  Lanson,  Samantha,  Sarah  Frances.  Alice 
Melvina  and  Isadora.  She  owns  134  acres  of  land,  and  is  a  Demo- 
crat. 


HISTORY   OF    PIKE   COUNTY,  857 

A.  S.  Churchill  came  to  tliis  countv  in  1833,  when  but  19  years 
of  ao^e.  He  traveled  the  entire  distance  from  Batavia  in  a  one- 
horse  bucro^y  in  one  montli  and  15  days.  Arrived  in  this  tp.  the 
15tli  of  Oct.,  and  joined  liis  father  and  brother,  who  had  ]>receded 
liim.  In  the  sprinti;of  1834  he  returned  to  New  York  and,  Oct. 
20,  1835,  married  Mary  A.  Hunn,  dauij^hter  of  Samuel  Ilunn,  de- 
ceased. Mrs.  C  is  a  native  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  and  was  born 
March  S,  1S14.  They  have  had  7  children,  4  of  whom  are  livini:^, — 
James  A.,  \\\\\.  E.,  Hiram  S.  and  Xancy  M.  They  removed  here 
in  1830,  and  Mr.  C.  kept  hotel  until  the  railroads  were  built.  AVhen 
he  arrived  in  this  tp.  he  had  $250,  a  team,  a  wife  and  one  child. 
Now  he  is  comfortablv  situated  and  has  jjiven  his  children  each  a 
larwe  farm.  The  tirst  land  he  bought  here  he  secured  bv  irivinof  a 
cloth  coat  for  his  claim  on  the  land.  He  went  to  Whipple's  n)ill 
for  flour,  a  distance  of  23  miles. 

William  E.  Churchill  was  born  Ma}'  2,  1847,  in  Barry  tp., 
and  is  a  son  of  the  preceding;  he  resides  on  sec.  9,  this  tp.,  and 
is  engao^ed  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  He  was  married  March 
26,  1868,  to  Mary  Carr,  daughter  of  Solomon  Carr,  deceased,  and 
they  have  4  children, — Charles  E.,  Ora  D.,  Roy  S.  and  Edward  C. 

Samuel  Clarh  is  a  native  of  Harrison  county,  Va.,  and  was 
born  Sept.  23,  1820,  and  is  a  son  of  Rev.  Samuel  Claik,  deceased, 
who  removed  to  this  county  with  his  family  in  1829.  Mr.  Clark 
was  raised  on  a  farm  and  educated  in  a  common  school.  In  1851 
he  was  married  to  Emma  Shinn,  daughter  of  Isaiah  Shinn,  de- 
ceased, who  came  to  this  State  in  1867.  Mrs.  Clark  was  l)orn  Sept. 
8,  1831,  in  Harrison  county,  Va.  They  have  had  7  children,  of 
whom  6  are  living, — Henrietta  A.,  Frances  V.,  Sabra  E.,  Minnie, 
Cyrus  and  Florence  N.  Mr.  Clark  resides  on  sec.  3,  this  tp.,  and 
is  eufi'aj'ed  in  farinino-  and  stock-raisins:. 

Alexaiuler  Clutch,  farmer,  sec.  33,  was  born  in  Warren  county, 
C,  in  1833,  and  lived  there  until  he  was  13  years  of  age,  then 
moved  to  Pike  county  with  his  parents,  who  were  farmers,  and 
lived  with  them  until  he  was  21  years  old;  he  then  went  to  ^lacon 
county  and  remained  2  years,  following  farming,  then  to  this  State, 
again  locating  in  McLean  county  for  14  years;  then  returned  to 
Pike  county  and  married  Christina  Fine,  who  had  been  previously 
married,  and  had  one  child  named  Wm.  Isaac.  Mrs.  Clutch  died 
and  ^Ir.  C.  married  ^Irs.  Elizabeth  Halstead,  who  had  7  children, — 
Henry  R.  and  Wm,  F.  Wilson,  Drusilla  J.,  Edith  ]\I.  and  Susan 
Edna.  Her  children  by  her  tirst  husband  were  Rachel,  Ellen, 
Loraira  and  Emma.  By  his  first  wife  ]\Ir.  Clutch  had  4  children, — 
Thomas  Marlon,  Edward  Francis,  Anna  and  Clarissa.  lie  and 
his  wife  are  Baptists,  and  politically  he  is  a  Democrat.  His  farm 
comprises  70  acres. 

John  Clutch  was  born  ^larch  2'^,  1839,  in  Warren  count3%  O., 
and  is  a  son  of  David  P.  and  Martha  Clutch,  deceased,  who  brought 
their  family  to  this  county  in  the  spring  of  1847,  landing  at  Quincy 
oil  the  1st  day  of  April.     In    1852    he  was   married  to  xVlvira, 


bob  IlISroKY    <'K    IMKK    COUNTY. 

dauj^liter  of  Sylvaiius  Baker,  ileceasetJ,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  this 
county.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Clutch  have  had  8  children,  of  whom  6  are 
livinij,  viz:  Warren,  Mary  K.,  John,  Sarali,  Kilen  antl  Everett. 
Mr.  C.  cn^'a^ed  in  farnjin^  until  187r»,  when  he  entered  into  the 
ujercantile  husiness  in  Kimleriiook.  lie  carries  a  stock  of  ^.'),000, 
consisting  of  dry-goods,  hats  and  caps,  boots  and  shoes,  groceries, 
qucensware,  ami  everything  usually  kept  \n  a  first-class  mi.xed 
gtoro.  lie  al.so  deals  in  agricultural  implements.  He  still  owns  a 
farm,  and  still  gives  some  attention  to  farming. 

S'imuel  Colgrove  was  born  in  Steuben  county,  N.  V.,  .luiie  24, 
lh2*J,  and  is  a  son  of  Andrew  and  Elizabeth  (Smith)  C'olgrove,  of 
the  same  county.  Mrs.  ('.  died  in  ls71.  Samui'l  was  reared  on  a 
farm  and  had  but  limitetl  opportunities  for  an  education.  In  ls4:{ 
he  eanio  West,  traveling  thr(»ugh  I(»\vft,  Minnesota  and  Northern 
Illinois;  went  to  I..ake  Superior  during  the  silver  e.xcitement  in 
l!^4.^;  e'  1    in    sawijig    and    rafting   lumber  to  St.  L()uis  for  4 

vears;  I:..;,  i  through  Intliami,  Ohio  and  Michigan  to  some  ex- 
tent. He  returned  to  New  York  in  1^49,  where  he  remairjed  until 
lbr»G,  except  what  time  lie  was  in  the  war.  Aug.  2,  1851.  he  mar- 
ried Mary  1*.  Marlatt,  and  move«l  to  Huron  county,  ().;  in  ls«>7 
ca»ne  to  Adams  county.  111.,  and  3  yiars  afterward  he  came  into 
this  county,  where  he  resides  on  sec.  20,  faruung  and  raising  stock. 
He  baa  had  7  children,  viz:  ElizaU'th  M..  Olive  A.,  Emily  L., 
San)uel  A.,  Ira  M.,  George  I),  and  Lillie  M.  Mr.  C.  served  in  Co, 
H,  8«)th  N.  V.  Inf.,  ami  hence  was  in  the  army  of  the  Potomac. 
He  ]>articipal«tl  in  the  bwond  battle  of  jbill  Run;  became  disa- 
bknl  in  the  service,  and  was  discharged  Nov.  6,  1^•■•J. 

./.  C.  Calvin  was  l>orn  in  llartfoni  county.  Conn.,  Oct.  19,  1823, 
a  son  of  Timi»thy  Colvin,  dec.;  in  1S54  he  came  .itid  settled  in  this 
tp. ;  the  next  year  he  returne«l  to  Connecticut  and  marrie<l  Miss 
Ann  M,  Andrews,  and  returnetl  to  his  home  here.  Of  his  5  chil- 
dren Flora,  Charlotte  and  Joseph  A.  are  livirig.  .\fter  farming  for 
9  years  Mr.  Colvin  has  followed  merchandising,  trading,  milling, 
etc.     He  still  owns  a  farm. 

Jo/in  Cook,  farmer,  sec.  24,  owning  280  acres  of  land  in  this  tp., 
was  b«>rn  in  Chatham  county,  N.  C,  July  5,  1800;  at  the  age  t>t  7 
years  he  came  with  his  parents  to  Davidson  county,  Tenn.,  where 
in  alKMit  (\  months  his  father  die<l;  his  mother  then  moved  to  Rob- 
inson county  uuU\  he  was  17  years  fd<l,  when  they  moved  to  Trigg 
county,  Ky.,  and  there,  March  20,  1828,  he  marrie<i  Miss  Martha 
Kenne<ly;  in  1830  he  arrived  in  Pike  county.  His  children  are 
John  K.,  Mary  E.,  Clarinda  Ann  and  Milly  Jane.  Mr.  C.  is  a 
Democrat. 

Tr  //.  Davison  was  Iwrn  in  Wales  in  1842;  in  ls4r.  the  family 
emigrated  to  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  in  1S49  to  I>onisville,  Ky.,  in  1S51  to 
Naples,  III.;  he  served  l^^  months  in  the  8th  H^^'j^.  I.  V.  I.,  and  wa.s 
honorably  discharged;  then  followed  steam-boating  for  G years;  and 
for  the  last  ♦>  ^vhts  he  has  been  in  Pike  county  conducting  a  hotel 
and   restaurant.     At   Naples   he  was   a  farmer.     May  4,    1868,  he 


:%K. 


^-d^' . .  /  .U  >      rl^Ctcwh/ 


X 


KINDERHOOK   T* 


MI6TORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTT.  861 

marrietl  Miss  Mary  K.  Smith,  and  they  have  one  cliiid,  Annie  K., 
aged  11.  Mr.  D.  is  a  Baptist  and  his  wife  a  Methodist.  In  poli- 
tics Mr.  D.  is  a  Democrat.  He  owns  2  houses  and  lots  at  Hull's 
Station. 

Mosis  Decker  was  born  in  Knox  county,  Ind.,  Dee.  IH,  1^00,  son 
of  Moses  Decker,  who  was  born  in  IT^^O  in  Washinirton  county, 
Pa.,  and  was  brought  by  his  ])arents  to  the  Northwestern  Territory 
in  17s5;  he  was  raised  in  the  fort  at  Vincennes,  and  when  large 
enough  to  eai'ry  a  ^un  he  went  into  the  war  against  the  Indians; 
he  died  in  ISO-i.  Moses,  jr.  was  raised  on  a  farm  in  pioneer  style; 
education,  likewise,  being  in  the  usual  ohl-fashioncd  log  school- 
house,  with  a  greased  deer-skin  for  a  window,  and  a  tire-place  for 
heating  the  room.  In  1827  he  married  Melinda,  daughter  of 
Tarleton  Horen.  dec.  In  18;>5  they  came  to  this  county,  settling 
on  sec.  I,  this  tp.,  where  he  still  resides,  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser. 
Of  his  11  children  these  9  are  living:  Hannah,  Martha,  Melinda, 
Christina,  Ezra,  Asher,  Amry,  Margaret  and  Emery.  Mrs.  D.  died 
May  25,  1877,  an  honored   member  of  society. 

David  Devoid  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  was  born  in  Washington 
county,  O.,  March  20,  1826,  the  son  of  Daniel  Devol,  dec,  who  was 
among  the  tirst  born  in  that  county.  Mr.  D.  came  to  Illinois  in 
1854,  settling  in  this  tp.,  where  he  still  resides.  He  has  mar- 
ried twice,  and  is  the  father  of  8  children.  He  is  a  descendant  of 
Daniel  Devol,  who  was  one  of  four  brothers  that  emigrated  to 
America  from  England  about  1760.  Their  names  were'Stephen, 
Daniel,  Jonathan  and  Gilbert. 

F rank  Estergreii^  dealer  in  stoves  and  tin  ware,  was  born  in 
Sweden  Nov.  4,  1844;  when  20  years  of  age  he  emigrated  to  Amer- 
ica; worked  at  common  labor  a  few  months  at  Fall  Brook,  Pa.; 
then  was  in  Minnesota  four  j'ears  in  the  tin  business;  then  followed 
the  same  business  one  year  in  Wisconsin;  then  at  Hannibal,  Mo., 
3  months;  then  Kinderhook,  where  he  worked  as  journeyman  for  3 
or  4  years,  then  commenced  business  for  himself.  In  1874  he  mar- 
ried Amanda  McPherson.  and  they  Lave  2  children,  Joseph  Tim- 
othy and  Nellie  Josephine.  He  and  wife  are  Baptists,  and  he  is  a 
staunch  Democrat.  Is  the  owner  of  his  residence  and  business 
liouse  and  lots. 

Thomas  Fitsjmtrick,  hotel-keeper  at  Kinderhook,  was  born  in 
1828,  in  Butler  Co.,  O.;  at  the  age  of  !♦  years  he  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Pike  county;  they  were  farmers;  at  21  he  spent  13 
months  in  California;  then  returned  to  Pike  county  and  married 
Miss  Emily  AVoolum,  of  this  county,  and  they  have  6  children, — 
Josephine,  Laura  Ann,  Thomas,  Charlie,  Bartholomew  and  Eugene. 
He  has  been  engaged  in  the  hotel  business  for  16  years,  and  at  other 
times  he  has  followed  farming.  He  owns  his  hotel,  three  other 
buildings  and  \\  acres  of  land.  He  is  a  Democrat,  and  he  and  his 
wife  are  ]\Iethodists. 

Samuel  B.  Gaines  was  born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  10,  1821 ; 
his  father,  Ebenezer,  was  a  native  of   Connecticut,  a   farmer,  who 

40 


862  irrsTOKT  of  imki    (imnty. 

died  in  IS25,  and  Mr«.  G.  soon  niovt-d  to  Iljirtturd  Co.,  Conn., 
where  SuinM  H.  was  hiouirht  u|>;  in  1S42  lie  moved  to  Ohio,  wliero 
he  en^a^'ed  in  the  clock  hiisiriess  7  year^.  In  1S44  he  njarried  in 
LIunMi  ('(».,  Mar^Miet  M.  Twaddle;  in  1847  they  removed  to  this 
county,  where  in  tlio  tolh.win<^  year  Mrs.  (i,  died;  in  1S4*J  Mr.  (i. 
marrii'il  Miiry  A.,  diiu'^hter  of  Thomas  Fitzjmtrick,  an  early  set- 
tier  i>r  this  county,  who  died  in  ls50.  .Mr,  and  Mrs.  (ijiines  have 
luid  10  children,  tif  whom  ♦»  are  livin<^:  I.orinda  .V>,Mary  K.,  hvdia 
A.,  Sylvester  S.,  Ivlward  X.  and  Minnie  M.  For  the  Hrst  3  yeara 
in  Illinois  Mr,  (J,  en^f}ij,'ed  in  the  clock  hu^ine8s,  and  since  that 
time  he  luw  t'olloweil  I'arminj^  and  merchandising';  he  now  carries  a 
Ktock  of  :j^«"»,00(i,  which  consists  of  dry-j^uod^  hoots  and  shoes, 
gn>cerie8,  notions,  hats  and  aips,  hardware,  etc.  lie  owns  over 
500  acres  of  valuahle  land  in  this  county,  lie  now  (Fob,)  has  270 
acres  of  wheat  sown, 

A.  A.  (io«t',  farmer,  stx;,    14,  «»wnin^'  152  acres  of  land,  was  horn 
in  KintlerluMjk  ti*.  June  24,  ls30,  the  son  of  John  (iose,  deceased,  an 
early  pioneer.    Oct.  25,   1S«;3,  i>o    married    Klizaheth  Jiailey;  4  of 
their   5  children   are   living:  Aila   H.,    llarrv    L.,  Elbert   and    Klla 
Myrtle. 

CharUs  R.  Gone  was  born  in  this  t|).  Sept.  4,  1837,  where  he  has 
since  rehide<l;  Oct.  20,  1863,  he  married  Miss  Cynthia  J.Jones; 
their  children  are  Krnest  IJ.,  Imrn  Nov.  15,  186S,  and  ('harles  J., 
Dec.  It;,  1n71.  lie  owns  145  aicrea  of  land  atid  follows  farming. 
He  is  Assessor  of  Kin«lerh<M»k  tp..  a  i>emocrat  and  a  (Jood  Ttiniilar. 
His  wife  is  a  ''  Republican.'* 

Eliza  J,  Go9e  was  born  in  Uussidl  Co.,  V'n.,  Dec.  4,  1^15;  wln-n 
ID  year^  of  ai^^  she  marrieii  John  (t«).se  and  moved  to  this  tp.,  bince 
which  time  she  has  remained  on  her  farm  of  3"M)  acres.  Her  maiden 
name  wjis  Eliza  J.  Hickley.  She  has  4  children, — Alxd  A.,  Charles 
n.,  (ieor^e  V.  and  Fnmces.     She  is  a  Methodist. 

Ihiru'i  lllutls,  farmer,  sec.  I'S,  was  l)orn  in  iJrown  Ijo.,  ( j.,  March 
6,  1^24,  the  son  of  James  Hinds,  of  tiiistp.;  was  reared  on  a  farm 
aiul  educated  in  the  common  schools;  removc<l  with  his  parents  to 
Montpjmery  Co.,  Mo.,  in  1843,  and  in  the  following  year  to  this 
countv.  Dec.  31,  1*'49,  he  married  Elizabeth  Lomax,  a  dauirhterof 
Theoj>hilu>  Lomax,  de<'eastd,  who  came  to  this  county  in  184S. 
Mr.  an<l  .Mrs.  Hinds  have  3  children, — James,  John  and  Henry. 
James  marrie<l  Amanda  Gluiison  and  resides  in  this  tp.;  John  mar- 
ried Helen  Lane  and  also  resides  in  this  tp.  ^[r.  Iiinds  has  been 
a  farmer  since  lie  wa>  23  years  of  age;  he  owns  415  acres  of  valu- 
able land. 

Charles  S.  Hull^  deceased,  was  born  in  this  tp.  Jan.  26,  1843, 
the  sou  of  Thos.  Hull,  deceased,  who  came  to  Southern  Illinois  in 
1822,  and  to  this  county  in  1829.-  Charles  was  raised  on  a  farm 
and  educated  in  the  public  school;  June  4,  18G8,  he  married  Louisa, 
daui^hter  of  Nathan  H.  Davis,  near  Grig^sville.  Mr.  Hull  was  a 
farmer  and  stock-raiser,  and  resided  on  tne  old  homestead  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  Jan.  11.  1879,  a  zealous  Methodist.     Mr. 


HISTORY    OF    riKE   COUNTY.  863 

and  Mrs.  Hull  luid  2  children,  Mary  A.  and  Siirah  A.  The  Hull 
farm  was  one  of  the  first  farms  settled  and  improved  in  this  tp. 
Mrs.  H.  still  resides  there  and  carries  on  the  farm. 

David  Hull,  dcceRBed;  was  born  in  Pickaway  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  9, 
1830,  and  emigrated  to  this  State  in  1836;  Oct.  16,  1858,  he  mar- 
ried Sarah  Sperry,  daughter  of  John  and  Catharine  S})erry;  the 
former  died  Oct.  3,  1878,  and  the  latter  resides  with  her  daughter 
at  Hull's  Station,  ^[r.  and  Mrs.  Hull  had  5  children,  of  whom  3 
are  living,  Everett,  Mary  and  iMinnie.  ^fr.  Hull  was  a  prominent 
farmer  and  stock-  raiser  in  the  Mississippi  valley,  and  was  the  founder 
of  Hull's  Station,  which  was  named  for  him.  He  died  March 
16,  1875,  a|  devoted  Christian  man,  liberal,  public-spirited,  etc.  Two 
of  his  brothers,  James  and  ^Villiam,■died  in  the  late  war.  Jan.  17, 
1878,  Mrsi  Hull  married  Stephen  Whitaker,  anative  of  New  York, 
who  came  to  this  county  with  Benj.  Brown  in  1833.  Mr.  Wiiit- 
aker's  mother  died  when  he  was  but  a  small  boy,  and  he  was 
brought  up  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Brown.  He  resides  at  Hull,  engaged 
in  farming.  He  followed  broom-making  for  about  20  years,  with 
good  success.     We  give  Mr.  H.'s  portrait  in  these  pages. 

David  D.  ITull,  jr.,  merchant,  is  a  native  of  this  county,  born  in 
Barry  tp.  Sept.  25,  1844,  a  son  of  Tate  Hull.  In  his  18th  year  he 
shouldered  a  gun  and  fought  for  Uncle  Sam  in  the  late  war,  in  Go. 
H,  99th  Reg.  I.  V.  I.,  for  about  two  years,  when  his  compan}'  was 
consolidated  with  Co.  C.  He  was  in  the  Yicksburg  campaign,  the 
battles  of  Champion  Hills,  Raymond,  Fort  Blakeley,  Fort  Spanish, 
Mobile  and  others.  His  two  brothers,  Thomas  and  Albert,  also 
served  in  the  war.  In  1865  Mr.  Hull  married  Sarah  A.,  daughter 
of  Granville  Scott,  deceased;  and  they  have  had  6  children,  of  whom 
5  are  living:  Minnie  A.,  Norton  C,  Everett,  Wily  and  Hubert. 
As  a  merchant  Mr.  Hull  carries  a  general  line  of  goods. 

J.  JV.  Hull  was  born  Jan.  9,  1836;  the  son  of  Thomas  Hull,  an 
early  settler,  and  the  first  supervisor  of  this  tp.  J.  N.  owns  400 
acres  of  valuable  land,  and  has  260  acres  in  wheat  at  present.  He 
is  engaged  in  the  grain  business  at  Hull's  Station,  and  has  recently 
erected  a  grain  elevator  and  agricultural  warehouse,  24  by  56  feet. 
January,  1860,  he  married  Miss  Mary  M.  Sprague,  daughter  of 
Deacon  Seaman  SpragUe,  of  Kinderhook  tp.,  and  they  have  had  6 
children,  of  whom  3  are  living:  Loyal  S.,  Jennie  B.,  and  James  L. 

Marietta  B.  Johnson  was  born  in  Berkshire  county,  Mass., 
where  she  resided  until  34  years  of  age.  She  married  George  Snow 
in  1857,  who  lived  but  3  years  afterward;  in  1870  she  married  Mr. 
L.  Johnson,  who  lived  6  years.  She  is  now  a  wid<jw,  and  proj)rietor 
of  a  hotel  at  Hull's,  where  she  has  resided  for  7  years.  Her  maiden 
name  was  Marietta  B.  Stuitevan. 

Charles  E.  Jones  was  born  in  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  11, 
1847,  and  is  the  son  of  Jeremiah  Jones,  of  that  State;  he  came  to 
this  county  in  lst)9,  and  was  assistant  foreman  on  the  Hannibal  di- 
vision of  the  Wabash  railroad  the  same  year.  May  25,  1872,  he 
married  Miss  Almira  E.Steadman,  daughter  of  Revilo  B.  Steadman, 


864  UliiTOKY    OK    riKi:    COrNTY. 

of  Hull's.  They  have  3cliildreii:  liertlui  A.,  Althoii  R.  uiid  Grace 
L.  Mr.  Jones  now  resides  at  Hull's,  au<l  is  foreiuan  uii  the  C  B. 
&,  Q.  li.  II.,  wliieli  position  he  has  hcKl  tor  \)  years. 

James  P.  Jour tifij  \\'i\^  horn  in  Adains  county,  111.,  April  10, 
ls47,  a  Bon  of  Joseph  W.,  deceased,  an  early  settler  in  that  county. 
Auix-  -2,  1S()1»,  he  inarrietl  Nancy  A.  Wa<^y,  and  they  reside  on  the 
old  homestead,  .sec.  5,  en^ai^ed  in  farming.  His  grandfather,  Peter 
Journey,  settled  in  Adams  county  pri»>r  to  1S25;  was  a  memher  of 
the  first  liojird  of  County  Commissioners  of  that  county,  and  nmr- 
ried  the  first  couj>le  that  wei-e  married  hy  license  in  that  county. 
The  license  was  written  on  hrown  paper,  and  the  ceremoiiv  was 
6idemni/e<l  July  2(5,  In^.').  Joseph  W.  Journey  married  Caroline 
Youn^,  daughter  of  AuHtin  and  Margaret  Y»»ung.  Jan.  1,  1839, 
iind  of  their  In  children  hut  5  bur\ive:  Peter,  James,  Andrew,  Dora 
S.  (now  Mrs.  Win.  .lellison)  and  Mary.  The  family  removed  to  Pike 
county  in  \^h'>\.  where  thev  resided  until  after  his  death,  when  in 
1805  they  returned  to  Adams  county.  Peter  and  James  now  re* 
bide  in  this  county. 

C/oirles  li.  /r«vi<///y,  farmer,  800.  !(►,  whs  boni  in  this  tp.  Dec. 
10,  ls4<i,  the  son  of  iJenj.  Keiuidy,  deee»i6cd,an  «-arly  settler.  April 
22,  1870,  lie  marricti  Louisa  Toner,  daughti-r  of  Wm.  Toiler,  of  tiiis 
tp..  an<l  their  children  are  Mary  and  Charlie. 

Jacoh  Lea»'  was  horn  in  Hampshire  county,  \  a..  April  30,  lsl3; 
was  reareti  on  a  farm;  aime  to  Illinois  in  Ih60,  locating  in  Adams 
c»»unty,  and  in  lS.'i5  came  to  this  county.  He  is  now  living  with 
his  thiril  wife,  and  is  the  father  of  14  children;  12  of  these  are  jiv- 
ing: Marv  Iv,  PIki'Ik*  K.,  Joseph  T.,  Sarah  A  ,  Susan  F.,  Emery  L., 
Wm.  H.. Oliver  P.,  V .  S.  (irant,  Kva  D.,  Dora  and  Cyrus.  The 
5  eldest  are  nuirried.     Joseph  married  Sophronia  Kenne«iy. 

Mijfiin  DalUis  IAij(jttt  was  born  Dec.  27,  1845,  in  this  county, 
and  WHS  engage*!  in  farming  until  lsC4,  when  he  learned  the  hlack- 
snnlh's  trade,  which  he  is  ^till  following  in  Kinderhook.  In  \sy\{\ 
lie  marrieii  Miss  KUen  Peard,  of  New  York  State,  and  their  only 
child  is  George  D.,  aged  8  years.  Politically,  Mr.  L.  is  a  Demo- 
crat, an<l  he  is  also  an  Odd  Fellow, 

I).  /)/tv7y.  farmer,  sec.  »'».  wsu^  horn  in' Jefferson  county,  Ky.,  May 
10,1812;  wa*;  a  mechanic  hy  trude;  ciime  to  Missouri  in  1837,  and 
to  this  county  in  1850. 

Il(irri«on  McKee  \\ii»  born  in  Holmes  county,  O.,  April  5,  1S37, 
son  of  John  Mclvee,  decease<i,  who  brought  his  family  to  Pike 
ci>unty  in  the  autumn  of  1841.  They  traveled  the  entire  distance 
of  80U  miles  and  crossed  but  one  railroad.  There  were  7 
children,  of  whom  5  are  living,  Charles,  I^is,  Nancy  (now  Mrs. 
Pedwelh  Allen  and  Harrison.  Mrs.  McKee  is  living  on  the 
old  homestead,  at  the  age  of  OG.  Harrison  follows  farming  in 
the  summer  time  atul  teaches  school  in  the  winter.  He  has  taught 
for  17  successive  winters,  a  part  of  the  time  in  Adams  and  Morgan 
counties,  but  mostly  in  Pike. 


niffrORY   OF    PIKE   COUNTi'.  865 

Saniiiel  E.  Morris  was  boru  in  Ross  county,  O.,  in  1836;  moved 
to  Pike  county  with  his  parents  in  1851 ;  from  1857  to  1860  traveled 
to  California  ami  throui^h  the  "West,  when  he  returned  to  Pike  county 
to  work  at  his  trade,  hlacksinithinfj.  In  May,  ls61,  he  enlisted  in 
the  16th  111.  Inf.  Vol.,  and  served  with  distinction  for  3  years;  in 
1864  he  married  Lucinda  F.  Bolin,  and  their  children  are  :  Zella, 
Minnie  B.,  America  X.  and  Myrtie  May.  Mr.  M.  is  a  Greenbacker 
in  politics.  He  is  an  auctioneer  and  blacksmith,  and  owns  con- 
siderable city  property. 

Jainea  T.  Murray^  attorney,  Kinderhook,  was  born  in  this 
county,  April  10,  1*^39,  where  he  resided  until  1862  ;  followed  mill- 
iner 2  years  in  Minnesota,  then  the  mercantile  business  in  Quincy 
for  a  short  time,  and  then  commenced  the  study  of  law.  In  1869 
be  removed  to  Lewis  county.  Mo.,  where  he  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice; in.  1872  he  returned  to  this  county,  settliufj  at  Kinderhook, 
where  he  has  since  practiced  his  profession.  Oct.  18.  1864,  he  mar- 
ried Belle  Sisler,  of  La  .Grange,  Mo.,  and  the  names  of  their  chil- 
dren were  Mary  E.  and  Jennie  K. ;  both  of  whom  died  in  1872.  In 
politics  Mr.  M.  claims  to  be  a  Socialist. 

MUly  Murray  was  born  in  Triijg  county,  Ky.,  in  1808  ;  her 
maiden  name  was  Milly  Kennedy;  she  came  to  this  county  with 
her  parents  in  1830.  In  l"^31  she  married  Eleazer  Murray,  who 
died  in  1852,  leavinor  4  children:  James  T.,  Rufus  M.,  Mary  Ann 
and  Xancv  Ellen.  She  lives  on  her  farm  of  100  acres;  is  72  years 
old  and  in  good  health. 

Elhxnah  W.  Sellers,  school-teacher,  was  born  in  Barry  tp.,  Sept. 
27,  1857,  son  of  David  Sellers,  of  the  same  tp.,  who  brougiit  his 
family  to  this  county  in  1852.  Mr.  S.  received  a  part  of  his  educa- 
tion at  the  Christian  University.  Canton,  Mo.,  and  a  part  at  Chad- 
dock  College  at  Quincy,  and  is  the  present  principal  of  the  Kinder- 
hook schools. 

James  W.  Spe)'ry,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  22,  was  born  in 
Ross  county,  O.,  May  24.  1842,  son  of  John  Sperry,  deceased.  At 
the  age  of  19  he  enlisted  in  Co.  II,  73d  I^g.  O.  V.  I.,  and 
served  2  years  and  3  months  in  the  late  war,  being  in  the  battles 
of  Gettysburg,  Chancellorsville,  Lookout  Mountain,  etc.  In 
November,  1867,  he  married  Xancy  L..  daughter  of  Noah  Corey, 
of  Ross  Co.,  O.  Their  children  are  :  Cora,  Johnnie  N.,  Bessie  and 
Otis  O.  He  is  now  building  a  two-story  frame  house  32  by  54 
feet,  which  will  add  to  the  beauty  of  the  valley. 

Charles  C.  Spragae,  physician  aad  surgeon,  was  born  in  Washing- 
ton county,  Ohio,  Jan.  21,  1^37;  educated  in  Beverly  College,  Ohio, 
and  is  a  graduate  of  Rush  Medical  College  of  Chicago;  came  to  this 
county  in  i860,  taught  a  term  of  school  in  Payson,  Adams  Co.,  the 
following  winter;  at  the  same  time  studying  medicine  under  Dr. 
M.  M.  liaiKJ,  of  Quincy.  He  tlien  eidisted  in  the  war  as  Hospital 
Steward  in  Co.  C,  50th  I.  V.  I.,  serving  3  years,  and  was  present 
at  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Resaca,  etc., 
assisting  in  dressing  the  wounds  of  the  soldiers.  He  began  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  1865,  in  Kinderhook,  where  he  still  remains, 


866  HI^ORY    OF    I'IKK    COrNTY. 

with  a  laro;e  practice.  In  ls64  he  married  FraDces  E.,  daughter  of 
Mrs.  Eliza  J.  (Jose,  ot'tliis  tj).  They  are  Baptists,  and  tlieir  two 
livinij  cliihlreii  are  Laura  and  Justin  L. 

Revilo  B.  Sttadman,  tanner,  sec.  21,  was  born  in  Cortland  county, 
N.  Y.,  Nov.  14,  18  ir.,  son  of  Joshua  and  Fatha  (Beach)  Steadtnan, 
I)ic.  '24,  1S4G.  in  Wilkesharre,  Luzerne  Co.,  Pa.,  he  niarried 
Maria  A.  Beisel,  a  native  oi'  that  county,  who  was  horn  Nov.  18, 
18i-*2.  Four  of  their  live  children  are  livini^ — Peter  R.,  Alinira  E. 
(now  Mrs.  Charles  E.  Jones,  of  Hull),  Hannah  M.  and  Alfred  B. 
Afr.  S.  came  to  Illinois  in  1*^02,  stopping  in  Barry  3  years,  when  he 
removed  to  Hull's.     They  are  Baptists. 

littinellatr  Stceet  was  horn  in  Uen.sellaer  county,  N.  \  . ,  Feb. 
22,  1827,  and  is  a  son  of  Ira  Swret,  deceased,  who  brought  his 
family  to  this  county  in  1n47.  Mr.  Sweet  was  raised  on  a  farm 
and  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  ot'  New  ^ Ork. 
After  his  arrival  in  this  county,  his  educational  advantages  were 
very  limited,  the  present  free-school  system  not  being  in  V(»gue 
then.  He  was  married  in  1848  to  Rebecca  Hull,  «iaughter  of  the 
well  knowji  ]).  I).  Hull.  They  have  .')  chiMrcii,  of  wliom  4  are 
living  :  Mary  A.,  Jane  A.,  Koscoc  A.  and  Delia  M.  The  one 
deceased  was  K«ldieE,  Mr.  S.  resides  in  Hull,  and  is  engaged  in 
general  farming. 

ThomdH  O.  Tulhert,  farmer,  sec.  10,  was  l>orn  at  Ka.-kaskia,  111., 
Die.  14,  1821>,  son  of  Col.  .lames  Talbcrt,  a  ]>ioneer  of  this  county. 
Aj»ril  8,  18').'),  he  marrie«l  Elizabeth  C,  daughter  of  \Vm.  Crump, 
deceased,  also  an  early  settler  of  tliis  county. 

William  J.  T(tlht'rt,  farmer,  sec.  80,  was  born  in  Washington 
county,  Va.,  July  12,  l^ls,  son  of  James  Tall»ert,  decease*!,  who 
brought  hie  family  to  tin'  American  Bottom,  on  Kaskaskia  river, 
in  1829,  within  a  mile  of  the  house  of  Gov.  Bond.  After  spending 
one  year  in  Missotiri  he  came  back  to  Illinois  in  18.31,  and  the 
same  year  removed  with  his  family  to  .\tlas,  then  the  county-seat, 
where  he  kept  a  hotel  f  »r  a  year;  he  then  removed  near  New  Canton, 
where  he  resided  until  1863,  when  he  retired  and  resided  in  Barry 
until  hisileath,  which  occurred  in  186.5.  Wm.  J.,  being  a  ])ioneer, 
underwent  the  usual  j^rivations  of  early  times ;  he  received  his 
school  education  in  an  old  log  school-house,  with  slab  benches,  the 
window  extending  the  entire  length  of  the  building,  it  being 
simply  the  absence  of  a  log;  the  tire-place  occupied  nearly  the  en- 
tire end  of  the  room;  the  liack-logs  were  drawn  in  l>y  a  horse,  there 
being  a  door  on  each  side  y>i  the  room  near  the  fire-])lace  ;  the  floor 
Consisted  of  mother  earth.  Nov.  24,  1844,  he  married  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Lewis  Hull,  deceased,  and  they  have  had  9  children,  of 
whom  6  are  living  :  Thomas  N.,  Martha  E..  Mary  I.,  Charley  L., 
Hattie  and  Ettie  T.  Mr.  Talbert  was  the  second  tanner  in  Pike 
county,  having  run  a  tannery  near  New  Canton  for  several  years. 
He  was  jailor  while  in  Atlas,  and  witnessed  the  whipping  of  a  hog 
thief  by  $herit!"  Col.  Seeley. 

Isaac  N.  Tlt'onpson.  farmer,  sec.  13.  was  born  in  Hampshire 
county.  A'a..  Feb,  17.  1830,  son  of  Elisha  Thompson,  deceased;  in 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY.  867 

1854  lie  removed  to  Missouri,  where  he  eni^aged  in  fiirmiiig  and 
nierchaii(lisin<^  ;  after  10  years  lie  came  to  this  county;  in  1852  he 
married  Nancy  A.  Sperry,  in  Columbus,  O.  They  had  one  child, 
Win.  A.,  now  dead.  In  185S  Mrs.  T.  died,  and  in  185:>  Mr.  T.  mar- 
ried Elizabeth  Edu^ar.  Of  their  S  children  7  are  liviiii^  :  Fannie 
M.,  John  II.,  Louisa,  Jennie,  Willy^  M.,  Berzelius  and  Kufus.  The 
name  of  the  deceased  was  Albert  \j. 

J.  A.  Walch  is  a  native  of  Van  Wert  county,  O.,  where  he  was 
born  Aug.  10,  184G,  and  is  a  son  of  J.  A.  AValch,  deceased;  he  came 
to  Illinois  with  his  mother  and  stop-father  in  185S,  locating  in  Stark 
county,  ami  to  Pike  in  I8(i3.  March  18,  1809,  he  married  Charlotte 
Hull,  and  of  their  4  children  these  3  are  living  :  Frank,  Roy  and 
Charley.  Mr.  AV.  owns  a  half  interest  in  a  steam  thresher,  corn- 
slieller  and  wood  saw,  which  keej)S  him  continually  employed. 

Robert  D.  ira/v'/i;i(3;',  jeweler,  was  born  in  Casey  county,  Ky., 
Sept.  16,  1810;  in  1837  liis parents  moved  with  him  to  Ray  county, 
Mo.;  followed  farming  until  he  was  24  years  old,  when  he  married 
Mary  Blane,  of  Kentucky,  and  in  1847  they  moved  to  Pike  county, 
where  he  engaged  in  the  storing  and  shi])ping  business  at  Cincin- 
nati Landing  for  2  years;  then  clerked  in  a  dry-goods  store  in  New 
Canton  for  2  years;  then  followed  merchandising  for  himself  in  New- 
burg  3  years;  then  back  to  New  Canton  in  the  same  business  until 
1850;  then  sold  out  and  returned  to  Missouri,  where  he  sold  goods 
2  years,  when  the  rel)ellion  broke  out  and  he  was  robbed  by  <^ier- 
rillas  and  barely  escaped  with  his  life;  in  1862  he  returned  to  Pike 
county  and  engaged  in  the  sewing-machine  business  for  6  months; 
in  1863  went  to  Barry,  where  he  remained  until  1876;  engaged  in 
the  jewelry  business;  he  then  came  to  Kinderhook,  where  he  con- 
tinues in  that  line  of  work,  and  owns  a  residence  and  a  store.  In 
religion  he  is  a  "Christadelphian,  "  and  in  politics  a  Republican. 

V^ilson  Brothers.  These  enterprising  farmers  are  located  on 
sec.  27  this  tp.,  and  are  the  sons  of  John  A.  Wilson,  deceased, 
who  brought  his  family  from  Kane  county,  111.,  to  this  county  in 
1864.  Alexander  D.  was  born  Jan.  29,  1850,  and  AVilliam  was 
born  Oct.  3,  1854.  They  are  bachelors  and  prospering  in  business. 
Their  household  is  presided  over  by  their  sister  Eliza,  who  was 
born  Feb.  22,  18C0,  in  Kane  county,  111. 


LEVEK  TOWNSIIllV 

This  i(i\vii.-ui|>  \\;is  (»ri«jinally  H  jiart  of  Kiiidcrliook  township,  l)ut 
in  1^75  till'  citizens  of- the  i.>hiiu]  petitituied  the  liuard  (»t'  Super- 
visors for  the  orj^anization  of  a  separate  township.  This  was 
irranted,  and  i!iclude<l  the  remainder  .»f  tlie  territory  west  to  the 
Alis>i>sij)pi  river.  reservin<^  en(»ni,'h  ttt  make  a  re^nhir  "  Conj^jrcs- 
sional  ttiwnship.''  The  township  was  named  \>y  the  first  Super- 
visor, Mr.  Frank  Lyon,  for  the  levee  across  its  western  portion. 
This  levee  was  constructed  in  ls7'2-4  hy  a  company  organized  for 
tlie  jtnrpose,  in  order  to  ]»revent  the  overflow  of  tlie  fertile  valley 
of  the  iNIissis>i|)pi.  It  is  '>1|  miles  in  leuijth.  In  the  year  ls76 
it  gave  way,  and  the  valley  was  inundated,  and  a  large  amount  of 
proi>erty,  consisting  for  the  m(»st  part  of  crops  and  fences,  was 
destroyed.  People  removed  to  IIaniiil)al,  Mo.,  in  hoats.  The  stock 
was  also  coiiveyeil  away  in  hoats  to  the  Missouri  side.  The  freshet 
in  IS.")!  WHS  the  highest  ever  known  on  the  I'pper  Mississippi  that 
we  have  any   record  of. 

In  some  parts  of  the  county  the  impression  has  gone  fortli  that 
Levee  township  is  a  wilderne>s,  and  that  sickness  prevails  to  a 
great  extent.  In  confutation  of  this  erroneous  charge  we  refer  to 
Mr.  Marcus  Hardy,  the  present  Suj)ervisor  of  this  townshij).  He, 
witii  a  lart^e  familv,  has  resided  here  for  five  vears,  and  has  incurred 
but  a  $.">  doctor  hill  during  this  period.  Some  also  think  that  tjje 
people  here  see  some  hard  times  tinancially,  Itut  he  it  to  the  credit 
of  Levee  township,  that  every  man  nj»on  whom  we  called  in  that 
township  subscribed  t'or  a  copy  of  tlie  Ilistory  of  tlie  County  with- 
out a  munimr.  Indeed,  the  people  of  Levee  townsliij)  are  prosj)er- 
ous,  and  have  the  garden  spot  of  Illinois  for  producing  grain  oi'all 
kinds. 

The  townshii»  contains  three  fine  school  buildings,  two  of  which 
are  on  that  portion  known  as  "The  Islmd,"  whicli  lies  between  the 
Sny  and  the  Mis.>issippi  river.  There  is  a  mawidamized  r<tad  pass- 
ing through  the  township,  owned  and  maintained  l)y  the  Ferry 
Company  at  Hannibal. 

BIOGR.\PIIICAL. 

Marcus  Hardy.  This  gentleman  was  born  and  raised  in  Mis- 
souri; came  to  Pike  county  in  1S75,  an'^  now  has  the  charge  of  the 
farm,  bridge  and  macAdamized  road  belonging  to  the  Ferry  Com- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    t'OLNTY.  869 

paTiy.  He  was  married  in  1SC9  to  Ellen  Ila^'iir,  by  wlioin  he  lias  6 
chiUlreii:  Susan,  Vir-^iuia,  Anna,  Ililera,  William  and  Kmest.  His 
P.  O.  address  is  Hannibal. 

J.  B.  On\  farmer,  sec.  26;  wa8  born  in  Harrison  county,  O., 
Sept.  26,  1833,  and  is  a  son  of  William  Orr,  of  Derry  tp.,  this 
county.  He  was  brouj^ht  to  Pike  county  in  1830  b}'  his  parents; 
served  3  years  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  I),  0:>th  HI.  Hif .  and  jiartici- 
pated  in  the  battles  of  Grand  (iulf,  Ma^Tiolia  Hill  {pv  Port  (iib.son), 
Champion  Hills,  Black  River,  sie<;je  and  capture  of  yicksbur<^,  etc. 
He  was  united  in  marriacje  Aug.  31,  ISo-i,  to  Lydia  A.  Pence,  by 
whom  he  has  had  5  childron,  namely:  Mary  A.,  Herbert  S.,  Jerry 
J.,  deceased,  Theresa  P.,  l"'raucis  M. 

N^oah  S.  Rouse.,  being  an  old  pioneer  in  these  ])art8,  is  entitled 
to  more  than  a  passing  notice  in  Pike  county's  history.  He  settled 
on  sec.  22,  on  what  is  commonlv  known  as  *'The  Islaml,"  in  1847. 
He  is  a  native  of  Madison  county,  Va.,  atid  was  born  July  16, 1819. 
His  father,  Nicholas  Pouse,  was  also  a  native  of  Virginia  and  a 
farmer.  He  removed  to  Keiitucky  with  his  family  when  our  sub- 
ject was  but  7  years  old,  and  remained  there  1(»  years,  and  then 
removed  to  Ralls  county.  Mo.  Here  in  1878  the  elder  Rouse  died. 
Our  subject  was  married  in  1840  to  Miss  Levise  Settle.  The  fol- 
lowing are  the  mimes  of  the  children :  Margaret  A.,  now  Mrs.  Frank 
Leach,  William  AF.,  Robert  A.,  Amanda  E.,  George  N.  and  Emma 
F.,  now  ]\lrs.  Alfred  James.  Mr.  R.  is  engaged  in  farming  and 
stock-raising,  at  which  business  he  has  been  quite  successful. 
When  he  crossed  the  river  in  1847  he  did  not  possess  a  cent,  and 
was  $150  in  debt.  He  did  not  intend  to  remain  here  when  he  first 
came,  ex]ieeting  to  leave  as  soon  as  he  had  fulfilled  a  contract  for 
manufacturing  some  staves.  He  prospered,  made  money  easy,  and 
the  longer  he  staid  the  better  he  liked  the  vallev. 

William  Smiley  was  born  in  Ireland,  April  15,  1801;  in  1821 
lie  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  P^liza  Tophan,  and  to  them 
were  born  12  children,  the  following  6  of  whom  are  living:  Letitia, 
{now  Mrs.  Dennis  Green),  Joseph,  Penjamin,  Ann  (now  Mrs.  John 
Pratt),  David  and  John.  A[r.  Smiley  brought  his  family  to  America 
in  1838,  stop])ed  in  New  York  for  10  weeks,  went  to  New  Orleans, 
soon  after  came  to  Hannibal,  Mo.,  and  remained  there  for  9  years, 
when  he  removed  to  The  Island,  between  the  Sny  and  the  Af  issis- 
sippi,  where  he  still  resides  on  sec.  8,  engaged  in  farming  and 
8tock-raisin<>^.  There  were  but  4  acres  of  land  improved  uj>on  his 
place  when  he  came.  There  were  no  ehurches  or  schools  on  The 
Island,  but  plenty  of  wild  hogs,  deer  and  other  game.  He  has  been 
in  all  the  liigh  waters  since  the  great  freshet  of  1S5I.  During 
these  periods  of  inundation  he  would  convey  his  family  and  stock 
to  the  Missouri  shore. 


CJlAPTKIi  W  II. 

COINTV  UKKICIALS. 

A  list  ut  tilt'  Coiiiity  OlHcers  of  I'ike  county,  past  and  pret-ent, 
presents  an  array  ot"  names,  most  of  which  are  or  have  heen  fainil- 
liir  to  every  resident  of  the  county.  Since  itsor«;anization  in  1821, 
Pike  cttunty  has  ever  been  represented  hy  ahle,  shrewd  and  honest 
otUcials.  .Niany  names  will  he  noticed  in  the  following  list,  under 
the  ilitl'erent  headinL'>,  that  are  familiar  to  the  jteople  of  the  entire 
couhty.  Many  of  these  men,  by  a  life  of  usefulness  and  honor,  have 
won  warm  hikI  allectionate  places  in  tlu'  hearts  of  the  people  of 
I'ike  county.  Many  names  here  are  not  familiar  to  the  present 
•generation,  but  were  almost  household  words  to  the  jtast.  .Many 
of  these  veterans  liave  lon«^  since  ceased  lifuB  labors  and  left  to  the 
remaining  pioneers  and  to  posterity,  as  a  pleasant  souvenir,  a  spot- 
less reputation. 

The  gentlemen  who  at  present  till  the  various  otHcial  positions 
of  this  cctunty,  as  to  ability,  are  inferior  to  none  wlio  have  tilled 
their  respective  positions  Ijetore  them.  They  are  courteous,  cjij)a- 
ble  aiui  faithful  as  «»fHcers,  lionored  and  respected  as  citizens,  and 
enterpriein*;  as  business  men.  To  some  of  the.»e,  e.-p'-cially  the 
County  and  Circuit  Clerks,  we  shall  ever  feel  grateful  for  the  kind 
and  courteous  manner  in  which  they  treated  us  all  durin/' our  labors 
in  their  ollices  durini;  the  compilation  of  this  w-irk.  'J  hey,  as  all 
the  others,  evinced  an  interest  in  the  work,  and  were  ever  ready  and 
willing  to  give  the  information  and  leml  that  aid  which  are  so  nec- 
essary in  gathering  and  arratiging  a  full  record  of  the  county's 
history. 

Below  we  give  as  full  and  complete  a  list  of  all  the  ofhcers,  with 
tlie  years  of  serving,  as  it  was  possible  to  obtain.  In  most  cases 
the  figures  after  the  dasli  signify  the  year  into  which  the  officer 
served.  In  some  instances,  however,  they  only  served  to  the  be- 
ginning of  the  year  denoted. 


HISTORY    OF    IMKE    COUN'n", 


871 


rOlNTY   (.X>M  MISSION  ERR. 


Leonard  Ross 

John  Shaw 

Williiiiii  Ward 

David  Dutton 

James  M.  Seeley .- 

Ossian  >I.  Hdss ) 

Amos  Bancroft* 

Ebeni-zcr  Smith J 

James  Nixon [- 

William  Metz ) 

Levi  lladluy j 

Rufus  Brown > 

James  M.  Seeley ) 

James  M.  Seeley j 

Garrett  Vandeusen [- 

Thomas  Proctor ) 

Nathaniel  Hinckley 

Josei)h  W.  Petty   ) 

Thomas  Christian |- 

Ozias  Hale ) 

Benjamin  Barney i 

Andrew  Phillijis ^ 

Charles  Stratton ) 


•  1821 

L 


1823-3 
1823 

1824 


-  I82.i 


1826 

1H27 
1828  to 

Sept. 

1M;{(). 
1880   to 

Sept. 

18:«. 


*To  fill  vacancy  made  by  resignation 


Benjamin  Barney ) 

Geo.  W.  Ilinman '- 

Hawkins  Judd \ 

Benjamin  Barney i 

(iei).  \V,   Hinnian - 

Andrew  Phillips   \ 

James  I).  .Moirison j 

Richard  Wade ' 

Fisher  Petty 

Alfred  Gruhb 

John  W.  Hiirch 

John   Neeley \ 

Alexander  Starne 

William  Blair 

John  Neeley 

Clement  Lippincott 

Thomas  Bates 

Charles  Stratton 

Bonaparte  (Jreathouse 

J.  M.  Blackerby 

Wm.  McCormick 

Joshua  Woosley , 

Ilenrv  H-  Ramsey 

J.  D.'Philbrick 

of  O.  M.  Ross. 


1832  to 

Sept. 

18;{4. 
1834  to 

Sept. 

18:»6. 
18:i6  to 

Sept. 

1838. 

1-1838 


1M39 
1H40 
1841 
1842 
1842 
1«43 
1H44 
1844 
1845 
1846 
1847 
1848 


COUNTY  JUDGES. 


Abraham  Beck 182 1 

Nicholas  Hanson 1821-22 

William  Ro.ss 1823 

George  W.  Hagar 182.1-27 

Wm.  Ro.ss 1827-:34 

M.  E.  Rattan 1835-37 

William  Watson 1837 

Daniel  B.  Bush 1838 

Parvin  Paullin 183!»-43 

J.  B.  Donaldson 1843-47 


James  Ward 1847 

WmP.  Harpole y 

Joshua  Woosley V  1840 

Associate  Judges.      ) 

Charles  Harrington 18."")3-57 

Alfred  Grubb lK.-)7-6l 

John  W.  Allen   lH(;i-«5 

R.  M.  Atkinson lbG5-73 

Strother  Grigsby 1873 


CIRCUIT  CLERKS. 


James  W.  Whitnev 1821-25 

George  W.  Hight.' 1825-27 

William  Ross 1827-^5 

James  Davis     1835 

John  J.  Turnbaugh  1835-43 

P.  N.  O.  Thomson. . .   . ; 1843-.')2 

James Kenney  1852-56 


Wm.  R.  Archer iS-lfi-^iO 

George  W.  Jones lH(;0-(i4 

J.  H.  Crane 18(i4-<« 

J.  J.  ToplilT lS<iS-72 

J.  A.  Rider 1872-76 

George  W-  Jones 1876 


COUNTY   CLERKS. 


James  W.  Whitney 1821 

George  W.  Britton 182.1-26 

William  Ross 1826-34 

James  Davis 1H34-36 

Asa  D.  Cooper 1836 

James  Davis 1837-38 

Wm.  H.  Boling 1838-43 

Henry  T.  Mudd 1843-47 


John  J.  Collard 1847-49 

Peter  V.  Shankland 1849^3 

Austin  Barber 1853-r)7 

Strother  Grigsby 18.')7-61 

William  Steers 1861-69 

Wm.  B.  Grimes 186!t-73 

J.  L.  Frye 1873-77 

E.  F.  Binns 1877 


872 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY, 


COUNTY   THEASIREUS. 


N  111  hail  icl  Hi  lick  Icy 1822 

Ltoimrd  lioss 1H23 

Hniry  J.  Ross 1H24 

N.illmiiicl  Shiiw IH^Tj 

John  K(.8s 1H27-2S» 

Isaac  Vandfvoiiter 1821>-30 

.loliii  Barney 18:U-37 

John  Hritton 18;J8 

J(.iu-s  CMark IKW^a 

William  Watson 1H4H-I7 

Hainucl  L.  Crane 1847-49 

Charles  Mason 184U 


Samuel  L.  Crane 1850 

Jones  Clark 1850 

Wiiliain  T    Harper 1851 -^W 

Sln)ther  (Jrijrshy lK53-«53 

U.  A.  McClint<x;k 18«3-tJ5 

David  S.  Hill 18(i5-67 

L.  J.  Sniitherniau 18ti7-71 

Thomas  Cray 1871-73 

I)    Hollis 1873-75 

Thomas  Reynolds 1H75-77 

R   M.  Murray 1877  79 

n  W.  Kliiin 1879 


811  EH  I KKS. 


Ri^don  C.  Fenton 1821 

Le<mard  Ross. .  ^ 1822-27 


Leonard  Ross 1827-29 

James  M  S«'eley 1M29-32 

Nathaniel   Hinckley I'-:;,'  34 

James   M.  Seeley 1n;{4-40 

Alfr«Tl(Jrulih 1840 

K|ihraim  Cannon 1K42 

I)    1)    Hi.ks l»<4fl-50 

St<  phen  R  (Jray I'-.n 

U.  W.  McCliulock l-.r: 


OeorRe  T.  Edwards 1K54 

Wilson  8.  Dennis 185« 

John  Houston 18.5S 

Perry  H.  Davis lMt;2 

J.  H    I.andrum IMiU 

W.  <;    Huhbanl IHOli 

J    J.  Manker 18(W 

Joseph  McFarlaml 1870 

Au::ii8iu-i  Simpkins 1H74 

O    W.  Blades  1K70 

ThiHxlore  Kellogg 1878 


HCnOOL   tX)MMIHMUNKK)*. 


Jos.  ph  H.  (loodin 1832 

Lvnian  Scott 1KJ3 

I)'  H   Bu-.h 1H41 

T.  (J.  Trumbull 1845 

James  K.  Hyde   1849 


M.  H.  AbV>ott 1851 

John  D. 'Iliomson 1853 

Joseph  J.  Topliir , 1859 

J    G.IVtlingill 1861 


COUNTY  SCHOOL  SfrEUINTENDENTS. 


J.  (;    I'.uiniiill 1865 

John  N.  Drwell 1809 


J.  W.Johnson 1873 

Wm   H  Crow 1877 


SUHVKYOIW. 


Stephen  Dewey l»<21-24 

Jamrs  W.  Whitney '  -^    I 

Charles  RolLnk l-.;i 

David  Johnston 1H35-39 

Jos«  ph  (.fcxnlin 18JJ9 

David  John^ton 1841-19 


James  H.  Fcr>rti»on  1849 

A.  <;.  (  hainlH-rlttin 1853 

H.  1'.  Bu.hanan 1857 

John  A.  Harvey 18-59 

Hiram  J    Harris 18<W 

Ihuac  A.  tlare 1875 


COR0NEU8. 


Daniel  Whipple .  .  .  1>^JJ 

Israel  N.  Burt 1832 

BeDJ.  K.  Dunning 1834 

Stephen  St.  John 18;W 

James  Brown 1842 

('  H.Brown 1844 

Cyru^  B.  Hull IsiC 

Kdward  Connet 1^50 

R.  S   l■nder^voo«l 1S52 

Samuel  Sitton 1H54 


William  lienn 18.50 

H.  St.  John 1857 

L«-wis  K.  Hayden 1858 

G.  W   Mollinix 1800 

Eli  Karris 18<i2 

Sherman  Brown 1868 

Martin  Camp   1872 

Martin   V.  Sbive 1874 

A.  C.  Peebles 187(1 

Fred  Oltowa 1879 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

POLITICAL. 

During  the  first  few  vears  of  the  coniitv's  historv  ])artv  lines  in 
politics  were  not  drawn  nor  conventions  held,  and  no  ori^^ani/ccd 
mode  of  placing  candidates  in  thetieUl  adopted.  The  first  p«ditical 
meeting  ever  lield  in  Pike  county  was  at  Montezuma  in  LS34. 
This  meeting  was  conducted  by  Win.  Ross  and  Benj.  Harney;  the 
former  was  running  for  the  Legislature,  and  the  latter  for  County 
Conimissioner.  There  were  ])erhaps  oU  voters  present,  besides 
some  boys.  Col.  Ross  made  a  speech,  but  no  announcements  or 
ap])ointments  were  made  for  future  meetings,  and  we  presume  none 
were  ever  held.  Col.  Barney  was  attacked  for  being  a  Universalist, 
and  was  told  by  one  man  that  he  would  not  vote  for  him  on  that 
ground. 

The  first  political  convention  where  nominations  were  made  for 
office  was  held  at  Pittsfield  in  1836,  when  the  main  issue  was 
"Jackson  "'  and  "anti-Jackson,"  referring  to  the  policy  of  the  late 
President.  There  were  five  candidates  in  the  field  that  year,  one 
Democrat, — Martin  Van  Buren,  and  four  Whigs — AV.  II.  Ilarri- 
son,  Hugh  L.  White,  Daniel  Webster  and  Willie  P.  Mangum. 
After  that  period  political  conventions  were  regularly  held  i)y  all 
parties,  and  men  were  brought  out  in  that  way  to  run  for  a  particu- 
lar office. 

When  Pike  county  was  first  laid  off  it  will  be  remembered  that 
it  embraced  the  vast  region  lying  between  the  Mississippi  and  Illi- 
nois rivers,  extending  east  to  the  Indiana  line,  and  north  to  the 
Wisconsin  State  line.  The  few  settlers  scattered  here  and  there 
over  this  large  territory  had  to  travel  long  distances  to  cast  tlieir 
ballot.  At  the  first  election  in  the  county  only  35  votes  were 
polled,  evea  though  it  did  extend  over  the  entire  northern  part  of 
the  State,  and  out  of  which  over  50  counties  have  since  been  made. 

As  before  remarked  jiarty  lines  were  scarcely  recognized,  yet  an 
antagonism  existed  between  the  settlers  of  one  section  against  an- 
other, and  particularly  against  the  Rosses  and  some  of  tlie  |>eu|>le. 
The  several  members  of  this  family  were  from  New  York,  and  full 
of  enterprise,  and  desired  to  push  the  new  county  on  to  prosperity. 
They  wielded  great  influence,  and  wore  almost  always  in  some  public 
positioji.  Naturally,  as  a  result,  they  receive<l  the  censure  and  an- 
tagonism of  many  of  the  numerous  Soutliern  settlers. 


874  HISTORY    OF    PIKK    <<)UN'TY. 

Dtiriii*^  the  earliest  elections  it  will  be  noticed  in  the  returns 
t^ivcn  helow  that  tlie  Whi^^s  carried  the  day  without  difficulty. 
Soon,  when  the  two  great  )»arties  were  more  evenly  represented 
liere,  the  contests  tor  j)c)litical  supremacy  sharpened,  until  the  old 
Whii^  party  was  completely  dethroned,  and  tlie  Democrats  were 
for  years,  indee<l  until  recently,  easy  victors. 

In  1834  and  1>3»;  the  Democrats  elected  lion.  Win.  L.  May  to 
Congress,  in  this,  then.  Third  District.  In  ls;}S  and  1841  the 
Whigs  elected  lion.  John  T.  Stewart,  although  Douglas  received  a 
majority  of  04  in  this  county  during  the  former  year,  and  Ralston 
'S{\  over  Stewart  at  the  election  of  ls41.  Stewart  defeated  Douglas 
in  the  <listiict  by  only  17  votes.  From  that  time  on  the  Democrats 
were  able  generally  by  good  management  to  carry  this  county  in 
general  and  local  clecticjns,  with  majorities  ranging  from  12  to  2,000. 
S<.)metimes  the  majority  was  vt-rv  small,  and  occasionally  a  Dem- 
ocratic candidate  was  beaten.  This  sUite  of  thint's  continued  for 
several  years,  the  Democratic  majorities  gradually  increasing  as  the 
feeling  became  more  and  more  antagtmistic  among  the  |)eople  on 
the  subject  of  slavery.  In  those  days  Illinois  was  always  Demo- 
cratic, aided  very  materially  by  Pike's  votes.  In  ls4o  the  Whigs 
CJirried  the  county  by  a  small  majority,  owing  to  the  fact,  however, 
that  every  Mormon  in  the  county,  and  they  were  numerous,  voted 
for  Harrison. 

In  1S54  came  the  time  to  try  men's  jtolitical  souls.  The  com- 
promise between  the  two  jtarties  in  Congress  tliat  year,  in  which  it 
was  agreed  not  to  introduce  any  more  diBCussion  on  tlie  slavery 
(juestion,  and  to  ignore  the  subject,  gave  dissatisfaction  to  many 
]>eople  of  both  j)arties.  Their  attachment  to  party  began  to  loosen, 
ainl  there  was  uneasiness  on  all  sides.  A  feeling  that  there  was 
approaching  a  breaking  of  political  ranks  and  rallying  on  new 
issues,  and  under  new  leaders,  betran  to  pervade  the  people  of  Pike 
county,  lion.  A.  Williams,  Kepubliean  candidate  for  Congress, 
received  a  majority  of  10()  over  Hon.  W.  A.  Kicliardson,  Demo- 
cratic candidate,  and  Hon.  II.  K.  Sutpliin,  Democratic  candidate 
for  State  Senator,  received  but  one  more  ballot  in  Pike  county  than 
did  Hon.  N.  M.  Knapp,  Republican. 

Properly  speiking,  we  think  the  people  of  this  county  have 
never  lx;en  jxditical  Abolitionists.  They  were  never  in  favor  of 
disturbing  the  constitutional  rights  of  the  |>eople  of  the  South,  nor 
of  clandestinely  assisting  their  slaves  to  escape.  They  were  op- 
posed to  the  violent  and  premature  commotion  that  occasionally 
broke  out  on  the  subject,  hoping  that  some  peacet'ul  and  legal  way 
out  of  the  difficulty  might  be  found.  J3ut  when  the  direct  (juestion 
of  introducing  slavery  .iito  the  more  northern  and  free  territories, 
either  by  law,  by  indifference  or  by  violence,  was  broached,  the  people 
of  this  county  were  sharply  divided.  In  ls56,  on  theissueof  allow- 
ing or  preventing  slavery  in  Nebraska,  Kansas  and  indefinitely  West, 
a  large  vote  was  called  out,  and  James  Buchanan  received  a  larger 
inaioritv  than  anv  candidate  ever  before  in  Pike  countv. 


HISTORY    OF    riKE    COUNTY 


875 


On  the  death  of  the  old  Wliig  party  about  tliis  time  (1856)  there 
sprano;  up  two  parties,  neither  of  which  could  really  claim  to  possess 
any  of  the  vital  principles  that  tjave  power  to  the  old  party.  The 
American  ]tarty,  l)oIievin^  the  country  in  danger  by  the  inHux  of 
forei<^ners  and  the  alanniiii^  (growth  of  the  lloman  Catholic  jiower, 
embhuoned  oti  their  banners,  ''Americans  must  rule  America  ;" 
"  Put  none  but  Americans  on  truard."  Republicans  ])leaded  for 
"Equal  rii^hts  to  all;"  ''Free  press  and  free  speech."  The  Ameri- 
Ciin  jiarty  made  very  rapid  <;rowth  in  many  States,  particularly  in 
ti.e  South,  while  the  lu])ublican  ])arty  secured  a  foothold  onl}'  in 
the  North,  its  principles  l)eing  deemed  antaf]fonistic  to  some  of 
the  ])eculiar  institutions  of  the  South.  In  1856  we  find  both  of 
these  parties  in  this  county  in  considerable  numbers,  each  strivinoj 
for  power,  and  both  battlini^  a«^ai!ist  a  common  enemy,  the  Demo- 
cratic party.  This  largely  accounts  for  the  heavy  majority  of  Bu- 
chanan, as  Fremont,  the  Republican  candidate,  and  Fillmore,  the 
American  candidate,  each  received  about  an  equal  number  of  votes 
here.  An  alliance,  lu)wever,  was  formed  between  them  for  the 
purpose  of  electing  local  officers. 

No  other  Republican  succeeded  in  being  elected  to  office  in  this 
county  until  Judo^e  Grigsby  a])peared  as  a  candidate.  lie  was 
elected  by  a  majority  of  78.  County  Clerk  Binns,  however,  who 
is  a  Democrat,  was  elected  the  same  year  by  666  majority.  This 
is  owing  largely  to  the  personal  popularity  of  the  two  gentlemen. 
In  1878  Sheriff  Kellogg,  a  Republican,  was  elected. 

It  is  not  in  the  province  of  this  work  to  enter  into  a  minute  de- 
tailed histor}'  of  the  political  workings  of  the  different  parties  of 
this  county.  To  unfold  the  secrets  of  the  caucus,  the  manipula- 
tions of  the  party  rings  and  cli(iues,  and  all  the  inside  history  of 
county  politics,  belongs  to  another  work.  Oidy  those  who  have 
taken  an  active  i>art  in  j)olitics  here  are  capable  of  performing  such 
a  task.     That  such  a  work  would  be  interesting  none  will  doubt. 

Below  are  given  the  returns  of  every  election  ever  held  in  Pike 
county,  of  which  any  records  are  extant. 


ELECTION  RETURNS. 


ELECTION  AUG.  4,  1828. 
CongrenK. 

Joseph  Duncan,  whig 107  4 

George  Forquier 103 

SPECIAL  ELECTION  MAK.  7,  1831. 

S/cenff. 
James  M.  Seeley,  whig 117      117 

ELECTION  AUG.  1,  1831. 

Conijresa. 

Joseph  Dunean,  whig 137        22 

Edward  Cole;*,  whig 137 

Sidney  Breese,  dem 115 


ELECTION  Aug.  6.  1833. 

Congress. 

Josejih  Duncan,  whig 327 

Jonatiiiui    H.  Tugh. 'JO 

St^nator. 
Aiciiilialil  Williams,  whig..  .110 
Ilniry  .1.  Huss,  whig 21)2 

Jit'prcsentative. 

Peter  Ivarges,  whig 313 

Thomas  Proctor,  dem '274 

County  CommiSHionrrH. 

George  W.  Ilinman 2(51 

Benjamin  Barney,  whig 350 

H.  .Judd,  whig 24» 


i^il 


183 


39 


h70 


HISTORY    OK   PIKK    COUNTY. 


Josopli  W.  Piily,  ilcm H!) 

Joseph  .latkson '2'-\ 

A^iulnw  McAttu 4(5 

Shtrijf'. 

Niitluiuiel  Ilinckh-y 13         1:1 

Corontr. 

Isni.l  N.  Burt 311      314 

ELECTION  NOV.  9.  1832. 

J'rftident. 

.\ih1h-w  JiicksdD 101         30 

iliuiy  Clay 131 

ELECTION  AUG.  4.  1834. 

f'(>nyre*t. 

BiDJamin  Mills 300        85 

Wm.  L.  May 215 

licpretentatires. 

Will.  Uo88,  wliig 044 

Will.  (J.  FI..0.1 09 

JaincH  II.  UalsUui,  ilem ri.'i 

Thomas  IL  ()\vi'n» 521    * 

(ioternor. 

Joseph   Duncan 499      'M\ 

Wui.  Kinney 158 

Count  1/  CommtH$ionfr$. 

B<'njaniin  Harncv,  wliijr 407 

Goor;:e  \V.  Hinmaii 324 

John  \V.  Uurch,  wlii^ 275 

Andrew   I'liillips,  tleni 2.H0 

Uobert    K.lls 150 

Joseph  11.   (t.HMlIn IHl 

Hawkins  Judd,  wlijg 150 

Janus  KarrinjrloD ,..117 

Nebuzaradau  Coffey,  whij;. .   40 

Sheriff. 

J ames  M .  Sceley,  whig 545      420 

Israel  N.  Burt 110 

Corontr. 

Benjamin  K.  Dunniwav.  dcm.:J34       1 19 
Klisha  W.  Hi.  kerson.  Whig.  .215 

Location  of  State  Capitiil. 

Alton 490       130 

Sprini^fuld 00 

Jaeksonville 2i 

Geoirniphioal  Center 03 

Peoria 4 

VimdalJa 2 

SPECIAL  ELECTION  OCT.  27,  1834. 

Conffretf. 

Wm.  L.  Mav,  dem 125        11 

Benj.  Mills." 114 

ELECTION  AUG.  3.  1835. 

liirorder. 

Jno.  J.  Turnbaugh,  dem 309        02 

David  Sceley 247 


Jolin  Lystor,  dem 172 

Francis  Webster 25 

M<ises  Higgs 13 

Surteyor. 

David  Johnston,  whig 281        90 

Jose|»h  II.  (Joodin 191 

Sojiiinon    Farrinirlon i;i5 

Joseph  W.  Biiriiev 110 

Charles   Pollock.' 148 

ELECTION   AUG.   1,  1830. 

Conyrefm. 

Wm.  L.  May,  dem 512       104 

John  T.  Stewart,  whig 348 

Srmitor. 

Win.  Hoss.  whig VM       110 

Merrill  K.  Uattan,  whig 375 

lUprtt'tittiititen. 

Alpheus  Wlieeler,  dem 513 

Parvin  Paullin,  dmi 403 

Thomas  Pnxtor,  dem 270 

John  W.  Burch,  whig 294 

Daniel  B.  Bubii.  dem 157 

Charles  Scott 183 

County  CommtBiionrrg. 
James  I).  Morrison,  dem  ...480 

Fish<T  Pfttv.  dem ■Kil 

Klisha    .Mcfcvars 340 

Isaac  Davii 338 

Charles  Straltnn.  wliig 2<i7 

Edward  B.  .S<Mioll 139 

Clement  I.i|>pincott,  d«'m. .  .   20!l 

James  Talbrrt 110 

Richard  Wade,  whig 375 

Sheriff. 

James  M.  Seeley,  whig 505      224 

John  Lyster,  dem 341 

( 'oriiuer. 

Benj.  C.  Dunniway,  dem 40<5       130 

Alfr.-d  Grubb 270 

K   W.  Hickerson 41 

Comilins  Jones 02 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1830. 

Prenident. 

Martin  Van  Buren,  dem 300        35 

William  II.  Harrison 331 

ELECTION  AUG.  0,  1838. 

Congreiiit. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas,  dem 857        94 

John  T.  Stewait,  whig 703 

Governor. 

Thomas  Carlin,  dem 805      118 

Cyrus  Edwards 747 

State  Senator. 

Wm.  Ross,  whig 822        93 

Alpheus  Wheeler,  dem 729 


^9^  "4^1 


/.^j^n^. 


'^^al/^.i-^Cy.  '^4/t/^^ 


PLEASANT  VALE     Tr 


HISTORY    (»K    riKE   COUNri'. 


879 


liepreKentntiris. 

Hiciiard  Kerr,  wliisr 803 

Pi'ter  lv:irgt's.  wiiig 751 

Parviu  Paullin,  dem 7!>(5 

James  II.  McWilliiuns,  d('m.847 

County  (.'■uniiiiKHioiK  rs. 

ElisliH  McEvers 683 

Nicholas  IIo1)l)s,  whig (Jbl 

John  \V.  Burch 708       ' 

Alfred  (irubb,  dem 810 

( "harles  Scott 7:54 

John  Neeley,  dem 800 

S/ierif. 

James  M.  Seeley,  whig 817        43 

James  D.  Brentz 774 

Coroiit'i'. 

Joseph  Jackson,  whig 704 

Stephen  St.  John,  denu 704        60 

Count//  Clerk. 

Wm.  H.  Bolin,  dcni 480       103 

O/.ias  M.  Hatch,  whig 383 

ELECTION  AUG.  5,  1839. 

County  Commissioner. 

Alex.  Starne 496  3 

James  Walker 493 

Recorder. 

John  J.  TurubaUgh,  dem...  .1132      928 

Wm.  Porter 204 

Henry  Taylor,  dem 82 

County  Clerl:. 

AVm.  II.  Bolin.  dem 1179      9a5 

James  Daigh,  whig 194 

Probate  Justice. 

Parvin  Paullin,  dem 741       155 

Daniel  B.  Bush,  dem 586 

Treasurer. 

James  Clark,  dem 713       162 

Robert  R.  Greene 551 

SPECIAL  ELECTION  NOV.  25,  1839. 
Rcprexintatircs. 

Oscar  Love,  dem 206 

R.  Hatch 9 

R.  A.  Read 6 

eter  Karges 5 

ELECTION  AUG.  3,  1840. 
Jit'presentatives. 

Solomon  Parsons,  dem 1103 

Alpheus  Wheeler,  dem 1092 

Wm.  A.  Grimshaw,  whig..  .1016 

Peter  Karges,  whig 1001 

Couii ty  Comm issionsr. 

Wm.  Blair,  dem 1118      130 

Samuel  H.  Nesmith,  whig..  988 
60 


Sheriff. 

Alfred  (Irubb,  dem 1108       114 

Isaac  W.  Evans,  whig !»}»4 

('ttroner. 

Stcpiien  St.  J(»hn,  dem 1100      131 

Joseph  Jackson !)69 

ELECTION  NOV.  2.  1840. 
President. 

W.  il.  Harrison 1149       112 

Marlin  VanBuren 1037 

ELECTION  AUG.  2.  1841. 

Conyrexs. 

James  H.  Ralston,  dem 791        36 

John  T.  Stuart,  whig 755 

Vmiuty  Coininissivners. 

John  Neeley,  dem 714      409 

James  I).  Brentz,  dim 305 

Robert  Davis,  whig 327 

ScJuiol  Commissioner. 

Daniel  B.  Bush,  dem 813      552 

Z.  N.  Garbutt,  whig 261 

ELECTION  AUG.  1,  1842. 

Jiovernor. 

Thomiis  Ford,  dem 1085        12 

Joseph  Duncan,  whig 1073 

State  .'Senator. 

Thomas  Worlhington,  whig.  1065        53 
Wm.  R.  Archer,  dem 1012 

Jtepreseiitatioes. 

Wm.  Blair,  dem 1187 

Alex.  Starne,  dem 10*5 

Felix  A.  Coliard.dem 8.>5 

Benjamin  1).  Brown,  whig..  1148 

Benj.  B.  Met/.,  whig 1056 

Johii  Troutuer 835 

County  Commissioners. 

C.  LippincotI,  dem 1038 

Thomas  Bates,  whit: 1001 

Charles  St  ration,  whig 998 

James  Shinn,  dem 723 

John  Shinn,  dem 192 

Shrriff. 

Ephraim  Cannon,  dem 1179      445 

George  T.  Edwards,  whig.. .   734 

Coroner. 

E.  W.  Hickerson.  whig 910 

James  Brown,  dem 1058       148 

Surveyor. 

David  Johnston.  whi<r 1266      596 

James  B.  John.son 670 

Convention  to  Amen  I  Constitution  . 

For 120.5      708 

Against 497 


880 


HISTORY  OF  PIKE  COUNTY. 


ELECTION  AUG.  7.  1843. 
Couyremt. 

O.  H.  Browning,  whig 1391       162 

Stephen  A.  Dougliw,  dem..  .1221) 

Cuunfy  ( 'iiutmiHHioiur*. 

Charles  Stratton,  wliig 1181 

Tli()inii8  Bates,  wliig 12S0 

Wm.  Morrison,  deia 11  IT) 

C  Lippincott,  dem  1 13!) 

Connti/  Chrk. 

Henrv  T.  Miuld.  whig 1308       177 

Wm.H.  Bolin,  dem 1131 

litronlfr. 
P.  N.  O.  Thompson,  dom  . . .  1219        77 

Charh-s  A.  Marsh,  whig 1142 

I'robiitf  Judge. 

J.  B.  Dtmaldson 1414      437 

Alfred  Oonlon,  whig. »77 

TretiHiiri  r  itrul  Anfimitr. 

Wni.  Watson,  whig 1267      2S0 

Edward  Keau.  tiem 987 

Surcfyor. 

David  JohnHton,  whig i;W7      357 

James  II.  Fergiistm,  dem . . .  IttJO 

Si-ff  'id  ( 'iti/i III i$siouer. 

Aaron  W.  B<ini.'*9,  dem 1201       164 

Z.  N.  Oarbutt,  whig 1087 

SPECIAL  ELECTION  FEB.  19,  1844. 

( \>u II ty  Com m  ii»ioner». 
N.  B.  Groathou.si'.  whig 477 

C.  C.  liraven.  whig 174 

John  Lystir.  tlmi 50 

Janus  iJrmiz.  ik-m 208 

ELECTION  AUG    .V  1844. 
('onfir«*s 

D.  M.  Woodson,  whii: 1322 

8.  A.  Dmigla.'*,  d«-m.. 1396         74 

R.  Ellis,  free  soiler Ti 

B.  B  Met/,  whig 132.S 

I).  II   (Jilnur 12«J(J 

A.  C.  Bak.^.  whig V2i^ 

Alex   Starni'.  deni 1341 

W.  Blair,  dem 1340 

D.  Wh(«Iock 1225 

J.  Benlan 50 

Com  uty  Com  m  i»*ioner. 

N.  B.  Gr vathouse.  whig 1273 

J.  N.  Blac  kerby,  dem     ....  i:«5        62 

Sfteriff. 

Ei)hraiin  Cannon,  dem 1410       190 

B.  U.  Brown,  whig 122«j 

Coroner. 

C.  II.  Brown 1277 

J.  Brown 1330        53 


ELECTION   NOV.  4,  1844. 

President. 

James  K.  Polk,  dem 1456        45 

Henry  ('lav,  whig 1411 

James  G.  Birney.  tree  soiler.     11 

ELECTION  AUG.  4.  1845. 

County  CommtHHtoner. 

Wm   McCormiek,  dem 030      335 

James  Me  Williams,  whig. .  605 

School  Comini»sioner. 

T.  G.  Truiiibull,  dem 841       234 

James  F.  Hyde.  whig.      . .  .  607 

ELECTION  AUG.  3,  1846. 

Confiretit. 

8.  A.  DongI  18,  dem 1039      2iJ6 

Isaac  Vandeventer,  whig...  1403 
(iovi-rnor. 

Augustus  C.  Freneh,  dem.  .1636      229 

Thomaj*  L.  Kilpatrick 1407 

State  Senator. 

Iluirh  L.  Sutnhin.  dem 1601       203 

Thos.  Worthington.  whig. .    1398 

ReprmnitativeB. 

Thomiw  Hull,  whig 1358 

Jon.  Frve.  whig 1374 

B.  B.  M'.lz,  whig 1416 

Alfred  (;rubb.  dem 15(!3 

James  M.  Higgins.  dem. . .   1567 
Wm.  P.  Ilarpole.  dem 1559 

( 'I'U uty  Coin m ittioner. 

Joshua  Woosley.  dem l.'»3'.»       142 

Wm.  Dustin.  whig 1397 

Sheriff. 

1).  D.  Hicks,  dem 1540       164 

Robert  F.  Nay  lor.  whig. . .   1376 
Coroner. 

Cvrus  B.  Hnll.  dem 1564       1H!» 

Ilazen  Pressy,  whig 1375 

ELECTION  APRIL  19,  1847. 
Con»titutiijiial  Convention. 

Montgomerj'  Blair,  dem. . .  999 

Wm.  R.  Archer,  dem 958 

Hancv  Dunn,  dem 924 

Wni.  A.  Grimshaw,  whig. .  887 

II.  N    V.  Holme.s  dem 812 

John  Barney,  whig 786 

Charles  Harrinu'ton,  whig.  741 

Pan'in  Paullin,  dem <i80 

N.  E.  Quinbv.  dem 208 

I).  B.  Bu>h,  dem 243 

The  first  four  were  elected. 

ELECTION  AUG.  2,  1847. 

Congress. 
Wm.  A.  Richardson,  dem.   1582     1348 
N.  G.  Wilcox,  whig 234 


HISTORY    OK    PIKK    COUNTY. 


881 


Prohiite  Judge. 

James  Ward,  dc-in   1317         94 

D.  11.  GilnuT,  whig 1223 

County  Commissioner. 
Henry  It.  Ramsey,  dem...   2520 
County  CU'rk. 

John  J.  Collard,  dem 1.332        37 

O.  M.  Hatch,  whig 1295 

Hccorder. 
P.  N.  O.  Thomson,  dem.  . .   1379       161 
Marshall  \V.  Harney,  whig.  1218 

J'reasurer  and  Axxissor. 

Samuel  L.Crane,  dem 1649      768 

James  F.  Hyde,  whig 881 

Surveyor. 

David  Johnston,  whig 1414     1329 

Philip  Stoner,  dem 85 

Srhodl  Ci'mmi-tsioncr. 

T.  G.  Trumbull,  dem 1295        77 

Michael  J.  Noyes,  whig. . .   1218 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1848. 

Prciident. 

Zachary  Taylor,  whig 1401 

Lewis  Cass,  dem 1633      232 

Maitin  Van  Buren,  free-soil     186 

ELECTION  NOV.  6,  1849. 
County  Judge. 

James  Ward,  dem 1392        68 

Richard  Kerr,  whig 1324 

Associate  Justices. 

Joshua  Woosley,  dem 1380 

Wm.  P.  Harpolc,  dem 1370 

B.  B.  Mctz,  wliig 1327 

John  Barney,  whig 1354 

Treasurer  and  Assessor. 

Charles  Mason,  dem 1439      184 

Wm.  Kinman,  whig 1255 

County  Clerk. 
Peter  V.  Shaukland,  dem.  .    1407        09 
Austin  Barber,  whig 1338 

Surveyor. 

James  H.  Ferguson,  dem. .  1383        47 
David  Johnston,  whig 1336 

School  Com m  issioner. 

James  F.  Hyde,  whig 1430      176 

John  L.  Ball,  dim 1254 

Townsfiip  Organization. 

For 1563     1246 

Against 317 

ELECTION  NOV.  5,  1850. 

Congress. 

O.  H.  Browning,  whig 1064 

Wm.  A.  Richardson,  dem..   1131        67 


State  Senator. 

John  Wood,  whig 1029 

Calvin  Warren,  dim 1126 

liepresentativet. 

Ozias  M.  Hutch,  whig 1109 

Wni.  I).  Hamilton,  whig...    1086 

James  iShinii,  dem 9«3 

Daniel  B.  Bush,  dem 866 

Sheriff. 
Stephen  It.  Gray,  ind.  dem.  1237 
Cyrus  B.  Hull,  dem 854 

Coroner. 
Edward  Connet,  ind.  dem..   1298 
Samuel  L.  Crane,  dem 798 

ELECTION  NOV.  4,  1851. 

Treasurer. 

Wm.  F.  Hooper,  dem 827 

James  F.  Hyde,  whig 674 

Jones  Clark,  dem 234 

Surveyor. 

James  H.  Ferguson,  dem . .     836 

David  John.ston,  whig 803 

A.  G.  Chamberlain,  whig. .     121 

School  Commissioner. 
Milton  H.  Abbott,  dem... .     875 
Reuben  H.  Bcanland,  whig    865 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  1852. 

President. 

Franklin  Pierce,  dem 1676 

.Winfield  Scott,  whig 1575 

Congress. 

O.  H.  Browning,  whig 1()80 

Wm.  A.  Richardson,  dem..   1605 

Governor. 

Edwin  B.  Webb,  whig 1690 

Joel  A.  Matteson,  dem 1686 

Representatives. 

O.  M.  Hatch,  whig KIOG 

Wm.  B.  Hamilton, whig...  1585 

H.  L.  Sutphin,  dem IfiOl 

H.  P.  Buchanan I,'ib8 

State's  Attorney. 
Daniel  II.  Gilmer,  whii:...  2421 
John  .S.  Bailey,  dim 1473 

Circuit  Clerk: 
James  A.  Kenney,  wliig. . .  .   1627 
Joseph  M.  Bu.sh.dem.. 1568 

County  Clerk, 

Jolui  J.  Collard,  dem. 1(122 

Austin  Barber,  whig.      ...   VSl 

Coroner. 

Samuel  O.  Sitton,  whig.  ...    161] 
R  S.  Underwood,  dem 1675 


383 


500 


153 


33 


10 


101 


(O 


94« 


51/ 


61 


64 


882 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUiNTV. 


N.  M.  Kiiapp,  rf|>. 
H.  L.  Sutphiii,  tlei 


Sheriff. 

Elisbii  Hurt,  whij: 14% 

Harvy  W.  McClintoik.dcm  1588        87 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1853. 

Ciiiiiiti/  J  iidi/r. 

Charles  Ilarriiijjtim,  whijj.    1'2'22        41 
Kirhard  M.  Atkinson,  di-m   1181 
Ciuntii  C'lirk. 

Austin    Barber,  whig i;U7        ;il 

John  J.  CoUar.l,  dem 1280 

( '() II n ty  7 'rtii » it rtr. 

Hirolher  Grigsby,  wliig 1289  7 

Wm.  F.  Hooper,  dem 1283 

School  ('iimini»»i<tner. 

Milton  H.  Abbott,  dem 12;{7 

John  1).  Thomson,  whie. . .   1295        58 

Sxrvfyor- 
James  U.  Ferguson,  dem. .    1  l.'il 
A.  O.  Chamberlain,  whig. .   llWtf      218 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,1854. 

t'i>iiyre*». 

A.  Williams,  rep 1714       10(» 

W.  A.  Uichardikm,  <lem. . .    1U14 

Senator. 

1724 

tm 1725  1 

lifl>re»fhtaticft. 

15.  L.  Matthews,  rep 1708 

1).  H.  (Jilintr,  rep 1739 

V.   1.    HigUe,  d.ui 1077 

Jonathan  Dcarburn,  dem. .   1092 

Sheriff. 

George  T.  Edwarvls,  rep..  1779       110 

Viiw.  H«M>per,  d.m I6«9 

Coroner. 

Samuel  Silton,  rep IGiH     1004 

ELECTION  NOV  0,  1855. 

TreaB'irer. 

S    CJrigsby,  rep 1005      482 

T}'re  Jennings,   den» 633 

School  ('ommi$Kiontr. 

J.  D.  Thomson 832      209 

James  F.  Hyde  623 

Surrfyor. 
A.  G.  Chamberlain 1098     1098 

ELECTION  NOV.  4,  la-iO. 

Presidfut. 

James  Buchanan,  dem. .. .  2163     1110 

John  C.  Fremont,  rep IWiS 

Millard  Filmore,  Amer 1010 

Congrt«$. 

Isaac  N.  Morris,  dem 2233      296 

Jackson  Grimshaw,  rep. . .   1937 


223 


187 


Ooptrintr. 
W.  A.  Richardson,  dem.  .  .   2221       388 

Win.  H.  Bissell,  rep 19;{8 

State  Seiuitor. 

Jacob  C".  Davis 22(M)      2;{6 

Thoma.s  C.  Sharp 1!)(54 

lie/tre^t  iitiitireK. 

John  I,  (Jriiues,  dem 2194 

Kiiii:  Kerley,  dem 2210 

H   F    We.stlake,  rep 1»9:{ 

Benj.  11.  Irwin,  rep 1974 

State's  Attorney. 

John  S.  Bailey,  dem 2191 

Charles  C   Warren,  rep. . .  .  1!)0.S 

Sheriff. 

Wilson  S.  Dennis,  dem. . . .  21  !M) 

John  S.  Brewer,  rep 2003 

Oirriiit  Clerk. 

Wm.  U  ArdiiT,  dem 2204       199 

Jaiu(  s  A    Kciiney,  rep 2003 

Coroner. 

.  Wm  B.iin,  dim 2214      2*1 

E   W.  Hickenion,  rep 11)81 

ELECTION  NOV.  3,  1857. 

County  Jinlfjr. 

Alfred  Grubb,  dem M^y       1(19 

C.  Harrington,  rep 1016 

County  Clerk. 

J.  S  Roberts,  dem 1711 

S.  Grigsby.  rep 1717  0 

Trenaurer. 

I)  D  Hicks,  dem 1884      :W8 

E   W<K)ley,   rep l.')26 

Surrey  or. 

H.  P    Buchanan,  dem.    ...   1816      218 
A.  G.  Chiimberlain,  rej) 1.598 

School  Cointniationer. 

Joseph  J  Topi  iff,  dem 1811       207 

Jolm  D.  Thomson,  rep 1604 

Coroner. 

J.  N.  Griffln.  rep 1613 

H.  St.  John,  dem  1756      143 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  ia58. 

CongretB. 

Isaac  N.  Morris,  dem 2471       480 

Jat^-kson  Grimshaw,  rep. . .    1991 

State  Senator. 

C.  L.  Higbi-c,  dem 1000      347 

John  Moses,  rep 653 

liepreteniative*. 

Gilbert  J.  Shaw 2478 

King  Kerley 2472 

Benj.  D.  Brown 1995 

James  S.  Irwio 1993 


HISTORY    OV    PIKK    COUNTY. 


883 


Sheriff. 

John  IIouBtdii 2387      289 

George  T.  Edwards 20!»H 

Coroner. 

Lewis  E.  Hiiyden,  rep 1903     11J63 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1859. 

TnaKurer. 

D.  D.  Hieks,  dera 2225      752 

George  T.  Edwards,  rep. .     1473 

School  C'omminnioiwr. 

J.  J.  Topliff,  dem 2592     1466 

F.  A.  Benton 1126 

Surveyor. 
John  A.  Harvey 3664    3664 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1860. 
President. 

Abraham  Lincoln,  rep 2553 

S.  A.  Douglas,  dem 3010       463 

Congress. 

W.  A.  Richardson,  dem 3021       426 

B.  :M.  Prentiss,  rep 25!)5 

Covernor. 

Richard  Yates,  rep 2576 

James  C.  Allen,  dem 3021      445 

Representatives. 

B.  B.  Metz,  rep 2629 

Vandeventer,  rep 2583 

Wm.  R.  Archer,  dem 2947 

r  Benj.  F.  DeWitt,  dem 3007 

Circuit  Clerk. 

Mace,  rep 2621 

George  W.  Jones,  dera 2991       370 

Sheriff. 

Bonnell,  rep 2635 

Joshua  Woo.^ley,  dem 2945       310 

Stute'n  Attorney. 

Thomas  E.  Morgan,  dem..  2959    2959 

Coroner. 
York,  rep 2582 

G.  W.  Mollinix,  dem 2890      308 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1861. 

County  Judge. 

John  W.  Allen,  dem 2300      427 

Wm.  E.  fSmith,  rep 1873 

County  Clerk. 

Wm.  Steers,  dem 2320      4.")! 

'^  Harvey  Dunn,  rep 1869 

Ci'unty  Treasurer. 

M.  H.  Abbott,  dem 2281       402 

James  L.  Adams,  rep 1879 

School    Coinmissioner. 

J.  G.  Pettingill,  dem 2829      974 

D.  L.  Freeman,  rep 1855 


County  Surveyor. 
James  H.  Fi-rguson,  dem.  .  231M      6.55 
George  E.  Harvey,  rep 1363 

Against  the  Bank 4129    4129 

Constitutional  Convention. 

Ale.x.  Starne,  dem 2332 

Archibald  A.  (Jlenn,  dem. .   2350 

Win.  Turnbull,  rep 1839 

David  K.  Watson,  rep 1655 

ELECTION  NOV.  4,  1862. 

Congress. 
State  at  Lnrgv: 

James  C.  Allen,  dem 2600     1105 

E.  C.  Ingersoll,  rep 1495 

Ninth  District: 

Lewis  W.  Ross 2597    2521 

Wm.  Ross 76 

State  Senator. 

L.  E.  Worcester 2597     1095 

N.  M.  Knapp 1.502 

Representatives. 
Scott  Wike,  dem 2614 

A.  G.  Burr,  dem 2599 

B.  F.  Westlake,  rep   1464 

R.  E.  Haggard,  rep 1500 

Sheriff. 

Perry  H.  Davis,  dem 2654     1413 

W.  H.  Johnston 1241 

G.  W.  Mullini.Y  253 

Coroner. 

Eli  Farris  2574     108-5 

J.B.Johnston 1489 

ELECTION  NOV.  3,  1863. 
Treasurer. 

R.  A.  McClintock,  rep 1992        47 

R.  F.  Frazier,  dem 1945 

Sch'iiil  Commissioner. 

J.  G.  Pettingill,  dem 2035        79 

John  K.  Bashforlh 1!).56 

Surveyor. 

Hiram  Harris,  dem  2024        58 

Nathan  Kifler 1960 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1864. 

Pnsidt  lit. 

George  B.  McClellan.  dem.  28,57      522 
Abraham   Lincoln,  rep. .. .  2335 

( 'ongress. 

At  large  : 

.1.  ('.  Allen,  dem 2a59      503 

L.  \y.  Moulton 2:VHi 

Ninth  IHstrict  : 

L.  W.  Ross,  (h-m 2857      501 

H.  Fullerton,   rei> 2356 


884 


ni6T0KT    OF    PIKE    CODNTT. 


Goo&rtior. 
James  C.  RiibiiiHon,  ilem.  .  .2W4       517 

liichartl  J   Otilcshy,  rep '2317 

lieiirenentnticei. 

B.  Wike,  ilem 2.h.')4 

J.  F.  Curtis,  dem 2Hr>8 

A.  E    Neiill,  rep 235:$ 

S.  II.  Powell,  rep 2354 

Circuit  (,'lerk. 

J.  H.  ("rane,  dein >:!:{       470 

L.  F.  Williiiins,  rep SM-i 

Shtriff. 
J.  R   Lumlrum,  ilem.. .  .         ■:-'''■>      TtH 

W.  W.  lUirchunl,  rep :.a:> 

Stiitc'n  Attornri/. 

T.  E.  Morgiuj,  dem >  .:i      rja") 

P.  C.  Slearnes,  rep J.i.M 

Voroiifr. 

Eli  F.irriH.  dem 2«.')4       498 

L.  E.  Hiiyden,  rep 2:J.')fl 

ELECTION  NOV.  7.  ISW. 

County  Juilge. 

R.  M.  Atkinson,  dem 2227       142 

— .  — .  Sever,  rep 2085 

County  CUrk. 

Wm   Steers,  dem 2210         114 

— .  — .  Chirk,  rep 2110 

Tnanurer. 

DHvid  S   Hill,  dem 2222       127 

Ernstus  Foreman,  rep 2095 

Suptrinttrtdriit  of  SehooU. 

J.  G.  Pettin^Mll,  dem 2282      13G 

— .  — .  Ooourjch,  rep 2096 

Surrcyor. 

Hiriim  .1.  Harris,  dem 2227       172 

A.  O.  ChiimlK-rluin,  rep 20.V) 

ELECTION  NOV.  6,  1860. 

Congret$. 

At  Ltirgf: 

T.  Lylc  Dickey,  dem 2963      250 

John  A.  Logau,  rep 2713 

Ninth  District  : 

Lewis  W.  Ross,  dom 3071     1260 

C  Lippincott.  rep 2711 

State  Stnator. 

Wm.  Shepard.  dem 2973      262 

— .  — .  Miner,  rep 2711 

lifpretentative*. 

James  H.  Dennis,  dem 2973 

Thomas  llollowbush.  dem.  .2972 

— .  — .  Dunn,  rep 2695 

— .  — .  Sears,  rep 2715 

Sheriff 

W.  G.  Hubbard,  dem 29.1.5      248 

— .  — .  Jones,  rep 2707 


Coroner. 

G.  W.  Mullini.v,  d.m 2954      245 

— .  — .  Chiiiunan,  rep 27U9 

ELECTION  NOV.  5,  1867. 

Treaiiurer. 

L.  J.  Smithennan,  dem 2181       a53 

R.  L.  Underwood,  rep 1328 

Sunt  yor. 

Hiram  J.  Harris,  dem 2101     2029 

A.  G.  ChamU-rlain,  rep 102 

ELECTION  NOV.  3,  1868. 
I' rt  It  ill  nit. 

H.  Seymour,  ilem 3319      5*4 

U.  8.  Grant,  rep 2775 

Ooctrnor. 

John  M.  Palmer,  rep 2778 

John  R.  Edeu,  dem 3331       553 

Congress. 
At  litrge  : 

W  W.  OHrien.  dem 3330      553 

Jolni  A.  I»>:an,  rep 2777 

yiiith  lHatrict  : 

T.  W.  McNeeley,  dem 33:M      559 

Lewis  W.  Ross,  ,dem 2775 

Stiitf'n  Attorney. 

L  W.  James,  dem 3336      501 

— .  — .  Sweeney 2775 

Jlijtrmtnt'itice. 

A.  Mittower,  dem 3324       532 

8.  Grlgsby,  rep 2792 

Circuit  Clerk. 

J.J.  ToplJir,  dem :«95     1 586 

— .  — .  Lawton,  rep 2809 

Sheriff. 

J.  J.  Manker,  dem 33:»      572 

R.  A.  McClinloek,  rep 2763 

Coroner. 

Sherman  Brown,  dem '«28      560 

— .  — .  Sanderson,  rep 2768 

Constitution. 

For 820 

Against 2524     1704 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  1869. 

County  Judge. 

R.  M.  Atkinson,  <lem 2081      .545 

R.  II.Grimn,  rep 1536 

County  Clerk. 

Wm.  B  Grimes,  dem 2098      549 

— .  — .  Gray,-  rep 1549 

Treasurer. 

L.  J.  Sraitherman,  dem 20h9      -553 

Chas.  Philbrick,  rep \W.MJ 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 


885 


Schfxd  Sup( riiitemhnt. 

John  M.  Dewell,  dem 2145      64!i 

Jon  Shastid,  rep 1406 

Suneyor. 
Hiram  J.  Harris 2094    2094 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1870. 
Ninth  Dixtrict  : 

Congress. 

T.  W.  McN^-elfv.  dcm 2181      542 

B.  F.  Westlake.'rep 1G39 

State  Senators- 
Joseph  M.  HiLsh,  dera 2151 

Wm.  Shcpard,  dem 2223 

George  E.  Warren,  rep 1(525 

Thomas  E.  Flinn,  rep 1020 

Ji'  prcnenlatices. 

Albert  Landrum,  dera 2081 

Charles  Kenney,  rep 2175 

John  A.  Thomas,  dem 1718 

Thomas  H.  Dimmitt,  rep. .  .1658 
Shirif. 

Joseph  McFarland,  dem 2056      283 

Aaron  F.Hemphill,  ind.  dem. 1773 
TreiiMurtr. 

Sherman  Brown,  dem 2230      605 

E.  W.  Hickerson,  rep 1625 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1871. 

Congress. 
At  large : 

S.  S.  Hayes,  dem 1872      275 

John  L.  Beveridge,  rep 1597 

State  Senator. 

Wm.  H.  Allen,  dem 1847      227 

Wm.  A.  Grimshaw,  rep 1620 

Treuisurer. 

Thomas  Gray,  dem 1914      312 

Hamilton  Wills,  rep 1602 

Surveyor. 

Hiram  J.  Harris,  dem 1927     1859 

A.  G.  Chamberlain,  rep 68 

ELECTION  NOV.  5,  1872. 

President. 

Horace  Greeley,  lib.  rep 2827      193 

U.  S.Grant,  rep 2634 

Charles  O'Conor,  ind.  dem..    116 

CiingrenH. 

Eleventfi  District  : 

Robert  M.  Knapp,  dem 2849      120 

A.  C.  Matthews,  rtp 2729 

Darrah 105 

State  Senator. 

Wm.  R.  Areher,  dem 2941       288 

Frost,  n-p 2653 


Gorernor. 

G.  A.  Koerner,  dem 2929      291 

R.  J.  Oglesby,  rep 2638 

RtpreHintativex. 

Henry  Dresser,  dem 4319 

S.  G.  Lewis,  dem 43K(ii^ 

M.  I).  Massie,  rep 7963 

Circuit  Clerk. 

George  W.  Jones,  dem 3005      455 

P.  M.  Parker,  rej) 2550 

John  C.  llesley,  ind.  dem..  .   160 
Sheriff. 

Josepli  McFarland,  dem.. .  .2919      261 

J.  A.  Brown,  rep 2658 

J.  A.  Melton,  ind.  dem 110 

State's  Attorney. 

Jeffers(m  Orr.  dem 2891       178 

Jamca  S.  Irwin,  rep 2713 

Coroner. 

Martin  Camp,  dem 2949      319 

Jean,  rep 2630 

Williams Ill 


Animals  at  Large. 

For 3775 

Against 1466 


1309 


ELECTION  NOV.  4,  1873. 

County  Judge. 

J.  G.  Pettingill,  dem  1076 

S.  Grigsby,  rep 1890      214 

County  Clerk. 

J.  L.  Frve,  dem 1936      291 

J.  II.  Allen,  rep 1645 

Treasurer. 

D.  Ilollis,  dem 2074       557 

Wm.  Grammer,  rep 1517 

School  Superintendent. 

J.  W.  Johnson,  dem 1822      140 

J.  Pike,  rep • 1682 

In  this   election    the    townships  of 
Derry  and  Barry  were  thrown  out. 

ELECTION  NOV.  3,  1874. 

Congress. 

Scott  Wike,  dem 20S9      669 

David  E.  Beatty,  rep 1420 

Representatices. 

Joseph  T.  Harvey,  dem 3054}-2 

James  CoHans,  dem 32i}5 

John  Moses,  rep 3951 

Thomas  H.  Dimmitt.  rt-p...  7863^' 

Shtriff. 

Augustus  Simpkins,  dem. .  .2035      547 

Tli<'o<lore  Kellogg,  rep 1488 

Tliomas  II.  WiitVliug,  ind..     93 


886 


HISTORY   OF    PIKE  COUNTY. 


Vorimer. 

Martin  V.  Sbive,  dcm 

B.  II.  Kowiind,  rt'p 


ELECTION  NOV.  2. 

Treag'irer. 

Thomii.s  Hcynold.s,  dein 

Hoiiry  Hull,  rep 

Surveyor. 

Isaac  A.  ("lure,  dcin 

H.  H.  (irlllin,  n|> 


.2112      584 
.  1528 

1875. 


14»iH       1:50 
1  ;}:{',♦ 

1525       2«0 
1251> 

1876. 


ELECTION  NOV  7, 
I'retident 

H.  1{.  IIiiye.><,  rt'p 

S.  .1.  Tildeii,  drm 

PeUT  Cooper,  >;rw?nback.. .  . 

tforerrufr. 

8.  M.  Culloin,  r«-p :KKJ5 

Lewis  SttWiird.  dnu 4074     J(X«I 


4040       IIH5 
35 


St4i(e  SenatiT. 


John  .MoHcH,  rep 

Wm,  H.  ArcbtT.  deiu . . . 

liepresenttttiTti. 

A.  ('   .MiiltiifW.*,  rup 

S   U   l'ow.-ll.d«-m 

B.J.  Hall.dfin 

Stiite'n  Attorney 

Joscpli  Ddbbin,  rep 

Jeff.  Orr,  dein 

Cirfuit  Clerk. 


.4052      mi 

.8056^ 
.6018 


Pbilip  Dontibof,  rep. 
J.  A.  ilider.  dem 


.:i0;i8 
.4068     1050 

.3:»8 
.»7(WI      438 


Sheriff. 

O.  8.  Campbell,  n-p 3197 

E.  W.  Blade;*,  dem 8903      706 

( 'oroner. 

Georjje  Barker,  rep :i075 

A.  C.  Peeble.s  dem 4050      975 


ELECTION  NOV.  6.  1877 

f'ouiUy  Judge. 

R.  M   Atkinson,  dem 2441 

S.  CJrigsby.  rep 2.519 


County  Clerk. 

E.  F.  Binns.  dem 2815      666 

Wm.  H.  Raflery,  gr.  &  rep.  .214!» 

Trfdxurir. 

n.  M    .Murray,  dem 2Cm      234 

O.  fi    Barney,  gr 23H!> 

School  Superintendent. 

Win.  H.  Crow,  dem 2."">34       141 

Belle  Moore,  rep 2^5!>:{ 

ELECTION  NOV.  5.  1878 

Congreea. 

Janie.s  P.  Dinunitt.   ren l!tT2 

James  W.  Sin^jleton.  dem.. 268.')       713 
Wm.  H.  Pogue.  gr  886 

liepreitentative*. 

A.  C     Matthews,  rep 5563^ 

8.  U.  I'owrll,  dem 41 15^ 

James  II    Plea.sauLs,  dem. .  .4258*^ 
John  Kclley,  gr 3052^ 

Clerk  of  Appellate  Court. 

George  W.  Jones,  dem 8<151     1222 

M.  M.  Dnncan,  reji 1821» 

Charles  K.  Scboff,  gr 761 

Sheriff. 
Tbemlore  KelIo)r^.  rep.  A  gr  2040      227 
John  foIviT,  dem...' 2713 

'  'oroner. 

Allen  C.  Peebles,  dem 2885     1804 

LcwLs  FarringUin,  gr 1081 

ELECTION   NOV.  4,  187!>. 

Treanurer. 

B.  W.  Flinn.  dem 3428      323 

Henry  Hall,  rep 2100 

Lewis  Karriugton,  gr 600 

Surveyor. 

Isaac  A.  Clare,  dem 28:36    SOW* 

Nathan  Kibler,  greenback.  827 

I 'oroner. 

Frederick  Ollowa,  dem 2445      575 

John  ("Burger,  rep 1870 

B.  F.  Jone.8,   greenback 890 


■^f 


l\ 


J¥,  ^, 


A^^^"^ 


PITTSFIELD    TP 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

THE  PRESS. 

In  this  chapter  we  give  brief  historical  sketches  of  the  various 
newspaper  enterprises  of  Pike  county. 

THE  OLD  FLAG. 

In  1*^4:2  Mr.  Michael  J.  "Moye-s  started  in  Pittstield  The  Sucker 
<(7ui  I^^irmers  Record^  the  tirst  paper  in  the  county.  It  was  a 
weekly,  and  was  edited  by  a  very  able  man.  In  1840  it  was  suc- 
ceeded by  The  Free  Press,  which  was  established  by  Z.  N.  Gar- 
butt,  who  had,  most  of  the  time  as  ])artner,  ^Ir.  M.  II.  Abbott. 
This  was  a  good  paper,  having  had  at  its  head  as  much  talent  prob- 
ably as  any  paper  in  this  county  has  ever  had.  It  was  a  Whig 
paper,  with  strong  anti-slavery  and  temperance  inclinations.  Mr. 
iirarbutt  retired  from  it  in  1840  and  went  into  other  business.  A 
sketch  of  his  life  will  be  found  on  pages  397-8  of  this  volume. 
Some  time  afterward  John  G.  Xicolay  and  Mr.  Parks  had  the  pa- 
per for  a  time,  and  then  Nicolay  alone. 

The  successor  of  The  Free  Press  vf do  The  Pike  County  Joiniml, 
established  by  Daniel  B.  Bush,  jr.  (the  second),  and  edited  by  him 
until  a  short  time  alter  the  war  broke  out,  when  it  was  sold  to  liob- 
ert  McKee,  a  cousin  of  the  eminent  Wm.  McKee,  of  the  St.  LoJiis 
Glohe- Democrat,  who  recently  died.  In  1868  Messrs.  McKee  and 
Wm.  A.  Grimshawgave  thej>aperits  j^resent  name,  TJie  Old  Flag, 
which  is  indeed  a  very  approj)riate  one  for  an  organ  which  so  boldly 
stands  up  fur  the  flag  of  our  countr}'.  The  material  of  the  office 
was  subsequently  owned  for  a  time  by  the  County  Rejniblican  Cen- 
tral Committee,  and  in  turn  was  run  by  Wm.  II.  Patterson  and 
Mr.  Ilatcli,  by  Patterson  alone,  by  Bailey  v.V:  Reynolds,  by  Reynolds 
alone,  by  Maj.  T.  W.  Jones,  and  Hnally  it  was  jMirchased  by  James 
Criswell  in  186S,  since  which  time  its  circulation  has  been  won- 
derfully increased,  and  the  pajKT  made  a  grand  success.  He  changed 
it  from  a  seven  to  an  eight-column  j»apt'r.  It  was  edited  for  a  time 
by  Robert  Criswell,  a  sj)icy  writer,  who  is  now  in  the  West;  since 
1874  the  gentlemaidy  Mr.  Gallaher  has  led  in  the  editorial  columns. 
The  Old  Flag  is  a  home  j)a])er,  none  of  it  being  printed  abroad. 
He  has  brouglit  to  bear  a  high  order  of  journalism  and  the  wisdom  of 


890  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

loiif!^  experience  as  a  journalist,  and  as  a  natural  conBequence,  lias 
made  of  The  Old  1^  t<iij  one  of  the  leadinir  Ilt.'|>ui>liean  j)aper6  in 
Central  Illinois.  Tin;  inlluence  tor  Republican  doctrine  and  prin- 
ciples ttt"  thi-'  paper  has  been  felt  in  this  county.  The  party  has 
been  rallied  and  is  gaining  over  its  common  enemy,  the  Democratic 
party,  new  victories  here.  Mr.  CJallaher's  locals  are  crisp  and  fresh, 
and  in  the-e  columns  maybe  found  all  the  happenings  of  not  only 
Pittstield  and  immediate  vicinity,  but  xn  all  parts  of  the  countr}*. 
A  good  job  otfice  is  run  in  connection  witii  tlie  establishment. 

mlclinel  J.  Noi/e.s,  founder  of  T/w  SKoker  was  born  at  Landatf, 
Grafton  county,  N.  II.,  March  3U,  IT'Jl;  graduated  at  college;  read 
law  for  some  time;  remored  to  St.  Charles  county.  Mo.;  then  to 
Pike  ct>unty,  in  that  State,  wjjere  he  heltl  several  responsil)le  ])osi- 
tioiis  as  Courity  and  (circuit  Clerks,  etc.  He  was  a  remarkable 
man,  of  frank  manners,  industrious,  honest,  shrewd,  of  fair  educa- 
ti<»n,  and  had  an  extraordinary  memory  of  names  and  faces  of  per- 
sons. As  a  land  surveyor,  in  early  life  he  laid  otf  land  for  the 
Tnite*!  Stales  fTovernment  under  contract  when  largi*  surveys  were 
made.  After  (juitting  the  paper  he  retired  to  a  nice  large  farm, 
near  Pittstit'ld.  He  dioil  in  May,  ISOS,  a  leading  olHcer  in  the  Ma- 
sonic fraternity,  leaving  a  widow  and  several  children.  Those  of 
the  latter  now  living  are:  Henry  .1..  in  the  insurance  business  in 
PitUtield;  .John,  at  ( Jrimshaw's  drug  store,  in  the  same  place;  Mrs. 
Kmeline  .Millh,  also  in  Pittstield;  W.  II.  I).,  at  Cirthage;  Mrs. 
Harriet  Talcott,  ()lymj)ia,  W.  T.;  and  .Mrs.  Annie  T.  Ilo<lgen, 
Rooilhojise.  III.     Ten  have  died. 

Jaiuis  G'tlhiher^  the  present  editor  of  Th6  Old  Fla<j.  was  born 
in  Castlebur,  County  .Mayo,  Ireland,  .July  *J3,  1835;  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1851,  landing  at  New  York  city,  where,  Aug.  1, 
lS5r»,  he  married  .Miss  Lizzie  McII  ugh.  daughter  of  Caj)t.  M.  A.  T. 
McIIugh.  of  the  CiOth  Ii<tyal  liille  Brigade,  British  army;  she  was 
born  at  (tibralt^ir.  Their  children  are:  .Margaret  C,  now  Mrs. 
Williams,  of  New  York  city,  l>orn  in  1857;  Harry  M.,  born  in 
18«»;  Lizzie  M.,  in  1SC3;  and  Charles  J .,  in  1868;  tlie  last  three 
were  lH>rn  in  S|>ringtield,  III.  Soon  after  landing  in  America  Mr. 
(jallaher  located  at  Bridgeport.  Conn.,  where  he  learned  '•  the  art 
preservative  "  in  the  office  of  The  Si'indard,  At  t]\At  time  a  staunch 
organ  of  the  "  silver-pray  Whigs.''  He  shortly  afterward  returned 
to^ow  York,  whore  lie  remained  until  the  financial  ])anic  of  1857, 
when  he  came  to  Illinois,  obtaining  em[»loynient  in  thfi  Stnte  Jour- 
nal office,  at  Springfield,  and  was  subse<iuently  promoted  to  the 
position  of  associate  editor,  with  Ed.  L.  Baker  as  chief,  and  had 
this  position  for  ten  years.  Here  he  had  the  good  fortune  to  l>e- 
come  acquainte<l  with  Mr.  Lincoln,  Mr.  Yates,  Dr.  Wallace  and 
other  prominent  leaders,  and  had  his  Re[)ubl!canism  strengthened. 
Later  lie  became  connected  with  the  Qui  net/  Whig,  and  in  1874  as- 
sumed editorial  charge  of  The  Old  Fla<jy  where  he  gives  entire  sat- 
isfaction to  all  his  patrons.  He  has  ha<l  a  large  and  varied  experi- 
ence in  travel  and  journalism.     He  has   visited    Europe   several 


HISTORY    C>F    riKK    COUNTY.  891 

times,  and  in  liis  profession  has  been  within  the  inner  circles  of  tlie 
political  and  journalistic  head(|iiarters  of  State  and  nation. 

James  C/'isw<lh  proprietor  of  the  Old  Flu  <j,  was  born  in  Ireland 
of  Scotch-Irish  jtarents.  May  7,  1810.  His  parents,  Uobert  and 
Mary  (Hamilton)  Criswell,  brou>;ht  him  to  America  at  the  early 
age  of  seven  years.  They  located  at  Shippensbiirg,  Pa.,  but  soon 
moved  to  P)Utlor  county,  of  the  same  State,  and  bcL'an  fiirmiiii;. 
His  father,  who  was  a  ^reat  deal  in  j)ublic  life,  died  in  ls(57  at  the 
advanced  age  of  89  years.  Our  subject  remained  in  Pennsylvania 
until  a  few  years  before  the  war;  he  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  where 
he  ran  a  rollini;  mill.  His  mill  burned  in  ISCO,  wlicn  he  went 
South.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  started  for  the  North  and 
experienced  great  difficulty  in  making  the  trip.  He  brought  his 
children  to  Pittstield,  that  they  might  be  wholly  out  of  danger,  and 
receive  the  benefit  of  good  schools,  and  then  entered  the  Union 
army,  where  he  took  an  active  and  prominent  ])art  in  suppressing 
the  monster  Rebellion.  He  served  as  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Ma- 
chinery Department  of  the  army  of  the  Southwest,  with  rank  as 
Colonel.  In  lsfi4  he  returned  to  Pittsfield  and  then  went  South 
to  Louisiana  and  opened  up  a  plantation.  He  met  (-ren.  Sheri<lan, 
with  whom  he  was  jiersonally  actpiainted,  who  told  him  that  he  was 
heartily  glad  sucli  men  as  he  had  come  to  settle  in  the  South  and 
aid  in  developing  its  resources.  Mr.  C.  soon  was  appointed  Com- 
missioner of  Elections.  At  this,  however,  he  was  ordered  to  leave 
the  country,  merely  on  {political  grounds,  of  course.  Having  in- 
fluence in  the  Legislature  he  had  his  parish  divided,  some  of  his 
neighbors  not  being  antagonistic  to  him.  He  was  then  apj)ointed 
Sheriff  of  the  new  parish  by  Gov.  AVarmouth,  but  only  accejited 
the  ])osition  at  the  urgent  re(|uest  of  the  Governor  and  many  of 
the  citizens  of  the  parish.  He  appointed  two  deputies  and  came  to 
Pittstield  after  his  family,  intending  to  remove  them  to  his  new 
home.  While  here,  however,  he  received  word  that  both  his  depu- 
ties had  been  killed.  This  was  not  encouraging  to  his  family,  and 
they  would  not  go  South.  He  returned,  however,  but  was  driven 
away  by  armed  and  masked  Ku  Klux,  who  came  to  his  house  to 
kill  him.  He  was  comj)elled  to  leave  to  save  his  life,  for  they  had 
killed  others  around  him,  and  he  too  well  knew  he  would  meet  with 
the  same  fate. 

Mr.  C.  returned  to  Pittsfield,  bought  out  The  Old  Flag  in  1808, 
and  has  since  owned  it  and  conducted  it  with  success.  His  jiresent 
wife,  Hepsie  D.  Criswell,  nee  Reed,   is  a  native  of  Kentucky. 

THE  IMKK  COUNTY  DKMOCRAT. 

In  tracing  the  ancestry  of  this  staunch  organ  of  the  Detnocratic 
party  in  this  county  we  find  that  the  first  paper  was  The  Pike 
County  Sentinel,  which  was  started  in  the  year  184-5  by  T.  G. 
Trumbull  and  G.  W.  Smith,  the  former  as  editor.  Under  their 
regime  it  flourished  until  April,  184i>,  when  it  was  purchased  by 
Jolin  S.  Roberts,  who  changed  its  name  to  TJie  Pike  Countt/  pnion, 


I 


89'2  HISTORY    uF    i'lKK    COUNTT. 

the  first  iuiinl)L'r  l>v  this  name  l»ein^  is>u('tl  Ajiril  25,  that  ye;ir.  In 
size  it  was  six  culuinutj  Uy  24-  ii»ches,  and  {)\ih]islie«l  at  $1.50  a  year. 
In  1851  Mr.  Roberts  Bold  it  to  M.  11.  Ahhott,  wlu)  on  the  30"th  of 
May,  1S57,  chanj^ed  its  name  to  77ie  Pike  County  Democrat,  ^mca 
which  time  it  has  retained  that  ?iaiiie.  For  a  short  time  it  was  in 
tlie  hands  (»t  Hrown  *fc  Frazier,  then  of  Frazier  &  Me(Tinnis,then  of 
Frazier  (liobert  F.)  aK)ne.  Aug.  10,  1865,  is  the  date  of  the  first 
issue  of  the  paper  under  the  control  ot  the  j)resent  proprietor,.!. 
M.  Hush,  when  its  circulation  was  only  350.  Mr.  liush  by  his  en- 
ergy and  ability  has  made  of  it  one  <»f  the  leailing  political  orijan.s 
of  the  State,  an<l  has  increased  its  circulation  largely.  It  is  now  an 
8  column  paper,  27  by  41  inches  in  si/.e.  1  n  1  *^♦)2  it  was  a  6-eolumn 
)aper,  24  inches  tt>  the  column;  in  1803,  probably  owing  to  the 
lard  times  produced  by  the  war,  it  was  somewhat  reduced  in  size. 
This  paper  has  alsvays  been  issued  weekly,  anti  luis  ever  been  a  firm 
advocate  of  the  prim'iples  of  the  Democratic  party,  the  very  first 
number  ot  Tk«  In  ion  declaring  itself  in  favor  of  "State  rights  and 
sovtfreignty." 

The  Dtin^h'rat,  which  has  no  '•  patent  "  side,  but  is  all  printed  at 
iiome,  enj\)ys  a  liberal  advertising  patronage  and  a  large  circulation. 
Its  locals  are  abun<lant,  fresh  and  crisp.  Its  foreign  and  general 
news  are  such  as  the  pul>lic  desiri-  to  become  acqiniinted  with.  Its 
editi>rial  columns  are  ably  managed.  The  political  measures  and 
movenuMits  of  the  day  are  di.scussed  fearlessly,  yet  ilispa^sionately. 
The  principles  of  the  Deniocratic  |)arty  are  ably  advocated,  and  all 
otiier  measures  that  its  editor  believes  for  the  welfare  of  the  gen- 
eral )iul>lic. 

The  present  printing  esUiblishment  connected  with  this  journal 
is  the  largest  in  the  county.  It  is  fitteil  with  ail  the  modern  con- 
veniences and  improvements,  among  which  is  a  steam-power 
press.  The  press  was  bought  al»out  3  years  airo.  and  the  engine 
about  I  year  ago.  II.  K.  Ilanna,  nephew  of  .M.  U.  Abbott,  a  former 
pmprietor,  has  been  foreman  for  about  12  years.  They  are  pre- 
pared here  to  do  job  work  in  nearly  ail  its  branches,  and  in  tlie  neat- 
est style.  We  will  now  speak  personally  of  the  leaditjg  e<iitors 
who  have  ctmducted  this  paper. 

T.  G.  TrumhuUs  one  of  the  founders  of  this  paper,  was  an  attor 
ney  at  law  who  came  from  Connecticut,  and  was  a  nephew  of  the 
c«lebratetl  ]»ainter.  Col.  Trumbull,  of  Wasiiington's  military  fam- 
ily. He  had,  iiowever,  but  little  business  at  the  Bar.  In  some 
res|iect8  he  was  somewhat  peculiar.  For  example,  when  asked 
about  early  rising,  he  would  reply  that  it  was  not  best  to  be  about 
until  the  worM  wa-j  Well  aired  bv'the  uprising  sun.  His  health 
was  feeble,  his  instincts  were  gonth'manlv,  his  education  good,  and 
lie  was  a  man  of  retiring  habit.  He  died  many  years  ago  and  was 
buried  in  the  Pittstield  cemetery,  leaving  no  relatives  in  this  vicinity. 
Gioiye  W.  Smith  went  from  here  to  Barry  and  started  The 
Bamj  Enterprise,  but  scon  got  to  drinking  so  that  he  could  not 
control    himself,  and   in    Feb.,   1801  fell  out  of  a  window  of  the 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE    OOUNTV.  893 

Planter's  House  in  llaimihal  and  l)i'ok»-!  his  nock,  lie  was  a  bril- 
liant writer,  -indeed,  a  literary  u;enius,  and  his  flashes  of  wit  and 
rlietoric  have  seldom  been  surpassed  in  local  journalism. 

John  S.  Rohei'ta  was  born  in  Southern  Pennsylvania  Nov.  19, 
1809;  came  to  this  State  about  the  year  1836,  stoj»|)iii<;  first  at 
Shawneetown;  afterward  he  and  his  l)rother  were  at  S|)rin<^liel<l  and 
at  Jacksonville,  and  edited  a  paper  tor  awhile;  also  followed  farm- 
ing. He  came  to  Pike  county  in  1849  and  bought  The  Pike 
County  Sentinel,  as  above  stated.  In  1808  he  was  appointed  Col- 
lector of  Internal  Revenue  for  this  District,  and  held  the  office  for 
a  vear  or  two;  was  also  (-lerk  of  the  Legislature  for  several  ses- 
sions, was  Supervisor  of  ^lartinsburg  township  several  terms,  and 
was  Justice  of  the  Peace  from  18G9  to  1878,  when  he  died,  leaving 
a  widow  {nee  Elizabeth  Twiford)  and  two  sotis, — J.  Willis  lioberts, 
now  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Pittstield,  and  Town  Clerk,  and  Rich- 
ard D.,  also  a  resident  of  Pittstield. 

Milton  11.  Ahhott  was  probably  a  native  of  this  State;  he  was 
married  in  Alton,  III.;  in  a  very  early  day  he  and  his  father  pub- 
lished  hymn-books,  etc.,  in  ^'andalia,  then  the  State  capital.  For 
stock  he  would  ride  horseback  all  the  way  to  St.  Louis  and  return.  Of 
course,  in  such  early  times  and  under  such  difficulties,  he  could  not 
carry  on  a  \q,x\'  extensive  business.  After  assisting  on  The  Free 
Press,  in  Pittsffeld,  for  a  time,  he  went  to  Coldwater,  Mich.,  where 
a  storm  blew  down  his  dwelling,  when  he  returned  to  Pittstield. 
He  commenced  to  edit  The  PlJce  County  Democrat  Oct.  11,  1860. 
After  selling  out  the  paper  to  Mr.  Bush,  in  1SC5,  he  emigrated  by 
wagon  to  Oregon,  finally  settling  at  The  Dalles,  where  he  is  now 
publishing  TJi^'  Dalles  Democrat.  Since  going  to  that  place  he 
nas  lost  his  wife  and  three  daughters.  His  brothers  are  not  now 
living,  and  of  his  sisters  only  Mrs.  E.  J.  llanna,  of  Terre  Haute, 
Ind.,  is  living. 

Joseph  Merrick  Bush,  editor  and  proprietor  of  The  Pike  County 
Democrat,  was  born  Jan.  16,  1822,  in  Pittsffeld,  Berkshire  county, 
Mass.;  graduated  at  Williams  College  (^[ass.)  in  1838,  and  re- 
moved the  same  fall  to  Pittsffeld,  Pike  county.  III.,  where  he  has 
ever  since  resided.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar,  and  in  1S48  he 
married  the  daughter  of  John  U,  Grimshaw,  and  devoted  the  most 
of  his  time  to  farming  up  to  lb65,  when  he  purchased  and  took 
the  control  of  the  Democrat.  He  has  held  the  office  of  State 
Senator,  United  States  Commissioner  for  the  Southern  District  of 
Illinttis,  Master  in  Chancery,  President  of  the  Board  of  Education, 
Pittsffeld,  President  Pike  County  Agricultural  Society,  and  has 
taken  aii  active  part  in  all  measures  looking  to  the  advancement  of 
the  public  interests.  He  has  four  sons,  three  of  whom  are  grown 
to  manhood,  and  two,  William  and  J.  AL,  jr.,  are  connected  with 
him  in  conducting  the  Democrat  and  its  job  rooms. 


894  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 


GRIGG8V1LLE    REFLECTOR. 


The  history  of  foniulinn^  a  local  nowspapor  is  almost  without  ex- 
ception a  story  of  uiii-oalized  hopes,  misdirected  eliurts  and  unpaid 
bills.  It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  more  failures  are  recorded  in 
the  journalistic  profession  than  in  any  other.  Few  are  those  who 
attain  success  in  fouiulinn;  a  country  or  a  city  no\vsp:i]>cr.  Often 
it  is  nut  tor  want  of  literary  ability,  for  many  who  wield  an 
aide  pen  fail,  hut  it  takes  as  well  a  high  order  of  business  tact  and 
talent.  The  successful  editor  and  publisher  must  necessarily  be  a 
shrewd  business  man.  He  nnist  be  a  man  of  business  in  all  that 
that  term  imj)lies,  for  in  this  tield  of  labor  one  will  tind  a  i^reater 
variety  of  influences  brou«jfht  to  bear  aj^ainst  his  efforts,  diffi- 
culties unknown  in  other  branches  must  be  surmounted,  the 
genius  of  dealing  with  peo|>le  indiscriminatcdy  and  successfully 
must  be  possessed;  indeed,  >he  sucfe^sful  editor  of  to-dav  must  be 
u  business  man  as  well  as  a  literary  scholar. 

There  are  few  journals  which  continue  long  under  their  original 
management,  seldtun  longer  than  two  years.  Not  so  with  the 
li'-rfertor,  however,  which  continues  under  the  control  and  man 
agement  of  its  founder,  .Mr.  Strother.  He  came  to  Griggsville  in 
1871,  atid  July  15  of  tliat  year,  6(;nt  forth  the  tirst  number  of 
the  Relit'ctor.  It  was  then  a  seven-column  f<ilio,  and  presented  a 
neat  an<l  tasteful  :ipj)earaiicc.  It  was  received  with  fav(»r,  and  con- 
sideralde  encouragement  oHered  the  edityr.  He  being  a  •jiractical 
printer,  was  able  to  take  advantage  of  many  influences  and  soon 
found  his  enterprise  upon  the  high  rt>ad  to  success.  At  the  end  of 
the  tirst  year  he  had  a  subscrij»tion  list  of  40(».  This  was  steadily 
increased  until  at  present  it  tiumbers  upwanl  of  7(>U.  The  Rifiector 
is  purely  a  local  paper;  has  no  patent  side,  and  in  j)olitics  and 
religion  is  neutral.  Pe«>ple  take  the  Rejiector  beciitise  it  is  not 
hamj>ered  or  circumscrilHMl  by  party  principles  or  religious  creeds. 
It  is  free  to  aj>plaud  or  condemn,  to  adv  x-  ..^'  or  oj)j)o.se,  to  build 
up  or  tear  down,  anv  measure  it  believes  beneficial  and  just,  or  in- 
jurious or  wrong.  Though  neutral  on  political  and  religious  ques- 
tions, yet  he  devotes  space  in  its  columns  to  the  discussion  of  Ixjth. 
Mr.  Strother  is  a  veteran  in  the  j)rinting  l)usincss,  having  begun  to 
learn  the  trade  at  the  early  age  of  13  years,  an<l  has  continued  it 
without  intermission  from  that  day  to  this.  Thus,  with  practical 
knowledge  of  his  business,  he  is  enabled  the  better  to  superintend 
and  carry  it  on  sjiccossfully.  As  a  writer  he  is  clear,  forcible  and 
logical,  and  has  made  of  the  /?<^6C^or  an  e.xcellent  provincial  paj)er. 

F.  K.  Strother,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Griggsville  Reflec- 
tor, was  born  in  Granville  county,  X.  C,  Sept.  30,  1S23;  educjited 
at  Raleigh  ;  cjime  to  Adams  county.  111.,  in  1^66.  and  here  pub- 
lished the  Clayton  Sentinel  (now  the  Enterprise)  until  1871,  when 
he  came  to  Griggsville  and  issued  the  first  copy  of  the  Reflector 
July  15  of  that  year,  which  he  still  publishes,  with  a  circulation  ot 
850.     January  18,  1851,  he  married  Miss  B.   V.   House,  and  thev 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  895 

have  6  chiMrcii:  B.  L.,  Iloinolea,  Geneva  A.,  Cava  A.,  S.  K.  and 
F.  T.  Mr.  Strother  was  with  Gen.  Canby  in  the  South  in  18H7-8  ; 
was  Government  ])rinter  while  there,  where  he  remained  until  the 
reconstruction  of  the  States.  lie  lias  worked  in  the  printing  otHce 
most  of  the  time  since  he  was  14  years  of  age, 

THE    BARKY    ADAGE. 

The  new.sjjaper  history  of  Barry  well  exemplifies  a  general  rule 
cliaracteristic  uf  the  j>rofession  of  jdurnalisni.  Wliiie  in  most  other 
branches  of  business  the  first  eflforts  at  establishment  in  a  new  and 
growing  place,  are  generally  successful,  in  public  journalism  the 
charm  of  talking  to  the  people  in  print,  the  social  and  political 
influence  t<^  be  obtained  as  a  stepping-stone  to  jiower  and  emolu- 
ment, and  to  ease  and  luxury,  tempt  the  innumerable,  impecunious 
graduates  of  the  printing  office  to  seek  some  unoccupied  field  in 
which  to  establish  themselves  and  rise.  Hence  they  start  out,  and 
for  want  of  the  means  necessary  to  run  a  newspaper  a  year  or  two, 
with  but  very  little  pay,  they  try  a  new  jilace,  and  thus  continue  to 
rove;  and  it  is  but  a  corroboration  of  this  remark  to  note  that  all,  or 
nearly  all,  the  newspapers  now  successfully  conducteil  in  Pike 
countv  are  owned  and  edited  bv  old  residents  having  some 
property. 

The  first  attempt  to  establish  a  newspaper  in  Barry  was  made  by 
Geo.  W.  Smith,  from  Pittstield,  spoken  of  on  a  preceding  page. 
He  started  The  Barry  Enterprise,  but  the  office  here  was  discon- 
tinued and  the  material  was  moved  to  Louisiana,  Mo,.  The  next 
move  to  establish  a  pa])er  here  was  made  by  Messrs.  Sliatfner  & 
Goldsmith,  who  published  The  Barry  Weekly  Dispatch.  The  next 
eff«)rt  was  made  by  L.  L.  Burke,  who  started  The  Barry  Observer, 
over  "White's  store.  This  was  run  about  a  year,  the  last  number 
being  issued  in  the  fall  of  1871.  In  October  of  this  year  Mr,  John 
H,  Cobb  took  the  same  rooms  and  established  The  Barry  Adage, 
in  spite  of  the  most  discouraging  obstacles.  The  people  of  the 
community  had  lost  all  faith  in  the  newspajier  business  as  a  Barry 
enterprise.  Mr.  Cobb  could  find  but  two  men  who  would  pay  as 
much  as  a  year's  subscription  in  advance,  and  not  one  who  would 
pay  a  cent  in  advance  for  advertising.  At  least  three-fourths  of 
those  who  were  a])proached  on  the  subject  would  refuse  to  pay  a 
cent  for  the  new  enterprise,  ^lany  men  would  go  into  a  saloon  or 
tobacco  store  and  spend  more  in  a  day  or  two  than  wouM  pay  for 
the  paper  a  whole  year,  then  refuse  even  a  single  dime  to  encourage 
Mr,  Cobb  in  his  laudable  enterprise,  in  whi<;n,  too,  he  finally  suc- 
ceeded. The  first  number  of  his  paper  was  issued  about  Nov.  1, 
1871 .  In  1878,  however,  he  sold  out  to  Mr.  Colgruve,  who  ran  the  in- 
stitution for  a.short  time.  Mr.  Cobb,  in  company  with  Wm.  AVatson, 
bought  back  the  office  and  the  situation  and  conducted  it  together 
with  reasonable  success  until  recently,  when  Mr.  Cobb  retired,  leav 
ing  Mr.  Watson  sole  editor  and  proprietor.  The  jiaper  is  printed 
on  both  sides  at  the  home  office,  is  a  weekly,  and  independent  in 


bye  •  HLSTOKY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY. 

politics.  Price  only  $^1.00  a  year,  wliicli  is  certainly  »jiiite  reasonable 
ibra  local  jtaper.  It  is  not  hanipi-red  or  buiiiui  l»y  any  j)olitieal  feiters, 
but  is  strictly  8)»eakin<;  an  t»r<^an  of  the  j>eople,  and  tor  tiie  people. 
While  it  enjoys  a  fair  advertising  patronaije,  the  merchants  and 
business  men  of  Barrv  are  not  fiillv  alive  to  their  best  interests 
when  they  fail  t<»  ^ive  their  lucai  paper  a  hearty  and  liberal  sup- 
port. Towns  must  be  ailvertised  as  well  as  individuals  and  busi- 
nesses, and  this  can  only  be  done  through  the  medium  of  the  j)re88. 

There  is  connected  with  this  paj)era  good  joli  ot!ice. 
Mr.  Cctbl)  tried  a  dailv  for  a  whik',  at  rittstield,  but  that  city  was 
f(Mind  to  be  too  near  the  laroje  cities,  which  furnish  dailies  at  hand. 
Williun  Watson  was  born  in  liarry  Feb.  10,  1857,  and  is  a  son 
of  .Ion  Watson,  deceased,  an  early  settler  in  Pike  county.  Mr. 
Watson's  future  success  with  The  liaiTij  A<hi<j'  is  very  jtromising. 
He  is  a  pleasing  writer  for  a  young  Juan,  ami  gives  to  liarry  an  e.<- 
cellent  loail  paper.  • 

TUK    INICORN    JfKEK.NHACK. 

After  T/ie  AiUinc  had  been  under  way  four  or  live  years  there 
was  a  sheritr's  sale  of  a  ] tress,  stationery,  etc.,  where  Mr.  Simeon 
Fitch  was  a  bidder,  and  he  rather  jestingly  remarked  that  he 
did  not  want  any  one  to  bid  against  him  on  tlie  press,  as  he 
wanted  to  run  a  paper  in  opjtosition  to  Th*  Admje.  lie  also  had  a 
boy  whom  he  wished  to  learn  the  art  of  printing  and  thought  to 
juirchase  the  press  and  material  for  this  j>urpose.  This  was  the  ex- 
citing cause  of  many  friends  encouraging  him  to  go  into  the  busi- 
ness of  printing  and  publishinir  a  jiaper.  Thus  encouraged,  and 
having  a  love  for  literary  labor,  he  obtained  another  press  and  com- 
menced business,  issjiing  the  tirst  number  of  Tlie  Unicorn  on  the 
5th  of  October,  ls77.  lie  subsequently  bought  the  press,  which 
was  otfered  at  the  sherifl^s  sale.  The  Unicorn  was  started  as  a  Re- 
publican paper,  but  it  soon  espoused  the  (ireenback  cause  and 
changed  its  name  to  The  Unicom  Greenitack.  The  Unicorn  is  a 
8  column  folio  and  tilled  with  lowil  and  general  news,  discussions 
upon  the  ]>olitical.  tinancial  an«l  social  issues  of  the  c«>untry  that 
agitate  the  public  mind,  and  a  general  miscellany  of  excellent  and 
instructive  reading  matter.  As  al>ove  stated  it  is  a  Greenback 
})aj>er,  and  is  one  of  the  leading  advocates  for  the  measures  and  prin- 
ciples of  the  Greenback  party  in  this  section.  Tlte  Unicorn  is  also 
one  of  the  most  zealous  advocates  of  temperance  and  total  absti- 
nence from  the  use  of  tobacco  there  is  in  the  country.  No  smoking 
is  even  allowed  in  the  printing  office.  The  motto  lieading  the 
newspaper  is, — 

"  Tobacco,  though  handy,  is  risky  to  use : 
Together  with  brandy  and  whisky,  refuse." 

Mr.  Fitch  is  pre-eminently  a  poetic  editor,  often  throwing  into 
rhyme  the  reports  of  proceedings  in  the  city,  and  thus  he  amuses 
while  he  teaches  and  instructs.     His  paj)er  has  a  much  larger  cir- 


HISTORY  OF  PIKE  COUNTY.  899 

cnlatioii  tliaii  he  at  first  anticipated,  and  promises  to  be  one  of  tlie 
established  institutions  vt'  the  city  ut"  JJarry.  Thus,  with  Ids  teni- 
l^erance  and  anti-tobacco  principles  and  his  novel  way  of  rliyinin^ 
locals,  he  is  enabled  to  present  to  his  readers  a  rare,  entertaining 
and  elevating  class  of  readinu^  matter.  He  will  not  taint  the 
morals  of  the  most  saintly,  and  it  <;rievcs  him  greatly  to  see  so 
many  of  his  fellow  men,  and  especially  the  younf]^,  ]>olluting  them- 
selves by  the  use  of  licpiors  and  tol)acco.  It  will  take  him  a  \ourr 
time  and  much  earnest  work  to  cliani^e  the  habits  and  customs  of- 
this  ]>eople  in  this  respect,  and  tluit  his  influence  will  be  felt,  is  be- 
yond (juestion.  No  man  ever  en<;aged  in  a  reformation  more  desired, 
and  more  earnestly  and  devotedly  than  Mr.  Fitch,  and  that  he  may 
live  to  see  a  radical  chan<ije  in  the  tilthy  and  injurious  habits  so 
common,  we  most  heartily  wish.  lie  has  a  most  potent  enemy,  and 
it  will  take  constant  hard  battling  to  conquer  it.  Afr.  Fitch,  however, 
appreciates  the  magnitude  of  his  labors,  yet  will  use  his  pen  and 
voice,  his  influence  and  purse  to  save  the  young  and  convert  those 
already  steeped  in  the  use  of  liquors  and  tobacco. 

Simeon  Fitch,  editor  and  ])roprietor  of  the  Unicorn  Greenback, 
Barry,  111.,  was  born  in  Delaware  county,  N.  Y".,  Dec.  2,  1818,  and 
is  a  son  of  Samuel  Fitch,  deceased;  was  educated  in  Franklin,  N. 
Y.,  and  at  the  age  of  21  he  commenced  teaching  school,  which  \\yo- 
fession  he  followed  10  years,  a  ])ortion  of  the  time  eniraging  in 
farming  during  the  summer  season.  He  emigrated  to  Pike  county 
in  April,  1842,  where  he  has  since  lived.  May  1,  1845,  he  married 
Lucinda  A.  Piper,  by  whom  he  had  one  child,  since  deceased.  Mrs. 
Fitch  died  A])ril  24,  1854,  and  Aug.  3  of  the  same  year  Mr.  F. 
married  Eliza  Kerr,  and  of  the  8  children  born  to  them  these  6  are 
living:  Ella,  Edward  E.,  Charles  S.,  Owen  L.,  Anna  and  Mary. 
Edward  attends  to  the  farm,  while  Owen  L.  assists  his  father  in 
tlie  ])rinting-office.  Ella  is  a  teacher,  and  is  now  Mrs.  Dr.  E.  T. 
Myers,  of  Farber,  Mo. 

MILTON  BEACON. 

This  is  one  of  the  leading  organs  of  the  Greenback  party  in  Illi- 
nois, and  wields  an  influence  second  to  none.  This  fact  is  evinced 
in  the  interest  manifested  by  the  people  of  Milton  and  vicinity  in 
this  late  political  movement,  and  also  in  the  fact  that  the  citizens 
in  this  aistrict  are  uniformly  well  posted  in  jtolitical  matters. 
Constant  readers  of  this  journal  are  diiiicult  antagonists  to  contend 
with  in  argumentative  contests  on  political  questions.  Tiiey  have 
been  under  the  instruction  of  a  wise,  original  and  logical  tutor,  and 
liave  gained  much  information  bearing  upon  the  great  ami  im- 
]»ortant  political  questions,  especially  the  fiiuinci;d,  now  before  the 
}nil)lic. 

The  Beacon,  although  com})aratively  a  new  ])ul)lication,  has 
proven  a  grand  success  under  its  present  able  management.  Dur- 
ing the  winter  of  1874—5  a  temj)erance  organization  known  as  the 
Milton  Moral  Reform  Society  published  a  small  })aper  called  the 

61 


900  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

Miltoii  litfomi.  This  slieet  was  issued  lor  the  piiipose  of  setting 
forth  thi'  uiiiis  uml  objects  of  the  order.  It  was  distribiited  •gra- 
tuitously, Jind  was  received  with  much  favor  by  the  citizens  of  the 
town.  The  ellect  of  this  small  publication  was  to  create  a  demand 
for  a  larger  j)aper.  After  its  ^eeond  monthly  issue  Mr.  A.  (t.  Lucas 
proposed  t(»  start  a  five-column  folio  paper,  ])rovidin<jf  .the  Society 
Would  discontinue  the  publication  of  the  Jiefitrm^  and  turn  over 
the  advertising  already  secured.  This  proj>osition  was  accej)ted, 
and  on  the  10th  of  April,  1875,  the  Milton  Jieacon  made  its  ap- 
pearance. It  came  forth,  however,  as  a  six-column  instead  of  a  tive- 
Ctihimn  jtaper,  as  originally  intendid. 

The  history  of  all  new  papers  is  one  of  a  liard  8tru;^gle  for  ex- 
istence; on  the  whole,  however,  the  lifiron  lias  been  unusually  suc- 
cessful. After  a  lapse  <tf  three  months  Mr.  Lucas  fojind  the  ex- 
penses incident  ti>  tbiinding  a  paprr  j^reater  than  he  had  anticij)ated, 
and  suspensittn  was  likely  to  follow.  It  was  the  wish  of  the  busi- 
ness men  that  the  paj»er  should  continue.  Acc«»nlin^ly  in  <»rder  to 
sustain  the   enterprise,  a   stock   comj)any   was  formed.     This  com- 

5 )anv  consisted  of  1*'.  .M.  (irimes,  '1.  H.  .Morton,  ,1.  ().  IJolin,  C. 
-:.  Holin,  J.  M.  Faris,  S.  Hudson,  W.  \U^i^,  W.  I).  Mitchell  and  L. 
Is'.  Hall.  Mr.  (trimes  was  chosen  President  of  the  company  and 
Mr.  Morton,  Secretary.  J.  M.  Faris  was  ajtpointed  editor.  He 
forthwith  eidar^ed  it  r«»  a  seven-column  i)aper,  and  advanced  the 
subscription  from  JJ^LOO  to  >*  1.50  per  year,  aditpted  the  "  i»atent(»ut- 
side,"  and  continued  its  publication  until  Aj>ril.  1876.  On  that 
date  the  paper  was  sold  to  F.  M.  (irimes,  its  present  editor,  who 
lias  since  purchased  all  of  the  shares  except  two,  which  have  not 
yet  been  olfeied  for  sale. 

Mr.  (J rimes  entoretl  ui)on  his  new  field  of  lalK>r  with  considerable 
enthusiasm.  He  brouijnt  to  bcjir  in  this  enterprise  a  well  stored 
mind,  a  ready  pen,  business  ai)ility  and  personal  j)opularity,  and  as 
a  result  has  obtained  a  most  siijnal  s\iccebs.  Duriiiij  the  j)a.'«t  year 
(1879)  this  j)aper  reached  a  circulation  greater  than  that  ever  at- 
tained by  any  other  j)aper  publi.she<l  in  Pike  county,  a  fact  of  which 
its  «^ditt)r  may  well  be  proud. 

Mr.  (irimes  continued  the  ftatent  side  until  January,  1877,  when 
he  bejfan  the  printing  of  the  entire  jiaper  in  the  office.  We  will 
remark  in  this  connection  that  in  point  of  equipment  this  office 
ranks  with  those  much  older.  It  is  suj)plied  with  a  lar^e  assort- 
ment of  the  l>e>t  material  and  modern  conveniences  of  the  preserva- 
tive art.  Mr.  (.irimes  carries  a  full  line  of  job-]»rinting  material, 
and  executes  some  tine  specitnens  in  tiiis  line. 

The  Beiicon  was  started  as  a  neutral  paper,  |)olitically.  But  the 
editor  believin<]^duty  called  him  to  d(»  battle  against  certain  measures 
which  he  considered  hii^hly  detrimental  to  our  common  country, 
and  to  advocate  others  which  were  subservient  to  national  prosper- 
ity, he  unfurled  the  standard  of  the  (ireenback  party  and  has  since 
done  valiant  service  in  its  behalf.  He  wields  a  powerful  pen.  and 
carries  conviction  to  almost  all  who  will  unprejudicedly  and  candidly 


HISTORY    OF    PIKK    COUNTY.  901 

follow  his  argnineiits.  As  an  antaf^onist  he  is  dreaded  hy  tlie  most 
influe?itial.  As  an  advocate  he  is  i'iinu'st,  luitiriiiir  iinfj  concen- 
trates his  unusual  ])uWL'rs  in  behalf  ut' the  measure  or  person  that  he 
is  suj)j)ortin<;.  AVe  coni;ratulate  the  people  of  Milton  and  vicinity 
in  havinn^  in  their  midst  a  paj)er  conducted  with  the  ability  and 
enterj)rise  of  the  Beacon. 

Frdncis  Marion  Grunts,  editor  of  the  Jiexion,  was  l)orn  in 
Montezuma  townsiiij»,  A])ril  ;iS,  1837.  He  is  the  son  of  James  and 
Nancy  (Davis)  Grimes,  well  known  early  settlers  of  Pike  county. 
His  father  was  born  in  County  Down,  Ireland,  Feb.  9,  1789,  and 
liis  mother  in  Warren  county,  Ky.,  Feb.  15,  171*7.  They  were 
united  in  marriaijje  Nov.  11,  IS  13,  and  came  to  Montezuma  town- 
ship in  1836.  His  father  died  Sept.  19,  1873,  and  his  mother  still 
survives  at  a  ripe  old  ai^e.  Our  subject  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and 
received  a  ijood  common-school  education.  At  the  age  of  19  he  be- 
gan teachint;  school  and  tauj'lit  for  20  consecutive  years  in  the 
schools  of  Montezuma  and  Pearl  townships,  this  count}'.  As  a 
teacher  he  was  eminently  successful,  as  attested  by  the  above,  and 
also  bv  the  fact  that  he  never  held  any  other  than  a  first-^rade  cer- 
titicate.  He  quit  teaching  in  xVpril,  1876,  and  took  possession  of 
the  editorial  chair  of  the  Beacon^  which  he  has  so  ably  filled  to  the 
present  time.  March  17,  1859,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Sarah  p],  Colvin,  the  sixth  child  of  Thomas  and  Rebecca  Colvin, 
now  deceased.  To  them  have  been  born  6  children,  namely, — 
Albert,  Luther,  Perry,  Henry,  Ina  and  RoUo.  Mr.  G.  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church  for  20  years,  and  a  zealous  worker 
in  the  temperance  cause  for  many  years.  He  now  also  holds 
membershi})  in  the  Masonic,  Odd  Fellows  and  Workmen  lodges. 
He  formerly  voted  with  the  Democratic  party,  but  })aid  little  atten- 
tion to  politics,  believing,  however,  that  the  financial  question  was 
paramount  to  all  others  at  the  present;  has  for  the  j)ast  year  devoted 
liis  time  and  enerijies  to  the  interests  of  the  National  Greenback 
party. 

PERRY    I'ARAGKAIMI. 

This  is  one  of  the  eight  newspaper  publications  of  Pike  county, 
and  like  the  others,  has  experienced  its  ups  and  downs.  It  is  con- 
ceded to  be  one  of  the  most  difficult  things  known  in  the  business 
world  to  establisli  a  local  paper  upon  a  paying  basis.  It  requires 
more  energy,  ])atience  and  perseverance  to  found  one  than  almostany 
other  business.  It  is  less  remunerative,  more  vexatious,  and  recpiires 
the  expenditure  of  greater  mental  and  physical  force  than  other 
enterprises.  Few  there  are  who  properly  appreciate  the  labors,  the 
trials  and  difficulties  of  a  country  editor,  lie  eni(jys  none  of  the 
advantages,  yet  he  is  expected  to  send  forth  a  sheet  that  will  com- 
pare favorably  with  the  large  dailies  of  cities. 

Mr.  Cobb,  the  editor  of  this  |)aper,  and  other  editors  can  aj)pre- 
ciate  the  force  of  these  remarks  perhaps  better  than  people  in  gen- 
eral.    He  recently  started  the  Paratjruph,  and  has  met  with  fair 


902  HI8T0KY    OF    PIKK    COl'NTY. 

success.  The  pjiper  is  independent  ])olitically,  reli^iousiy  and  in 
evervthini^  else.  It  is  tree  to  advocate  or  oppose  any  measure  or 
view  hmu^ht  hetbro  the  puhlic. 

//  V.  Cohh  was  burn  in  Cliautauqua  county,  X.  V.,  Auu^.  20, 
1845,  and  is  the  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Hale)  Cobb,  both  natives 
of  the  Empire  State.  His  father  is  of  Welsh  ancestry,  and  his 
mother  is  a  direct  descendant  of  Sir.  N[atthe\v  ILile.  ^fr.  C.  was 
united  in  nuirria«^e  Aui;.  12,  1^71,  with  Elizabeth  Purviance.  Three 
children  have  been  borne  to  them,  only  one  of  whom  is  now  living. 
Mr.  C.  learned  his  trade  in  New  York,  where  he  was  connected 
with  several  papers  in  the  State. 

THK  INUKI-ENDENT  I'KESS. 

This  is  the  latest  newspaj)er  enterprise  of  Pike  county,  and  has 
promise  of  beeominj;  one  of  the  most  popular  and  influential.  It 
tirst  greeted  the  public  Dec.  11,  1^7'J,  an  light-column  folio.  The 
typographical  ap|>earance  of  the  Pre^/t  is  neat  and  tasty.  Iiuleed, 
it  wouhi  reflect  hom»r  to  older  establishe<l  offices  to  send  outT  such 
excellent  (lualitv  of  work.  'Tiie  /V»v<«otHce  is  fiirnislu'd  all  throuirh 
with  the  best  material  and  presses,  and  for  meehanical  e.vecution 
the  job  work  <lone  at  this  ollice  will  compare  favorably  with  that 
turned  out  from  the  larger  est^iblishments  of  the  State.  Its  present 
editor,  A.  Hughes,  am]  its  proprietors,  Hughes  A:  Nelson,  are  thor- 
oughly enterprising  newspaper  men.  an<l  that  the  ])rogress  they' 
have  So  early  ma«le  is  appreciated  by  the  general  ])ublic,  is  evinced 
by  the  unusual  success  attending  their  enterprise. 

TTie  Independent  Press,  which  is  published  at  Griggsville,  was 
founded,  as  its  name  implies,  as  an  independent  journal  so  far  as 
})olitics  or  religion  are  concerned.  Its  editor  believes  he  win  e.xert  a 
greater  influence  uiuler  that  banner  than  under  jmy  other.  He  will 
not  be  influenced  by  party  or  sect.  He  advocjites  such  measures, 
national,  munici|»al,  religious  and  social,  as  will  best  subserve  the 
interests  of  the  mass  of  the  community,  regardless  of  any  party, 
cli<pie  or  individual.  As  sucli  a  journal,  it  deserves,  as  it  has,  the 
patronage  of  all  classes.  As  the  l)etter  to  set  forth  the  princij>les 
of  this  paper,  we  (lUote  from  its  salutatory  a  remark  or  two  in 
reference  Xo  this  jioint.  The  cdit<tr  says  :  ''  The  Pr<s8  will  not  l>e  a 
]>artisan  sheet  in  accordance  with  the  generally  accepted  tenets  of 
either  of  the  established  political  parties.  Our  politics  and  religion 
will  be  indc}>endent  so  tar  as  the  paper  is  concerned."  *  ♦  * 
*'  In  our  advocacv  of  measures,  be  they  cosmopolitan  or  local,  we 
will  only  be  guided  by  what  we  conceive  to  be  the  right,  and  will 
best  conserve  the  true  interests  of  this  city,  county.  State  and 
nation.  In  the  interest  of  the  merchant  we  shall  advocate  the  best 
means  of  develo|>ing  trade  :  in  the  interests  of  all  we  shall,  by 
using  every  means  in  our  power,  tight  against  rings,  monopolies, 
and  every  species  of  fraud  that  has  a  tendency  to  retard  or  lessen 
the  people's  interest." 

A  local  journal   established  upon   such  a  broad  and  liberal  plat- 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNIT.  903 

form,  and  evinciiii^  the  eiitei'i»rise  uiul  jiublic  spirit  tlie  I^ress  has, 
shoiikl  receive  the  iinclivided  6U]>j)i)rt  ot"  men  of  all  parties,  creeds 
and  opinions.  It  is  not  hampered  or  circumscribed  hy  ]>artisan 
princij>le8  of  any  nature,  save  truth  and  probity.  The  Press  is 
publislied  each  Thurt.day.     Subscription,  $l..iO  jier  year. 

Arnold  Jlio/hes,  editor  of  tlie  Press,  is  a  native  of  Missouri,  grew 
up  attending  the  common  schools.  He  served  an  apprenticesliip 
at  the  printer's  trade  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  and  has  since  devoted 
himself  to  his  profession  with  zeal  and  energy.  As  a  writer  he  is 
original,  pointed  and  entertaining.  His  locals  are  fresh  and  crisp, 
his  editorials  are  able,  logical  and  convincing,  and  as  a  business 
man  possesses  much  ])ractical  knowledge.  It  is  our  wish,  as  it  is 
that  of  the  general  public,  that  Messrs.  Hughes  &  Nelson  will 
make  a  success  of  their  new-born  enterprise, 

OTHER    PAPERS. 

The  RadicalioY  a  brief  time  was  published  as  the  exponent  of  a 
sentiment.  It  was  edited  with  vim,  by  Charles  J.  Sellon,  who  was 
afterward  a  vigorous  and  useful  editor  of  the  Illinois  State  Jour- 
nal, at  Springfield.  He  enlisted  in  the  Union  army,  but  was  dis- 
charged on  account  of  deafness.  He  died  a  young  man,  mourned 
by  his  family  and  many  friends.  He  was  buried  in  the  grave-yard 
of  St.  Stephen's  Church,  Pittstield,  111. 

The  Radical  was  suddenly  reduced  to  The  Radi,  which  was 
conducted  by  O.  W.  Toplitf  for  a  short  time,  and  then  was  discon- 
tinued altogether. 

A  Republican  paper  called  The  Morning  Star,  was  once  started 
by  Wm.  Overstreet,  in  Pittsfield,  but  did  not  last  long. 


!  CFIAPTEIi  \X. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 
RAILROADS. 

TIk'  railroad  is  coin|):irHtively  a  new  enterprise  tu  Pike  county. 
In  reference  to  ineiinn  of  transportation  tins  county  is  ^^reatly 
favored  hy  nature.  Indeed,  there  h  no  county  in  the  State  to 
wliieh  nature  i^ave  such  ahiimlant  and  convenient  channels  of  trans- 
portati«»n  as  to  Pike.  Here  are  two  of  the  tinebt  water  cour.ses  in 
America  washing  its  shores,  and  n<t  portion  of  the  county  ovor 
half  a  day's  drive  from  one  of  them.  Without  a  railroad  many  of 
the  northern  counties  of  the  State  would  yet  l>e  in  their  native  con- 
dition. Vet  Pike  county  could,  and  did,  get  alonj;  verv  con- 
venientlv  witiiout  a  railroad. 

As  early  as  May,  1860,  a  railroad  was  jirojected,  principally  by 
Messrs.  Stnrne  ami  Ilatxdi.  This  road  wha  known  as  the  Pike 
County  Road,  aiid  later  as  th(>  IIannil>al  and  .Naples  roa<l.  Some 
^'radin^  was  done,  hut  the  county,  at  a  ;;»'neral  election,  refused 
aid,  and  the  project  wa.*;  abandoned  until  after  the  war,  when, 
throu^di  the  elforts  of  Judge  IIi:,'bee,  Scott  Wike,  James  S.  Irwin, 
Hon.  AVni.  .v.  (Triinslmw,  W.  Steers,  of  Pittsfield,  N[essrs.  Brown 
aiul  Wike,  of  Parry,  and  Messrs.  McWilliams,  Ward,  Philbrick 
and  others,  of  Griggsville,  the  enterprise  was  revived  and  pushed 
to  completion. 

Originally  about  $3?>0,000  were  expended  (»n  the  old  Pike 
road  ;  ajul  (»f  this  sum  the  city  of  Hannibal  furnished  as  a  city 
$L*00.(>0(),  the  townships  on  the  line  of  the  road  s70,0()0,  an<l  indi- 
viduals in  Hannibal  and  Pike  county  the  balance.  The  money 
sub>cribed  was  faithfully  expended  under  the  direction  of  Mr. 
Starne.  the  President  of  the  road,  and  a  competent  engineer;  the 
war  Commenced  and  the  road  failed,  as  did  most  of  the  ]»ublic  en- 
terprises of  the  country.  It  was  at  that,  time  in  debt  to  Mr, 
Clough,  one  of  the  enj;ineers,  about  |ll,000,  and  upon  a  suit  com- 
menced by  him  a  judgment  was  rendered  against  the  road  for  his 
debt.  The  friends  of  the  road  were  anxious  that  it  should  not  be 
sacrificed,  and  wlien  it  was  sold,  bid  it  in  in  the  name  of  Scott  Wike, 
for  $I,039,who  transferred  the  certificate  of  purchase  to  the  Directors 
of  the  old  road.  Mes.-^rs.  A.  Starne,  B.  D.  Brown.  ( ).  M.  IIatch,CTeorge 
Wike,  Geo.  W.  Shields,  J.  G.  Ilelrae.  James  McWilliams  and  Scott 


HISTORY    OF    I'IKK    COUNTY.  905 

Wike;  and  the  Sheriff  made  tlicm  a  deed  Feb.  12,  1863.  They 
were  tlieii  iiicorj)oratcd  as  the  llaiiiiilial  6c  Naples  Railn^ad  Coiu- 
aiiy.  Mr.  Shields  was  the  -Mayor  of  the  city  of  liaiinibal,  and 
Ir.  llehne  a  large  property-holder  therCi  They  were  directors  of 
the  old  road,  and  were  appointed  by  the  City  Council  to  look  after 
the  interests  of  tiie  city.  The  other  t^entlonien  were  directors  in 
the  old  road  and  large  ])roperty-holders  in  Pike  county. 

When  the  a;;itation  incident  to  the  Rebellion  had  sul)sided  and 
the  people  again  turned  to  the  improvement  of  their  homes  and 
the  carrying  «.>utot'  home  enterprises,  the  completion  of  this  road 
was  urged. 

Enthusiastic  meetings  were  held  throughout  the  county  in  De- 
cember, 1867.  The  proposition  by  the  Supervisors  to  bond  the 
county  was  defeated  by  a  ]>opular  vote  Dec.  24, — 2,777  for,  to  2,841 
against,  one  of  the  largest  votes  ever  cast  in  the  county. 

At  a  railroad  meeting  held  at  the  court-house  in  Pittstield  Dec. 
30,  1868,  resolutions  for  jiushing  the  railroad  interests  of  the 
county  were  passed,  and  a  committee  appointed,  headed  by  AVm. 
A.  Grimshaw.  to  "  take  the  requisite  steps  to  carry  out  the  project 
of  railroad  connections  for  Pittstield  and  Pike  coiinty  with  the 
Chicago  vfe, Alton,  or  the  Pennsylvania  Central,  or  any  other  roads 
interested  and  willing  to  co-operate  with  Pittsfield  and  Pike 
county." 

At  the  same  time  there  was  a  project  ot'  a  railroad  from  Loui- 
siana, Mo.,  to  run  west  to  the  Missouri  river,  headed  by  Thomas  L. 
Price,  then  a  railroad  king  in  the  West. 

Ten  miles  of  the  Hannibal  A:  Naples  road  were  completed  Feb. 
18,  18G9,  namely,  to  Kinderhook,  and  a  banquet  and  great  rejoic- 
ing were  had  on  the  occasion,  in  a  car  at  Kinderhook. 

in  pursuance  of  an  official  call  a  railroad  meeting  was  held  at 
Pittstield,  March  8,  1869,  with  R.  A.  McClintock  Chairman  and 
J.  M.  Bush  Secretary,  when  Col.  A.  C.  Matthews  exj)laiiicd  the  ob- 
ject of  the  meeting.  A  committee  was  appointed,  one  fnjui  each 
township  represented,  to  assess  the  sum  of  Sl50,000  among  the 
various  townships  embraced  in  the  call.  The  meeting  passed  a 
resolution  indorsing  the  act  of  the  Legislature  providing  for  the  re- 
funding to  the  several  townshii)S  and  counties,  the  contracting 
debts  for  railroads,  the  entire  taxes  on  such  railroad  property, 
and  the  excess  of  all  State  taxes  over  the  assessment  of  1868. 

August,  1869,  the  Ilaunii)al  \'  Naples  road  reached  a  point 
within  2^  miles  of  New  Salem;  reached  Griggsvillo  in  September; 
railroad  completed  in  October;  crossed  the  Illinois  river  Jan.  20, 
1870;  Feb.  11,  tinished  to  Pittstield.  At  that  time  a  grand  free 
excursion  was  given,  when  the  following  incident  occurred:  The 
train  being  gone  about  three  hours  longer  than  was  exj)ected,  par- 
ties who  had  been  left  behind  beijan  to  feel  uneasv.  One  man,  whose 
wife  and  son  were  with  the  excursionists,  with  his  remaining  son 
built  a  tire  near  the  track;  and  while  waiting  with  great  anxiety 
for  the   return  of  the  train,  the  little  bov  started  toward   the  track. 


906  lUSTOKY    («F    PIKK    COUNTY. 

The  father  in  his  a«j^uny  Siiid.  "  Don't,  my  son;  don't  go  near  the 
track;  I'm  atraici  some  dreadtul  accident  lias  haj»|>ene<l  ainl  you 
ami  1  will  both  he  orphans."  When  the  train  at  last  arriveil  all 
safe  and  sound,  there  was  ojreat  rejoicing.  The  contract  for  build- 
ing the  railroad  from  Pittsfield  to  the  11.  &  N.  road  was  let  July 
24,  ISOO,  to  Hon.  A.  Starne.  Work  was  immediately'  begun  and 
before  a  year  had  passed  trains  were  running. 

After  the  Hannibal  vfc  Na|)le8  lload  wascomj)leted,  it  was  changed 
soon  after  t<»  the  Tdedo,  Wabash  &  Western  Railway,  and  in 
^far('h,  18sO,  when  the  great  Wabash  line  came  in  possession  of 
the  T.,  P.  A:  W.  Ry.  and  other  lines,  it  was  changed  to  the  Wa- 
bash, St.  Louis  A:  I'acitic  Railway.  About  the  time  of  the  couj- 
pletion  of  the  II.  Si  X.  roail.  other  roads  were  projected.  In  May, 
1s<;h,  a  line  was  surveyed  from  Rushville,  via  Mt.  Sterling  to  Pitts- 
field. 

In  the  summer  of  1S60  special  etiorts  were  made  by  the  citizeuB 
of  the  county  to  complete  the  ])rojected  railroads,  ami  at  a  meeting 
of  the  citizens  of  Pittsfield  and  S'ewburg  townships  at  Pittstielu, 
June  17,  committees  were  aj»pointe«|  to  devise  ways  and  means  to 
raise  the  amitunt  retj^uired  ot  them,  namely,  ^.'{2,000.  C.  P.  Chap- 
man was  aj>|>ointed  Chairman  of  said  committee. 

In  the  spring  of  1871,  everything  pertaining  to  the  railroad 
interests  of  the  county  seemed  to  be  lying  dead'or  asleep,  and  the 
susjMcion  of  the  people  In'gan  to  l)e  anuised  tiiat  the  enterprise  was 
abaiuloned,  when  (ien.  Singleton,  President  of  the  Quincy,  Alton 
*k  St.  Louis  road,  announced  that  that  co»npany  were  waiting  to 
obtain  the  right  of  way  through  Quincy.  This  road  was  s«)on  com- 
pleted, followitig  the  line  of  the  .Mississippi  tVom  the  northern  line 
of  the  county  to  the  southern  where  it  crosses  the  river  at  Louisiana. 

In  the  spring  of  ls72  it  was  ]>n»po8ed  to  build  a  road  to  Perry 
Springs,  contiecting  with  the  Hob-tail  to  Pitthtiehl.  At  this  time 
the  county  of  Pike  ami  the  townships  of  Pittsfield  and  \ewl»urg 
had  invested  |»13:i,'>00  in  the  Pittsheld  branch,  with  no  prospect 
of  dividends;  but  it  was  propo8e<l  to  issue  county  bonds  of  $10,000 
to  $12,000  per  mile  on  the  Pittsfield  branch,  on  which  the  Wabash 
company  should  guaranty  the  interest,  thus  enabling  them  to  negoti- 
ate the  bonds  at  a  f;iir  rate. 

The  Quincy,  Payson  *fc  Southeastern  nilroad  was  projected  to 
make  a  direct  line  to  Pittsfield  through  Payson,  thence  nearly 
directly  east  to  Effingham,  to  connect  for  Cincinnati  and  the  East, 
but  nothing  definite  has  been  done. 

The  Chicago,  Alton  vfc  St,  Louis  ran  the  "  Louisiana,"  or 
"Kansas  City"  branch  through  the  southern  townships  of  this 
county  seven  or  eight  years  ago.  This  was  done  without  local  aid 
from  this  county,  but  received  lielj)  from  the  city  of  Louisiana. 
This  is  a  first-class  road,  and  opened  up  a  most  prolific  part  of 
Pike  county.  At  this  time  a  railroad  bridge  was  built  across  the 
Mississippi  at  Loiiisiana.  Aug.  1,  ls71,  a  magnificent  bridge  was 
completed  across  the  same  river  at  Hannibal. 


^MivajJ//77^ 


BARRY 


MISTOKY    OF    riKE    COUNTY.  909 

SNY  ISLAND  LEVKK. 

Alons:  the  whole  of  the  west  side  of  Pike  county  there  runs  a 
bajou  of  the  !Mississip])i  river,  named  by  the  early  French  Ch*nial 
Ecarte  (crooked  chniiTiol)  hut  in  Kn<:^lish  i^enerally  called  "  Sny," 
for  short,  from  the  French  pronunciation  of  Chenal.  This  hayou 
commences  in  Adams  county  about  12  miles  below  Quinc}',  and 
runs  southeasterly  somewhat  parallel  with  the  river,  until  it  ends 
in,  Calhoun  county,  its  channel  bein^  generally  about  midway 
between  the  river  and  the  bluffs.  The  low  land  drained  by  this 
"bayou,"  "channel,"  "  slough,"  "creek,"  etc.,  as  it  is  variously 
called,  comprises  about  1 10.000  acres.  This  was  subject  to  overflow 
every  spring,  and  being  the  most  fertile  oround  in  the  West,  it  is 
very  important  that  it  be  reclaimed  if  possible.  AV^ithout  improve- 
ment it  is  entirely  useless,  and  even  a  source  of  malai'ia  and 
sickness. 

Consequently,  in  the  year  1870  a  movement  was  set  on  foot  to 
reclaim  this  vast  tract  of  rich  land  by  an  embankment  near  the 
river.  To  aid  in  this  great  enterprise  the  Legislature  passed  an 
act,  approved  April  24,  ISTl,  authorizing  the  issue  of  bonds,  to  be 
paid  by  special  assessments  on  the  lands  Ijenefited.  To  carry  out 
the  ])rovisions  of  this  act  "The  Mississippi  Levee  Drainage  Com- 
pany "  was  organized  about  the  first  of  August,  1871,  by  a  meeting 
of  the  citizens  of  Pike  and  Adams  counties,  electing  a  board  of 
directors,  with  S.  M.  Spencer,  President,  other  officers,  and  a  board 
of  commissioners.  The  citizens  also  drew  up  and  signed  a  petition 
for  the  appointment  of  the  commissioners  according  to  law,  where- 
upon the  Count}'  Court  (R.  M.  Atkinson,  Judge)  appointed  Geo. 
W.  Jones,  William  Dnstin  and  John  G.  Wheelock,  Commissioners, 
Mr.  Dnstin's  place,  after  his  death,  being  filled  l)y  P)enjamin  F. 
Westlake.  For  the  construction  of  the  levee  they  issued  bonds,  bear- 
ing interest  at  10  j)er  cent.,  and  they  were  sold  mostly  in  the  East- 
ern markets,  some  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  the  interest  payable  annually. 
Accordingly  the  levee  was  constructed  in  1872-4,  at  a  cost  of  about 
$650,000. 

But  the  manner  of  collecting  assessments  authorized  by  this  act 
was  called  in  question  by  a  case  brought  up  to  the  Sujireme  Court 
from  the  Wabash  river,  where  similar  work  was  being  done,  and 
the  Court  decided  that  feature  of  the  act  to  be  unconstitutional.  A 
similar  case  went  up  to  that  tribunal  from  this  county,  and  the 
Court  re-affirmed  its  former  decision.  It  was  then  thought  expe- 
dient to  procure  an  amendment  to  the  State  Constitution;  the 
necessary  resolution  was  submitted  to  the  ]>eople  by  the  30th  Gen- 
eral Assembly,  and  it  was  adoj)ted  by  an  overwhelming  majority. 
Thereupon  another  act  was  passed  by  the  31st  General  Assembly, 
to  make  the  law  conform  to  the  constitution  as  amended,  anti  under 
this  act  the  owners  of  lands  on  the  Sny  bottom  proposed  to  con- 
struct a  drainage  district  to  be  known  as  "  The  Sny  Island  Levee 
Drainage  District.*' 


910  ni8TuRY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

Tlie  levee,  as  at  first  pntjocted,  was  coinjilottMl,  as  Itofore  6tatc<l, 
but  it  has  proveil  wholly  insiitlicient,  as  the  Mississijipi  llood,  aided 
l)y  hi<^h  winds,  in  April,  187G,  l)r(»ke  through  the  eiiibuiikiueiit,  and 
all  the  low  land  was  inundated,  destroyinj;  crops,  oarryin<^  away 
fences,  and  driving;  out  the  inhabitants.  No  one,  however,  was 
drowned,  but  plantin<^  was  retarded.  The  l>reaches  were  soon 
repaireil,  but  more  lately  a  new  company  has  been  ort^anized  to 
imj)rove  the  levee  and  make  it  perfect,  tlmt  is,  capable  of  ])rotect- 
in«;  the  bottom  land  against  such  a  hii;h  water  as  there  was  in  1851. 

This  levee  is  by  far  the  largest  above  \'icksburg,  bein»(  aliout  .'i2 
miles  in  length,  comnjencing  on  a  sand  ridge  in  Adams  county, 
and  e.xtemling  into  Calhoun  county.  It  is  constructed  of  the  saiulv 
Soil  along  its  line,  and  readily  becomes  sodded  and  overgrown  with 
willow  and  other  small  i,a<>wth.  The  streams  which  f(»rmerly 
emjftied  intcj  the  Mississipjii  n«»w  lind  their  way  into  Hay  creek, 
and  then  into  Hamburg  bay,  in  Calhoun  county.  A  few  farms 
were  ojuned  in  the  bottom  before  the  construction  «)f  the  levee, 
but  sinc't'  that  work  was  completed  the  land  is  becoming  ])rett,y 
well  coveri'tl  with  farms,  occupied  by  a  good,  indu>trious  class  of 
citizens.  The  time  may  come  wiien  the  dwellers  in  this  land  will 
beconie  a  power  in  the  county. 

We  desire  here  to  state  to  the  j)ublic.  with  .>ome  em|ihasi.>,  that 
neither  the  countv  nor  any  municipality  in  the  same  is  in  any 
manner  liable  \'ov  the  bonds  issued  in  aid  of  the  construction  of  this 
levee.  Neither  the  State,  county  nor  towns  took  any  part  in  the 
issue  of  the  bonds,  or  in  the  construction  of  the  work.  The  enter- 
prise wa^  a  |>rivate  one,  and  the  fact  that  the  bonds  are  not  jtaid 
reflects  on  no  one.  The  law  under  which  they  were  issued  was 
declared  unc«)nstitutional,  and  in  such  cases  the  bonds  must  fall 
with  the  law. 

On  the  completior)  of  the  levee  the  source  of  water  8U])ply  for 
the  Kockport  mills,  situated  on  the  Sny,  was  of  course  mostly  cut 
off.  Conse(|uently,  about  Sept.  15,  1S74.  the  proprietors  of  the 
mills,  Messrs.  Shaw  S:  Rupert,  hired  parlies  in  St.  Louis  t(»  come 
up  and  cut  the  levee,  having  been  a<ivised  that  they  h:ul  lawful 
authoritv  to  "abate  the  nuisance"  bv  their  own  act.  (Jreat  e.vcite- 
ment  was  occasi«)ne<l  by  this  transaction,  and  during  the  ensuing 
litigation  the  mill  j)roprietors  obtained  a  mandamus  for  opening 
the  Siiv;  but  a  settlement  was  H nal I v effected  bv  a  compromise  witli 
the  drainage  company,  the  latter  paying  the  former  ^30,000.  The 
mill,  however,  was  subsequently  destroyed  by  lire. 


HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNH'. 


9U 


COUNTY    treasurer's    REPORT    MADE    NOVEMBER    30,    1879. 

Jh  hitx. 

To  amount  on  hand  Dec.  1,  1S7S |21,020.2l 

To  tax  levied  on  nil  property  for  1S7S 1(),!)44.27 

To  money  collected  troiu  other  sources 4,243.55 


Total  debit.s. 


130,214.03 

Cndita. 

County  Orders  and  jury  certiticates  i»aid $23.h34.21 

Other  credits 4,450.69 


Balance  cash  due  County  Dec.  1,  IVTU. 


^28,284  90 
7,»29.13 

136,214.03 


M.\KRIAr.E    LICENSES. 


Tlie  folluwiiifj  table  ijive.s  tlie  number  of  Marriajre  Licenses  annu- 


ally issued  since  18:^0; 


1827 

.  .   .  .    (5 

182H 

19 

1S2!» 

21 

1830 

22 

1831 

2.5 

1832 

47 

1833 

34 

1834 

50 

1835 

49 

183C 

57 

1837  

100 

1838 

10(j 

1839. 

110 

1840 

115 

1841 

121 

1842 

IGO 

1843 

147 

1844 

153 

1845 159  1863 2.52 


1846 101 

1847 180 

1848 232 

1849 203 

ia50 199 

1851 213 

1852 246 

1853 241 

1854 220 

1855 230 

1856 275 

1857 377 

ia58 259 

1859 279 

1860 2.58 

1861 235 

153  1862 227 


1864 

260 

1865 

380 

1866 

370 

1H(]7 

357 

1868 

374 

1869 

273 

1870 

270 

1871 

258 

1872 

271 

1873  . 

250 

1874 

297 

1875  

281 

1876 

282 

1877 

285 

1878 

309 

1879 

313 

1880  to  .Ian.  26 15 


AGRICULTURAL  STATISTICS. 

In  1877  the  number  of  acres  of  corn  raised  in  Pike  county  were 
87,40.5;  number  of  bushels  produced,  2,888,802;  winter  wheat  71.- 
219  acres;  yield.  982,4.53  bu.shcls;  sprin*)^  wheat,  OG  acres;  yield 
1,682  bushels;  oats,  5,559  acres;  yield  122,540;  rye,  41 4 acres;  yield 
4,371  bushels;  barley,  16  acres;  yield  210  bushels;  buckwheat,  41 
acres;  yield  421  bushels;  beans,  33  acres;  yield  313  bushels;  Irish 
potatoes,  1,122  acres;  yield  66,649  bushels;  sweet  ])otatoes,  3  acres, 
yield  243  bushels.  Ap])le orchards  4,656  acres;  yield  168,535  busli- 
els;  peach  orchards  202  acres;  yield  2,213  bushels;  pear  orchards  5 
acres;  yield  4  bushels;  tobacco  70  acres;  yield  42,265  pounds;  broom- 
corn  2  acres;  yielil  1,000  ])ouiids;  timothy  meatl(»w  14,200  acres  ; 
yield  17,801  tons;  clover  3,302  acres;  yield  3,445  tons;  prairie 
meadow  283  acres,  j-ield  401  tons;  IIun<rarian  and  millet,  60  acres, 
yield  149  tons;  sorgho,  97  acres,  yield  8,520  gallons  of  syrup  made; 
vineyard  5!»  acres,  yield  7,345  gallons  of  wine  made;  turni))s  and 
other  root  crops.  4'.»S  acres,  valui;  of  cro]>s  ]>roiluceil  $2,037;  other 


912  HISTORY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY. 

tViiit  and  berries  not  included  al)ove  or  in  orclnird,  S.")  acres,  value 
$22'.);  otiier  crops  not  named  above,  1,1».')0  acres,  value  $0,437. 
Pasture,  not  includinj»  wood  land,  33,228  acres;  wood  land,  ncjt  in- 
cluded as  pasture,  87,371 ;  uncultivated  land  not  included  as  wood 
land  or  ])asture,  00,50')  acres.  Area  in  city  and  town  real  estate 
not  included  al)()ve,  l,0»t5  acres.  Nunil)er  of  slieo|)  killed  by  do^s, 
791,  averai^e  value  j»er  iiead  $2.(>7;  number  of  pounds  of  wool 
sheared,  49,009;  number  of  fat  sheep  sold  2,378,  averaeje  weiji^ht 
per  head  99  [tuunds;  number  of  cows  kej)t  0,002;  ])()unds  butter 
sold  78,430;  pounds  of  cheese  sold  325;  "i^allons  of  cream  s<dd  10; 
gallons  of  milk  soUl  s,538;  number  of  fat  cattle  sold  4,747;  average 
gross  weight  1,002  pounds;  number  of  fat  hogs  sold  35,947;  aver- 
age weight  jier  head  23.'t;  number  of  h<»gs  and  pigs  died  (»f  cholera 
30,259;  average  weight  per  lieail  70  pounds.  Number  of  bushels 
timothy  seed  prtttluced,  510;  of  clover  seed  977;  of  Hungarian  and 
millet  33;  number  of  pounds  of  granes  01,715. 

In  1878  the  agricultural  returns  (»f  Pike  county,  were  as  follows: 
C(»rn,  74.552  acres,  and  2,:'.14,20!»  l)ushels;  winter  wheat,  S(i, 800 
acres  and  l,o92,725  bu>hels:  sj)ring  wheat,  00  acres,  108  bushels; 
oats,  5,050  acres,  136,4;{3  bushels;  rye,  GO  acres,  338  bushels;  buck- 
wheat, 19  acres,  217  bushels;  castor  beans,  1  acre,  4  l)ushels  ;  beans, 
10  acres,  67  l>ushels  ;  |>eas,  1<»  acres,  014  bushels;  Irish  j>otatoes, 
511  acres,  34,08^  bushel>;  .sweet  potatoes, 10  acres,  420  bushels;  apj)lo 
orchani,  4,290  acres,  fruit  r»0,S47  bushels;  peach  orchanl,  49  acres, 
1,085  bushels;  pear  orchard,  1  acre.  Id  busliels;  tobacco,  1  I  acres, 
5,500  pounds;  bn»om-oorn,  19  acres,  10.<»OO  poumis;  timothy 
meadow,  13,390  acres,  17,2t>8  tons  of  hay  j>roduced;  clover  meadow, 
4,(516  acres,  ♦5,334  tons;  prairie  meadow,  33  acres,  29  tons  of  hay; 
Ilungjirian  and  millet,  05  acres,  74  tons;  sorglx),  152  acres,  11,017 
gallons  of  syrup  made;  vineyard,  71  acres,  958  gallons  of  wine 
made;  turnips  and  other  root  crops,  I09  acres,  value  of  crop  raised, 
$l,o;»4;  otiier  fruits  and  b;^?rries,  not  include<l  in  above  and 
orchard,  58  acres;  value  of  croj)s,  $734;  other  crops  not  named 
above,  2,284  acres;  value  of  crops,  $4,50O;  pjusture,  not  including 
wood  land.  33,773  acres;  wood  land,  not  included  as  pasture.  (55,044 
acres;  uncultivated  land,  not  included  as  wood  land  or  psisture, 
20,340  acres.  Number  of  sheep  killed  by  dogs,  958;  average  value 
per  head,  $1."^3,  total  value,  $1,755;  nujnber  of  pounds  of  wool 
shorn,  47,0^3;  numl)er  of  fat  sheep  sold,  1,389;  average  weight  per 
head,  7<>  pounds;  number  of  cows  kept,  2,891;  pounds  of  butter 
sold,  30,941 ;  ])ound6  of  cheese  sold,  725;  gallons  of  cream  S(dd,  190; 
gallons  ot  milk  sold,  10,288;  number  of  fat  wittle  sold,  3,965,  aver- 
age weight  per  head,  '.♦45  pounds;  total,  3,745.527  ])ounds;  hogs, 
number  sold,  30,578;  average  weight  per  head,  240  pounds;  total, 
8,670,516  p()unds;  number  of  hogs  and  pigs  died  of  cholera,  30,^11; 
average  weight  ]>er  head,  35  pounds;  total  number  of  pounds, 
l,07o,9'»l.  Number  of  bushels  of  timothy  seed  produced,  265; 
clover  seed,  1.827  l»ushels;  Hungarian  and  millet  seed,  33  bushels; 
number  of  pounds  of  grapes,  48,300. 


IIISTOUY    OF    PIKE   COUNTY 


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Horses. 
Average  Value. 


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Catlle. 
Average  Value. 


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Carriages  &  Wagons. 


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Pianos. 


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Acres  of  Improved 
Land. 


to  lo  to  to  H-  to  to  to  —  — 

—    H- 

to  to  —  O  -}  1—  10  O  «S  X 

OS  C  c:  it  c:  4-  4-  iT  4-  -J 

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Acres  of  Unimproved 

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Total  Value  of  Land 


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Total   Value  of  Per- 
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Total   Assessed 
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Acres  of  Corn. 


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it 

OS  to  "*  •™*  •"^ 

4.  X  to  it  OS 

it  c:  —  X  — 
OS  it  - 1  OS  — 


Acres  of  Wheat. 


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Acres  Other  Products 


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914 


UISfORY    OF    J'lKE   COUNTY. 


TABLE    OF    niSTANCKS. 

On  the  ne.xt  page  is  triveii  a  table  of  distances  between  all  the 
towns  ut'tliis  ('oiinty,  in  a  eondenstMl  and  available  t'urni.  The  names 
of  the  j)laceo  are  ^iven  in  alphabetical  order  (^except  one  in  each), 
and  the  table  is  arrani;ed  like  the  nuiltijdication  tables  of  the  ohl 
arithmetics  of  onr  school  days  in  ]»ionecr  times.  Therefore,  to 
tind  the  distance  from  any  one  |)lace  to  an<»ther,  yon  trace  tiie 
Column  of  ti<;ures  rnnnin<;  out  from  each  until  they  meet;  tlie  num- 
ber at  that  jioint  is  the  nnmber  (»f  miles  by  wai^on  rt)ad,C(»iintingon  a 
level,  as  surveyors  of  land  do,  between  the  two  desijrnated  j)oints. 


-  /   {  ;-;  -  -  -  -  7-  X  ^  ^  y.  '-S  &g  IS  ii  75  S  r.  "^  n  M  r              ?  K  ~  > 

w 

tr 

.•....•••■•••■*•••*•.*•••..•... 
■  •.•••••••••«.••••••••«■•..•>.. 

o 

it-    w'. 

iltyCity. 

1  .me. 

Si  r                                                              /  rr  ~  — 

MimiiHT   Hill. 

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Martinsburg. 
Kiiiderhook. 
Hull's. 
CiiirjTsville 
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n  —  .Z.  ZTi  o  'i- 

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niSTuUY    OF    I'lKli   CULNTY 


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No.  Males  under  21. 


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No.Fcmales  under  21 


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I  Totnl     No.  Persons 
I      uiuler  21. 


00^l3oO-5t»»-OQCQC0CC0-J-^«0(Xe0-3CT(»C0oS 

Whole  No.  Districts. 

if.      x..uaoe:i-'      ^c:r;H-cc 

(X  il  -J  —  C.  QC  QC'         4-  —  i-l  ^  cc 

CC  c:  --  4».  ic  cc  jc  «r  4- 

ii  cc  cr  cc  ►-  14  c:  c:  05 

Whole     No.    Pupils 
f^nrolled. 

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C5-ji-'c;icn~ao56so 

No.  Male  Teachers. 

OT  N-  H^  CO  *.  O  CO  O  (^  -'t  Cl  CO  OS 

oS»CnOCC-3^00 

No  .Female Teachers. 

—                      I-* 
CnCCO-ltS-J>*»OCC-J00CC-J- 

-■»  CC  «  CC  -J  CT       CO  c  I^ 

No.  School-houses 

CO  H-  -1  > 


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ii  <i  ^ 


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coo 


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Total  Receipts  for 
Year  Pending  Sept. 
;jO,  187S. 


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c 
c 

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H 

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►—I 

cc 
H 

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ex 


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(C  -J 
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o  o 


:  O  C  O 
:  O  O  O 


Am't  Paid  Teachers. 


I* 

CO  C.T  : 
CC  li, 

4-   X  . 


CT  «-'  c;i  CC  4-  CC  ic  CC   cc  -^   jc  »c  cc 
—  cc  4-  4-  <c  ii  - 1  cc  O'  cc  — '  X  C  X  4- 

cc-tccJ--»  —  —  —  ~.  4-x  r:  ccccx 


Total  Expenses,  1878 


li,  —  -.J-  IC  X  -  »  — 

I— '  *c  /c  c;  c  c  o 

C»     O      wf     C      ^       ~       * 


r    CT   —    Ji  li 

^■t  —  JO  ^  cc 


<o.3A> 


0  10         C-.  cc— '— 'JO-lrf^CC  —  .^ 

sec       4-~s:X4-ciXX;Oc: 

~  ~        i-T  i'  ~.  O  JO  O  OT  i'  O  ir 


Value  of  School 
ProiMirt}-. 


."3* 


I— •>— 11— itOi— '•— '>i»}0  —  *»>— 'tf-4-         to '-'>*»  JO  "ji    I 

r:;     ?-:'  r;  r;  '-^  5'  ~i  =  if  !e  j^  -3  ^  Jo  iS  -Vx  -  §  Si  ii  I  Principal   of   Town 
£1     o  H  ^.rj -,ri5ti- c"to  X  4-5>£cc  ~jcr.  X  r^  I  ship  Fund. 

o      c  o  o  o  c  o  o  o  o  o  c  o  9  =  o  o  o  o  o  o  I 


o»  0-  ^.  r:  - » to  *-  *x  Cf  o  s:  ^  c;       r.'  t  ^  £•  i!  ^'  — '  —  i.' 

COOOOOOOOOOOO    O  OCOOOwOO  ' 


llijrhest  Monthly 
Wfiircs  Paid 
Male  Tcachii-s. 


cc4-.ccc-'4-i£->(>'Cc4'>(-cc4-      4.c.'<iU>t.cccc>ur:i£- 

C«T  ii  O  d  if  O  C  -»  Ci  C  C'  O        O  CI  -'  C  Ci  O  O  JO  o 


Iliehest   Monthly 

Wages  Paid 
Female    Teachers. 


to  ^  cc  4.  cc  ^  *-  JO  ic  c;  cc  4.  JO       »o  c:  rf^  ■*•  cc  jo  ^  J.o  i_o 

o  5o  o  ooSJ5S55oS      o5o  ooSo  o  o 


Lowest    Monthly 
Wages  Paid 
Male  Teacljers. 


■^  JO  to  10  10  to  ►—  to  to  —  to  JO    to  JO  to  JO  to  ^  to  to  JO 

L,r  o  i'  JO  O  Cf  Cn  i»  C.»  X  C,T  C.i    tO  O  O  O  w'  -1  in  to  O 

==ggg£gggggg  ^*gggSS5B 


Lowest    Monthly 
Wages  Paid 
Female    Teachers. 


916  HISTORY    OF    PIKE    COUNTY. 

PIKK   COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  B'JARD. 

The  "  Pike  Citiinty  Ai^rii-ulturul  Society"  was  organized  ^larch 
IG,  1852,  lit  Pittslield/  D.  P>.  Hush  was  called  to  the  chair  and 
Henry  T.  Mudd  was  chosen  SecretaiT.  A  constitution  was  adopted, 
under  whirh  Michael  J.  Noyee  was  elected  the  tirst  President.  In 
June  followin^j  resolutions  were  passed  ur^iiiLT  upon  the  Le<:^islature 
of  the  State  the  necessitv  ot"  encouraijini;  aj^riculture,  and  of  estab- 
lishin";  Agricultural  Schools,  and  rcconiniendini;  that  model  farms 
be  immediatelv  juirchased  or  reserved  from  eale  out  of  the  lands 
^iven  to  the  State,  on  which  these  scIkioIs  should  l)eestabh'shed,  etc. 

In  order  to  avail  themselves  of  the  benelit  of  the  act  of  Js71  con- 
cerning tlie  re-organization  of  County  Agricultural  Societies,  in 
conformity  to  an  act  to  create  a  Deitartment  of  Agriculture,  the 
name  of  the  socictv  was  chani'cd  to  "  The  Pike  Countv  Airiieultura! 
P>oard,"  electing  E.  M.  Seeley,  President,  and  W.  11.  Johnston, 
Secretary,  and  other  ofticers. 

Tiiis  organization  has  held  a  fair  even'  year  since  its  formation. 
It  tirst  enclosed  and  furnished  a  fair  gnuind  in  1^58.  Before  tliat 
the  fairs  were  held  in  the  open  wootls,  when  no  admission  fee  could 
be  cliarged.  Exj)enscg  were  defrayed  l)y  subscriptions.  All  the 
fairs  have  Ixmu  held  at  Pittstield  j'xcept  one,  which  was  at  Griggs- 
ville.  The  ground  is  just  soutli  of  Pittsfield,  and  com])ri8es  nearly 
25  acres.      It  is  a  fine  enclosure. 

The  ofHcers  for  187}*  were:  Allen  C.  Rush,  President  ;  Jolin 
AViiittleton,  Vice-President;  J.  11.  Cmiie,  S«'cretary;  S.  Origsby, 
Treasurer.  Hirectors — C.  li.  Dustin,  Frank  Zerenl)erg.  Allen  C. 
Kush,  N.  1'.  Hart.  Wm.  P..  Wills,  Dan  P.ates,  George' Watson,  E. 
N.  French  and  Henry  Hall. 

Tlie  2>th  annual  fair  was  held  in  Sej^tember,  ls79,  continuing 
four  consecutive  days.  The  total  of  tne  premium  list  offered  is 
$5,000. 

The  society  is  now  in  a  flourishing  condition. 


'iW 


(V^   <^^'    fe^^^^^^<^' 


HADLEY    Tf 


i 


DIGEST  OF  STATE  LAWS. 


LAWS. 

The  courts  recognize  two  kinds  of  law,  Statute  and  Common. 
Statute  law  is  that  which  is  enacted  by  the  Legislature.  Comniou 
law  consists  of  all  the  law  of  England, — whether  Statute,  or  Com- 
mon, which  was  in  force  in  that  country  at  the  time  of  our  inde- 
pendence, and  recognized  by  our  courts,  and  which  has  not  since 
been  repealed  or  disused. 

We  have  what  is  called  established  law.  For  this  branch  of 
common  law  there  is  no  authority  excepting  the  decisions  of  the 
courts;  hence  the  value  of  the  re])orted  decisions  which  are  pub- 
lished by  official  reporters.  The  law  presumes  tliat  every  body  is 
acquainted  with  it.  Mistakes  of  fact  can  be  corrected  l)y  the  courts, 
but  not  mistakes  of  law,  no  man  being  permitted  to  take  advantage 
of  a  mistake  of  tlie  law,  either  to  enforce  a  right,  or  avoid  an  obli- 
gation ;  for  it  would  be  dangerous  and  unwise  to  encourage  igno- 
rance of  the  law,  by  permitting  a  party  to  ])rofit,  or  to  escape,  by  his 
ignorance.  One  is  required  at  his  peril  to  know  the  law  of  his  own 
country. 

JURISDICTION  OF  COURTS. 

Justices  have  jurisdiction  in  all  civil  cases  on  contracts  for  the 
recovery  of  moneys  for  damages,  for  injury  to  real  property,  or  tak- 
ing, detaining,  or  injuring  personal  property;  for  rent;  for  all  cases 
to  recover  damages  done  to  real  or  personal  property,  by  railroad 
companies;  in  actions  of  replevin;  of  actions  for  damages  for  fraud; 
in  the  sale,  purchase,  or  exchange  of  personal  property,  when  the 
amount  claimed  as  due  is  not  over  $200.  They  have  also  jurisdic- 
tion in  all  cases  for  violation  of  the  ordinances  of  cities,  towns,  or 
villages.  A  justice  of  the  peace  may  orally  order  an  officer  or  a 
private  person,  to  arrest  any  one  committing,  or  attempting  to  com- 
mit a  criminal  offense.  He  also,  upon  complaint,  can  issue  his 
warrant  for  the  arrest  of  any  person  accused  of  having  committed  a 
crime,  and  have  him  brought  before  him  for  examination. 


920  DIGKST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

col NTY  COURTS 

Have  jurisdiction  in  all  inattera  of  probate  (except  in  counties 
havin«^  a  population  of  one  lunulred  thousand  or  over),  settlement 
of  estates  of  deceased  persons,  appointment  of  guardians  and  con- 
servators, and  settlements  of  their  accounts;  all  matters  relating  to 
apprentices;  proceedings  for  the  collection  of  taxes  and  asscsments, 
and  in  prucecdings  of  executors,  administrators,  guardians,  and 
conservators,  fur  the  sale  of  real  estate.  In  law  cases,  they  have 
concurrent  jurisdiction  with  Circuit  Courts  in  all  cjises  where  jus- 
tices of  the  p.*acc  now  have,  or  hereafter  may  have,  jurisdiction 
when  the  amount  claimed  shall  not  exceed  $1,000;  and  in  all  crim- 
inal otfenses,  where  the  punishment  is  not  imprisonment  in  the  pen- 
itentiary or  death,  and  in  all  cases  of  ftpi)ealsfrom  justices  of  i)eace 
and  ])olice  magistrates,  except  when  the  county  judge  is  sitting  as 
a  justice  of  the  peace. 

Circuit  Courts  have  unlimited  jurisdiction. 

COMMISSIOVKKS  OF  lIK.inVAYS. 

The  commissioners  of  highways  in  the  different  towns,  have 
the  caro  and  sujHjrintendence  of  highways,  and  bridges  therein. 
They  have  the  power  to  lay  out,  vacate,  regulate  and  repair  all  roads, 
build  and  repair  i)ridges,  and  divide  their  resjMJctive  towns  into  a& 
many  road  districts  as  they  shall  think  convenient.  This  is  to  bo 
done  annually,  and  ten  days  before  the  annual  town  meeting.  In 
addition  to  the  above,  it  is  their  duty  to  erect  and  keep  in  repairs 
at  the  forks  orcros6ing-j)lace  of  the  most  important  roads,  post  and 
guide-boards,  with  j)lain  inscriptions,  giving  directitnis  and  dis- 
tiinces  to  the  most  noted  places  to  which  such  roa  Is  m:iy  lead;  also 
to  make  provisions  V)  ]>revent  thistles,  l)urdock,  cockle-burs,  mus- 
tard, yellow  dock,  Indian  mallow,  and  jimson  w^jed  from  seeding, 
and  to  extirpate  the  same  as  far  as  practicable,  and  to  prevent  all 
rank  growth  of  vegetation  on  the  public  highways,  so  far  as  the 
same  may  obstruct  ]>ublic  travel;  and  it  is  in  their  discretion  to 
erect  watering  places  for  public  use,  for  watering  teams  at  such 
points  as  may  be  deemed  advisable.  Every  able-bodiefl  male  inhal)- 
itant,  being  above  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  under  fifty,  ex- 
cepting paupers,  idiots,  lunatics,  trustees  of  schools  and  school  di- 
rectors, and  such  others  as  are  exempt  by  law,  are  required  to  labor 
on  highways  in  their  respective  road  districts,  not  less  than  one» 


DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS.  921 

nor  more  than  three  days  in  eacli  year.  Three  days'  notice  must 
be  given  by  the  overseer,  of  the  time  aiul  phice  lie  reijuires  such 
road  hibor  to  be  done.  The  labor  must  be  jierformed  in  the  road 
district  in  which  the  person  resides.  Any  person  may  commute 
for  such  labor  by  paying  the  equivalent  in  money.  Any  person 
liable  for  work  on  highways,  who  has  been  assessed  two  days  or 
more,  and  has  not  commuted,  may  be  required  to  furnish  team,  or 
a  cart,  wagon  or  plow,  with  a  pair  of  horses  or  oxen  and  a  man  to 
manage  them,  for  which  he  will  be  entitled  to  two  days'  work. 
Eight  hours?  is  a  days'  work  on  the  roads  and  there  is  a  penalty  of 
twenty-five  cents  an  hour  against  any  person  or  substitute  who 
shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  perform.  Any  person  remaining  idle,  or 
does  not  work  laithfullv,  or  hinders  others  from  doinir  so,  forfeits 
to  the  town  $2.  Every  person  assessed  and  duly  notified,  who  has 
not  commuted,  and  refuses  or  neglectslo  appear,  shall  forfeit  to  the 
town  for  every  day's  refusal  or  neglect,  the  sum  of  $2;  if  he  was 
required  to  furnish  a  team,  Carriage,  man  or  implements,  and  neg- 
lects or  refuses  to  comply,  he  is  liable  to  the  following  fines:  1st, 
For  wholly  failing  to  comply,  $-1  each  day;  2d,  For  omitting  to 
furnish  a  man  to  manage  team,  $2  each  day;  3d,  For  omitting  to 
furnish  a  pair  of  horses  or  oxen,  $1.50  each  day;  4th,  For  omitting 
to  furnish  a  wagon,  carter  plow,  75  cents  each  day.  The  commis- 
sioners estimate  and  assess  the  highway  labor  and  road  tax.  The 
road  tax  on  real  and  personal  property  can  not  exceed  forty  cents 
on  each  hundred  dollars'  worth.  The  labor  or  road  tax  in  villages, 
towns  or  cities,  is  paid  over  to  the  corporate  authorities  of  such, 
for  the  improvement  of  streets,  roads  and  bridges  within  their  lim- 
its. 

The  legal  voters  of  townships,  in  counties  under  township  organ- 
ization may,  by  a  majority  vote,  at  their  annual  town  meeting, 
order  that  the  road  tax  may  be  collected  in  money  only. 

Ocerseers. — Their  duties  are  to  repair  and  keej)  in  order  the  high- 
ways in  their  districts;  to  warn  persons  to  work  out  their  road  tax 
at  such  time  and  place  as  they  think  proper;  to  collect  fines  and 
commutation  money,  and  execute  all  lawful  orders  of  the  commis- 
sioners of  highways;  also  make  list,  within  sixteen  days  after  their 
election,  of  the  names  of  all  inhabitants  in  his  road  district,  liable 
to  work  on  liighways.  For  refusal  to  perform  any  of  his  duties  he 
is  liable  to  a  tine  of  $10. 


922  nir,FST  of  si atk  laws. 

As  all  township  and  county  otticers  arelaniiliar  with  their  duties, 
it  is  licrc  intended  only  to  give  the  points  of  law  with  which  the 
public  should  be  taniiliar.  The  manner  of  layinf]^  out,  altering:,  or 
vacating  roads,  etc.,  will  not  be  here  stated,  as  it  would  roijuire 
more  space  than  can  be  spared  in  a  work  like  this.  It  is  sutiicient 
to  state  that  the  first  step  is  by  petition,  addressed  to  the  commis- 
sioners, setting  out  what  is  prayed  for,  giving  the  names  of  the 
owners  of  the  lands,  if  known  (if  not  known,  so  state),  over  which  the 
road  is  to  pass,  giving  the  general  course,  its  place  of  beginning, 
and  where  it  terminates.  It  rcijuires  not  less  than  twelve  freehold- 
ers residing  within  three  miles  of  the  road,  who  sliall  sign  the  peti- 
tion. Public  roads  must  not  be  less  than  fifty,  nor  more  than  sixty 
feet  wide.  Roads  not  exceeding  two  miles  in  length,  if  petitioned 
for,  may  be  laid  out  not  less  than  forty  feet  wide.  Private  roads 
for  private  antl  public  use  may  be  laid  out  three  rods  wide,  on  i)cti- 
tion  of  the  j)erson  directly  interested;  the  damagt;  occasioneil  there- 
by shall  l>e  paid  by  the  premises  benelited  theivby,  and  before  the 
road  is  oj)ennd.  If  not  opened  in  two  years,  the  order  shall  bo  con- 
sidered recinded.  Commissioners  in  their  discretion  may  ])ermit 
persons  who  live  on  or  liavc  private  roads,  to  work  out  their  road 
tax  thereon.  Pu!)lic  rt>ad.s  must  be  o|)ened  in  five  years  from  date 
of  tiling  order  of  location,  or  Ihj  <leemed  vacated. 

FKN(ES. 

The  t«iwn  assessor  and  commissioners  of  highways  shall  be  fence 
viewers  in  their  res|)ective  towns  in  counties  under  township  organ- 
ization. In  other  counties,  the  county  board  appoints  three  in  each 
precinct,  annually. 

A  lawful  fence  is  four  ami  one-half  feet  high  and  in  good-repair, 
consisting  of  rails,  timbers,  boards,  stones,  hedges,  or  any  other 
material  the  fence  viewers  may  deem  sufficient.  The  electors  at 
any  annual  town  meeting  may  determine  what  shall  constitute  a 
legal  fence  in  the  town. 

Division  fences  shall  be  made  and  maintaine*!  in  just  proportion 
by  the  adjoining  owners,  except  where  the  owner  shall  choose  to  let 
his  land  lie  open;  but  after  a  division  fence  has  been  built  by  mu- 
tual agreement  or  otherwise,  it  shall  not  be  lawful  for  either  party 
to  remove  his  part  of  said  fence,  so  long  as  he  may  crop  or  use  such 
lands  for  tarm  ]>urposes,  or  without  giving  the  other  party  one 
year's  notice  in  writing,  of  his  intention  to  move  his  portion  of  the 


DIGEST    OF   STATE   LAWS.  923 

fence,  Adjoinin<,'uwners  should  cndeavur,  if  jjossible,  mutually  to 
agree  as  to  the  |)ruportion  that  each  shall  maintain  of  the  division 
fence  between  their  adjoining  lands;  and  the  agreement  should  be 
reduced  to  writing,  each  party  taking  a  copy.  When  any  person 
shall  enclose  his  land  upon  the  enclosure  of  another,  he  shall  refund 
the  owner  of  the  adjoining  lands  a  just  proportion  of  the  value  at 
that  time  of  such  fence.  The  value  of  such  fence,  and  the  propor- 
tion thereof  to  be  paid  by  such  person,  and  the  proportion  of  the 
division  fence  to  be  made  and  maintained  by  him,  in  case  of  his 
inclosing  his  land,  shall  be  determined  by  two  fence  viewers  of  the 
town.  Such  fence  viewers  have  power  to  settle  all  disputes  between 
owners  as  to  fences  built  or  to  be  built,  as  well  as  concerning  repairs 
to  be  made.  Each  party  chooses  one  of  the  viewers,  but  if  the 
other  party  neglects,  after  eight  days'  notice  in  writing,  to  make 
his  choice,  then  the  other  party  may  select  both.  It  is  sntticientto 
notify  the  tenant,  or  party  in  possession,  when  the  owner  is  ijot  a 
resident  of  the  town  in  which  such  fences  ^re  situated.  The  two 
fence  viewers  chosen,  after  viewing  the  premises,  shall  hear  the 
statements  of  the  parties.  In  case  they  can't  agree,  they  shall  se- 
lect another  fence  viewer  to  act  with  them,  and  the  decision  of  any 
two  of  them  sliall  be  tinal.  The  decision  must  be  reduced  to  writ- 
ing, and  should  plainly  set  out  a  description  of  the  fence  and  all 
matters  settled  by  them,  and  must  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  town 
clerk. 

If  any  person  who  is  liable  to  contribute  to  the  erection  or  repa- 
ration of  a  division  fence,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  make  or  repair 
his  proportion  of  such  fence,  the  party  injured, after  giving  sixty  days' 
notice,  in  writing,  that  a  new  fence  should  be  erected,  or  ten  days' 
notice,  in  writing,  that  the  repair  of  such  fence  is  necessary,  may 
make  or  repair  the  same  at  the  expense  of  the  party  so  neglecting 
or  refusing,  to  be  recovered  from  him  with  costs  of  suit;  and  the 
party  so  neglecting  or  refusing,  after  notice  in  writing,  shall  be  lia- 
ble to  the  })arty  injured  for  all  damages  which  shall  thereby  accrue, 
to  be  determined  by  any  two  fence  viewers.  "When  a  person  shall 
conclude  to  remove  his  part  of  the  division  fence  and  let  his  land 
lie  open,  and  having  given  the  year's  notice  re<[uired,  the  adjoining 
owner  may  cause  the  value  of  said  fence  to  be  ascertained  by  fence 
viewers  as  before  provided;  and  on  payment  or  tender  of  the 
amount  of  such  valuation  to  the  owner,  it  shall  prevent  the  removal. 


924  Dir.Ksr  of  statk  laws. 

A  j)arty  removing  a  divisiuii  fence  witliout  notice  is  liable  for  the 
diiiiiagos  accniitig  tliereljy. 

Where  a  fence  has  heen  built  on  the  land  of  another  through 
mistake,  the  owner  may  enter  ui)on  such  j)remise.s  and  remove  his 
fence  and  material  within  six  months  after  the  division  line  has 
been  ascertained.  Where  the  material  to  i»uild  such  a  fence  has 
been  taken  from  the  land  on  which  it  was  built,  then  before  it  can 
be  removed,  the  person  claiming  must  tirst  ))ay  for  such  materiah 
to  the  owner  of  the  land  from  which  it  was  taken;  nor  shall  such  a 
fence  \)C  removed  at  a  time  when  the  removal  will  throw  oj)en  or 
expose  the  crops  ol  the  other  party;  a  reasonable  time  must  be 
given  beyond  the  six  months  to  remove  crops. 

The  comjK-'nsation  of  fence  viewers  is  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents 
a  day  each,  to  be  paid  in  the  first  instance  by  the  jtarty  calling  them; 
but  in  the  end'ull  expenses,  including  am<»unt  charged  by  the  fence 
viewers,  must  be  pai<l  0(jually  by  the  parties,  except  in  cases  where 
a  party  neglects  or  refusi's  to  make  «)r  ujaintain  a  just  proportion  of 
a  division  fence,  when  the  ])arty  in  di'fault  shall  pay  them. 

Whenever  one  or  more  owners  or  occupants  of  land  desire  to  eon- 
Btruct  a  drain  or  ditch,  tiirough  another  man's  land,  the  right  can 
be  had  only  under  legislative  authority,  or  is  granted  or  exists  by 
prescription  or  by  consent  of  the  owner. 

Dripping  water  from  one  house  u|>on  another  can  be  allowed  only 
where  the  owner  has  acquire*!  the  right  by  grant  or  prescription; 
and  no  one  has  a  right  to  construct  his  iiousc  so  as  to  let  the  water 
drip  over  his  neigiilx)r's  land. 

TKESr.VSS  OF  STOCK 

Where  stock  of  any  kind  breaks  into  any  person's  inclosure,  the 
fence  being  good  and  sullicient,  the  owner  is  liable  tor  the  damage 
done;  but  where  the  damage  is  done  by  stock  running  at  large,  con- 
trary to  law,  the  owner  is  liable  where  there  is  not  such  a  fence. 
Where  stock  is  found  trespassing  on  the  inclosure  of  another  as 
aforesaid,  the  owner  or  occupier  of  the  premises  may  take  posses- 
sion of  such  stock  and  keep  the  same  until  damages,  with  reasona]>le 
charges  for  keeping  and  feeding,  and  all  costs  of  suit,  are  ])aid. 
Any  person  tiiking  or  rescuing  such  stock  so  held,  without  Ins  con- 
sent, shall  be  liable  to  a  tine  of  not  less  than  three  nor  more  than 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  925 

five  dollars  for  each  animal  rescued,  to  be  recovered  bv  suit  before 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  for  the  use  of  the  school  fund.  Within  twen- 
ty-four liours  after  taking  such  animal  into  his  possession,  the  per- 
son taking  it  up  must  give  notice  of  the  fact  to  the  owner,  if  known; 
or  if  unknown,  notice  must  be  posted  in  some  public  place  near  the 
premises. 

ESTRAYS. 

Stray  animals  arc  those  whose  owner  is  unknown,  any  beasts,  not 
wild,  found  on  one's  premises,  and  not  owned  by  the  occupant.  Any 
animals  found  straying  at  any  time  during  the  year,  in  counties 
where  such  animals  are  not  allowed  to  run  at  large,  or  between  the 
last  day  of  October  and  the  loth  day  of  April  in  other  counties,  the 
owner  being  unknown,  may  be  taken  up  as  estrays.  A  party  who 
wishes  to  detain  property  as  an  estray,  must  show  an  exact  compli- 
ance with  the  law.  In  order  to  vest  the  property  of  the  stray  in 
him,  such  acts  must  appear  in  detail  on  the  record. 

No  person  not  a  householder  in  the  county  where  the  estray  is 
found  can  lawfully  take  up  an  estray,  and  then  only  upon  or  al)0ut 
his  farm  or  place  of  residence.  Estrays  should  not  be  used  before 
•advertised,  except  animals  giving  milk,  which  may  be  milked  for 
their  benefit.  Notices  must  be  posted  up  within  five  days  in  three, 
of  the  most  public  places  in  the  town  or  precinct  in  which  the  es- 
tray was  found,  giving  the  residence  of  the  taker-up,  and  a  partic- 
ular description  of  the  estray,  its  age,  color,  and  marks  natural  and 
artificial,  and  stating  before  what  justice  of  the  peace  in  such  town 
or  precinct,  and  at  what  time,  not  less  than  ten  nor  more  than  fif- 
teen days  from  the  time  of  posting  such  notices,  he  will  apply  to 
have  the  estray  apprised.  If  the  owner  of  an  estray  shall  not  have 
appeared  and  proved  ownership  and  taken  the  same  away,  first 
paying  the  taker-up  his  reasonable  charges  for  taking  up,  keejMug, 
and  advertising  the  same,  the  taker-up  shall  appear  1)efore  tlie  justice 
mentioned  in  above  notice,  and  make  an  affidavit  as  required  by 
law.  All  subsequent  proceedings  are  before  the  justice  who  is  fa- 
miliar therewith;  therefore  we  omit  them  here. 

Any  person  taking  up  an  estray  at  any  other  place  than  about  or 
upon  his  farm  or  residence,  or  without  complying  with  the  law,  shall 
forfeit  and  \)a.y  a  fine  of  ten  dollars  with  costs.  Ordinary  diligt-nce 
is  recjuired  in  taking  care  of  estrays,  but  in  case  they  die  or  get 
away,  the  taker-up  is  not  liable  for  the  same. 


926  DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

If  a  man  finds  estrays  in  his  field  lie  is  not  bound  to  retain  them 
for  the  owner,  but  may  drive  them  off  into  the  highway  without 
being  liable  to  an  action.  But  a  })ers«tn  who  chases  a  horse  out  of 
his  field  with  a  large  fierce  dog,  commits  an  unlawful  act,  and  is 
liable  for  any  injury  which  the  act  occasions.  A  person  who  takes 
anestray  to  keep  for  the  owner,  but  does  not  ])ursuc  the  course  pre- 
scribed by  statute,  is  not  liable  to  an  action  unless  he  uses  the  same 
or  refuses  to  deliver  it  on  demand.  Hiding  a  horse  to  discover  the 
owner  is  not  "  use." 

HORSES 

Are  animals  of  a  domestic  nature.  Tudcr  the  age  of  four  years 
they  arc  called  colts.  A  borrower  of  ahorse  is  liable  for  negligence, 
misuse,  or  gross  want  of  skill  in  use.  The  lender  is  liable  in  case 
the  animal  lent  is  unfit  or  dangerous,  as  lie  thus  may  occasion 
injury.  The  animal  should  be  used  only  for  the  purpose  and  to  the 
e.xtent  stipulated,  and  not  by  a  servant. 

If  he  dies  from  disease,  or  is  killed  by  inevitable  acciilent,  the  bor- 
rower is  not  liable.  Defects  whicli  are  manifest,  o|>en  and  jtlain  to  an 
oixlinarv  observer,  and  those  also  which  are  known  to  the  buver,  are 
not  usually  covered  by  a  general  warranty.  The  former  requires 
no  skill  to  discover  them,  and  the  latter  nniy  be  objected  to  or 
acquiesced  in  at  the  time  of  the  purchase.  In  the  cjvse  of  Uitcnt 
defects  existing  in  such  a  condition  that  the}*  could  not  be  detected 
by  tlie  buyer,  and  are  known  to  the  seller,  who  fails  to  disclose  them 
to  the  buyer,  the  latter  practices  a  constructive  fraud,  unless  the 
aninuil  is  sold  "  with  all  faults."  \\y  consenting  to  purchase  the 
liorse  ''  with  all  faults,"  the  purchaser  takes  upon  himself  the  risk 
of  latent  or  secret  defects,  and  calculates  the  ])rice  accordingly. 
But  even  this  kind  of  a  purchase  would  be  voidable  if  the  seller 
liad  jMirposely,  and  to  deceive  the  purchaser,  covered,  filled  up, 
patched,  pla^itered,  or  otherwise  practiced  fraud  to  conceal  any 
defects,  and  he  would  be  liable. 

Hiring  out  a  horse  and  carriage  to  perf«»rm  a  particular  journey, 
carries  with  it  the  warranty  of  the  person  letting  the  horse  and 
carriage,  that  each  of  them  is  tit  and  competent  for  such  journey; 
but,  if  a  horse  is  hired  for  one  purpose,  and  is  used  for  another  and 
is  injured,  the  hirer  is  liable  for  the  damage  sustained.  The  hirer 
is  in  all  crises  answerable  for  ordinary  neglect.  If  he  uses  the 
hired  horse  as  a   prudent  man  would  his  own,  he  is  not  liable  fur 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  927 

any  damage  whicli  tlie  horse  may  receive.  It',  however,  he  keeps 
the  hired  horse  after  a  stipulated  time,  or  uses  it  dili'crently  from 
his  agreement,  he  is  in  any  event  liable.  If  the  hirer  sells  the  horse, 
the  owner  may  recover  its  value  of  the  ])urchaser,  though  the  y)ur- 
chaser  had  in  good  faith  given  the  hirer  full  value  for  it,  as  the 
hirer  could  give  no  better  title  than  he  had  himself. 

Mischievous  animals  render  their  owners  liable  when  known  to 
them  to  be  so,  and  they  are  responsible  for  tlie  damage  they  may  do 
when  they  permit  them  to  go  at  large.  Any  person  mayjuslity 
the  killing  of  ferocious  animals. 

MARKS  AXI>  BRANDS. 

Owners  of  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  shee})  or  goats,  may  have  one  ear- 
mark and  one  brand,  which  shall  be  different  from  his  neighbors', 
and  may  be  recorded  by  the  county  clerk  of  the  county  in  which 
such  property  is  kejit.  The  fee  for  such  record  is  fifteen  cents.  The 
record  of  such  shall  be  open  to  examination  free  of  charge.  In 
cases  of  disputes  as  to  marks  or  brands,  such  record  is  />;•«/// a yi/c^'e 
evidence.  Owners  of  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  sheep  or  goats,  that  may 
have  been  branded  by  former  owners,  may  be  rebranded  in  presence 
of  one  or  more  of  his  neighbors,  who  shall  certify  to  the  facts  of 
the  marking  or  branding  being  done,  when  done,  and  in  what  brand- 
or  mark  they  were  re-branded  or  re-marked,  which  certificate  may 
also  be  recorded  as  before  stated. 

ARTICLES  OF  AGREEMENT. 

An  agreement  is  virtually  a  contract  by  which  a  certain  person 
(or  persons)  agrees  or  contracts  to  perform  certain  duties  within  a 
specified  time.  Good  business  men  always  reduce  an  agreement  to 
writing,  which  nearly  always  saves  misunderstandings  and  long 
and  expensive  lawsuits.  No  particular  form  is  necessary,  but  the 
facts  must  be  clearly  and  explicitly  stated;  and  there  must  be  a 
reasonable  consideration,  else  the  agreement  is  void. 

Unless  it  is  expressly  stipulated  that  the  agreement  is  binding  for 
a  longer  time,  tlie  contract  expires  at  the  end  of  one  year.  Every 
agreement  should  state  most  distinctly  the  time  within  which  its 
conditions  are  to  be  com]>lied  with.  A  discovery  of  fraud,  or  mis- 
representation by  one  party  to  the  agreement,  or  changing  of  the 
date,  renders  the  contract  void.  Each  party  should  retain  a  copy  of 
the  agreement. 


"028  DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

GEXFRAL  FORM  «)K  AOKEEMENT. 

Tnis  AoKEKMENT,  tiiiule  the  third  <hiy  of  Novetnl)or,  187^,  hetween 
DHinun  Clarke  ul"  Maooriih,  couiitv  ot  McDoiioui^h,  State  of  Illinois, 
of  the  lirbt  ])art,  and  William  Hays,  of  the  same  place,  of  the 
second  part. 

WITNESSETH,  That  the  Paid  Damon  Clarke,  in  consideration  of 
tlie  agreement  of  the  party  of  the  second  ]>art,  liercinafter  contained, 
contracts,  and  agrees  to,  an(l  with  the  saiti  William  Hays,  that  he 
will  deliver  in  ^ood  and  inarketHhle  condition,  at  the  city  of  Gaies- 
Imr^,  111.,  during  tlie  month  of  December  of  this  year,  nine  hun- 
(Ircd  hiishels  of  corn,  in  the  follo\vin|^'  lots,  and  at  the  follo\vini]f 
speoitied  times,  namely:  t>ne  hundre«l  imsiu'ls  l>y  thelifthof  Dccem- 
l>er,  tliree  luinilre<i  hnshols  by  the  fifteenth  of  December,  and  the 
Ijalance  b\'  the  thirtietii  of  December. 

And  the  said  William  Hays  in  considoration  of  tl»c  prnm])t  ful- 
fillment of  this  contract  <>n  the  part  oi'  the  party  of  the  second 
part,  contnicts  to,  and  arrets  with  the  said  Damon  ('larke,  to  pay 
for  said  corn  fifty  cents  per  bushel  as  soon  aa  delivered. 

In  case  of  failure  <if  aj^reemeiit  by  either  of  the  j>arties  hereto,  it 
is  herel>y  stipulated  ami  a^'reed  that  the  ]>arty  so  tailing  siiall  pay 
to  the  other,  one  hundretl  d<dlars,  a.s  fixed  and  settled  damages. 

In  witness  wiiereof  wo  have  hereunto  set  our  liands  the  day  and 
year  first  above  written:  Damon  Ci.akke, 

William  11  a  vs. 

NOTES. 

A  note  is  Icijal,  worded   in  the  simplest  way,  so  tliat  the  amount 
and  time  of  j)ayment  are  mentioned.     The  following  is  a  good  form: 
$100  CiiiCAOo,  III.,  May  1,  1^79. 

Thirty  days  after  date  I  ])romise  to  ])ay  F.  M.  Chapman, 
or  order,  one  hundred  dollars,  for  value  received. 

S.  T.  Lewis. 

To  make  a  note  payable  in  anytliing  else  than  money,  insert  flie 
facts  instead  of  tlie  sum  of  money  alone;  unless  paid  wlien  du2,  it 
is  payable  in  money.  To  hold  an  indorser  of  a  note,  due  diligence 
must  be  used  by  suit  in  collecting  of  the  maker,  unless  suit  would 
have  been  unavailing.  Notes  payal)le  to  person  named  or  to  order, 
in  order  to  absolutely  transfer  title,  must  be  indorsed  by  the  payer. 
Notes  payable  to  bearer  may  be  transferred  by  delivery,  and  when 
so  payable,  every  indorser  thereon  is  held  as  a  guarantor  of  pay- 
ment unless  otherwise  expressed. 

The  limit  of  time  in  which  action  may  be  brought  on  a  note  is 
10  years 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  929 

If  the  note  is  payable  to  a  person  or  order,  or  to  a  person  ur 
bearer,  to  a  person  or  his  assi^^ns,  or  to  a  cashier  of  an  incorporated 
company,  such  notes  are  negotiable. 

When  transferring  a  note,  the  indorser  frees  liiniself  from  respon- 
sibility, so  far  as  the  payment  is  concerned,  by  writing  on  the  back, 
above  his  signature,  without  recourse  to  me  in  any  event. 

A  note  is  void  when  founded  upon  fraud.  Thus  a  note  obtained 
from  a  person  when  intoxicated,  or  obtained  for  any  reason  which 
is  illegal,  cannot  be  collected.     A  note  given  on  Sunday  is  also  void. 

No  defense  can  be  made  against  negotiable  paper  purchased 
before  maturity  for  good  consideration  in  the  usual  course  of  busi- 
ness, without  knowledge  of  facts  impeaching  its  validity,  except 
fraud  was  used  in  obtaininfj  the  same.  Thus  if  A  (jives  his  note 
to  B  for  $150,  receives  in  consideration  a  shawl  and  five  pieces  of 
cloth.  The  former  was  represented  to  be  worth  ST5,  and  the  cloth 
the  best  imported  English  goods.  When,  in  fact,  the  shawl  was 
only  worth  $8,  and  suits  made  of  the  cloth  wore  out  in  less  than 
six  weeks,  long  ])efore  the  note  was  due.  B,  however,  had  sold  the 
note  to  C,  who  did  not  know  the  circumstances,  and  before  it  was 
due — A  would  be  obliged  to  pay  it. 

JUDGMENT  NOTE. 

For  value  received  I  promise  to  pay  Ewing  Summers,  of  Gales- 
burg,  or  order,  two  hundred  dollars,  with  interest,  on  the  first  day 
of  January  next.  And,  further,  I  do  hereby  empower  any  attorney 
of  any  court  of  record  in  Illinois,  or  elsewhere,  to  apj^ear  for  me, 
and  after  a  declaration  filed  therefor,  to  confess  a  judgment  against 
me  in  the  above  sura,  as  of  last,  next,  or  any  subsequent  term,  with 
cost  of  suit,  release  of  error,  etc.,  with  stay  of  execution  until  said 
first  day  of  January. 

Witness  my  hand  and  seal  at  Galesburg,  111.,  this  sixth  day  of 
March,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 
[seal]  John  Jones. 

INTEREST. 

Interest  is  the  compensation  which  is  paid  by  the  borrower  of 
money  to  the  lender  for  its  use.  When  the  debtor  expressly  under- 
takes to  pay  interest,  he  is  bound  to  pay  it;  but  if  a  party  has 
accepted  the  ])rincipal,  he  cannot  recover  interest  in  a  separate 
action.  During  the  course  of  dealings  between  parties,  a  promise 
to  pay  is  implied,  and  the  debtor  is  bound   to  pay.     So  also  on  an 


y30  DIGEST   OK    STATE    LAWS. 

account  stated,  whenever  the  debtor  knows  precisely  what  he  is  to 
pay,  and  when  he  is  to  pay  it,  after  a  demand  uf  paynient;  but 
interest  is  not  due  on  a  runnini^  account,  even  wlicn  the  items  are 
all  on  one  side,  unless  otherwise  ai^reed  uj)on.  Where  the  terms  ot" 
a  promissory  note  are  that  it  siuiU  be  paiil  by  instalhnents,  an«l  on 
the  failure  of  any  installment  the  whole  is  to  becomu  due,  interest 
on  the  whole  becijiues  payable  from  the  tirst  default.  "Where,  by 
the  term  of  a  bond  or  promissory  note,  interest  is  to  be  paid  annu- 
ally, and  the  princi}»al  at  a  distant  day,  the  interest  may  be  recov- 
ered Ijeforo  the  princij)al  is  tiue. 

Interest  is  collectible  in  the  followin<5  cases:  For  goods  sold  and 
delivered  after  the  stipulated  term  of  credit  has  expired;  if  there  be 
no  credit,  then  from  the  time  of  sale;  on  judgment  debts,  from  tho 
reiulition  of  jiulgnjent;  on  money  obtained  by  frand,  or  where  it 
has  been  wrongfully  detained  (for  whoever  receives  money  not  his 
own,  and  detains  it  from  the  owner  unlawfully,  must  j)ay  inturust 
therefor:  hence  a  piiblic  otHcer  n^Uiinitig  m<»ney  wrongfully  is  lia- 
ble for  tho  interest);  on  money  paid  by  mistake,  or  recovered  on  a 
void  execution;  on  money  lent  or  laid  out  for  another's  use;  and 
rent,  from  the  time  that  it  is  due. 

When  tho  rate  of  interest  is  6|)ccified  in  any  contract,  that  rate 
continues  until  full  payment  is  made.  A  debt  barred  by  the 
statute  of  limitations  and  revived  by  an  acknowledgment  bears 
interest  for  the  whole  time. 

Computin'j  Intercut. — In  casting  interest  on  notes,  lx>nds,  etc., 
upon  which  partial  paymentji  have  Ixjcn  nuule,  every  payment  is  to 
be  lirst  applie<l  to  di.schargc  the  interest;  but  the  interest  is  never 
allowed  to  form  a  part  «if  the  principal,  so  as  to  carry  interest. 
When  a  partial  p.nyment  is  made  before  the  debt  is  due,  it  cannot 
be  apportione<l  part  to  the  debt  and  part  to  the  interest,  but  at  the 
end  interest  shall  be  charged  on  the  whole  sum,  and  the  obligor 
shall  receive  credit  for  the  interest  on  the  amount  paid  until  the 
interest  becomes  due. 

The  legal  rate  of  interest  is  six  per  cent.  Parties  may  agree  in 
writing  on  a  rate  not  excee<ling  eight  per  cent.  If  a  rate  of  interest 
greater  than  eight  per  cent,  is  contracted  for,  the  penalty  is  a  for- 
feiture of  the  entire  interest,  and  only  the  principal  can  be 
recovered. 

In  computing  interest  or  discount  on  negotiable  instruments,  a 


DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS.  931 

month  shall  be  considered  a  calendar  month  or  twelfth  of  a  year, 
and  for  less  than  a  montii,  a  day  shall  be  figured  a  thirtieth  part  of 
a  month.  Notes  bear  interest  only  when  so  expressed;  but  after 
due  they  draw  the  legal  interest,  six  per  cent.,  even  if  not  stated. 
Notes  payable  on  demand  or  at  sight  draw  no  interest  until  after 
presentation  or  demand  of  the  same  has  been  made,  unless  they 
provide  for  interest  from  date  on  their  face.  If  "with  interest"  is 
included  in  the  note,  it  draws  the  legal  rate  from  the  time  it  is 
made.  If  the  note  is  to  draw  a  special  rate  of  interest,  higher  than 
the  legal,  but  not  higher  than  the  law  allows,  the  rate  must  be 
specilied. 

WILLS. 

The  legal  declaration  of  a  person's  mind,  determining  the  man- 
ner in  which  he  would  have  his  property  or  estate  disposed  of  after 
his  death,  is  termed  a  will.  No  exact  form  of  words  is  necessary 
in  order  to  make  a  will  good  at  law,  though  much  care  should  be 
exercised  to  state  the  provisions  of  the  will  so  plainly  that  its  lan- 
guage may  not  be  misunderstood. 

Every  male  person  of  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  every 
female  of  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  of  sound  mind,  can  make  a 
valid  will.  It  must  be  in  writing,  signed  by  the  testator,  or  i)y 
some  one  in  his  or  her  presence,  and  by  his  or  her  direction,  and 
attested  by  two  or  more  credible  witnesses.  Care  should  be  taken 
that  the  witnesses  are  not  interested  in  the  will. 

The  person  making  the  will  may  appoint  liis  or  lier  executors; 
but  no  person  can  serve  as  such  e.xecutor  if  he  or  she  be  an  alien  at 
the  time  of  proving  the  will,  if  he  be  under  twenty-one  yeays  ot 
age,  a  convict,  a  drunkard,  a  lunatic,  or  an  imbecile. 

Persons  knowing  themselves  to  have  been  appointed  executors, 
must,  within  thirty  days  after  the  death  of  deceased,  cause  the  will 
to  be  proved  and  recorded  in  the  proper  county,  or  present  it  and 
refuse  to  accej>t.  In  case  of  failure  to  do  so,  they  are  liable  to  for- 
feit the  sum  of  twenty  dollars  per  month.  Inventory  to  be  made 
by  executor  or  administrator  within  three  months  from  date  of  let- 
ters testamentary  or  administration. 

The  ])erson  making  a  will  is  termed  the  "  testator  "  (if  a  female, 
the  "  testatrix  "). 

A  will  is  of  no  force  and  eftect  until  the  death  of  the  testator, 


932  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

and  can  be  cancelled  or  modi  lied  at  anv  date  by  the  maker.     The 
last  will  made  aiimils  the  torco  t»t  all  j»receding  willn. 

A  will  made  by  an  unmarried  woman  is  k'«5ally  revoked  by  mar- 
riage; but  she  can  take  such  le^al  stej)S  in  the  settlement  ot"  her 
property  before  marriaf^e  as  will  empower  her  to  dispose  of  the 
same  as  she  may  choose  after  marriage.  No  husband  can  make  a 
will  that  will  deprive  the  wife  of  her  right  of  dower  in  the  projv 
erty;  but  the  husband  cjin  will  the  wife  a  certain  amount  in  lieu  of 
her  duwer,  suiting  it  to  be  in  lien  thereof.  Such  becpiest,  however, 
will  not  exclude  her  from  her  dower,  provided  she  j)refer8  it  to  the 
bequest  made  in  the  will.  Unless  the  liusband  states  distinctly 
that  the  bequest  is  in  lieu  t»f  dower,  sU^is  entitled  to  both. 

In  ease  a  tnarrie  1  woman  possesses  ])roperty  and  dies  without  a 
will,  her  husband  is  entitle<l  to  atbninister  upon  such  pro|)erty  in 
preference  to  any  one  else,  provided  he  l>e  of  sound  mind. 

Notice  requiring  all  claims  to  be  presented  against  the  estate 
shall  be  given  by  the  administrator  within  si.\  months  after  being 
qualified.  Any  person  having  a  claiuj  and  not  presenting  it  at  the 
time  tixed  by  said  notice,  is  re<|uire<l  to  have  summons  issued  noti- 
fying the  e.xecutor  of  having  tile<l  his  claim  in  court.  Claims 
should  Ikj  Hied  within  two  years  from  the  time  administration  is 
granteil  on  an  estate,  as  after  that  time  they  are  forever  barred, 
unless  other  estate  l»e  fouml  that  was  not  inventoried.  Married 
Women,  infants,  persons  insane,  imprisoned,  or  without  the  United 
States,  in  tlie  employuient  of  the  Unit<Hl  States,  or  of  this  State, 
liave  two  years  after  their  disaiiilities  are  removed  to  file 
claims.  Claims  are  classified  and  paid  out  of  the  estate  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner: 

Isf.   Funeral  expenses. 

2d.  The  widow's  award,  if  there  is  a  widow;  or  children,  if  there 
are  children  and  no  widow. 

3d.  Kxpenses  attending  the  last  illness,  not  including  the  physi- 
cian's bill. 

4th.   Debts  due  the  common  school  or  town.-ihip  fund. 

olh.  All  exj)enses  of  proving  the  will  ami  taking  out  letters 
testamentary  or  of  administration,  and  settlement  of  the  estate,  and 
the  ]>hysician's  bill  in  the  last  illness  of  the  deceased. 

6th.  Where  the  deceased  has  received  money  in  trust  for  any 
purpose,  his  e.xecutor  or  administrator  shall  pay  out  of  his  estate 
the  amount  received  and  not  accounted  for. 


DIGEST   OF   STATE  LAWS.  933 

7th.  All  other  debts  and  demands  of  whatsoever  kind,  without 
refjard  to  (jiiality  or  dii^nitj,  which  bhall  he  exhibited  to  the  court 
within  two  years  from  the  i^ranting  of  letters. 

Award  to  the  widow  and  children,  exclusive  of  debts  and  legacies 
or  becjuests,  except  funeral  expenses: 

1st.  The  family  pictures  and  wearing  apparel,  jewels  and  orna- 
ments of  herself  and  minor  children. 

2d.  School  books  and  the  family  library  to  the  value  of  $100. 

3d.  One  sewing-machine. 

4th.  Necessary  beds,  bedsteads  and  bedding  for  herself  and 
family. 

5th.  The  stoves  and  pipe  used  in  the  family,  with  the  necessary 
cooking  utensils;  or,  in  case  they  have  none,  $50  in  money. 

6th.  Household  and  kitchen  furniture  to  the  value  of  $100. 

7th.  One  milch  cow  and  calf  for  every  four  members  of  her 
family. 

8th.  Two  sheep  for  each  member  of  her  family,  and  the  fleeces 
taken  from  the  same,  and  one  horse,  saddle  and  bridle. 

9th.  Provisions  for  herself  and  familv  for  one  vear. 

10th.  P^ood  for  the  stock  above  specitied  for  six  months. 

11th.  Fuel  for  herself  and  family  for  three  months. 

12th.  One  hundred  dollars'  worth  of  other  property  suited  to  her 
condition  in  life,  to  be  selected  bv  the  widow. 

The  widow,  if  she  elects,  may  have  in  lieu  of  the  said  award,  the 
same  personal  property  or  money  in  place  thereof  as  is  or  may  be 
exempt  from  execution  or  attachment  against  the  head  of  a  tamily. 

GENERAL  FORM  OF  WILL  FOR  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROrERTY. 

I,  Samuel  T.  Lewis,  of  the  city  of  Chicago,  county  of  Cook, 
State  of  Illinois,  being  aware  of  the  uncertainty  of  life,  and  in 
failing  health,  but  of  sound  mind  and  memoi'y,do  make  and  declare 
this  to  be  my  last  will  and  testament,  in  manner  following,  to-wit: 

First.  I  give,  devise  and  becpieath  to  my  oldest  son,  Franklin 
M.  Lewis,  the  sum  of  Four  Thousand  dollars  of  bank  stock,  nctw 
in  the  First  National  Bank,  Chicago,  Illinois,  and  the  farm  owned 
by  myself,  in  Ontario  township,  Knox  count}',  Illinois,  consisting 
<jf  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres,  with  all  the  houses,  tenements,  and 
improvements  thereunto  belonging;  to  have  and  to  hold  unto  my 
said  son,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever. 

Second.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  to  each  of  my  daughters, 
LidaLouan  Lewis,  and  Fannie  Antionette  Lewis,  each  two  thousand 


934  DIGEST   OF    8TATK    LAWS. 

dollars  in  biuik  stock,  in  the  First  Nutionul  I>ank  of  Chicjii^o,  Illiuois, 
Hii«l  iilso  eucli  one  oniirter  section  of  land,  owned  by  myself,  situ- 
ated in  the  town  of  Uelavan,  Tazewell  county,  Illinois,  and  recorded 
in  my  name  in  the  Recorder's  oflice  of  sai<l  county.  The  north  one 
hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  said  half  section  is  devised  to  my  elder 
dan>;hter  Lida  Louan. 

Third.  1  ^ive,  devise  and  l>e(|ueath  tt>  my  son,  Fred  Davis 
Ia-wIs,  live  'shares  of  railroad  stock,  in  the  C,  li.  A:  (^.  Kailroad, 
and  my  own  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  (tf  land  and  saw-mill 
thereon,  situated  in  Astoria,  Illinois,  with  all  the  improvenjents  and 
appurtenances  thereunto  belonging,  which  said  real  estate  is  re- 
ci»rded  in  my  mime,  in  the  county  wiu-re  situated. 

Fourth.  I  trive  to  mv  \x\!k\  Trvphi'ua  Lewis,  all  my  liousehold 
furniture,  goods,  chattels,  and  personal  jUoperty,  about  njy  luMise, 
iK»t  hitherto  disposed  of,  including  ten  thousand  dollars  in  bank 
btock,  in  the  First  Natioiuil  Hank  of  ('hicago,  Illinois,  lifteen  shares 
in  the  Chicago,  I^>ck  Island  A:  Pacific  Railroad,  and  the  free  and 
nnrestrict**«l  use,  possession  and  lx.'nelits  of  the  home  farm,  so  long 
as  she  may  live,  in  lieu  of  dower,  to  which  she  is  entitled  by  law; 
said  farm  being  my  j>rescnt  place  of  residence. 

Fifth.  I  In'tjueath  to  my  invalid  father.  Samuel  1.  Ixwis,  Sr., 
the  inconje  fr<>m  the  rentii  of  mv  store  buiUling.  at  Canton,  Illinois, 
durin;;  the  term  of  his  natural  life.  Said  i>uildin<;  and  lanti  there- 
with  revert  to  my  said  6«»ns  and  daughters  in  e<jual  proj>ortion8, 
u{Hin  the  demise  of  my  said  father. 

isij'th.  It  \a  also  my  will  and  desire,  that  at  the  deatli  of  mv 
wile,  Tryphena  Ix'wis,  or  at  any  time  she  nniy  arrange  to  relimjuisli 
her  life  interest  in  the  a)>ovc  mentionetl  homestead,  tiic  same  may 
revert  to  my  aiiovo  namcJ  children,  or  to  the  lawful  heirs  of  each. 

AniL  I^tsthj.  I  appoint  as  executors  of  this,  my  last  will  and 
It'Slamcnt,  mv  wife 'I  rvpiiena  Lewis,  and  mv  eldest  son.  I'ranklin 
M.  Lewi.s. 

I  further  direct  tliat  my  debt«  and  necessary  funeral  expenses 
shall  be  ])aitl  from  moneys  now  on  dejM»sit  in  the  First  National 
Rank,  Pekin,  Illinois,  the  residue  of  such  moneys  to  revert  to  my 
xiit'e,  Tryphena  Lewis,  for  lier  use  forever. 

In  witness  thereof",  I,  Samuel  T.  I^ewis,  to  tliis,  my  last  will  and 
te^tament,  have  hereimto  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  third  day  of 
March,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy. 

[L.  S.]  '  Samiel  T.  Lewis. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  by  Samuel  X.  Lewis,  as  and  for  his 
last  will  aiul  testament,  in  the  presence  of  us,  who,  at  his  request, 
and  in  his  presence,  and  in  the  presence  of  each  other,  have  sub- 
6cril>ed  our  names  hereunto  as  witnesses  thereof. 

Fred  IJ.  Sflleck.  Chicago.  Illinois 
Era^tus  Child,  Oneida,  Illinois. 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  935 

CODICIL. 

Whereas,  I,  Sanmel  T.  Lewis,  did,  on  tlie  third  day  of  Marcli, 
one  thousand  eight  hnnch-ed  and  seventy,  make  my  hist  will  and 
testament,  I  do  now,  by  this  writing,  add  this  codicil  to  my  said 
will,  to  be  taken  as  a  part  thereof. 

Whereas,  by  the  dispensation  of  Providence,  my  daughter  Lida 
Louan,  has  deceased,  November  lifth,  eighteen  hundi'edand  seventy- 
four,  and,  whereas,  a  son  has  been  born  to  me,  which  son  is  now 
christened  Charles  JJurchard  Lewis,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  him 
my  gold  watcli,  and  all  right,  interest  and  title  in  lands  and  bank 
stock  and  chattels  bequeathed  to  my  deceased  daughter  Lida  Louan, 
in  the  body  of  this  wi41 

In  witness  thereof,  I  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  fifth 
day  of  March,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 

[L.  S.]  Samukl  T.  Lewis. 

Signed,  sealed,  published  and  declared  to  us  by  the  testator, 
Samuel  T.  Lewis,  as  and  for  a  codicil,  to  be  annexed  to  his  last  will 
and  testament.  And  we,  at  his  request,  and  in  his  presence,  and  in 
the  presence  of  each  other,  have  subscribed  our  names  as  witnesses 
thereto,  at  the  date  hereof. 

Erastus  Child,  Oneida,  111. 
E.  C.  .T(jhn8on,  (yhicago,  111. 

DESCENT. 

When  no  will  is  made,  the  property  of  a  deceased  person  is  dis- 
tributed as  follows: 

Jfirst.  To  his  or  her  children  and  their  descendants,  in  equal 
parts;  the  descendants  of  the  deceased  child  or  grand  child  taking 
the  share  of  their  deceased  parents,  in  equal  parts  among  them. 

Second.-  AVliere  there  is  no  child,  no  descendant  of  such  child, 
and  no  widow  or  surviving  husband,  then  to  the  parents,  brothers 
and  sisters  of  the  deceased,  and  their  descendants,  in  equal  parts, 
the  surviving  ])arent,  if  either  be  dead,  taking  a  double  portion; 
and  if  there  is  no  parent  living,  then  to  the  brothers  and  sisters  of 
the  intestate  and  their  descendants. 

Third.  When  there  is  a  widow  or  surviving  husband,  and  no 
child  or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  same,  then  one-half  of  the 
real  estate  and  the  whole  of  the  personal  estate  shall  descend  to 
such  widow  or  surviving  husband,  absolutely,  and  the  other  half  of 
the  real  estate  shall  descend  as  in  other  cases  where  there  is  no 
child  or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  same. 

Fourth.     When  there  is  a  widow  or  surviving  husband,  and  also 


936  DIGEST   OF    8TATK    LAWS 

a  child  or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  latter,  then  one-third  of 
all  jtersonal  estate  to  the  widow  or  surviving  husband,  absolutely. 

Fifth.  If  there  be  no  child,  j>arcnt,  brother  or  sister,  or 
descendants  of  either  of  them,  and  ntt  widow  or  surviving  husband, 
then  in  equal  parts  to  the  next  of  kin  to  the  intestate  in  e<|ual 
degree.  Collaterals  shall  not  be  rej)reseuted  except  with  the 
descendants  of  brotlier  and  sister  of  the  intestate,  and  there  shall 
be  no  distinction  between  kindred  of  the  wh;)le  and  tlie  half-blood. 

Sixth.  If  any^intestate  leaves  a  widow  (»r  surviving  husband 
and  no  kindred,  then  to  such  widow  or  surviving  husband;  and  if 
there  is  no  such  widow  or  surviving  husband,  it  shall  esclieat  to  and 
invest  in  the  county  where  the  same  or  the  greater  portion  thereof 
is  situated. 

DEEDS. 

A  deed  is  a  sealed  instrument  in  writing,  conveying  lands  and 
appurtiMiances  thereon  from  one  person  to  another,  and  sj)ecial  care 
should  be  taken  to  have  them  signed,  sealed,  delivered  and  properly 
acknowledged,  with  tlie  proper  seal  attached.  Witnesses  an*  not 
necessary.  Tlie  law  in  this  State  provides  that  an  acknowledg- 
ment must  be  nuide  Injfore  certain  |>erson8  authorized  to  take  the 
samo.  These  officers  arc;  Master  in  Chancery,  Notary  Public, 
Circuit  or  County  Clerk,  Justice  of  the  Peace.  United  States  Com- 
missioner, or  any  Court  of  Ilecord  having  a  seal,  or  any  Judge, 
Justice  or  Clerk  of  any  such  ojurt.  The  instrument  shall  be 
attested  by  the  official  seal  of  the  officer  hiking  the  acknowledg- 
ment, and  when  taken  by  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  residing  out  of  the 
county  where  the  real  estate  to  be  conveyed  lies,  there  shall  lie 
added  a  certiticiite  of  the  County  Clerk  under  his  Fcal  of  office,  that 
ho  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  county  at  the  time  <»f  taking 
the  same.  A  deed  is  good  without  such  certilicate  attached,  but 
cannot  be  used  in  evidence  unless  such  a  certilicate  is  produced  or 
other  competent  evidence  introduced.  Acknowledgments  made 
out  of  the  State  must  either  be  executed  according  to  the  laws  of 
this  State,  or  there  should  l>e  attached  a  certificate  that  is  in  conform- 
ity with  the  laws  of  the  State  or  country  where  executed.  Where 
this  is  not  done  the  same  may  be  ])roved  by  any  other  legal  way. 
Acknowledgments  where  the  ITomestead  rights  arc  to  be  waived 
must  state  as  follows:  "  Includinjr  the  release  and  waiver  of  the 
right  of  homestead." 


DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS.  937 

To  render  a  deed  v;ilitl,  there  luurit  be  a  sufficient  consideration. 
To  enable  a  person  to  legally  convey  property  to  another,  the  fol- 
lowing requisites  are  necessary:  1st,  he  or  she  must  be  <»f  age; 
2d,  must  be  of  sane  mind;  and,  3d,  he  or  she  must  be  the  rightful 
owner  of  the  property 

Any  alterations  or  interlineations  in  the  deed  should  be  noted  at 
the  bottom  of  the  instrument,  and  properly  witnessed.  After  the 
acknowledgment  of  a  deed,  the  parties  have  no  right  to  make  the 
sliirhtest  alterations.  An  alteration  after  the  acknowledgment  in 
favor  of  the  grantee  vitiates  the  deed.  The  maker  of  a  deed  is 
called  the  "grantor;''  the  person  or  party  to  whom  the  deed  is 
delivered,  the  "grantee."  The  wife  of  the  grantor  must  ackowl- 
edire  the  deed,  or  else,  after  the  death  of  her  husband,  she  will  be 
entitled  to  one-third  interest  in  the  property,  as  dower,  during  her 
life.  Her  acknowledgment  of  the  deed  must  be  of  her  own  free 
will  and  accord. 

By  a  general  warranty  deed  the  grantor  engages  to  secure  tlie 
grantee  in  any  right  or  possession  to  the  property  conveyed  against 
all  persons  whatsoever.  A  quit-claim  deed  releases  what  interest 
the  grantor  may  have  in  the  land,  but  does  not  warrant  and  defend 
against  others.  AVe  do  not  give  form  for  a  deed,  as  printed  forms 
are  used  bv  all.     Deeds  should  be  recorded  without  delay. 

MORTGAGES  AND  TRUST  DEEDS 

Are  conditional  conveyances  of  estates  or  property  by  way  of 
pledge  for  the  security  of  debt,  and  to  become  void  on  payment  of 
it.  Special  care  should  be  taken  to  have  them  signed,  sealed^ 
delivered,  and  properly  acknowledged,  with  the  proper  seal  attached. 
All  kinds  of  property,  real  or  personal,  which  arc  capable  of  an 
absolute  sale,  may  be  the  subject  of  a  mortgage. 

Mortgages  of  personal  property  need  not  be  under  seal.  In  the 
absence  of  stipulation  to  the  contrary,  the  mortgagee  of  personal 
property  has  the  legal  title  thereto,  and  the  right  o^  possession,  and 
he  may  liave  an  action  against  any  one  taking  them  from  the  mort- 
gagor. And  although  the  mortgage  contains  no  express  stipulation 
that  the  mortgagor  shall  remain  in  possession  until  default  of  pay- 
ment, and  with  a  power  to  sell  for  the  mortgagee's  debt,  the  mort>- 
gagee  may  nevertheless  sustain  trover  against  an  officer  attaching 
the  goods  as  the  property  of  the  mortgagor. 


938  DUJKST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

A  morto^afjc  must  be  in  writing  wlien  it  is  intended  to  convey  the 
legal  title.  It  iriist  be  in  one  single  deed  which  contains  the  whole 
contract. 

Redeinptioji  ninst  be  made  within  one  year  from  the  sale. 
Where,  however,  the  mortgagee  takes  the  property  for  an  absolute 
discharge  of  the  debt,  then  the  etjuity  or  right  of  redemption  is 
barred.  S'ltiftfartiony  or  release  of  a  mf>rtgage,  may  bo  made  on 
the  margin  ot  the  record,  or  bv^an  instrument  duly  acknowledged. 
The  wife  need  not  join  in  this  release. 

TKIST  DKED.S. 

Trust  deeds  arc  taken  generally  in  jjrcference  to  mortgages, 
especially  by  non-residents,  for  in  cjuse  of  foreclosure  under  the 
power  of  sale  there  can  be  no  redemption.  Advertisement,  sale, 
an<i  deed  is  made  by  the  trustee. 

Mortgjiges  of  personal  j)roj>ertv,  or  chattel  mortgages,  can  be 
given  tor  a  period  of  only  two  years,  and  cannot  be  renewed  or 
extended.  Acknowled<rment  mav  be  had  l>e(ore  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace  of  the  town  or  district  in  which  the  mortgagor  resides.  If 
the  mortgagor  is  a  nonresident,  then  before  any  ollicer  authorized 
by  law  to  take  acknowledgments.  Foreclosures  may  be  eflected 
upon  default,  atid  )M)Ssession,  and  sale  of  the  proi)erty  taken  and 
made;  any  delay  will  invalidate  tlie  mortgagee's  lien. 

MENS. 

Any  person  who  shall  by  contract,  expressed  or  implied,  or 
j»artly  both,  with  the  owner  of  any  lot  or  tract  of  land,  furnish 
labor  or  material,  or  services  as  an  architect  or  suj»erintendent,  in 
building,  altering,  rej)airing,  or  ornamenting  any  Imuso,  or  other 
building  or  appurtenance  thereto  on  such  lot,  or  upon  any  street  or 
alley,  and  cotmecteU  with  such  im])rovements,  shall  have  a  lien 
upon  the  whole  of  such  lot  or  tract  of  land,  and  ujkjii  such  house 
or  buililing  and  appurtenances  for  the  amount  due  him  for  labor, 
material  or  services.  If  the  contract  is  expressed,  and  the  time  for 
the  completion  of  the  work  is  beyond  three  years  from  the  com- 
mencement thereof;  or,  if  the  time  of  payment  is  beyond  one  year 
from  the  time  stipulated  for  the  completion  of  the  work,  then  no 
lien  exists.  If  the  contract  is  implied,  then  no  lien  exists,  unless 
the  work  be  done,  or  material  furnished,  within  one  year  from  the 
commencement   of    the   wurk    or   deliverv   of  the    material.     As 


DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS.  93<J 

between  difterent  creditors  havin«^  liens,  no  preference  is  given  to 
tlie  one  wliose  contract  was  nuulo  first;  l)ut  each  shares  ])ro  rata. 
Incumbrances  existing  upon  the  lot  or  tract  "of  the  land  at  the  time 
the  contract  is  made  do  not  operate  on  the  improvements,  and  are 
only  ])reterred  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the  land  at  the  time  of 
making  the  contract.  The  above  lien  cannot  be  enforced  unless 
suit'is  commenced  within  six  months  after  the  last  payment  for 
labor  or  materials  shall  have  become  due  and  payable.  Sub-con- 
tractors, mechanics,  workmen,  and  other  persons  furnishing  any 
material,  or  performing  any  labor  for  a  contractor,  as  above  speci- 
fied, have  a  lien  to  the  extent  of  the  amount  due  the  contractor  at 
the  time  the  following  notice  was  served  upon  the  owner  of  the 
land  who  made  the  contract: 

To :  You  are  hereby  notified  that  I  have  been  emploved 

by  [here  state  whether  to  labor  or  to  furnish  material, 

and  substantially  the  nature  of  the  demand]  uj)on  your  [here  state 
m  general  terms  description  and  situation  of  ijuildiugj,  and  that  I 
shall  hold  the  [building,  or  as  the  case  may  be],  and  your  interest 
in  the  ground  liable  for  the  amount  that  may  [is  or  may  become] 
due  me  on  account  thereof.  [Signature] . 

Dated, . 

If  there  is  a  contract  in  writing  between  contractor  and  sub-con- 
tractor, a  copy  of  it  should  be  served  with  the  above  notice,  and  such 
notice  must  be  served  within  forty  days  from  the  completion  of 
such  sub-contract,  if  there  is  one;  if  not,  then  from  the  time  pay- 
ment should  have  been  made  to  the  person  performing  the  labor 
or  furnishing  the  material.  If  the  owner  is  not  a  resident  of  the 
county,  or  cannot  be  found  therein,  then  the  above  notice  must  bo 
filed  with  the  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court,  with  his  fee,  fifty  cents, 
and  a  copy  of  such  notice  must  be  published  in  a  newspaper  pub- 
lished in  the  county  for  four  successive  weeks. 

When  the  owner  or  agent  is  notified  as  above  he  can  retain  any 
money  due  the  contractor  sufticient  to  ])ay  such  claim;  if  more 
than  one  claim,  and  not  enough  to  pay  all,  they  are  to  be  paid  pro 
rata. 

The  owner  has  a  riifht  to  demand  in  writino:  a  statement  of  the 
contractor,  of  what  he  owes  for  labor,  etc.,  from  time  to  time  as  the 
work  progresses. 

Tiie  liens  referred  to  cover  any  and  all  estates,  whether  in  fee  for 


940  DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWs'. 

life,  for  yeara,  or  any  other  interest  which  the  owner  may  have. 

To  enforce  the  liens  of  6ul»-contractors,  suit  must  be  coninieiiced 
within  three  months  from  the  time  of  the  performance  of  the  sub- 
contract, or  during  the  work  or  lurnishing  materials. 

Hotels  inn  and  hMyrdhuj-house  kttj)ers  have  a  lien  ujmn  the 
baj,'^age  and  other  valual)les  of  their  guests  or  buarders  brought 
into  such  hotel,  inn,  or  boarding-house,  by  their  guests  or  boarders 
for  the  proper  charges  due  fruni  such  guests  or  boarders  for  their 
accommodation,  board  and  lodging,  and  such  extras  &&  are  furnished 
at  their  request. 

Stahle-keeptrs  and  other  persons  have  a  lien  npon  the  horses, 
carriages  and  harness  kept  by  them  for  the  projjer  charges  due  for 
the  kee]>ii!g  thereof,  and  expenses  bestowed  thereon  at  the  request 
of  the  owner,  or  the  person  having  the  j>osses6i(»n  of  the  same. 

Afjistii's  (j)ersons  who  take  cure  of  cattle  belonging  toothers) 
and  persons  keeping,  yarding,  feeiling,  or  jiasturing  domestic  ani- 
mals shall  have  a  lien  upon  the  animals  agistered,  kejjt,  yarded  or 
fed  for  the  pn>per  charges  due  for  such  service. 

All  persons  who  may  furnish  any  railroad  corporation  in  this 
Stite  with  fuel,  ties,  nniterial,  supplies,  or  any  other  article  or  thing 
necessary  for  the  construction,  maintenance,  operation  or  rej)air  of 
its  road  by  contnict,  or  may  perform  work  or  labor  for  the  same,  are 
entitled  to  l>c  paid  as  ]mrt  of  the  current  expenses  of  the  road,  and 
have  a  lien  upon  all  its  property.  Sub-contractors  or  laborers  have 
also  a  lien.  The  conditions  and  limitations,  both  as  to  contractors 
and  to  sub-contractors,  are  about  the  same  as  herein  stated,  as  to 
general  liens. 

BILL  OF  SALE. 

A  bill  of  sale  is  a  written  agreement  to  another  pjirty  for  a  con- 
sideration to  convey  his  right  and  interest  in  the  jjer.-onal  proj>erty. 
The  purchaser  must  take  actual  j)OS6ession  of  the  j)roperty.  Juries 
have  power  to  determine  upon  the  fairness  or  unfairness  of  a  bill 
of  sale.  • 

COMMON    Form    OF   BILL   OF   SALE. 

Know  All  Mln  by  this  instrument,  that  1,  1].  V.  Lewis,  of  Chi- 
cago, Illinois,  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration  of  six  hun- 
dred and  tifty  dollars,  to  me  paid  by  Columbus  C.  Chapman, 
Astoria,  Illinois,  of  the  second  ]»art,  the  receipt  whereof  is  herebv 
acknowledged,  have  aoid,  and  by  this  instrument  do  convey  unto 


DIGEST  OF   STATE    LAWS.  941 

the  said  Chapman,  party  of  the  second  part,  his  executors,  admin- 
ietrators,  and  a-si<^ns,  my  undivided  half  of  ten  acres  of  corn  on 
my  farm  in  the  town  of  Deer  Creek,  Illinois;  one  ]»air  of  horses, 
twenty  sheej),  and  Hve  cows,  beloni^in^  to  me,  and  in  my  possession 
at  the  fiirin  aloiLsaid;  to  liave  and  to  hold  the  same  unto  the  ]>arty 
of  the  second  part,  liis  executors  and  assigris,  forever.  And  1  do, 
for  myself  and  legal  representatives,  agree  with  tlie  said  party  of 
the  second  part,  and  his  legal  rcj>resontativc>,  to  warrant  and  d<!fend 
the  sale  of  the  aforementioiu'd  property  and  chattels  unto  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives,  against  all 
and  every  person  whatsoever. 

In  witness  whereof  I  have  liereunto  affixed  my  han(f  this  tenth 
day  of  October,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 

B.  F.  Lkwis. 

DAYS  OF  GRACE. 

No  cheek,  draft,  bill  of  exchange,  promissory  note,  order,  or 
negotiable  instrument,  payable  at  sight  or  on  demand,  or  on  pre- 
sentment, shall  be  entitled  to  days  of  grace.  All  other  bills  of 
exchange,  drafts  or  notes  are  entitled  to  three  days  of  grace.  All 
the  above-mentioned  paper  falling  due  on  Sunday,  New  Year's  day, 
Fourth  of  July,  Christmas,  or  any  day  appointed  or  recommended 
by  the  President  of  the  United  States  or  Governor  of  tho  "State  as 
a  day  of  fasting  or  thanksgiving,  shall  be  deemed  as  due  on  the 
day  previous;  and  should  two  or  more  of  these  days  come  together, 
then  such  instrument  shall  be  treated  as  due  on  the  day  previous  to 
the  lirst  of  said  days. 

LIMITATION  OF  ACTION. 

The  limit  of  time  in  which  action  may  be  brought  on  certain 
things  is  as  tollows:  Open  accounts,  five  years;  notes  and  written 
contracts,  ten  years;  judgments,  twenty  years;  partial  payments  or 
new  promise  in  writing,  within  or  after  said  period,  will  revive 
the  debt;  absence  from  the  State  deducted,  and  when  the  cause  of 
action  is  barred  by  the  law  of  another  State,  it  has  the  same  eflect 
here;  assault,  slander,  libel,  replevin,  one  year;  personal  injuries, 
two  years;  to  recover  land  or  make  entry  thereon,  twenty  years;  and 
sealed  and  witnessed  instruments,  as  action  to  foreclose  mortgage 
or  trust  deed,  within  ten  years.  All  persons  in  possession  of  land, 
and  paying  taxes  for  seven  consecutive  years,  with  color  of  title,  and 
all  persons  paying  taxes  for  seven  consecutive  years,  with  color  of 
title,  on  vacant  land,  shall  be  held  to  l)e  the  legal  owners  to  the 
extent  of  their  paper  title. 


942  DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS. 

RECE1I»TS. 

Receipts  slioukl  always  state  when  received  and  what  for;  and  if 
recuij^t  is  in  lull  il^yshould  be  so  stated.     We  give  two  t'ornis: 

FOlt    MONKV    ON    ACCOUNT. 

Ilcccivod,  Knoxville,  111.,  Nov.  10,  1^78,  of  J.  (1.  Cover,  si.vty 
dollars  on  account.     $00.  J.  II.  Fkanklin. 

lOU    MONEY    ADVANCED    ON    A    C(tNTKA('T. 

1*5100.  Galksiuk.!,  li.i..,  June  !♦,  1S6S. 

Kcceived  of  Fernando  Iloss,  one  lumdicd  dollars,  in  advance,  on 
contract   t^A>uild  for  him  a  brick  house  at  Xo.  70   Kelloi;}'  street. 

Samlel  J.  Cmai'Man. 

EXEMTTIOS  FKOM  FOUCEI)  S.VLES. 

The  foil  oxc  11 1  (J  ptraonal  propertij  and  home  worth  $1,000, — Lot 
of  f^round  and  biiildin;.^8  thereon,  occupied  as  a  residence  by  the 
debtor,  bein^  a  householder  and  having  a  family,  to  the  value  ol 
$1,000.  Ivxeniption  C(^ntinues  after  the  death  t»f  the  householder  fur 
the  benetit  of  tiie  widow  and  family,  some  of  them  occupying  the 
homestead  until  the  youngest  shall  become  twenty-one  years  of  age, 
and  unti"!  the  death  of  the  widow.  There  is  no  exemj)tion  Trom  sale 
for  ta.xes,  assessments,  debt  or  liability  incurred  for  the  purchase  or 
improvement  of  said  homestead.  No  release  or  waiver  of  exemption 
is  valid  unless  in  writing  and  subscribed  by  such  householder  and 
wife  (if  he  h:i3  one),  and  acknowledged  as  conveyances  of  real  estate 
are  re<juired  to  l)0  acknowledged. 

Tlie  following  articles  of  j>ersonaI  property  owned  by  the  debtor 
are  exemj)t  from  execution,  writ  oi  attachment,  and  distress  for  rent: 
The  necessary  wearing  apparel.  I5il)lcs,  school-bcjoks  and  family  pic- 
tures of  every  j)erson;  and  one  hundred  doUars'worth  of  other  prop- 
erty, to  l)c  eelectcd  by  the  debtor,  and  in  addition,  when  the  debtor 
is  the  head  of  a  family  and  resides  with  the  same,  three  hundred  dol- 
lars' worth  of  other  property  to  Ije  selected  by  the  debtor, — provided 
that  such  selection  and  cxemj)tion  shall  not  be  made  by  the  debtor 
or  allowed  to  him  or  her  from  any  njoney,  salary  or  wages  due  him  or 
her  from  any  person  or  persons  or  corporations  whatever.  When  the 
head  of  the  family  dies,  deserts,  or  does  not  re&ide  jvith  the  same, 
the  family  shall  be  entitled  to  and  receive  all  the  benefit  and  priv- 
ilege  which  are  by  this  act  conferred  upon  the  head  of  a  family 
residing  with  the  same.     No  personal  property  is  exemjjt  from  exe- 


DIOFIST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  *  943 

cation  when  judgment  is  obtained  for  tlie  wages  of  lahorera  or  ser- 
vants. AVages  of  a  laborer  who  is  the  hoad  of  a  family  cannot  be 
garnisheed  except  for  the  siun  due  him  in  excess  of  $25. 

LANDLORDS  .VM>  TK.VANTS. 

The  j)rincii):il  obligation  on  the  part  of  a  landlord,  which  is  in 
fact  always  to  be  implied  as  a  necessary  condition  to  his  receiving 
any  rent,  is,  that  Llie  tenant  shall  enjoy  the  quiet  jiossession  of  the 
premises, — which  means,  substantially,  that  he  shall  not  be  turned 
out  of  possession  of  the  whole  or  any  material  part  of  the  premises 
by  any  one  having  a  title  paramount  to  that  of  the  landlord,  or  that 
the  landlord  shall  not  himself  disturb  or  render  his  occupation  uu- 
comfurtable  by  the  erection  of  a  nuisance  on  or  near  the  premises, 
or  otherwise  oblige  him  to  quit  possession.  But  if  he  l)e  ousted  by  a 
stranger, — that  is,  by  one  having  no  title, — or  after  the  rent  has 
fallen  due,  or  if  the  molestation  proceeils  from  acts  of  a  third  person, 
the  landload  is  in  neither  ease  responsible  for  it.  Another  obligation 
which  the  law  imposes  on  the  landlord,  in  the  absence  of  any  ex- 
press stipulation  in  the  lease,  is  the  payment  of  all  taxes  chargeable 
upon  the  property,  or  any  ground  rents  or  interest  upon  mortgages 
to  which  it  may  be  subject.  Every  landlord  is  bound  to  protect  his 
tenant  against  all  paramount  claims.  And  if  a  tenant  is  comj)elIed, 
in  order  to  protect  himself  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  land  in  respect 
of  which  his  rent  is  payable,  to  make  payment  which  ought,  as  be- 
tween himself  and  his  landlord,  to  have  been  made  by  the  latter,  he 
may  call  upon  the  landlord  to  reimburse  him,  or  he  may  deduct 
such  payment  from  the  rent  due  or  to  become  due.  But  the  land- 
lord is  under  no  obligation  to  make  repairs,  or  to  rebuild  in  case  the 
premises  should  be  burned;  nor  does  he  guaranty  that  they  are 
reasonably  fit  for  the  purpose  for  which  they  are  taken.  And  it  is 
not  in  the  power  of  a  tenant  to  make  repairs  at  the  exj)ense  of  his 
landlord,  unless  there  be  a  special  agreement  between  them  author- 
izing him  to  do  so;  for  the  tenant  takes  the  premises  for  better  or 
worse,  and  cannot  involve  the  landlord  in  expense  for  repairs  without 
his  consent.  Even  if  the  premises  have  become  uninhabitable  by  ' 
tire,  and  the  landlord,  having  insured  them,  has  recovered  the 
insurance  money,  the  tenant  cannot  com])el  him  to  expend  the 
money  so  recovered  in  reiniilding,  unless  he  has  expressly  engaged 
to  do  so;  nor  can  he  in  such  an  event  protectliimself  from  the  payment 
of  rent  during  the  unexpired  balance  of  the  tern),  unless  exempted 


944  DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAW'S. 

therefrom  bv  statute  or  the  terms  of  the  lease.  The  iininhabit- 
ableuess  of  a  house  is  not  a  croud  defense  to  an  action  for  rent.  If 
tlie  hind  lord -ti^tpressly  covenanted  to  repair,  the  tenant  cannot  quit 
and  discharge  himself  of  rent  because  the  rej)air8  me  nut  made,  un- 
less tliere  is  a  j)ruvision  to  thatelfect;  and  if  a  landlurd  is  bound  by 
custom  or  by  express  agreement  to  repair,  this  obligation,  and  the 
obligation  of  the  tenant  to  pay  rent,  are  independent  of  each  other, 
so  that  the  refusal  or  neglect  of  the  landlord  to  repair  is  no  answer 
to  a  demand  for  rent.  The  tenant  is  answerable  for  any  neglect  to 
repair  highways,  fences,  or  party  walls.  He  is  also  liable  for  all 
injuries  ])rodufed  by  the  mismanagement  of  his  servants,  or  by  a 
nuisance  kej)t  ujum  the  premises,  or  by  an  obstruction  of  the  high- 
ways adjacent  to  them,  or  the  like.  One  of  the  principal  obligations 
which  the  law  imposes  upon  every  tenant,  inde|»endent  of  any  agree- 
ment, is  to  treat  the  pninises  in  such  a  manner  that  no  substantial 
injury  shall  be  done  to  them,  and  so  that  they  may  revert  to  the 
landlurtl  at  the  end  of  the  term  unimpaired  by  any  willful  or  negli- 
gent conduct  on  his  part. 

A  tenancy  from  year  to  year  re<|uires  sixty  days'  notice  in  writing 
to  terminate  the  same  at  the  end  of  the  year;  such  notice  can  be 
given  at  any  time  within  four  months  preceding  the  last  sixty  days 
of  the  year. 

A  tenancy  by  the  month,  or  less  than  a  year,  where  the  tenant 
holds  over  without  any  special  agreenjent,  the  landlord  may  termi- 
nate the  tenancy  by  tliirty  days'  notice  in  writing. 

When  rent  is  due,  the  landlord  may  serve  a  notice  upon  the  ten- 
ant, stating  that  uidess  the  rent  is  paid  within  not  less  than  Hve 
days,  his  lease  will  be  terminated;  if  the  rent  is  not  paid,  the  land- 
lord may  consider  the  lease  ended.  When  a  default  is  made  in  any 
of  the  terms  of  the  lease,  it  shall  not  be  necessary  to  give  more 
,than  ten  days'  notice  to  quit  or  of  the  terujination  of  such  tenancy; 
and  the  same  may  l>e  terminated  on  giving  such  notice  to  qiiit,  at 
any  time  after  such  default  in  any  of  the  terms  of  such  lease; 
which  notice  may  be  substantially  in  the  following  form: 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified  that,  in  consequence  of  your 

default  [IiL-re  insert  the  character  of  the  default],  of  the  premises 
now  occupied  by  you,  l)eing.  etc.,  [here  describe  the  premises],  I 
have  elected  to  determine  your  lease,  and  3'ou  are  hereby  notified  to 
quit  and  deliver  up  possession  of  the  same  to  rae  within  ten  days  of 
this  date  [dated,  etc]. 


DIGESsT    OF    STATi:    LAWS.  945 

The  above  to  be  signed  by  the  lessor  or  liis  agent,  and  no  other 
notice  or  demand  of  possession  or  termination  of  such  tenancy  is 
necessary. 

Demand  may  be  made  or  notice  served  by  delivering  a  written  or 
printed,  or  partly  either,  copy  thereof  to  the  tenant,  or  leaving  the 
same  with  some  person  above  the  age  of  twelve  years,  residing  on 
or  in  possession  of  t!ie  premises;  and  in  cjise  no  one  is  in  actual 
possession  of  said  premises,  then  by  posting  the  same  on  the  prem- 
ises. When  the  tenancy  is  for  a  certain  time,  and  the  term  expires 
by  the  terms  of  the  lease,  the  tenant  is  then  bound  to  surrender 
possession,  and  no  notice  to  quit  or  demand  possession  is  necessary. 

DISTRESS   FOR    RENT. 

In  all  cases  of  distress  for  rent,  the  landlord,  by  himself,  his  agent 
or  his  attorney,  may  seize  for  rent  any  personal  property  of  his  ten- 
ant that  may  be  found  in  the  county  where  the  tenant  resides.  The 
prt)]ierty  of  any  other  person,  even  if  found  on  the  premises,  is  not 
liable. 

An  inventory  of  the  property  levied  upon,  with  a  statement  of 
the  amount  of  rent  claimed,  should  be  at  once  filed  with  some 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  if  not  over  $200;  and  if  above  that  sum,  with 
the  Clerk  of  a  Court  of  Record  of  competent  jurisdiction.  Property 
may  be  released  by  a  party  executing  a  satisfactory  bond  for  double 
the  amouut. 

The  landlord  may  distrain  for  rent  any  time  within  six  months 
after  tlie  expiration  of  the  term  of  lease,  or  when  terminated. 

In  all  cases  where  the  premises  rented  shall  be  sub-let,  or  the 
lease  assigned,  the  landlord  shall  have  the  same  right  to  enforce 
lien  against  such  lessee  or  assignee,  that  he  has  against  the  tenant 
to  whom  the  premises  were  rented. 

When  a  tenant  abandons  or  removes  from  the  premises,  or  any 
part  thereof,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  his  attorney  may  seize 
upon  any  grain  or  crops  grown  or  growing  upon  the  j)remises,  or 
part  thereof  so  abandoned,  whether  the  rent  is  due  or  not.  If  such 
grain  or  other  crops,  or  any  part  thereof,  is  not  fully  grown  or 
matured,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  attorney  shall  cause  the  same 
to  be  properly  cultivated,  harvested  t»r  gathered,  and  may  sell  the 
same,  and  from  the  proceeds  pay  all  his  labor,  expenses  and  rent. 
The  tenant  may,  before  the  sale  of  such  property,  redeem  the  same 


*J46  DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

by  tenderin<^  the  rent  and  reasonable  compensation  for  the  work 
done,  or  he  may  replevy  the  same. 


KXEMITIOX. 


W 


The  same  articles  of  personal  property  which  are  by  law  exempt 
from  execution,  except  the  crops,  as  above  mentioned,  are  also 
exempt  from  distress  for  rent. 

If  any  tenant  is  about  to,  or  shall  permit,  of  attempt  to  sell  or 
remove  from  the  premises,  without  the  consent  of  his  landlord, 
such  })ortion  of  the  crops  raised  tliereon  as  will  endaiiijer  the  lien 
of  the  landlord  upon  such  crops,  for  the  rent,  it  shall  be  lawful  for 
the  landlord  to  distress  before  rent  is  due. 

(  lUMINAL  LAW 

Is  that  branch  of  jurisprudence  wliifh  treats  of  criminal  offenses. 
The  t'Xtrenie  injportance  of  a  knowled«^'  of  criminal  law  is  self- 
evident;  for  a  mistake  in  j>oint  of  law,  which  every  person  of  dis- 
cretion not  only  may  know,  but  is  bound  and  j)resumed  to  know,  is 
in  criminal  cases  no  defense.  This  law  is  administered  upon  the 
principle  that  every  one  must  be  taken  conclusively  to  know  it, 
without  proof  that  he  does  know  it.  This  doctrine  has  been  carried 
60  far  as  to  include  the  case  of  a  foreigner  charged  with  a  crime 
which  was  no  offense  in  his  own  country.  And  further,  the 
crimiiuil  law,  whether  common  or  statute,  is  imperative  with  refer- 
ence to  the  conduct  of  individuals;  so  that,  if  a  statute  forbids  or 
commands  a  thing  to  be  done,  all  acts  or  omissions  contrary  to  the 
prohibition  or  command  «»f  the  statute  are  offenses  at  common  law, 
and  ordinarily  indictablw  as  euch.  When  a  sti^tute  punishes  a 
crime  by  its  legid  designation  without  enumerating  the  acts  which 
constitute  it,  then  it  is  necessary  to  resort  to  the  common  law  for  a 
detinition  of  the  crime  with  its  distinctions  and  (jualifications.  So» 
if  an  act  is  made  criminal,  but  no  mode  of  prosecution  is  directed 
<»r  no  punishment  provided,  the  common  law  (in  the  absence  of  a 
statute  to  the  contrary)  furnishes  its  aid,  prescribing  the  mode  of 
prosecution  by  indictment,  and  its  mode  of  pnnishment  by  fine  and 
in]>ris(nnnent.  So  far.  therefore,  as  the  rules  and  ])rinciples  of  com- 
mon law  are  applicable  to  the  administration  of  the  criminal  law, 
and  have  not  been  altered  or  modified  by  legislation  or  judicial 
decisions,  they  have  the  same  force  and  effect  as  laws  finally  enacted. 


DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS.  947 

The  following  are  some  of  the  leaclin<^  jtrinciples  of  the  criminal 
law : 

1.  Every  man  is  pre.^umed  to  l»e  innocent  till  the  contrary  is 
shown;  and  if  there  is  any  reasonable  doubt  of  his  guilt,  he  is  en- 
titled to  the  benetit  of  the  doubt. 

2.  In  general,  no  person  can  be  brought  to  trial  till  a  grand  jury 
on  examination  of  the  charge  has  found  reason  to  hold  liim  to  trial. 

3.  The  prisoner  is  entitled  to  trial  by  a  jury  of  his  peers,  who  are 
chosen  from  the  body  of  the  people  with  a  view  to  impartiality,  and 
whose  decision  on  questions  of  facts  is  hnal. 

4.  The  question  of  his  guilt  is  to  be  determined  without  reference 
to  his  general  character,  previous  historv,  or  habits  of  life. 

5.  The  prisoner  cannot  be  required  to  criminate  himself,  nor  bo 
compelled  even  to  exculpate  himself  by  giving  his  own  testimony 
on  trial. 

6.  He  cannot  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  for  the  same  offense. 

7.  lie  cannot  be  punished  for  an  act  which  was  not  an  offense  by 
the  law  existing  at  the  time  of  its  commission;  nor  can  a  serverer 
punishment  be  inflicted  than  was  declared  by  the  law  at  the  time  of 
its  commission. 

Crimes  are  sometimes  classified  according  to  the  degree  of  pun- 
ishment incurred  by  their  commissit>n.  They  are  more  generally 
arranged  according  to  the  nature  of  the  oft'ense.  The  following  is, 
perhaps,  as  complete  a  classification  as  the  sul)ject  admits: 

I.  Offenses  against  the  sovereignty  of  the  State — 1,  treason;  2 
misprision  of  treason. 

II.  Offenses  against  the  lives  and  persons  of  individuals — 1, 
murder;  2,  manslaughter;  3,  attempt  to  kill  or  murder;  4,  may- 
hem; 5,  rape ;  6,  robbery.  7,  kidnapping;  8,  false  imprisonment; 
9,  abduction;  10,  assault  and  battery. 

III.  Offenses  agaijist  jmhlic proj)crti/ — 1,  burning  or  destroying 
public  property;  2,  injury  to  same. 

IV.  Offenses  against  private  j>ropertij — 1,  arson;  2,  burglary; 
3,  larceny;  4,  obtaining  goods  under  false  pretenses;  5,  embezzle- 
ment ;  6,  malicious  mischief. 

V.  Offenses  against  pullic  justice — 1,  perjury;  2,  bribery;  3, 
destroying  public  records;  4,  counterfeiting  public  seals  ;  5,  jail 
breach;  6,  escape;  7,  resistance  to  officers;  8,  obstructing  legal 
process;  9,  barratry;  10,  maintenance;   11,   champerty;   12,  con- 


948  DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

tempt  of  court;  13,  oppression;  14,  extortion;  15,  suppression  of 
cviiience;   1(1,  conij)i)Uiuling  felony;^! 7,  misprision  of  felony. 

\'l.  (Jft'Uftes  against  t/tc  jnihlic peace — 1,  cluillengini;  or  accejit. 
iui^  a  challenge  to  a  duel;  2,  unlawful  assembly;  3,  rows;  4,  riot; 
5,  breach  of  the  peace;  G,  libel. 

\'ll.  Ojfensea  against  chastity — 1,  sodomy;  2,  bestiality;  3, 
mlultery;  4,  incest;  5,  bigamy;  6,  seduction;  7,  fornication;  8, 
lascivious  carriage;  0,  keeping  and  frequenting  houses  of  ill-fame. 

VIII.  Otf'ensea  against  public  2>ol  icy — 1,  false  currency;  2,  lot- 
teries; 3,  gambling;  4,  immoral  shows;  5,  violation  of  the  right 
of  suffrage;  6,  destruction  of  game,  tish,  etc.;  7,  nuisance. 

IX.  Ofenses  against  the  currency^  and  jnihlic  and  private 
fsecnrities — 1,  forgery;  2,  counterfeiting;  3,  passing  counterfeit 
money. 

X.  Offenses  against  religion  and  morality — 1,  blasphemy;  2, 
profanity;  3,  Sabbath -breaking;  4,  obscenity;  5,  cruelty  to  ani- 
mals; G,  drunkenness;  7,  promoting  intemperance.  ^ 

XI.  Of' list's  against  tht>  public,  individuals,  or  tlieir  property 
— 1,  conspiracy. 

T.VXES. 

The  owners  of  real  and  personal  ])roperty,  on  the  first  day  of 
March  of  each  year,  are  liable  for  tji.xes  thereon. 

Assessments  should  be  cjinpleted  l>efore  the  fourth  Monday  in 
June,  at  which  time  the  Town  Board  of  Ilcview  meets  to  examine 
assessments,  hear  objections,  and  make  such  changes  as  ought  to  be 
made.  The  County  B»>ard  have  also  power  to  correct  or  change 
assessments. 

The  tii.\-lxx)ks  are  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Town  Collector  on 
or  before  the  tenth  day  of  December,  who  retains  them  until  the 
tenth  day  of  March  following,  when  he  is  re<|uired  to  return  them 
to  the  County  Treasurer,  who  then  collects  all  delinquent  ta.xcs. 

No  costs  accrue  on  real  estixte  taxes  until  adverti^ed,  which  takes 
place  on  the  first  day  of  April,  when  three  weeks*  notice  is  required 
before  judgment.  Cost  of  advertising,  twenty  cents  each  tract  of 
land,  and  ton  cents  each  lot. 

Judgment  is  usually  obtained  at  the  May  term  of  County  Court. 
Costs  six  cents  each  tract  of  land,  and  five  cents  each  lot.  Sale 
takes  place  in  June.     Costs,  in  addition  to  those  mentioned,  twen- 


DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS.  049 

ty-eight  cents  each    tract  uf    land,  and  twenty-seven  cents  each 
town  lot. 

Ileal  estate  sold  fur  ta.xes  may  be  redeemed  any  time  before  the 
expiration  of  two  years  from  the  date  of  sale  by  payment  to  the 
Connty  Clerk  of  the  amount  for  which  it  was  sold,  and  twenty-five 
per  cent,  thereon  if  redeemed  within  six  months,  tifty  per  cent,  if 
redeemed  between  six  and  twelve  months;  if  between  twelve  ami 
eigliteen  months,  seventy -five  per  cent.,  and  if  between  eighteen 
months  and  two  years,  one  hundred  per  cent. ;  and,  in  addition,  all 
subsequent  taxes  paid  by  tlie  pui-chaser,  with  ten  per  cent,  interest 
thereon;  also,  one  dollar  each  tract,  if  notice  is  given  by  the  pur- 
chaser of  the  sale,  and  a  fee  of  twenty-five  cents  to  the  Clerk  for 
his  certificate. 

SUBSCRIPTION. 

The  selling  of  books  by  subscription  is  so  frequently  brought 
into  disrepute  by  agents  making  representations  not  authorized  by 
the  ]>ublishers,  that  the  public  are  often  swindled.  That  there 
may  be  more  general  knowledge  of  the  relation  such  agents  bear 
to  their  principal,  and  the  law  governing  such  cases,  we  give  the 
following  rules,  which,  if  followed,  will  save  a  great  deal  of  trouble 
and  perhaps  serious  loss. 

A  subscripticm  is  the  placing  of  a  signature  below  a  written  or 
printed  engagement.  It  is  the  act  by  which  a  person  contracts,  in 
writing,  to  furnish  a  sum  of  money  for  a  particular  ])urpose:  as,  a 
subscription  to  a  charitable  institution,  a  subscription  for  a  book, 
and  the  like.  In  the  case  of  a  book,  the  consideration  is  concur- 
rent that  the  publisher  shall  publish  the  book  named,  and  deliver 
the  same,  for  which  the  subscriber  is  to  j)ay  the  price  named.  The 
prospectus  and  sample  should  be  carefully  examined  before  sub- 
scribing, as  they  are  the  basis  and  consideration  of  the  promise  to 
pay,  and  not  the  too  often  exaggerated  statements  of  the  agent, 
who  is  merely  employed  to  solicit  subscriptions,  for  which  he 
usually  receives  a  commission  for  each  subscriber,  and  has  no 
authnrit3'  to  change  or  alter  the  conditions  upon  which  the  sub- 
scriptions are  authorized  to  be  made  by  the  publishers.  Should 
the  agent  assume  to  agree  to  make  the  subscription  conditional,  or 
modify  or  change  the  agreement  of  the  publisher,  as  set  out  by 
the  prospectus  and  sample,  in  order  to  bind  the  publisiiers,  the 


950  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

Bubscriher  slioiild  see  that  suClV  condilioii  or  chanire  is  stated  over, 
or  in  ct»niiection  with  his  signature,  so  the  jmbiishers  ma}-  have 
notice  of  tiie  same. 

AV'hen  several  persons  promise  to  contribute  to  a  common  object, 
desired  bv  all,  the  promise  of  each  may  be  a  good  consideration  for 
the  |>romi8e  of  others.  In  general  subscriptions  on  certain  condi- 
tions in  favor  of  the  party  subscribing,  are  binding  when  the  acts 
stipulated  are  ])crformed.  Subscrii>tion  is  in  the  nature  of  a  con- 
tract  of  mutual  promises.  All  persons  should  remember  that  the 
law  as  to  written  contracts  is,  that  they  can  Jiot  he  altered^  varied^  or 
/rscinded  verbally,  but  if  dune  at  all,  must  be  done  in  writing.  It 
is  therefore  im|><>rtant  that  all  persons  contemj)lating  subscribing 
should  distinctly  understand  that  all  talk  before  or  after  the  sub- 
scripti<»n  is  made  is  not  admissible  as  evidence,  and  is  no  part  of 
the  contract.  Persons  before  signing  their  names  to  any  subscrip- 
tion Imok,  «>r  any  written  instrument,  should  carefully  (xamine 
what  it  is;  if  they  cannot  read,  they  should  call  on  some  one  dis- 
interested who  can. 

Persons  who  solicit  subscriptions  are  known  to  the  trade  as  can- 
vassers. They  arc  agents  aj>pointed  to  do  a  particular  business  in 
a  prescribed  mode,  ami  have  no  authority  to  do  it  in  any  other  way 
to  the  j)rejudice  of  their  ])rincipal,  nor  can  they  bind  their  principal 
in  any  other  matter.  They  can  not  collect  m<»ney,  or  agree  that 
payment  may  be  made  in  anything  else  than  money.  They  cannot 
extend  the  time  of  j>ayment  beyond  the  time  of  deliverv,  nor  bind 
their  ]>rincipal  for  payment  t»f  e.\i>ense8  incurred  in  their  business. 

Where  you  pay  money  to  an  agent  you  should  satisfy  yourself  of 
his  atJthority  to  collect  ujoney  lor  his  enjployer. 

(•0.\TK.i(T  FOR  rKRSONAL  SKKVICES. 

When  a  contract  is  entire  and  has  been  only  j»artiallv  fulfilled, 
the  party  in  fault  may  nevertheless  recover  from  the  other  partv  for 
the  actual  benefit  received  and  retained  l)y  the  other  j)artv,  less  the 
damages  sustained  by  such  other  party  b^-  reason  of  tlie  partial 
nuM-tultillment  of  the  contract.  This  may  be  done  in  all  cases 
where  the  other  party  has  received  benefit  from  the  partial  fulfill- 
ment of  the  contract,  whether  he  has  so  received  the  same  from 
choice  or  from  the  necessities  of  the  case.  Where  D  hired  B  to 
work  for  him  for  seven  months  at  §15  per  month,  and  13  worked 


DIGKPT    OK    STATi;    LAWS.  951 

for  D  only  fifty-nine  days,  and  then  qnit  without  any  reasonable 
excuse  therefor,  it  was  held  that  B  ini^ht  nevertheless  recover  from 
D  for  what  the  work  was  reasonal)ly  worth,  less  any  dania«^e  that 
D  may  have  sustained  by  reason  of  the  partial  non-fullillinent  of 
the  contract. 

NEWSPAPER  LIHEL. 

Allowing  the  most  liberal  rule  as  to  the  liability  of  persons  in 
public  employment  to  criticism  for  their  conduct  in  which  the 
public  are  interested,  there  never  has  been  a  rule  which  subjected 
persons,  private  or  ])ublic,  to  be  falsely  traduced.  No  jiublication 
is  privileged  except  a  bona  fide  representation,  made  without 
malice,  to  the  proper  authority,  comjdaining  on  reasonable  grounds. 
The  nearest  approach  to  this  license  is  where  the  person  vilified 
presents  himself  before  the  body  of  the  public  as  a  candidate  for  an 
elective  oftice.  But  even  then  there  is  no  doctrine  which  will  sub- 
ject him  without  remedy  to  every  species  of  malevolent  attack. 

TENDER. 

If  the  tender  be  of  money,  it  can  be  a  defense  only  when  made 
before  the  action  was  brought.  A  tender  does  not  bar  the  do)>t  as 
a  payment  would,  for  in  general  he  is  bound  to  pay  the  sum  which 
he  tendered,  whenever  he  is  required  to  do  so.  But  it  puts  a  stop 
to  accruing  damages  or  interest  for  delay  in  payment,  and  saves 
the  defendant  costs.  It  need  not  be  made  by  the  defendant  ])erson- 
ally;  if  made  by  a  third  person,  at  his  request,  it  is  sufiicient;  and 
if  made  by  a  stranger  without  his  knowledge  or  request,  a  subse- 
quent assent  of  the  debtor  will  operate  as  a  ratification  of  the 
agency,  and  make  the  tender  good.  Any  person  may  make  a  valid 
tender  for  an  idiot.  If  an  agent,  furnished  with  money  to  make  a 
tender,  at  his  own  risk  tender  more,  it  is  good.  So,  a  tender  need 
not  be  made  to  a  creditor  personally;  but  it  must  be  made  to  an 
agent  actually  authorized  to  receive  the  money.  If  the  money  be 
due  to  several  jointly,  it  may  be  tendered  to  either,  but  must  be 
pleaded  as  made  to  all.  The  whole  sum  due  must  be  tendered,  as 
the  creditor  is  not  bound  to  receive  a  i)art  of  his  debt.  If  the 
tender  be  of  the  whole  debt,  it  is  valid.  If  the  obligation  be  in  tiie 
alternative,  one  thing  or  another,  as  the  creditor  may  choose,  the 
tender  should  be  of  both,  that  he  may  make  his  choice.  To  make 
a  tender  t>f  money  valid  the  money  must  be  actually  produced   and 


952  DIOKST    t)F    STATK    LAWS. 

profl'erod,  unless  the  creditor  expressly  or  iiiij^liedly  waives  thia 
production.  The  debtor  is  not  i)OUMd  to  count  out  tlie  money,  it"  he 
has  it  and  oti'ers  it.  No  conditions  must  he  annexed  to  the  tender, 
which  the  creditor  can  have  any  «;ood  reason  whatever  tor  ohjectiiif^ 
to;  as  for  instance,  that  he  should  j;ive  a  receipt  in  full  of  all 
demands.  The  tender  shoultl  be  nuu'le  in  money  made  lawful  by 
the  State  in  which  it  is  offered.  (generally,  a  tender  is  valid  and 
effectual  if  nuule  at  any  time  after  the  debt  is  due;  and  a  demand 
made  after  the  tender  if  for  more  than  the  sum  tendered,  will  not 
avoid  tiie  tender.  Certainly  not,  if  the  demand  is  for  more  than 
the  real  debt,  althoiij^h  the  excess  was  for  another  debt  truly  due. 

Teiuler  of  Clnitt''l8.—  T\\ii  thin<5  teiulered  may  not  be  money,  but 
some  sj»ecitic  article.  If  one  is  bound  to  deliver  chattels  at  a  partic- 
ular time  and  place,  it  may  not  be  enough  if  he  has  them  there;  they 
may  be  min;^led  with  others  of  a  like  kirul  which  lio  is  not  to 
deliver.  Or  they  may  need  some  act  of  sej>aration,  or  identifica- 
tion, or  com))letion,  before  they  could  becoujc  the  property  of  the 
other  party,  (ienerally,  if  no  time  or  place  be  specified,  the  articles 
are  to  Ihj  delivered  where  they  are  at  the  time  of  the  contract, 
uidess  collatenil  circumhtanc«'8  designate  a  different  jdace.  ll"  the 
time  be  fixe<|,  but  not  the  place,  then  it  will  be  jiresumed  that  the 
deliverer  was  to  bring  the  articles  to  tlio  receiver  at  that  time,  and 
for  that  purpose  he  must  go  with  the  chattels  to  the  residence  of  the 
receiver,  unless  something  in  their  very  nature  or  use,  or  some  other 
circumstances  of  Cipiivalent  force,  distinctly  implies  that  they  are 
to  be  left  at  some  other  place.  It  may  iiaj)pen,  fnjui  the  cumbrous- 
nesatd"  the  chattels  or  other  circumstances,  that  it  is  reasoiuible  and 
just  for  the  deliverer  to  ascertain  from  the  receiver,  long  enough 
beforehand,  where  they  shall  be  delivered;  and  then  he  would  l>e 
held  to  this  as  a  legal  obligation.  So,  too,  in  such  a  case,  the 
receiver  would  have  a  right  to  designate  to  the  detiner,  a  reasonable 
time  beforehand,  a  place  of  delivery  reasonably  convenient  to  both 
parties,  and  the  deliverer  would  be  bound  l)y  such  directions.  If 
no  place  be  indicated,  and  the  deliverer  is  not  in  fault  in  this,  he 
may  deliver  the  chattels  to  the  receiver,  in  person,  at  any  place 
which  is  reasonably  convenient.  And  if  the  receiver  refuses  or 
neglects  to  appoint  aiiv  place,  or  purposely  avoids  receiving  notice 
of  a  place,  the  deliverer  may  ajipoint  any  place,  with  a  reasonable 


DIGEST  OF   8TATK    LAWS.  953 

regard  to  the  convenience  of  the  other  party,  and  there  deliver  the 
articles. 

If  the  promise  be  to  pay  at  a  certain  time,  or  deliver  certain 
chattels,  it  ijj  a  promise  in  the  alternative;  and  the  alternative 
belt^nii^s  to  the  promisor;  he  ma}'  do  either  the  one  or  the  other,  at 
his  election;  nor  need  he  make  his  election  until  the  time  when  the 
promise  is  to  be  performed;  but  after  that  day  has  passed  without 
election  on  his  ])art,  the  promisee  has  an  absolute  right  to  the 
money,  and  may  bring  his  action  for  it.  A  contract  to  deliver  a 
certain  quantity  of  merchandise  at  a  certain  time  means,  of  course, 
to  deliver  the  whole  then.  If  by  the  terms  of  the  contract  certain 
specific  articles  are  to  be  delivered  at  a  certain  time  and  place  in  pay- 
ment of  an  existing  debt,  this  contract  is  fully  discharged  and  the 
debt  is  paid,  by  a  complete  and  legal  tender  of  the  articles  at  the 
time  and  place,  although  the  promisee  was  not  there  to  receive 
them;  and  no  action  can  thereafter  be  maintained  on  the  contract. 
But  the  property  in  the  goods  has  passed  to  the  creditor,  and  he 
may  retain  them  as  his  own. 

DRUNKENNESS 

Is  the  condition  of  a  person  who  is  under  the  immediate  influence 
of  intoxicating  li(^uors.  This  condition  presents  various  degrees  of 
intensity,  ranging  from  a  simple  exhilaration  to  a  state  of  utter 
unconsciousness  and  insensibility. 

The  common  law  shows  but  little  disposition  to  afford  relief, 
either  in  civil  or  criminal  cases,  from  the  immediate  effects  of 
drunkenness.  •  It  has  never  considered  drunkenness  alone  as  a  sutti- 
cient  reason  for  invalidating  any  act. 

When  carried  so  far  as  to  deprive  the  party  of  all  consciousness^ 
strong  presumption  of  fraud  is  raised;  and  on  that  ground  courts 
may  interfere. 

Courts  of  e(piity  decline  to  interfere  in  favor  of  parties  pleading 
intoxication  in  the  ])erformance  of  a  civil  act. 

The  law  does,  however,  recognize  two  kinds  of  inculpable  drunk- 
enness, viz.:  that  which  is  produced  by  the  '•  unskillfulness  of  his 
physician,"  and  that  which  is  produced  by  the  "contrivance  of 
enemies."  To  this  may  be  added  cases  where  a  party  drinks  no 
more  liquor  than  he  has  habitually  used  without  being  intoxicated, 
and  which  exerts  an  unusually  potent  effect  on  the  brain  in  con- 
sequence of  certain  pathological  conditions. 


-^ 


954  DlCiEKl'    UK    MATK    LAWS. 

MAKHI.V<;E  CONTHAd. 

Marriage  is  a  contract,  made  in  clue  toriu  ol' law,  by  wliicli  a  man 
antl  woman  reciprocally  engage  to  live  with  each  other  during  their 
joint  lives,  and  to  discharge  towards  each  other  the  duties  imposed 
by  law  on  the  relation  t>t' husband  ami  wif'i'.  The  marriage  contract 
is  in  law  a  civil  contract,  to  which  the  consent  ot"  the  parties  is 
essential.  The  marriage  relation  can  oidy  be  entered  into,  main- 
tained, and  abrogated  as  provided  by  law.  It  is  dissolved  by  death 
or  divorce.  A  marriage  which  is  valid  by  the  law  of  the  country 
in  which  it  is  contracted,  is  valid  in  this  State.  To  make  a  valid 
marriage,  tlie  parties  must  lie  wdliiuj  to  contract,  ahle  to  contract, 
an«l  have  actuaUtf  contraoted.  All  persons  arc  able  to  contract 
marriage  unless  they  are  under  the  legal  age,  or  unless  there  bo 
other  disability;  the  age  of  consent  at  common  l:i\v  is  fourteen  in 
males  and  twelve  in  fenniles.  When  a  person  under  this  ago  mar- 
ries, such  person  can,  when  lie  or  she  arrives  at  the  age  above  speci- 
fied, avoid  the  marriage,  or  such  person  or  both  may,  if  the  other  is 
of  legal  age,  cnnfirm  it;  if  either  of  the  parties  is  under  seven,  the 
marriage  is  void.  If  either  of  the  party  is  n<>a  cnjnjios  ut,  ntls  or 
in>ane,  or  has  a  husband  or  wite  living,  the  marriage  is  void. 

The  j>artics  must  cjich  be  willing  to  marry  the  otlier.  If  eitlier 
party  acta  under  compulsion,  or  is  under  duress,  the  marriage  is 
voidable. 

The  hu>band  is  bound  to  receive  his  wife  at  home,  ajjd  sliouhl  fur- 
nish her  with  all  the  necessaries  and  conveniencies  which  his  for- 
tune enables  him  to  do,  and  which  her  situation  ixv^uires,  but  this 
does  not  include  such  lu.xuries  as,  according  to  her  fancy,  she  deems 
necessaries,  lie  is  bound  to  love  his  wife  and  be;ir  with  her  faults, 
and,  if  jwssiblc,  by  mild  means,  to  correct  them;  and  he  is  required 
to  fulfill  towards  her  his  marital  promise  of  fidelity. 

Being  the  head  of  the  family,  the  husband  has  a  right  to  estab- 
lish liimself  wherever  he  may  please,  and  in  this  he  cannot  be  con- 
trolled by  his  wife;  lie  may  manage  his  affairs  in  liis  own  way,  buy 
and  sell  all  kinds  of  personal  i)roperty,  without  her  control,  and  he 
may  buy  any  real  estate  he  may  deem  proj>er;  but  sis  the  wife 
accpiires  a  right  in  the  latter,  he  cannot  sell  it  without  her  consent. 

A  wife  is  under  obligations  to  love,  honor  and  obey  her  husband, 
and  is  bound  to  follow  him  wherever  in  the  country  he  may  go  and 
establish  himself,  provided  it  is  not  for  other  causes  unreasonable. 


DIOKST    OV    STATK    LAWS.  055 

She  is  under  obli<^atioii  to  be  taitht'ul  in  cliastitj  to  her  niarria<;e 
vow.  A  wife  has  the  rii^lit  to  tlie  love  and  protecting  care  of  her 
husband;  slie  has  the  right  to  sliare  liis  bed  and  board;  she  can  call 
upon  her  hnsbaixl  to  ])rovide  her  with  the  necessary  food  and 
clotiiing,  according  to  her  position  in  life,  and  if  he  neglects  or  re- 
fuses to  do  so,  she  can  procure  them  on  his  account. 

MARRIED    WOMEN 

May  bargain,  sell,  and  convey  their  real  and  personal  property,  and 
enter  into  contracts  with  reference  to  the  same.  The  wife  may  be 
the  agent  of  the  husband,  and  transact  for  him  business,  making, 
accepting  or  endorsing  bills  or  notes,  purchasing  good?,  rendering 
bills,  collecting  money  and  receipting  fur  the  same,  and  in  general, 
entering  into  any  contract  so  as  to  bind  him,  if  she  has  his  authority 
to  do  so.  And  while  tliey  continue  to  live  together,  the  law  con- 
siders the  wife  as  clothed  with  authority  by  the  husband  to  buy  for 
him  and  his  family  all  things  necessary,  in  kind  and  quantit\-,  for 
the  proper  support  of  his  family;  and  for  such  ])urcha;es  made  bj 
her  he  is  liable.  The  husband  is  responsible  for  necessaries  sup- 
plied to  his  wife,  if  he  does  not  supply  them  himself,  and  he 
continues  so  liable  if  he  turns  her  out  of  his  house  or  otherwise 
separates  himself  from  her,  without  good  cause.  But  he  is  not  so 
liable  if  she  deserts  him,  (without  extreme  provocation)  or  if  he 
turns  her  away  for  good  cause.  Tf  she  leaves  him  because  he  treats 
her  so  ill  that  she  has  good  right  to  go  from  him  and  his  house, 
this  is  the  same  thing  as  turning  her  away;  and  she  carries  with  her 
his  credit  for  all  necessaries  supplied  to  her.  But  what  the  mis- 
conduct must  be  to  give  this  right,  is  uncertain.  But  the  law  un- 
doubtedly is,  that  the  wife  is  not  obliged  to  stay  and  endure  cruelty 
or  indecency.  It  is  also  held,  that  if  a  man  lives  with  a  woman  as 
his  wife,  and  represents  her  to  be  so,  he  is  liable  for  necessaries  sup- 
plied to  her,  and  her  contracts,  in  the  same  way  as  if  she  were  his  wife* 
The  statutes  intend  to  secure  to  a  married  woman  all  her  rights. 
But  many  women  about  to  marry — or  their  friends  for  them — 
often  wish  to  secure  to  them  certain  powers  and  rights,  and  to  limit 
these  in  certain  ways  or  to  make  sure  that  their  projierty  is  in  safe 
and  skillful  hands.  This  can  only  be  done  by  conveying  and  trans- 
ferring the  property  to  trustees;  that  is,  to  certain  persons  to  hold 
the  same  in  trust. 


956  DIGEST   OV   STATE   LAWS. 

A  inarrifd  woman  may  6uo  and  bo  sued.  At  the  deatli  of  the 
liUbbaml,  in  addition  to  the  widow's  award,  a  nuuried  woman  lias  a 
dower  interest  [one-third]  in  all  real  estate  owned  l»y  her  liusband 
after  their  marriaire,  and  wliich  lias  not  been  released  by  her,  and 
the  hnsbaiul  has  the  same  interest  in  the  real  estate  of  the  wife, 
after  her  death. 

SCllOOl.  M«).M  H. 
NUMBER   OF   DAYS    IK    A  8CIIOOK    XloXTn — TEACIIEUs'    HOLIDAYS. 

The  law  of  this  Stiitc  says  that  a  school  month  shall  comj)riso 
twenty-two  school  days,  aettially  taUj^ht.  It  also  ]>rovide8  that 
teachers  shall  not  l)0  required  to  teach  on  h'iral  holidays,  thanks- 
giving or  fast-days,  ap|)ointed  by  State  or  National  autiiority. 

SCHOOL  CHILDKE.n's   SILDIES. 

The  rulings  of  courts  are  that  the  trustees  of  a  school  district 
may  jirescribe  what  studies  shall  be  pursued,  and  may  regulate  the 
classilication  of  the  pupils;  but  that  a  parent  may  select,  from  the 
branches  ]tursued,  those  which  the  child  shall  study,  so  long  as  the 
exercise  of  such  selection  does  not  interfere  with  the  system  pre- 
scribed for  the  schiM»l ;  that  the  child  cannot  Ik?  excluded  frojii  <»ne 
study  simply  because  he  is  deficient  in  another;  the  rule  re«iuiriMg 
his  exclusion  is  unn-asonable,  and  cannot  be  enforced. 

I > FA. NTS 

Can  make  a  binding  contr.ict  for  necessaries  only.  An  infant  can 
never  bind  himself  even  for  necessaries  when  he  has  a  parent  or 
gmirdian  who  supplies  his  wants.  What  are  considered  necessaries 
depend  n]K)n  the  rank  and  circunistJinces  of  the  infant  in  the  par- 
ticular case.  All  his  other  contnicts  are  considered  void<ihle  and 
tv)j</.  An  infant's  c^nitract  on  a  bill  or  note  is  voidable.  His 
liability  may  Ikj  established  by  r:ititicatii>n  after  full  age. 

Thecontirmation  or  ratiticiition  must  be  distinct,  and  with  a  knowl- 
edge that  he  is  not  liable  on  the  contract.  A  mere  acknowledgment 
of  a  debt,  or  a  i)ayment  of  a  part  of  it,  will  not  6uj>port  an  action 
an  such  a  contract.  When  an  infant  indorses  negotiable  notes  or 
bills  he  does  not  pass  any  interest  in  them  as  against  himself;  his 
act  is  voidable,  but  neither  the  acox»ptor  nor  subsequent  indorser 
can  oblige  his  infancy  to  evade  their  liability;  nor  can  the  drawer 
of  a  bill  set  up  the  infancy  of  a  payee  and  indorser  as  a  defense  to 


DIGEST  OF    ST  ATI-:    LAWS.  957 

an  action  thereon  ai^ai'iist  biniself.  An  intUnt  may  sue  on  a  hill, 
hut  lie  sues  by  his  guardian  or  next  friend,  and  payment  should 
accordingly  he  made  to  him. 

Parties  contracting  with  an  infant  assume  all  the  inconveniences 
incident  to  the  protection  which  the  law  allows  him.  in  law 
intancv  extends  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  3'ears. 

ADOPTION   OF  CHILDREN. 

Children  may  be  adopted  by  any  resident  of  this  State  by  tiling 
a  petition  in  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  of  the  county  in  which 
lie  resides,  asking  leave  to  do  so;  and,  if  desired,  may  ask  that  the 
name  of  the  child  be  changed.  Such  petition,  if  made  by  a  person 
having  a  husband  or  wife,  will  not  he  granted  unless  the  husband 
and  wife  joins  therein,  as  the  adoption  must  be  by  them  jointly. 
The  petition  shall  state  name,  sex,  and  age  of  child,  and  the  new 
name,  if  it  is  desired  to  change  the  name;  also,  the  name  and  resi- 
dence of  the  parents  of  the  child,  if  known,  and  of  the  guardian, 
if  any,  and  whether  the  parents  or  guardian  consent  to  the 
adoption. 

The  Court  must  find,  before  granting  decree,  that  the  parents  of 
the  child,  or  the  survivors  of  them,  have  deserted  his  or  her  family, 
or  such  child,  for  one  year  next  preceding  the  application;  or,  if 
neither  is  living,  that  the  guardian  (if  no  guardian,  the  next  of 
kin  in  this  State  capable  of  giving  consent)  has  had  notice  of  the 
presentation  of  the  petition,  and  consents  to  such  adoption.  If 
the  child  is  at  the  age  of  fourteen  or  upwards,  the  adoption  cannot 
be  made  without  its  consent. 

CHURCH    ORGANIZATIONS 

May  be  legally  made  by  electing  or  appointing,  according  to  the 
usages  or  customs  of  the  body  of  which  it  is  a  part,  at  any  meeting 
held  for  that  purpose,  two  or  more  of  its  members  or  trustees,  war- 
dens or  vestrymen,  and  may  adopt  a  corporate  name.  The  Chair- 
man or  Secretary  of  such  meeting  shall,  as  soon  as  possible,  make 
and  file  in  the  office  of  the  Recorder  of  Deeds  of  the  county  an 
affidavit  substantially  in  the  following  form: 


State  of  Illinois,  ) 
County.       ( 


I, ,  do  solemnly  swear  [or  afiirm,  as  the  case  may  be] 

that  at  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  [here  insert  the  name  of 


058  DIGEST   OF   STATE   LAWS. 

the  chureli,  society,  or  coii(!^rei:;:itioii,  as  known  before  orc^anization] 

held  at  (here  insert  the  jthice  of  lueetingj,  in  the  County  of , 

and  State  of  Illinois,  on   the day  of  ,  A.    L).   18 — ,  for 

that  i)urj)Oi?e,  the  following  persons  were  elected  [or  appointed; 
here  insert  the  nainesj  trustees,  wardens,  vestrymeji  [or  ottieers  by 
whatever  name  they  may  ehut>sc  to  adoj)t,  with  power  similar  to 
trustees),    aeoonlin^   to    the    rules   and    usages   of  such    [church, 

society,  or  con^rec^ation  ],  and  said adopted  as  its  cori)orate 

name  [here  insert  name],  and  at  eaid  meeting  this  alHant  acted  as 
[Chairman  or  Secretary,  as  the  case  may  he]. 

Siiliscrilted  and  .sWorn  to  hefon*  me  this day  of , 

A.  I).  18—.  [Name  of  affiant]* . 

Which  affidavit  must  bo  recorded  by  the  Recorder,  and  shall  be, 
or  a  certified  copy  made  by  the  Recorder,  received  as  evidence  of 
6uch  corporation. 

2S'o  certificate  of  election  after  the  first  need  be  filed  for  record. 

The  term  of  office  of  the  trustees,  ami  the  general  government  of 
the  society  can  be  determined  by  the  rules  and  by-laws  adojited. 
Failure  to  elect  trustees  at  the  time  j)rovided  does  not  work  a  dis- 
solution, but  the  old  trustees  hold  over.  A  trustee  or  trustees  may 
be  removed,  in  the  same  manner,  by  the  society,  as  elections  jire 
held  by  a  meeting  called  for  that  purpose.  The  jiroperty  of  the 
society  rests  in  the  corporation.  The  corporation  may  hold,  or 
ac(juire  by  purchase  or  otherwise,  land  not  exceeding  ten  acres,  for 
the  j)urpose  of  the  society.  The  trustees  have  the  care,  custody 
and  control  of  the  proj)erty  of  the  corporation,  and  can,  tv/ieri 
directed  by  the  society,  erect  houses  or  improvements,  and  repair 
and  alter  the  same,  and  may  also  when  so  directed  by  the  society, 
mortgage,  encumber,  sell  and  convey  any  real  or  personal  estate 
behtnging  to  the  corporation,  an<J  make  all  j)roper  contracts  in  the 
name  of  such  corporation.  Ilut  they  are  prohiljited  by  law  from 
encumbering  or  interfering  with  any  property  so  as  to  destrt»y  the 
effect  of  any  gift,  grant,  devi.se  or  bequest  to  the  corporation;  but 
such  gift<«,  grants,  devises  or  be(|uest8  must  in  all  cases  be  u.sed  so 
as  to  carry  out  the  object  intended  by  the  persons  making  the  same. 
E.xisting  churches  may  organize  in  the  manner  herein  set  forth,  and 
have  all  the  advantages  thereof. 

GAME 

Consists  of  birds  and  beasts  of  a  wild  nature,  obtained  by  fowling 
and  hunting.     The  last  few  years  have  shown  a  general  interest  by 


DIGEST    OF    STATK    LAWS.  959 

the  people  in  having  wise  and  just  Uiws  ])a.ssed  for  the  protection  of 
fish  and  game.  It  is  ajiparent  to  all  that,  unless  these  laws  are 
vigorously  enforced,  the  time  will  soon  come  when  fish  and  game 
will  be  so  scarce  as  to  be  within  the  rcat-h  of  only  the  wealthy. 
Under  proper  regulations  our  streams  of  pure  running  water  would 
all  be  filled  with  fish,  as  in  other  years,  and  our  ])rairies,  fields  and 
forests  alive  with  their  great  variety  of  game.  It  is  a  question  that 
interests  all,  and  the  game  laws  should  l)e  enforced. 

The  following  are  sections  1  and  6  of  the  Game  Law  of  1873,  of 
this  State,  as  amended  by  the  act  api)roved  May  14th,  1877: 

Sec.  1.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to 
hunt  or  ])ursue,  kill  or  traji,  net  or  ensnare,  destroy,  or  attempt  to 
kill,  tra]i,  net,  ensnare,  or  otherwise  destroy  any  prairie  hen  or 
chicken,  or  any  woodcock,  between  the  15tli  day  of  January  and  the 
1st  day  of  September  in  each  and  every  year;  or  any  deer,  fawn, 
wild  turkey,  rulVed  grouse  (commonly  called  partridge),  or  pheas- 
ant, between  the  1st  day  of  February  and  the  1st  day  of  October 
in  each  and  every  year;  or  any  quail  between  the  Ist  day  of  Fel)- 
ruary  and  the  1st  day  of  November  in  each  and  every  year;  or  any 
wild  goose,  duck,  snipe,  brant,  or  other  waterfowl  between  the  1st 
day  of  May  and  the  15th  day  of  August  in  each  and  every  year: 
Provided,  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to 
net  any  quail  at  any  time  after  this  act  shall  take  eft'ect  and  be  in 
force;  and  lyrovided  furt]iei\  That  it  shall  be  uidawful  for  any  per- 
son or  persons  who  is  or  are  non-residents  of  this  State  to  kill, 
ensnare,  net  or  trap  any  deer,  fawn,  wild  turkey,  prairie  hen  or 
chicken,  rufied  grouse,  quail,  woodcock,  wild  goose,  wild  duck  or 
l)rant,  or  any  snipe,  in  any  county  of  this  State,  at  any  time,  for 
the  purpose  of  selling  or  marketing  or  removing  the  same  outside 
of  this  State.  Every  ])erson  who  violates  any  of  the  ]u-ovision8  of 
this  section  shall,  for  each  and  every  ofiense,  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  on  conviction  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  five  dol- 
lars (85)  nor  more  than  twent^'-fivc  dollars  (825)  and  costs  of  suit  for 
each  and  every  separate  bird  or  animal  c»f  the  above  enumerated 
list,  so  unlawfully  hunted  or  pursued,  killed,  traj)ped,  netted, 
ensnared,  or  destroyed  or  attempted  to  be  killed,  trapped,  nette<], 
ensnared,  or  otherwise  destroyed,  and  shall  stand  committed  to  the 
county  jail  until  such  fine  and  costs  are  paid,  but  such  imprison- 
ment shall  not  exceed  ten  days. 


960  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

Sec.  6.  No  person  or  persons  shall  sell  or  expose  for  sale,  or 
have  in  his  or  their  j)osse8sion  for  the  purpose  of  sellini;  or  expos- 
ing for  sale,  any  of  the  animals,  wild  fowls  or  birds  mentioned  in 
section  1  of  this  act,  after  the  expiration  of  five  days  next  sncceed- 
iiiij  the  first  dav  of  the  period  in  which  it  shall  be  unlawful  to 
kill,  trap,  net,  or  ensnare  such  animals,  wild  fowls  or  birds.  And 
any  ])erhon  so  otfcndin^  shall,  on  conviction,  be  fined  and  dealt  with 
as  specitie<l  in  Section  1  of  this  act:  ProvUt&ly  That  the  ])rovision8 
of  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  the  killing  of  birds  by  or  for  the  use 
of  taxidermists  for  preservation  either  in  public  or  jirivate  collec- 
tions, if  so  preserved. 

The  fifteenth  of  January,  it  will  be  observed,  is  the  date  when  the 
prohibition  bc<j;in8  to  work  as  to  prairie  chickens  and  woodcock; 
the  first  of  February  is  the  date  for  most  other  sorts  of  game, 
except  waterfowl.  And  five  days  after  the  ])roh'ibition  against  kill- 
itii^  goes  into  force,  it  becomes  unlawful  t«>  sell  or  ex])0se  for  sale 
the  prohibited  gatnr. 

I'KKSKKVATION  OF  OTHER    BIRDS. 

It  may  be  appropriate  to  mention  hero  that  Sections  3  and  4  of 
the  act  of  1873,  which  are  not  changed  or  affected  by  the  act  of 
1^77,  are  as  follows: 

Sec.  3.  No  j>ers<»n  shall  at  any  time,  within  this  State,  kill  or 
attempt  to  trap,  net,  ensnare,  destroy  or  kill  any  robin,  bluebird, 
swallow,  martin,  mt>s«|uito  hawk,  whippoorwill,  cuckoo,  W(jodpecker, 
catbird,  brown-thnisher,  red-bird,  hanging-bird,  buzzard,  sparrow, 
wn^'n,  humming-bird,  dove,  gold-linch,  nwjcking  bird,  blue-jay,  finch, 
tlirush,  lark,  cherry-bird,  yellow-bird,  oriole,  or  bobolink,  nor  rob  or 
destroy  the  nests  of  such  binls,  or  either  or  any  of  them.  And 
any  person  go  offending  shall  on  conviction  be  fined  the  su!n  of  five 
dollars  for  each  and  every  bird  so  killed,  and  for  each  and  every  nest 
robbed  or  destroyed:  Provided,  that  nothing  in  this  section  shall 
be  construed  to  prevent  the  owner  or  occupant  of  lands  from 
destroying  any  of  the  birds  herein  named  on  the  same,  when  deemed 
necessary  for  the  jtrotection  of  fruits  or  property. 

Sec.  4.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  j)erson  or  persons  to  destroy 
or  remove  from  the  nests  of  any  prairie  chicken,  grouse  or  (^uail, 
wild  turkey,  goose  or  brant,  any  &i^^  or  eggs  of  such  fowl  or  bird, 
or  for  any  person  to  buy,  sell,  have  in  possession  or  traffic  in  such 


DIGEST    oy    STATi;    I.AW8.  901 

Gg^&,  or  willfully  destroy  the  nest  of  such  birds  or  fowls,  or  any  or 
either  of  theni.  And  any  })erson  s<»  oliouding'  shall  on  conviction 
be  lined  and  dealt  with  as  specilied  in  Section  8  uf  this  act. 

.'WILLEIIS. 

The  owner  or  occupant  of  every  public  grist-mill  in  this  State 
shall  grind  all  grain  brougiit  to  his  mill,  in  its  turn.  The'toll  for 
both  steam  and  water  mills,  is,  for  grinding  and  bolting  wheat,  rve, 
or  other  grain,  one-eighth  ]virt;  for  grinding  Indian  corn,  oats,  barley, 
and  buckwheat  not  required  to  be  bolted,  one-seventh  ])art;  for  grind- 
ing malt,  and  chopping  all  kinds  of  grain,  one-eighth  part.  It  is 
the  duty  of  every  miller,  when  his  mill  is  in  repair,  to  aid  and  assist 
in  loading  and  unloading  all  grain  brought  to  his  mill  to  be  ground; 
and  he  is  also  required  to  keep  an  accurate  half-bushel  measure,  and 
an  accurate  set  of  toll  dishes  or  scales  for  weighing  the  grain.  The 
penalty  for  neglect  or  refusal  to  comply  with  the  law  is  $5,  to  the 
use  of  any  person  suing  for  the  same,  to  be  recovered  before  any 
Justice  of  the  Peace  of  the  count}'  where  the  penalty  is  incurred. 
Millers  are  accountable  (except  it  results  from  unavoidable  acci 
dents)  for  the  safe-keeping  of  all  grain  left  in  their  mill  for  the  pur- 
pose of  being  ground,  with  bags  or  casks  containing  same,  provided 
that  such  bags  or  casks  are  distinctly  marked  with  tlie  initial  letters 
of  the  owner's  name. 

PAUPERS. 

Every  poor  person  who  shall  be  unable  to  earn  a  livelihood  in  con- 
sequence of  any  bodily  infirmity,  idiocy,  lunacy  or  unavoidable 
cause,  shall  be  supported  by  the  father,  grandfathers,  mother,  grand- 
mothers, children,  grandchildren,  brothers  or  sisters,  of  such  poor 
person,  if  they  or  either  of  them  be  of  sufficient  ability;  but  if  any 
of  such  dependent  class  shall  have  become  so  from  intemperance,  or 
other  bad  conduct,  they  shall  not  be  entitled  to  support  from  any 
relation  e.Kcept  parent  or  child.  The  children  shall  first  be  called  on 
to  sup])ort  their  parents,  if  they  are  able;  but  if  not,  the  j)arents  of 
such  poor  person  shall  then  be  called  on,  if  of  sufficient  ability;  and 
it  there  be  no  ])arents  or  children  able,  then  the  brothers  and  sisters 
of  such  dependent  person  shall  l)e  called  upon;  and  if  there  be  no 
brothers  or  sisters  of  sufficient  ability,  the  grandchildren  of  such  ])er- 
son  shall  next  be  called  on;  and  if  they  are  not  able,  then  the  grand- 
parents.    Married  females,  while  their  liusbands  live,  shall  not  be 


062  DIGEST    OF    STATK    LAWS. 

liable  to  contributo  for  the  sup[)ort  of  their  poor  relations  except 
out  of  their  separate  property'.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  State's  attorney 
to  make  ct'inplaint  to  the  County  Courtof  his  county  airainst  all  the 
relatiyes  of  such  ])auper8  in  this  State  liable  to  support,  and  prose- 
cute the  same.  In  case  the  State's  attorney  neglects  or  refuses  to 
complain  in  such  cases,  then  it  is  the  duty  of  the  oyerseer  of  the  poor 
to  do  so.  The  j)erson  called  upon  to  contributo  shall  have  at  least 
ten  days'  notice  of  such  application,  by  summons.  The  court  has 
the  power  to  determine  the  kind  of  support,  dej)endin«j  u[)on  the 
circumstances  of  the  parties,  and  njay  also  order  two  or  more  of  the 
different  tlegrees  to  mainUiin  such  poor  person,  and  prescribe  the 
j)roportion  of  cacli,  according  to  his  or  her  ability.  The  court  may 
specify  the  time  for  which  the  relatives  shall  contribute;  in  fact  it 
has  control  over  the  entire  subject  matter,  with  power  to  enforce  its 
order. 

Every  county  is  re«[uired  to  relieve  and  support  all  poor  and  in- 
digent j)er»ons  lawfully  resident  therein.  "  Ivesidcnce  "  means  the 
actual  residence  of  tlie  party,  or  the  ])lace  where  ho  was  cnij)loyed; 
or  in  case  l>e  was  in  no  employment,  then  it  shall  be  the  j)lace  where 
he  nuido  his  liome.  ^Vhcn  any  person  becomes  chargeable  Jis  a 
pauper  who  tlid  not  reside  in  the  a)unty  at  the  commencement  of 
si.K  months  immediately  preceding  his  becoming  so,  but  did  at  the 
time  reside  elsewhere  in  this  State,  then  the  county  bec<jmeB  liable 
for  the  exjK-'use  of  talking  care  of  such  person  until  removed;  and  it 
is  the  duty  of  the  overseer  to  notify  the  proper  authorities  of  the 
fact.  If  any  ])erson  shall  bring  and  leave  any  j)auper  in  any  county 
in  this  State  where  such  pauper  had  nu  legal  residence,  knowing  him 
to  be  such,  he  is  liable  tt>  a  tine  of  $100.  In  counties  uinler  town- 
ship organizatii)n,  the  suj>ervisors  in  each  town  are  ex-officio  over- 
seers of  the  j>oor.  The  overseers  of  the  poor  act  under  the  directions 
of  the  County  Board  in  taking  care  of  the  poor  and  granting  teni- 
]^K)rary  relief;  also,  in  providing  for  non-resident  persons  not  pau- 
pers who  may  be  taken  sick  and  not  able  to  pay  their  way,  and,  in 
case  of  death,  causing  such  persons  to  be  decently  buried. 

PUBLIC  AM)  PIlIV.tTK  COXVEV.VM'ES. 

"When  practicable  from  the  nature  of  the  ground,  persons  travel 
inir  in  anv  kind  of  vehicle  must  turn  to  the  ri'dit  of  the  center  of 
the  road,  so  as  to  permit  each  carriage  to  pass  without  interfering 


DIGEST    OF   STATE    LAWS.  903- 

with  the  other.  The  penalty  tor  a  violation  of  this  provision  is  $5 
for  every  offense,  to  be  recovered  by  the  j)arty  injured;  l)ut  to  re- 
cover, there  must  have  occurred  some  injury  to  |>erson  or  ])roj>ertv 
resulting  from  the  violation. 

The  owners  of  any  carria<j^e  travelinij  U]>on  any  road  in  this  State 
for  the  conveyance  of  passeuii^crs,  who  shall  employ  or  continue  in 
their  employment  as  driver  any  })erson  who  is  addicted  to  drunken- 
ness, or  the  excessive  use  of  spirituous  litjuors,  after  he  has  had 
notice  of  the  same,  shall  j)ay  a  forfeit  at  the  rate  of  $5  per  day;  and 
if  any  driver,  while  actually  engaged  in  driving  any  such  carriage, 
shall  be  guilty  of  intoxication  to  such  a  degree  as  to  endanger  the 
safety  of  passengers,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner,  on  receiving 
written  notice  of  the  fact,  signed  by  one  of  the  ]>assengers,  and  cer- 
tified by  him  on  oath,  forthwith  to  discharo:e  such  driver.  If  such 
owner  shall  have  such  driver  in  his  employ  within  three  months 
after  Buch  notice,  he  is  liable  for  $5  per  day  f(»r  the  time  he  shall 
keep  such  driver  in  his  em])loyment  after  receiving  such  notice. 

Persons  driving  any  carriage  on  any  i^ublic  highway  are  prohib- 
ited from  running  their  horses  npon  any  occasion,  nnder  a  penalty 
of  a  fine  not  exceeding  $10,  or  imprisonment  not  exceeding  sixtv 
days,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court.  Horses  attached  lo  any  car- 
riage nsed  to  convey  passengers  for  hire  must  be  properly  hitched, 
or  the  lines  placed  in  the  hands  of  some  other  ])erson,  before  the 
driver  leaves  them  for  any  purpose.  For  violation  of  this  provision 
each  driver  shall  forfeit  twenty  dollars,  to  be  recovered"  by  action 
commenced  within  six  months. 

It  is  understood  by  the  term  "carriage''  herein  U)  mean  any  car- 
riage or  vehicle  nsed  for  the  transportation  of  passengers,  or  goods, 
or  either  of  them. 

WAGERS  AM)  STAKEHOLDERS. 

Wagers  upon  the  result  of  an  election  have  always  been  consid- 
ered as  void,  as  being  contrary  to  sound  ]»olicy,  and  tending  to  im- 
pair the  purity  of  elections.  Wagers  as  to  the  mode  of  playing,  or 
as  to  the  result  of  any  illegal  game,  as  boxing,  wrestling,  cock- 
fighting,  etc.,  are  void  at  common  law. 

Stakeholders  mustdeliver  the  thing  holden  by  them  to  the  person 
entitled  to  it,  on  demand.  It  is  fVecpiently  (piestionable  who  is  en- 
titled to  it.     In  case  of  an  unlawful  wager,  although  he  may  be  jus- 


064  DIUKST    OK    nTATK    LAWS. 

tified  for  delivering  the  thliij^  to  the  winner,  by  the  express  or  im- 
j)lic'(l  consent  of  the  loser,  yet  if  before  the  event  has  happened  he 
lias  been  ret^uired  by  either  ])arty  to  give  up  the  thinij;  deposited 
with  him  by  such  party,  he  is  bound  to  deliver  it;  or  if,  after  the 
event  has  ha])pened,  the  losing  jmrty  gives  notice  to  the  stakeholder 
nt)t  to  ])ay  the  winner,  a  pa3'inent  made  to  him  al'terwanls  will  be 
made  to  him  in  his  own  wrong,  and  the  ])arty  wlu»  deposited  the 
money  or  thing  may  recover  it  from  the  stakeholder. 

SUNDAY. 

Liibor  of  whatever  kind,  other  tlian  the  household  offices  of  daily 
necessitv,  or  other  work  of  charitv  and  nccessitv,  on  the  first  day  of 
the  week,  commonly  called  Sunday,  is  in  general  under  penalty  pro- 
hibited; but  all  j)crsons  do  not  c«)me  under  prohibition.  If  a  con- 
tnict  is  commonccil  on  Sunday,  but  not  completed  until  a  subsequent 
<lay,  or  if  it  merely  grew  out  of  a  transaction  which  took  place  on 
Sunday,  it  is  ni>t  for  this  re:u*«»n  void.  Thus,  if  a  note  is  signed  on 
Suiuhiv,  its  viiliditv  is  nr»t  impaire*!  if  it  be  not  dL-livcred  on  that  da\'. 

l»K.H\mo>    OF   riKMMFKCIAl,   TKKMS. 

$  means  d<tlUtrs,  being  a  contraction  of  U.S.,  which  was  for- 
merly phiced  before  any  denomination  of  money,  and  meant,  as  it 
means  now,  United  States  currency.  £  means  pomuh,  English 
money,  (qj  stands  for //<  or  ^o/  tb  {i»r  pound/  bbl.  for  barrel;  and 
^  for  j}er  or  ht/  the.  Thus,  butter  sells  at  20@30c.  '^  ih,  and 
flour  at  $6k<i<10  ^  bbl.      \,  stands  for  jter  cent.^  and  j|  lor  numhev. 

In  the  example  "May  1 — wheat  sells  at  $l.(»5cy,  1.10,  seller 
June,"  seller  June  means  that  the  j>crson  who  sells  the  wheat  has 
the  privilege  of  delivering  it  at  any  time  during  the  month  of 
June.  "Selling  short''  is  c«»ntracting  to  <leliver  a  cerUiin  amount 
of  grain  or  stock  at  a  ti.xed  price  within  a  certain  length  of  time, 
when  the  seller  has  not  the  stock  on  hand.  It  is  for  the  interest  of 
the  j>er8on  selling  ''  short"  to  depress  the  market  lis  much  Jis  possi- 
ble, in  order  that  he  may  buy  and  fill  his  c<jntract  at  a  protit. 
Ilence  the  ''shorts"  are  termed  "bears." 

LEUAL  WtUiinS  A>D  MEASURES. 

"Whenever  any  of  the  following  articles  shall  be  contracted  for, 
or  sold  or  delivered,  and  n«j  .sj)ecial  contract  or  agreement  shall  be 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  905 

made  to  the  contrary,  the  weight  per  hiisliel   shall  bo  as   follows, 

to  wit: 

n)S.  •  tt>s. 

Apples,  dried 24  Ileiup  seed 44 

BiirV-y 48  Hair  (pla>UTiDji) H 

Heans,  white 60  Lime,  unslacked 8() 

Beans,  castor 4<i  Onions 57 

Buckwheat .J2  Oats :W 

Bran 20  Potatoes.  Irish <>() 

Blue-glass  seed   14  IVaclies,  dried ;}:{ 

Broom-corn  seed 4<j  Potatoes,  sweet 5") 

Coal,  stove 80  llye W 

Corn,  in  the  ear 70  Salt,  fine W 

Corn,  shelled  r)»J  Salt,  coarse ^O 

Corn  meal 48  Turnips •'J5 

Clover  seed 00  Timothy  seed 4r) 

Flax  seed  5(5  Wheat 00 

BEES. 

Bees,  while  uiirechiimed,  arc  by  nature  wild  animals.  -Those 
which  take  up  their  abode  in  a  tree  belong  to  the  owner  of  the  soil 
in  which  the  tree  grows,  if  unreclaimed;  but  if  reclaimed  and  identi- 
fied they  belong  to  their  former  owner.  If  a  swarm  has  flown  from 
the  hive  of  A,  they  are  his  so  long  as  they  are  in  sight,  and  may 
easily  be  taken;  otherwise,  they  become  the  property  of  the  first 
occupant.  Merely  finding  on  the  land  of  another  person  a  tree 
containing  a  swarm  of  bees,  and  marking  it,  does  not  vest  tlie 
property  of  the  bees  in  the  tinder.  They  do  not  become  property 
until  actually  hived. 

DOGS. 

Dogs  are  animals  of  a  domestic  nature.  The  owner  of  a  dog  has 
such  property  in  him  that  he  may  maintain  an  action  for  an  injury 
to  him,  or  to  recover  him  when  unlawfully  taken  away  and  kept  by 
another. 

When,  in  consequence  of  his  vicious  propensities,  a  dog  becomes 
a  common  nuisance  the  owner  may  be  indicted,  and  where  one 
commits  an  injury,  if  the  owner  had  knowledge  of  his  mischievous 
propensities,  he  is  liable  for  the  injury.  A  man  has  a  right  to 
keep  a  dog  to  guard  his-  premises,  but  not  to  put  him  at  the 
entrance  of  hia  house,  because  a  person  coming  there  on  lawful 
business  may  be  injured  by  him,  though  tliere  may  be  another 
entrance  to  the  liouse.  But  if  a  dog  is  chained,  and  a  visitor 
incautiously  goes  so  near  him  that  he  is  bitten,  he  has  no  right  of 
action  against  the  owner. 


yOO  DIGEST   OF    STATIC    LAWS. 

CHIKLTV    TO    ANIMALS. 

Whuever  sliall  willfully  overdrive,  overload,  overwork,  torture, 
torment,  heat,  dej)rivc  of  fiecessarv  and  proper  food,  drink,  or 
fehelter,  or  cruelly  kill  any  such  animal,  or  work  an  old,  maimed, 
sick,  or  disabled  animal,  or  keep  any  animal  in  an  unnecessarily 
cruel  manner,  for  each  and  every  ott'ense  shall  be  liable  tt)  a  line  of 
not  less  than  $3  or  more  than  $'2<)(),  to  be  recovered  on  complaint 
before  any  Justice  of  the  Peace,  or  by  indictment.  The  word 
"animal"  used  shall  be  tiiken  to  mean  any  living  creature. 

.NA.MHS. 

Any  person  desirous  of  changing  his  name,  and  to  assume  another 
name,  may  lile  a  petition  in  the  Circuit  Court  of  the  county  where 
he  resides,  praying  for  such  change.  Such  petition  shall  set  forth 
the  name  then  held,  and  also  the  name  sought  to  be  assumed> 
t(»g(ther  with  his  residence,  and  the  length  of  time  he  shall  have 
resided  in  this  State,  and  his  nativity.  In  case  of  minors,  parents 
or  guardians  must  sign  this  petition;  ami  said  petition  shall  be 
verified  by  the  Jitrnlavit  of  some  credible  person.  A  |trevi(»Uh  notice 
shall  be  given  of  such  intended  a|)plicatit>n  by  publishing  a  notice 
thereof  in  a  county  iiew6paj>er  for  three  consecutive  weeks,  the  first 
insertion  to  Ikj  at  least  six  weeks  prior  to  the  first  day  of  the  term 
of  the  court  in  which  tlie  said  petition  is  to  be  tiled. 


